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Journal articles on the topic 'Radial Electric Field'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Tchaban, Vasyl. "Radial component of vortex electric field force." Computational Problems of Electrical Engineering 11, no. 1 (April 25, 2021): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jcpee2021.01.032.

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he differential equations of motion of electrically charged bodies in an uneven vortex electric field at all possible range of velocities are obtained in the article. In the force interaction, in addition to the two components – the Coulomb and Lorentz forces – the third component of a hitherto unknown force is involved. This component turned out to play a crucial role in the dynamics of movement. The equations are written in the usual 3D Euclidean space and physical time.This takes into account the finite speed of electric field propagation and the law of electric charge conservation. On this basis, the trajectory of the electron in an uneven electric field generated by a positively charged spherical body is simulated. The equations of motion are written in vector and coordinate forms. A physical interpretation of the obtained mathematical results is given. Examples of simulations are given.

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2

Yushmanov, P. N., A. I. Smolyakov, V. B. Lebedev, and P. H. Diamond. "Radial electric field in toroidal plasmas." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 38, no. 8 (August 1, 1996): 1349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/38/8/035.

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3

Zhang, Jiahong, Jiali Shi, and Jing Zhang. "Analysis of the Surface Electric Field Distribution of a 10 kV Faulty Composite Insulator." Electronics 11, no. 22 (November 15, 2022): 3740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223740.

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To obtain a more comprehensive knowledge of the surface electric field distribution of composite insulators, a three-dimensional (3D) simulation model of a 10 kV FXBW4-10/70 composite insulator was established, and the distribution of the axial and radial electric fields on the surface of the insulator under normal, damaged, internal defect, and fouling fault conditions were calculated and analyzed based on the finite element method. The results showed that the axial and radial electric field distributions on the surfaces of the normal composite insulators were “U” shaped, the radial electric field at the damaged location had a greater change than the axial electric field, and both the axial and radial electric fields at the internal defect location increased significantly. For the insulator covered with NaCl conductive fouling, the axial electric fields at the high-voltage (HV) and low-voltage (LV) ends showed a greater change. The results can provide a basis for the fault identification of composite insulators and the optimal design of insulation structures.

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4

Mancic, Ana, Aleksandra Maluckov, Yokoyama Masayoshi, and Okamoto Masao. "Generation of the sheared radial electric field by a magnetic island structure." Facta universitatis - series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology 3, no. 1 (2004): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fupct0401019m.

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The effect of the presence of a magnetic island structure on the am bipolar radial electric field is studied in the context of the belt island model. It is shown that the sheared radial electric field region exists on the island position. Depending on the model parameters, the single (ion root) or multiple (one ion and two electron roots) solutions for the radial electric field are obtained at different radial positions. The radially non-local treatment is developed proposing the steady-state plasma conditions. The numerical calculations show that the diffusion of the radial electric field is significant only near the island boundaries. As a result the discontinuities in the am bipolar electric field profile are smoothed.

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5

NOORI, K., P. KHORSHID, and M. AFSARI. "Derivation of radial electric fields using kinetic theory in tokamak." Journal of Plasma Physics 79, no. 5 (January 16, 2013): 513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377812001171.

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AbstractIn the current study, radial electric field with fluid equations has been calculated. The calculation started with kinetic theory, Boltzmann and momentum balance equations were derived, the negligible terms compared with others were eliminated, and the radial electric field expression in steady state was derived. As mentioned in previous researches, this expression includes all types of particles such as electrons, ions, and neutrals. The consequence of this solution reveals that three major driving forces contribute in radial electric field: radial pressure gradient, poloidal rotation, and toroidal rotation; rotational terms mean Lorentz force. Therefore, radial electric field and plasma rotation are connected through the radial momentum balance.

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6

Bakke, Knut, and Claudio Furtado. "Analysis of the interaction of an electron with radial electric fields in the presence of a disclination." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 16, no. 11 (November 2019): 1950172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021988781950172x.

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We consider an elastic medium with a disclination and investigate the topological effects on the interaction of a spinless electron with radial electric fields through the WKB (Wentzel, Kramers, Brillouin) approximation. We show how the centrifugal term of the radial equation must be modified due to the influence of the topological defect in order that the WKB approximation can be valid. Then, we search for bound states solutions from the interaction of a spinless electron with the electric field produced by this linear distribution of electric charges. In addition, we search for bound states solutions from the interaction of a spinless electron with radial electric field produced by uniform electric charge distribution inside a long non-conductor cylinder.

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7

Saxena, Shashank, Darius Diogo Barreto, and Ajeet Kumar. "Extension–torsion–inflation coupling in compressible electroelastomeric thin tubes." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 25, no. 3 (November 28, 2019): 644–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286519886901.

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We present an axisymmetric and axially homogeneous variational formulation to obtain coupled extension–torsion–inflation deformation in compressible electroelastomeric tubes in the presence of axial and radial electric fields. We show that such deformations occur under the following two conditions: (1) only the axial electric field is imposed, with the electric poling direction in the tube (if present) lying in the radial plane; and (2) only the radial electric field is imposed within the tube, with the electric poling direction (if present) also along the radial direction. The poling direction in condition (1) generates helical anisotropy in the tube. We then obtain the governing differential equations necessary to solve the above deformation problem for thick tubes. We further apply the thin tube limit to obtain simplified algebraic equations to solve the same deformation problem. The effect of applied electric field parameters on the extension–inflation coupling and induced internal pressure vs. imposed inflation behavior is finally presented through numerical solution of the above obtained algebraic equations. The study will be useful in designing soft electroelastic tubular actuators.

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8

Al-Badi, Abdullah, Adel Gastli, Hadj Bourdoucen, and Joseph Jervase. "Evolution of Axial-Field Electrical Machines." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 5 (December 1, 2000): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol5iss0pp227-245.

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This paper is a review of axial-field electrical machines, which were at the origin of the invention of electrical machines such as the famous Faraday’s disk. The different configurations of the axial-field machines are presented along with their advantageous key steady state characteristics such as high efficiency and high power to weight ratio. The differences between axial-field machines and conventional radial-field machines are discussed. The disc-type axial-field electrical machines with permanent-magnet excitation seem to be among the best designs in terms of compactness, suitable shape, robustness, and electric characteristics. Axial-field machines are expected to be used in a large number of applications in the future owing to their special features and distinct advantages compared to conventional radial-field machines.

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9

Sugama, H., and M. Wakatani. "Radial electric field effect on resistive interchange modes." Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics 3, no. 4 (April 1991): 1110–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859839.

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10

Könies, Axel, Christoph Slaby, Ralf Kleiber, Tamás Fehér, Matthias Borchardt, and Alexey Mishchenko. "The MHD continuum with a radial electric field." Physics of Plasmas 27, no. 12 (December 2020): 122511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0023961.

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11

Levinton, F. M., R. E. Bell, S. H. Batha, E. J. Synakowski, and M. C. Zarnstorff. "Radial Electric Field Measurements in Reversed Shear Plasmas." Physical Review Letters 80, no. 22 (June 1, 1998): 4887–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.80.4887.

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12

Sanuki, Heiji, Kimitaka Itoh, Katsumi Ida, and Sanae-I. Itoh. "On Radial Electric Field Structurein CHS Torsatron/Heliotron." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 60, no. 11 (November 15, 1991): 3698–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.60.3698.

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13

Itoh, Kimitaka, Heiji Sanuki, Shinichiro Toda, Masayuki Yokoyama, Sanae-I. Itoh, Masatoshi Yagi, and Atsushi Fukuyama. "Transition of Radial Electric Field in Helical Systems." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 70, no. 6 (June 15, 2001): 1575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.70.1575.

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14

Itoh, K., S. I. Itoh, M. Yagi, and A. Fukuyama. "Solitary radial electric field structure in tokamak plasmas." Physics of Plasmas 5, no. 12 (December 1998): 4121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873145.

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15

Cheng, Wang, Pan Ge-Sheng, Wen Yi-Zhi, Yu Chang-Xuan, Wan Shu-De, Liu Wan-Dong, Wang Zhi-Jiang, and Sun Xuan. "Generation of Radial Electric Field with Electrode Biasing." Chinese Physics Letters 18, no. 2 (February 2001): 257–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/18/2/335.

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16

Min, Gu, and Tan Weihan. "Field distributions and resonance absorption in a laser plasma filament." Laser and Particle Beams 7, no. 1 (February 1989): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600005863.

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In this paper we have theoretically studied the field distributions and resonance absorption in a laser-produced plasma filament. Under the condition of the cold plasma we derive the field equations, as well as their analytical solutions, to the radial and axial components of the electric field. Then, by the numerical calculations, we find that there exists a tunnel effect along the radial direction of the filament, i.e., the electric field reaches a maximum near the radial resonance point r0. Thus, the curves of variance of the radial and axial field components are obtained.

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17

LI, FANG, XIE-YUAN YIN, and XIE-ZHEN YIN. "Instability of a viscous coflowing jet in a radial electric field." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 596 (January 17, 2008): 285–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112007009597.

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A temporal linear instability analysis of a charged coflowing jet with two immiscible viscous liquids in a radial electric field is carried out for axisymmetric disturbances. According to the magnitude of the liquid viscosity relative to the ambient air viscosity, two generic cases are considered. The analytical dimensionless dispersion relations are derived and solved numerically. Two unstable modes, namely the para-sinuous mode and the para-varicose mode, are identified in the Rayleigh regime. The para-sinuous mode is found to always be dominant in the jet instability. Liquid viscosity clearly stabilizes the growth rates of the unstable modes, but its effect on the cut-off wavenumber is negligible. The radial electric field has a dual effect on the modes, stabilizing them when the electrical Euler number is smaller than a critical value and destabilizing them when it exceeds that value. Moreover, the electrical Euler number and Weber number increase the dominant and cut-off wavenumbers significantly. Based on the Taylor–Melcher leaky dielectric theory, two limit cases, i.e. the small electrical relaxation time limit (SERT) and the large electrical relaxation time limit (LERT), are discussed. For coflowing jets having a highly conducting outer liquid, SERT may serve as a good approximation. In addition, the dispersion relations under the thin layer approximation are derived, and it is concluded that the accuracy of the thin layer approximation is closely related to the values of the dimensionless parameters.

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18

Feng, Y., and J. Seyed-Yagoobi. "Mechanism of Annular Two-Phase Flow Heat Transfer Enhancement and Pressure Drop Penalty in the Presence of a Radial Electric Field—Turbulence Analysis." Journal of Heat Transfer 125, no. 3 (May 20, 2003): 478–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1571089.

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The mechanism of heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop penalty in the presence of a radial electric field for the two-phase (liquid/vapor) annular flow is presented. The turbulence spectral theory shows that the radial electric field fluctuation changes the turbulent energy distribution, especially in the radial direction. Consequently, the Reynolds stresses are directly affected by the applied electric field. The analysis reveals that the influence of the applied electric field on the turbulence distribution in an annular two-phase flow leads to the changes in the heat transfer and the pressure drop. The magnitudes of the heat transfer enhancement and the pressure drop penalty are strongly related to the ratio of the radial pressure difference generated by the EHD force to the axial frictional pressure drop. The existing experimental data agree with the predictions of the analysis presented in this paper. The analysis developed here can be a valuable tool in properly predicting the two-phase annular flow heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop penalty in the presence of a radial electric field for both convective boiling and condensation processes.

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19

Le Bars, G., J. Ph Hogge, J. Loizu, S. Alberti, F. Romano, and A. Cerfon. "Self-consistent formation and steady-state characterization of trapped high-energy electron clouds in the presence of a neutral gas background." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 8 (August 2022): 082105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0098567.

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This study considers the self-consistent formation and dynamics of electron clouds interacting with a background neutral gas through elastic and inelastic (ionization) collisions in coaxial geometries similar to gyrotron electron guns. These clouds remain axially trapped as the result of crossed magnetic field lines and electric equipotential lines creating potential wells similar to those used in Penning traps. Contrary to standard Penning traps, in this study, we consider a strong externally applied radial electric field which is of the same order as that of the space-charge field. In particular, the combination of coaxial geometry, strong radial electric fields, and electron collisions with the residual neutral gas (RNG) present in the chamber induce non-negligible radial particle transport and ionization. In this paper, the dynamics of the cloud density and currents resulting from electron–neutral collisions are studied using a 2D3V particle-in-cell code. Simulation results and parametric scans are hereby presented. Finally, a fluid model is derived to explain and predict the cloud peak density and peak radial current depending on the externally applied electric and magnetic fields, and on the RNG pressure.

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20

Trier, E., L. G. Eriksson, P. Hennequin, C. Fenzi, C. Bourdelle, G. Falchetto, X. Garbet, T. Aniel, F. Clairet, and R. Sabot. "Radial electric field measurement in a tokamak with magnetic field ripple." Nuclear Fusion 48, no. 9 (August 5, 2008): 092001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/48/9/092001.

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21

Lahazi, A., P. Khorshid, and M. Ghoranneviss. "The effect of limiter biasing on the plasma edge rotation and MHD activities." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 32 (January 2014): 1460332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194514603329.

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Plasma edge rotations and magnetohydrodynamic behaviors have been studied during radial electric field variations in IR-T1 tokamak. An external positive limiter bias has been used as an external radial electric field. The profiles of radial electric field, floating potential, poloidal and toroidal rotation velocities and MHD activities have been studied during positive limiter bias. The poloidal and toroidal velocities reduced when the bias was applied and their fluctuations on the plasma edge became smoother furthermore. A significant excitation in dominant mode (4, 1) oscillation amplitude and a sharp decrease in magnetic island rotation frequency have been seen.

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22

Guo, L., Yuan Yuan Li, Xiao Qiang Li, and Jun Yi Yang. "Numerical Analysis on Temperature Field of Axial Alternating Magnetic Field-Assisted Electric Field-Activated Sintering." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 702–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.702.

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The numerical simulation and experimental measurement of temperature distribution in electrical field activated sintering of titanium powders were carried out. The simulated and experimental results were in good agreement. It was shown that the sintering temperature gradually decreased from the center of sample to the outer. To improve the performance of sintered material, the sintering temperature gradient had to minimize. A method, electric field-activated sintering coupled with axial alternating magnetic field, was proposed to homogenize sintering temperature field. The simulation of sintering temperature field was also conducted under different magnetic field intensity. It was proved that the maximum radial sintering temperature difference in sample was reduced by about three fourths, owing to the skin effect of induced current caused by alternating magnetic field.

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23

Teplykh, A. A., B. D. Zaitsev, A. P. Semyonov, and I. A. Borodina. "An Acoustic Resonator with a Radial Exciting Electric Field." Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 85, no. 6 (June 2021): 670–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s106287382106023x.

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24

Marshall, E. M., R. F. Ellis, and J. E. Walsh. "Collisional drift instability in a variable radial electric field." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 28, no. 9B (September 1, 1986): 1461–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/28/9b/003.

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25

Rhodes, T. L., F. L. Hinton, K. H. Burrell, R. J. Groebner, W. A. Peebles, C. L. Rettig, and M. R. Wade. "Prompt radial electric field response to neutral beam injection." Nuclear Fusion 39, no. 8 (August 1999): 1051–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/39/8/309.

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26

Wei, Wei, Ding Bojiang, and Kuang Guangli. "Numerical Simulation of Modified Radial Electric Field by LHCD." Plasma Science and Technology 7, no. 2 (April 2005): 2723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1009-0630/7/2/007.

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27

Hahm, T. S., and W. M. Tang. "Influence of radial electric field on Alfvén‐type instabilities." Physics of Plasmas 1, no. 6 (June 1994): 2099–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870606.

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28

Peng, X. D., J. H. Zhang, Q. D. Gao, and Z. J. Han. "Radial electric field shear generation by drift-thermal turbulence." Physics of Plasmas 4, no. 7 (July 1997): 2763–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872146.

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29

Fukuyama, A., Y. Fuji, K. Itoh, and S. I. Itoh. "Transport modelling including radial electric field and plasma rotation." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 36, no. 7A (July 1, 1994): A159—A164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/36/7a/021.

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30

Novakovskii, S. V., C. S. Liu, R. Z. Sagdeev, and M. N. Rosenbluth. "The radial electric field dynamics in the neoclassical plasmas." Physics of Plasmas 4, no. 12 (December 1997): 4272–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872590.

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31

Tolmachev, Aleksey V., Errol W. Robinson, Si Wu, Richard D. Smith, and Ljiljana Paša-Toli. "Trapping Radial Electric Field Optimization in Compensated FTICR Cells." Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry 22, no. 8 (July 6, 2011): 1334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13361-011-0167-z.

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32

Psimopoulos, Michalis, and Sevim Tanriverdi. "Radial electric field in tokamaks as a relativistic effect." Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 13, no. 1 (February 2008): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2007.05.009.

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33

Cornelis, J., R. Sporken, G. van Oost, and R. R. Weynants. "Predicting the radial electric field imposed by externally driven radial currents in tokamaks." Nuclear Fusion 34, no. 2 (February 1994): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/34/2/i01.

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34

Crombé, K., Y. Andrew, T. M. Biewer, E. Blanco, P. C. de Vries, C. Giroud, N. C. Hawkes, et al. "Radial electric field in JET advanced tokamak scenarios with toroidal field ripple." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 51, no. 5 (February 26, 2009): 055005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/51/5/055005.

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35

Vermare, L., P. Hennequin, C. Honoré, M. Peret, G. Dif-Pradalier, X. Garbet, J. Gunn, et al. "Formation of the radial electric field profile in the WEST tokamak." Nuclear Fusion 62, no. 2 (December 16, 2021): 026002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac3c85.

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Abstract Sheared flows are known to reduce turbulent transport by decreasing the correlation length and/or intensity of turbulent structures. The transport barrier that takes place at the edge during improved regimes such as H mode, corresponds to the establishment of a large shear of the radial electric field. In this context, the radial shape of the radial electric field or more exactly of the perpendicular E × B velocity appears as a key element in accessing improved confinement regimes. In this paper, we present the radial profile of the perpendicular velocity measured using Doppler back-scattering system at the edge of the plasma, dominated by the E × B velocity, during the first campaigns of the WEST tokamak. It is found that the radial velocity profile is clearly more sheared in lower single null configuration (with the B × ∇B magnetic drift pointing toward the active X-point) than in upper single null configuration for ohmic and low current plasmas (B = 3.7 T and q 95 = 4.7), consistently with the expectation comparing respectively ‘favourable’ versus ‘unfavourable’ configuration. Interestingly, this tendency is sensitive to the plasma current and to the amount of additional heating power leading to plasma conditions in which the E × B velocity exhibits a deeper well in USN configuration. For example, while the velocity profile exhibits a clear and deep well just inside the separatrix concomitant with the formation of a density pedestal during L–H transitions observed in LSN configuration, deeper E r wells are observed in USN configuration during similar transitions with less pronounced density pedestal.

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36

Kaufman, Alexander A. "The electrical field in a borehole with a casing." GEOPHYSICS 55, no. 1 (January 1990): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442769.

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The electric field on the borehole axis in the presence of a casing can be divided into three zones: the near, intermediate, and far zones. Within the intermediate zone, determination of the second derivative of the potential allows me to define the formation resistivity. Outside the casing, the electric field, at large distances from the borehole, has a radial direction that provides a sufficient depth of investigation in this direction. The measurement requires knowledge of the casing conductance. Application of transmission line theory is based on the fact that the electric field in the formation is radial within the intermediate zone, resulting in the conclusion that the vertical resolution of such a measurement would depend only upon the spacing of the electrodes required to estimate the second derivative of the potential.

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37

Ding, Zijing, Jinlong Xie, Teck Neng Wong, and Rong Liu. "Dynamics of liquid films on vertical fibres in a radial electric field." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 752 (July 2, 2014): 66–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.321.

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AbstractThe long-wave behaviour of perfectly conducting liquid films flowing down a vertical fibre in a radial electric field was investigated by an asymptotic model. The validity of the asymptotic model was verified by the fully linearized problem, which showed that results were in good agreement in the long-wave region. The linear stability analysis indicated that, when the ratio (the radius of the outer cylindrical electrode over the radius of the liquid film) $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}\beta <e$, the electric field enhanced the long-wave instability; when $\beta >e$, the electric field impeded the long-wave instability; when $\beta =e$, the electric field did not affect the long-wave instability. The nonlinear evolution study of the asymptotic model compared well with the linear theory when $\beta <e$. However, when $\beta =e$, the nonlinear evolution study showed that the electric field enhanced the instability which may cause the interface to become singular. When $\beta >e$, the nonlinear evolution studies showed that the influence of the electric field on the nonlinear behaviour of the interface was complex. The electric field either enhanced or impeded the interfacial instability. In addition, an interesting phenomenon was observed by the nonlinear evolution study that the electric field may cause an oscillation in the amplitude of permanent waves when $\beta \ge e$. Further study on steady travelling waves was conducted to reveal the influence of electric field on the wave speed. Results showed that the electric field either increased or decreased the wave speed as well as the wave amplitude and flow rate. In some situations, the wave speed may increase/decrease while its amplitude decreased/increased as the strength of the external electric field increased.

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38

Teplykh, Andrey, Boris Zaitsev, Alexander Semyonov, and Irina Borodina. "The Radial Electric Field Excited Circular Disk Piezoceramic Acoustic Resonator and Its Properties." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 17, 2021): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020608.

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A new type of piezoceramic acoustic resonator in the form of a circular disk with a radial exciting electric field is presented. The advantage of this type of resonator is the localization of the electrodes at one end of the disk, which leaves the second end free for the contact of the piezoelectric material with the surrounding medium. This makes it possible to use such a resonator as a sensor base for analyzing the properties of this medium. The problem of exciting such a resonator by an electric field of a given frequency is solved using a two-dimensional finite element method. The method for solving the inverse problem for determining the characteristics of a piezomaterial from the broadband frequency dependence of the electrical impedance of a single resonator is proposed. The acoustic and electric field inside the resonator is calculated, and it is shown that this location of electrodes makes it possible to excite radial, flexural, and thickness extensional modes of disk oscillations. The dependences of the frequencies of parallel and series resonances, the quality factor, and the electromechanical coupling coefficient on the size of the electrodes and the gap between them are calculated.

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39

Zhang, Guangshuai, Jun Sun, Ping Wu, Meng Zhu, Zhimin Song, and Changhua Chen. "Radial oscillation of intense relativistic electron beam in low-magnetic-field foil-less diode." AIP Advances 12, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 045320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0086947.

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The radial oscillation of an intense relativistic electron beam possesses two main features of the spatial period and the radial oscillation amplitude in a low-magnetic-field foil-less diode, and the large radial oscillation extremely limits the beam–wave conversion efficiency and stability of a high-power microwave device. Thus, the formation mechanism of the radial oscillation is analyzed in detail. The results show that the radial oscillation of an electron beam consists of a great number of electrons with different Larmor radii and guiding centers, and the large radial oscillation is mainly caused by the strong radial electric field and the directional difference between the electric field and the magnetic field in the anode–cathode gap. A low diode voltage or a proper large anode radius is beneficial to improve the beam quality. Considering that cathode plasmas have a dominant effect on the spatial distribution of electrons, the explosive emission model was improved with cathode plasmas, and the consistency between simulation and experimental results becomes better.

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40

Zhu, Yan-Rong, and Zheng-Shi Chang. "Effects of pulse voltage rising edge on discharge evolution of He atmospheric pressure plasma jet in dielectric tube." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 2 (2022): 025202. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20210470.

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In this work, we employ pulse voltage to drive an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) in Helium, and consider mainly the evolution of discharge inside tube. Specifically, the effects of rising edge on the discharge evolution are studied through the simulation and experiment. The spatiotemporal evolution of electron density, ionization source, electron temperature and excited helium atom are evaluated. Besides, the mechanism affecting the rise time is analyzed by the parameters such as discharge current, sheath thickness and surface charge density distribution. In the considered cases, the ionization wave propagates to the ground electrode and downstream of the active electrode in the dielectric tube. The plasma with faster rising edge has larger electron temperature, discharge current, electron density and electric field strength. With the change of voltage rising edge, there occur two discharge modes: hollow mode and solid mode in dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) area. When the rising edge is of nanosecond and sub microsecond, it develops into hollow mode, and changes into solid mode after the rising edge has continued to increase. Both discharge modes are essentially affected by the sheath thickness, the electric field distribution, and the surface charge density inside the tube. When the sheath thickness is less than 1.8 mm, the plasma usually propagates in hollow mode, and when the sheath thickness is equal to 1.8 mm, the radial propagation range of the plasma is limited and changes into solid propagation. In the DBD region, when the electric field is mainly axial component, the plasma propagates in the mode at the beginning of discharge; inside the ground electrode, owing to the fact that the applied electric field is deviated from the radial direction, and that the positive charge deposited on the tube wall forms a radial self-built electric field, the strong radial electric field formed by the superposition of the two fields causes the discharge to propagate in hollow mode.

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41

Suhandi, Mr Andi, Mr Dadi Rusdiana, Mrs Ida Kaniawati, and Mr R. Mudjiarto. "MENENTUKAN BESAR MEDAN LISTRIK RADIAL PADA BERBAGAI JENIS KONDUKTOR YANG DIALIRI ARUS LISTRIK TETAP." Jurnal Pengajaran Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam 3, no. 1 (January 13, 2015): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18269/jpmipa.v3i1.376.

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A typical example in courses on electricity and magnetism is that of a conductor carrying a steady current. It is said that the electric field inside the conductor is parallel to the current and that there is no transverse (radial) component of the field. While this is reasonable assumption justified for pedagogical purposes, it is not rigorously true. In this paper, the transverse electrical field is calculated as being different from zero, but negligible from an experimental point of view. For various conductors, the transverse electrical field is a polynomial function from steady current.Keywords : Transverse electrical field, steady current, conductor

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42

Chkhartishvili, Levan, and Tamar Berberashvili. "Intra-Atomic Electric Field Radial Potentials in Step-Like Presentation." Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 02, no. 04 (2010): 205–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jemaa.2010.24029.

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43

OKAMOTO, Masao, Noriyoshi NAKAJIMA, Shinsuke SATAKE, and Weixing WANG. "Neoclassical Radial Electric Field in a Plasma with a Flow." Journal of Plasma and Fusion Research 78, no. 12 (2002): 1344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1585/jspf.78.1344.

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44

OKAMOTO, Masao, Noriyoshi NAKAJIMA, Shinsuke SATAKE, and Weixing WANG. "δf Simulation and the Radial Electric Field." Journal of Plasma and Fusion Research 78, no. 7 (2002): 611–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1585/jspf.78.611.

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45

Gerle, Christoph. "Stabilization of Fo/Vo/Ao by a radial electric field." BIOPHYSICS 7 (2011): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophysics.7.99.

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46

Liu, Lujia, Fang Li, Yongliang Xiong, and Mengqi Zhang. "Instability of coaxial viscoelastic jets under a radial electric field." European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids 92 (March 2022): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2021.10.013.

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47

Mishchenko, Alexey, and Ralf Kleiber. "Zonal flows in stellarators in an ambient radial electric field." Physics of Plasmas 19, no. 7 (July 2012): 072316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4737580.

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48

Field, A. R., G. Fussmann, and J. V. Hofmann. "Measurement of the radial electric field in the ASDEX tokamak." Nuclear Fusion 32, no. 7 (July 1992): 1191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/32/7/i09.

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49

Shaing, K. C. "Plasma flows and radial electric field in nonaxisymmetric toroidal plasmas." Physics of Fluids 29, no. 7 (1986): 2231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865561.

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50

Chiueh, T., P. W. Terry, P. H. Diamond, and J. E. Sedlak. "Effects of a radial electric field on tokamak edge turbulence." Physics of Fluids 29, no. 1 (1986): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865979.

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