Academic literature on the topic 'Rad's Grow with Guidance System'

Tyrosine kinase signaling pathways are essential for process outgrowth and guidance during nervous system development. We have examined the roles of tyrosine kinase activity in programming growth cone guidance decisions in an intact nervous system in which neurons can be individually identified. We applied the tyrosine kinase inhibitors herbimycin A and genistein to whole 40% grasshopper embryos placed in medium, or injected the inhibitors into intact grasshopper eggs. Both inhibitors caused interneuronal axons that normally would grow along the longitudinal connectives to instead leave the central nervous system (CNS) within the segmental nerve root and grow out toward the body wall muscles. In addition, herbimycin A produced pathfinding errors in which many longitudinal axons crossed the CNS midline. To study how this drug affected guidance decisions made by individual growth cones, we dye-filled the pCC interneuron, which normally extends an axon anteriorly along the ipsilateral longitudinal connective. In the presence of herbimycin A, the pCC growth cone was redirected across the anterior commissure. These phenotypes suggest that tyrosine kinase inhibition blocks a signaling mechanism that repels the growth cones of longitudinal connective neurons and prevents them from crossing the midline.

A fundamental feature of both early nervous system development and axon regeneration is the guidance of axonal projections to their targets in order to assemble neural circuits that control behavior. In the navigation process where the nerves grow toward their targets, the growth cones, which locate at the tips of axons, sense the environment surrounding them, including varies of attractive or repulsive molecular cues, then make directional decisions to adjust their navigation journey. The turning ability of a growth cone largely depends on its highly dynamic skeleton, where actin filaments and microtubules play a very important role in its motility. In this review, we summarize some possible mechanisms underlying growth cone motility, relevant molecular cues, and signaling pathways in axon guidance of previous studies and discuss some questions regarding directions for further studies.

The growth of pollen tubes is one of the most characteristic events in angiosperm reproduction. This article describes an activity for visualizing the journey and guidance of pollen tubes in the reproductive structures of a flowering plant. The activity uses a semi-in vivo system with rapid-cycling Brassica rapa, also known as Fast Plants. Isolated ovules were used to attract pollen tubes that were triggered to grow through explants of female flower parts. The activity provides insight into the in vivo situation of plant reproduction, appealing visual results, and the development of science process skills.

Wiring up the nervous system occurs as a self–organizing process during animal development. It has long been proposed that directional growth of axons towards their targets is achieved by gradients of guiding molecules and the conceptual framework of gradient guidance was introduced more than a decade ago. Novel experimental results now allow the formulation of models incorporating more mechanistic detail. We first summarize some crucial in vitro and in vivo results concerning the development of the chick retinotectal projection. We then review two recent theoretical models based on these findings (the models of Nakamoto and colleagues, and of Honda). Neither model considers the latest observation that putative guidance ligands, in addition to their tectal expression, are expressed in a similar pattern on the retina and that a disturbance of this expression affects topography. These findings suggest that retinal axons might grow into the tectum until they have reached a ligand concentration matching that of their site of origin. We call this the imprint–matching concept of retinotectal guidance. As a framework for pinpointing logical difficulties of the mechanistic description of the guidance process and to stimulate further experiments we finally suggest two extended versions of Honda's model implementing imprint matching, which we call ‘the variable set–point’ and ‘the gradient–sensitive adaptation’ model. Strengths and weaknesses of both mechanisms are discussed.

AbstractLatest technological advancement uncovered new social and entrepreneurial opportunities in fields like civil engineering and facility management. While most outdoor location challenges have been addressed in the past few years, with declassified military technologies such as Motion Imagery Standards Board and North Atlantic Treaty Organization Digital Motion Imagery Standard being integrated into solutions that enhance real-time emulation of surveillance video streams over digital maps, there is plenty of room for innovation when indoor location is considered. The market associated to indoor positioning is expected to significantly grow in the following decade since people spend more and more time indoors and promising advantages of such technologies have been identified in healthcare, retail, logistics and leisure. Yet, conventional indoor positioning systems mostly rely on costly and difficult to maintain infrastructure. Discordantly, the hereby paper is introducing an infrastructure free indoor positioning web application designed for routing people inside facilities and building evacuation scenarios. The proposed architecture is independent on external hardware or beacons, relying on a generic sensors framework that exposes the underlying capabilities of a mobile phone for data collection and internet connection for assessing current location and providing guidance in respect with an already known topography. Therefore, this design might be easily extended to various facilities, individualizing through no initial costs for sensors deployment and light resource consumption for the user, since data is not processed on a native application. Such flexibility is considered to optimize the navigation inside large public places and reduce the time required to find products, people or shops, offering the users more time for what matters.

The Islamic Boarding School KHA Wahid Hasyim Bangil, who continues to grow in the field of productive land that turned function into a non-productive land in the form of building construction to fulfill infrastructure facilities in the Islamic Boarding School. In addition, many areas of Islamic Boarding School that have been in paving, so that green land is getting narrower. Through community mentoring with community development approaches, the results of the mentoring process is able to maximize narrow and non productive land into productive land through Dutch Bucket System hydroponics in Islamic Boarding School KHA Wahid Hasyim. This mentoring is also beneficial for the Community assistance by in helping the students in the Islamic Boarding School has fights skills as part of the practice of economic independence, especially in the field of hydroponics with an approach Santripreneur training and counseling guidance.

We have demonstrated previously that the polysialic acid (PSA) moiety of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) can regulate peripheral nerve branching during development. In particular, it was found that specific enzymatic removal of PSA from motor axons causes them to form tight fascicles that are less responsive to normal guidance cues. In the present study, the role of PSA in the behavior of axons in the central nervous system has been examined through an analysis of chick optic axons during development. Unlike peripheral axons, which generally grow in a PSA-free environment, PSA was found to be present both on retinal ganglion cell axons and their environment in the tract and tectum. Furthermore, the enzymatic removal of PSA from the optic axons caused them to defasciculate in the tract/tectal region. This response was morphologically similar to targeting corrections made by these axons at a later stage when PSA levels have decreased, suggesting that the PSA may serve to shield them from responding prematurely to some guidance cues in their target region.

We have used a GAL4 enhancer-trap line driving the expression of a lacZ construct to examine the reorganisation of an identified group of proprioceptive sensory neurons during metamorphosis in Drosophila. The results show that whilst most larval sensory neurons degenerate during the first 24 hours of metamorphosis a segmentally repeated array of 6 neurons per segment persists into the adult stages to become functional adult neurons. These sensory neurons retain their axonal projections in the central nervous system intact and unchanged throughout. The adult sensory neuron axons enter the central nervous system at around 44 hours after puparium formation. Most of these axons grow along the pathways defined by the persistent larval sensory axons. The ordering of the adult sensory projections is, therefore, established upon the larval pattern of projections. The possibility that the larval neurons act as guidance cues for organising the ordered arrays of sensory neurons is discussed.

mAb DSS-8 binds to a 164-kD developmental stage-specific cell surface antigen in the nervous system of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana. The antigen is localized to different subsets of cells at various stages of development. The spatial and temporal distributions of DSS-8 binding were determined and are consistent with this antigen playing multiple roles in the development of the nervous system. Direct identification of some of these functions was made by perturbation experiments in which pioneer axon growth occurs in embryos that are cultured in vitro in the presence of mAb DSS-8 or its Fab fragment. Under these conditions the pioneer axons of the median fiber tract grow but follow altered pathways. In a smaller percentage of the ganglia, the immunoreagents additionally produce defasciculation of a subset of DSS-8 labeled axons. Therefore, direct roles for the DSS-8 antigen in both the guidance of pioneer axons and selective fasciculation have been demonstrated.

Cell surface proteins anchored to membranes via covalently attached glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) have been implicated in neuronal adhesion, promotion of neurite outgrowth and directed cell migration. Treatment of grasshopper embryos with bacterial phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), an enzyme that cleaves the GPI anchor, often induced disruptions in the highly stereotyped migrations of peripheral pioneer growth cones and afferent neuron cell bodies. In distal limb regions of embryos treated with PI-PLC at early stages of pioneer axon outgrowth, growth cones lost their proximal orientation toward the central nervous system (CNS) and turned distally. Pioneer growth cones in treated limbs also failed to make a characteristic ventral turn along the trochanter-coxa (Tr-Cx) segment boundary, and instead continued to grow proximally across the boundary. Treatment at an earlier stage of development caused pre-axonogenesis Cx1 neurons to abandon their normal circumferential migration and reorient toward the CNS. None of these abnormal phenotypes were observed in limbs of untreated embryos or embryos exposed to other phospholipases that do not release GPI-anchored proteins. Incubation of embryos with PI-PLC effectively removed immunoreactivity for fasciclin I, a GPI-anchored protein expressed on a subset of neuronal surfaces. These results suggest that cell surface GPI-anchored proteins are involved in pioneer growth cone guidance and in pre-axonogenesis migration of neurons in the grasshopper limb bud in vivo.

This thesis examines the question of what kind of guidance curriculum is suitable for primary schools in Hong Kong. The call for the development of guidance curriculum for primary school children in Hong Kong arises from the needs of students: their need for enhancement of their self-concept, and has been translated into guidance and educational policy documents, and structural and administrative changes in schools which allow more time for the development of guidance in primary schools. Given that the educational context of Hong Kong is "East meets West," the researcher posits that, in studying guidance in Hong Kong, both Eastern and Western traditions in guidance must be taken into consideration. The researcher further argues that a guidance curriculum that is suitable for the primary school children in Hong Kong should start by looking at the particular experiences, expectations and tensions that educators, guidance professionals, teachers, parents and children are facing in the competing and changing contexts of the Hong Kong society. These expectations and tensions are very much related to the colossal changes in Hong Kong and are reflections of various degrees of overlaps between "East" and "West", as well as "past" and "present". The researcher has drawn on literature concerning globalization as hybridization, the Chinese concept of yin-yang and the psychological processes at work when Western modernization meet with indigenous Chinese culture, to explain the dynamics of change in the Hong Kong context. This thesis develops a hybrid framework for studying such changes. The framework consists of open-ended questions designed by the researcher from the literature, an adaptation of Confucian's cardinal relationships and Lawton's model for curriculum development A qualitative case study method is used for this study. Data are drawn from the author's own experience in a two-week teaching attachment in a primary school, and interviews with guidance professionals, primary school principals, teachers and students in three selected primary schools in Hong Kong. A qualitative study is chosen so that the multiple realities of teaching guidance in schools can be understood in their naturalistic settings. The boundary of the case is Hong Kong with its implementation of Hong Kong versions of Radd's (1993) Grow with guidance system. Three out of the eight Grow with guidance system pilot schools are studied. The chosen schools differ in student composition, school type, and methods of implementation of the guidance curriculum. Data are obtained by individual interviews, the in-depth study of one case study school by the researcher as participant observer, and content analysis of guidance materials in the case study schools. Data by these three methods and from different stakeholders are triangulated, as information obtained is checked against each other. This study uses multiple forms of evidences and they persuade by reason. Being a qualitative case study, its purpose is to illuminate but not to generalize. The criteria for judging the success of this study depend on the richness and accuracy of data, as well as the coherence, insight and instrumental utility in presenting and reading the data. The researcher argues for a hybrid guidance curriculum for the primary schools in Hong Kong to suit the hybrid contexts in Hong Kong. Data obtained from content analysis and the case study schools show that the philosophical, sociological and psychological factors as well as the content, pedagogies, organization for teaching and practical arrangements of the guidance curricula are hybrid in the Hong Kong implementation of Radd's Grow with guidance system. The researcher concludes that a useful guidance curriculum for Hong Kong primary schools must first listen to the different voices of all stakeholders about the guidance curricula and their "self-other relationships", for those voices reflect their tensions and reality. Much of their voices are presented as stories following the Chinese storying traditions. Methods to help children to deal with tensions and conflicts at personal, school, home and societal levels include giving up self to follow others [chinese characters omitted, knowing self and others [chinese characters omitted], awareness of and accommodation of differences [chinese characters omitted]context analysis, communication using culturally and contextually appropriate ways and emotional management. This thesis contributes to knowledge by inventing the concept of "hybrid guidance curriculum" to suit the hybrid context of Hong Kong. A new hybrid research methodology is also developed in this thesis which enables the forming of new categories of "self-other relationships" and new hybrid key concepts for the guidance curriculum. As such, this study allows for the re-reading of new ideas and practices of traditions in a modern hybrid society. Moreover, it also highlights the importance of the development of a reflexive self in which one negotiates one's own positions and one's relationships with others. In a special case, this study examines the fundamental issue of adapting and integrating western traditions in a country with different culture and contexts. Research frontiers, home school co-operation and implications to teacher educators, practitioners and policy makers in the guidance fields are discussed. Although this research is basically about Hong Kong, the findings may also be relevant to other places in the world where modernization has taken place in the indigenous culture.

Democracy is struggling in America. Citizens increasingly feel cynical about our system and doubt they can influence public policy. Distrustful of other Americans and elected officials, some are even turning to authoritarian alternatives. Hyperpartisanship and recent contentious presidential elections have deepened political despair. While some citizens get swept up in optimism during campaign cycles, they often later find themselves frustrated with elected leaders as they wait for change. This book seeks to revive democracy by teaching citizens how to hope. Hope animates life in a democracy, moving citizens forward through new challenges, new ideas, and new experiments. The form of hope described in this book is more than just a campaign slogan or a self-help program, it is an informed call to citizen engagement that opens new possibilities for our country. Drawing on examples from life in America today and pragmatist philosophy, this book explains how schools can cultivate hope through our habits and how action in our communities can sustain hope. It shows how we can build trust, grow political agency, and shape an improved American identity through hoping together. This book provides guidance for learning how to hope in schools, universities, and civil society. It describes what hope is, why it matters to democracy, and how to teach it.

Disparities exist in the rate of incarceration of minorities, with substantial elevations occurring in African American, Latino, and Native populations. Cultural competence is an essential aspect of providing mental health care in any setting. An understanding of culture is even more important in correctional settings, as several unique factors may lead to conflict and misunderstanding if not adequately addressed. First, minority ethnic groups are vastly overrepresented in prisons and jails, so a familiarity with the predominant culture of those groups is necessary to engage inmates in treatment and diagnose them accurately. Second, mental health clinicians may be unfamiliar with law enforcement culture, which heavily influences the practices of corrections officers and differs significantly from health care culture. Third, many correctional psychiatrists grow up and train outside the United States, bringing their own cultural beliefs about crime and punishment into the American health care system. As the field of cultural psychiatry has developed, scholars have attempted to apply its principles to the correctional setting to deliver competent care in prisons and jails. These papers have provided guidance to correctional mental health clinicians on matters such as immigrant populations, language barriers, validity of psychological testing in different ethnic groups, stigma of mental illness in prison, religion’s role in coping with the stress of incarceration, and many others. This chapter reviews the evolution of cultural competence skills in correctional settings and current best practices in jails and prisons to optimize effective treatment outcomes.

Abstract In this paper, the design and performance differences between Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) and NoSQL Database Systems are examined, with attention to their applicability for real-world Internet of Things for manufacturing (IoTfM) data. While previous work has extensively compared SQL and NoSQL for both generalized and IoT uses, this work specifically examines the tradeoffs and performance differences for manufacturing applications by using a high-fidelity data set collected from a large US manufacturing firm. Growing an IoT system beyond the pilot stage requires scalable data storage; this work seeks to determine the impact of selected database systems on data write performance at scale. Payload size and message frequency were used as the primary characteristics to maintain model fidelity in simulated clients. As the number of simulated asset clients grow, the data write latency was calculated to determine how both database systems’ performance were affected. To isolate the RDBMS and NoSQL differences, a cloud environment was created using Amazon Web Services (AWS) with two identical data ingestion pipelines: writing data to an RDMBS (1) using AWS Aurora MySQL, and (2) using AWS DynamoDB NoSQL. The findings may provide guidance for further experimentation in large-scale manufacturing IoT implementations.