Academic literature on the topic 'Racism studies'

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Journal articles on the topic "Racism studies"

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Seikkula, Minna. "Adapting to post-racialism? Definitions of racism in non-governmental organization advocacy that mainstreams anti-racism." European Journal of Cultural Studies 22, no. 1 (August 11, 2017): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367549417718209.

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Scholarly discussions contesting post-racialism have noted how the false but common belief – that systematic racism has been defeated in Western societies – works to undermine anti-racism’s critical potential. Simultaneously, the discussion about the relativization of anti-racism has mainly been located in contexts with strong anti-racist traditions. By exploring anti-racism in the Finnish civil society, the article thematizes thinking around the post-racial modality of racism in a context where racism is often presented as a recent phenomenon. A discourse analysis of non-governmental organization advocacy materials that work to mainstream anti-racism identifies three parallel problem-definitions of racism, illustrating a tendency to understand racism as an individual flaw in a non-racist social reality. This shows that trivializing racism and recentring whiteness happen through classed and aged discourses.
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Morris, Aldon, and Vilna Bashi Treitler. "O ESTADO RACIAL DA UNIÃO: compreendendo raça e desigualdade racial nos Estados Unidos da América." Caderno CRH 32, no. 85 (June 7, 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v32i85.27828.

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<p>Este artigo investiga o papel da raça e do racismo nos Estados Unidos da América. Ele trata de raça como conceito, explorando, primordialmente, o motivo da existência de categorias raciais e da desigualdade racial. Também, nele, examinamos a atual situação da raça nos Estados Unidos ao expor suas manifestações sociais, econômicas e políticas. Após explorar a magnitude da desigualdade racial nos Estados Unidos, trabalhamos para desvendar os mecanismos que perpetuam e sustentam, tanto estrutural quanto culturalmente, as disparidades raciais. Em razão de ações e crenças racistas terem sempre sofrido resistências por parte dos movimentos sociais, atos coletivos, e resistência individual, nós analisamos a natureza e os resultados dos esforços da luta contra o racismo norte-americano. Concluímos com uma análise das perspectivas atuais relativas à transformação racial e das possibilidades para a emergência da igualdade racial. Assim, neste artigo, trazemos uma análise abrangente da situação atual das dinâmicas raciais nos Estados Unidos e das forças determinadas a combater o racismo. </p><p><strong>THE RACIAL STATE OF THE UNION: understanding race andr acial inequality in the United States of America </strong></p><p>This paper interrogates the role of race and racism in the United States of America. The paper grapples with race conceptually as it explores why racial categories and racial inequality exist in the first place. We also examine the current state of race in North America by laying bare it social, economic and political manifestations. After exploring the magnitude of racial inequality in the United States, we labor to unravel the mechanisms both structurally and culturally that perpetuates and sustains racial disparities. Because racist actions and beliefs have always been resisted by social movements, collection action, and resistance at the personal level, we assess the nature and outcomes of struggles to overthrow North American racism. We conclude by assessing the current prospects for racial transformation and the possibilities for the emergence of racial equality. Thus, in this paper, we provide an overarching analysis of the current state of racial dynamics in the United States and the forces determined to dismantle racism.</p><p>Key words: Race. Racism. Racial regimes. Black movements. Inequality.</p><p><strong>ÉTAT RACIAL DE L’UNION: comprendre la race et les inégalités raciales aux États-Unis d’Amérique </strong></p><p>Notre article évaluera le rôle de la race et du racisme en Amérique. Le document aborde conceptuellement la race en explorant pourquoi les catégories raciales et l’inégalité raciale existent en premier lieu. Le document passe à l’examen de l’état actuel de la race en Amérique en mettant à nu les manifestations sociales, économiques et politiques. Étant donné l’ampleur de l’inégalité raciale aux États-Unis, le document cherche à démêler les mécanismes à la fois structurels et culturels qui perpétuent et maintiennent les disparités raciales. Parce que le mouvement raciste a toujours été combattu en Amérique par des mouvements sociaux, des actions de collecte et de résistance au niveau personnel, le journal évaluera la nature et les résultats des luttes pour renverser le racisme américain. Ainsi, l’article fournira une analyse de l’état actuel de la dynamique raciale aux États-Unis ainsi que des forces déterminées à démanteler le racisme.</p><p>Mots-clés: Race. Racisme. Régimen racial. Movement nègre. Inegalité.</p><p> </p>
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Weaver, Simon. "Jokes, rhetoric and embodied racism: a rhetorical discourse analysis of the logics of racist jokes on the internet." Ethnicities 11, no. 4 (June 3, 2011): 413–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796811407755.

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This article outlines the racist rhetoric employed in anti-black jokes on five internet websites. It is argued that racist jokes can act as important rhetorical devices for serious racisms, and thus work in ways that can support racism in particular readings. By offering a rhetorical discourse analysis of jokes containing embodied racism – or the discursive remains of biological racism – it is shown that internet jokes express two key logics of racism. These logics are inclusion and exclusion. It is argued that inclusion usually inferiorizes and employs race stereotypes whereas exclusion often does not. The article expands this second category by highlighting exclusionary ‘black’ and ‘nigger’ jokes. These categories of non-stereotyped race or ethnic joking have been largely ignored in humour studies because of a reliance on a problematic and celebratory definition of the ethnic joke. Thus a wider definition of racist humour is offered.
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Eglinton, James. "Varia Americana and Race." Journal of Reformed Theology 11, no. 1-2 (2017): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697312-01101016.

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This article explores the place of African Americans in the account of Abraham Kuyper’s 1898 American séjour found in his untranslated text Varia Americana. Utilizing Wellman’s Portraits of White Racism, its working definition of racism includes both intentional and unintentional acts that support a prejudicial racial status quo. In that light, Kuyper’s text is read as intentionally critiquing American society as racist, while also unintentionally furthering the narrative that maintained the racism he wished to condemn. As such, the article aims to prompt more nuanced engagement with the ‘deep logic’ of Kuyper’s thought, in order to aid his later inheritors in their task of reading Kuyper against himself on the topic of race.
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Rice, Lincoln. "The Catholic Worker Movement and Racial Justice: A Precarious Relationship." Horizons 46, no. 1 (May 15, 2019): 53–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hor.2019.9.

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The Catholic Worker Movement, widely known for its critique of violence and capitalism in American culture, has largely neglected racism. This seems surprising because its urban houses of hospitality, staffed mostly by middle-class whites, provide material resources disproportionately to impoverished African Americans. The movement's embodiment as a white movement and the failure of its founders (Dorothy Day and Peter Maurin) to prioritize racial justice has impeded its ability to adequately confront racism. This article contrasts the ways in which racism was addressed by the founders with the way it was addressed by two prominent African American Catholic Workers. The article includes a new Catholic Worker narrative to explain the movement's relationship with racial justice and offer suggestions for ways the movement can mine its own rich resources to become an authentically anti-racist movement.
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Agudelo, Felipe I., and Natalie Olbrych. "It’s Not How You Say It, It’s What You Say: Ambient Digital Racism and Racial Narratives on Twitter." Social Media + Society 8, no. 3 (July 2022): 205630512211224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20563051221122441.

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Social media has been used to disseminate hate speech and racism. Racist opinions can be disguised through a language that may appear to be harmless; however, it can be part of a racist rhetoric toward communities of color. This type of racist communication is called Ambient Digital Racism (ADR). Through a thematic analysis, this project sought to identify and analyze social media racist discourses on Twitter in the context of George Floyd’s death. This research examined original tweets posted during the time of the protests using three known counter Black Lives Matter (BLM) hashtags, namely, #WhiteLivesMatter, #BlueLivesMatter, and #AllLivesMatter. After the analysis, two themes emerged, namely, the discourse of oppressor’s reverse racism and the social criminalization of BLM. These themes described the narratives used by these groups to develop a racist digital discourse that goes unnoticed by social media regulations and policies and that leaves an open space to negotiate what constitutes acceptable race talk and what constitutes a racist discourse. It was found that both themes were grounded on White victimization, color-blind racism, and the dehumanization of BLM as a social and racial justice movement.
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Goff, Phillip Atiba, and Kimberly Barsamian Kahn. "HOW PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE IMPEDES INTERSECTIONAL THINKING." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 10, no. 2 (2013): 365–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x13000313.

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AbstractPsychological science that examines racial and gender bias, primarily located within social psychology, has tended to discount the ways in which race and gender mutually construct each other. Lay conceptions of racial and gender discrimination tend to see racism as primarily afflicting men and sexism primarily afflicting White women, when in fact race and gender are interrelated and work together intersectionally. Ignoring women's experiences of racial discrimination produces androcentric conceptions of racisms—in other words, many definitions of racial discrimination are to some degree sexist (Goff et al., 2008). Similarly, privileging the experiences of White women produces narrow definitions of gender discrimination—in other words, many definitions of gender discrimination are to some degree racist, such that they serve to reinforce the current societal hierarchies. Psychological science sometimes appears to reflect such conceptions. The result is that the social science principally responsible for explaining individual-level biases has developed a body of research that can undervalue the experiences of non-White women (Goff et al., 2008). This article examines features of social psychological science and its research processes to answer a question suggested by this framing: is the current psychological understanding of racism, to some extent, sexist and the understanding of sexism, to some extent, racist? We argue here that the instruments that much of social psychological science uses to measure racial and gender discrimination may play a role in producing inaccurate understandings of racial and gender discrimination. We also present original experimental data to suggest that lay conceptions parallel social psychology's biases: with lay persons also assuming that racism is about Black men and sexism is about White women.2 Finally, we provide some suggestions to increase the inclusivity of psychology's study of discrimination as well as reasons for optimism in this area.
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Siapera, Eugenia, and Paloma Viejo-Otero. "Governing Hate: Facebook and Digital Racism." Television & New Media 22, no. 2 (January 22, 2021): 112–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527476420982232.

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This article is concerned with identifying the ideological and techno-material parameters that inform Facebook’s approach to racism and racist contents. The analysis aims to contribute to studies of digital racism by showing Facebook’s ideological position on racism and identifying its implications. To understand Facebook’s approach to racism, the article deconstructs its governance structures, locating racism as a sub-category of hate speech. The key findings show that Facebook adopts a post-racial, race-blind approach that does not consider history and material differences, while its main focus is on enforcement, data, and efficiency. In making sense of these findings, we argue that Facebook’s content governance turns hate speech from a question of ethics, politics, and justice into a technical and logistical problem. Secondly, it socializes users into developing behaviors/contents that adapt to race-blindness, leading to the circulation of a kind of flexible racism. Finally, it spreads this approach from Silicon Valley to the rest of the world.
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Nichols, Brian J. "Bodily Contraction Arises with Dukkha: Embodied Learning to Foster Racial Healing." Religions 12, no. 12 (December 16, 2021): 1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12121108.

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Black somatic therapist Resmaa Menakem has persuasively argued that racism exist in our bodies more than our heads and that racial healing requires learning to become mindful of our embodied states. The reason that racism remains prevalent despite decades of anti-racist education and the work of diversity and inclusion programs, according to Menakem, is that racist reactions that shun, harm, and kill black bodies are programmed into white, black, and police bodies. The first step in racial healing, from this point of view, is to shift the focus from cognitive solutions to an embodied solution, namely, embodied composure in the face of stressful situations that enables everyone to act more skillfully. Similar to how racial healing has been hampered by a misguided overemphasis on cognitive interventions, might our teaching be analogously encumbered by lack of attention to the bodies of teacher and students? In this article, I emphasize the value of cultivating body awareness in the classroom. I introduce an embodied exercise that teaches students to recognize embodied clues of the experience of dukkha, the first āryasatya. Through such exercises, students take a step towards acting more skillfully and intentionally in stressful situations.
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Rabinovich, Tatiana. "Becoming “Black” and Muslim in Today’s Russia." Meridians 20, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 396–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15366936-9547943.

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Abstract Global anti-Muslim racism takes new and specific forms in contemporary Russia by mobilizing the shifting meanings of “Blackness” to stigmatize vulnerable populations. Stemming from the tsarist and Soviet pasts, these meanings of “Blackness” (and “whiteness”) have been refracted by the dramatic socioeconomic and political shifts since the collapse of the Soviet Union. This article draws on the accounts of working-class devout Muslim women, with whom the author conducted ethnographic fieldwork in Saint Petersburg between 2015 and 2017, to elucidate their experiences of how anti-Muslim racism operates as a tool of exclusion, deployed along racial, religious, ethnic, class, and gender lines. The women’s daily responses to anti-Muslim racism suggest how solidarities might sustain communities targeted by racism, while laying the foundations for future intersectional anti-racist movements in the country.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Racism studies"

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Mootoo, Alexis Nicole. "Structural Racism: Racists without Racism in Liberal Institutions within Colorblind States." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6909.

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Afro-Descendants suffer sustained discrimination and invisibility that is proliferated with policies that were once blatantly racist, but are now furtive. This study argues that structural racism is alive and well in liberal institutions such as publicly funded colleges and universities. Thus, structural racism is subtly replicated and reproduced within these institutions and by institutional agents who are Racist without Racism. This study builds on theories from Pierre Bourdieu, Frantz Fanon, Glen Loury and Eduardo Bonilla-Silva. The juxtaposition of their theoretical arguments provides a deeper insight into how structural racism becomes a de facto reflexive phenomenon in liberal and progressive institutions such as universities, which are heralded as the epitome of racism-free spaces in colorblind states. Inspired by Lieberman’s nested mixed methods approach, the study examines Afro-Descendants’ sustained discrimination and invisibility in publicly funded universities in New York City and the city of São Paulo. The success of race-based affirmative action is examined quantitatively in New York City and São Paulo. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with Afro-Descendant professors, students and administrators in New York City and São Paulo’s publicly funded liberal university systems. These interviews are conducted to (1) understand the respondents’ experiences in their respective liberal spaces as racial minorities; and (2) determine whether they have benefited or been harmed by a public policy designed to ameliorate their inferior positions. Overall, findings from this study suggest that structural racism exists and persists in New York City and São Paulo. Moreover, Afro-Descendant participants in both cities acknowledge and experience structural racism within their respective liberal university systems.
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Crabtree, Michael F. "Strategies against racism." Thesis, Aston University, 1988. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10833/.

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The thesis compares two contrasting strategies employed with the aim of combating particular forms of racism within contemporary Britain. Both are assessed as political strategies in their own right and placed within the broader context of reformist and revolutionary political traditions. The sociology of social movements is examined critically, as are Marxist and post-Marxist writings on the role of human agency within social structures and on the nature of social movements. The history of the Anti Nazi League (ANL) in the late 1970s and its opposition to the National Front is considered as an example of anti-racist social movement based on the Trotskyist model of the United Front. The degree to which the Anti Nazi League corresponded to such a model is analysed as are the potential broader applications for such a strategy. The strategy with which the ANL is compared is the development of anti-racist and equal opportunities policies within local government in the 1980s, primarily by Labour-controlled local authorities. The theory of the local state and the political phenomenon of municipal socialism are discussed, specifically the role of various groups operating in and around local authorities in the formation and implementation of anti-racist policy and practice. Following this general discussion, two case studies in each of the areas of local authority housing, education and employment are explored to consider in depth the problems of specific anti-racist policies. In summation the efficacy of the two strategies are considered as parts of wider political currents in tandem with their declared specific objectives.
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Lyons, Bobbie Alexander. "Racism, Sexism and Ageism in America." W&M ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625704.

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Cremer, Douglas J. "Toward an Anti-Racist Theology: American Racism and Catholic Social Thought." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2020. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/924.

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In the writings of the Vatican, the United States and Latin American bishops, and various theologians since the 1950s, Catholic social thought has generally failed to understand the pernicious depth of the system of racial classification, discrimination, and violence in the Americas. Catholic social thought still sees racism as based on the pre-existing, valid category of "race," requiring individual conversion and social effort. What is required instead is seeing the very concept of " race" as what must be rejected as the product of a racist ideology of politico-economic oppression and developing an anti-racist theological response that overcomes and eliminates this deadly ideology. It involves a re-imagining of the Imago Dei as the image of Jesus on the cross, of Mary and the women at the foot of the cross, as a direct confrontation with the principalities and powers that are invested in racist ideology, where the human and divine are connected through the cross and affirmed in the resurrection. It invokes a re-imagining of Laudato Si' as an anti-racist teaching, using many of the same ideas Pope Francis uses for his integral ecology to overcome the racist ideology that is inextricably tied up with modern capitalism and environmental despoliation.
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Johansson, Sandra. "The involuntary racist : A study on white racism evasiveness amongst social movements activists in Madrid, Spain." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138364.

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This study explores how white social movement activists in Madrid, Spain, relate to race and racism, a previously unexamined issue in the Spanish context. The study is based upon qualitative semi-structured interviews and analytically framed within critical whiteness studies. The first part of the study focuses on how the interviewed activists understand race, whiteness and racism at a conceptual level. The second part analyses three dominant discourses that the white activists employ to make sense of race and racism in the specific context of social movements. The findings indicate an important gap between the two and show that when referring to social movements, all activists engage in racism evasiveness, allowing them to reproduce a sincere fiction of the white self as a "good" and "non-racist" person. The study moreover discusses how the three discourses may influence the way in which anti-racist work can be framed and despite some differences, they all present serious limitations in terms of challenging both internal and external racial power relations.
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Couch, Christina (Christina Stewart). "Life after hate : recovering from racism." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101359.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Comparative Media Studies, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 25-30).
Life After Hate is a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping white supremacists transition out of the extremist lifestyle and to helping those outside the supremacist community understand how these groups work. Founded by ex-supremacists, the group is one of the only organizations in the country dedicated to helping those involved in the white power movement recover from racism. This thesis follows the stories of Life After Hate members and explores the science behind both everyday and organized hate. Touching on neuroscience, psychology and criminology, this thesis addresses the mechanisms that give rise to overt racists as well as those that contribute to systemic discrimination.
by Christina Couch.
S.M.
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Wehrer, Margaret Mary Burdick John. "Race and racism in women-dominated progressive organizations." Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Munoz, Brianna. "Racism in American Foreign Policy and Racial Bias in Conflict Intervention." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1971.

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The purpose of this thesis was to take a deep look into the history of race in American foreign policy in two White House administrations. The presidencies of Dwight D. Eisenhower and Bill Clinton were examined in which the influence of racism in domestic politics was demonstrated as a factor which shaped, and continues to shape, U.S. foreign policy. The research found that 1) segregation, 2) the concept of “primitiveness” formed due to the history between black and white nation-states and 3) the idea of “the other” used by the media and political elite are three manifestations of the consideration of race in Eisenhower’s foreign policy, particularly with respect to Ethiopia. The research also found that 1) American discomfort with white suffering, 2) the normalization of violence in black countries and usage of the term “tribalism,” and 3) the significance of ethno-racial identity all demonstrate the role of race in Clinton’s foreign policy which resulted in the disproportionate political prioritization of the Western Balkans over Rwanda.
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Williams, Nicole V. "Racial Identity Development in Prospective Teachers: Making Sense of Encounters with Racism." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1280329565.

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Pendakur, Vijay. "Asian American college students| Making racial meaning in an era of color-blind racism." Thesis, DePaul University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3584790.

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Since the end of the Civil Rights era, a new paradigm has emerged for understanding race and racism in American society. This neoliberal hegemonic discourse argues that systemic racism ended with the abolishment of formal, juridical racism and that any continued investment in race is both unnecessary and deeply problematic. Critical race theorists have named this framework color-blind racism. In recent years, color-blind racist discourse has been repackaged under a "post-race" label and the election of America's first non-White president has only served to bolster notions that America might have somehow transcended race.

For college students, the undergraduate years are often a time of great intellectual, emotional, and spiritual upheaval and this instability makes college a prime site for examining individuals' meaning-making and identity formation processes. Students of color are no exception to this overall phenomenon and the literature on racial identity development speaks to the dramatic changes in self-concept that individuals of color often experience while attending college. One group of students of color, Asian American college students, are deeply understudied and there is little scholarly writing on Asian American college students' racial identity development process.

This dissertation is a qualitative study of the effects of color-blind racism on the racial identity meaning-making of Asian American college freshmen. Using a narrative inquiry methodology, the author conducted lengthy in-person interviews with nine participants. The emergent themes from the study indicate that the participants' racial meaning-making process was heavily laden with elements of the ethnicity paradigm of race, color-blind racist tropes, and Asian American racial tropes. The study results suggest that these participants' hold little in the way of racial identity consciousness, as Asian Americans, and that their heavy investment in ethnic identity works to support a color-blind racial frame. Furthermore, elements of color-blind racism and Asian American racial formation appear to interlock in unique ways to produce complicity with the logic of color-blind racism and support for key elements of White racial hegemony. Further research is needed on the effects of color-blind racism on the identity development of college students broadly, and on Asian American students specifically.

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Books on the topic "Racism studies"

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Routes of racism: The social basis of racist action. Stoke-on-Trent: Trentham Books, 1996.

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Racism, culture, markets. London: Routledge, 1994.

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Sanders, Pete. Racism. Brookfield, Conn: Copper Beech Books, 1995.

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Racisms: An introduction. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2010.

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Alleyne, Mark D. Anti-racism and multiculturalism: Studies in international communication. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 2010.

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Law, Ian. Red racisms: Racism in communist and post-communist contexts. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

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1931-, Henry Frances, and Mattis Winston, eds. Challenging racism in the arts: Case studies of controversy and conflict. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998.

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Martin, Bulmer, and Solomos John, eds. Researching race and racism. London: Routledge, 2004.

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Kleg, Milton. Hate, prejudice, and racism. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993.

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Being white: Stories of race and racism. New York, N.Y: Routledge, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Racism studies"

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Han, C. Winter. "Gay racism." In Introducing the New Sexuality Studies, 233–43. 4th ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003163329-30.

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Essed, Philomena. "Everyday Racism." In A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 202–16. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/b.9780631206163.2002.00020.x.

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Hazard, Anthony Q. "Science and Politics: UNESCO Studies “Race”." In Postwar Anti-racism, 35–62. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137003843_3.

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van Dijk, Teun A. "Discourse and Racism." In A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 145–59. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/b.9780631206163.2002.00017.x.

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Solomos, John, and Liza Schuster. "Racism, Politics, and Mobilization." In A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 304–18. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/b.9780631206163.2002.00026.x.

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Cho, Sumi K., Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, and Leslie McCall. "Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies." In Theories of Race and Racism, 614–24. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003276630-45.

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Reed, Wornie. "Framing the Discussion of Racism." In Africana Cultures and Policy Studies, 55–69. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230622098_4.

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King, LaGarrett J., and Prentice T. Chandler. "From Non-racism to Anti-racism in Social Studies Teacher Education: Social Studies and Racial Pedagogical Content Knowledge." In Rethinking Social Studies Teacher Education in the Twenty-First Century, 3–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22939-3_1.

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Hanchard, Michael G. "Black Transnationalism, Africana Studies, and the 21st Century." In Theories of Race and Racism, 724–32. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003276630-54.

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Back, Les. "The New Technologies of Racism." In A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 365–77. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/b.9780631206163.2002.00032.x.

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Conference papers on the topic "Racism studies"

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Cansinos, Antonio. "Class and State: The Rise of State Racism through Nationalism." In World Conference on Social Sciences Studies. Acavent, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/3sconf.2021.03.100.

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Villavicencio, Adriana. "Disrupting Racism in Schools: Case Studies of a Racial Justice Program in Two Elementary Schools." In 2021 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1684043.

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Kusumawardani, Vidya, and Dodi Faedlulloh. "George Floyd’s and Racism Issue as Political Agenda in U.S Presidential Election as Depicted on Digital Media." In 2nd International Indonesia Conference on Interdisciplinary Studies (IICIS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211206.027.

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Villarreal, Christina. "Teaching Race and Racism Through "Very Dangerous Times": Portraits of Pedagogical Moves in Social Studies Classrooms." In 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1585861.

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Young, Jemimah. "The Taxonomy of Online Racism for Critical Race Media Literacy: Applications for Social Studies Education Research and Practice." In 2022 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1893494.

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Possoly da Silva Alves, Daianne, Franciele Therezinha Magno Calidoni, Mariana Sales de Oliveira, Thaís Araújo de Azevedo, Thalissa Bastos Batista, Rafaela Pinheiro de Almeida Neves, and Edson Ribeiro de Andrade. "The psychosocial impacts of remote education on black youth: an intersectional debate on the COVID-19 pandemic, gender, race and class." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Perspectivas Online: Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8876113220212452.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has moved scientists from different areas of knowledge worldwide to bring reflections on the impacts caused by it, whose scope goes beyond human health in its physical and psychological aspects and affects the economy, politics, social relations at work, the educational system, etc. Therefore, this project, promoted by the Laboratory for the Study of Stigmatization Processes (LEPE) in partnership with the Racism Studies Line (LER) of the Psychology Course of the Higher Education Institutes at CENSA -ISECENSA, aims to promote the debate on the psychosocial effects of remote education on black youth, through an intersectional analysis between Covid-19 pandemic, gender, race and class. The objective of this research is to understand the ways in which black youth was affected in the psychosocial dimension with the establishment of remote education in the public state network with the Covid-19 pandemic. This is an exploratory research, in which a bibliographic review will be carried out to support the researchers' views on the proposed theme, using books and scientific articles on social psychology, remote education in the Covid-19 pandemic, racism and intersectionality. Besides field research, using the semi-structured interview technique. We intend to conduct group interviews, through Google Meet, with black students graduating from Liceu de Humanidades de Campos high school and from other public schools.. We hope to foster the discussion on structural racism that affects the Brazilian society focusing on the psychosocial vulnerability of black youth in the face of remote education established by the Covid-19 pandemic, and, finally, to publish two scientific articles in “Revista Perspectivas Online” with the obtained results
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Trinh, Loc, and Yan Liu. "An Examination of Fairness of AI Models for Deepfake Detection." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/79.

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Recent studies have demonstrated that deep learning models can discriminate based on protected classes like race and gender. In this work, we evaluate bias present in deepfake datasets and detection models across protected subgroups. Using facial datasets balanced by race and gender, we examine three popular deepfake detectors and find large disparities in predictive performances across races, with up to 10.7% difference in error rate between subgroups. A closer look reveals that the widely used FaceForensics++ dataset is overwhelmingly composed of Caucasian subjects, with the majority being female Caucasians. Our investigation of the racial distribution of deepfakes reveals that the methods used to create deepfakes as positive training signals tend to produce ``irregular" faces - when a person’s face is swapped onto another person of a different race or gender. This causes detectors to learn spurious correlations between the foreground faces and fakeness. Moreover, when detectors are trained with the Blended Image (BI) dataset from Face X-Rays, we find that those detectors develop systematic discrimination towards certain racial subgroups, primarily female Asians.
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Bratanović, Edita. "Development Of Female Identity In A Complex Racial And Social Framework In Toni Morrison’s Novels:The Bluest Eye And Sula." In Global Conference on Women’s Studies. Acavent, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/womensconf.2020.12.125.

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Kalyan, G. P. S., and D. V. V. Prasad. "Optimal selection of Dynamic Routing Protocol with real time case studies." In 2012 International Conference on Recent Advances in Computing and Software Systems (RACSS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/racss.2012.6212727.

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Goncharova, Olena. "ANCIENT ROME ENTERTAINMENTS IN THE CULTURAL STUDIES DISCOURSE: CHARIOT RACING." In Relevant Trends of Scientific Research in the Countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-002-5-19.

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Reports on the topic "Racism studies"

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Ben, Jehonathan, Amanuel Elias, Rachel Sharples, Kevin Dunn, Craig McGarty, Mandy Truong, Fethi Mansouri, Nida Denson, Jessica Walton, and Yin Paradies. Identifying and filling racism data gaps in Victoria: A stocktake review. Centre for Resilient and Inclusive Societies, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56311/mqvn2911.

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Despite Australia’s and Victoria’s stated commitment to promoting multiculturalism and equality, and to eradicating racism, our knowledge about the nature, extent and impact of different forms of racism on diverse populations is not as well-developed as it should be. Stakeholders addressing racism increasingly recognise that anti-racism initiatives must rely on robust scholarly evidence and high-quality data. Yet existing data have serious limitations. We report on a stocktake review of racism data collected nationally in Australia and with a specific focus on Victoria. We provide a comprehensive overview, summary and synthesis of quantitative data on racism, identify gaps in racism data collection, analysis and uses, and make recommendations on bridging those data gaps and informing anti-racism action and policy. Overall, the review examines data collected by 42 survey-based, quantitative studies, discussed in over 120 publications and study materials, and 13 ongoing data collection initiatives, platforms and projects. Based on the review, we identified eight gaps to racism data collection and analysis and to collection methodologies. We recommend four interconnected ways to fill racism data gaps for anti-racism researchers, organisations and policymakers: 1) Further analyse existing data to address critical questions about racism; 2) Collect and analyse additional data; 3) Enhance data availability and integration; and 4) Improve policies that relate to the collection, analysis, reporting and overall management of racism data.
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Osanami Törngren, Sayaka, and Marcus Nyström. Are Swedes really racially color-blind? Examination of racial ascription and degree of Swedishness. Malmö University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178772735.

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This is one of the first studies in Sweden testing the notion of racial color-blindness empirically in a Swedish context, by asking a sample of Swedish participants to assign race to images of faces with different phenotypes, rate how ‘Swedish’ the faces are perceived (referred to the degree of ‘Swedishness’) and identify the skin color of the faces (through the NIS skincolor scale). We also use eye-tracking to explore whether participants look differently at faces of different racial groups. The results show that skin-color is a decisive factor in the racial ascription as Black, while skin color is not determinant of the degree of Swedishness. What determines the degree of Swedishness is the racial assignment itself, in other words, how individuals perceive and categorize phenotypes into different racial groups. We conclude that Swedes are not truly racially color-blind and race does indeed matter in Sweden.
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Yarabarla, Varun, Amrutha Mylarapu, and Meghan Lane-Fall. Determining the Impact of Gender and Racial Inequality on Diversity within Academic Anesthesiology and Surgery. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0129.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to determine the method of assignment of gender, race, ethnicity in studies of inequalities within academic anesthesiology and surgery Rationale: We are hoping to highlight the variability in gender, race, and ethnicity assignment in studies of professional diversity for the purposes of characterizing the strength of the evidence of such studies. Study designs to be included: Any original research including case series, cohorts, systematic reviews, etc. (Does not including commentary).
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Frisancho, Veronica, Evi Pappa, and Chiara Santantonio. When Women Win: Can Female Representation Decrease Gender-Based Violence? Inter-American Development Bank, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004513.

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Every day, three women are murdered in the United States by a current or former partner. Yet policy action to prevent gender-based violence has been limited. Previous studies have highlighted the effect of female political representation on crimes against women in the developing world. This paper investigates whether the election of a female politician reduces the incidence of gender-based violence in the United States. Using a regression discontinuity design on mixed-gender races, we find that the election of a female House Representative leads to a short-lived decline in the prevalence of femicides in her electoral district. The drop in femicides is mainly driven by a deterrence effect that results from higher police responsiveness and effort in solving gender-related crimes.
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Jefferson, Brian. Reviewing Information Technology, Surveillance, and Race in the US. Just Tech, Social Science Research Council, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/jt.3033.d.2022.

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The past decade has been marked by a growing awareness of the potential harms of personal computing. This recent development was spurred by a surge of news reports, films, and studies on the unforeseen side effects of constantly using networked devices. As a result, the public has become increasingly aware of the cognitive, ideological, and psychological effects associated with the constant use of personal computing devices. Alongside these revelations, a growing chorus of activists, journalists, organizers, and scholars have turned attention to surveillance technology-related matters of a different kind—those related to the carceral state and border patrol. These efforts have sparked a shift in the public consciousness, from individual experiences of technology users to how technology is used to maintain social divisions. These studies show how the explosion of network devices not only changes society but also maintains longstanding divisions between social groups. This field review highlights key concepts and discussions on information technology, surveillance, carceral governance, and border patrol. Specifically, it explores the evolution of information communication technology and racial surveillance from the late nineteenth century until the present. The review concludes by exploring avenues for bringing these conversations into a transnational dialogue on surveillance, technology, and social inequality moving forward.
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Joel, Daniel M., Steven J. Knapp, and Yaakov Tadmor. Genomic Approaches for Understanding Virulence and Resistance in the Sunflower-Orobanche Host-Parasite Interaction. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7592655.bard.

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Oroginal Objectives: (i) identify DNA markers linked to the avirulence (Avr) locus and locate the Avr locus through genetic mapping with an inter-race Orobanche cumana population; (ii) develop high-throughput fingerprint DNA markers for genotypingO. cumana races; (iii) identify nucleotide binding domain leucine rich repeat (NB-LRR) genes encoding R proteins conferring resistance to O. cumana in sunflower; (iv) increase the resolution of the chromosomal segment harboring Or₅ and related R genes through genetic and physical mapping in previously and newly developed mapping populations of sunflower; and (v) develop high-throughput DNA markers for rapidly and efficiently identifying and transferring sunflower R genes through marker-assisted selection. Revisions made during the course of project: Following changes in O. cumana race distribution in Israel, the newly arrived virulent race H was chosen for further analysis. HA412-HO, which was primarily chosen as a susceptible sunflower cultivar, was more resistant to the new parasite populations than var. Shemesh, thus we shifted sunflower research into analyzing the resistance of HA412-HO. We exceeded the deliverables for Objectives #3-5 by securing funding for complete physical and high-density genetic mapping of the sunflower genome, in addition to producing a complete draft sequence of the sunflower genome. We discovered limited diversity between the parents of the O. cumana population developed for the mapping study. Hence, the developed DNA marker resources were insufficient to support genetic map construction. This objective was beyond the scale and scope of the funding. This objective is challenging enough to be the entire focus of follow up studies. Background to the topic: O. cumana, an obligate parasitic weed, is one of the most economically important and damaging diseases of sunflower, causes significant yield losses in susceptible genotypes, and threatens production in Israel and many other countries. Breeding for resistance has been crucial for protecting sunflower from O. cumana, and problematic because new races of the pathogen continually emerge, necessitating discovery and deployment of new R genes. The process is challenging because of the uncertainty in identifying races in a genetically diverse parasite. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: We developed a small collection of SSR markers for genetic mapping in O. cumana and completed a diversity study to lay the ground for objective #1. Because DNA sequencing and SNPgenotyping technology dramatically advanced during the course of the study, we recommend shifting future work to SNP discovery and mapping using array-based approaches, instead of SSR markers. We completed a pilot study using a 96-SNP array, but it was not large enough to support genetic mapping in O.cumana. The development of further SNPs was beyond the scope of the grant. However, the collection of SSR markers was ideal for genetic diversity analysis, which indicated that O. cumanapopulations in Israel considerably differ frompopulations in other Mediterranean countries. We supplied physical and genetic mapping resources for identifying R-genes in sunflower responsible for resistance to O. cumana. Several thousand mapped SNP markers and a complete draft of the sunflower genome sequence are powerful tools for identifying additional candidate genes and understanding the genomic architecture of O. cumana-resistanceanddisease-resistance genes. Implications: The OrobancheSSR markers have utility in sunflower breeding and genetics programs, as well as a tool for understanding the heterogeneity of races in the field and for geographically mapping of pathotypes.The segregating populations of both Orobanche and sunflower hybrids are now available for QTL analyses.
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Lumpkin, Shamsie, Isaac Parrish, Austin Terrell, and Dwayne Accardo. Pain Control: Opioid vs. Nonopioid Analgesia During the Immediate Postoperative Period. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0008.

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Background Opioid analgesia has become the mainstay for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. However, the use of opioid medications comes with significant risks and side effects. Due to increasing numbers of prescriptions to those with chronic pain, opioid medications have become more expensive while becoming less effective due to the buildup of patient tolerance. The idea of opioid-free analgesic techniques has rarely been breached in many hospitals. Emerging research has shown that opioid-sparing approaches have resulted in lower reported pain scores across the board, as well as significant cost reductions to hospitals and insurance agencies. In addition to providing adequate pain relief, the predicted cost burden of an opioid-free or opioid-sparing approach is significantly less than traditional methods. Methods The following groups were considered in our inclusion criteria: those who speak the English language, all races and ethnicities, male or female, home medications, those who are at least 18 years of age and able to provide written informed consent, those undergoing inpatient or same-day surgical procedures. In addition, our scoping review includes the following exclusion criteria: those who are non-English speaking, those who are less than 18 years of age, those who are not undergoing surgical procedures while admitted, those who are unable to provide numeric pain score due to clinical status, those who are unable to provide written informed consent, and those who decline participation in the study. Data was extracted by one reviewer and verified by the remaining two group members. Extraction was divided as equally as possible among the 11 listed references. Discrepancies in data extraction were discussed between the article reviewer, project editor, and group leader. Results We identified nine primary sources addressing the use of ketamine as an alternative to opioid analgesia and post-operative pain control. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between perioperative ketamine administration and postoperative pain control. While this information provides insight on opioid-free analgesia, it also revealed the limited amount of research conducted in this area of practice. The strategies for several of the clinical trials limited ketamine administration to a small niche of patients. The included studies provided evidence for lower pain scores, reductions in opioid consumption, and better patient outcomes. Implications for Nursing Practice Based on the results of the studies’ randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, the effects of ketamine are shown as an adequate analgesic alternative to opioids postoperatively. The cited resources showed that ketamine can be used as a sole agent, or combined effectively with reduced doses of opioids for multimodal therapy. There were noted limitations in some of the research articles. Not all of the cited studies were able to include definitive evidence of proper blinding techniques or randomization methods. Small sample sizes and the inclusion of specific patient populations identified within several of the studies can skew data in one direction or another; therefore, significant clinical results cannot be generalized to patient populations across the board.
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