Dissertations / Theses: 'Racism – America'

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Lyons, Bobbie Alexander. "Racism, Sexism and Ageism in America." W&M ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625704.

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Wheeler, Ivy G. "Colorblind Racism: Our Education System's Role in Perpetuating Racial Caste in America." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1430765564.

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Shimek, Rhonda. "Racism, education and the American Indian student." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003shimekr.pdf.

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Chavez, Lauren. "A Theory of Systemic Racism in America and a Partial Remedy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2276.

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This paper begins by establishing a theory of systemic racism that has three aspects: a genetic, functional, and ontological aspect. I aim to show the anti-black racism meets all of these three aspects of systemic racism. I base my conception of systemic racism in the theories of Joe Feagin, Cheryl Harris, Christopher Lebron, Charles Mills, and Tommie Shelby. I understand anti-black racism to be pervasive amongst U.S institutions and the ideologies of citizens in a way that facilitates the school-to-prison pipeline. I present evidence of anti-black racism in the education system, the policing of Blacks, and the sentencing of Blacks. I ultimately propose a partial remedy to systemic racism through a change in the history curricula across American schools.

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Russell, Maraki. "The Development of Racial Understanding as Told by Black People in America : A Narrative Analysis Regarding Colorblindness, Blackness, and Identity." Thesis, Boston College, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109126.

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Thesis advisor: Sara Moorman
Thesis advisor: Eve Spangler
This research project explores the narratives of how and when young Black people came to understand their race, as well as the implications of it. In order to expand upon the existing studies regarding racial realization and provide specific stories of such instances, qualitative interviews with nine Black people (ages 18-22) were conducted. The upbringings of these young Black people were analyzed in depth in order to provide insight to different types of racial socialization. It was found that both colorblind upbringings and non-colorblind upbringings that center individuals rather than systems of oppression are not helpful in the racial identity formation of young Black people. They both result in the perpetuation of the idea that racially marginalized people should modify their behavior. Additionally, this project exposes some of the reasons why racial realization is often a jarring experience for Black people in America, and in turn, expose some of the ways it can be less so
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2021
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Departmental Honors
Discipline: Sociology

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Mehegan, David J. "The custom of the country: Alistair Cooke and race in America: a selected edition of Letter from America, 1946-2003." Thesis, Boston University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21849.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University.
The Custom of the Country: Alistair Cooke and Race in America is a selected, annotated edition of 142 installments of Alistair Cooke's BBC broadcast, Letter from America, on race and the struggle for civil rights in the United States. Alistair Cooke (1908-2004), English-born American journalist, produced a variety of works over a seventy-year career, almost all about American politics, society, and culture. Besides writing numerous books, he was for 25 years American correspondent for the Manchester Guardian newspaper (later The Guardian). From 1946 to 2004 he wrote and recorded a weekly 2,100-word commentary, Letter from America, broadcast to the United Kingdom and British Commonwealth - a total of 2,869 broadcasts. Over the decades, the relation of white and black was a frequent concern of Letter from America. The Custom of the Country records events from Harry Truman's efforts to advance civil rights, through the Brown v. Board of Education decision, battles over segregation and passage of civil rights laws, the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., the riots of the 1960s, school busing and Affirmative Action, up to and beyond the O.J. Simpson case. The letters include profiles of such figures as Joe Louis, George Wallace, Lyndon Johnson, Duke Ellington, Marian Anderson, J. William Fulbright, and Jesse Jackson. They explore changes in the language of race and in black and white society. The texts also reveal the process of change (and lack of change) in the views of one immigrant over more than half a century. The Custom of the Country is an accurate edition of scripts as near as possible to the words as Cooke wrote and spoke them. The edition, spanning the years 1946-2003, was compiled from manuscripts and transcripts in the Alistair Cooke collection at the Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center at Boston University, and at the BBC Written Archives Centre in Reading, England. Available versions were consulted and compared in the preparation of the text. In addition to the introduction, which contains specific references to the texts, footnotes report key variant readings, along with historical and biographical background, as well as extensive cross-referencing of topics and events.

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Foster, Theodore Roosevelt III. "Ultimately Other-ed: The Transnational Development of Racial Discourse in Ecuador and the Black Subject." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306874504.

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8

Vander, Veen Sarah. "Mock jurors' attitudes toward aboriginal defendants: a symbolic racism approach /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2006. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2688.

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9

Campbell, Aaron R. "Integrated Overview, Case-Studies and Analysis: Income Inequality in Latin America, Post-1980." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/89.

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This thesis provides an integrated overview on the historical and contemporary literature dedicated to the study of within-country income inequality in Latin America. The central hypothesis of this report is that there are underlying factors that drive the persistent levels of high within-country inequality experienced by Latin American countries. We study two countries, Brazil and Bolivia, through the process of reform and growth, and note the effects on the labor markets. Using all available statistics and the wealth of knowledge compiled since the early 1980s, this study identifies those trends, and the factors that cause them to reappear in numerous cases across South America. Focusing on periods of recession and post-stabilization growth in countries with rising or consistently unequal distributions of wealth, this report identifies viable trends in unemployment, linking them to external events and the social climate of Latin America. Employing case-study methodology (see Chapters 6 and 7) this thesis builds a framework with which to study national and regional inequality, then applies it to two cases: Brazil and Bolivia. This thesis’ main findings are that the political and economic reforms and restructurings during the crisis in the 1980s, and the post-1980 era of stabilization and growth, generally perpetuated or worsened the levels of income inequality for countries in Latin America. Further analysis concludes that unsustainable external debt, boom-and-bust cycles, more deeper-seated cultural factors cannot be overlooked. Low government spending on social and educational development is the unfortunate consequence of copious external debt and public interest payments in Latin America; instead of promoting long-term growth, Latin American regimes are instead forced to focus on high interest rates and protecting wildly volatile currencies. Ethnic composition, entrenched class-structure, and cultural norms each play significant roles in income disparity, the extent of which varies by case. The limitations of this research are firstly, that regression analysis is inconclusive; no strong correlation between growth and inequality can be observed, even within the highly unequal region of Latin America.. Further, tax data, which provides the basis for measurements of income inequality, varies from country to country, making cross-country statistical meta-analysis difficult. Lastly, data was not collectible until the early 1980s, and has missing observations, further complicating the task of statistical analysis. Thus, this study bases its findings on empirical evidence, data, and basic economic theory, in explaining the factors and causes of inequality.

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Haydel, Nia Woods. "Without sanctuary lynching photography in America, a case study on a higher education partnership for social justice education /." mixed, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12062007-121141/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. Philo Hutcheson, committee chair; Marybeth Gasman, Joyce E King, Richard Lakes, committee members. Electronic text (199 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed August 7, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 156-164).

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Cho, Peter L. "Welcome to America?: The Perceptions of Discrimination Experienced by International Students." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2009. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/918.

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This study explores the phenomenon of discrimination as it pertains to the experiences of international students studying in Southeast Louisiana. This qualitative study seeks to answer the questions of where and how international students perceive discrimination, and how discrimination affects a student's overall experience as a foreign student in the United States. The intent of this research study is to address the sizable gap in the literature on perceived discrimination towards international students, and introduces specific concepts from critical theory in developing a formal conceptual framework model for continued research in this area. Utilizing the concept of sites of struggle as a conceptual framework, eleven international students studying in Southeast Louisiana were interviewed about their perceptions of discrimination from within three areas of interest: federal regulations, educational arena, and social arena. Their responses are presented using their own words via verbatim transcripts of the interview sessions. A discussion of the respondents' experiences and its significance to their perceptions of discrimination within the three areas of interest follows. Implications for policy, practice, and research, along with suggestions for future research conclude this study.

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Kaplan, Lisa H. ""Introducing America to Americans": FSA Photography and the Construction of Racialized and Gendered Citizens." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1439562584.

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Lindley, Lorinda. "A tribal critical race theory analysis of academic attainment a qualitative study of sixteen Northern Arapaho women who earned degrees at the University of Wyoming /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1940057831&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Viglio, Steve Anthony. "The Ku Klux Klan in Northeast Ohio: The Crusade of White Supremacy in the 1920s." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1629396642103053.

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15

Snyder, Nerissa Lovella Rea. "What does it mean to a Black man in the United States of America?" Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87708.

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Scarce is the research on the effects of the social and political climates of the Civil Rights era on children of that time. Comparisons are made throughout these writings between that era and the social and political climates that exist today in the United States of America. Specifically, the effects of these climates on Black males are examined across contexts. To better understand the Black male perspective, this body of research contributes to filling the gap of scarce research about older Black men, exploring lived experiences of eight African-American and Black men, 66-78 years of age, through first person interviews. A phenomenological research design and first person interviews allowed the researcher to find themes in the lived experiences of these men. Some of their life experiences (e.g., experiencing racism and disrespect related to being Black men), parallel the research findings throughout the literature review about the life experiences of generations of younger Black males that are coming behind them. Six themes were drawn, from the lived experiences of these men, to answer two research questions that guided the study. Those themes are: 1) personal experience with discrimination, racism or prejudice, 2) the need for strong familial support, 3) the importance of being aware of differences, 4) learning about your-self, 5) giving back to family and community and, 6) views about the need for counseling. From this research, implications are made for counselors, counselor educators and community advocates.
EDD
There are not a lot of research articles that follow the lives of children that lived through the Civil Rights Era, specifically young Black boys of that time. That era was full of social and political climates that the researcher compares to the social and political climates that exist as recently as the time of these writings in 2018. In this research study, the researcher interviewed eight African-American and Black men, ages 66-78, about their experiences living as men in the United States of America. Their life experiences are filled with lessons about racism, building positive family support, learning about yourself, taking care of responsibilities and community advocacy, to name a few. One of many potential benefits of these experiences is the impact it can have on young Black boys today who are living through social and political climates like those that the men interviewed lived through. The men interviewed were able to look back on their lives as young men and offer words of wisdom and advice to young Black men today. These words of wisdom and research have the potential to benefit the way mental health clinicians provide care for their clients, the way community members advocate for their young Black male citizens and the way police interact with citizens, specifically young Black men. For the purpose of this research, African-American is the term used to describe an American of African and especially of black African descent. Black is the term used to describe a person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa. The men interviewed were also asked about their view of respect which, for this research, is defined as: high or special regard: the quality or state of being esteemed.

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Mootoo, Alexis Nicole. "Structural Racism: Racists without Racism in Liberal Institutions within Colorblind States." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6909.

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Afro-Descendants suffer sustained discrimination and invisibility that is proliferated with policies that were once blatantly racist, but are now furtive. This study argues that structural racism is alive and well in liberal institutions such as publicly funded colleges and universities. Thus, structural racism is subtly replicated and reproduced within these institutions and by institutional agents who are Racist without Racism. This study builds on theories from Pierre Bourdieu, Frantz Fanon, Glen Loury and Eduardo Bonilla-Silva. The juxtaposition of their theoretical arguments provides a deeper insight into how structural racism becomes a de facto reflexive phenomenon in liberal and progressive institutions such as universities, which are heralded as the epitome of racism-free spaces in colorblind states. Inspired by Lieberman’s nested mixed methods approach, the study examines Afro-Descendants’ sustained discrimination and invisibility in publicly funded universities in New York City and the city of São Paulo. The success of race-based affirmative action is examined quantitatively in New York City and São Paulo. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with Afro-Descendant professors, students and administrators in New York City and São Paulo’s publicly funded liberal university systems. These interviews are conducted to (1) understand the respondents’ experiences in their respective liberal spaces as racial minorities; and (2) determine whether they have benefited or been harmed by a public policy designed to ameliorate their inferior positions. Overall, findings from this study suggest that structural racism exists and persists in New York City and São Paulo. Moreover, Afro-Descendant participants in both cities acknowledge and experience structural racism within their respective liberal university systems.

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Cassel, Alexandra. "Circulating Emotions in James Baldwin’s Going to Meet the Man and in American Society." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Engelska, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32420.

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This essay explores how James Baldwin’s short story Going to Meet the Man depicts racist attitudes toward African-Americans in American society. Further, this essay also shows how racism is linked to a circulation of emotions that unconsciously generates a xenophobic nation affecting even those who implicitly are regarded as genuine citizens of that community. By using two theoretical perspectives, Sara Ahmed’s theory of affective economies and some of Freud’s concepts from psychoanalysis, this essay analyzes Baldwin’s text and discovers how the American nation needs to accept and recognize its racist history, just as a child needs to acknowledge his or her fear when experiencing traumatic events. Baldwin’s narrative reinforces racist stereotypes while at the same time using the text to write back to a society that at the time of writing had not expected, but indeed needed, an African-American man to publish a book from a white man’s perspective.

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Cremer, Douglas J. "Toward an Anti-Racist Theology: American Racism and Catholic Social Thought." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2020. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/924.

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In the writings of the Vatican, the United States and Latin American bishops, and various theologians since the 1950s, Catholic social thought has generally failed to understand the pernicious depth of the system of racial classification, discrimination, and violence in the Americas. Catholic social thought still sees racism as based on the pre-existing, valid category of "race," requiring individual conversion and social effort. What is required instead is seeing the very concept of " race" as what must be rejected as the product of a racist ideology of politico-economic oppression and developing an anti-racist theological response that overcomes and eliminates this deadly ideology. It involves a re-imagining of the Imago Dei as the image of Jesus on the cross, of Mary and the women at the foot of the cross, as a direct confrontation with the principalities and powers that are invested in racist ideology, where the human and divine are connected through the cross and affirmed in the resurrection. It invokes a re-imagining of Laudato Si' as an anti-racist teaching, using many of the same ideas Pope Francis uses for his integral ecology to overcome the racist ideology that is inextricably tied up with modern capitalism and environmental despoliation.

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Schaab, Katharine. "Threatening Immigrants: Cultural Depictions of Undocumented Mexican Immigrants in Contemporary US America." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1433459712.

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Lee, Jae Hyun. "Asian American perceived racism acculturation, racial identity, social context, and sociopolitical awareness as predictors of Asian American perceived racism /." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08062007-145632/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. Roderick J. Watts, committee chair; Gabriel P. Kuperminc, Julia L. Perilla, committee members. Electronic text (124 p. : ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Jan. 3, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-102).

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Lee, Jae Hyun (Julia). "Asian American Perceived Racism: Acculturation, Racial Identity, Social Context, and Sociopolitical Awareness as Predictors of Asian American Perceived Racism." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_theses/40.

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Asian Americans are believed to be immune to social barriers and challenges, because of their successes in the U.S. society. This belief, also known as the model minority myth, has caused Americans including Asian Americans themselves to believe that they are not faced with social challenges such as racism. The goal of this study was to examine the relationship among acculturation, racial identity, social context and sociopolitical awareness. Series of multiple regressions were conducted to examine the predictive model. The findings suggested three plausible models of perceived racism among Asian Americans. First two models suggested that racism should be distinguished from stereotypes. Third possible model suggested that racial identity and social context may mediate the relationship between assimilation and perceived racism. The study’s psychological and societal implications are discussed.

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Whitcher, Gary Frederick. "'More than America': some New Zealand responses to American culture in the mid-twentieth century." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Humanities, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6304.

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This thesis focuses on a transformational but disregarded period in New Zealand’s twentieth century history, the era from the arrival of the Marines in 1942 to the arrival of Rock Around the Clock in 1956. It examines one of the chief agents in this metamorphosis: the impact of American culture. During this era the crucial conduits of that culture were movies, music and comics. The aims of my thesis are threefold: to explore how New Zealanders responded to this cultural trinity, determine the key features of their reactions and assess their significance. The perceived modernity and alterity of Hollywood movies, musical genres such as swing, and the content and presentation of American comics and ‘pulps’, became the sources of heated debate during the midcentury. Many New Zealanders admired what they perceived as the exuberance, variety and style of such American media. They also applauded the willingness of the cultural triptych to appropriate visual, textual and musical forms and styles without respect for the traditional classifications of cultural merit. Such perceived standards were based on the privileged judgements of cultural arbiters drawn from members of New Zealand’s educational and civic elites. Key figures within these elites insisted that American culture was ‘low’, inferior and commodified, threatening the dominance of a sacrosanct, traditional ‘high’culture. Many of them also maintained that these American cultural imports endangered both the traditionally British nature of our cultural heritage, and New Zealand’s distinctively ‘British’ identity. Many of these complaints enfolded deeper objections to American movies, music and literary forms exemplified by comics and pulps. Significant intellectual and civic figures portrayed these cultural modes as pernicious and malignant, because they were allegedly the product of malignant African-American, Jewish and capitalist sources, which threatened to poison the cultural and social values of New Zealanders, especially the young. In order to justify such attitudes, these influential cultural guardians portrayed the general public as an essentially immature, susceptible, unthinking and puritanical mass. Accordingly, this public, supposedly ignorant of the dangers posed by American culture, required the intervention and protection of members of this elite. Responses to these potent expressions of American culture provide focal points which both illuminate and reflect wider social, political and ideological controversies within midcentury New Zealand. Not only were these reactions part of a process of comprehension and negotiation of new aesthetic styles and media modes. They also represent an arena of public and intellectual contention whose significance has been neglected or under-valued. New Zealanders’ attitudes towards the new cinematic, literary and musical elements of American culture occurred within a rich and revealing socio-political and ideological context. When we comment on that culture we reveal significant features of our own national and cultural selves.

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Munoz, Brianna. "Racism in American Foreign Policy and Racial Bias in Conflict Intervention." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1971.

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The purpose of this thesis was to take a deep look into the history of race in American foreign policy in two White House administrations. The presidencies of Dwight D. Eisenhower and Bill Clinton were examined in which the influence of racism in domestic politics was demonstrated as a factor which shaped, and continues to shape, U.S. foreign policy. The research found that 1) segregation, 2) the concept of “primitiveness” formed due to the history between black and white nation-states and 3) the idea of “the other” used by the media and political elite are three manifestations of the consideration of race in Eisenhower’s foreign policy, particularly with respect to Ethiopia. The research also found that 1) American discomfort with white suffering, 2) the normalization of violence in black countries and usage of the term “tribalism,” and 3) the significance of ethno-racial identity all demonstrate the role of race in Clinton’s foreign policy which resulted in the disproportionate political prioritization of the Western Balkans over Rwanda.

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Lewis, Carlton Deshawn. "Racial Identity, Skin Tone, and Intragroup Racism among African American Males." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6348.

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Abstract Skin tone of an African American is a key primer for prejudicial attitudes among Whites, with darker skin tones eliciting more negative reactions. No previous studies have examined this phenomenon with African Americans as the evaluators. Social identity and social categorization theories, and Cross' theory of nigrescence, provided theoretical frameworks for this study. It was proposed that male African American observers' evaluations of another African American male may depend not only on the skin tone of the target (job candidate) and the quality of his credentials, but also on the observer's own skin tone and stage of racial identity. Using Harrison and Thomas' methodology with White observers, 136 self-identified African American males were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions that varied skin tone (light, medium, dark) of the male shown in a photo and the quality of the resume (lower, higher) presented with that job candidate. In addition, each participant was assessed for stage of racial identity and self reported skin tone. After viewing the photo and resume, participants evaluated the job candidate on hireability, trustworthiness, expertise, and attractiveness. There were no statistically significant findings. Outcomes suggested possible problems with the experimental materials that had been used previously with White observers. Further, there were problems with gaining adequate sample sizes for the person variables, suggesting a need for larger samples for future research. Despite the nonsignificant statistical findings, intraracial discrimination continues to be an important area for future study. Indeed, understanding intraracial social judgments related to skin tone among African Americans has as much social significance as understanding evaluations of African Americans by Whites and others.

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Town, Matthew Alan. "Racism, Heterosexism, Depression, and HIV Risk Behaviors of Native Men Who Have Sex With Men: Findings from the HONOR Project." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1947.

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Racial minority men who have sex with men (MSM) experience greater levels of discrimination and higher rates of HIV infection. However, little is known about the associations between racial and heterosexist discrimination and HIV risk behavior. Further, little is known about the mechanisms of the association between racial and heterosexist discrimination and HIV risk behavior. There is some evidence to suggest that depression may be a mechanism that mediates the relationship between racial and heterosexist discrimination and HIV risk behavior. Thus, one purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which discrimination based on both race and sexual orientation, alone and in combination, are associated with HIV risk behavior. A secondary purpose of this study was to examine whether the relationship between discrimination and HIV risk behavior is mediated by depressive symptoms. Lastly this study sought to examine whether the relationships between discrimination, depressive symptoms, and HIV risk behavior were mediated by social support, LGBT and Native identity, and LGBT and Native community participation. This study analyzed data from the HONOR project, the first national study of two-spirit individuals, which included 221 American Indian and Alaska Native MSM. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the extent to which experiences of racial and heterosexist discrimination were associated with HIV risk behavior. Results indicate that heterosexist discrimination was associated with HIV risk behaviors, whereas racial discrimination was not. Conversely, results indicate that racial discrimination was associated with depressive symptoms, whereas heterosexist discrimination was not. This study found no association between depressive symptoms and HIV risk behavior, even when accounting for alcohol and substance use. Results indicate that depressive symptoms are not a mechanism that explains the association between discrimination and HIV risk and perhaps the better mechanism to examine in future studies is substance use. Finally, LGBT community participation was shown to have protective effects against HIV risk behaviors. These findings have the potential to guide development of mental health and HIV prevention interventions for Native MSM, with special attention to LGBT community participation and social support. Future research should examine attributes such as types, sources, and frequency of heterosexist discrimination and LGBT community participation.

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Connolly, Margaret Kassakian. "Overeating Among Black American Women: The Role of Racism, Racial Socialization, and Stress." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1391.

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Thesis advisor: Maureen E. Kenny
Recent research suggests that eating disorders exist across genders, races and ethnicities (e.g., Smolak & Striegel-Moore, 2001; Striegel-Moore & Smolak, 2000; Talleyrand, 2002, 2006; Taylor, Caldwell, Baser, Faison, & Jackson, 2007; Thompson, 1994, 1996), but most findings and frameworks within the eating disorders literature are based on research with White women who engage in restrictive eating patterns. Given the rapid rise in rates of obesity and related illnesses in the United States — particularly among Black American women (e.g., Hedley et al., 2004), an understanding of overeating that accounts for race-related factors is needed. By exploring the relationship between perceived racism, racial socialization, perceived stress, and overeating patterns among Black American women, the current study sought to develop a model of disordered eating that accounts for the unique contextual, emotional, and behavioral factors in the lives of Black American women. Using a sample of Black American women (N = 201), the results of the data analysis revealed that perceived racism was related to overeating by way of perceived stress. This finding supports theories that race–related factors underlie the development of eating disorder symptoms (e.g., Harris & Kuba, 1997) and that perceived racism may be a significant etiological factor in the development of eating disturbances among Black American women (Mastria, 2002; Root, 1990; Smolak & Striegel-Moore, 2001; Thompson, 1994, 1996; Talleyrand, 2006). This finding also adds to the larger body of literature, which links perceived racism to a range of negative psychological, behavioral, and physical outcomes (e.g., Mays et al., 2007). Racial socialization was not found to have a significant moderating effect in the relationship between perceived racism and overeating, but was unexpectedly found to be related to disinhibition around food. Although the explanation for this finding is unclear, it is consistent with some evidence that that identification with Black American culture may promote greater levels of comfort regarding food (Talleyrand, 2006; Villarosa, 1994)
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology

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Vogelsang, Zabrina L. "Using Literature to Make Social Change: Talking about Race in the Classroom." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2653.

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Mejia-Hudson, Yesenia Isela. "An argument for reparations for Native Americans and Black Americans." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3072.

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This paper explores the issue of reparation and how institutionalized racism in the United States has influenced the outcome for the following ethnic groups - Japanese Americans, Black Americans and Native Americans.

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Pendakur, Vijay. "Asian American college students| Making racial meaning in an era of color-blind racism." Thesis, DePaul University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3584790.

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Since the end of the Civil Rights era, a new paradigm has emerged for understanding race and racism in American society. This neoliberal hegemonic discourse argues that systemic racism ended with the abolishment of formal, juridical racism and that any continued investment in race is both unnecessary and deeply problematic. Critical race theorists have named this framework color-blind racism. In recent years, color-blind racist discourse has been repackaged under a "post-race" label and the election of America's first non-White president has only served to bolster notions that America might have somehow transcended race.

For college students, the undergraduate years are often a time of great intellectual, emotional, and spiritual upheaval and this instability makes college a prime site for examining individuals' meaning-making and identity formation processes. Students of color are no exception to this overall phenomenon and the literature on racial identity development speaks to the dramatic changes in self-concept that individuals of color often experience while attending college. One group of students of color, Asian American college students, are deeply understudied and there is little scholarly writing on Asian American college students' racial identity development process.

This dissertation is a qualitative study of the effects of color-blind racism on the racial identity meaning-making of Asian American college freshmen. Using a narrative inquiry methodology, the author conducted lengthy in-person interviews with nine participants. The emergent themes from the study indicate that the participants' racial meaning-making process was heavily laden with elements of the ethnicity paradigm of race, color-blind racist tropes, and Asian American racial tropes. The study results suggest that these participants' hold little in the way of racial identity consciousness, as Asian Americans, and that their heavy investment in ethnic identity works to support a color-blind racial frame. Furthermore, elements of color-blind racism and Asian American racial formation appear to interlock in unique ways to produce complicity with the logic of color-blind racism and support for key elements of White racial hegemony. Further research is needed on the effects of color-blind racism on the identity development of college students broadly, and on Asian American students specifically.

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Liu, Marcia Mei-Lee. "Asian American/Pacific Islander Psychological and Physical Health Outcomes of Racism and Racial Identity." Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3159.

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Thesis advisor: Janet E. Helms
Previous theory and research on Asian American/Pacific Islanders' (AAPI) racism experiences indicate that anti-AAPI racism is stressful and related to increased physical and psychological symptoms when the two types of symptoms have been investigated as separate constructs. However, cultural models of AAPIs' health postulate that AAPIs experience distress as interrelated physical and psychological symptoms, but no studies have explored whether racism experiences are similarly related to increases in both physical and psychological symptoms. Also, few studies of AAPI health and racism have included racial identity schemas as psychological constructs that potentially interact with experiences of self-reported anti-Asian racism and health symptoms. To better understand how racism experiences, racial identity, and physical and psychological health are related, the present study examined relationships among frequent and distressing anti-AAPI institutional, cultural, and individual racism experiences, racial identity attitudes, and physical and psychological symptoms. U.S.-born AAPIs of Chinese or Korean heritage (N =203) completed a demographic questionnaire, the People of Color Racial Identity Attitudes Scale (Helms, 2011), the Asian American Race-Related Stress Index (Liang, Li, and Kim, 2004), the Pennebaker Inventory of Limbic Languidness (Pennebaker, 1992), and the Kessler-10 (Kessler et al., 2002). Canonical correlation analyses were used to investigate relationships among the variables. Several patterns were identified. Three patterns were significantly, but not strongly related to being of male gender. They were: (a) frequent and distressing experiences of institutional, cultural, and individual racism experiences were related to increased physical and psychological symptoms; (b) institutional racism experiences were associated with increased levels of Dissonance (racial confusion) and Immersion (own-group idealization); and, (c) high levels of Dissonance and low levels of Internalization were related to more psychological and fewer physical symptoms and being of male gender. One pattern was significantly, but not strongly related to being of female gender, wherein high levels of both Dissonance and Immersion were related to increased levels of physical and psychological symptoms. Finally, one pattern was related to being of Chinese ethnicity, wherein cultural racism experiences were associated with high Conformity (White cultural orientation) and Dissonance. Results were discussed with respect to how researchers can assess racism and racial identity-related distress more accurately by using holistic health measures. Methodological limitations of the study and implications for research and practice are discussed
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology

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Smith, Veronica J. "Implicit Measurement of Racial Identity and Coping Responses to Racism in African Americans." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_theses/20.

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African Americans’ experiences of racism have been found to be linked with higher levels of psychological distress. Coping responses to racism and racial identity may serve as moderators to this relationship. The present study uses an implicit measure to assess coping responses and racial identity. The main goal was to determine any correlation between implicit and explicit coping responses and racial identity, and between implicit coping responses to racism and explicit coping responses to general stress. A significant correlation was observed between implicit and explicit measures of coping responses and racial identity, and between implicit coping responses to racism and explicit coping responses to general stress. A significant correlation was also observed between implicit coping responses to racism and psychological distress. Findings indicate that implicit measures used in conjunction with explicit measures may provide a more comprehensive assessment of coping responses to racism and racial identity.

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Saeedi, Sina. "Perceptions of Racism in Educational Settings: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Inter-Racial Stories." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1595571431384119.

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Ferrer, Isabel. "L'immigration sud-américaine en Espagne : transfiguration d'une société vécue par les citoyens et vue à l'écran." Thesis, La Réunion, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LARE0009/document.

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L'Espagne, dont on a abondamment salué la Transition est loin d'avoir réglé tous ses comptes avec le passé. Les premiers temps de la démocratie furent à la prudence sur le terrain politique et social. Les années 90 déferlèrent ensuite, inondant le pays de leur libéralisme triomphant. L'Espagne postmoderne connut, en même temps que la croissance effrénée et la «spectacularisation» servie par une télévision dotée d'ubiquité, l'inversion des flux migratoires. L'ancienne métropole attira principalement des Latino-américains et, alors que rien n'avait préparé la société espagnole à l'interculturalité et que les écrans, voués au divertissement, rendaient les étrangers invisibles, les préjugés racistes et xénophobes sentant encore l'ethnocentrisme colonialiste, ressurgirent. 2008 marqua le début de la crise économique en Espagne et de la dégradation des conditions de vie de ses habitants qui donne naissance à une nouvelle classe sociale, le «précariat». Locaux et étrangers se retrouvent dans la contestation et dans l'exigence d'un autre modèle de société pour l'ère méta-postmoderne. Internet est le lieu de rencontre de ceux qui s'indignent et qui accusent les media traditionnels de complicité avec le système qu'ils rejettent
Spain's transition towards democracy has widely been acclaimed. Yet it is far from settling all its scores with the past. During the early days of democracy prudence prevailed in the political and social field. Then the 90s swept in and the country was overwhelmed by economic liberalism. In post-modern Spain growth rocketed and was served by an all pervading television which turned everything into a show. Meanwhile the migratory flow was reversed. The old mother country chiefly attracted South Americans. Foreigners were made invisible by a television dedicated to entertainment. Hence Spanish people were not ready to face cultural diversity and old racist prejudice reeking of colonial ethnocentricity reappeared. The economic crisis hit Spain in 2008 and living conditions deteriorated giving birth to a new social class «the precariat». Natives and foreigners protest together demanding a new model of society for the meta post-modern era. Internet is the meeting point for those who feel outraged (indignants, indignados) and accuse the traditional media of complicity with a system they reject

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Gill, Isabel, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Education. "Story and stereotype : aboriginal literature as anti-racist education." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Education, 2004, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/220.

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Textbooks newly approved for use in secondary schools in Alberta reflect the belief that not only does literature have the power to change and shape our thinking, but also that the non-White voices of our culture need to be heard if Canada is to become a country which truly welcomes and values cultural diversity. The realization that many high school students in the Crowsnest Pass area of Southern Alberta hold negative stereotypes about Canadian Aboriginal people prompted this study which measured how effective studying literature written mainly by Canadian Aboriginal people is as a means of anti-racist education. Forty-three students in grade 10, 11, and 12, 22 females and 21 males, participated in the study. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used. Quantitative data, collected from responses on a gender-specific, six-item social scenarios scale, measured the extent to which students were prejudiced against Aboriginal people as pre- and post-tests. Written responses, field notes, journal entries, and interviews provided qualitative data. Though the quantitative evidence is not statistically significant, students in grades 10 and 12 showed decreased post-test scores, while those in grade 11 increased. Within each grade, individual students showed significant attitude changes. In all grades, female students had significantly lower scores than males, both pre- and post-test, evidence that there are perhaps different stages of moral development in females, as suggested by Belenky, clinchy, Goldberger, and Tarula (1986) and Gilligan (1982), than the male stages identified by Kohlberg (1969, 1981). Qualitative data revealed an increased understanding of Aboriginal issues and student attempts to view the world from a non-White perspective. Central to the study are my efforts to come to terms with my own Whiteness as well as help students understand their own positions of White privilege. This process was an emotional and disturbing experience for us all, yet one that brought growth and engendered important learning. I remain firmly committed to the need to adopt a strong anti-racist stance (rather than a multicultural one) and address racism directly in the classroom. Though difficult, it is perhaps the most important work that I, or any other teacher, may do.
xviii, 163 leaves ; 28 cm.

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Hall, Ritchie V. II. "Is Affirmative Action American? An Examination of Modern Racism, Color Blindness, and American Values." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1430749961.

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Dirickson, Perry. "School Spirit or School Hate: The Confederate Battle Flag, Texas High Schools, and Memory, 1953-2002." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5467/.

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The debate over the display of the Confederate battle flag in public places throughout the South focus on the flag's display by state governments such South Carolina and Mississippi. The state of Texas is rarely placed in this debate, and neither has the debate adequately explore the role of high schools' use of Confederate symbols. Schools represent the community and serve as a symbol of its values. A school represented by Confederate symbols can communicate a message of intolerance to a rival community or opposing school during sports contests. Within the community, conflict arose when an opposition group to the symbols formed and asked for the symbols' removal in favor of symbols that were seen more acceptable by outside observers. Many times, an outside party needed to step in to resolve the conflict. In Texas, the conflict between those in favor and those oppose centered on the Confederate battle flag, and the memory each side associated with the flag. Anglos saw the flag as their school spirit. African Americans saw hatred.

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Dubriel, Joni G. V. "The Television Portrayals of African Americans and Racial Attitudes." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_theses/3.

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Television often portrays African Americans in unfavorable positions in comparison to Caucasians. Typically these unfavorable depictions reinforce negative stereotypes associated with African Americans. Research indicates that television portrayals can influence people’s attitudes toward one another. A question left unanswered by current research: are mass-mediated images as influential at reversing or counteracting stereotypes as they are at reinforcing them? An experiment with undergraduate students was conducted to investigate the relationship between the positive portrayal of African Americans and subsequent racial attitudes. Participants viewed a video clip with either an African American or Caucasian chairman for the Georgia Division of Public Health. The clip included a still photograph of the chairman and was accompanied by a pre-recorded voice addressing treatments for lung cancer patients. At the beginning of each class, professors showed students the video after which the class lecture proceeded as scheduled. Just before the class ended a researcher entered the class and told students he/she was doing a survey on racial attitudes. Students were then given a questionnaire regarding racial attitudes toward African Americans. Between the time of the video viewing and the completion of the survey, students were not informed that one was related to the other. Subjects also completed an evaluation of the speaker in the video and of the health message.

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Calabre, Roberta Ventura. "Fighting the Strai(gh)tjacket: black women bonding in Loving Her and The Color Purple." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2812.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar como as relações lésbicas são retratadas nas obras Loving Her e The Color Purple. Ao analisar as relações entre homens/mulheres e mulheres/mulheres, este estudo também revê e critica o golpe triplo sofrido por lésbicas negras, por serem, ao mesmo tempo, mulheres, afro-americanas e homossexuais. Utilizando fatos históricos para situar as obras em um contexto social, além da teoria do lesbian continuum afim de atestar a riqueza e diversidade do laço afetivo entre mulheres, este trabalho vem por desmistificar as noções simplistas em relação à literatura lésbica Afro-Americana, afugentando a sombra que pairava sobre o tabu e elevando a mulher negra, lésbica ou não, a seu lugar de direito na sociedade
The aim of this work is to analyze how lesbian relationships are portrayed in the fictional works Loving Her and The Color Purple. By analyzing the relationships between men/women and women/women depicted in the chosen literary works, this study also revises and criticizes the triple strike suffered by black lesbians for being females, African-Americans and homosexuals. Using historical facts to place the fictional works in a social frame, and using the theory of lesbian continuum to attest the richness and diversity of women bonding, this work demystifies the simplistic notions of African-American lesbian literature, casting away the shadow upon the unspeakable and elevating black women, lesbians or not, to their rightful place in society

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Lynch, Lucas Leonard. "Brazil's Anti-Racist Education Reforms And Their Effects On High School History Textbooks: Addressing Critical Reflection On Race And Racism." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595642.

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Anti-racist legislation and education reforms for the past two decades in Brazil have required that curriculum in all basic education combat prejudice and racism and promote critical thinking of the nation's past and current ethnic-racial relations in an effort to construct a society that is more democratic, equal, and just. In response to the reforms, textbooks have been rewritten. This study analyzes one high school history textbook series that was approved by Brazil in 2012, and asks: How, and to what extent, do these new high school history textbooks address critical reflection on race and racism in Brazil? Using qualitative content analysis, I coded the above series for its attention in these matters. My findings reflect that though there are a number of cases where racism in Brazil was admitted, more explanation on the content on racism is needed, the content was too vague, or it lacked necessary details to make its analysis more informed for student reflection.

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Nguyen, Jason R. "Staging Vietnamese America| Music and the performance of Vietnamese American identities." Thesis, Indiana University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1546986.

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This study examines how Vietnamese Americans perform identities that acknowledge their statuses as diasporic Vietnamese to construct and maintain specifically Vietnamese American communities. I argue that music, especially public forms of musical expression within mass media and locally staged cultural performances, is a crucial way for Vietnamese Americans across the diaspora to transmit markers of cultural knowledge and identity that give them information about themselves and the "imagined community" constructed through their linked discourses.

The argument is organized around two main ideas that focus on broad cultural patterns and locally situated expressions, respectively. First, music produced by the niche Vietnamese American media industry is distributed across the diaspora and models discourses of Vietnamese identity as different companies provide different visions of what it means to be Vietnamese and perform Vietnamese-ness on stage. I analyze the music variety shows by three different companies (Thuy Nga Productions, Asia Entertainment, and Van Son Productions) to argue that Vietnamese American popular media should not be seen as representing a single monolithic version of Vietnamese-ness; rather, each articulation of Vietnamese identity is slightly different and speaks to a different formulation of the Vietnamese public, producing a discursive field for diverse Vietnamese American identity politics.

Secondly, I show how identity is always performed in particular places, illustrating that Vietnamese Americans performing music in different places can have vastly different understandings of that music and its relationship to their identities. Using a Peircian semiotic framework, I articulate a theory of place-making in which places become vehicles for the clustering of signs and meaning as people experience and interpret those places and make meaning there. As people's experiences imbue places with meaning, people coming from similar cultural backgrounds may gain different attachments to those places and one another and thus different understandings of their identities as Vietnamese. I use two contrasting examples of Vietnamese American communities in Indianapolis and San Jose to show how people in each place construct entirely different discourses of identity surrounding musical performance based upon their positionality within the diaspora.

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Mezzano, Michael John. "'Not the race of Dante': Southern Italians as Undesirable Americans." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/708.

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Thesis advisor: James M. O'Toole
This dissertation argues that the movement to restrict European immigration to the United States in the early 1900s was critically supported by a set of ideas that the dissertation refers to as "classic racialism." Derived from several intellectual traditions - such as anthropology, biology, criminology, eugenics and zoology - classic racialism posited that differences in human population groups were biologically determined and hereditary, and because of this fact, American nativists held that the "new" immigration to the United States had to be curtailed in order to save the American Anglo-Saxon racial stock. The dissertation uses Italian immigration to the United States as a case study for understanding the fluidity of racial and biological thought. While classic racialism played a key role in supporting nativists' calls for immigration restriction, advances in methods of scientific research were revolutionizing the fields of biology, genetics and anthropology. Research in these fields cast doubts on the veracity of intellectual claims made by classic racialists, which were increasingly untenable in the light of advancing scientific knowledge. The tensions between these competing intellectual paradigms of classic racialism and modern experimentalism in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-centuries reveal the esoteric nature of scientific revolutions, in that the uncertainty and complexity of the developing biological and genetic sciences kept knowledge of scientific advances in these fields restricted to a narrow audience of professional scientists and academics. While modern experimental biology raised significant scientific doubts about the principles of classic racialism, it was the latter that influenced American immigration policy in the 1920s because of classic racialism's simplicity and the broad public recognition that "like produces like."
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History

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Brezinski, Kyle Jordan. "You PC Bro? How Experiences of Racial Microaggressions Affect Undergraduate African American Student Retention." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1463129299.

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Tonet, Martina. "Race and power : the challenges of Intercultural Bilingual Education (IBE) in the Peruvian Andes." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22125.

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This thesis examines enclaves of oppression and discrimination, which continue to subject indigenous peoples in the Peruvian Andean society to the pernicious legacies of a racist past. As an interpretive framework this interdisciplinary study draws from theoretical approaches to power, which analyse the reproduction of social injustice in post-colonial societies. This research demonstrates how resistance in post-colonial contexts does not always function as a subversive force. Especially when the variable of racism is taken into account, it becomes clearer how acts of opposition end up fostering a tyrannical domination. Examples from Peruvian history, as well as my fieldwork data, will illustrate how resistances and revolutions in the Peruvian Andes have paradoxically reinstated an oppressive and subjugating social system founded in disavowal of the indigenous Other. In dismantling the ramifications of a violent racist legacy, this study explores those social practices and attitudes which in the course of history have resulted in the subjugation of indigenous peoples. These include paternalism, the commodification of indigenous identity and the phenomenon of incanismo. Ultimately, the very negotiation of identities and the making of Peruvian ethnicity will highlight the reasons why, since the 1970s, the pursuit of Intercultural Bilingual Education (IBE) in the Peruvian Andes has been a challenging and uncertain endeavour. By comparison with bordering Andean regions of Ecuador and Bolivia, IBE is not in the hands of indigenous peoples. This thesis will demonstrate that this is in part due to an underpinning racism, which keeps disrupting a sense of belonging to an ethnic identity.

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Novelli, Lauren. "Racism and Infant Mortality: Links Between Racial Stress and Adverse Birth Outcomes for African American Women and their Infants." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439305228.

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Meldman, Linda S. "African American families, perspectives of racism and delinquency /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7199.

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Catlin, Chelseam. "Internalized racism and its effects on African American." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2017. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3340.

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Using the Afrocentric Perspective and Social Learning Theory this research study explored how internalized racism affects African American women. More specifically, it examined the effect of internalized racism on socioeconomic status and self-esteem of African American women. Prior research showed that internalized racism can contribute to decreased self-esteem and play a role in African American women's lives that have lower socioeconomic status. Findings revealed that internalized racism does influence self-esteem and affects Social capital of African American women, which contributes to a decline in socioeconomic status. The researcher discussed and provided recommendations for future social work policy, research, and practice on the topic of internalized racism in African American women.

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Burgess, Rachel. "Dementure." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1289927073.

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Iheduru, Adaobi C. "Examining the Social Distance Between Africans and African Americans: The Role of Internalized Racism." Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1341565205.

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Gama, Maria Elizabeth da Costa. "From negro to african-american." Florianópolis, SC, 1998. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/77537.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente.
Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T05:09:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 190263.pdf: 439604 bytes, checksum: 2c745d1634db2651abae3cbd1351decd (MD5)
Este trabalho de pesquisa analisa criticamente aspectos do papel que a imprensa americana desempenha na reprodução de estereótipos que sustentam desigualdades raciais e sociais nos Estados Unidos. Partindo da afirmativa de Van Dijk(1988) que as minorias são sempre associadas na mídia à violência e ao crime, realizo uma análise crítica do discurso (Fairclough,1992)de vinte reportagens sobre três crimes supostamente causados por questões raciais. As reportagens são retiradas de seis jornais brancos e quatro jornais afro-americanos. As escolhas lexicais mais recorrentes bem como o sistema de transitividade predominante(Halliday, 1985) são examinados tanto em termos quantitativos quanto qualitativos. Embora o racismo contemporâneo seja muito sutil quando comparado ao 'racismo ultrapassado'(Van Dijk,1988), os resultados sugerem que existe uma representação distorcida dos afro-americanos na imprensa dos Estados Unidos da América. Este estudo visa contribuir para a conscientização de leitores e escritores do papel que a imprensa desempenha na reprodução do racismo.

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Berry, Damon T. "Blood Right: Racial Protectionism and the Problem of Christianity in American White Nationalism." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397563389.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Racism – America'

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