Relevant bibliographies by topics / Racism – America

Academic literature on the topic 'Racism – America'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Racism – America"

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Morris, Aldon, and Vilna Bashi Treitler. "O ESTADO RACIAL DA UNIÃO: compreendendo raça e desigualdade racial nos Estados Unidos da América." Caderno CRH 32, no. 85 (June 7, 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v32i85.27828.

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<p>Este artigo investiga o papel da raça e do racismo nos Estados Unidos da América. Ele trata de raça como conceito, explorando, primordialmente, o motivo da existência de categorias raciais e da desigualdade racial. Também, nele, examinamos a atual situação da raça nos Estados Unidos ao expor suas manifestações sociais, econômicas e políticas. Após explorar a magnitude da desigualdade racial nos Estados Unidos, trabalhamos para desvendar os mecanismos que perpetuam e sustentam, tanto estrutural quanto culturalmente, as disparidades raciais. Em razão de ações e crenças racistas terem sempre sofrido resistências por parte dos movimentos sociais, atos coletivos, e resistência individual, nós analisamos a natureza e os resultados dos esforços da luta contra o racismo norte-americano. Concluímos com uma análise das perspectivas atuais relativas à transformação racial e das possibilidades para a emergência da igualdade racial. Assim, neste artigo, trazemos uma análise abrangente da situação atual das dinâmicas raciais nos Estados Unidos e das forças determinadas a combater o racismo. </p><p><strong>THE RACIAL STATE OF THE UNION: understanding race andr acial inequality in the United States of America </strong></p><p>This paper interrogates the role of race and racism in the United States of America. The paper grapples with race conceptually as it explores why racial categories and racial inequality exist in the first place. We also examine the current state of race in North America by laying bare it social, economic and political manifestations. After exploring the magnitude of racial inequality in the United States, we labor to unravel the mechanisms both structurally and culturally that perpetuates and sustains racial disparities. Because racist actions and beliefs have always been resisted by social movements, collection action, and resistance at the personal level, we assess the nature and outcomes of struggles to overthrow North American racism. We conclude by assessing the current prospects for racial transformation and the possibilities for the emergence of racial equality. Thus, in this paper, we provide an overarching analysis of the current state of racial dynamics in the United States and the forces determined to dismantle racism.</p><p>Key words: Race. Racism. Racial regimes. Black movements. Inequality.</p><p><strong>ÉTAT RACIAL DE L’UNION: comprendre la race et les inégalités raciales aux États-Unis d’Amérique </strong></p><p>Notre article évaluera le rôle de la race et du racisme en Amérique. Le document aborde conceptuellement la race en explorant pourquoi les catégories raciales et l’inégalité raciale existent en premier lieu. Le document passe à l’examen de l’état actuel de la race en Amérique en mettant à nu les manifestations sociales, économiques et politiques. Étant donné l’ampleur de l’inégalité raciale aux États-Unis, le document cherche à démêler les mécanismes à la fois structurels et culturels qui perpétuent et maintiennent les disparités raciales. Parce que le mouvement raciste a toujours été combattu en Amérique par des mouvements sociaux, des actions de collecte et de résistance au niveau personnel, le journal évaluera la nature et les résultats des luttes pour renverser le racisme américain. Ainsi, l’article fournira une analyse de l’état actuel de la dynamique raciale aux États-Unis ainsi que des forces déterminées à démanteler le racisme.</p><p>Mots-clés: Race. Racisme. Régimen racial. Movement nègre. Inegalité.</p><p> </p>
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Lovelace, H. Timothy. "“To Restore the Soul of America”: How Domestic Anti-Racism Might Fuel Global Anti-Racism." AJIL Unbound 115 (2021): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2020.90.

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On November 7, 2020, President Joe Biden proclaimed that his administration would “restore the soul of America.” He declared that U.S. voters had given him a mandate “to achieve racial justice and root out systemic racism in this country,” and that he plans to use the nation's restored moral leadership to create international consensus around U.S. values and urge foreign nations and intergovernmental institutions to adopt anti-racist agendas. To be sure, Biden's commitment to ending systemic racism is rooted in troubling notions of U.S. exceptionalism and invokes an unfounded anti-racist nostalgia. We should never “restore” America's racial past. Nevertheless, Biden's commitment is, in many ways, refreshing and raises a crucial and productive question: how might the United States recalibrate the international legal order and address systemic racism within Biden's framework? One straightforward and pragmatic answer emerges: the Biden administration should live up to the standards of those who inspired his campaign's mission. In other words, truly improving the racial order at home might be a viable way to advance anti-racism abroad, including through existing international institutions.
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Howard, William L. "Academic Racism." Academic Questions 34, no. 4 (December 20, 2021): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51845/34.4.13.

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Malini, Ni Luh Nyoman Seri, I. Gusti Ayu Sundari Okasunu, and Made Detriasmita Saientisna. "Racism towards Black American: Intersectionality in Constructing Social Racist through Poetical Depiction by Langston Hughes and Amy Saunders." Journal of Language and Literature 21, no. 2 (September 20, 2021): 376–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v21i2.3241.

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In this research, the development of racism based on the different formations of socio-cultural and historical aspects was the standpoint that was shown by the interpretation of poetical depiction of meaning and messages. The gap between Langston Hughes in “I, too, sing America” (1926) and Amy Saunders in “You’re not Black” (2019) as the data advocates for racist transformation in natural past and present American socialization. Several critical studies have examined the racial issues reflected in poems however they didn’t elaborate on racism specifically rather than segregation and discrimination although racism is classified in several types. Moreover, the critical studies have been done only analyzed the racism happened on the past while this study compares the past and present racism as the concern of social construction among black American as the target of unfair treatments. The descriptive qualitative method using documentation, descriptive analysis, and note-taking technique was used to identify and elaborate meaning correlation with racial issues in the poems. This research aimed to classify the figurative language and its meaning related to racism while illustrating the development of racism from the perspective of socio-cultural and historical aspects that influenced the poets and their poetry. Theory of Critical Race was used to demonstrate that racism was developing in a different formation. The research has found the interconnection between historical values of slavery system constructed stereotypes of black people as minor American. Social construction formed a cultural differentiation which led to segregation and discrimination towards black in any form of everyday aspects.
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Engerman, Stanley. "Slavery without Racism, Racism without Slavery." Journal of Global Slavery 5, no. 3 (October 22, 2020): 322–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405836x-00503005.

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Abstract This article surveys several problems related to the links between slavery and racism, and the frequency of both racism without slavery and slavery without racism. Slavery clearly existed prior to the emergence of racism, scientific or otherwis, and unlike in recent centuries, the enslaved were not always peoples of different color. The linking of race and slavery, with race as the defining characteristic of the enslaved, came mainly after the settlement of the Americas with the transatlantic slave trade from Africa. Indeed, the debate continues on whether racism led to slavery (as argued for colonial America) or whether slavery gave rise to a coherent racism to justify enslavement of others. Racism may be used to justify the harsh treatment of others, or it may simply reflect mainly a belief that some differences among groups exist and race provides the interpretation of why such differences exist. Presumably then, awareness of perceived or argued for racial differences could exist without the imposition of differential treatments, despite the role racial beliefs might play in social organization.
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Pettigrew, Thomas F. "POST-RACISM?" Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 6, no. 2 (2009): 279–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x0999018x.

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AbstractDoes President Obama's momentous election victory signify a new, post-racism era in America? Many observers, such as a New York Times science editor, think so. But, unfortunately, this claim is premature for a host of reasons. [1] It took “a perfect storm” of interlocking factors to elect Obama. [2] Many bigots actually voted for Obama. [3] Two logical fallacies underlie this too-optimistic view. [4] Racist attitudes and actions repeatedly occurred throughout the campaign. [5] White Southern and older voters both demonstrated that rank racism remains. [6] Increased turn-out of young and minority voters was crucial. The paper closes by considering what changes in American race relations may take place during the Obama presidency.
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Cramer, M. Richard. "Racism in America." Teaching Sociology 17, no. 4 (October 1989): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1318455.

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Tolliver, Derise E. "Study Abroad in Africa: Learning about Race, Racism, and the Racial Legacy of America." African Issues 28, no. 1-2 (2000): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500006983.

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In 1998, the American Association of Colleges and Universities raised the question of what higher education could do to prepare graduates to address “the legacies of racism and the opportunities for racial reconciliation in the United States.” One of the most powerful and pedagogically rich approaches to facilitate learning about race, racial identity, and the impact of racism in America today is study abroad in Africa. With a history that includes dynasties and empires; the capture and enslavement of Africans and the transatlantic slave trade; and the structures of colonialism, neocolonialism, and apartheid (which have often been conceptualized as parallel to the institutionalized racism of America), the continent of Africa can be a wonderful classroom for this type of learning. This is particularly the case when the location of study is West Africa, by most accounts where the majority of people of African descent living in the United States have ancestral ties. Visits to and interactions around the monuments to and symbols and physical remnants of the complex historical relationships between Europeans and Africans can be a catalyst for stimulating challenging but ultimately rewarding discussions and growth with regard to issues of race and racism.
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Kofifah, Siti, and Ariya Jati. "Racism Against Asian During the Covid-19 Pandemic." E3S Web of Conferences 317 (2021): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131704009.

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Covid-19 was discovered in Wuhan China on December 1st, 2019. On March 9th, 2020, WHO (World Health Organization) officially announced Covid-19 as a pandemic. Since the declaration of Covid-19 as a global pandemic, Covid-19 causes a major impact in various fields. Starting from the economy, education, to human resources. The most significant is felt by Asians or people with Asian ethnicity. They start to receive racist treatment starting hate comment on social media, insults, or bad treatment from others towards them. This paper is aimed to discuss the background to the emergence of racism against Asian during the Covid-19 pandemic and its impact, especially in America. The method used is data collection taken from news and journal articles related to racism and Covid-19. The result is how Covid-19 can trigger racism against Asian in America and the form of racism and its impact to Asian in America. In conclution, some factors, such as governments that tend to be racist, the pre-existing xenophobic and exclusive government environment exacerbates the negative stigma in society. Various forms of racism starting from hate speech on social media, verbal attacks to physical violence. Racism has caused mental problems for Asian Americans, such as anxiety, depression and lack of confidence to their identity as Americans.
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Nensia, Nensia. "Racism Towards African-American in Peter Farelly's Green Book." Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Cultural Studies 9, no. 2 (October 29, 2020): 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v9i2.39756.

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The aim of the research was to describe the racial discrimination towards African-American in Green Book, a movie by Peter Farelly. The movie was based on a true story of social life in America during the reign of Jim Crow Laws in 1962. Therefore, the writer used descriptive qualitative method with sociological approach in order to describe the racism act towards colored people in America at that periodical time as depicted in the movie. The research indicated that the historical context of Jim Crow Laws, racial discrimination, the distinction of White and Colored people were reflected in the movie as it is in history. The racial injustice plot was climb up in every states where the concert was held. They went to one region to another further into Deep South. From the first region to the last one, the discrimination kept on increasing from bad to the worst form of racism.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Racism – America"

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Lyons, Bobbie Alexander. "Racism, Sexism and Ageism in America." W&M ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625704.

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Wheeler, Ivy G. "Colorblind Racism: Our Education System's Role in Perpetuating Racial Caste in America." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1430765564.

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Shimek, Rhonda. "Racism, education and the American Indian student." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003shimekr.pdf.

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Chavez, Lauren. "A Theory of Systemic Racism in America and a Partial Remedy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2276.

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This paper begins by establishing a theory of systemic racism that has three aspects: a genetic, functional, and ontological aspect. I aim to show the anti-black racism meets all of these three aspects of systemic racism. I base my conception of systemic racism in the theories of Joe Feagin, Cheryl Harris, Christopher Lebron, Charles Mills, and Tommie Shelby. I understand anti-black racism to be pervasive amongst U.S institutions and the ideologies of citizens in a way that facilitates the school-to-prison pipeline. I present evidence of anti-black racism in the education system, the policing of Blacks, and the sentencing of Blacks. I ultimately propose a partial remedy to systemic racism through a change in the history curricula across American schools.
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Russell, Maraki. "The Development of Racial Understanding as Told by Black People in America : A Narrative Analysis Regarding Colorblindness, Blackness, and Identity." Thesis, Boston College, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109126.

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Thesis advisor: Sara Moorman
Thesis advisor: Eve Spangler
This research project explores the narratives of how and when young Black people came to understand their race, as well as the implications of it. In order to expand upon the existing studies regarding racial realization and provide specific stories of such instances, qualitative interviews with nine Black people (ages 18-22) were conducted. The upbringings of these young Black people were analyzed in depth in order to provide insight to different types of racial socialization. It was found that both colorblind upbringings and non-colorblind upbringings that center individuals rather than systems of oppression are not helpful in the racial identity formation of young Black people. They both result in the perpetuation of the idea that racially marginalized people should modify their behavior. Additionally, this project exposes some of the reasons why racial realization is often a jarring experience for Black people in America, and in turn, expose some of the ways it can be less so
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2021
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Departmental Honors
Discipline: Sociology
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Mehegan, David J. "The custom of the country: Alistair Cooke and race in America: a selected edition of Letter from America, 1946-2003." Thesis, Boston University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21849.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University.
The Custom of the Country: Alistair Cooke and Race in America is a selected, annotated edition of 142 installments of Alistair Cooke's BBC broadcast, Letter from America, on race and the struggle for civil rights in the United States. Alistair Cooke (1908-2004), English-born American journalist, produced a variety of works over a seventy-year career, almost all about American politics, society, and culture. Besides writing numerous books, he was for 25 years American correspondent for the Manchester Guardian newspaper (later The Guardian). From 1946 to 2004 he wrote and recorded a weekly 2,100-word commentary, Letter from America, broadcast to the United Kingdom and British Commonwealth - a total of 2,869 broadcasts. Over the decades, the relation of white and black was a frequent concern of Letter from America. The Custom of the Country records events from Harry Truman's efforts to advance civil rights, through the Brown v. Board of Education decision, battles over segregation and passage of civil rights laws, the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., the riots of the 1960s, school busing and Affirmative Action, up to and beyond the O.J. Simpson case. The letters include profiles of such figures as Joe Louis, George Wallace, Lyndon Johnson, Duke Ellington, Marian Anderson, J. William Fulbright, and Jesse Jackson. They explore changes in the language of race and in black and white society. The texts also reveal the process of change (and lack of change) in the views of one immigrant over more than half a century. The Custom of the Country is an accurate edition of scripts as near as possible to the words as Cooke wrote and spoke them. The edition, spanning the years 1946-2003, was compiled from manuscripts and transcripts in the Alistair Cooke collection at the Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center at Boston University, and at the BBC Written Archives Centre in Reading, England. Available versions were consulted and compared in the preparation of the text. In addition to the introduction, which contains specific references to the texts, footnotes report key variant readings, along with historical and biographical background, as well as extensive cross-referencing of topics and events.
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Foster, Theodore Roosevelt III. "Ultimately Other-ed: The Transnational Development of Racial Discourse in Ecuador and the Black Subject." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306874504.

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Vander, Veen Sarah. "Mock jurors' attitudes toward aboriginal defendants: a symbolic racism approach /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2006. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2688.

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Campbell, Aaron R. "Integrated Overview, Case-Studies and Analysis: Income Inequality in Latin America, Post-1980." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/89.

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This thesis provides an integrated overview on the historical and contemporary literature dedicated to the study of within-country income inequality in Latin America. The central hypothesis of this report is that there are underlying factors that drive the persistent levels of high within-country inequality experienced by Latin American countries. We study two countries, Brazil and Bolivia, through the process of reform and growth, and note the effects on the labor markets. Using all available statistics and the wealth of knowledge compiled since the early 1980s, this study identifies those trends, and the factors that cause them to reappear in numerous cases across South America. Focusing on periods of recession and post-stabilization growth in countries with rising or consistently unequal distributions of wealth, this report identifies viable trends in unemployment, linking them to external events and the social climate of Latin America. Employing case-study methodology (see Chapters 6 and 7) this thesis builds a framework with which to study national and regional inequality, then applies it to two cases: Brazil and Bolivia. This thesis’ main findings are that the political and economic reforms and restructurings during the crisis in the 1980s, and the post-1980 era of stabilization and growth, generally perpetuated or worsened the levels of income inequality for countries in Latin America. Further analysis concludes that unsustainable external debt, boom-and-bust cycles, more deeper-seated cultural factors cannot be overlooked. Low government spending on social and educational development is the unfortunate consequence of copious external debt and public interest payments in Latin America; instead of promoting long-term growth, Latin American regimes are instead forced to focus on high interest rates and protecting wildly volatile currencies. Ethnic composition, entrenched class-structure, and cultural norms each play significant roles in income disparity, the extent of which varies by case. The limitations of this research are firstly, that regression analysis is inconclusive; no strong correlation between growth and inequality can be observed, even within the highly unequal region of Latin America.. Further, tax data, which provides the basis for measurements of income inequality, varies from country to country, making cross-country statistical meta-analysis difficult. Lastly, data was not collectible until the early 1980s, and has missing observations, further complicating the task of statistical analysis. Thus, this study bases its findings on empirical evidence, data, and basic economic theory, in explaining the factors and causes of inequality.
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Haydel, Nia Woods. "Without sanctuary lynching photography in America, a case study on a higher education partnership for social justice education /." mixed, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12062007-121141/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. Philo Hutcheson, committee chair; Marybeth Gasman, Joyce E King, Richard Lakes, committee members. Electronic text (199 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed August 7, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 156-164).
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Books on the topic "Racism – America"

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Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. Racism without racists: Color-blind racism and racial inequality in contemporary America. 3rd ed. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2010.

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Bender, David L. Racism in America. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1991.

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Racism in contemporary America. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1996.

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Ray, Rashawn, and Hoda Mahmoudi. Systemic Racism in America. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003225324.

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Racism, the inevitable in America. New York: Vantage Press, 1987.

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Abakwue, S. A. God forgive America. San Jose: Authors Choice Press, 2001.

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The persistence of racism in America. Lanham, Md: Littlefield Adams Quality Paperbacks, 1993.

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Dijk, Teun Adrianus van, 1943-, Barquin Elisa, and Hibbett Alexandra, eds. Racism and discourse in Latin America. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2009.

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The persistence of racism in America. Lanham: University Press of America, 1992.

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Ma, Yung-Kuan. The examination of racism in America and reconciling McCain vs. Obama with racism in America. [Longwood, Fla.?]: Xulon Press, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Racism – America"

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Teelucksingh, Jerome. "Institutional Racism." In Civil Rights in America and the Caribbean, 1950s–2010s, 11–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67456-8_2.

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Fernandez, John P. "Racism and Sexism in Corporate America." In Ensuring Minority Success in Corporate Management, 71–99. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5517-5_5.

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Geary, Adam M. "Rethinking AIDS in Black America." In Antiblack Racism and the AIDS Epidemic, 1–29. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137438034_1.

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Blee, Kathleen, and Kelsy Burke. "Teaching About Organized Racism." In Teaching Race and Anti-Racism in Contemporary America, 65–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7101-7_7.

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Cazenave, Noel A. "Teaching About Systemic White Racism." In Teaching Race and Anti-Racism in Contemporary America, 249–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7101-7_24.

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Brown, Jacqueline Nassy. "Black Liverpool, Black America, and the Gendering of Diasporic Space." In Theories of Race and Racism, 115–44. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003276630-9.

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Arias, Arturo. "Violence and Coloniality in Latin America: An Alternative Reading of Subalternization, Racialization and Viscerality." In Eurocentrism, Racism and Knowledge, 47–64. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137292896_3.

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Giroux, Henry A. "Disposable Youth, Racism, and the Politics of Zero Tolerance." In America on the Edge, 175–88. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403984364_11.

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Dulitzky, Ariel E. "A Region in Denial: Racial Discrimination and Racism in Latin America." In Neither Enemies nor Friends, 39–59. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403982636_2.

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Kinefuchi, Etsuko. "Environmental Racism and Environmental Justice in North America." In The Palgrave Handbook of Global Sustainability, 1–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38948-2_74-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Racism – America"

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Wang, Ruoxi. "Anti-Black Racism and Educational Equity Policies in America." In 2020 5th International Conference on Modern Management and Education Technology (MMET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201023.029.

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Silva, Fernanda, Hellen Marquezini, and Lilian Assis. "Precisamos falar sobre o ódio que você semeia: uma análise fílmica do racismo institucionalizado." In Simpósio Internacional Trabalho, Relações de Trabalho, Educação e Identidade. Appos, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47930/1980-685x.2020.1605.

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Este artigo teve por objetivo promover reflexões, por meio de uma análise fílmica, a respeito da institucionalização do racismo na sociedade estadunidense a partir da análise do filme O Ódio que Você Semeia (The Hate U Give), de modo a alinhar a visão unilateral da evolução da sociedade às discussões acerca do racismo junto à população negra. A pesquisa torna-se relevante em virtude dos recentes casos de homicídios de homens negros cometidos pela polícia norte americana sem que houvesse fato motivador, despertando na população afroamericana a indignação e a percepção que se tratavam de crimes de ódio racial. A recorrência de casos provocou um levante popular denominado Black Lives Matter. Para atingimento do objetivo proposto, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a institucionalização histórica do racismo e suas novas formas de expressão bem como a reorientação da sociedade no que tange o contexto discursivo racial. Em seguida, foi realizada a apresentação do filme objeto de análise e a análise de cinco trechos do filme de forma a explorar os conceitos apresentados. Os resultados mostraram que O filme O Ódio que Você Semeia possui elevada carga reflexiva acerca do racismo institucionalizado na sociedade estadunidense permitindo ilustrar como ocorrem os processos e a relação racista da sociedade no referido contexto. Essa análise se ateve ao filme anteriormente citado. Apesar de trazer contribuições ao tema, não deve ser generalizada.
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Mizelle, Nathalie, James Maiden, Quintin Boston, and Anthony Andrews. "Systematic Racism: Racial Disparities in Mental Health during COVID-19." In 2nd Annual Faculty Senate Research Conference: Higher Education During Pandemics. AIJR Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.135.10.

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Systemic racism exacerbates the adverse impacts of social determinants of health, causing health disparities for African Americans. The COVID-19 pandemic's effect on communities of color has provided more attention and respect to African Americans' need for mental health care. This conceptual article explores COVID-19 and systemic racism disproportionately affecting African Americans' mental health and psychological well-being. The article also provides recommendations for counselor educators and mental health professionals to combat the problem.
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Wills, John. ""It's Not Racist Because They're Not a Race": Race, Racism, and Japanese American Incarceration." In 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1575381.

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Soelistyarini, Titien Diah. "The World through the Eyes of an Asian American: Exploring Verbal and Visual Expressions in a Graphic Memoir." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.6-5.

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This study aims at exploring verbal and visual expressions of Asian American immigrants depicted in Malaka Gharib’s I was Their American Dream: A Graphic Memoir (2019). Telling a story of the author’s childhood experience growing up as a bicultural child in America, the graphic memoir shows the use of code-switching from English to Tagalog and Arabic as well as the use of pejorative terms associated with typical stereotypes of the Asian American. Apart from the verbal codes, images also play a significant role in this graphic memoir by providing visual representations to support the narrative. By applying theories of code-switching, this paper examines the types of and reasons for code-switching in the graphic memoir. The linguistic analysis is further supported by non-narrative analysis of images in the memoir as a visual representation of Asian American cultural identity. This study reveals that code-switching is mainly applied to highlight the author’s mixed cultural background as well as to imply both personal and sociopolitical empowerment for minorities, particularly Asian Americans. Furthermore, through the non-narrative analysis, this paper shows that in her drawings, Gharib refuses to inscribe stereotypical racial portrayal of the diverse characters and focuses more on beliefs, values, and experiences that make her who she is, a Filipino-Egyptian American.
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Johnston, Anthony. ""Being White Means Being Seen as Racist": Trump Effect and Racial Violence in an American High School." In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1433560.

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Johnson, Bonnie. "History of Women's Air Racing in America." In 41st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2003-293.

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Stevenson, Zollie. "Racism as a Public Health Issue Impacting African Americans." In 2021 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1691744.

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Cai, Junhan. "Social Media on Racism of African American in USA." In 2021 International Conference on Social Development and Media Communication (SDMC 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220105.031.

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Murphy, Adam, Ken Batai, Ebony Shah, and Rick A. Kittles. "Abstract C32: Native American genetic ancestry is protective against prostate cancer in African Americans and European Americans." In Abstracts: Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; November 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, Georgia. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp15-c32.

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Reports on the topic "Racism – America"

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Kenes, Bulent. Richard B. Spencer: The founder of alt-right presents racism in a chic new outfit. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/lp0010.

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Richard Bertrand Spencer is a well-groomed, well-educated advocate for the creation of a “white ethno-state” in North America for a “dispossessed white race.” He has also called for “peaceful ethnic cleansing” to halt the “deconstruction” of what he describes as “white culture” and to achieve a “white homeland.” Spencer has become the most recognizable public face of the white supremacist and nationalist movements. As an ardent white supremacist and ethnonationalist, Spencer says America belongs to white people, who he claims have higher average IQs than Hispanics and African Americans, and that the latter are genetically predisposed to crime. In Spencer’s “America,” Asians, Muslims, and Jews don’t qualify as “white” either.
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Овчаров, Артем Валерьевич. Криминологические аспекты современных расовых конфликтов в США. DOI CODE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/2074-1944-2021-0367.

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The article is devoted to the criminological aspect of the problem of racial conflicts in the United States of America. The author examines the concept of racial conflict and characterizes the causes of these conflicts. The article provides a brief criminological description of crime motivated by racial, national or religious hatred and enmity and analyzes the statistical data of both racial crime in the United States and crimes committed by representatives of different races
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Boustan, Leah Platt. Racial Residential Segregation in American Cities. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19045.

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Leeds, Michael, and Hugh Rockoff. Jim Crow in the Saddle: The Expulsion of African American Jockeys from American Racing. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28167.

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Johnson, Kenneth M., and Daniel Lichter. Growing Racial Diversity in Rural America: Results from the 2020 Census. University of New Hampshire Libraries, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34051/p/2022.09.

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Shertzer, Allison, and Randall Walsh. Racial Sorting and the Emergence of Segregation in American Cities. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22077.

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Collins, William, and Michael Moody. Racial Differences in American Women's Labor Market Outcomes: A Long-Run View. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23397.

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Heckman, James. The American Family in Black and White: A Post-Racial Strategy for Improving Skills to Promote Equality. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16841.

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Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. Equality Denied: Tech and African Americans. Institute for New Economic Thinking, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp177.

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Thus far in reporting the findings of our project “Fifty Years After: Black Employment in the United States Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,” our analysis of what has happened to African American employment over the past half century has documented the importance of manufacturing employment to the upward socioeconomic mobility of Blacks in the 1960s and 1970s and the devastating impact of rationalization—the permanent elimination of blue-collar employment—on their socioeconomic mobility in the 1980s and beyond. The upward mobility of Blacks in the earlier decades was based on the Old Economy business model (OEBM) with its characteristic “career-with-one-company” (CWOC) employment relations. At its launching in 1965, the policy approach of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission assumed the existence of CWOC, providing corporate employees, Blacks included, with a potential path for upward socioeconomic mobility over the course of their working lives by gaining access to productive opportunities and higher pay through stable employment within companies. It was through these internal employment structures that Blacks could potentially overcome barriers to the long legacy of job and pay discrimination. In the 1960s and 1970s, the generally growing availability of unionized semiskilled jobs gave working people, including Blacks, the large measure of employment stability as well as rising wages and benefits characteristic of the lower levels of the middle class. The next stage in this process of upward socioeconomic mobility should have been—and in a nation as prosperous as the United States could have been—the entry of the offspring of the new Black blue-collar middle class into white-collar occupations requiring higher educations. Despite progress in the attainment of college degrees, however, Blacks have had very limited access to the best employment opportunities as professional, technical, and administrative personnel at U.S. technology companies. Since the 1980s, the barriers to African American upward socioeconomic mobility have occurred within the context of the marketization (the end of CWOC) and globalization (accessibility to transnational labor supplies) of high-tech employment relations in the United States. These new employment relations, which stress interfirm labor mobility instead of intrafirm employment structures in the building of careers, are characteristic of the rise of the New Economy business model (NEBM), as scrutinized in William Lazonick’s 2009 book, Sustainable Prosperity in the New Economy? Business Organization and High-Tech Employment in the United States (Upjohn Institute). In this paper, we analyze the exclusion of Blacks from STEM (science, technology, engineering, math) occupations, using EEO-1 employment data made public, voluntarily and exceptionally, for various years between 2014 and 2020 by major tech companies, including Alphabet (Google), Amazon, Apple, Cisco, Facebook (now Meta), Hewlett Packard Enterprise, HP Inc., Intel, Microsoft, PayPal, Salesforce, and Uber. These data document the vast over-representation of Asian Americans and vast under-representation of African Americans at these tech companies in recent years. The data also shine a light on the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of large masses of lower-paid labor in the United States at leading U.S. tech companies, including tens of thousands of sales workers at Apple and hundreds of thousands of laborers & helpers at Amazon. In the cases of Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and Intel, we have access to EEO-1 data from earlier decades that permit in-depth accounts of the employment transitions that characterized the demise of OEBM and the rise of NEBM. Given our findings from the EEO-1 data analysis, our paper then seeks to explain the enormous presence of Asian Americans and the glaring absence of African Americans in well-paid employment under NEBM. A cogent answer to this question requires an understanding of the institutional conditions that have determined the availability of qualified Asians and Blacks to fill these employment opportunities as well as the access of qualified people by race, ethnicity, and gender to the employment opportunities that are available. Our analysis of the racial/ethnic determinants of STEM employment focuses on a) stark differences among racial and ethnic groups in educational attainment and performance relevant to accessing STEM occupations, b) the decline in the implementation of affirmative-action legislation from the early 1980s, c) changes in U.S. immigration policy that favored the entry of well-educated Asians, especially with the passage of the Immigration Act of 1990, and d) consequent social barriers that qualified Blacks have faced relative to Asians and whites in accessing tech employment as a result of a combination of statistical discrimination against African Americans and their exclusion from effective social networks.
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Margo, Robert. Accounting for Racial Differences in School Attendance in the American South, 1900: The Role of Separate-But-Equal. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2242.

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