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Journal articles on the topic 'Racialism; Ethnography'
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1
Poster, W. "Racialism, sexuality, and masculinity: gendering 'global ethnography' of the workplace." Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2002): 126–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sp/9.1.126.
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Palmer, Fileve T. "Racialism and Representation in the Rainbow Nation." SAGE Open 6, no. 4 (October 2016): 215824401667387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244016673873.
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Despite a commitment to non-racialism in the South African Constitution and anthropology’s steadfast position that race is a social construction, race is still a highly valued ideology with real-life implications for citizens. In South Africa, racialism particularly affects heterogeneous, multigenerational, multiethnic creole people known as “Coloureds.” The larger category of Coloured is often essentialized based on its intermediary status between Black and White and its relationship to South Africa’s “mother city” (Cape Town, where the majority of Coloured people live). Through research on Coloured identity in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, I show how the nuances of personal and collective histories, spatial constraints, and education affect the identities of youth and elders differently from their Cape counterparts. By incorporating a photo-voice methodology, which I called Photo Ethnography Project (PEP), participants produced their own visual materials and challenged essentialized versions of themselves (specifically) and South Africa (in general). Through three public displays of photography and narratives, youth in three communities answered the question of what it means to be Coloured in today’s rainbow nation.
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Krivonos, Daria. "Claims to whiteness: Young unemployed Russian-speakers’ declassificatory struggles in Finland." Sociological Review 66, no. 6 (October 17, 2017): 1145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038026117737412.
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This article analyses the position of young unemployed Russian-speaking migrants in Finland as being both racialised and racialising Others. Young Russian-speakers’ claims to whiteness are analysed against the backdrop of their racialised position as well as the neoliberal reshaping of class relations in Finland. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork on young Russian-speakers’ employment in Helsinki, the article shows that young Russian-speakers’ racialisation of Others is a modality through which their own racialised class position is lived and narrated. Through such boundary-making processes young Russian-speakers resist being classified as ‘welfare abusers’, the unemployed and low-skilled workers. The article argues that young Russian-speakers’ efforts to be recognised as white should be understood as a struggle against classification, through which they generate alternative value as deserving citizens and respectable workers.
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Nichols, Naomi. "Technologies of evidence: An institutional ethnography from the standpoints of ‘youth-at-risk’." Critical Social Policy 37, no. 4 (February 17, 2017): 604–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261018317690664.
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In this article, I investigate the social relations of evidence that transverse and connect schools, homes, the streets, and the courts. This institutional ethnography begins in the standpoints of racialised and ‘at-risk youth’ to investigate how institutional practices – embedded in and constitutive of the new relations of capital and exchange referred to as the knowledge economy – (re)produce intersecting social relations of objectification and exclusion. Beginning with young people’s experiences of silencing and misrepresentation in public sector institutions, the article examines how different forms of evidence are produced and used across the various institutional settings where young people are active. The study demonstrates how seemingly objective institutional processes actually produce the experiences of diminishment and exclusion that young people described.
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Krivonos, Daria. "The making of gendered ‘migrant workers’ in youth activation: The case of young Russian-speakers in Finland." Current Sociology 67, no. 3 (March 8, 2019): 401–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392118824363.
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The article focuses on young Russian-speaking migrants’ day-to-day institutional encounters with labour market activation policies in Finland. The analysis contributes to the discussion on labour activation through analysing the workings of gender, migration and racialisation in welfare encounters through ethnographically grounded research. The argument of the article is two-fold. First, it argues that migrant and racialised minority populations are sustained in a ‘migrant worker’ subject position not only through exclusion from rights and legal status, but also through the targeted inclusion of the ‘undeserving’ poor with formal rights into worker-citizenship through workfare. Second, the article shows racialisation of ‘migrant workers’ as a gendered process with essentialised gendered logics of what skills migrant men and women supposedly possess ‘naturally’. Activation thus maintains and exacerbates the segregation of migrant and racialised youth into gendered and racialised labour markets. The analysis is based on ethnographic fieldwork in youth career counselling in a metropolitan area of Finland in 2015–2016.
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Brown, Anthony L. "Racialised subjectivities: a critical examination of ethnography on Black males in the USA, 1960s to early 2000s." Ethnography and Education 6, no. 1 (March 2011): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17457823.2011.553078.
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de Koning, Martijn. "“For them it is just a story, for me it is my life.” Ethnography and the Security Gaze." Journal of Muslims in Europe 9, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 220–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22117954-12341418.
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Abstract In this article I reflect upon my own work on Salafism in the Netherlands, particularly with militant activists, in order to think through some of the ethical and methodological dilemmas that arose throughout the research when many of my interlocutors left for Syria to join Jahbat al-Nusra and/or IS(IS). This culminated in my becoming a witness and an Expert Witness at a trial, testifying against several of my known contacts. After introducing this research and outlining my experiences in court, I set out to show how academic knowledge about Salafism and militant activism is used in a process of racialised categorisation and closure. This article contributes to critical reflections on the positionalities of social scientists and of social science in public in a context of racial securitisation and politicisation.
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ALVES, JAIME AMPARO. "‘Blood in Reasoning’: State Violence, Contested Territories and Black Criminal Agency in Urban Brazil." Journal of Latin American Studies 48, no. 1 (October 26, 2015): 61–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x15000838.
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AbstractThis article examines black criminal agency in the context of drug trafficking and territorial control by the Primeiro Comando da Capital (First Capital Command, PCC), a self-identified criminal organisation in São Paulo's favelas. It argues that black youth's racialised encounters with the police shape their political praxis in the city. Since in the racial imaginary, they are constantly linked to crime and violence, and since their criminalised status justifies mass incarceration and death by the police, criminality appears as a valid category to better understand not only their fate but also their agency. Ethnographic fieldwork carried out in 2009 and 2010 in a hyper-impoverished, predominately black slum community, along with weekly visits to a local detention centre in São Paulo, informs the author's analysis of the PCC's controversial languages of resistance and the gendered and racialised outcomes that emerge from their attempts to fend off the state in such topographies of domination.
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Ifekwunigwe, Jayne O. "Entangled Belongings." African Diaspora 11, no. 1-2 (December 9, 2019): 193–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18725465-01101004.
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Abstract Based on auto/biographical and ethnographic narratives and conceptual theories, this essay explores the Global African Diaspora as a racialised space of belonging for African diasporas in the US, the UK, and – more recently – the clandestine migration zones from Africa to southern Europe. Both approaches are used to illustrate the author’s roots, routes, and detours; an interpretive paradigm highlighting the interconnectedness across time and space of differential African diasporas. The critical analysis interrogates transnational modalities of black and Global African Diasporic kinship, consciousness, and solidarity engendered by shared lived experiences of institutionalised racism, structural inequalities, and violence.
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Zambelli, Elena. "Between a curse and a resource: the meanings of women’s racialised sexuality in contemporary Italy." Modern Italy 23, no. 2 (November 27, 2017): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mit.2017.64.
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This article explores the racialisation of women’s sexuality in contemporary Italy at the intersection between the national imagination and transnational cultural and commodity flows. Starting from the experience of a young Italian woman whose work centres on the commodification of her sexual desirability and who is recurrently classified as ‘foreign’, it discusses the roots as well as effects of the racialised male gaze under which she negotiates her agency. In so doing, it examines the meanings of her failure to be recognised as an Italian citizen as she navigates between contempt and desire, stigma and praise, alienation and pleasure. On the one hand, the article traces the thread between her experience and the othering processes underpinning the construction of Italy as a nation state and an empire, and whose legacies persist in the country’s postcolonial present. On the other hand, the article explores women’s racialisation as a process which can magnify the social and economic value of their desirability in a context increasingly characterised by the sexualisation of culture and trade. Based on ethnographic research undertaken in 2012–2013, this article contributes to the emerging body of postcolonial scholarship and intersectional studies on women’s sexuality in contemporary Italy.
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Lundberg, Anita, Kalala Ngalamulume, Jean Segata, Arbaayah Ali Termizi, and Chrystopher J. Spicer. "Pandemic, Plague, Pestilence and the Tropics: Critical Inquiries from Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences." eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the Tropics 20, no. 1 (April 19, 2021): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/etropic.20.1.2021.3802.
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The Tropics have long been associated with exotic diseases and epidemics. This historical imaginary arose with Aristotle’s notion of the tropics as the ‘torrid zone’, a geographical region virtually uninhabitable to temperate peoples due to the hostility of its climate, and persisted in colonial imaginaries of the tropics as pestilential latitudes requiring slave labour. The tropical sites of colonialism gave rise to urgent studies of tropical diseases which lead to (racialised) changes in urban planning. The Tropics as a region of pandemic, plague and pestilence has been challenged during the COVID-19 pandemic. The novel coronavirus did not (simply) originate in the tropics, nor have peoples of the tropics been specifically or exclusively infected. The papers collected in this Special Issue disrupt the imaginary of pandemics, plague and pestilence in association with the tropics through critical, nuanced, and situated inquiries from cultural history, ethnography, cultural studies, science and technology studies, Indigenous knowledge, philosophy, anthropology, urban studies, cultural geography, literature and film analyses, and expressed through distinctive academic articles, poetry and speculative fiction.
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Gupta, Hemangini. "Testing the Future: Gender and Technocapitalism in Start-Up India." Feminist Review 123, no. 1 (November 2019): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0141778919879740.
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In this article I examine how start-up capitalism recalibrates transnational ‘outsourcing’ or the work of so-called ‘cyber coolies’ to instead create labour as a site of innovation and experimental consumption. First, I draw on ethnographic fieldwork in India to theorise digital labour as a form of experimental mediation and temporal work oriented to the future. Second, I show how work is deeply embodied and centres on the racialised and gendered bodies of non-elite workers. Finally, I show how invitations to innovate with work processes encourage workers to cultivate attachments of love and care for the company that ultimately privatise affect and conceal class and labour hierarchies. Tracing employees’ experiences through a period of automation and layoffs, this article argues for an understanding of how precarious feminised work creates the conditions of possibility for postcolonial and transnational technocapitalism to flourish.
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Macioti, P. G., Eurydice Aroney, Calum Bennachie, Anne E. Fehrenbacher, Calogero Giametta, Heidi Hoefinger, Nicola Mai, and Jennifer Musto. "Framing the Mother Tac: The Racialised, Sexualised and Gendered Politics of Modern Slavery in Australia." Social Sciences 9, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9110192.
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Centred on the slavery trial “Crown vs. Rungnapha Kanbut” heard in Sydney, New South Wales, between 10 April and 15 May 2019, this article seeks to frame the figure of the “Mother Tac” or the “mother of contract”, also called “mama tac” or “mae tac”—a term used amongst Thai migrants to describe a woman who hosts, collects debts from, and organises work for Thai migrant sex workers in their destination country. It proposes that this largely unexplored figure has come to assume a disproportionate role in the “modern slavery” approach to human trafficking, with its emphasis on absolute victims and individual offenders. The harms suffered by Kanbut’s victims are put into context by referring to existing literature on women accused of trafficking; interviews with Thai migrant sex workers, including Kanbut’s primary victim, and with members from the Australian Federal Police Human Trafficking Unit; and ethnographic field notes. The article unveils how constructions of both victim and offender, as well as definitions of slavery, are racialised, gendered, and sexualised and rely on the victims’ subjective accounts of bounded exploitation. By documenting these and other limitations involved in a criminal justice approach, the authors reveal its shortfalls. For instance, while harsh sentences are meant as a deterrence to others, the complex and structural roots of migrant labour exploitation remain unaffected. This research finds that improved legal migration pathways, the decriminalisation of the sex industry, and improved access to information and support for migrant sex workers are key to reducing heavier forms of labour exploitation, including human trafficking, in the Australian sex industry.
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Bonhomme, Macarena. "Racism in multicultural neighbourhoods in Chile: Housing precarity and coexistence in a migratory context." Bitácora Urbano Territorial 31, no. 1 (November 3, 2020): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/bitacora.v31n1.88180.
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Chile is one of the countries with major destination flows from Latin America. In such a context, new distinctions and racial formations have emerged, establishing different forms of social exclusion and racism that are performed in the everyday interaction and socio-cultural practices that take place in residential neighbourhoods. This research is based on one of the most multicultural boroughs in Santiago, Recoleta, historically located in a territory called ‘La Chimba.’ The aim is to examine the intercultural coexistence in increasingly multicultural neighbourhoods in the context of South-South migration, in order to discuss the emerging social conflict, understanding how housing policies and limited access to decent housing by migrants reproduce everyday racism. Drawing on a larger research project that consisted in a 17-month ethnography, 70 in-depth interviews and two focus groups with migrants and Chileans between 2015 and 2018, this article shows and discusses how public spaces are racialised through social practices and interactions, and how the making of ‘race’ in urban spaces have an impact on the way in which migrants inhabit and navigate urban spaces and negotiate their ‘right to the city’ in the everyday.
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Held, Nina. "‘They look at you like an insect that wants to be squashed’: An ethnographic account of the racialized sexual spaces of Manchester’s Gay Village." Sexualities 20, no. 5-6 (December 29, 2016): 535–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460716676988.
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This article explores the interactive relationship between sexuality, ‘race’ and space. By drawing on ethnographic research with bisexual and lesbian women, it looks at the lived experiences of the intersections of sexuality and ‘race’ in a particular sexualized space, namely Manchester’s Gay Village. The article argues that this ‘primarily’ sexualized night-time leisure space is simultaneously racialized through the ways in which it is structured around whiteness, which is perpetuated through a somatic norm that operates in different ways. It explores perceptions of the Gay Village as a ‘racially neutral’ space, exclusionary practices such as door policies, practices of looking and touching, and expressions of sexual desire, all of which racialize bodies and spaces. Examining ways in which ‘race’ and sexuality work together to constitute space and how sexualized space that is inherently racialized constitutes racial-sexual subjectivities, the article demonstrates the significance of the spatial dimension of everyday intersectional experience and therefore calls for researchers to pay more attention to ‘space’ as a concept when researching intersectionalities.
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Laskar, Pia, Anna Johansson, and Diana Mulinari. "Decolonising the Rainbow Flag." Culture Unbound 8, no. 3 (February 28, 2017): 193–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.1683193.
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The aim of the article is to explore the location and the meaning given to the rainbow flag in places outside the hegemonic center. Through three case studies in the global North and South, held together by a multi-ethnographic approach, as well as a certain theoretical tension between the rainbow flag as a boundary object and/or a floating signifier, we seek to study where the flag belongs, to whom it belongs, with particular focus on how. The three case studies, which are situated in a city in the Global South (Buenos Aires), in a conflict war zone in the Middle East (the West Bank) and in a racialised neighbourhood in the Global North (Sweden), share despite their diversity a peripheral location to hegemonic forms of knowledge production regimes. Central to our analysis is how the rainbow flag is given a multitude of original and radical different meanings that may challenge the colonial/Eurocentric notions which up to a certain extent are embedded in the rainbow flag.
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Spruce, Emma. "LGBTQ situated memory, place-making and the sexual politics of gentrification." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 38, no. 5 (June 26, 2020): 961–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775820934819.
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This article draws on material from an ethnographic study in the gentrifying/gentrified London neighbourhood of Brixton to analyse the relationship between practices of LGBTQ territorialisation and the politics of neighbourhood change. It proceeds with two interrelated aims: to think critically about the ways in which LGBTQ claims to place-based belonging interact with racialised and classed ideologies of displacement and disciplining, and to explore memory’s significance in framing the relationship between LGBTQ people and place. ‘LGBTQ situated memory’ is thus introduced here as a concept that draws attention to the complex, contradictory and dynamic role that site-specific evocations of the past play in contemporary LGBTQ urban politics. By exploring three memory tropes that emerge in Brixton, I show that LGBTQ situated memory can be used to claim spatialised belonging, negotiate culpability for gentrification and disturb progress narratives. Ultimately this article both calls for, and works towards, an approach to sexual geography that foregrounds multiplicity: a multiplicity of LGBTQ situated histories and – as is reflected in the memories explored – a multiplicity of relationships between LGBTQ people and neighbourhood development.
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Bhatia, Monish. "Racial surveillance and the mental health impacts of electronic monitoring on migrants." Race & Class 62, no. 3 (January 2021): 18–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306396820963485.
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Since the late 1990s, the government has used outsourced electronic monitoring (also known as tagging) in England and Wales for criminal sentencing and punishment. Under the Asylum and Immigration (Treatment of Claimants) Act 2004, s36, the use of this technology extended to immigration controls, and individuals deemed as ‘high risk’ of harm, reoffending or absconding can be fitted with an ankle device and subjected to curfew. The tagging of migrants is not authorised by the criminal court and therefore not considered a punitive sanction. It is managed by the immigration system and treated as an administrative matter. Nevertheless, people who are tagged experience it as imprisonment and punishment. Drawing on data from an eighteen-month ethnographic research project, this article examines the impact of electronic monitoring on people seeking asylum, who completed their sentences for immigration offences. It uncovers the psychological effects and mental health impacts of such technologies of control. The article sheds light on how tagging is experienced by racialised minorities, and adds to the literature on migration, surveillance studies, state racism and violence.
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Mompelat, Laurie. "Queer of colour hauntings in London’s arts scene: performing disidentification and decolonising the gaze. A case study of the Cocoa Butter Club." Feminist Theory 20, no. 4 (August 19, 2019): 445–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464700119871850.
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This article analyses the representational stakes of queer of colour performance, by taking the case study of the Cocoa Butter Club: queer of colour cabaret night in London. Within a British landscape that has silenced queer subjectivities of colour at the intersection of race, gender and sexuality, I explore the potential of QPOC performance to redress historical erasure. To enact their presence, I argue that the Cocoa Butter Club’s performers showcase their collective disidentification from the scripts pre-assigned to their bodies within the European imagination. By doing so, they disrupt hegemonic representations of queerness and racialised otherness, making room for a multitude of queer of colour becomings kept otherwise invisible from public view. Such disidentifications unleash ‘ghosts’ into the public space, spectres of elided subjectivities and unresolved coloniality within a city that likes to think of itself as a post-racial LGBT haven. Drawing on ethnographic material and interviews with performers, I analyse what happens when such queer of colour hauntings reach the audience’s gaze. I consider their unsettling effects in relation to the white gaze, as well as their empowering function in relation to desiring QPOC subjects, seeking reflections of themselves in spectatorship.
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Sahraoui, Nina. "Gendering the care/control nexus of the humanitarian border: Women’s bodies and gendered control of mobility in a EUropean borderland." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 38, no. 5 (June 12, 2020): 905–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775820925487.
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Building upon and contributing to a feminist geography of borders, the chosen methodological approach examines women’s bodily experiences at a Southern EUropean border, the Spanish enclave of Melilla. Drawing on three months of ethnographic fieldwork, this article scrutinises the care interactions unfolding in a Centre for Immigrants between medical humanitarians and women residing there in their position as both migrants and patients. The analysis foregrounds the gendered forms of domination that the care function of the humanitarian border entails. I argue that medical humanitarians are vested with the power to decide over women’s mobility in the name of care on the basis of an entanglement of administrative and medical procedures in this border context. While women are subject to greater humanitarian intervention due to the association of their embodied states with vulnerability, the biopolitical migration management of the border grants medical humanitarians a decision-making authority. The article uncovers how medical humanitarianism, enmeshed in the border regime, yields gendered constraints from practices of immobilisation to imposed practices of mothering. It traces the rationale for these practices to racialised and gendered processes of othering that usher in perceptions of undeservingness and sustain a humanitarian claim for biopolitical responsibility over these women’s mobility.
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Pollio, Andrea. "Making the silicon cape of Africa: Tales, theories and the narration of startup urbanism." Urban Studies 57, no. 13 (January 14, 2020): 2715–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019884275.
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Silicon alleys, hills, peaks, beaches, savannahs, islands, lagoons and gulfs have mushroomed across cities of all continents, in the hope of fuelling profitable, innovative startup hubs. These Silicon-Valley replicas deploy economic theories, managerial fads, success stories and best practices that are metonymically linked to Northern California, but they also draw upon local arrangements of heterogeneous constituents: policy experts, entrepreneurs, reports, IT infrastructures, universities, coworking spaces, networking protocols and so forth. The making of one such ecosystem, Cape Town’s so-called ‘silicon cape’, is the topic of this article, which, however, does not try to uncover the specific economic and geographic factors of tech clustering. Rather, it addresses some of the narrative discourses that have framed Cape Town as the entrepreneurial capital of South Africa and Africa at large. It shows how these narrative praxes are both reflexive and ontological: they at once work as metatheories of entrepreneurial innovation in an African city and lay the groundwork for its very possibility. Via an ethnographic engagement of these textual discourses in the making, this article charts the uneasy relationship between technocapitalism and economic development in a city scarred by its colonial past and its racialised inequalities. In doing so, it shows how the discursive making of the silicon cape of Africa mobilised multiple economic sentiments, weaving together the search for profitable technology-based economies and the demand for social justice in a city of the Global South.
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Daniels-Mayes, Sheelagh. "Encounters with Racism; The Need for Courageous Conversations in Australian Initial Teacher Education Programs to Address Racial Inequality for Aboriginal Peoples." Journal of Education and Training Studies 9, no. 3 (March 7, 2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v9i3.5183.
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The strategy of courageous conversations is offered as a means of addressing racial inequity experienced by Australian Aboriginal peoples evident in society’s institutions like education. Despite teacher preparation programs efforts to prepare pre-service teachers for diversity in the classroom, the issue of racism remains problematic. The denial of racism existing in contemporary times is commonplace. Alternatively, rather than being understood as a collective and active colonial and cultural inheritance, racism has been thoroughly reconstructed as an individual moral aberration. Dialogues about racism are often difficult and may create discomfort, raise feelings of indifference, guilt, resistance, shame, and mistrust that lead to avoidance or denial allowing ‘white’ people to remain ignorant that racial issues are endemic. Such denial and avoidance is a privilege not afforded to Aboriginal peoples who have been racially constructed and measured since the onset of dispossessing colonisation in the late 18th century. To not speak of racism and how it intersects with structural inequity for Australian Aboriginal students, serves only to perpetuate dominant racialised narratives that produce and reproduce ‘white’ privilege. This paper draws on and repurposes quantitative data gathered through a two-year critical ethnographic investigation that sought to identify and document what does successful teaching of Aboriginal high school students look like and what challenges do successful teachers encounter? The research quickly revealed the many guises of racism being encountered by teachers and students, personally and professionally, overtly and covertly, within and beyond the school gates. In this paper, narratives of encounters with racism shared by participants are provided to demonstrate the need for intentional and explicit courageous conversations in our schools that start in the Initial Teacher Education classroom.
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Wemyss, Georgie. "White Memories, White Belonging: Competing Colonial Anniversaries in ‘Postcolonial’ East London." Sociological Research Online 13, no. 5 (September 2008): 50–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1801.
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This paper explores how processes of remembering past events contribute to the construction of highly racialised local and national politics of belonging in the UK. Ethnographic research and contextualised discourse analysis are used to examine two colonial anniversaries remembered in 2006: the 1606 departure of English ‘settlers’ who built the first permanent English colony in North America at Jamestown, Virginia, and the 1806 opening of the East India Docks, half a century after the East India Company took control of Bengal following the battle of Polashi. Both events were associated with the Thames waterfront location of Blackwall in the east London borough of Tower Hamlets, an area with the highest Bengali population in Britain and significant links with North America through banks and businesses based at the regenerated Canary Wharf office complex. It investigates how discourses and events associated with these two specific anniversaries and with the recent ‘regeneration’ of Blackwall, contribute to the consolidation of the dominant ‘mercantile discourse’ about the British Empire, Britishness and belonging. Challenges to the dominant discourse of the ‘celebration’ of colonial settlement in North America by competing discourses of North American Indian and African American groups are contrasted with the lack of contest to discourses that ‘celebrate’ Empire stories in contemporary Britain. The paper argues that the ‘mercantile discourse’ in Britain works to construct a sense of mutual white belonging that links white Englishness with white Americaness through emphasising links between Blackwall and Jamestown and associating the values of ‘freedom and democracy’ with colonialism. At the same time British Bengali belonging is marginalised as links between Blackwall and Bengal and the violence and oppression of British colonialism are silenced. The paper concludes with an analysis of the contemporary mobilisation of the ‘mercantile discourse’ in influential social policy and ‘regeneration’ discourse about ‘The East End’.
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Afi Quinn, Rachel. "Spinning the Zoetrope." Latin American and Latinx Visual Culture 1, no. 3 (July 2019): 44–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/lavc.2019.130005.
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Over the last decade, Dominican American Hollywood actress Zoe Saldaña has graced countless magazine covers and starred in numerous blockbuster films viewed worldwide. Her mixed-race body and her ability to visually represent both black and Latina identity have had broad appeal in the global marketplace. This transnational feminist cultural studies analysis of Saldaña as text argues that narratives of her racial identity as Dominican and her resulting racial malleability allow viewers to project a wide range of racialized fantasies onto her Afro-Latina body. It proposes that the fact that Saldaña’s blackness is in flux, depending on where she is read and whether she is read by US or Dominican racial logics, makes her that much more provocative to viewers. Ethnographic notes on her reception in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, illustrate the shifting significance of her identity as her image crosses borders. Examinations of Saldaña in print advertising, on Calvin Klein’s interactive website, and in the films Avatar (2009) and The Losers (2010) reveal how her racialized femininity can be mobilized as well as customized for viewers as they choose how to interpret her racial meaning. Saldaña’s visual ambiguity in black-and-white advertising has now been transformed into the ambiguity of exoticized nonhuman species and performed under blue and green makeup. Nevertheless, narratives about her identity that viewers carry shape how she is read and desired, even as an alien from an intergalactic future. RESUMEN Durante la última década, la actriz de Hollywood Zoe Saldaña, dominicano-estadounidense, ha aparecido en innumerables portadas de revistas y ha protagonizado numerosas películas de gran éxito vistas en todo el mundo. Según se ha visto, su cuerpo de raza mixta y su capacidad de representar visualmente tanto la identidad negra como la latina tienen un gran atractivo en el mercado global. En el presente análisis de Saldaña como texto, que se fundamenta teóricamente en el feminismo transnacional y los estudios culturales, sostengo que las narrativas de la identidad racial de Saldaña como dominicana, y su resultante maleabilidad racial, permiten al público proyectar una gran variedad de fantasías racializadas sobre su cuerpo afrolatino. Sostengo que el hecho de que la negritud de Saldaña sea de difícil definición la hace tanto más provocativa para el público espectador, ya que depende de dónde la lean y de si la leen las lógicas raciales estadounidenses o dominicanas. Algunas notas etnográficas sobre su recepción en Santo Domingo, República Dominicana, constituyen un ejemplo de cómo cambia su identidad cuando su imagen cruza fronteras. Los análisis de Saldaña en publicidad impresa, en el sitio web interactivo de Calvin Klein y en las películas Avatar (2009) y The Losers (2010) revelan las maneras en que su feminidad racializada puede ser aprovechada y personalizada para un público que decide cómo va a interpretarla en términos raciales. La ambigüedad visual de Saldaña en la publicidad en blanco y negro ahora ha sido transformada en la ambigüedad de especies exóticas no humanas, y ha sido puesta en escena con maquillaje azul y verde. Sin embargo, las ideas preconcebidas que tiene el público sobre su identidad condicionan la manera en que se la lee y se la desea, incluso cuando hace el papel de alienígena de un futuro intergaláctico. RESUMO Na última década, a atriz domínico-americana Zoe Saldaña apareceu na capa de inúmeras revistas e estrelou muitos filmes de sucesso exibidos em todo o mundo. Seu corpo mestiço e sua habilidade de visualmente representar a identidade tanto latina quanto negra demonstraram ter amplo apelo no mercado global. Nesta análise – proveniente dos estudos culturais transnacionais feministas – de Saldaña como texto, eu argumento que as narrativas de sua identidade racial como dominicana e sua resultante maleabilidade racial permitem que espectadores projetem um amplo espectro de fantasias racializadas sobre o seu corpo afro-latino. Eu argumento que o fato de a negritude de Saldaña estar em fluxo, dependendo de onde ela é lida e se ela é lida por lógicas raciais americanas ou dominicanas, a torna tanto mais provocativa aos espectadores. Anotações etnográficas sobre sua recepção em Santo Domingo, na República Dominicana, ilustram a mudança de significado de sua identidade à medida que sua imagem cruza as fronteiras. Averiguação sobre Saldaña em publicidade impressa, no site interativo da Calvin Klein e nos filmes Avatar (2009) e Os Perdedores (2010), revelam os modos pelos quais sua feminilidade racializada pode ser mobilizada, assim como customizada, por espectadores ao passo que eles escolhem como interpretar seu significado racial. A ambiguidade visual de Saldaña na publicidade em preto e branco é agora transformada na ambiguidade de um espécie não-humana exoticizada e performada sob maquiagem azul e verde. No entanto, narrativas sobre sua identidade que o espectador carrega informam como ela está sendo lida e desejada, mesmo como uma alienígena do futuro intergaláctico.
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CAIXETA, Izabela Amaral. "Consciências Libertárias, Práticas Colonizadas: Docência e Saúde Através da Pandemia." INTERRITÓRIOS 6, no. 11 (August 6, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33052/inter.v6i11.247746.
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Em meio a pandemia do COVID 19, a educação pública no Distrito Federal aposta no retorno remoto às atividades pedagógicas, normalizando as desigualdades sócio raciais quanto ao acesso e à garantia de condições de estudo e trabalho das comunidades escolares, esvaziando também a importância das construções coletivas das ações. Busca-se aqui cartografar, desde um olhar auto etnográfico, as dinâmicas interseccionais das opressões presentes nos processos de saúde e adoecimento que afetam a educação através desse contexto de pandemia racializada. Indaga-se em que medida o enfrentamento ativo ao epistemicídio e ao racismo estrutural como horizontes contra coloniais na educação pública podem atuar como ações de promoção da saúde para além dessa experiência atual. Argumenta-se que a descolonização de consciências e subjetividades, enquanto necessário papel pedagógico, podem trazer lugares de cura e fomentar engajamento coletivo para uma co-construção de novos mundos.Educação. Saúde. Contracolonialismo. Epistemicídio. Racismo. ABSTRACTIn the midst of the COVID 19 pandemic, public education in the Federal District is committed to the remote return to educational activities, normalizing social-racial inequalities in terms of access and the guarantee of study and work conditions for school communities, also emptying the importance of collective constructions of actions. The aim here is to map, from a self-ethnographic perspective, the intersectional dynamics of oppression present in the health and illness processes that affect education through this context of a racialized pandemic. The question is to what extent active confrontation with epistemicide and structural racism as horizons against colonialism in public education can act as actions to promote health beyond this current experience. It is argued that decolonization of consciences and subjectivities, while necessary pedagogical role, can bring places of healing and foster collective engagement for a co-construction of new worlds.Education. Health. Intersectionality. Counter-colonialism. Epistemicide.RESUMENEn medio de la pandemia de COVID 19, la educación pública en el Distrito Federal apuesta por el retorno remoto a las actividades pedagógicas, normalizando las desigualdades socio-raciales en términos de acceso y garantía de estudio y condiciones de trabajo para las comunidades escolares, también vaciando la importancia de construcción colectiva de acciones. El objetivo aquí es mapear, desde una perspectiva auto-etnográfica, la dinámica interseccional de la opresión presente en los procesos de salud y enfermedad que afectan la educación a través de este contexto de pandemia racializada. cómo los horizontes anticoloniales en la educación pública pueden actuar como acciones de promoción de la salud más allá de esta experiencia actual. Se argumenta que la descolonización de las conciencias y las subjetividades, como un papel pedagógico necesario, puede traer lugares de curación y alentar el compromiso colectivo para la co-construcción de nuevos mundos.Educación. Salud. contra-colonialismo. Epistemicida. Racismo.RIASSUNTONella pandemia di COVID 19, l'istruzione pubblica nel Distretto Federale punta sul ritorno remoto alle attività pedagogiche, normalizzando le disparità socio-razziali in termini di accesso e garanzia di studio e condizioni di lavoro per le comunità scolastiche, svuotando anche l'importanza di costruzione collettiva di azioni. L'obiettivo qui è quello di mappare, da una prospettiva autoetnografica, le dinamiche intersezionali dell'oppressione presente nei processi di salute e malattia che influenzano l'educazione attraverso questo contesto di pandemia razziale e indaga il grado di confronto attivo con epistemicida e razzismo strutturale come gli orizzonti anticoloniali nell'istruzione pubblica possono agire come azioni di promozione della salute oltre questa esperienza attuale. Si sostiene che la decolonizzazione di coscienze e soggettività, in quanto ruolo pedagogico necessario, può portare luoghi di guarigione e favorire l'impegno collettivo per la co-costruzione di nuovi mondi.Istruzione. Salute. Contro-colonialismo. Epistemicide. Razzismo.
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Kolbe, Kristina. "Producing (Musical) Difference: Power, Practices and Inequalities in Diversity Initiatives in Germany’s Classical Music Sector." Cultural Sociology, August 28, 2021, 174997552110394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17499755211039437.
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This article examines whether diversity debates in the Western cultural industries can contribute to the undoing of racialised representations of otherness or reproduce ‘race’-making logics. Based on a year-long ethnography of diversity efforts made at an opera house in Germany, I explore how difference is negotiated in the production of two opera pieces meant to bring together Western and Turkish musical practices. I specifically examine how power relations around ‘race’ and ethnicity play out in processes of commissioning, composing and rehearsal. Situating these creative practices within classical music’s institutional histories and wider discourses of citizenship and belonging in Germany, I examine to what extent racialised representations of difference are challenged or remade. I document how diversity initiatives in the cultural industries, even when aimed at institutional change, proceed within hierarchical parameters that can perpetuate the marginalisation of racialised others, their continued construction as otherness, and the persistence of institutional whiteness.
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Potter, J. L. "Selectively permeable national borders: An ethnographic study of a pre-entry TB screening centre." European Journal of Public Health 30, Supplement_5 (September 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.797.
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Abstract Background The securitisation of borders against the threat of invading microbes, carried by immigrant bodies, is not a new phenomenon. Tuberculosis (TB), transmitted through coughing, has been a core member of the infectious diseases deemed important to control for more than a century. Following evidence suggesting airport screening for TB using chest x-rays was ad hoc, ineffective and costly, the UK - following in the footsteps of other high-income, low TB-burden countries - moved to pre-entry screening of migrants for TB. Thus the 'biosecuritisation' of immigrant bodies was shifted off-shore. Since 2014, pre-entry screening for TB has been a mandatory part of the visa application system for those moving to the UK for a period of 6 months or longer from high-incidence countries. This ethnographic study explores how pre-entry screening is experienced by migrants. Methods Data was drawn from a project exploring migrants' experiences of accessing healthcare. This involved a focused ethnography, comprising 180 hours of field work over four weeks including interviews with clients and staff, in a pre-entry TB screening centre in India in 2017. During this time over 1000 individuals were screened for active pulmonary TB as part of their visa application. In addition, 14 in-depth interviews were conducted with migrants diagnosed with TB in the UK. Foucault's concept 'governmentality' and sociological theories of bordering were used alongside thematic analysis to analyse the data. Results This study reveals the previously undocumented harms experienced by individuals who are required to undergo pre-entry screening for TB. Through the 'biosecuritisation' of some, but not all, off-shore bodies; some, but not all, off-shore TB; some, but not all, infectious diseases; pre-entry screening becomes a border force, reinforcing global inequities and racialised hierarchies. In this context, I argue pre-entry screening makes UK citizens live while letting 'others' die. Key messages Pre-entry screening marks migrants as ‘other’ in a global, racialised, hierarchy of TB risk that ignores intra-country heterogeneity, obfuscating solutions that might reduce inter-country inequities. The global health security agenda must consider the experiences of those caught up in its policies and practices in order to ensure disease control does not do more harm than good.
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Näre, Lena, and Anastasia Diatlova. "Ageing/body/sex/work – Migrant women’s narratives of intimacy and ageing in commercial sex and elder care work." Sexualities, July 28, 2020, 136346072094459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460720944590.
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This article analyses how sex and elder-care workers negotiate intimacy and ageing in their work. We find surprising similarities between sex and care work that derive from the ways in which Eastern European migrant women are sexualised in the sites of our studies: Italy and Finland. The bodywork and intimate labour conducted by the women is defined in part by the social status of their work in society, in part by the ageing bodies upon whom the work is done, and in part by the ways in which the bodies of the workers are gendered, sexualised and racialised. The article draws on interview and participant observation data collected during two ethnographic research projects with female migrants from post-socialist countries working as eldercare workers in Italy and in sex workers in Finland.
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Gamlin, Jennie. "Coloniality and the political economy of gender: Edgework in Juárez City." Urban Studies, April 28, 2021, 004209802110038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00420980211003842.
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The manner in which urban locations are drawn into the global economy defines their spatial organisation, distribution and utilisation. The relationships that are generated by this process include economic exchanges, racialised dynamics between workers and owners, gendered divisions of labour and the use and abuse of natural resources and infrastructure. These encounters of globalisation are often unequal or awkward and mediated by varying forms of violence, from structural to interpersonal, as these are used to rebalance the terms on which they meet. Using coloniality as an analytical tool, this article discusses the delicate balance of these Western-led encounters. Globalisation has become colonial by embedding hierarchical relationships in the foundations of the modern political economy. Gender identities, whiteness and non-whiteness, developed and underdeveloped are continually redefined, stigmatising certain groups and locations while elevating others on the basis of colonial power dynamics. Through a case study of the US–Mexico border city of Juárez, this article examines ethnographic work in its global context to explore how shame has become attached to male identities in locations of urban marginality. Theorising around the coloniality of urban space production, I discuss how Juárez’s border location has shaped its development though gendered and racialised frictions that are kept in check with violence. A coloniality perspective enables the unpicking of dominant conceptions of industrial cities in the Global South as metonyms for underdevelopment. Using the concept of edgework, I draw out how violence oils the wheels of globalisation to renegotiate damaged identities in contexts of territorial stigma.
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Farmer, Natalia. "‘I Never Felt like an Illegal Immigrant Until Social Work Turned up at the Hospital’: No Recourse to Public Funds as Necropolitical Exception." British Journal of Social Work, September 27, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcaa151.
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Abstract This article argues that the notion of ‘illegality’ has become a dominant aspect in social work practice for those who are subject to immigration control and have no recourse to public funds (NRPFs). Drawing together conceptual tools from the theoretical work of Giorgio Agamben and Achille Mbembé, necropolitical exception in social work will be explored to analyse how this has impacted upon racialised bodies within the UK immigration system. The findings presented in this article are based upon Ph.D. research conducted between July 2017 and October 2018 in Glasgow, Scotland, and includes ethnographic qualitative data from case studies with the Asylum Seeker Housing Project. It focuses on interviews that explore the lived experiences of those categorised as ‘illegalised’ migrants to examine the implications of necropolitical exception for those with NRPF, third sector caseworkers and statutory social workers. In framing those with NRPF as ‘illegal’, this article demonstrates that social workers have become drawn into agents of necropolitical exception that demands critical scrutiny.
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Williams, Ros. "“It’s harder for the likes of us”: racially minoritised stem cell donation as ethico-racial imperative." BioSocieties, July 13, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41292-021-00241-9.
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AbstractHow best are we to understand appeals to participate in a biomedical project that are based both on invoking shared racial identity, and on framing engagement as the clear moral course of action? Stem cell donor recruitment, which often focuses on engaging racially minoritised communities, provides useful insight into this question. This article proposes that it is not an essential mutual racial identity between the person asking and the person asked at play. Rather, it is the creative ‘doing’ of relatedness between people at the scale of race as well as family that coalesces into powerful appeals to participate. Through analysis of ethnographic, documentary and social media data, the paper argues that this work relies at least partly on framing donation as a duty of being part of a racialised community, which I describe here as an ethico-racial imperative, in which both race and responsibility become intertwined to compel participation in the biomedical project of donor registration.
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Fernández-Villanueva, Concepción, and Gabriel Bayarri-Toscano. "Legitimation of hate and political violence through memetic images: the Bolsonaro campaign." Communication & Society, April 13, 2021, 449–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/003.34.2.449-468.
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The federal elections were held in Brazil in 2018. The ballot resulted in a victory for the far-right candidate, Jair Messias Bolsonaro. The question that arose after the victory of the far-right was: How could this have happened? One of the instruments that undoubtedly contributed to this unexpected victory was a peculiar aspect of his political campaign: memetic communication. Through the use of memes in the social media (above all WhatsApp), Bolsonaro’s project transformed these violent discourses against political opponents, feminism, racialised persons and poverty into a series of discourses legitimised through humour and irony. It was a simplification through the memes affecting the static system of cognitive and metaphorical frameworks. During the pre-election period in 2018, we carried out digital ethnographic research in the WhatsApp groups of supporters of Bolsonaro’s project (“Bolsonarism”). In this period, we collected a sample of 132 memes belonging to WhatsApp groups composed of up to 256 members, who did not know each other and were geographically dispersed. The analysis we carried out demonstrates the trivialisation and legitimisation of violence against political opponents and other social groups. Much of this legitimisation was camouflaged under the mask of supposed humour and irony, which in reality was insulting, prejudicial and dehumanising.