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Journal articles on the topic 'Rachida Dati'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Galy-Badenas, Flora, and F. Elizabeth Gray. "Media Coverage of Rachida Dati and Najat Vallaud-Belkacem: An Intersectional Analysis of Representations of Minority Women in the French Political Context." Women's Studies in Communication 43, no. 2 (March 25, 2020): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07491409.2020.1740900.

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2

Simonetti, L., M. Menditto, G. Sirabella, E. Pignataro, and R. Elefante. "L'invecchiamento del rachide." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 7, no. 3_suppl (October 1994): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009940070s307.

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Le modificazioni del rachide nell'invecchiamento sono note da tempo e vengono spesso raccolte sotto la definizione globale di artrosi vertebrale. La complessità e la molteplicità delle articolazioni intervertebrali ed intersegmentarie della colonna vertebrale, tuttavia, impongono una analisi più dettagliata dei singoli fenomeni che contribuiscono alla instaurazione di quelle modificazioni anatomo-patologiche proprie del complesso degenerativo rachideo senile. Gli Autori procedono alla suddetta analisi, integrando i dati noti dalla Radiologia tradizionale e dalla TC con le acquisizioni più recenti della RM e con le basi patologiche macroscopiche e submacroscopiche rilevabili in letteratura. Tra i vari gruppi di patologia, quella che risulta più ricca di corrispondenze verificabili tra dati neuro-radiologici ed anatomici è quella riguardante l'unità funzionale disco-somatica, con particolare riguardo per l'osteocondrosi intervertebrale. Attraverso l'approfondimento della patologia delle articolazioni cartilaginee, sinoviali e fibrose della colonna vertebrale, si tenta inoltre di fornire un quadro generale, finalistico, delle varie alterazioni vertebrali che sembra condurre verso una visione «protettiva» dell'artrosi vertebrale rispetto a danni più gravi, privilegiando in età senile la funzione statica rachidea rispetto a quella dinamica. Diventa a questo punto chiaro il perchè della difficoltà di tracciare una chiara linea distintiva tra alterazioni «parafisiologiche» dell'invecchiamento del rachide e alterazioni chiaramente patologiche.
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3

Lingham-Soliar, Theagarten, Richard H. C. Bonser, and James Wesley-Smith. "Selective biodegradation of keratin matrix in feather rachis reveals classic bioengineering." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, no. 1685 (December 16, 2009): 1161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1980.

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Flight necessitates that the feather rachis is extremely tough and light. Yet, the crucial filamentous hierarchy of the rachis is unknown—study hindered by the tight chemical bonding between the filaments and matrix. We used novel microbial biodegradation to delineate the fibres of the rachidial cortex in situ . It revealed the thickest keratin filaments known to date (factor >10), approximately 6 µm thick, extending predominantly axially but with a small outer circumferential component. Near-periodic thickened nodes of the fibres are staggered with those in adjacent fibres in two- and three-dimensional planes, creating a fibre–matrix texture with high attributes for crack stopping and resistance to transverse cutting. Close association of the fibre layer with the underlying ‘spongy’ medulloid pith indicates the potential for higher buckling loads and greater elastic recoil. Strikingly, the fibres are similar in dimensions and form to the free filaments of the feather vane and plumulaceous and embryonic down, the syncitial barbules, but, identified for the first time in 140+ years of study in a new location—as a major structural component of the rachis. Early in feather evolution, syncitial barbules were consolidated in a robust central rachis, definitively characterizing the avian lineage of keratin.
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4

Muhammaddiah, Muhammad Rusdi. "ISLAM DEMOKRATIS PERSPEKTIF RACHID GHANNOUCHI." Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan 16, no. 1 (June 17, 2021): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33059/jhsk.v16i1.3205.

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Rachid Ghannouchi merupakan salah satu tokoh politik Islam terkemuka di Tunisia. Berbagai ide dan gagasannya terangkum dalam Partai politik yang telah didirikannya yang berhaluan kepada nilai dan ajaran Islam yang diberi nama Partai en-Nahda. Belum lama ini, partai yang dipimpin oleh Rachid Ghannouchi tersebut telah mengumumkan fase baru dalam perpolitikannya yaitu dengan mengusung konsep Islam Demokratis (al-Islam al-Dimuqra|tiyah) yang sejatinya belum dikenal di negara tersebut dan diklaim merupakan bagian dari ideologi partai Ikhwanul Muslimin di Mesir. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk melihat langkah yang telah diambil oleh Ghannouchi melalui konsep Islam demokratis (al-Islam al-Dimuqra|tiyah), bagi umat Islam ide non-konvensional Ghannouchi ini dipandang sebagai sesuatu yang baru dan tepat untuk zaman demokrasi modern, khususnya dari epistimologi ‘Islam Politik’ konvensional ke paradigma yang lebih ekslusif dan sesuai dengan realita perpolitikan modern.
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5

Darwish, Eman A., Yasser M. Mansour, and Hamed Elmously. "Date Palm Rachis as a Local and Renewable Structural Material for Rural Communities in Egypt." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development. 2, no. 2 (January 31, 2018): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v2i1.173.

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Date Palm Rachis has been widely used in sheathing of houses in the rural communities in Egypt and the Middle East, as a local and cheap material that naturally resists direct solar radiation and humidity. Lately, researchers around the world began to build complete structures using Date Palm Rachis to take advantage of its abundance and natural resistance. However, due to the lack of the required mechanical properties for structural analytical modeling, mock ups are used to assess the structural properties of Date Palm Rachis. This tool of assessment is insufficient in the consideration of wind or temporary and unforeseen loads. This paper introduces the closest estimations of the complicated mechanical properties required for structural analytical modeling, according to the available equipment and the variable nature of Date Palm Rachis. The results showed that Date Palm Rachis is a promising structural material with structural properties that are competitive to that of imported timbers in Egypt. This paper invites researches and builders to exploit the potentials of Palm Rachis as a structural material for rural communities.
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6

Darwish, Eman A., Yasser M. Mansour, and Hamed Elmously. "Date Palm Rachis as a Local and Renewable Structural Material for Rural Communities in Egypt." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 2, no. 2 (January 31, 2018): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v2i2.173.

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Date Palm Rachis has been widely used in sheathing of houses in the rural communities in Egypt and the Middle East, as a local and cheap material that naturally resists direct solar radiation and humidity. Lately, researchers around the world began to build complete structures using Date Palm Rachis to take advantage of its abundance and natural resistance. However, due to the lack of the required mechanical properties for structural analytical modeling, mock ups are used to assess the structural properties of Date Palm Rachis. This tool of assessment is insufficient in the consideration of wind or temporary and unforeseen loads. This paper introduces the closest estimations of the complicated mechanical properties required for structural analytical modeling, according to the available equipment and the variable nature of Date Palm Rachis. The results showed that Date Palm Rachis is a promising structural material with structural properties that are competitive to that of imported timbers in Egypt. This paper invites researches and builders to exploit the potentials of Palm Rachis as a structural material for rural communities.
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7

Fang, Chuanji, Jens Ejbye Schmidt, Iwona Cybulska, Grzegorz P. Brudecki, Christian Grundahl Frankær, and Mette Hedegaard Thomsen. "Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Date Palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) Leaflets and Rachis to Enhance Enzymatic Digestibility and Bioethanol Potential." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/216454.

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Date palm residues are one of the most promising lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production in the Middle East. In this study, leaflets and rachis were subjected to hydrothermal pretreatment to overcome the recalcitrance of the biomass for enzymatic conversion. Evident morphological, structural, and chemical changes were observed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy after pretreatment. High glucan (>90% for both leaflets and rachis) and xylan (>75% for leaflets and >79% for rachis) recovery were achieved. Under the optimal condition of hydrothermal pretreatment (210°C/10 min) highly digestible (glucan convertibility, 100% to leaflets, 78% to rachis) and fermentable (ethanol yield, 96% to leaflets, 80% to rachis) solid fractions were obtained. Fermentability test of the liquid fractions proved that no considerable inhibitors toSaccharomyces cerevisiaewere produced in hydrothermal pretreatment. Given the high sugar recovery, enzymatic digestibility, and ethanol yield, production of bioethanol by hydrothermal pretreatment could be a promising way of valorization of date palm residues in this region.
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8

Shafie, Masoud, and Hamid Zarea-Hosseinabadi. "Eco-friendly laminated strand lumber from date palm rachis." Drvna industrija 70, no. 4 (December 13, 2019): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5552/drvind.2019.1843.

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This study was performed to use date palm rachis, as a low value bio-waste, in the manufacture of a high value added eco-friendly structural composite lumber. Taguchi design of experiments was applied to analyse the effect of raw material and product parameters on the mechanical properties of laminated strand lumber from date palm rachis. The results indicate that the composite exhibits similar or superior strength properties compared to solid lumber and engineered products from wood or other lignocellulosic material for building sector. Taguchi design of experiments was assessed as a powerful and cost effective technique to obtain optimal levels for maximizing the mechanical properties of the environmentally-friendly composite. Maximum values for the mechanical properties of date palm rachis-based LSL were obtained from a combination of 20 mm product thickness, 10 % resin content, 4mm strand thickness, and 850 kg/m3 product density. Product thickness with an 81.3 % contribution and strand thickness with an 80 % contribution have the highest effects on the flatwise stiffness and compression strength perpendicular to grain, respectively.
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9

Galiwango, Emmanuel, Ali H. Al-Marzuoqi, Abbas A. Khaleel, and Mahdi M. Abu-Omar. "Investigation of Non-Isothermal Kinetics and Thermodynamic Parameters for the Pyrolysis of Different Date Palm Parts." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 11, 2020): 6553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246553.

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Using the thermalgravimetric technique, we investigated the non-isothermal combustion kinetics of abundant and low-cost date palm wastes (leaflet, rachis, fibers, and their composite) as potential biomass energy sources. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were determined by Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger–Akahila–Sunose (KAS), and Starink methods. Thermogravimetric analysis results showed a major peak for the degradation of volatiles between 127–138 °C with average percentage mass loss of 68.04 ± 1.5, 65.57 ± 0.6, 62.97 ± 5.5, and 59.26 ± 3.2, for rachis, composite, leaflet, and fibers, respectively. The FWO model showed the lowest activation energy, Eα, of 157 ± 25.6, 158 ± 25.7, 164 ± 40.1, and 169 ± 51.8 kJ mol−1 for the composite, rachis, leaflet, and fibers, respectively. The positive enthalpy values confirmed an endothermic pyrolysis reaction. For all models, a minimal difference of 4.40, 5.57, 6.55, and 7.51 kJ mol−1 between activation energy and enthalpy for rachis, fibers, composite, and leaflet ensued, respectively. The KAS model was best suited to describe chemical equilibrium with average ΔG values of 90.3 ± 28.8, 99.3 ± 34.9, 178.9 ± 27.3, and 186.5 ± 38.2 kJ mol−1 for rachis, fibers, composite, and leaflet, respectively. The reaction mechanism by the Malek and Popescu methods was ((g(α)=[−ln(1−α)]14) across the conversion range of 0.1–0.9 for all heating rates. The high energy content and volatile matter combined with low energy barriers make date palm waste a potential candidate in a biorefinery.
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10

Kamal El-Dean, Adel, Ahmed Geies, Atif Mostafa, and Abdou Felet. "Kraft Pulping of Date Palm Rachis from Egypt." Egyptian Sugar Journal 13 (December 1, 2019): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2019.219352.

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11

MARLEY, P. S., and O. AJAYI. "Assessment of anthracnose resistance (Colletotrichum graminicola) in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) germplasm under field conditions in Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Science 138, no. 2 (March 2002): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185960100185x.

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Twenty-one elite sorghum lines were assessed for resistance to foliar, peduncle, rachis, grain and overall panicle anthracnose under natural infection at Samaru and Bagauda in 1996 and 1997. Three genotypes (R 6078, IS 14384 and CCGM 1/19-1-1) were completely resistant to all forms of the disease while Nagawhite was completely resistant to foliar, peduncle and rachis but moderately resistant to panicle anthracnose. The data indicate vertical disease progression from leaves onto peduncle and the rachis. More genotypes were susceptible to grain than rachis anthracnose thus indicating that grain infection could be direct or through vertical progression and direct pathways.
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12

Ganfoud, Ahmed Abouleid, Almustanser-Bellah Mukhtar Gargney, and Ahmed Ibrahim Ekhmaj. "Effect of Different Applications of Cactus, Rachis of Date Palm Trees and Compost on Hydraulic Properties of Sandy Soil." Journal of Misurata University for Agricultural Sciences 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 479–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36602/jmuas.2020.v01.02.35.

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This laboratory study aims to investigate the effect of adding dry grinders of Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) and palm leaf bases (Rachis) and commercial soil enhancer (Compost) with different mixing ratios (2.5, 5.0, 7.5%, by weight) on improving hydraulic properties of sandy soil. Hydraulic properties included the water retention capacity, the saturated hydraulic conductivity, and the moisture content at tension values of 0.3, 1, 10 and 15 bar. These properties were estimated at the beginning of the experiment, and after six months, during which moisture and drying cycles had taken place. Through the obtained results, it was found that all additives improved the soil hydraulic properties, so that the values of the soil retention capacity and soil moisture content versus tension increased. On the other hand, all additives reduced the values of the hydraulic conductivity. The results also indicated lack significant effect of time (at the level of 5%). The different mixing ratios did not significantly affect the hydraulic conductivity (at the level of 5%). However, the results showed that the rachis grinders and the mixture consisting of rachis and cactus outperformed in hydraulic properties as compared with other treatments.
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13

Awad, E. W., and M. Anctil. "Positive coupling of beta-like adrenergic receptors with adenylate cyclase in the cnidarian Renilla koellikeri." Journal of Experimental Biology 182, no. 1 (September 1, 1993): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.182.1.131.

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Coupling of the previously characterized beta1- and beta2-like adrenoceptors in the sea pansy Renilla koellikeri with adenylate cyclase was examined in membrane preparations from this cnidarian. Adenylate cyclase activity was stimulated by several guanine nucleotides, such as GTP, Gpp(NH)p and GTPgammaS. Fluoride ions and cholera toxin greatly enhanced the enzyme activity, whereas forskolin had no effect on basal or isoproterenol-induced stimulation of the enzyme. The stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity by several beta-adrenergic agonists in different parts of the animal reflected a positive coupling with the beta2- and beta1-like adrenoceptors in autozooid and peduncle tissues, respectively. In addition, isoproterenol-induced stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity was dependent on guanine nucleotides, suggesting coupling mediated by a G protein. The pharmacological profile of various antagonists on isoproterenol-sensitive adenylate cyclase in autozooid and peduncle tissues matched that of previous radioligand binding studies. Isoproterenol-induced stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity in rachidial tissues was partially inhibited by trifluoperazine of (+/−)CGP12177 and was completely blocked in the presence of both antagonists. This suggests that coupling of the enzyme occurs with beta1- and beta2-like adrenoceptors, both being present in the rachis. Serotonin and dopamine were also found to stimulate adenylate cyclase activity. Their stimulatory effect was additive to isoproterenol-induced activation, suggesting the presence of dopaminergic and serotonergic receptors in the tissues of the sea pansy. Along with the data presented previously on beta-adrenergic binding, this study suggests that elements of receptor-dependent G protein signal transduction originated early in invertebrate evolution.
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14

Noorwatha, I. Kadek Dwi, Putu Ari Darmastuti, and Ni Luh Kadek Resi Kerdiati. "Rachana Vidhi: Metode Desain Interior Berbasis Budaya Lokal dan Revolusi Industri 4.0." Dewa Ruci: Jurnal Pengkajian dan Penciptaan Seni 15, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33153/dewaruci.v15i2.3160.

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This research is a fundamental research that seeks to formulate an interior design method based on local culture and the industrial revolution 4.0 called 'Rachana Vidhi'. The research problem arises from the urgent need for the formulation of an ideal interior design method, which combines the development of local culture, the needs of the interior design industry and implements the spirit of the industrial revolution 4.0. The research method uses a qualitative document study approach specifically with the systematic review method, which is combined with the comparative method. The reseach results of the 'Rachana Vidhi' method have been discussed using the basic framework of the stages of the HDII professional organization as a synergy between academics and professional organizations. The method also balances knowledge and abilities between academics and practitioners with the 'research based design' paradigm. In the context of cultural development, the interior design method 'Rachana Vidhi' has been filled in at the ‘Predesain’ stage especially at step no. 15 Cultural Exploration, as part of the drafting of interior design concepts. Synergy with the industrial revolution 4.0 on the interior design method 'Rachana Vidhi' is applied to the stages of Input, Design, Conceptual Design and Design Development. Industrial revolution 4.0 application used is for insight searching, data collecting and modeling.
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15

Yahia, Oualid, Raffaella Guida, and Pasquale Iervolino. "Novel Weight-Based Approach for Soil Moisture Content Estimation via Synthetic Aperture Radar, Multispectral and Thermal Infrared Data Fusion." Sensors 21, no. 10 (May 15, 2021): 3457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103457.

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Though current remote sensing technologies, especially synthetic aperture radars (SARs), exhibit huge potential for soil moisture content (SMC) retrievals, such technologies also present several performance disadvantages. This study explored the merits of proposing a novel data fusion methodology (partly decision level and partly feature level) for SMC estimation. Initially, individual estimations were derived from three distinct methods: the inversion of an Empirically Adapted Integral Equation Model (EA-IEM) applied to SAR data, the Perpendicular Drought Index (PDI), and the Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) determined from Landsat-8 data. Subsequently, three feature level fusions were performed to produce three different novel salient feature combinations where said features were extracted from each of the previously mentioned methods to be the input of an artificial neural network (ANN). The latter underwent a modification of its performance function, more specifically from absolute error to root mean square error (RMSE). Eventually, all SMC estimations, including the feature level fusion estimation, were fused at the decision level through a novel weight-based estimation. The performance of the proposed system was analysed and validated by measurements collected from three study areas, an agricultural field in Blackwell farms, Guildford, United Kingdom, and two different agricultural fields in Sidi Rached, Tipasa, Algeria. Those measurements contained SMC levels and surface roughness profiles. The proposed SMC estimation system yielded stronger correlations and lower RMSE values than any of the considered SMC estimation methods in the order of 0.38%, 1.4%, and 1.09% for the Blackwell farms, Sidi Rached 1, and Sidi Rached 2 datasets, respectively.
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16

Khiari, Ramzi, Sonia Dridi-Dhaouadi, Chadlia Aguir, and Mohamed Farouk Mhenni. "Experimental evaluation of eco-friendly flocculants prepared from date palm rachis." Journal of Environmental Sciences 22, no. 10 (October 2010): 1539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1001-0742(09)60286-2.

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17

Lees, John, Terence Garner, Glen Cooper, and Robert Nudds. "Rachis morphology cannot accurately predict the mechanical performance of primary feathers in extant (and therefore fossil) feathered flyers." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 2 (February 2017): 160927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160927.

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It was previously suggested that the flight ability of feathered fossils could be hypothesized from the diameter of their feather rachises. Central to the idea is the unvalidated assumption that the strength of a primary flight feather (i.e. its material and structural properties) may be consistently calculated from the external diameter of the feather rachis, which is the only dimension that is likely to relate to structural properties available from fossils. Here, using three-point bending tests, the relationship between feather structural properties (maximum bending moment, M max and Young's modulus, E bend ) and external morphological parameters (primary feather rachis length, diameter and second moment of area at the calamus) in 180 primary feathers from four species of bird of differing flight style was investigated. Intraspecifically, both E bend and M max were strongly correlated with morphology, decreasing and increasing, respectively, with all three morphological measures. Without accounting for species, however, external morphology was a poor predictor of rachis structural properties, meaning that precise determination of aerial performance in extinct, feathered species from external rachis dimensions alone is not possible. Even if it were possible to calculate the second moment of area of the rachis, our data suggest that feather strength could still not be reliably estimated.
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18

KHRISTOVA, P. "Alkaline pulping with additives of date palm rachis and leaves from Sudan." Bioresource Technology 96, no. 1 (January 2005): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2003.05.005.

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19

Khan, Pervaiz Rasheed, Said Saad Hegazy, and Muhammad Iqbal. "Date palm rachis as a raw material for wood composite industry: anatomical characteristics." Brazilian Journal of Botany 43, no. 3 (June 8, 2020): 601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40415-020-00612-9.

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20

Ammar, H., M. Abid, and S. Abid. "Cellulose fibers obtained by organosolv process from date palm rachis (Phoenix dactylifera L.)." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 28 (February 7, 2012): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/28/1/012002.

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21

Aridhini, Laras. "Kiprah Rachma Saloh dalam“Wahana Budaya Nusantara”di Belanda." Jantra. 15, no. 2 (December 14, 2020): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.52829/jantra.v15i2.142.

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Di era yang semakin mengglobal, budaya lokal harus dipertahankan sebagai jatidiri bangsa. Kini, budaya lokal dapat disajikan melalui media sosial tanpa mengurangi nilai yang tersirat di dalamnya. Seni tari adalah salah satu wujud seni pertunjukan yang kompleks. Berbeda dengan musik nonpertunjukan yang bisa dinikmati sambil melakukan aktivitas lain. Tari dan seni pertunjukan lainnya memerlukan lebih banyak waktu bagi seseorang untuk menikmatinya karena memerlukan dimensi ruang danwaktu (Irianto, 2017). Wahana Budaya Nusantara (WBN) adalah kelompok seni yang selalu menarik minat masyarakat Belanda agar mencintai budaya Indonesia. Di dalam WBN terdapat sosok Rachma sebagai perempuan berdaya (agensi individu) yang merintis dan mengembangkan budaya Indonesia melalui berbagai jenis tarian. WBN perlu diulas dalam kajian ini agar pembaca (khususnya masyarakat Indonesia) semakin mencintai budaya nusantara. Selain itu, sosok seperti Rachma perlu dijadikan teladan dalam pelestarian budaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah observasi partisipasi dan wawancara daring. Sementara itu, metode analisis menggunakan studi literatur. WBN terbentuk dari gagasan Rachma dan dikembangkan bersama para anggota yang jumlahnya tidak begitu banyak. Penampilan WBN selalu dinantikan dalam setiap pasar malam dan beberapa event semi-privat. Proses pembelajaran selalu terjadi dalam WBN selama ini sehingga diharapkan menjadi suatu pesan semangat agar kita tidak mengenal kata terlambat untuk memulai belajar hal baru.
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22

El Hachem, Bassam. "Constitution, communautés et conflits intercommunautaires au Liban : stratégies maximalistes et politiques de participation (analyse des projets d'entente: 1982-1987)." Social Compass 35, no. 4 (November 1988): 483–531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003776868803500405.

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This article constitutes a study of tendencies among Moslem and Christian communities in Lebanon, in their prolonged conflict. It will be limited to the period running from June 1982 (date of the Israeli invasion of this country) to June 1987 (when the Prime Minis ter Rachiel Karamé was assassinated). The Author shows that:
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23

DA SILVA, MARCOS JOSÉ, and IGOR SOARES DOS SANTOS. "A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data." Phytotaxa 552, no. 2 (June 23, 2022): 127–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.552.2.1.

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A new species of Copaifera from a diversity hotspot in the Brazilian Cerrado is described. Copaifera appendiculata M.J. Silva appears to be endemic of the northern portion of Goiás State, Brazil, and its conservation status is classified as Critically Endangered. It is a dwarf species and can be recognized by a set of characteristics that include: foliar rachis spiny and conspicuously prolonged (the first such report for the genus), leaflets similar in size, usually glabrescent on both surfaces, with planar margins, with discreet or conspicuous translucent points, sepals indumented on both surfaces, fruits glabrous, and seeds with an orange aril. It is compared with similar dwarf species of the genus present in the Cerrado, especially with Copaifera marginata, its closest congener. Also furnished are illustrations, images, information concerning its flowering and fruiting seasons, geographical distribution, as well as preliminary conservation assessments. Examinations of the leaf anatomies of the new species, as well as that of C. marginata, revealed the numbers of layers of palisade parenchyma, the presence of a hypodermis, the numbers of vascular bundles in the petiole, rachis and midrib, as well as their contours, and aspects of the leaf margins. All of those features constitute useful characters to separate the two species. Histochemical tests demonstrated that chemical compounds (e.g., alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and lipids) present in the leaf tissues of both species have potential medicinal properties.
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CHOI, Seung Se, Jonghwan KIM, Yu Cheol PARK, and Chul Hwan KIM. "Two unrecorded Elymus taxa (Poaceae) newly added to Korean flora: E. humidus and E. shandongensis." Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 51, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 294–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2021.51.3.294.

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Given that the Korean genus Elymus L. (Poaceae) is often confused with Agropyron Gaertn., the categories and characteristics of Elymus s.l. have been reviewed morphologically. Two unrecorded taxa of Elymus, E. humidus (Ohwi & Sakam.) T. Osada and E. shandongensis B. Salomon, not previously recorded in Korean flora to date, we report here as an unrecorded species based on samples collected from Chungcheongbuk-do, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jeollanam-do, and Jeollabuk-do. E. humidus is distinguished from other taxa in terms of its habitat around riversides, erect inflorescences, spikelets appressed to rachides of inflorescence, and new individuals asexually propagated at the lower nodes of aerial stems. E. shandongensis is similar to E. tsukushiensis var. transiens (Hack.) H. Osada but is distinguished by the flowering time, slightly curved inflorescences, number of veins of the glumes, and spikelets appressed to the rachides. Descriptions of the two unrecorded Korean taxa, photographs, and keys to neighboring taxa are presented.
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Khiari, Ramzi, Evelyne Mauret, Mohamed Naceur Belgacem, and Farouk Mhemmi. "Tunisian date palm rachis used as an alternative source of fibres for papermaking applications." BioResources 6, no. 1 (December 7, 2010): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.1.265-281.

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Every year, significant amounts of date palm rachises are accumulated in Tunisia. The rational valorisation of this renewable resource is therefore imperative, in order to fulfil the sustainability approach. In this context, this work aims to study the potential use of date palm rachises as a raw material for papermaking and to compare it with other sources of lignocellulosic fibres, such as wood, non-wood species, and agricultural wastes. For this purpose, soda-anthraquinone pulping of date palm rachis was performed giving rise to a yield of 45% (w/w). This value is similar to that obtained by pulping non-wood materials and is higher than that corresponding to the pulping of agricultural residues. The resulting pulps were subsequently refined using a PFI mill refiner at 0, 500, 1500, and 3000 revolutions, screened through a 0.15 mm mesh size sieve and used to produce conventional handsheets. Both pulps and papers were fully characterized in terms of morphological, chemical and physical properties, according to commonly used standards. The physical properties of the prepared handsheets were very similar to those displayed by other papers made of common lignocellulosic fibres. Furthermore, the pulps exhibited a good drainability together with excellent mechanical properties of the ensuing papers. For these reasons, date palm rachises could be considered as a potential source of fibres for papermaking applications.
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Ramzi, Khiari, Meksi Nizar, Mhenni Farouk, Belgacem Mohamed Naceur, and Mauret Evelyne. "Sodium carboxylmethylate cellulose from date palm rachis as a sizing agent for cotton yarn." Fibers and Polymers 12, no. 5 (July 30, 2011): 587–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12221-011-0587-1.

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Arefiev, S. S., E. A. Rogozhin, V. V. Bykova, and C. Dorbath. "Deep structure of the Racha earthquake source zone from seismic tomography data." Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth 42, no. 1 (January 2006): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1069351306010034.

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Branch, W. D., J. P. Clevenger, and B. M. Schwartz. "Inheritance of Sterile Brachytic and Sterile Dwarf Plants in Peanut." Peanut Science 43, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/ps16-6.1.

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ABSTRACT Infraspecific cross combinations between the two subspecies of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. ssp. hypogaea and ssp. fastigiata) result in sterile brachytic plants. These sterile brachytic plants have short stem internodes with clustering of the four leaflets without apparent rachis, shortened petiole, and absent of flowers. In the present study, phenotypically similar sterile dwarf plants were also found but with apparently fertile pollen, female sterile flowers, and visible rachis and petiolate leaflets, within subspecies hypogaea cross combination. Inheritance data suggested two or four recessive genes controlling the sterile brachytic plants found in F2 populations between the two subspecies hypogaea x fastigiata crosses. However, only one recessive gene (sdw) was proposed for the similar sterile dwarf plants found in different F2 populations within ssp. hypogaea x hypogaea crosses.
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Al-Abri, Nasser, Suad Al-Raqami, Maryam Al-Hashemi, Rashid Al-Shidi, Salim Al-Khatri, and Rumiana V. Ray. "Impact of Initial Population Density of the Dubas Bug, Ommatissus lybicus (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae), on Oviposition Behaviour, Chlorophyll, Biomass and Nutritional Response of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera)." Insects 14, no. 1 (December 22, 2022): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14010012.

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The Dubas bug (Ommatissus lybicus) is an economically significant pest of date palms. In this study, the effect of the population density of O. lybicus on chlorophyll, measured by the soil plant analysis development (SPAD) chlorophyll meter, palm biomass, and the nutritional composition of date palms, were investigated. A further objective was to determine significant relationships between the population density of O. lybicus, the number of honeydew droplets, and oviposited eggs. Reductions of up to 8–11% and 29–34% in chlorophyll content and plant biomass, respectively, were caused by infestations exceeding 300 nymphs per palm seedling. Increasing the population density of O. lybicus to 600 insects per palm decreased oviposition by females, suggesting intraspecific competition for resources. There was a significant relationship between honeydew droplets produced by the pest population and chlorophyll content in the rachis, suggesting that treatment can be triggered at 3–6 nymphs/leaflet. Egg oviposition was preferentially on the rachis. Ca, Mg, K, and P were the main nutrients affected by the activity of the pest. Mg content was associated with reduced chlorophyll content under increasing pest density, suggesting that supplemental nutrition can be potentially utilized to sustain chlorophyll and increase palm tolerance to pest infestation.
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Gutiérrez-López, D., N. Flores-Alamo, M. C. Carreño-de-León, and M. J. Solache-Rios. "Removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solution by using micro-spheres of Zea mays rachis–sodium alginate by batch and column systems." Water Supply 20, no. 6 (May 25, 2020): 2133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.107.

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Abstract The behavior of composite beads of Zea mays rachis and sodium alginate (AL) for Pb (II) adsorption was studied. The Zea mays rachis–sodium alginate was prepared and characterized. The IR spectra showed interactions of the functional groups and the metal ions after adsorption. The kinetic data were fitted to the pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order models, the maximum adsorption capacity was 60 mg/g for Pb (II), and the isotherm data were best adjusted to the Freundlich model, indicating that the adsorbent is heterogeneous. The thermodynamic study shows that the process is physisorption. The service time of columns increases as the height of columns increases, and this behavior was attributed to the active sites available in the columns. The initial concentration of Pb (II) had a significant effect on the breakthrough curves. As the concentration increases, the saturation time decreases. The material was regenerated four times (adsorption–desorption cycles), without a significant change in the removal efficiencies.
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A. Darwish, Eman, Yasser M. Mansour, and Hamed Elmously. "Date Palm Rachis as a Local and Renewable Structural Material for Rural Communities in Egypt." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 2, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v2i1.173.g75.

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32

Ahumada, Miguel H., Elizabeth J. Mitcham, and Denise G. Moore. "Postharvest Quality of `Thompson Seedless' Grapes after Insecticidal Controlled-atmosphere Treatments." HortScience 31, no. 5 (September 1996): 833–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.5.833.

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Non-SO2-fumigated `Thompson Seedless' table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) were stored at 5 or 20 °C for 6 and 4.5 days, respectively, in air or one of four insecticidal controlled atmospheres (ICA); 0.5% O2 + 35% CO2; 0.5% O2 + 45% CO2; 0.5% O2 + 55% CO2; or 100% CO2. The fruit were evaluated for weight loss, berry firmness, soluble solids concentration (SSC), titratable acidity, berry shattering, rachis browning, berry browning, and volatiles (acetaldehyde and ethanol). Fruit quality was not affected at 5 °C with the exception of greater rachis browning in fruit treated with 0.5% O2 + 45% CO2. At 20 °C, ICA treatments maintained greener rachis compared to the air control; however, SSC was reduced in the fruit treated with 55% and 100% CO2. At both temperatures, ICA induced the production of high levels of acetaldehyde and ethanol. Ethanol concentrations were two-thirds lower at 5 °C than at 20 °C. Consumer preference was negatively affected by some ICA treatments for grapes kept at 20 °C, but not by any of the treatments at 5 °C. Preliminary data for mortality of omnivorous leafroller pupae (Platynota stultana Walshingham), western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) adults and larvae, and pacific spider mite (Tetranychus pacificus McGregor) adults and larvae indicate that many of the ICA treatments would provide significant insect control.
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Paiva, Élder Antônio Sousa e., Helena Castanheira de Morais, Rosy Mary dos Santos Isaias, Dulce Maria Sucena da Rocha, and Paulo Eugênio Oliveira. "Occurrence and structure of extrafloral nectariesin Pterodon pubescens Benth. and Pterodon polygalaeflorus Benth." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 36, no. 2 (February 2001): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2001000200002.

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Extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) are structurally variable and widely spread among the angiosperms. The occurrence of EFNs in leaves of Pterodon polygalaeflorus Benth. and Pterodon pubescens Benth. (Fabaceae: Papilionoideae) were detected in adult specimens, at the time of production of new buds and flowers. The goals of the present study are to register the occurrence of the EFNs in P. pubescens and P. polygalaeflorus, and provide comparative data on the anatomical structures. The EFNs occur in the rachis and are located under the insertion of each petiolule. Each nectary consists of a small elevation whose apical portion is deeply invaginated, resulting in a depression (secretory pole), a common characteristic of both species. Unicellular, nonglandular trichomes occur along the rachis, being less numerous in P. polygalaeflorus while in P. pubescens they cover the EFNs. The secretory tissue consists of parenchyma cells with dense cytoplasm compactly arranged. The nectar reaches the surface of the EFNs by rupturing the thin cuticle which covers the secretory pole, since both species lack stomata or any other interruption at the epidermis. The basic difference between the two species, in relation to the EFNs, is the density of the pubescence, which is always greater in P. pubescens. Structural and dimensional modifications may be observed, even between basal and apical nectaries in the same rachis, so it does not constitute a taxonomical tool.
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Yue, Wang, Sun Fulai, Gao Qingrong, Zhang Yanxia, Wang Nan, and Zhang Weidong. "Auxins Regulations of Branched Spike Development and Expression of TFL, a LEAFY-Like Gene in Branched Spike Wheat (Triticum aestivum)." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 2 (January 11, 2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n2p27.

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Branched spike wheat is a hexaploid germplasm with branched rachis on its main rachises, and the crucial period for branched rachises occurrence and development is just after the two ridges stage of shoot apex. Natural [indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3butyric acid (IBA)] and synthetic [(1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)] auxins were applied at this period to investigate the spike traits, seedling growth and photosynthesis related characters and expression of a putative homologue of the LEAFY in branched spike wheat. The four types of experienced auxins induced similar effects on these foresaid characters, although the impact extents were different among the auxins treatments. More branched rachis, spikelets, fertile florets and longer branched rachis were obtained in plants with IAA and IBA at 0.1 mM or NAA and 2,4-D at 1.0mM than those plants with no auxin treated. Auxin treatments also increased fresh and dry mass, photosynthetic pigment and parameters. TFL, a LEAFY-like gene was cloned in branched spike wheat and TFL mRNA expression was quantified using real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR. Application of the auxins accelerated the rise in TFL expression during the periods of branched rachises occurrence and extension. The data supports the hypothesis that auxins play a central role in the regulation branched spike development and TFL might correlate with the development of branched rachises in branched spike wheat.
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35

Treiber, Erin L., Laise S. Moreira, and Matthew D. Clark. "Postharvest Potential of Cold-hardy Table Grapes." HortScience 57, no. 10 (October 2022): 1242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci16642-22.

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The University of Minnesota Grape Breeding Program has developed cold-hardy wine grape cultivars that have facilitated the establishment of an economically important grape industry for the Midwest region. In recent years, the program has renewed efforts to breed cold-hardy table grapes. Table grapes might require postharvest storage if they are to be transported or stored for any period of time. Rachis dehydration, berry splitting, and decay can affect the postharvest quality of table grapes. In this study, we evaluated these postharvest traits in six released cultivars and nine advanced selections in the breeding program. For two growing seasons, we used industry standard packaging to assess postharvest traits (rachis dehydration, berry splitting, decay, and overall acceptability) at 2, 4, and 6 weeks of cold storage at 2.2 °C. The growing season had a significant effect on postharvest traits; therefore, the two were examined separately. There were significant differences in postharvest storage times for all traits, except berry splitting in 2020. Mean rachis dehydration reached unacceptable values (>3) after 4 weeks of postharvest storage in 2019 and after 6 weeks in 2020. All other trait means remained acceptable for many cultivars even after 6 weeks of postharvest storage. Advanced selections performed at and above the level of released cultivars, suggesting that selections will perform well in cold-hardy regions. The data collected regarding fruit quality and postharvest storage for two seasons will help to inform and improve breeding of cold-hardy grape cultivars.
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PEREIRA-SILVA, LUCIANA, SONIA MARISA HEFLER, and RAFAEL TREVISAN. "Cyperus tuckerianus (Cyperaceae), a new species from the Central-West Region of Brazil." Phytotaxa 284, no. 3 (November 16, 2016): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.284.3.7.

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Cyperus tuckerianus is a new species described to the Central-West Region of Brazil. This species is similar to Cyperus unioloides, Cyperus lanceolatus var. compositus and Cyperus lanceolatus var. subunioloides, however the new species is distinguished by its lax anthela, simple or compound with spikelets digitiform or grouped in glomerules, by the size of the spikelets and anthers and narrower rachilla. Morphological description, illustration, identification key, data about the habitat and comparisons with similar species are presented.
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37

Eliason, Chad M., and Julia A. Clarke. "Cassowary gloss and a novel form of structural color in birds." Science Advances 6, no. 20 (May 2020): eaba0187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba0187.

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One of the two lineages of extant birds resulting from its deepest split, Palaeognathae, has been reported not to exhibit structural coloration in feathers, affecting inferences of ancestral coloration mechanisms in extant birds. Structural coloration in facial skin and eggshells has been shown in this lineage, but has not been reported in feathers. We present the first evidence for two distinct mechanisms of structural color in palaeognath feathers. One extinct volant clade, Lithornithidae, shows evidence of elongate melanin-containing organelles uniquely associated with glossy/iridescent color, a structural color mechanism found in fossil outgroups and neognath birds. We also demonstrate a structural basis for the exceptional gloss in extant cassowary feathers. We propose gloss as an intermediate phenotype between matte and iridescent plumage, conferred by a thick and smooth feather rachis. Rachis-based structural color has not been previously investigated. The new data illuminate the relationships between avian melanin-based coloration and feather structure.
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Ammar, Mohamed, Ramzi Khiari, Mohamed Naceur Belgacem, and Elimame Elaloui. "Biomatrix from Stipa tenacissima L. and its Application in Fiberboard Using Date Palm Rachis as Filler." Journal of Renewable Materials 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2017): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7569/jrm.2016.634136.

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39

Lazfi, S., N. Ben Haddou, A. Rachadi, and H. Ez-Zahraouy. "The effect of data exchange policy on traffic flow between interconnected networks." International Journal of Modern Physics C 31, no. 03 (January 14, 2020): 2050035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183120500357.

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In order to understand and achieve an optimal functioning in real traffic systems, the problem of congestion in complex networks takes an important place in many recent researches. In this paper, we study the effect of different types of interconnections between two scale free networks on the traffic flow. Two interconnection strategies are used: in the first, we create links between nodes chosen at random from the two subnets [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and, while in the second one, we link nodes selected among the hubs of the subnets. The resulting network [Formula: see text] is under a new routing strategy inspired from the minimal traffic model introduced in [D. De Martino, Phys. Rev. E 79, 015101 (2009); S. Lamzabi, S. Lazfi, H. Ez-Zahraouy, A. Benyoussef, A. Rachadi and S. Ziti, Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 25, 1450019 (2014)]. We find that in case of this routing method, the interconnection pattern has no effect on the results. Further, to control the exchange of packets between the subnets, we propose two adjusting parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The study of the variation of these parameters shows that the optimal network capacity is obtained when the two subnets are allowed to exchange data more openly.
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SUETSUGU, KENJI, and AKIHIKO KINOSHITA. "Sciaphila kozushimensis (Triuridaceae), a new mycoheterotrophic plant from Kozu Island, Izu Islands, Japan, based on morphological and molecular data." Phytotaxa 436, no. 2 (March 17, 2020): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.436.2.5.

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A new species of Sciaphila (Triuridaceae), S. kozushimensis Suetsugu, is described from Kozu Island, Izu Islands, Japan. The new species is similar to S. tosaensis in having unisexual flowers (the female towards the base of the rachis), perianth-segments without any appendages and club-shaped style that is as long as or slightly exceeds ovary in the flowering stage. However, it is distinguishable by smaller male flowers, wide and acuminate male perianth segments and somewhat dissimilar perianth segments. An illustration and molecular analysis based on ITS sequences of the new species are provided. A key to the Japanese Sciaphila is also provided for identification of these rare mycoheterotrophic plants.
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KESSOUS, IGOR M., BEATRIZ NEVES, and ANDREA F. COSTA. "Vriesea mourae (Bromeliaceae), a new critically endangered species from Serra da Bocaina, southeastern Brazil." Phytotaxa 360, no. 1 (July 10, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.360.1.4.

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A new, critically endangered taxon, Vriesea mourae, endemic to the Serra da Bocaina mountains in southeastern Brazil, is described. We provide data on its conservation status, etymological and taxonomic notes, photographs, and illustrations. The taxon is morphologically similar to V. warmingii, differing mainly in the shorter blade, diameter of peduncle and rachis, inflorescence length, floral bract shape and color, sepal shape, petal shape, length, and color.
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KHAN, MOHD ISHFAQ, SHAHZAD A. PANDITH, SALIKA RAMAZAN, MANZOOR A. SHAH, AKHTAR H. MALIK, and ZAFAR A. RESHI. "Rheum moorcroftianum (Polygonaceae) in Kashmir Himalaya." Phytotaxa 405, no. 5 (June 11, 2019): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.405.5.6.

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Rheum moorcroftianum (Polygonaceae) was recorded for the first time in Kashmir Himalayas region. The species was identified using morphological and molecular (DNA-barcode) data. R. moorcroftianum can be distinguished from the other Rheum species on the basis of absence of stem, 3‒7 or more basal leaves, inflorescence in branched panicle, rachis papilliferous, perianth yellow-white, anthers pinkish-red, and seeds red, 3-winged.
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43

Nikolaeva, Elena, and Thomas R. Walter. "InSAR observations of the 2009 Racha earthquake, Georgia." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 9 (September 23, 2016): 2137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-2137-2016.

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Abstract. Central Georgia is an area strongly affected by earthquake and landslide hazards. On 29 April 1991 a major earthquake (Mw = 7.0) struck the Racha region in Georgia, followed by aftershocks and significant afterslip. The same region was hit by another major event (Mw = 6.0) on 7 September 2009. The aim of the study reported here was to utilize interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data to improve knowledge about the spatial pattern of deformation due to the 2009 earthquake. There were no actual earthquake observations by InSAR in Georgia. We considered all available SAR data images from different space agencies. However, due to the long wavelength and the frequent acquisitions, only the multi-temporal ALOS L-band SAR data allowed us to produce interferograms spanning the 2009 earthquake. We detected a local uplift around 10 cm (along the line-of-sight propagation) in the interferogram near the earthquake's epicenter, whereas evidence of surface ruptures could not be found in the field along the active thrust fault. We simulated a deformation signal which could be created by the 2009 Racha earthquake on the basis of local seismic records and by using an elastic dislocation model. We compared our modeled fault surface of the September 2009 with the April 1991 Racha earthquake fault surfaces and identify the same fault or a sub-parallel fault of the same system as the origin. The patch that was active in 2009 is just adjacent to the 1991 patch, indicating a possible mainly westward propagation direction, with important implications for future earthquake hazards.
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HAFIJUR RAHMAN. "FROM JAMAL UDDIN AFGHANI TO RACHID AL-GHANNOUCHI; THE APPROACHES OF CONTEMPORARY MUSLIM INTELLECTUALS TO THE CONCEPT OF STATE." CenRaPS Journal of Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (February 15, 2020): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/cenraps.v2i1.9.

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This research addresses the approaches of contemporary Muslim more specifically Islamist intellectuals to the concept of the state. To analyze their approaches, this paper will discuss all of the three stages of Modern Islamic political thought, namely; Pan Islamism, Islamism and, Post-Islamism. Within this three stages which are referred the time frame of developing Modern Islamic Political Thought, this paper will address the concept of state in the thought of Jamal Uddin Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, Rashid Rida, Abul Al’a Maududi, Hassan al-Banna, Sayyid Qutb, Malik Bennabi, Hassan al-Turabi, Yusuf al-Qaradawi, and Rachid al-Ghannouchi. The aim of this paper is to analyze the concept of the state of mentioned intellectuals based on two important research questions; firstly, what was the main perspective of their thought and secondly, what was their stand to accept the concept of Modern state. This research is a qualitative form of research based on primary and secondary data. Primary data will be collected from the literature of mentioned intellectuals and secondary data will be collected from the literature which is written by others on their thought. To collect both types of data, this research used books, articles, websites, and libraries. It is hoped that this research will contribute significantly to Academia by analyzing their approaches to the concept of the state.
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Wang, Ting, Li Liu, Jun-Jie Luo, Yu-Feng Gu, Si-Si Chen, Bing Liu, Hui Shang, and Yue-Hong Yan. "Finding Hidden Outliers to Promote the Consistency of Key Morphological Traits and Phylogeny in Dennstaedtiaceae." Taxonomy 1, no. 3 (August 23, 2021): 256–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy1030019.

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With the development of open science and technological innovation, using sharing data and molecular biology techniques in the study of taxonomy and systematics have become a crucial component of plants, which undoubtedly helps us discover more hidden outliers or deal with difficult taxa. In this paper, we take Dennstaedtia smithii as an example, based on sharing molecular database, virtual herbarium and plant photo bank, to clarify the outliers that have been hidden in Dennstaedtia and find the key morphological traits with consistent of molecular systematics. In molecular phylogenetic analyses, we used rbcL, rps4, psbA-trnH and trnL-F sequences from 5 new and 49 shared data; the results showed that Dennstaedtia smithii is nested within Microlepia rather than Dennstaedtia. We further studied the morphological characters based on the phylogeny result and found that D. smithii is distinguished from other species of Dennstaedtia by spore ornamentation and the unconnected of grooves between rachis and pinna rachis. According to morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, our results supported that D. smithii should be a new member of Microlepia and renamed Microlepia smithii (Hook.) Y.H. Yan. Finding hidden outliers can promote the consistency of morphological and molecular phylogenetic results, and make the systematic classification more natural.
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Alshahrani, Hassan, Basheer A. Alshammari, Ahmer Hussain Shah, and Abdul Qadeer Dayo. "Development of Hybrid Composite Utilizing Micro-Cellulose Fibers Extracted from Date Palm Rachis in the Najran Region." Polymers 14, no. 21 (November 3, 2022): 4687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214687.

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Environmental effects can be reduced by using renewable resources in various applications. The date palm fibers (DPF) used in this study were extracted from waste date ranches of the Najran region by retting and manual peeling processes. The biocomposites were developed by reinforcing the silane-treated DPF (SDPF) at different wt.% in eugenol phthalonitrile (EPN) and difunctional benzoxazine (BA-a) copolymer. The impact strength, tensile, flexural, and dynamic mechanical properties and thermogravimetric analysis were evaluated to understand the mechanical, thermomechanical, and thermal properties. Results confirmed that 30 wt.% SDPF-reinforced poly (EPN/BA-a) composites produced the highest mechanical and thermomechanical properties, and were considered optimized SDPF reinforcement. Furthermore, hybrid composites with 30 wt.% SDPF and 15 wt.% silane-treated glass fibers (SGF) reinforcement having different lamination sequences were also studied. The lamination sequences showed a significant impact on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties, as properties were further enhanced by adding a core layer of SGF in hybrid composites. However, the thermal properties of SDPF/SGF laminates were higher than SDPF biocomposites, but the SGF lamination sequence did not produce any impact. According to the limiting oxygen and heat resistance indexes, the developed SDPF/SGF laminates are self-extinguishing materials and can be used in temperature-tolerant applications up to 230 °C.
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Tarter, Michael E., and Stefano Poni. "A Vitis vinifera Cluster's Wing-related Structural Characteristics and Their Associations with Yield and Berry Composition." HortScience 45, no. 8 (August 2010): 1270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.45.8.1270.

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The hypotheses considered in this article concern the basic question, besides bearing a wing, in what ways do wing-bearing and non-wing-bearing clusters differ? Vines sampled at midseason were again selected at harvest. Each weight of a Vitis vinifera cluster sampled at midseason was multiplied by the number of clusters on the vine from which the cluster had been selected. Correlation coefficients between this quantity and the sampled vine's yield at harvest differed significantly in the sense that coefficients determined solely from the subset of sampled clusters on which a wing (a lateral arm originating from the peduncle and separate from the main body of the cluster) was present were found to be larger than coefficients determined from all sampled clusters. To shed light on distinguishing characteristics of clusters that bore wings, the weights of clusters that had been sampled at midseason were studied. Despite being weighed after the removal of their wings, clusters that had wings were found to be significantly heavier than clusters (sampled at the same midseason date) that had never had wings. Box and whisker plots were constructed to assess this finding as well to study the relationships between a Vitis vinifera rachis' (a cluster's principal axis) weight, length, and diameter and wing absence or presence. For each of the five vineyard blocks that we studied, the median rachis midseason diameters of wing-bearing clusters exceeded the median rachis diameters of non-wing-bearing clusters. Concerning ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ Vitis vinifera clusters that had wings, it was also found that the late-season differences between the median soluble solids concentrations (°Brix) of wing-borne berries and the median °Brix of non-wing-borne berries were inappreciable.
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48

Ahumada, Miguel H., Elizabeth J. Mitcham, and Denise G. Moore. "Postharvest Quality of `Thompson Seedless' Grapes after Insecticidal Controlled Atmosphere Treatments." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 792A—792. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.792a.

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Nonfumigated `Thompson Seedless' table grapes were stored in air or one of four atmospheres: 0.5% O2 and 35% CO2; 0.5% O2 and 45% CO2; 0.5% O2 and 55% CO2; and 100% CO2. Grapes were stored at 5C and 20C for 6 and 4.5 days, respectively. The fruit were evaluated for weight loss, berry firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, berry shattering, rachis browning, berry browning, and volatiles (acetaldehyde and ethanol). Fruit quality was not affected at 5C; however, at 20C, controlled atmosphere (CA) treatments had a detrimental effect on rachis browning and soluble solids. CA at both temperatures induced the production of high levels of acetaldehyde and ethanol. After treatment at 5C, volatile concentrations were two-thirds lower than at 20C. A consumer taste panel evaluated fruit 3 days after removal from CA. Consumer preference was negatively affected by the CA treatments at 20C; however at 5C, consumer preferencewas not affected by the treatments. Preliminary data for mortality of Omnivorous Leafroller pupae (Platynota stultana), Western Flower Thrips adults (Frankliniella occidentalis), and Pacific Spider Mite adults (Tetranychus pacificus) indicate that many of these treatments would provide quarantine security.
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49

AGUILAR-RODRÍGUEZ, PEDRO A., PEDRO DÍAZ JIMÉNEZ, ADOLFO ESPEJO-SERNA, ANA ROSA LÓPEZ-FERRARI, HEIKO HENTRICH, STEFAN DÖTTERL, YOSSI YOVEL, and M. CRISTINA MACSWINEY-G. "A new Werauhia (Tillandsioideae, Bromeliaceae) from Mexico with observations about its reproductive biology." Phytotaxa 446, no. 2 (May 27, 2020): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.446.2.6.

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Werauhia maculata a new species from Tabasco, Mexico is described and illustrated. The new taxon possesses a large tank-rosette, with conspicuous and irregularly disposed dark purple marks on the basal portion of the leaves abaxial surface, a simple inflorescence, with secund and numerous whitish-flowers densely arranged on the rachis. The new taxon is compared with W. pectinata and W. noctiflorens, species with similar characteristics. In addition, some data about its reproductive biology are presented.
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50

Elliott, M. L., E. Honeycutt, J. West, and P. Franklin. "First Report of Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. canariensis on Canary Island Date Palm in Texas and South Carolina." Plant Disease 95, no. 3 (March 2011): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-10-0777.

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Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis) is native to the Canary Islands and widely grown throughout the world as an ornamental. At a home site in Austin, TX in May 2008 and a commercial site near Charleston, SC in December 2009, declining Canary Island date palms were observed. Symptoms included individual leaves with chlorotic or necrotic leaflets on one side of the leaf blade (one-sided wilt or death) and a distinct reddish brown stripe along the petiole and rachis. Cross-sections through the petiole or rachis exhibited discoloration of internal tissue. Fusarium oxysporum was isolated from the internal petiole or rachis tissue of each palm sample onto one-quarter-strength potato dextrose agar (PDA). Typical macroconidia in pale orange sporodochia, microconidia in false heads on short monophialides, and chlamydospores were observed (2). Macroconidia were mostly 3-septate, slightly curved, and ranged from 3.8 to 4.2 × 42.9 to 46.5 μm. Microconidia were single cell, oval to reniform, and ranged from 2.5 to 2.9 × 7.2 to 7.8 μm. Single-spore isolates grown on full-strength PDA (12-h light and 26°C) produced abundant white-to-pale lavender mycelia with a purple pigment in the agar. One isolate from each location (PLM-385B from Texas and PLM-511A from South Carolina) was selected for pathogenicity tests and molecular characterization. The translation elongation factor 1-α gene (EF-1α) was amplified in each isolate by PCR using the ef1 and ef2 primers (1). Products were sequenced and queried for similarity against the NCBI database and the FUSARIUM-ID database ( http://isolate.fusariumdb.org/index.php ) (1) using the BLAST search tool. In both databases, both isolates matched F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis strain NRRL 26035 (GenBank Accession No. AF008485; FD_01211) at 100% sequence similarity. Sequences for PLM-385B and PLM-511A have been deposited in the NCBI database (GenBank Accession Nos. HM591537 and HM591538, respectively). Pathogenicity of these two isolates was tested on three-leaf Canary Island date palm seedlings. There were five replicate palms per isolate and control treatment. All potting mix was shaken from the roots and three groups of five seedlings were placed in small buckets. Twenty-five milliliters of a 106 conidia ml–1 suspension was pipetted down among the leaf bases and the excess drained onto the roots. Control palms received sterile water. Seedlings were covered with plastic for 48 h and then transplanted into separate growing containers. Ten weeks after inoculation, initial symptoms of a leaf wilt (off-color and folded over) were observed on some of the inoculated palms. After 4 months, all palms inoculated with PLM-511A were dead and three of the five palms inoculated with PLM-385B were dead. The pathogen was reisolated from diseased palms. All five control palms remained healthy. While the symptomatic palm in Texas had been in the home site approximately 2 years, which implied the palm could have been already infected when transplanted, the palm in South Carolina had been planted in 1990. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Fusarium wilt of Canary Island date palm in Texas and South Carolina. Previously in the United States, the disease had only been noted in California, Florida, and Nevada. References: (1) D. M. Geiser et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 110:473, 2004. (2) J. F. Leslie and B. A. Summerell. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, IA, 2006.
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