Academic literature on the topic 'Race identity'

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Journal articles on the topic "Race identity"

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Singh, Bhavesh, and Yvonne Craig. "Race and Identity." Self & Society 19, no. 2 (March 1991): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03060497.1991.11085170.

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Richards, Barry. "Family, Race and Identity." Adoption & Fostering 11, no. 3 (October 1987): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857598701100305.

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Levin, Jon, Peter McLaren, and Shindale Seale. "Race, Identity and Superheroes." International Journal of Critical Media Literacy 1, no. 1 (April 3, 2019): 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25900110-00101001.

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Superheroes have been part of human civilization since its beginnings, as evidenced by prehistoric images of heroic meticulously etched into the walls of caves around the globe (Horsman, 1981). For the better part of three generations, however, they have only grown in their popularity and have significantly impacted the contemporary age. Not surprisingly, comic books and the superheroes celebrated on their hallowed pages have reflected the value and identities of their creators. A majority of these creators, until very recently, were Caucasian and espoused the dominance, virtues, and heroism of the able-bodied, White, Anglo-Saxon, North American male.
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Clarke, Graham, Kerry McSweeney, and Robert O'Meally. "Invisible Man: Race and Identity." Modern Language Review 85, no. 4 (October 1990): 938. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3732683.

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Lloyd, V. "Gillian Rose, Race, and Identity." Telos 2015, no. 173 (December 1, 2015): 107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3817/1215173107.

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Narveson, Jan. "Race, Social Identity, Human Dignity." Social Philosophy Today 16 (2000): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/socphiltoday20001643.

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Calavita, Kitty. "Immigration Law, Race, and Identity." Annual Review of Law and Social Science 3, no. 1 (December 2007): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.lawsocsci.3.081806.112745.

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Jones, Marcus D., and Charles H. Rowell. "Origins, History, Race and Identity." Callaloo 27, no. 1 (2004): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cal.2004.0006.

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Jones, Marcus D., and Charles H. Rowell. "Race, Racial Politics, and Identity." Callaloo 27, no. 1 (2004): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cal.2004.0008.

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Pérez, Herbert. "Marti, Race and Cuban Identity." Monthly Review 55, no. 6 (November 3, 2003): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-055-06-2003-10_3.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Race identity"

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Kline, Alexander C. "PTSD Treatment, Race, and Cultural Identity." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1433417920.

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Burnaford, Rochelle Milne. "Race, ethnicity, and exclusion in group identity." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3999.

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The current project investigates exclusion in terms of racial/ethnic identity and group behavioral norms. Research concerning the "black sheep effect" evidences the tendency for group members to derogate a fellow in-group member who has violated an important social norm (Marques, Yzerbyt, & Leyens, 1988). Similarly, Oyserman's (2007) model of identity-based motivation argues that any group identity can shape behavior through a process of identity infusion such that group members are motivated to behave in ways that are in-group identity-infused and equally avoid behaviors that are out-group identity-infused. Finally, identity misclassification research provides evidence that individuals feel threatened by the notion that they may have behaved in ways that are congruent with an out-group (e.g., Bosson, Prewitt-Freillino, & Taylor, 2005). Therefore, when a behavior is infused with the identity of an out-group, avoiding such behaviors is seen as an expression of belonging to one's in-group. The current project assesses the consequences of group identity-infusion specifically in the area of academics and racial/ethnic identity. In Study 1, identity-threatened participants who were excluded by an in-group member attributed their exclusion to their out-group identity-infused behavior, but they did not expect exclusion, nor experience heightened negative emotions or anxiety as a result of exclusion. In Study 2, though strongly identified participants were more likely to choose an identity-affirmed partner regardless of task condition, no differences were found for ratings of potential partners. Future research should address ecological validity issues and attempt to make more naturalistic observations of these behavioral patterns. Additionally, a younger sample should be used in order to assess exclusion for "acting White" among students who are legally required to be in school, rather than those who have chosen to pursue higher education.
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Mueller, Ulrike Anne. "White Germanness, German whiteness : race, nation and identity /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3095265.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 254-273). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Kinsman, Philip. "Landscapes of national non-identity : landscape, race and national identity in contemporary Britain." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360752.

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Adams, Gloria. "Rural Whiteness, Realizing Race: White Race Identity in Rural Northwestern Pennsylvania: A Critical Review." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1314103162.

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Mwanika, Eva N. "Ancient Egyptian Identity." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1090531381.

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Patchill, Teresa. "The impact of ethnic identity on stereotypes." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/489.

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Driggers, Dyann Maureen. "White adolescent racism: An integrative assessment including white racial identity theories." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1949.

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Millar, Tennyson E. "Race, identity and the transference/countertransference : a mixed-race patient and a mixed-race psychotherapist : a single case study." Thesis, University of East London, 2014. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/4596/.

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This thesis is a single case-study of a child and adolescent psychotherapist working with a fourteen year old female adolescent patient of similar mixed ethnic background. The thesis presents the completed two year therapeutic work which included periods of intensive therapy (3-4 times-a-week work) following less intensive work. The patient’s early life was marked by witnessing parental domestic violence and parents who divorced. She subsequently struggled with maintaining relationships and presented race and gender identity ambiguity. She had consistently self-harmed and overdosed since the age of thirteen. The psychotherapist relied heavily on his countertransference in order to better understand and make sense of the patient’s inner world, particularly regarding issues of identity, race, gender and attachment. The primary research method used to analyse processed clinical session notes was Grounded Theory Method.
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Cochran, Robert Edward. "Race, Place, and Identity: Examining Place Identity in the Racialized Landscape of Buckhead, Atlanta." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/geosciences_theses/16.

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This thesis examines the role of racialized practices in the discourses and processes that alter place identity. Drawing on ethnography from the East Village of Buckhead, a once vibrant nightlife district in Atlanta, I examine how discourses of danger, colorblindness, and the race card have been employed to “whitewash” the discussions about the redevelopment of the Village. In effect, the business and civic elite of Atlanta (and Buckhead) deployed racialized conceptualizations of group identity. In particular, they utilized “public safety” discourses to influence the Atlanta city government to support the redevelopment effort. This led to the elimination of the establishments that attracted African American partygoers in large numbers. Using interviews with government agents, night club operators, and Buckhead civic and business leaders, combined with archival analysis of newspaper accounts, I implemented a hybrid content-discourse analysis to explore the ways in which the discourses of race and place concerning the East Village changed between 2000 and 2008.
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Books on the topic "Race identity"

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1943-, Barrow Craig, and Southern Humanities Conference Meeting, eds. Gender, race, & identity. Chattanooga, TN: Southern Humanities Press, 1993.

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McSweeney, Kerry. Invisible man: Race and identity. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1988.

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1966-, Light Andrew, Nagel Mechthild, and Radical Philosophy Association, eds. Race, class, and community identity. Amherst, N.Y: Humanity Books, 2000.

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Jaksic, Iván, ed. Debating Race, Ethnicity, and Latino Identity. New York Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/jaks16944.

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Strong, Amy L. Race and Identity in Hemingway’s Fiction. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230611276.

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1949-, Torres Rodolfo D., Mirón Luis F, and Inda Jonathan Xavier, eds. Race, identity, and citizenship: A reader. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Publishers, 1999.

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Cheryl, Hughes, North American Society for Social Philosophy., and International Conference on Social Philosophy (16th : 1999 : Villanova, Pa.), eds. Race, social identity, and human dignity. Charlottesville, Va: Philosophy Documentation Center, 2002.

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Stratton, Jon. Race daze: Australia in identity crisis. Annandale, NSW: Pluto Press, 1998.

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Cameron, McCarthy, and Crichlow Warren, eds. Race, identity, and representation in education. New York: Routledge, 1993.

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Strong, Amy L. Race and identity in Hemingway's fiction. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Race identity"

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Chalfin, Robin R. "Identity-as-disclosive-space." In Race, Rage, and Resistance, 163–79. New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429266058-10.

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Banks, Patricia A. "Identity." In Race, Ethnicity, and Consumption, 11–37. New York, NY: Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315121147-2.

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Reid, Darren R. "Race and Identity." In Native American Racism in the Age of Donald Trump, 91–136. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58718-5_4.

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Clark, Christine. "Race and Identity." In Teacher's Guide for in the Shadow of Race: Growing Up As a Multiethnic, Multicultural, and Multiracial American, 27–60. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315045313-4.

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Singh, Amit. "No Race, No Racism?" In Fighting Identity, 94–118. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003294672-5.

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Michaels, Walter Benn. "Class Not Race." In Identity Trumps Socialism, 143–56. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003320890-11.

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Wade, Peter. "Identity, Ethnicity, and “Race”." In A Companion to Latin American History, 480–93. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444391633.ch27.

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Gasman, Marybeth, Noah D. Drezner, Edward Epstein, Tyrone Freeman, and Vida L. Avery. "Race, Gender, and Identity." In Race, Gender, and Leadership in Nonprofit Organizations, 19–40. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137001689_3.

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Inggs, Judith. "Identity, Space and Race." In SpringerBriefs in Education, 27–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25534-7_3.

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Garcia, J. L. A. "2. Racial and Ethnic Identity?" In Race or Ethnicity?, edited by Jorge J. E. Gracia, 45–77. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501727245-005.

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Conference papers on the topic "Race identity"

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Reddy Best, Kelly L. "Race, Ethnicity, Dress, and Identity Module." In Bridging the Divide. Iowa State University Digital Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.17195.

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Rowan, Willa, and Robyn Dahl. "RACE AND GEOSCIENCE IDENTITY IN UNDERGRADUATES." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-381414.

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Sun, Jeffrey. "Race and Gender Identity Law and Policy Controversies." In 2023 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2009421.

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Ohanian, Michelle. "Preservice Teachers' Online Writings Related to Diversity, Race, and Identity." In 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1578563.

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Rabadi-Raol, Ayesha. "Race (Un)Awareness: Immigrant Early Childhood Teachers and Self-Identity." In 2023 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2014396.

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Aldemir, Tugce, Marcela Borge, and Jose Soto. "How Students Talk About Race and Identity: Unpacking Social-Emotional Talk." In 16th International Conference on Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) 2023. International Society of the Learning Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22318/cscl2023.485037.

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Peng, Jackie. "Raising Mixed Kids in the 'Burbs: Mixed-Race Families Navigating Race, Identity, and Discrimination in Suburban Schools." In AERA 2024. USA: AERA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/ip.24.2141689.

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Smith, Kristie. "This I Believe: Race, Educator Identity, and One Middle School Teacher Life." In 2022 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1888113.

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Phillips, Terron. "Using Afropessimism and Cultural Identity Theory to Explain “Race-Neutral” Affirmative Action." In 2024 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2111961.

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Haugen, Andrea, Stacey Rieck, Phia Salter, Sahana Mukherjee, and Michael Perez. "Theorizing the Relationship Between Identity and Diversity Engagement: Openness Through Identity Mismatch." In International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology Congress. International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4087/lley5557.

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Psychological research suggests that engagement with diversity-relevant materials can have a positive impact on interracial relations. However, prior research also suggests that there may be individual differences in how effective exposure to critical diversity narratives would be in facilitating positive intergroup attitudes. The primary aim of this paper is to provide some empirically based theorizing about patterns of group identification and their relationship to effective diversity exposure. In this chapter, we discuss two examples of research that explore for whom engagement with critical diversity activities may facilitate increased perceptions of social inequality. We begin by conceptualizing four race-based identity profiles derived from orthogonal considerations of attachment and glorification. We discuss support for findings that suggest that scoring high on one dimension but not the other (mixed or mismatched identity profiles) constitutes the identity profiles most likely to facilitate openness to critical, potentially identity-threatening, diversity content.
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Reports on the topic "Race identity"

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Bodenhorn, Howard, and Christopher Ruebeck. The Economics of Identity and the Endogeneity of Race. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9962.

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Ruebeck, Christopher, Susan Averett, and Howard Bodenhorn. Acting White or Acting Black: Mixed-Race Adolescents' Identity and Behavior. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13793.

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Button, Patrick, Eva Dils, Benjamin Harrell, Luca Fumarco, and David Schwegman. Gender Identity, Race, and Ethnicity Discrimination in Access to Mental Health Care: Preliminary Evidence from a Multi-Wave Audit Field Experiment. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28164.

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Ferrell, Christopher E., David Reinke, John M. Eeels, and Matthew M. Schroeder. Defining and Measuring Equity in Public Transportation. Mineta Transporation Institute, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2100.

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Transit should serve all users, regardless of age, race, ability, or any other identity. Policies and planning must be conscious of inequities when defining and measuring equity in public transportation. This study was done to aid the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and the state’s transit agencies in assessing transit service equity and assisting with evaluating past, existing, and future inequities. This report identifies and evaluates policies and practices associated with equity measurement in public transit from extant academic and professional literature sources. These include the Federal laws and regulations addressing Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the measurement tools (i.e., metrics) that are used to identify and evaluate equity impacts related to transit benefits and costs. The report identifies a list of candidate metrics and applies them to a test case in Santa Cruz County, California, and compares their results to those generated by the metrics required by Title VI (race and income) for transit equity analysis. From this comparison, the study evaluated the need for new metrics in transit equity. Findings suggest that these traditional Title VI measures do not correlate well with other potential measures of inequity. Hence, transit inequity is a multifaceted problem with several potential different measures, each revealing an aspect of inequity. Caltrans and other transit-related agencies need to reach beyond these traditional measures, finding metrics that address the specific, context-appropriate equity conditions of the communities they are measuring to ensure fair and equal public transportation for all.
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Etu, Egbe-Etu, Asha Weinstein Agrawal, Imokhai Tenebe, Jordan Larot, and Dang Minh Nhu Nguyen. Misconduct on Public Transit: An Exploratory Analysis Using the Comments Formerly Known as Tweets. Mineta Transportation Institute, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2317.

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This project developed a simple methodology for using Twitter data to explore public perceptions about misconduct on public transit in California. The methodology allows future researchers to analyze tweets to answer questions such as: How frequent are tweets related to assault, abuse, or other misconduct on public transit? What concerns arise most frequently? What are the types of behaviors discussed? We collected and analyzed data from Twitter posts in California about various types of public transit misconduct from January 2020 to March 2023 to identify the nature and frequency of reported misconduct. Our findings reveal that harassment, uncivil behavior, and assault are the commonly reported concerns; far fewer tweets mention obscene behavior, threats, or theft. It appears that at times the victims had been targeted on the basis of their race, gender, or sexual identity, or because they were transit employees. The tweets indicate that both genders are victimized, though women were targeted more often than men (57.5% vs. 42.5%). As for the alleged perpetrators of transit misconduct, more than three-quarters were male (78%). Transit agencies and researchers can use the results of these analyses to strategically improve safety measures for the benefit of passengers and transit operators.
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Lindberg, Laura D., Jennifer Mueller, Marielle Kirstein, and Alicia VandeVusse. The Continuing Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: Findings from the 2021 Guttmacher Survey of Reproductive Health Experiences. Guttmacher Institute, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1363/2021.33301.

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In this report, we analyze the 2021 data, focusing on how respondents feel the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced their sexual and reproductive health in two core areas: fertility preferences and access to care, including use of telehealth. We note disparities according to individuals’ race and ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, income level and economic well-being. To assess the ongoing scope and magnitude of the impacts of the pandemic, we also examine findings on comparable measures from the 2020 and 2021 GSRHE studies. These data provide four key findings: The pandemic has continued to shift fertility preferences and impede access to sexual and reproductive health care, including contraceptive services. The impacts reported in the summer of 2021 are smaller than those reported earlier in the pandemic but remain pervasive. The pandemic continues to have disproportionate effects on the sexual and reproductive health of those already experiencing systemic social and health inequities. Telehealth services are bridging gaps in sexual and reproductive health care resulting from pandemic-related upheaval, particularly for those who already experience barriers to accessing health care.
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Osanami Törngren, Sayaka, and Marcus Nyström. Are Swedes really racially color-blind? Examination of racial ascription and degree of Swedishness. Malmö University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178772735.

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This is one of the first studies in Sweden testing the notion of racial color-blindness empirically in a Swedish context, by asking a sample of Swedish participants to assign race to images of faces with different phenotypes, rate how ‘Swedish’ the faces are perceived (referred to the degree of ‘Swedishness’) and identify the skin color of the faces (through the NIS skincolor scale). We also use eye-tracking to explore whether participants look differently at faces of different racial groups. The results show that skin-color is a decisive factor in the racial ascription as Black, while skin color is not determinant of the degree of Swedishness. What determines the degree of Swedishness is the racial assignment itself, in other words, how individuals perceive and categorize phenotypes into different racial groups. We conclude that Swedes are not truly racially color-blind and race does indeed matter in Sweden.
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McGee, Steven, Randi McGee-Tekula, and Jennifer Duck. Does a Focus on Modeling and Explanation of Molecular Interactions Impact Student Learning and Identity? The Learning Partnership, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.51420/conf.2017.1.

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The Interactions curriculum and professional development program is designed to support high school teachers in their transition to the physical science Next Generation Science Standards. Through curriculum materials, an online portal for delivering the digital materials, interactive models of molecular phenomena, and educative teacher guide, teachers are able to support students in bridging the gap between macroscopic and sub-microscopic ideas in physical science by focusing on a modeling and explanation-oriented exploration of attractions and energy changes at the atomic level. During the fall semester of the 2015-16 school year, The Learning Partnership conducted a field test of Interactions with eleven teachers who implemented the curriculum across a diverse set of school districts. As part of the field test, The Learning Partnership examined the impact of teachers’ inquiry-based teaching practices on student learning and identification with the scientific enterprise. The results indicate that students had statistically significant growth in learning from the beginning to end of unit 2 and that the extent to which teachers engaged students in inquiry had a positive statistically significant influence on the growth rate and a statistically significant indirect impact on students’ identification with the scientific enterprise.
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St. John, Haley, and Juliette Scantlebury. A 10-Year Review of Opioid-Related Deaths at West Tennessee Regional Forensic Center: 2007-2017. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/com.lsp.2019.0005.

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Prescription opioid deaths have tripled since 1999, and currently opioid overdose kills 115 Americans per day on average (1). Prior to 2014, prescription opioids have been the primary driver of opioid-related mortality. In recent years, the United States has seen a steady decline in the rate of opioid prescription. At the same time, there has been a significant increase in the number of deaths attributed to non-prescription opioids such as heroin, illicitly manufactured fentanyl, and fentanyl analogues. In 2017, among 70,237 drug overdose deaths nationally, 47,600 (67.8%) involved opioids, with increases across age groups, racial/ethnic groups, and county urbanization levels in multiple states (2). The opioid epidemic is especially profound in Tennessee, which had the 3rd highest opioid prescription rate in the country in 2017 and an opioid-related death rate of 19.3 deaths per 100,000 persons, compared to the national average of 14.6 (3). This retrospective study analyzes autopsy data from West Tennessee Regional Forensic Center (WTRFC) from 2007 to 2017 to gain a better understanding of the effects of the opioid epidemic on West Tennessee and the surrounding areas. Data from opioid-related accidents and suicides were analyzed in order to identify trends in race, age, gender, location, types of opioids, and drug combinations involved in opioid-related deaths.
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Joel, Daniel M., Steven J. Knapp, and Yaakov Tadmor. Genomic Approaches for Understanding Virulence and Resistance in the Sunflower-Orobanche Host-Parasite Interaction. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7592655.bard.

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Oroginal Objectives: (i) identify DNA markers linked to the avirulence (Avr) locus and locate the Avr locus through genetic mapping with an inter-race Orobanche cumana population; (ii) develop high-throughput fingerprint DNA markers for genotypingO. cumana races; (iii) identify nucleotide binding domain leucine rich repeat (NB-LRR) genes encoding R proteins conferring resistance to O. cumana in sunflower; (iv) increase the resolution of the chromosomal segment harboring Or₅ and related R genes through genetic and physical mapping in previously and newly developed mapping populations of sunflower; and (v) develop high-throughput DNA markers for rapidly and efficiently identifying and transferring sunflower R genes through marker-assisted selection. Revisions made during the course of project: Following changes in O. cumana race distribution in Israel, the newly arrived virulent race H was chosen for further analysis. HA412-HO, which was primarily chosen as a susceptible sunflower cultivar, was more resistant to the new parasite populations than var. Shemesh, thus we shifted sunflower research into analyzing the resistance of HA412-HO. We exceeded the deliverables for Objectives #3-5 by securing funding for complete physical and high-density genetic mapping of the sunflower genome, in addition to producing a complete draft sequence of the sunflower genome. We discovered limited diversity between the parents of the O. cumana population developed for the mapping study. Hence, the developed DNA marker resources were insufficient to support genetic map construction. This objective was beyond the scale and scope of the funding. This objective is challenging enough to be the entire focus of follow up studies. Background to the topic: O. cumana, an obligate parasitic weed, is one of the most economically important and damaging diseases of sunflower, causes significant yield losses in susceptible genotypes, and threatens production in Israel and many other countries. Breeding for resistance has been crucial for protecting sunflower from O. cumana, and problematic because new races of the pathogen continually emerge, necessitating discovery and deployment of new R genes. The process is challenging because of the uncertainty in identifying races in a genetically diverse parasite. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: We developed a small collection of SSR markers for genetic mapping in O. cumana and completed a diversity study to lay the ground for objective #1. Because DNA sequencing and SNPgenotyping technology dramatically advanced during the course of the study, we recommend shifting future work to SNP discovery and mapping using array-based approaches, instead of SSR markers. We completed a pilot study using a 96-SNP array, but it was not large enough to support genetic mapping in O.cumana. The development of further SNPs was beyond the scope of the grant. However, the collection of SSR markers was ideal for genetic diversity analysis, which indicated that O. cumanapopulations in Israel considerably differ frompopulations in other Mediterranean countries. We supplied physical and genetic mapping resources for identifying R-genes in sunflower responsible for resistance to O. cumana. Several thousand mapped SNP markers and a complete draft of the sunflower genome sequence are powerful tools for identifying additional candidate genes and understanding the genomic architecture of O. cumana-resistanceanddisease-resistance genes. Implications: The OrobancheSSR markers have utility in sunflower breeding and genetics programs, as well as a tool for understanding the heterogeneity of races in the field and for geographically mapping of pathotypes.The segregating populations of both Orobanche and sunflower hybrids are now available for QTL analyses.
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