Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Race and nation'
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Borgstede, S. B. "'All is race' : an analysis of Disraeli on race, nation and empire." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/19283/.
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This thesis explores the ways in which the Victorian Tory politician and novelist Benjamin Disraeli developed his own racial thinking. In response to the anti-Semitism of the period he became convinced that race was the key to understand how society worked. The thesis traces his use of the category of race as a key axis of social difference and how race intersected in his thinking with class, culture, gender and nation and empire. It analyses his development of a one-nation-politics discussing his social criticism and his focus on those who were marginal to the mid-Victorian nation – working-class men, the Irish and women. The thesis demonstrates how in his attempt to integrate the Irish into this unified nation he increasingly came to categorise their militant separatism as the cause of Ireland’s misery. It investigates his conception of the politics of empire and how it was bound together with his one-nation vision and it outlines the ways in which his doctrine of race legitimated his imperial interventions. Drawing on all available sources of Disraeli’s thought, the thesis is a historically embedded discourse analysis that utilizes methods from political history, social and cultural history, biographical approaches and cultural studies. It treats novels, letters and parliamentary speeches as well as other political and social interventions as differently constituted and situated discourses which need to be understood as distinct and sometimes contradictory entities which nevertheless form a whole. Inspired by Hannah Arendt’s discussion of Disraeli as a Jew who fought back this thesis explores the complex ways in which mid-Victorian discourses of identity and belonging were interwoven with discourses of race.
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Mueller, Ulrike Anne. "White Germanness, German whiteness : race, nation and identity /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3095265.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 254-273). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Adams, Alyssa Susan Brideweser. "Race, Nation Building, and the Development of National Identity in Twentieth Century Argentina." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/156889.
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In my work, I contend that an elite group of intellectuals and officials known as the Generation 1880 led a number of governmental reforms that affected the Argentine self-identity in racialized terms. I argue that Generation 1880 scholars instituted these reforms in order to pursue their own economic interests and maintain social dominance. In the first section of the thesis, I discuss the influences that affected the Generation 1880's construction of their social model. I focus on why Generation 1880 came to define this social model in racialized terms. In the second section of the thesis, I show how social and legal reforms led by Generation 1880 officials enacted the group's racial ideology. Then I examine the way in which these reforms--based upon the elites' racial ideology--effected citizens living in Argentina. Throughout the paper I analyze the way in which Generation 1880's policies affected Argentine self-identity. I maintain that the social pressures exerted by elites, which delineated acceptable from unacceptable social behavior, effected how citizens in Argentina acted. In time, Generation 1880's race-based policies came to define Argentine identity and the traits of the ideal Argentine citizen in racialized terms.
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Tagore, Proma. "The poetics of displacement : rethinking nation, race and gender." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23739.
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This thesis examines representations of nation, race and gender in three postcolonial texts: Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children; Meena Alexander's autobiographical memoirs Fault Lines; and Bengali writer Mahasweta Devi's collection of short stories entitled Imaginary Maps. All three texts reconfigure conventional accounts of nationhood by positing fictions based on what I am calling the poetics of displacement. The diasporic perspective provides Salman Rushdie's novel with the ability to suggest hybrid identities arising from the experience of cultural migration. In Meena Alexander's autobiography, displacement is figured in terms of both a diasporic and feminist vision that allows for the deconstruction of masculinist narratives of identity and nation. Mahasweta Devi's short stories, by contrast, represent displacement in terms of the violences and dislocations suffered by the Indian subaltern as a result of ecological degradation and cultural uprootment. In looking at these differential articulations of displacement, this thesis thus attempts to illustrate that what is often seen as an unified body of postcolonial literature emerges from a heterogeneous set of textual practices which are the products of varying social, cultural, political and economic contexts. In this way, this thesis rethinks the categories of nation, race and gender in order to consider the bases upon which people make claims to identity along with the boundaries of inclusion or exclusion often invoked by such claims.
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Taylor, Lisa Karen. "Contingent belonging, race, culture and nation in ESL pedagogy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq28722.pdf.
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Hulan, Renée. "Representing the Canadian North : stories of gender, race, and nation." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40363.
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This thesis addresses the teleological relationship between national identity and national consciousness in the specific definition of Canada as a northern nation by giving a descriptive account of representative texts in which the north figures as a central theme, including: ethnography, travel writing, autobiography, adventure stories, poetry, and novels. It argues that the collective Canadian identity idealized in the representation of the north is not organic but constructed in terms of such characteristics as self-sufficiency, independence, and endurance; that these characteristics are inflected by ideas of gender and race; and that they are evoked to give the 'deeper justification' of nationhood to the Canadian state. In this description of the mutually dependent definitions of gender, racial, and national identities, the thesis disputes the idea that northern consciousness is the source of a distinct collective identity for Canadians.
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Nuttall, Timothy Andrew. "Class, race and nation : African politics in Durban, 1929-1949." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:876d79f4-db97-4efc-8751-18ac01fc38ef.
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The 1930s and 1940s in Durban have been relatively under-researched, and yet these two decades constituted a crucial phase in the city's growth. This thesis concentrates on the political experiences of Africans during the period. The beer hall riots of 1929 and the 'African-Indian' riots of 1949 serve as significant points at which to start and end the thesis. These two flashpoints were very different in nature, and their differences signalled the changes that took place in Durban between the late 1920s and the late 1940s. Yet the riots can also be linked: they both reflected extreme frustration amongst Africans at their exclusion from the resources of the city. The two riots illuminate key issues in African politics, in municipal and state policy, and in the changing structures of Durban society. These comparative findings are based on a detailed study of the period between the two riots. A wide variety of African political experiences in Durban is examined. These fall into four broad categories of political ideology and practice: populism, nationalism, ethnicity and 'workerism'. The narrative begins with the radical anti-municipal populism of 1929-30 and then attempts to explain the politically 'quiet' 1930s. The Second World War brought significant changes, giving rise to a range of important new ideologies and political strategies. The most important developments were in worker organisation and nationalist politics. The struggle for the city was heightened even further in the post-war period. Wide-ranging expressions of urban populism and racial ethnicity set the scene for the 1949 riots. Due to the nature of the evidence collected, much of the thesis concentrates on the roles played by the (largely middle class) political leadership. The analysis portrays African politics as a complex process of 'negotiation', and the historical narrative is informed by theoretical perspectives which integrate 'class' and 'race'.
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Triana, Tania. "Can̋a quemá : narrating race, gender, and nation(s) in Cuba /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3137246.
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Edwards, Tonia M. "From Boyz to the banlieue race, nation, and mediated resistance /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3331250.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Communication and Culture, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 23, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-11, Section: A, page: 4161. Adviser: Joan Hawkins.
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Howard, David John. "Colouring the nation : race and ethnicity in the Dominican Republic." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e7cc675f-cd66-4827-a52f-9cd1765f3777.
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This thesis analyses the importance of race for the construction of nation and ethnicity in the Dominican Republic, a situation in which racial ancestry and spatial proximity to Haiti are paramount. Firstly, racial legacies are of primary importance among a Dominican population where cultural, linguistic and religious differences are limited. Racial differences are manipulated through the unequal standing and significance given to European, African and indigenous ancestries. European and indigenous heritages in the Dominican Republic have been celebrated at the expense of an African past. Secondly, Dominican identity is constructed vis-à-vis Haiti, most notably with respect to race and nation, and through the ancillary variables of religion and language. The importance of the Dominican Republic's shared insularity and shared history with Haiti is stressed throughout the study, though a racially-constructed fault-line has arisen from this territorial and historical association. In general terms, social geographers would describe the Dominican population as mulato/a. Dominicans, however, describe race with a plethora of colour-coded terms, ranging from coffee, chocolate, cinnamon and wheat, to the adoption of lo indio, a device which avoids using mulato/a or negro/a. The term indio/a is a key component of Dominican racial perception. It translates as 'indian', a much-used reference to the island's indigenous inhabitants before the arrival of Columbus in 1492. Negritud is associated in popular Dominican opinion with the Haitian population. Dominicanidad, on the other hand, represents a celebration of whiteness, Hispanic heritage and Catholicism. The analysis of secondary material is contextualised throughout the thesis by the results of field work undertaken during twelve months of research in the Dominican Republic, consisting of two visits between 1994 and 1995. Semi-informal interviewing of three hundred residents in three study sites focused on the issues of anti-Haitian sentiment and the bias towards a light aesthetic in Dominican society. Two survey sites were urban neighbourhoods of lower and upper-middle class status in the capital city of Santo Domingo, and the other was an area of rural settlement named Zambrana. Interviews were structured around a mixed fixed and open response survey. The first chapter introduces the outline of research and the location of survey sites. Chapter two analyses the historical basis of race in the Dominican Republic, examined in the context of relations with Haiti. The development of Dominican society from the colonial period is outlined, and the influence of anti-Haitian sentiment and the use of indio/a as an ambiguous racial term discussed with reference to contemporary opinion. The third chapter opens up the analysis of social differentiation in the Dominican Republic by considering the role of class stratification and its implication for racial identification. The development of social classes is described and the impact of race and class studied in the three survey sites. The fourth chapter addresses the role of race in popular culture, with a specific focus on the household. Racial terminology is frequently used in combination with the presuppositions inherent in a patriarchal culture. Women's roles are reviewed with particular reference to household structure, occupation and the gendered nature of race under patriarchal norms. The domestic or private sphere is a key site for the expression of patriarchy, but it is also the location for the practice of Afro-syncretic religious beliefs, which themselves are racialised and gendered. Aspects of race in everyday lives, thus, are inherently gendered, domesticated and sanctified. Chapter five expands the analysis of race to include the influence of international migration on Dominican racial identification. The Dominican Republic is a transnational society which relies on migrant remittances and commerce, in particular from the migration of Dominicans to the United States. International migration has dramatically shaped Dominican society over the last three decades. The chapter considers the effect of this two-way flow of people, capital and culture on Dominican perceptions of race. Despite the influence of transnationalism on most aspects of Dominican society, the impact of United States' race relations on migrant and non-migrant racial identity has been limited. The last two substantive chapters focus upon the specific aspects of race and nation as revealed through contemporary Dominican literature and politics. The sixth chapter reviews the importance of negritud in contemporary literature, and argues that many modern writers maintain idealised and misleading perceptions of the racial reality. Chapter seven concentrates on the impact of race during the Dominican elections in 1994 and 1996. Overt racial prejudice marked the campaigns of leading political parties, and the alleged Haitian 'threat' to Dominican sovereignty became a dominant item on the election agenda. Finally, the concluding chapter outlines existing theories of race and ethnicity, analysing their applicability to the Dominican situation and suggesting alternative viewpoints in the light of the current research. It is suggested that the promotion of a popular democratic ideology of multiculturalism could provide the basis for effective anti-racist policy in the Dominican Republic.
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Hadjor, Kofi Buenor. "Race and the American nation : the role of racial politics in the shaping of modern America." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.673802.
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Garcia, Lindsay Dealy. "Pest-Humanism: Race, Nation, And Sexuality In The Non/Human Imaginary." W&M ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1593091868.
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The racist rhetoric that correlates certain humans with nonhumans has re-entered popular discourse in light of recent rat infestations in Baltimore and the immigration crisis. Scholars have long studied human relationships to nonhuman nature. Other scholars have brought to light the role of power in shaping identity. However, they have often failed to connect these histories without reinforcing dehumanization among marginalized communities. Feminist new materialists have looked at the enmeshment of humans within gendered nonhuman environments; posthumanists have shown that humans are made up of more-than-human assemblages; and queer theorists have emphasized the ways in which normative conceptions of the human fail to recognize the diversity of human expression. To contend with challenges facing non-normative people who are forced to endure harmful human-animal entanglements today, I use the figure of the pest to disassociate these racist discourses while also re-imagining how we see these much-hated animals. This dissertation examines human-pest relations as they play out materially, in actual infestations, rhetorically, across the political stage, and affectively, through paranoia. Using a visual studies methodology, I detangle the structural reasons for why infestations are more likely to persist among people with multiply marginal identities. Additionally, I look to art that resists such constructions. My project analyzes an assortment of varied archives from a 19th century rat nest to documentaries that feature the subculture of so-called bug chasing during the AIDS epidemic. Theoretically, this project juxtaposes feminist new materialist inquiry with Black, Latinx, and queer studies in order to study the work that objects can do to dismantle human-nonhuman value systems. "The Multi-Species Entanglements of Blackness: Infestations from the Coasts of West Africa to the American City" follows rat infestations from the slave ship to present-day poor, black neighborhoods in order to show how material infestation develops as a form of racism built into the structures of slavery and segregation. I highlight how these interspecies intimacies assisted in telling stories about enslaved life that would otherwise be lost to archival bias. "No Cockroaches at the U.S.-Mexico Border: Resisting Rhetoric in Queer Latinx Performance" reveals the ways in which human-pest comparison through immigration rhetoric has a long history stemming from early 20th century immigration reform and the rise of the eugenics movement. Even so, artists Xandra Ibarra and Carmelita Tropicana have used performing as a cockroach to surmount xenophobia. "Deviant Bed Bug Performances: Paranoia as Queer Affect," demonstrates how affect, specifically paranoia, can be queered through humorous bed bug-themed musicals to create equity among species. The last chapter, "A How-To Guide for Making Pest-humanist Art," looks to four living, female artists who use their work to develop alternative modes of responding to nonhuman life. Together, these chapters establish "pest-humanism," an analytic that critiques the structural histories of violence exposed by examining human-pest relationships and enables the development of social justice art which pays heed to the nonhuman in a responsible way.
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Yoshioka, Aiko. "Analysing representations of the comfort women issue : gender, race, nation and subjectivities /." Title page, table of contents and preface only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09army65.pdf.
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Smith, Anna Maria. "Otherness and identity : British New Right discourse on race, nation and sexuality." Thesis, University of Essex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303458.
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Zamora, Maria C. "Nation, race & history in Asian American literature re-membering the body." New York, NY Washington, DC Baltimore, Md. Bern Frankfurt, M. Berlin Brussels Vienna Oxford Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990413780/04.
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Jen, Clare Ching. "SARS discourse analysis technoscientific race-nation-gender formations in public health discourse /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8798.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.Thesis research directed by: Women's Studies Dept. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Dorlin, Elsa. "Au chevet de la Nation : sexe, race et médecine : XVIIe-XVIIe siècles." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040214.
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Pour les médecins du 17e s. , les femmes ont un tempérament froid et humide, imparfait et maladif. Hystérie, nymphomanie, ischurie. . . , cette étiologie sexuée constitue l'objet ambigu des nombreux traités des Maladies des femmes. Ce corpus est un champ d'investigation précieux pour analyser la façon dont les catégories du sain et du malsain se constituent comme catégories de pouvoir. Cette conception du corps des femmes comme un corps pathogène justifie une inégalité naturelle entre les sexes. Les naturalistes prennent modèle sur la domination de genre : les Indiens ou les Africains, sont perçus comme des populations au tempérament efféminé et faible. Le tempérament devient un instrument de naturalisation et de racialisation des rapports sociaux. Au 18e s. , le souci de la santé, la crainte du dépeuplement poussent les médecins à définir un concept de santé féminine pour promouvoir le modèle d'une femme saine et vigoureuse, mère des enfants d'une Nation forte. La mère devient le type féminin de la santé, opposé aux figures d'une féminité mutante ou " dégénérée ", la vaporeuse, la vivandière hommasse, la prostituée, l'esclave. La prise de contrôle de l'univers de la naissance par les autorités permet d'écarter les sages-femmes et les nourrices. Dans les colonies, cette nouvelle gestion de la reproduction est cruciale pour le système plantocratique. Les épouses transmettent par leur lait leur tempérament vigoureux à leurs enfants, quelques soient les influences du climat. Garantes de l'intégrité des caractères nationaux, de la supériorité des "blancs" sur les "noirs", elles deviennent ainsi un modèle et une arme pour la régénération de la Nation et l'unité du peuple françaisEarly modern medicine conceived female's temperament as cold and wet, imperfect and morbid. Women were ill all along their life, hysteria, nymphomania, pregnancies, labour, curse, prolapsus This gendered etiology has been the ambiguous subject of many treatises on Diseases of the women. This Corpus offers a valuable field of investigation to analyze the way in which the categories of healthy and unhealthy have been constituted as categories of power. This conception of the female body as a pathogenic body justified a natural inequality between the two sexes. Naturalists used the gender domination as a general pattern: Indians or slaves are perceived as having an effeminate and weak temperament. The temperament became a tool for naturalization and racialization of social relations. The concern with health and the fear of depopulation urged the physicians to define a concept of feminine health fit to promote the model of a healthy and vigorous woman, mother of the children of a strong Nation. The mother became the feminine type of health, opposed to the figures of a mutant or "degenerated" femininity, the hysteric, the sutler-woman, the "mannish woman", the prostitute or the african slave. The takeover of birth world allowed the authorities to discard midwives and nurses. In the colonies, this new management of reproduction was crucial for the plantocratic system: the wives transmit their vigorous temperament to theirs children along with their milk, despite of any climate influence. Their function was to guaranty the inthe integrity of national characters and the superiority of whites over blacks. They thus became a pattern and a weapon for the regeneration of the Nation
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Paul, John Michael 1975. ""God, Race and Nation": the Ideology of the Modern Ku Klux Klan." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277932/.
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This research explores the ideology of the modern Ku Klux Klan movement in American society. The foci of study is on specific Ku Klux Klan organizations that are active today. These groups include: The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan; The New Knights of the Ku Klux Klan; The New Order Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and The Knights of the White Kamellia. These groups are examined using frame analysis. Frame analysis allowed for the identification of the individual organization's beliefs, goals and desires. Data were gathered via systematic observations and document analysis. Findings identified several overarching ideological themes which classify the modern Ku Klux Klan movement.
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Stratton, David Clifton. "The Path of Good Citizenship: Race, Nation, and Empire in United States Education, 1882-1924." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/history_diss/23.
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The Path of Good Citizenship illuminates the role of public schools in attempts by white Americans to organize republican citizenship and labor along lines of race and ethnicity during a time of anxiety over immigration and the emergence of the U.S. as a global power. By considering U.S. schools as both national and imperial institutions, it presupposes that the formal education of children served as multilayered exchanges of power through which myriad actors constructed, debated, and contested parameters of citizenship and visions of belonging in the United States. Using the discursive narratives of American exceptionalism, scientific racialism, and patriotism, authors of school curricula imagined a uniform Americanness rooted in Anglo‐Saxon institutions and racial character. Schools not only became mechanisms of the U.S. imperial state in order to control belonging and access supposedly afforded by citizenship, but simultaneously created opportunities for foreigners and “foreigners within” to shape their own relationships with the nation.
Ideological attempts to construct a nation that excluded and included on the basis of race and foreignness had very real implications. Using comparative case studies of Atlanta’s African‐Americans, San Francisco’s Japanese, and New York’s European immigrants, this dissertation shows how policies of segregation, exclusion, and Americanization both complicated and sustained designs for a national body of citizens and workers. Schools trained many of these students for citizenship that included subordinate labor roles, limited social mobility, and marginalized national identity rooted in racial difference. These localized analysis reveal the contested power dynamics that involved challenges from immigrant and non‐white communities to a racial nationalism that often slotted them into subordinate economic and social categories. Taken together, curricula and policy reveal schools to be integral to the mutually sustaining projects of nation‐building and empire‐building.
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Stuart, Amy. "Moment of silence : constructions of race and nation in narratives of Canadian history." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98585.
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This project explores the racialized construction of the Canadian nation through the teaching of history and the discourse of multiculturalism, and investigates the ways in which young people experience and make sense of history, nation and race in the context of 'official' narratives of the nation. I begin by reviewing the literature of critical race theory, then use this theoretical framework as a lens through which to review the literature of qualitative studies of young people's historical meaning-making. Following a discussion of the methodological approach, I analyse the construction of race and nation through the discourse of Canadian history, as manifested in a variety of sites, including federal policy, curriculum frameworks, textbooks, and the Historica Foundation's Heritage Minutes. Finally, I present the results of a conversation with youth about their experiences with and views of race, nation and history.
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Scott-Childress, Reynolds J. "Cultural Reconstruction nation, race, and the invention of the American magazine, 1830-1915 /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/147.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2003.Thesis research directed by: History. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Werrlein, Debra T. "Infant nation childhood innocence and the politics of race in contemporary American fiction /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1546.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: English Language and Literature. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Forgash, Rebecca. "Military transnational marriage in Okinawa: Intimacy across boundaries of nation, race, and class." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280696.
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This dissertation is an ethnographic study of the lives of Okinawan women and American military men involved in long-term intimate relationships. The United States military has maintained a large-scale presence in Okinawa, Japan's southernmost prefecture, since the Second World War, and more than 50,000 military personnel, civilian employees, and family members are stationed there today. Within Japan, Okinawa Prefecture consistently has the highest rate of international marriage, but unlike in the country's northern urban centers, transnational sex and romance continue to be associated with the largely unwanted U.S. military presence. For their part, the individuals I interviewed eschewed such political symbolism, emphasizing instead the everyday successes and failures of living together and raising children, surviving in the military community, and building friendships and family relationships in off-base environments. Their stories speak volumes about on-the-ground relationships between Okinawans and U.S. servicemen, as well as processes of identity formation that blur the boundaries between on-base and off-base communities. On a conceptual level, the dissertation explores the military's impact on local processes of cultural production and reproduction. Specifically, it focuses on the transformation of popular ideas concerning intimacy and family, investigating (1) changing understandings of sexual morality, especially with reference to interracial relationships and broader conceptions of class difference; (2) the flexibility of ideas concerning family responsibilities and obligations, with particular attention to the ways in which American husbands and fathers are incorporated into actual families and communities; and (3) the influence of military institutional concerns on local families as Okinawan military wives are integrated into the global U.S. military community. I argue that military-related social transformations can be discerned within the most intimate situations involving self, sexuality, and family. Furthermore, changing understandings of intimacy and family have become integral to formulations of Okinawan identity and difference, particularly through the appropriation of military transnational couples and their children as symbols of Okinawa's continuing subjugation to both the U.S. military and the Japanese nation-state. The dissertation concludes with questions concerning the impact of the U.S. military, conceptualized as a transnational institutional complex, on similar aspects of cultural production in host communities worldwide.
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Copsey, Dickon. "Race, gender and nation : the cultural construction of identity within 1990s German cinema." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1927/.
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This study offers a cultural studies reading of race, gender and nation as represented in three thematic sub-genres of contemporary German film production. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that each of these thematic sub-genres offers a unique insight into the cultural construction of a distinct, yet problematic and porous umbrella identity enjoying a particular cultural currency in post-Wall Germany. It should be noted that, in this respect, this study represents a move away from these traditional diachronic analyses of German film, which attempt a snapshot of an entire history filmic production, towards a more clearly delineated, synchronic analysis of a single contemporary moment – namely, the 1990s. The first of these thematic sub-genres concerns the ambiguous romantic narratives of the sexually autonomous yet avowedly post-feminist New German Comedy women. As a significant sub-genre of the popular New German Comedy film of the early 1990s, these films embody a clear structural reliance on the narrative norms of a classic, mainstream cinema. In contrast, the cinematic representations East(ern) Germany, past and present, incorporate a myriad of generic forms and registers in their explorations of the meaning of reunification for eastern German populations, from up-beat comic road movies to psycho-allegorical tales of internal disquiet. The third area of this study concerns itself with the representation of Turkish-German populations in 1990s German cinema. As eclectic as the cinematic representations of the East, the work of these Turkish-German filmmakers appears to offer a troubling cinematic trajectory from abused and exploited first generation Gastarbeiter to self-assured and recalcitrant street-tough Kanaksta.
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Kanneh, Kadiatu Gwyneth. "African identities : race, nation and culture in ethnography, Pan-Africanism and black literatures." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260627.
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Ross, Chad. "Building a better body : nudism, society, race and the German Nation, 1890-1950 /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091964.
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Parkin, Diana Jane. "Contested sources of identity : nation class and gender in Second World War Britain." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360554.
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Gupta, Sharmishtha. "What it Means to be Singaporean: Nation-Building, National Identity and Ethnicity in Twentieth Century Singapore." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/450.
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This thesis is an anthropological and historical exploration of Singapore's emergence as a nation state and determines what it means to have a Singaporean national identity today. As a relatively new country, Singapore and its government has worked to carefully construct its national identity in the past fifty years after independence from the British in 1965. This thesis will show Singapore as a distinctive entity in the study of nationalism and nation building, especially in comparison to the decolonization efforts of other countries in the region and throughout the world in the twentieth century. It is a carefully constructed nation state, and its distinctiveness lies in the authoritarian government's neo-colonial policies, its economic success due to its capitalist system, semi-democratic political environment, and its multiethnic population.
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Chan, Shelly. "The overseas Chinese (huaqiao) project : Nation, culture, and race in modern China, 1890-1966 /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2009. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Johansson, Lina. "A stunning portrait of diversity? : Gender, race, and nation in Miss Universe Japan 2015." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Genusvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-158561.
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The aim of this thesis is to study how gender, race, and nation are represented in Miss Universe Japan 2015. I investigate how the top five participants are represented in relation to Japanese ideal femininity and what these representations contribute to. Furthermore, I examine how global ideals have impacted the outcome of the pageant. The material consists of recordings of the Miss Universe Japan 2015 pageant, which is available on YouTube. The material is analyzed using a context focused textual analysis. Stuart Hall’s theories of representation are used to understand how representations work. Judith Butler’s theory of performative gender and Floya Anthias’ and Nira Yuval-Davies’ theories of how gender relates to nation are used to understand how the construction of the nation intersects with the construction of gender. Michael Billig’s theory of banal nationalism is used to illustrate that beauty pageants are nationalistic practices. Lastly, theories of whiteness, both in the West and Japan, are applied to understand how race and national values interact. The top five participants in Miss Universe Japan 2015 are analyzed one by one and their representations are contrasted to the ideals of the Japanese woman. Moreover, the impact of global ideals on the pageant is discussed. I find that the representation of the top five participants both reproduces and challenges the ideal femininity in Japan, thus widening the limits for the Japanese womanhood. On the other hand, these challenges, and also the reproductions, largely follow global ideals, which leads to an essentialization of global beauty.
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Pelak, Cynthia Fabrizio. "Nation building in post-apartheid South Africa : Transforming gender and race relations through sports /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1235237654.
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Yuk, Joowon. "Talking culture, silencing 'race', enriching the nation : the politics of multiculturalism in South Korea." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/63935/.
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In South Korea, believed to be one of the most racially and culturally homogeneous nation-states, ‘multiculturalism’ has emerged, since the mid-2000s, as a discursive space within which migrant incorporation and racial/cultural diversity are discussed. Despite the proliferation of multicultural discourses and policy developments, issues of racism have not come to the fore in Korea, not only in the practices of policymaking but also in scholarly work. This thesis problematises this absence and interrogates the contingent configuration of contemporary multiculturalism and racialised nationalism. To achieve this, it starts out by questioning the entrenched idea of Korea’s ‘racial irrelevance’ and the persistent decoupling of nationalism and racism. The thesis employs open-ended, semi-structured in-depth interviews as its key method. A total of forty-five interviews were conducted with various social actors, who actively respond to the multiculturalisation of Korean society, in their role as migrant rights activists, government agencies, media personnel, (far-right) anti-multiculturalists, and migrants. By drawing on the analysis of these interviews and other complementary sources (historical documents, white papers, media reports, and anti-multiculturalists’ online communities), the thesis particularly focuses on the following three aspects of the Korean application of multiculturalism. Firstly, how multiculturalism works as a euphemism for race – emblematic in the employment of the term ‘multicultural’ as a pseudo-racial category – and how this euphemistic development works reciprocally with the disavowal of racism. Secondly, it reflects on how ‘culture’, in this tendency of multicultural politics, is utilised in constructing differences, constituting the dynamics of in/exclusion, and accumulating individual and national capital. Lastly, the thesis demonstrates the fragility and contradictions of celebratory multicultural discourses, imbricated with neoliberal subjectivity and strongly inflected by a social Darwinist ethos. In conceptualising multiculturalism as the politics of hush in South Korea, this project not only carves out a new research space for the critical analysis of ‘race’ and racism in Korean academia but also contributes to expanding our understanding of the politics of multiculturalism particularly in relation to the global discourse of ‘post-racial’ society.
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Solic, Margaret. "A Nation Against Itself: Domestic Violence, Feminism, and the State." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437729890.
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Edwards, Erika D. "Negotiating Identities, Striving for State Recongition: Blacks in Cordoba, Argentina 1776-1853." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/457.
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Race in Argentina played a significant role as a highly durable construct by identifying and advancing subjects (1776-1810) and citizens (1811-1853). My dissertation explores the intricacies of power relations by focusing on the ways in which race informed the legal process during the transition from a colonial to national State. It argues that the State’s development in both the colonial and national periods depended upon defining and classifying African descendants. In response, people of African descendent used the State’s assigned definitions and classifications to advance their legal identities. It employs race and culture as operative concepts, and law as a representation of the sometimes, tense relationship between social practices and the State’s concern for social peace.
This dissertation examines the dynamic nature of the court. It utilizes the theoretical concepts multicentric legal orders that are analyzed through weak and strong legal pluralisms, and jurisdictional politics, from the late eighteenth to early nineteenth centuries. This dissertation juxtaposes various levels of jurisdiction (canon/state law and colonial/national law) to illuminate how people of color used the legal system to ameliorate their social condition. In each chapter the primary source materials are state generated documents which include criminal, ecclesiastical, civil, and marriage dissent court cases along with notarial and census records. Though it would appear that these documents would provide a superficial understanding of people of color, my analysis provides both a top-down and bottom-up approach that reflects a continuous negotiation for African descendants’ goal for State recognition. These approaches allow for implicit or explicit negotiation of a legal identity that transformed slaves and free African descendants into active agents of their own destinies.
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Diallo, MIN. "The Illusion of the Rainbow Nation: The Unconstitutionality of Racial Classification?" University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7640.
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Magister Legum - LLMIn societies emerging from segregation or division based on the biological factors of race and/ or colour, the centrality (or lack thereof) of race and colour within those legal systems plays a critical role in the progression and transformation of such societies. South Africa is one such society where race was the dividing criterion which saw the population ‘be[ing] turned into races through social practices [during] apartheid….’1 The post-amble to South Africa’s Interim Constitution2 states that the document was to form a: [H]istoric bridge between the past of a deeply divided society…and a future founded on the recognition of human rights, democracy and peaceful co-existence and development opportunities for all South Africans, irrespective of colour [and] race…. Le Roux asserts that the late Didcott J in Azapo v The President of the Republic ofSouth Africa3 believed that the metaphor of this bridge ‘implied an absolute break between the old and the new’, a transformation that was meant to be achieved by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC).4 Established by section 2 of the Promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act5 (PNURA) the TRC was mandated with ‘promot[ing] national unity and reconciliation…which transcends the conflicts and divisions of the past ….’6 This, as it was envisioned, would facilitate the transition that the Republic was making [from parliamentary sovereignty] into ‘democratic constitutionalism’.7 However, the failing of the TRC in achieving this has not only been seen in scholarly articles to that effect, but also within the argument that the ‘new’ constitutional dispensation is nothing more than the continuation of the previous regime masked only with a different face.8 The retention of racial classification gives prima facie credence to this belief. Adopted into the legal system through the Populations Registration Act of 1950 (PRA), racial classification would thenceforth play a decisive role in the lived experiences of ordinary South Africans.9 The PRA would ‘establish race as a domain of knowledge independent of any particular training or expertise, based on the ordinary experience of racial difference, which ranked whiteness as its apex.’10 This lack of knowledge associated with racially classifying people has resulted in what has been coined the ‘common sense’ approach.11 This approach deems it common sense that one can automatically classify what race another belongs to without having any pre-existing knowledge on how to classify or what the blood lineage of the person being classified was. Initially the categories comprised of ‘White’, ‘Native’ and ‘Coloured’ (with Indians being deemed a subset of the latter)12 however, with the passage of time the categories now reflect as ‘White’, ‘Black’ (or ‘African’), and ‘Coloured’, with ‘Indian’ now being a separate category.13 There has also been the inclusion of the category of ‘Other’14 with ‘Asian’ making intermittent appearances. With the advent of the new constitutional dispensation which focused on achieving national unity and the reconstruction of society,15
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Mokoena, Thato Reitumetse. "Black peoples' experiences of the 'rainbow nation' and reconciliation in post-apartheid South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/72173.
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After the abolition of apartheid, a process of healing and reconciliation was initiated in order for South Africa to move forward, grow and prosper. However, 25 years into democracy there is seemingly a lack of resolution. Instances of overt and covert racism, as well as anger and frustration have emerged increasingly, and repeatedly, as reflected in on-going recent events such as violent service delivery protests as well as the emergence of movements such as Fees Must Fall. Therefore, there is value in investigating the lived experiences of South Africans at this time in an attempt to understand the apparent discontent which calls into question the national narrative of reconciliation. The overall aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of black South Africans with regards to the constructs of the ‘rainbow nation’ and ‘reconciliation’ following two-and-a-half decades of democratic rule. Situated within a phenomenological framework, the research process included in-depth interviews with black South Africans ages 40 and over. The focus on black participants was an attempt to fill the gap that is left by the dominance of content related to reconciliation focusing on the prejudice reduction of white people, prioritising white phenomena in the literature and otherwise. Data analysis was conducted through thematic analysis which allowed a number of themes to emerge. Themes included: loss; burden of blackness on identity and purpose; the problem of white privilege, lack of willingness to change and racism. Moreover, themes of theory versus reality and mistrust were also significant among the findings. From the themes that emerged it can be concluded that the black experience of the reality of living in South Africa is incongruent with the constructs of the ‘rainbow nation’ and ‘reconciliation’ that dominate the narrative of a democratic South Africa. The reality of post-apartheid South Africa is an unequal and divided country that requires more work, compromise and discomfort to attain the rainbow nation as it is envisioned. Hence, for these participants these constructs are more aspirational than reality-based.Mini Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Psychology
MA
Unrestricted
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Ahokas, Marianne. ""As distinct as nature has formed them" : race, class, and nation in the early Republic /." Diss., ON-CAMPUS Access For University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Click on "Connect to Digital Dissertations", 2002. http://www.lib.umn.edu/articles/proquest.phtml.
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Lang, Anouk Elise. "Radical paradigms : reading nation, race and gender in Canadian and Australian modernist poetry, 1925-1985." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613739.
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Whissel, Kristen Mary. "Space, nation, race : the visual and narrative politics of the silent American cinema's transitional phase /." View online version; access limited to Brown University users, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9932501.
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Otovo, Okezi T. "To form a strong and populous nation race, motherhood, and the state in republican Brazil /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (ProQuest) Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/453941450/viewonline.
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Matos, Yalidy M. "Race, Space, and Nation: The Moral Geography of White Public Opinion on Restrictive Immigration Policy." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1436469355.
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Peer, Sian Elesabeth. "Gendered constructions of the nation : race, sex and class in 'white mothers' accounts of belonging." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2014. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13934/.
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This thesis offers a detailed exploration of what it means to be living as a white mother of a ’mixed race’ child in England during the period 1930-2010. Using primary data, I piece together a story about a nation and the women who are seen to move beyond its boundaries through sexually and racially transgressive acts. I select seven official documents for analysis from public archives spanning the 1930-1950s and position these as representative of an official response to boundary incursion. Using those materials, I demonstrate the reassertion of state authority, as rules and social practices including social distancing and marginalization to secure boundaries. I examine how particular tropes of gender, sexuality, class and ethnicity, provided a rich harvest for discursive constructions of white mothering as degraded whiteness and/or Englishness. I then re-examine ‘crossings’ as gendered dimensions of movement in relation to a collective with implications for becoming, belonging and non belonging. This allows me reframe meanings and experiences of white mothering as the impact of border interaction. The research design was influenced by feminisms, an overarching body of work that adopts a gendered gaze whilst rendering different social divisions and sources of power visible. Using that framework, I examine the presence and participation of white mothers as construction sites and agents of construction in the making and marking of national boundaries (Anthias & Yuval Davies 1992). I use this logic to reason that white mothers remain anchored within the collective through legitimate and authentic means. White mothers continue to symbolise and signify national boundaries, but there is disagreement as to what those boundaries constitute and where they should be located. Indeed, using the narratives of thirty white British women, I catalogue the complex web of tender ties that sustain belongings. In intimate spaces, borders have not necessarily been crossed and boundaries have not necessarily collapsed but are conjoined in ways that have not been explored. My contribution to research in this field is to demonstrate how white mothering embodies elements of change and continuity that stretch and pull the nation’s boundaries in unexplored ways. I examine these ideas as intersecting social dimensions to reveal new identity possibilities and secure belongings. Likewise, I claim a particular vantage point for white mothers where location and perspective are shaped by their ability to straddle both positions, as well as occupy construction sites where distance has collapsed.
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Giovannetti, Jorge L. "Black British subjects in Cuba : race, ethnicity, nation, and identity in the migratory experience, 1898-1938." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589412.
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This thesis examines the history of black British Caribbean migrants in Cuba during the early twentieth century. It centres on their experience of social and racial discrimination within Cuban society, and how this was influenced by the historical legacy of black fear in Cuba and the social, political, and economic changes the country experienced from 1898 to 1938 (i.e., foreign intervention, social and political revolts, and economic depressions). The racial, ethnic, and identity dynamics in the interaction between the migrants, Cuban society, and the consular representatives are examined in detail. The study avoids the generalisations that are prevalent in the historiography, and contributes with new insights into the history of this migration through its emphasis on different migration patterns, the experiences of the various islanders, and the complex identity politics and social practices of resistance, adjustment, and accommodation in which the migrants were involved The thesis looks at the triangular relation between the black British Antilleans, Cuban society, and the representatives of the British Empire at various levels, and reveals the otherwise unacknowledged agency of the migrants in gaining consular support. The complex debates on race, ethnicity, identity, and nation arising from this case study are of prime relevance not only for the understanding of migration processes in Caribbean societies, but also for the study of nation formation in Cuban society and British colonial and imperial history, At the same time, these debates are connected to wider issues concerning the relationship between race and nation, and racism and migration in the Caribbean past and present. The study is of an interdisciplinary nature and combines archival and documentary research with interviews, ethnographic data, and anthropological and sociological literature.
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Murphy, Oliver Michael. "Race, violence, and nation : African nationalism and popular politics in South Africa's Eastern Cape, 1948-1970." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711668.
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Martin, MaryAnn Elizabeth. "Immigrant family, national borders: mainstream and diasporic news media, audiences, and the Oklahoma Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/706.
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This study examined the role mass media play in animating the relationship between globalization and the nation-state. This study interrogated this relationship using a multi-method approach that analyzed news coverage, the general "media climate" in Oklahoma, and audience responses to the media climate regarding the Oklahoma Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act, a comprehensive immigration reform bill passed into law in 2007.
The key goals of this study were to examine the ways in which news media in Oklahoma cover the issue of immigration, particularly as it relates to the Oklahoma Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act, in order to garner a deeper understanding of the ways in which the mass media participate in global processes while cementing the national imagined community. Moreover, by examining audience interpretations of news coverage from mainstream and diasporic news outlets regarding this legislation, this study provided insight into the ways messages about the immigrant family and its contingent gender roles circulate and incorporate into day-to-day culture and how, in turn, these cultural meanings are put into the service of the nation-state.
This study used a multi-method approach comprising of a textual analysis of the bill itself and news coverage of the two largest English-language newspapers in the state. I also analyzed the text of a Spanish-language paper based in Tulsa and conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with various state legislators, journalists, community members, and staff members at and clients of the Latino Community Development Agency in Oklahoma City.
In my analysis of the text of the Oklahoma Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act, or, as it is commonly referred to, HB 1804, I argue that the bill established the ideological parameters of the immigration reform debate in the state. The text of the bill also reifies the nation-state, produces a subaltern immigrant community without recourse to the legal system, and provides a template of the ideal U.S. citizen through its representation of the deviant immigrant. My textual analysis of the two largest English-language newspapers in Oklahoma posits that these news discourses criminalize the immigrant, and gender, racialize, and class the immigrant worker, family unit, and its contingent members. As a result, the news coverage can be seen to highlight the ways in which 1804 is an attempt at resistance to global intrusions in Oklahoma and to offer assurance to the citizen community that cultural turmoil will be calmed. The figures of the bill's main author and the Catholic Church also symbolize the tension between the nation-state and the global in these news discourses. Finally, I argue that the Spanish-language media and the LCDA serve to unify the Latino community in Oklahoma in the context of immigration reform discourses, regardless of legal status, providing cultural sustenance and support when 1804 would deny this to the immigrant community.
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Machona, Gerald Ralph Tawanda. "Imagine/nation : mediating 'xenophobia' through visual and performance art." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011106.
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This half-thesis has developed as a supporting document to an exhibition titled Vabvakure, people from far away, which responds to the growing trends of violence perpetrated against African foreign nationals living in South Africa. This violence which has generally been termed as 'xenophobia' has been framed within this discourse as 'afrophobia', as it is fraught with complexities of race, ethnicity and class. Evidently, not all foreign nationals are at risk but selective targeting of working class black African foreign nationals seems to be the modus operandi. Fanning these flames of prejudice are stereotypes and negative perceptions of Africa and African immigrants that have permeated into the national consciousness of South Africa, which the mainstream media has been complicit in cultivating. My practice is concerned with challenging this politic of representation in relation to the image of the African foreign national within South African society, who have been presented negatively and labelled as the 'Makwerekwere', the 'bogeymen' that have been blamed for the country’s current woes. In response to this, my research adopts the premise that forms of cultural mediation such as visual and performance art can offer further insights and possibly yield solutions that can be used to address these sentiments. As globalisation and neoliberal ideologies reshape the world, there is a growing need in the post-colonial state to revisit and re-construct notions of individual and collective identity, especially that of the nation. Nations, nationalisms and citizenry can no longer be defined solely through indigeneity, for as a result of radical shifts in the flow of migration and immigration policies that allow for naturalisation of aliens and foreign nationals, we are now faced with burgeoning levels of social diversity to the extent that constructions of nationhood that are based on the concept of autochthony have resulted in the persecution of the ‘other’.
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Curtis, Jesse. "Awakening the Nation: Mississippi Senator John C. Stennis, the White Countermovement, and the Rise of Colorblind Conservatism, 1947-1964." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1396962537.
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Bidnall, Amanda M. ""The Birth pangs of a new nation": West Indian artists in London, 1945-1965." Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104400.
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Thesis advisor: Peter WeilerThis dissertation examines the careers and cultural productions of West Indian artists and entertainers working in London between 1945 and 1965, a period of large-scale West Indian migration to Britain. It argues that these artists espoused a collective cultural politics that was both ethnically aware and actively integrationist. Their work emphasized the historic cultural ties between the "mother country" and the Caribbean colonies, but did so in an effort to challenge prevailing media depictions of New Commonwealth migration as an unwanted foreign deluge. As a result, these migrant artists were among the first to express the potential of Commonwealth multiculturalism in Britain. Unlike many post-war histories of British race relations that emphasize the marginalization of black artists from mainstream culture, this study will show how the first wave of post-war West Indian artists, like Edric and Pearl Connor, Cy Grant, Ronald Moody, and Lloyd and Barry Reckord, sought to reach out to a wider British audience. Although their careers and artistic expressions were shaped - and at times stifled - by British cultural institutions that exercised their own assumptions and priorities, they posed alternatives to racism in a nation painfully coming to terms with its imperial legacy and multicultural future
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History
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MacLeod, Alexander. "Race and nation in 21st century Malaysia : the production of racialised electoral politics in the Malaysian media." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3540.
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This thesis explores the development of ethnoreligious narratives in the Malaysian media. It shows how, despite rapid structural changes in the twenty-first century, including the arrival of new media, the growth of a nascent civil society movement and the shift towards a two-party electoral system, the government, opposition and media continue to construct and reconstruct essentialist ethnoreligious narratives around and through political discourses and events. This process will be demonstrated through a media analysis of the three most recent general elections (2004, 2008 and 2013). Samples are taken from pro-government newspaper Utusan Malaysia and pro-opposition website Malaysiakini. While the former was founded in 1939, the latter was central to the growth of Malaysia’s new media landscape and can reveal how these forms of identity have operated in the new information age. The thesis will draw upon Fairclough’s model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), an in-depth methodological approach covering textual, discursive and social practices in order to analyse the form and function of journalists’ language and the ways in which it constructs ethnoreligious identities. It will be shown that Malaysia’s general elections provide a crucible through which Malaysian identity is reconfigured and reshaped; a site where journalists and other writers creatively rework racial and national ideas. But it will also bring to light the fragmentation that underlies the application of these ethnoreligious narratives; a process that has resulted in the reproduction of divisive political discourses.
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Foote, Nicola Claire. "Race, nation, and gender in Ecuador : a comparative study of Black and indigenous populations, c.1895-1944." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445721/.
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This thesis presents an analysis of the relationship between race, gender, and nation in early twentieth century Ecuador. Specifically, it seeks to explore the racialisation of state structures under the Liberal project developed and advanced in the half-century following the 1895 Liberal Revolution, and the role of racial ideas in the more inclusionary vision of the nation that begin to be articulated in this period. By taking as its central focus the experiences, activities and ideologies of black and indigenous populations who were the * subjects' of this "re-imagining", it aims to create a political history from below, which will uncover the hidden histories of groups who have been marginalised within narratives of state and nation, and as such advance a fuller understanding of the nation-building process. By considering black and indigenous groups within an explicitly comparative framework, it aims to advance a more nuanced understanding of the way ideas about race affected the development of national identity, the operation of state and national institutions, and the positioning of subaltern groups in relation to the nation. The thesis argues for the re-centring of the state as a key locus of nation-building and the process of racialisation. As such, the formation of state policy as a site of contestation and negotiation is taken as the primary focus. The thesis outlines the relationship between race, gender and nation-building in the formation of the Ecuadorian state, before shifting the focus to liberalism and exploring the nature of Liberal ideology as related to race, seen through the lens of negotiations over the extension of citizenship. It then undertakes case studies of three key dimensions of state discourse: the integration of national territory and resources social policy - specifically education and health and sanitation and the politics of land. A consideration of black and indigenous responses is integrated into each of the case studies, while a final chapter looks at the issues of liberalism and nationalism more directly from below, exploring how black and indigenous involvement in rural guerrilla movements and uprisings reflected their own conceptions of their role in the nation and their understandings of the meaning of citizenship.