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Academic literature on the topic 'R275W'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "R275W"

1

Wang, C., R. Lu, X. Ouyang, M. W. L. Ho, W. Chia, F. Yu, and K. L. Lim. "Drosophila Overexpressing Parkin R275W Mutant Exhibits Dopaminergic Neuron Degeneration and Mitochondrial Abnormalities." Journal of Neuroscience 27, no. 32 (August 8, 2007): 8563–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.0218-07.2007.

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Carr, Jonathan, Ilaria Guella, Chelsea Szu-Tu, Sihaam Boolay, Brigitte Glanzmann, Matthew J. Farrer, and Soraya Bardien. "Double homozygous mutations (R275W and M432V) in the ParkinGene associated with late-onset Parkinson's disease." Movement Disorders 31, no. 3 (February 10, 2016): 423–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.26524.

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Ruffmann, Claudio, Michela Zini, Stefano Goldwurm, Manuela Bramerio, Sonia Spinello, Damiana Rusconi, Marcello Gambacorta, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Gianni Pezzoli, and Giorgio Giaccone. "Lewy body pathology and typical Parkinson disease in a patient with a heterozygous (R275W) mutation in the Parkin gene (PARK2)." Acta Neuropathologica 123, no. 6 (May 4, 2012): 901–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00401-012-0991-7.

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Novak, Gabriela, Steven Finkbeiner, Gaia Skibinski, Michela Bernini, Cristina Donato, and Alexander Skupin. "Generation of two human induced pluripotent stem cell lines from fibroblasts of Parkinson’s disease patients carrying the ILE368ASN mutation in PINK1 (LCSBi002) and the R275W mutation in Parkin (LCSBI004)." Stem Cell Research 61 (May 2022): 102765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scr.2022.102765.

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Jennings, Juliet E., Marianthi Georgitsi, Ian Holdaway, Adrian F. Daly, Maria Tichomirowa, Albert Beckers, Lauri A. Aaltonen, Auli Karhu, and Fergus J. Cameron. "Aggressive pituitary adenomas occurring in young patients in a large Polynesian kindred with a germline R271W mutation in the AIP gene." European Journal of Endocrinology 161, no. 5 (November 2009): 799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-09-0406.

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ObjectiveMutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) were recently shown to confer a pituitary adenoma predisposition in patients with familial isolated pituitary adenomas (FIPA). We report a large Samoan FIPA kindred from Australia/New Zealand with an R271W mutation that was associated with aggressive pituitary tumors.Design and methodsCase series with germline screening of AIP and haplotype analyses among R271W families.ResultsThis previously unreported kindred consisted of three affected individuals that either presented with or had first symptoms of a pituitary macroadenoma in late childhood or adolescence. The index case, a 15-year-old male with incipient gigantism and his maternal aunt, had somatotropinomas, and the maternal uncle of the index case had a prolactinoma. All tumors were large (15, 40, and 60 mm maximum diameter) and two required transcranial surgery and radiotherapy. All three affected subjects and ten other unaffected relatives were found to be positive for a germline R271W AIP mutation. Comparison of the single nucleotide polymorphism patterns among this family and two previously reported European FIPA families with the same R271W mutation demonstrated no common ancestry.ConclusionsThis kindred exemplifies the aggressive features of pituitary adenomas associated with AIP mutations, while genetic analyses among three R271W FIPA families indicate that R271W represents a mutational hotspot that should be studied further in functional studies.
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6

Allen, Simon, Adel M. Abuzenadah, Joanna Hinks, Joanna L. Blagg, Turkiz Gursel, Jørgen Ingerslev, Anne C. Goodeve, Ian R. Peake, and Martina E. Daly. "A novel von Willebrand disease–causing mutation (Arg273Trp) in the von Willebrand factor propeptide that results in defective multimerization and secretion." Blood 96, no. 2 (July 15, 2000): 560–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.2.560.

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Abstract In this report we describe the molecular defect underlying partial and severe quantitative von Willebrand factor (VWF) deficiencies in 3 families previously diagnosed with types 1 and 3 Von Willebrand-disease. Analysis of the VWF gene in affected family members revealed a novel C to T transition at nucleotide 1067 of the VWF complemetary DNA (cDNA), predicting substitution of arginine by tryptophan at amino acid position 273 (R273W) of pre–pro-VWF. Two patients, homozygous for the R273W mutation, had a partial VWF deficiency (VWF:Ag levels of 0.06 IU/mL and 0.09 IU/mL) and lacked high-molecular weight VWF multimers in plasma. A third patient, also homozygous for the R273W mutation, had a severe VWF deficiency (VWF:Ag level of less than 0.01 IU/mL) and undetectable VWF multimers in plasma. Recombinant VWF having the R273W mutation was expressed in COS-7 cells. Pulse-chase experiments showed that secretion of rVWFR273W was severely impaired compared with wild-type rVWF. However, the mutation did not affect the ability of VWF to form dimers in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Multimer analysis showed that rVWFR273W failed to form high-molecular-weight multimers present in wild-type rVWF. We concluded that the R273W mutation is responsible for the quantitative VWF deficiencies and aberrant multimer patterns observed in the affected family members. To identify factors that may function in the intracellular retention of rVWFR273W, we investigated the interactions of VWF expressed in COS-7 cells with molecular chaperones of the ER. The R273W mutation did not affect the ability of VWF to bind to BiP, Grp94, ERp72, calnexin, and calreticulin in COS-7 cells.
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Allen, Simon, Adel M. Abuzenadah, Joanna Hinks, Joanna L. Blagg, Turkiz Gursel, Jørgen Ingerslev, Anne C. Goodeve, Ian R. Peake, and Martina E. Daly. "A novel von Willebrand disease–causing mutation (Arg273Trp) in the von Willebrand factor propeptide that results in defective multimerization and secretion." Blood 96, no. 2 (July 15, 2000): 560–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.2.560.014k01_560_568.

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In this report we describe the molecular defect underlying partial and severe quantitative von Willebrand factor (VWF) deficiencies in 3 families previously diagnosed with types 1 and 3 Von Willebrand-disease. Analysis of the VWF gene in affected family members revealed a novel C to T transition at nucleotide 1067 of the VWF complemetary DNA (cDNA), predicting substitution of arginine by tryptophan at amino acid position 273 (R273W) of pre–pro-VWF. Two patients, homozygous for the R273W mutation, had a partial VWF deficiency (VWF:Ag levels of 0.06 IU/mL and 0.09 IU/mL) and lacked high-molecular weight VWF multimers in plasma. A third patient, also homozygous for the R273W mutation, had a severe VWF deficiency (VWF:Ag level of less than 0.01 IU/mL) and undetectable VWF multimers in plasma. Recombinant VWF having the R273W mutation was expressed in COS-7 cells. Pulse-chase experiments showed that secretion of rVWFR273W was severely impaired compared with wild-type rVWF. However, the mutation did not affect the ability of VWF to form dimers in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Multimer analysis showed that rVWFR273W failed to form high-molecular-weight multimers present in wild-type rVWF. We concluded that the R273W mutation is responsible for the quantitative VWF deficiencies and aberrant multimer patterns observed in the affected family members. To identify factors that may function in the intracellular retention of rVWFR273W, we investigated the interactions of VWF expressed in COS-7 cells with molecular chaperones of the ER. The R273W mutation did not affect the ability of VWF to bind to BiP, Grp94, ERp72, calnexin, and calreticulin in COS-7 cells.
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8

Tan, Manuela M. X., Naveed Malek, Michael A. Lawton, Leon Hubbard, Alan M. Pittman, Theresita Joseph, Jason Hehir, et al. "Genetic analysis of Mendelian mutations in a large UK population-based Parkinson’s disease study." Brain 142, no. 9 (July 19, 2019): 2828–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awz191.

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AbstractOur objective was to define the prevalence and clinical features of genetic Parkinson’s disease in a large UK population-based cohort, the largest multicentre prospective clinico-genetic incident study in the world. We collected demographic data, Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale scores, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores. We analysed mutations in PRKN (parkin), PINK1, LRRK2 and SNCA in relation to age at symptom onset, family history and clinical features. Of the 2262 participants recruited to the Tracking Parkinson’s study, 424 had young-onset Parkinson’s disease (age at onset ≤ 50) and 1799 had late onset Parkinson’s disease. A range of methods were used to genotype 2005 patients: 302 young-onset patients were fully genotyped with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and either Sanger and/or exome sequencing; and 1701 late-onset patients were genotyped with the LRRK2 ‘Kompetitive’ allele-specific polymerase chain reaction assay and/or exome sequencing (two patients had missing age at onset). We identified 29 (1.4%) patients carrying pathogenic mutations. Eighteen patients carried the G2019S or R1441C mutations in LRRK2, and one patient carried a heterozygous duplication in SNCA. In PRKN, we identified patients carrying deletions of exons 1, 4 and 5, and P113Xfs, R275W, G430D and R33X. In PINK1, two patients carried deletions in exon 1 and 5, and the W90Xfs point mutation. Eighteen per cent of patients with age at onset ≤30 and 7.4% of patients from large dominant families carried pathogenic Mendelian gene mutations. Of all young-onset patients, 10 (3.3%) carried biallelic mutations in PRKN or PINK1. Across the whole cohort, 18 patients (0.9%) carried pathogenic LRRK2 mutations and one (0.05%) carried an SNCA duplication. There is a significant burden of LRRK2 G2019S in patients with both apparently sporadic and familial disease. In young-onset patients, dominant and recessive mutations were equally common. There were no differences in clinical features between LRRK2 carriers and non-carriers. However, we did find that PRKN and PINK1 mutation carriers have distinctive clinical features compared to young-onset non-carriers, with more postural symptoms at diagnosis and less cognitive impairment, after adjusting for age and disease duration. This supports the idea that there is a distinct clinical profile of PRKN and PINK1-related Parkinson’s disease. We estimate that there are approaching 1000 patients with a known genetic aetiology in the UK Parkinson’s disease population. A small but significant number of patients carry causal variants in LRRK2, SNCA, PRKN and PINK1 that could potentially be targeted by new therapies, such as LRRK2 inhibitors.
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Moreau, Adrien, Pascal Gosselin-Badaroudine, Lucie Delemotte, Michael L. Klein, and Mohamed Chahine. "Gating pore currents are defects in common with two Nav1.5 mutations in patients with mixed arrhythmias and dilated cardiomyopathy." Journal of General Physiology 145, no. 2 (January 26, 2015): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201411304.

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The gating pore current, also called omega current, consists of a cation leak through the typically nonconductive voltage-sensor domain (VSD) of voltage-gated ion channels. Although the study of gating pore currents has refined our knowledge of the structure and the function of voltage-gated ion channels, their implication in cardiac disorders has not been established. Two Nav1.5 mutations (R222Q and R225W) located in the VSD are associated with atypical clinical phenotypes involving complex arrhythmias and dilated cardiomyopathy. Using the patch-clamp technique, in silico mutagenesis, and molecular dynamic simulations, we tested the hypothesis that these two mutations may generate gating pore currents, potentially accounting for their clinical phenotypes. Our findings suggest that the gating pore current generated by the R222Q and R225W mutations could constitute the underlying pathological mechanism that links Nav1.5 VSD mutations with human cardiac arrhythmias and dilatation of cardiac chambers.
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Andolfo, Immacolata, Roberta Russo, Francesco Manna, Marica Lisa Salve, Alok K. Sharma, Seth L. Alper, Lucia De Franceschi, and Achille Iolascon. "Detection of Familial Pseudohyperkalemia Among Italian Blood Donors By Genetic Screening for the R276W Mutation in ABCB6." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 2132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2132.2132.

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Abstract Introduction Isolated Familial Pseudohyperkalemia (FP) is a dominant red cell trait characterized by cold-induced slow 'passive leak' of red cell K+ into plasma, first described in a large Scottish family from Edinburgh (Stewart GW, et al., 1979). Although in freshly obtained blood samples plasma [K+] was normal, it was increased when measured in blood stored at or below room temperature. This trait was accompanied by mild abnormalities of red cell shape. Functional gene mapping and sequencing analysis of the candidate genes within the 2q35-q36 critical interval in three multigenerational FP families with 20 affected individuals identified two novel heterozygous missense mutations in the ABCB6 gene that cosegregated with disease phenotype (Andolfo I. et al., 2013). The two genomic substitutions altered two adjacent nucleotides within codon 375 of ABCB6, a porphyrin transporter that in erythrocyte membranes bears the Langereis blood group antigen system (Krishnamurthy PC, et al., 2006; Helias V, et al., 2012). Recently, the ABCB6 mutation R723Q was found in two patients with FP (Bawazir W, et al.,2014). Of note, both patients presented as blood donors, and increased cold-induced potassium leak was demonstrated. The transfusion of pseudohyperkalemic blood has clinical implications especially for neonates and infants receiving large-volume RBC transfusions. In this study we analyzed one additional family and report the first functional characterization of an ABCB6 mutation, towards understanding the pathogenic mechanism of FP. Moreover, we screened an Italian blood donor population for the R276W variant of the ABCB6 gene. Methods DNA was obtained for genetic analysis from affected and unaffected family members, after signed informed consent, according to the Declaration of Helsinki. The search for mutations was performed by direct sequencing of the ABCB6 gene. cDNAs encoding full-length wildtype ABCB6 were cloned into pcDNA3.1. Our patients' novel point mutation (c.826C>T, p.R276W) was introduced into pcDNA3.1-ABCB6 by site-directed mutagenesis. WT and mutant constructs were transfected into HEK-293 cells and the cells were maintained at 30°C for 72 hrs to evaluate the effects of reduced temperature. After transfection, the cells were incubated in a medium containing 86rubidium (86Rb+) as a surrogate for K+. 86Rb+ was determined in cell lysate, and K content of extracellular medium was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results We found the heterozygous mutation c.826G>T, p. R276W in an Irish family. This mutation is annotated in public databases as single nucleotide variants (SNVs), and is predicted by PolyPhen2 and SIFT to be damaging. Variant R276W showed a minor allele frequency (MAF) of 1.3:100 confirming that many patients with FP could be present in the blood donor population. R276W and previously identified ABCB6 variants R375Q and R375Wwere overexpressed in HEK-293 cells to characterize the functional properties of these variants. Expression of ABCB6 mutants showed no change in RNA or polypeptide levels. However, measurement of ouabain- and bumetanide-resistant net cation flux demonstrated a greater loss of cell K from mutant ABCB6-expressing cells than from WT ABCB6-expressing cells. The high allele frequency of ABCB6 variant R276W prompted a genetic screen of 327 blood donors. The variant was present in 0.3% (1/327) of the donor cohort, and this single subject with ABCB6 R276W exhibited slightly increased MCV and variably increased plasma K+ concentrations. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that missense mutations in ABCB6 lead to increased K+ efflux from RBCs in FP patients. Storage of FP blood can cause a significant increase in blood K+ levels, with especially serious clinical implications for neonates and infants receiving large-volume transfusions of whole blood. Furthermore, the prevalence of FP might be underestimated, since patients with FP can be asymptomatic and thus undetected in the donor population. Screening for the most frequent ABCB6 variation, R276W, confirmed that FP patients are present in the Italian blood donor population. In the future, genetic tests for FP could be added to blood donor prescreening to improve the quality and safety of donor units. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "R275W"

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Sevegnani, Martina. "The role of Parkin R274W in genetic forms of Parkinson’s disease." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/361162.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of nigral dopaminergic (DA) neurons and the formation of Lewy bodies. Despite most cases being idiopathic, mutations in several genes have been implicated in familial forms of PD. In particular, recessive mutations in Parkin gene (PARK2) are the most common cause of young-onset inherited parkinsonism. Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved both in the control of mitochondrial turnover and in the proteasome-dependent degradation of proteins, two pathways that have been causally linked to PD development. Although initially described as a recessive disorder, experimental evidence suggests that heterozygous Parkin mutations can exert dominant toxic effects causing neurodegeneration. In 2012, Ruffmann and colleagues identified the first pure heterozygous R275W Parkin patient with clinical features of typical late-onset PD and a diffuse Lewy body pathology. To assess the impact of R275W Parkin, we generated the first mouse line carrying Parkin R274W mutation, which corresponds to the human R275W substitution. Unlike Parkin deficient mouse models, both homo- and heterozygous R274W mice show an age-related motor impairment, degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and neuroinflammation. We detected structural and functional mitochondrial abnormalities related to PARIS-PGC-1α axis impairment in R274W+/+ mice brain and skeletal muscle. Strikingly, we noticed signs of protein aggregation in both R274W+/- and +/+ mice, while we identified bona fide Lewy bodies only in the midbrain of heterozygous mice. Additionally, in the brains of R274W mice we discovered overt abnormalities of the glymphatic system, the main route for brain waste clearance. Our preliminary observations suggest that Parkin influences aquaporin-4 (AQP4) localization. Altogether, our data suggest that R274W Parkin substitution behaves both as a loss ofand a gain of toxic function, highlighting a link between Parkin dominant toxicity and age-dependent motor impairment, neuroinflammation, DA neurons loss, glymphatic system dysfunctions and α-synuclein aggregation in vivo. Hence, our study provides a new robust mouse model to explore PD pathogenesis and glymphatic dysfunctions, offering the possibility to test novel therapeutic strategies with great predictivity.
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Crawford, Sean A. "Obesity-associated diabetes, the human AMPKgamma3 R225W mutation and skeletal muscle metabolism." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28215.

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The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide at an unprecedented pace. The fundamental understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases is essential for the development of novel therapeutics. The objective of this work was to characterize skeletal muscle metabolism of obese subjects with a history of T2DM and that of subjects carrying the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) gamma3 R225W mutation. Primary myotubes from obese subjects with a history of T2DM showed defects in mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative capacity and in mechanisms known to mitigate oxidative stress. Conversely, primary myotubes from subjects carrying the AMPKgamma3 R225W mutation had elevated mitochondrial content and oxidative capacity relative to matched controls. R225W carriers also showed evidence of increased muscle glucose uptake in vivo and in vitro, leading to the conclusion that AMPKgamma3 may represent an effective novel pharmaceutical target for treatment of T2DM.
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Maneva, Galina Stoyanova [Verfasser]. "Nijmegen Breakage Syndrom (NBS) : Krebsrisiko bei Heterozygotie für die Mutationen 657del5 und R215W / Galina Stoyanova Maneva." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1026174643/34.

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Rayneault, Nathaly. "L'expropriation municipale québécoise : mise en oeuvre et contrôle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25208/25208.pdf.

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