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Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "R D (Ronald David)"

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Clare, Anthony W. "Ronald David Laing 1927–1989: an appreciation." Psychiatric Bulletin 14, no. 2 (February 1990): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.14.2.87.

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It is unarguable that R. D. Laing was the best-known and, certainly outside mainstream psychiatry, the most influential psychiatrist of his time. His ideas have continued to exercise an astonishing appeal to writers, film directors, sociologists and philosophers. He epitomised for many the so-called anti-psychiatry movement and its portrayal of psychiatrists as agents of social control, psychiatric institutions as centres of degradation and psychiatric treatment as a process of invalidation. His rolling Glaswegian rhetoric summoned forth once again the compelling romantic concept of the psychotically ill as bearers of a potent insight into the fallibility, the malevolence and the violence at the heart of the human condition. He was, as his old teacher, and fellow-psychiatrist and Scot, Morris Carstairs, observed in a review in the Times Literary Supplement in 1976, “a guru of our time”. Now that he is no longer with us, how will time remember him?

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Graham, A. "Ronald David Graham." BMJ 327, no. 7425 (November 22, 2003): 1231—d—1231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7425.1231-d.

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Teichner, Paula, Sterling Wu, Feifan Zhang, David Dorey, Ronald D’Amico, Sandy Griffith, Kenneth Sutton, et al. "1029. Long-Term Patient Adherence and Management of Treatment Interruptions With Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir + Rilpivirine for Maintenance Therapy in Phase IIb/III Studies." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1215.

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Abstract Background Cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV) are under development as a novel long-acting (LA) regimen for maintenance of HIV virologic suppression. Pooled data from pivotal phase III trials demonstrated noninferiority of CAB + RPV LA given as gluteal intramuscular injections vs current antiretroviral regimen (CAR) on the primary endpoint of HIV-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) ≥50c/mL at Week 48, with high levels of adherence. Long-term adherence to dosing visits and outcomes after use of oral CAB+RPV to cover planned missed injections in FLAIR through Week 96 and in LATTE-2 through Week 256 is reported here. Methods Virologically suppressed participants (HIV-1 RNA < 50c/mL) were randomized to switch to CAB+RPV LA or to continue CAR. On-time injections occurred every 4 weeks or every 8 weeks (LATTE-2 only) within a ±7-day dosing window of the projected dosing date. Adherence to LA therapy was calculated as the number of on-time injection visits divided by the number of expected dosing visits through the period of follow up. Injection visits outside the prespecified window and missed injection visits with or without use of oral dosing were characterized. Results Of 6005 expected injection visits through Week 96 in FLAIR, 97% of injections were given within the allowed ±7-day dosing window, with 43% on the projected dosing date. 45 (< 1%) injection visits were early and 107 (2%) were late. Adherence to 9803 expected injection visits in LATTE-2, through Week 256, was similarly high, with 96% of injections given within the allowed ±7-day dosing window and 39% on the projected dosing date. For 31 missed injection visits in 18 participants across both trials, 30 were covered with oral CAB+RPV, with all participants maintaining HIV-1 RNA < 50c/mL through the last study visit. In those participants who used oral CAB + RPV for planned treatment interruptions, 3 had repeat use on ≥2 separate occasions. Conclusion Participants maintained high levels of long-term adherence to CAB+RPV LA, through 2-5 years of follow up, with 97% of injections given within the ±7-day dosing window in the FLAIR and LATTE-2 clinical trials. Oral CAB+RPV to cover planned missed visits provides an effective strategy to maintain virologic suppression during short periods of LA treatment interruption. Disclosures Paula Teichner, PharmD, GlaxoSmithKline (Shareholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Sterling Wu, PhD, GlaxoSmithKline (Employee, Shareholder) David Dorey, MMATH, GlaxoSmithKline Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Ronald D’Amico, DO, MSc, GlaxoSmithKline (Shareholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Sandy Griffith, PharmD, GlaxoSmithKline (Shareholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Kenneth Sutton, MA, GlaxoSmithKline (Shareholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Cynthia C. McCoig, MD, ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Joseph Polli, PhD, FAAPS, ViiV Healthcare (Employee) David Margolis, MD, MPH, GlaxoSmithKline (Shareholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Rodica Van Solingen-Ristea, MD, Janssen R&D (Employee) Kati Vandermeulen, M.SC., Janssen Pharmaceutica (Employee, Shareholder) William Spreen, PharmD, ViiV Healthcare (Employee, Shareholder) Parul Patel, PharmD, ViiV Healthcare (Employee)

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Rines, Lawrence S., Thomas T. Lewis, Robert H. Welborn, K. Gird Romer, James C. Williams, William Vance Trollinger, Richard Selcer, et al. "Book Reviews." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 11, no. 1 (May 4, 1986): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.11.1.27-43.

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A. K. Dickinson, P. J. Lee, and P. J. Rogers. Learning History. London: Heinemann Educational Books, Ltd., 1984. Pp. x, 230. Paper, $14.00; Donald W. Whisenhunt. A Student's Introduction to History. Boston: American Press, 1984. Pp. 31. Paper, $2.95. Review by Robert A. Calvert of Texas A&M University. Ronald J. Grele. Envelopes of Sound: The Art of Oral History. Chicago: Precendent Publishing, Inc. 1985. Second Edition. Pp. xii, 283. Cloth, $20.95. Review by Marsha Frey of Kansas State University. Reginald Horsman. The Diplomacy of the New Republic, 1776-1815. Arlington Heights, Illinois: Harlan Davidson., 1985. Pp. vii, 153. Paper, $7.95. Review by William Preston Vaughn of North Texas State University. Lynn Y. Weiner. From Working Girl to Working Mother: The Female Labor Force in the United States, 1820-1980. Chapel Hill and London: The University of North Carolina Press, 1985. Pp. xii, 187. Cloth, $17.95. Review by E. Dale Odom of North Texas State University. Mary Custis Lee de Butts, ed. Growing Up in the 1850s: The Journal of Agnes Lee. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 1984. Pp. xx, 151. Cloth, $11.95. Review by Clarence L. Mohr of Tulane University. Raymond A. Mohl. The New City: Urban America in the Inudstrial Age, 1860-1920. Arlington Heights, Illinois: Harlan Davidson, Inc., 1985. Pp. 242. Paper, $8.95; Melvyn Dubofsky. Industrialism and the American Worker, 1865-1920 (Second Edition). Arlington Heights, Illinois: Harlan Davidson, Inc., 1985. Pp. 167. Paper, $8.95. Review by Richard L. Means of Mountain View College. David D. Lee. Sergeant York: An American Hero. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky, 1985. Pp. 162. Cloth, $18.00. Review by Richard Selcer of Mountain View College. Studs Terkel. "The Good War": An Oral History of World War Two. New York: Pantheon Books, 1984. Pp. xv, 589. Cloth, $19.95. Review by William Vance Trollinger of The School of the Ozarks. David W. Reinhard. The Republican Right Since 1945. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 1983. Pp. ix, 294. Cloth, $25.00. Review by James C. Williams of Gavilan College. Christina Larner. Witchcraft and Religion: The Politics of Popular Belief. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1984. Pp. xi, 172. Cloth, $24.95. Review by K. Gird Romer of Kennesaw College. F. R. H. DuBoulay. Germany in the Later Middle Ages. New York: St. Martin's Press, Inc., 1984. Pp. xii, 260. Cloth, $30.00; Joseph Dahmus. Seven Decisive Battles of the Middle Ages. Chicago: Nelson Hall, 1984. Pp. viii, 244. Cloth, $23.95. Review by Robert H. Welborn of Clayton College. Gerald Fleming. Hitler and the Final Solution. With an Introduction by Saul Friedlaender. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984 (German, 1982). Pp. xxxvi, 219. Cloth, $15.95; Sarah Gordon. Hitler, Germans, and the "Jewish Question." Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984. Pp. xiv, 412. Cloth, $40.00; Limited Paper Edition, $14.50. Review by Thomas T. Lewis of Mount Senario College. Alan Cassels. Fascist Italy. Arlington Heights, Illinois: Harlan Davidson, Inc., 1985. Second Edition. Pp. x, 146. Paper, $8.95. Review by Lawrence S. Rines of Quincy Junior College; Additional response by Lawrence S. Rines of Quincy Junior College.

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Janick, Herbert, Stephen S. Gosch, Donn C. Neal, Donald J. Mabry, Arthur Q. Larson, Elizabeth J. Wilcoxson, Paul E. Fuller, et al. "Book Reviews." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 14, no. 2 (May 5, 1989): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.14.2.85-104.

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Anthony Esler. The Human Venture. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1986. Volume I: The Great Enterprise, a World History to 1500. Pp. xii, 340. Volume II: The Globe Encompassed, A World History since 1500. Pp. xii, 399. Paper, $20.95 each. Review by Teddy J. Uldricks of the University of North Carolina at Asheville. H. Stuart Hughes and James Wilkinson. Contemporary Europe: A History. Englewood Clifffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1987. Sixth edition. Pp. xiii, 615. Cloth, $35.33. Review by Harry E. Wade of East Texas State University. Ellen K. Rothman. Hands and Hearts: A History of Courtship in America. Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press, 1987. Pp. xi, 370. Paper, $8.95. Review by Mary Jane Capozzoli of Warren County Community College. Bernard Lewis, ed. Islam: from the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. Volume I: Politics and War. Pp.xxxvii, 226. Paper, $9.95. Volume II: Religion and Society. Pp. xxxix, 310. Paper, $10.95. Review by Calvin H. Allen, Jr. of The School of the Ozarks. Michael Stanford. The Nature of Historical Knowledge. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1986. Pp. vii, 196. Cloth, $45.00; paper, $14.95. Review by Michael J. Salevouris of Webster University. David Stricklin and Rebecca Sharpless, eds. The Past Meets The Present: Essays On Oral History. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1988. Pp. 151. Paper, $11.50. Review by Jacob L. Susskind of The Pennsylvania State University. Peter N. Stearns. World History: Patterns of Change and Continuity. New York: Harper and row, 1987. Pp. viii, 598. Paper, $27.00; Theodore H. Von Laue. The World Revolution of Westernization: The Twentieth Century in Global Perspective. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. Pp. xx, 396. Cloth, $24.95. Review by Jayme A. Sokolow of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Marilyn J. Boxer and Jean R Quataert, eds. Connecting Spheres: Women in the Western World, 1500 to the Present. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987. Pp. xvii, 281. Cloth, $29.95; Paper, $10.95. Review by Samuel E. Dicks of Emporia State University. Dietrich Orlow. A History of Modern Germany: 1870 to Present. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1987. Pp. xi, 371. Paper, $24.33. Review by Gordon R. Mork of Purdue University. Gail Braybon and Penny Summerfield. Out of the Cage: Women's Experiences in Two World Wars. Pandora: London and New York, 1987. Pp. xiii, 330. Paper, $14.95. Review by Paul E. Fuller of Transylvania University. Moshe Lewin. The Gorbachev Phenomenon: A Historical Interpretation. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1988. Pp. xii, 176. Cloth, $16.95; David A. Dyker, ed. The Soviet Union Under Gorbachev: Prospects for Reform. London & New York: Croom Helm, 1987. Pp. 227. Cloth, $35.00. Review by Elizabeth J. Wilcoxson of Northern Essex Community College. Charles D. Smith, Palestine and the Arab-Israeli Conflict. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1988. Pp. viii, 308. Cloth, $35.00. Review by Arthur Q. Larson of Westmar College. Stephen G. Rabe. Eisenhower and Latin America: The Foreign Policy of Anticommunism. Chapel Hill & London: The University of North Carolina Press, 1988. Pp. 237. Cloth $29.95; paper, $9.95. Review by Donald J. Mabry of Mississippi State University. Earl Black and Merle Black. Politics and Society in the South. Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press, 1987. Pp. ix, 363. Cloth, $25.00. Review by Donn C. Neal of the Society of American Archivists. The Lessons of the Vietnam War: A Modular Textbook. Pittsburgh: Center for Social Studies Education, 1988. Teacher edition (includes 64-page Teacher's Manual and twelve curricular units of 31-32 pages each), $39.95; student edition, $34.95; individual units, $3.00 each. Order from Center for Social Studies Education, 115 Mayfair Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15228. Review by Stephen S. Gosch of the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire. Media Reviews Carol Kammen. On Doing Local History. Videotape (VIIS). 45 minutes. Presented at SUNY-Brockport's Institute of Local Studies First Annual Symposium, September 1987. $29.95 prepaid. (Order from: Dr. Ronald W. Herlan, Director, Institute of Local Studies, Room 180, Faculty Office Bldg., SUNY-Brockport. Brockport. NY 14420.) Review by Herbert Janick of Western Connecticut State University.

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Wheeler, Caroline, Yuanquan Yang, Daniel Spakowicz, Rebecca Hoyd, and Mingjia Li. "942 The tumor microbiome correlates with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in renal cell carcinoma." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (November 2021): A988—A989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.942.

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BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, or ICI, is currently the most successful treatment option for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, only 20% of patients have a durable response,1 driving a significant need to improve treatment outcomes. The tumor microbiome has recently been shown to play a role in chemotherapy-based treatment outcomes, but, to our knowledge, no study has explored its role in response to ICIs.2–4MethodsTumor samples were collected from 22 patients with RCC as a part of the Total Cancer Care program at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center. Raw RNA-seq reads from these biopsies, as well as data on the responses to ICI therapy were collected. Response evaluation was based on RECIST v1.1 criteria with complete or partial response, or stable disease classified as ”Responders,”, and progressive disease classified as ”Non-responsders”. The RNA-seq reads were processed through a pipeline developed by the Spakowicz lab, known as ExoTIC (Exogenous sequences in Tumor and Immune Cells), to carefully identify exogenous sequences.5 6 Reads that don’t align to the human reference genome are meticulously filtered of (1) common laboratory contaminants, (2) taxa that inversely correlate with input RNA quantity, and (3) taxa commonly found in the negative controls of microbiome experiments. DESeq2 was used to perform a differential abundance analysis on the comparison groups at every taxonomic level.ResultsThe 22 patients with RCC range from 22 to 74 years of age at diagnosis, are 72.7% male, and 54.5% responded to ICIs. Exogenous taxa are identified in the tumor RNAseq, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses (figure 1). Within the tumors responsive to immunotherapy, there was found to be a significant enrichment of certain microbial species, including Bacillus thuringiensis, Comamonas testosteroni, Colletotrichum higginsianum, and Elaeis guineesis. Comparatively, the cohort of non-responsive tumors was found to have a significant enrichment of Candidatus Promineofilum breve, Clostridioides difficile, Nocardia cyriacigeorgica, Streptomyces sp. CdTB01, and Streptomyces venezuelae (figure 2).Abstact 942 Figure 1Relative abundances of exogenous taxa found in tumor RNAseq are shown in a stacked bar plotAbstact 942 Figure 2Differential abundance analysis of taxa found within tumor RNAseq data by the exotic pipeline. Colored points represent significantly (pvalue < 0.05) enriched taxa with a high (>2.5) fold-difference in abundance between the groupsConclusionsWe found that prior to ICI treatment the tumor microbiome of patients with RCC whose tumors responded to immunotherapy vary from those that did not respond to treatment. This implies that a therapeutic target to modify the tumor microbiome to improve treatment outcomes. Future research will evaluate whether these correlations are causally associated with outcomes and will evaluate their effect on the tumor microenvironment including immune cell infiltration.AcknowledgementsThe authors acknowledge the support and resources of the Ohio Supercomputing Center (PAS1695).ReferencesCiccarese C, Di Nunno V, Iacovelli R, Massari F. Future perspectives for personalized immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma. Expert opinion on biological therapy. Taylor & Francis. 2017;17(9):1049–1052.Geller LT, Barzily-Rokni M, Danino T, Jonas OH, Shental N, Nejman D, Gavert N, Zwang Y, Cooper ZA, Shee K, Thaiss CA, Reuben A, Livny J, Avraham R, Frederick DT, Ligorio M, Chatman K, Johnston SE, Mosher CM, Brandis A, Fuks G, Gurbatri C, Gopalakrishnan V, Kim M, Hurd MW, Katz M, Fleming J, Maitra A, Smith DA, Skalak M, Bu J, Michaud M, Trauger SA, Barshack I, Golan T, Sandbank J, Flaherty KT, Mandinova A, Garrett WS, Thayer SP, Ferrone CR, Huttenhower C, Bhatia SN, Gevers D, Wargo JA, Golub TR, Straussman R. Potential role of intratumor bacteria in mediating tumor resistance to the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine. Science 2017 September 15;357(6356):1156–1160. PMID: 28912244.Nejman D, Livyatan I, Fuks G, Gavert N, Zwang Y, Geller LT, Rotter-Maskowitz A, Weiser R, Mallel G, Gigi E, Meltser A, Douglas GM, Kamer I, Gopalakrishnan V, Dadosh T, Levin-Zaidman S, Avnet S, Atlan T, Cooper ZA, Arora R, Cogdill AP, Khan MAW, Ologun G, Bussi Y, Weinberger A, Lotan-Pompan M, Golani O, Perry G, Rokah M, Bahar-Shany K, Rozeman EA, Blank CU, Ronai A, Shaoul R, Amit A, Dorf-man T, Kremer R, Cohen ZR, Harnof S, Siegal T, Yehuda-Shnaidman E, Gal-Yam EN, Shapira H, Baldini N, Langille MGI, Ben-Nun A, Kaufman B, Nissan A, Golan T, Dadiani M, Levanon K, Bar J, Yust-Katz S, Barshack I, Peeper DS, Raz DJ, Segal E, Wargo JA, Sandbank J, Shental N, Straussman R. The human tumor microbiome is composed of tumor type–specific intracellular bacteria. Science 2020 May 29;368(6494):973–980.Poore GD, Kopylova E, Zhu Q, Carpenter C, Fraraccio S, Wandro S, Kosciolek T, Janssen S, Metcalf J, Song SJ, Kanbar J, Miller-Montgomery S, Heaton R, Mckay R, Patel SP, Swafford AD, Knight R. Microbi-ome analyses of blood and tissues suggest cancer diagnostic approach. Nature 2020;579(7800):567–574. PMID: 32214244.Malalur, Pannaga, Mo, Xiaokui, Hoyd, Rebecca, Hays, John, Carbone, David, Spakowicz, Daniel. Investigating intra-tumor microbes, blood microbes, and CEA for development of non-invasive biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2021;39(15_suppl): 3551–3551.Malalur PG, Mo X, Hoyd R, Carbone DP, Spakowicz D. Intra-tumoral microbes and overall survival in colorectal cancer patients. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020;38(15_suppl):4083–4083.Ethics ApprovalData were obtained through an IRB-approved Honest Broker protocol (2015H0185) supporting the Total Cancer Care protocol 2013H0199.

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Bruce, I. N., K. Psachoulia, E. Maho, D. Isenberg, R. van Vollenhoven, R. Furie, E. F. Morand, C. Lindholm, M. Hultquist, and R. Tummala. "AB0425 WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE A DUAL BICLA AND SRI(4) RESPONDER? A POOLED ANALYSIS OF TWO PHASE 3 TRIALS IN PATIENTS WITH SLE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1340–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.900.

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BackgroundThe BILAG–based Composite Lupus Assessment (BICLA) and SLE Responder Index ≥4 (SRI[4], based on SLEDAI-2K) are validated composite global measures of clinically meaningful improvement in SLE disease activity. BICLA and SRI(4) responses were endpoints in the phase 2b MUSE and phase 3 TULIP-1/-2 trials.1–3 In a post hoc analysis, more patients met both the BICLA and SRI(4) response criteria at Week 52 (dual responders) with anifrolumab 300 mg vs placebo across trials (MUSE: 48.5% vs 19.9%; TULIP-1: 42.2% vs 27.9%; TULIP-2: 43.4% vs 26.4%; all nominal P<0.01).4 Whereas the clinical benefit of BICLA responses alone have been characterized,5 the added benefit of dual BICLA/SRI(4) responses remains unknown.ObjectivesTo understand the clinical benefits (SLE clinical assessments, patient-reported outcomes [PROs], and healthcare utilization) of having a dual BICLA/SRI(4) response vs a response for just one endpoint or nonresponse for both, irrespective of treatment assignment.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of pooled data from the randomized, 52-week, double-blind TULIP-1 (NCT02446912) and TULIP-2 (NCT02446899) trials in which patients with moderate to severe SLE despite standard therapy received intravenous anifrolumab (150/300 mg) or placebo every 4 weeks for 48 weeks.1,2 Patients were categorized as dual responders (met both BICLA and SRI[4] response criteria at Week 52), single responders (met one of either BICLA or SRI[4] response criteria), or dual nonresponders (did not meet either response criteria). SLE clinical assessments, PROs, and healthcare utilization through Week 52 were evaluated for each group. Statistical comparisons were conducted for dual responders vs single responders and dual nonresponders.ResultsPatient demographics and baseline characteristics were generally balanced across dual responders (n=288), single responders (n=122), and dual nonresponders (n=409). At Week 52, dual responders had greater improvements in SLE-related measures compared with dual nonresponders across all evaluated clinical, PRO, and healthcare utilization outcomes (Figure, A–E).Compared with single responders, dual responders had a significantly greater mean change from baseline in SLEDAI-2K score (−8.2 vs −5.1; nominal P<0.0001), PGA score (−1.3 vs −0.9; nominal P<0.0001), and swollen joint counts (−6.2 vs −4.5; nominal P<0.0001) (Panel A); there was also a numerically greater proportion with ≥50% reduction in CLASI-A score (91% vs 76%; nominal P=0.078) (Panel B). Dual responders had a greater mean reduction in baseline oral glucocorticoid (GC) daily dose (−5.6 vs −3.4; nominal P=0.006) vs single responders (Panel A).For PROs, compared with single responders, dual responders had a greater mean change in baseline PtGA score (−17.7 vs −8.6; nominal P=0.001), and a higher proportion had clinically meaningful improvements from baseline to Week 52 in fatigue (FACIT-F; 56% vs 43%; nominal P=0.014) and SF-36 physical component scores (60% vs 34%; nominal P<0.0001) (Panel C–D). Healthcare utilization (ED visits and hospitalizations) was lower in dual responders vs single responders; however, this comparison did not reach nominal significance (nominal P=0.462 and 0.311, respectively) (Panel E).ConclusionPatients with SLE with dual responses in two validated outcome measures have significantly better outcomes across a range of clinical, PRO, and healthcare utilization measures compared with dual nonresponders. The higher degree of improvement in disease activity, especially in arthritis, and the greater reduction in oral GC dose compared with single responders is reflected in improved patient well-being, physical functioning, and fatigue. Being a dual responder offers a profound and clinically meaningful outcome for both the clinician and patient.References[1]Furie R. Lancet Rheumatol. 2019;1:e208–19.[2]Morand EF. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:211–21.[3]Furie R. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017;69:376–86.[4]Isenberg D. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80:586–7.[5]Furie R. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021;73:2059–68.AcknowledgementsWriting assistance was provided by Matilda Shackley of JK Associates Inc., part of Fishawack Health. This study was sponsored by AstraZeneca.Disclosure of InterestsIan N. Bruce Speakers bureau: GSK, UCB, Astra Zeneca, Consultant of: AstraZeneca, GSK, UCB, Aurinia, Eli Lilly, BMS, Grant/research support from: GSK, Janssen, Konstantina Psachoulia Shareholder of: AstraZeneca, Employee of: AstraZeneca, Emmanuelle Maho Employee of: AstraZeneca, David Isenberg Consultant of: AstraZeneca, Amgen, Servier, Eli Lilly, UCB, Merck Serono, Ronald van Vollenhoven Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Galapagos, GSK, Janssen, Pfizer, R-Pharma, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Biogen, BMS, Galapagos, Janssen, Miltenyi, Pfizer, UCB, Grant/research support from: MSD, Pfizer, Roche, BMS, GSK, UCB, Richard Furie Speakers bureau: AstraZeneca, Genentech, Consultant of: AstraZeneca, Grant/research support from: AstraZeneca, Eric F. Morand Speakers bureau: GSK, Novartis, Paid instructor for: AstraZeneca, Biogen, Eli Lilly, Consultant of: AstraZeneca, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Genentech, GSK, Janssen, Servier, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, GSK, Janssen, Catharina Lindholm Employee of: AstraZeneca, Micki Hultquist Shareholder of: AstraZeneca, J&J, Employee of: AstraZeneca, Raj Tummala Shareholder of: AstraZeneca, Employee of: AstraZeneca

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Sims, Robert C., Darlene E. Fisher, Steven A. Leibo, Pasquale E. Micciche, Fred R. Van Hartesveldt, W. Benjamin Kennedy, C. Ashley Ellefson, et al. "Book Reviews." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 13, no. 2 (May 5, 1988): 80–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.13.2.80-104.

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Michael B. Katz. Reconstructing American Education. Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press, 1987. Pp. viii, 212. Cloth, $22.50; E. D. Hirsch, Jr. Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1987. Pp. xvii, 251. Cloth, $16.45; Diana Ravitch and Chester E. Finn, Jr. What Do Our 17-Year-Olds Know? A Report on the First National Assessment of History and Literature. New York: Harper & Row, 1987. Pp. ix, 293. Cloth, $15.95. Review by Richard A. Diem of The University of Texas at San Antonio. Henry J. Steffens and Mary Jane Dickerson. Writer's Guide: History. Lexington, Massachusetts, and Toronto: D. C. Heath and Company, 1987. Pp. x, 211. Paper, $6.95. Review by William G. Wraga of Bernards Township Public Schools, Basking Ridge, New Jersey. J. Kelley Sowards, ed. Makers of the Western Tradition: Portraits from History. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1987. Fourth edition. Vol: 1: Pp. ix, 306. Paper, $12.70. Vol. 2: Pp. ix, 325. Paper, $12.70. Review by Robert B. Luehrs of Fort Hays State University. John L. Beatty and Oliver A. Johnson, eds. Heritage of Western Civilization. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1987. Sixth Edition. Volume I: Pp. xi, 465. Paper, $16.00; Volume II: pp. xi, 404. Paper, $16.00. Review by Dav Levinson of Thayer Academy, Braintree, Massachusetts. Lynn H. Nelson, ed. The Human Perspective: Readings in World Civilization. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1987. Vol. I: The Ancient World to the Early Modern Era. Pp. viii, 328. Paper, $10.50. Vol. II: The Modern World Through the Twentieth Century. Pp, x, 386. Paper, 10.50. Review by Gerald H. Davis of Georgia State University. Gerald N. Grob and George Attan Billias, eds. Interpretations of American History: Patterns and Perspectives. New York: The Free Press, 1987. Fifth Edition. Volume I: Pp. xi, 499. Paper, $20.00: Volume II: Pp. ix, 502. Paper, $20.00. Review by Larry Madaras of Howard Community College. Eugene Kuzirian and Larry Madaras, eds. Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Issues in American History. -- Volume II: Reconstruction to the Present. Guilford, Connecticut: The Dushkin Publishing Groups, Inc., 1987. Pp. xii, 384. Paper, $9.50. Review by James F. Adomanis of Anne Arundel County Public Schools, Annapolis, Maryland. Joann P. Krieg, ed. To Know the Place: Teaching Local History. Hempstead, New York: Hofstra University Long Island Studies Institute, 1986. Pp. 30. Paper, $4.95. Review by Marilyn E. Weigold of Pace University. Roger Lane. Roots of Violence in Black Philadelphia, 1860-1900. Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London: Harvard University Press, 1986. Pp. 213. Cloth, $25.00. Review by Ronald E. Butchart of SUNY College at Cortland. Pete Daniel. Breaking the Land: The Transformation of Cotton, Tobacco, and Rice Cultures since 1880. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1985. Pp. xvi, 352. Paper, $22.50. Review by Thomas S. Isern of Emporia State University. Norman L. Rosenberg and Emily S. Rosenberg. In Our Times: America Since World War II. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1987. Third edition. Pp. xi, 316. Paper, $20.00; William H. Chafe and Harvard Sitkoff, eds. A History of Our Time: Readings on Postwar America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. Second edition. Pp. xiii, 453. Paper, $12.95. Review by Monroe Billington of New Mexico State University. Frank W. Porter III, ed. Strategies for Survival: American Indians in the Eastern United States. New York, Westport, Connecticut, and London: Greenwood Press, 1986. Pp. xvi, 232. Cloth, $35.00. Review by Richard Robertson of St. Charles County Community College. Kevin Sharpe, ed. Faction & Parliament: Essays on Early Stuart History. London and New York: Methuen, 1985. Pp. xvii, 292. Paper, $13.95; Derek Hirst. Authority and Conflict: England, 1603-1658. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1986. Pp. viii, 390. Cloth, $35.00. Review by K. Gird Romer of Kennesaw College. N. F. R. Crafts. British Economic Growth During the Industrial Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. Pp. 193. Paper, $11.95; Maxine Berg. The Age of Manufactures, 1700-1820. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. Pp. 378. Paper, $10.95. Review by C. Ashley Ellefson of SUNY College at Cortland. J. M. Thompson. The French Revolution. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1985 reissue. Pp. xvi, 544. Cloth, $45.00; Paper, $12.95. Review by W. Benjamin Kennedy of West Georgia College. J. P. T. Bury. France, 1814-1940. London and New York: Methuen, 1985. Fifth edition. Pp. viii, 288. Paper, $13.95; Roger Magraw. France, 1815-1914: The Bourgeois Century. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985. Pp. 375. Cloth, $24.95; Paper, $9.95; D. M.G. Sutherland. France, 1789-1815: Revolution and Counterrevolution. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986. Pp. 242. Cloth, $32.50; Paper, $12.95. Review by Fred R. van Hartesveldt of Fort Valley State College. Woodford McClellan. Russia: A History of the Soviet Period. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1986. Pp. xi, 387. Paper, $23.95. Review by Pasquale E. Micciche of Fitchburg State College. Ranbir Vohra. China's Path to Modernization: A Historical Review from 1800 to the Present. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1987. Pp. xiii, 302. Paper, $22.95. Reivew by Steven A. Leibo of Russell Sage College. John King Fairbank. China Watch. Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press, 1987. Pp. viii, Cloth, $20.00. Review by Darlene E. Fisher of New Trier Township High School, Winnetka, Illinois. Ronald Takaki, ed. From Different Shores: Perspectives on Race and Ethnicity in America. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987. Pp. 253. Paper, $13.95. Review by Robert C. Sims of Boise State University.

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Реэр, Дэвид. "Экономические и социальные последствия демографического перехода (перевод с английского)." Демографическое обозрение 1, no. 4 (May 25, 2015): 41–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/demreview.v1i4.1802.

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Перевод с английского статьи: David S. Reher.Economic and social implications of the demographic transition // Ronald D. Lee and David S. Reher, eds. Demographic Transition and Its Consequences. A supplement to Vol. 37 (2011) of Population and Development Review: 11-33.В статье показано, как демографический переход повсеместно выступил в качестве важного источника социальных и экономических изменений. Статья состоит из двух частей. В первой части рассматриваются различные процессы, в которых произошли изменения в среднесрочной и долгосрочной перспективе. Возрастная структура, миграция, эффективность воспроизводства, семейные стратегии и здоровье взрослого населения – все это те направления, в которых ощущаются трансформационные эффекты демографических изменений. Во второй части статьи обсуждается, как темпы изменения демографических показателей определяют эти положительные эффекты в разных регионах мира.

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CARFI, David, and Alessia Donato. "Complete study of a Coopetitive R&D Alliance." Journal of Mathematical Economics and Finance 2, no. 2 (April 2, 2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jmef.v2.2(3).03.

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The paper proposes a mathematical model of coopetitive game that ana- lyzes general asymmetric R&D alliances. The coopetitive point of view, which con- siders both collaboration and competition together, allows to analyze the functioning of alliances that arise between small and large firms. Starting from the economic models developed in managerial doctrine and from the model of coopetitive game in- troduced by David Carf`ı, we adopt a mathematical analysis, paying attention to some of the most debated quantitative questions and some analytical topics scarcely covered in the literature: a mathematical model of coopetitive game, particularly suitable for exploring a complex type of asymmetric R&D alliances. We propose a formal coopet- itive approach, with corresponding numerical example, where the coopetitive variable of the model is a real variable. A cooperative effort is suggested even if partners are potentially competitors in the marketplace and they could shape the payoff space by the coopetitive approach. To maximize profits, we suggested: first of all, a complete Pareto analysis (introduced by David Carf`ı), secondly - to share conveniently and fairly the utilities - we propose a Kalai-Smorodinsky solution of the bargaining deci- sion problem, in which the decisional constraint is the Pareto boundary of maximum collective utility.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "R D (Ronald David)"

1

Engelmann, David [Verfasser], Ronald [Gutachter] Mailach, and Horst [Gutachter] Stoff. "Strömungsmechanische Untersuchung einer Industriedampfturbine mit Fokus auf die Rückführung von Leckagedampf / David Engelmann ; Gutachter: Ronald Mailach, Horst Stoff ; Fakultät für Maschinenbau." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1157094694/34.

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Willemsen, David [Verfasser], Dario R. [Gutachter] Valenzano, and Thomas [Gutachter] Wiehe. "Life history evolution in turquoise killifish / David Willemsen ; Gutachter: Dario R. Valenzano, Thomas Wiehe." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1205878572/34.

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Gonzalez, Aguirre David Israel [Verfasser], and R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Dillmann. "Model-Based Environmental Visual Perception for Humanoid Robots / David Israel Gonzalez Aguirre. Betreuer: R. Dillmann." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1047839849/34.

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Rauh, David [Verfasser], J. R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Andreesen, G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Sawers, and C. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kisker. "Das Wolframat-Bindeprotein TupA aus Eubacterium acidaminophilum / David Rauh. Betreuer: J. R. Andreesen ; G. Sawers ; C. Kisker." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1024874036/34.

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Pollak, David [Verfasser], K. R. [Gutachter] Pörschke, and Christoph [Gutachter] Janiak. "Untersuchungen zu plastischen Kristallen, schwach-koordinierenden-Anionen und Platin-Oxabispidin-Komplexen / David Pollak ; Gutachter: K.-R. Pörschke, Christoph Janiak." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2016. http://d-nb.info/111660406X/34.

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Wenzel, David [Verfasser], Albrecht [Akademischer Betreuer] Böttcher, Albrecht [Gutachter] Böttcher, and Koenraad M. R. [Gutachter] Audenaert. "Scharfe Ungleichungen für Normen von Kommutatoren endlicher Matrizen / David Wenzel ; Gutachter: Albrecht Böttcher, Koenraad M. R. Audenaert ; Betreuer: Albrecht Böttcher." Chemnitz : Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1214007481/34.

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Sadowski, Eva-Maria [Verfasser], Alexander R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmidt, Alexander R. [Gutachter] Schmidt, Lutz [Gutachter] Kunzmann, and David A. [Gutachter] Grimaldi. "Towards a new picture of the 'Baltic amber forest' - flora, habitat types, and palaeoecology / Eva-Maria Sadowski ; Gutachter: Alexander R. Schmidt, Lutz Kunzmann, David A.Grimaldi ; Betreuer: Alexander R. Schmidt." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149959185/34.

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Linder, David [Verfasser], and Rainer [Akademischer Betreuer] Schobert. "Beiträge zur Chemie von 3-Acyltetron- und 3-Enamintetramsäuren : Erstsynthesen von (R)-(+)-Carolinsäure und Cladosin C / David Linder ; Betreuer: Rainer Schobert." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1151203599/34.

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Matalon, David [Verfasser], Horst [Gutachter] Schroten, and Colin R. [Gutachter] MacKenzie. "Untersuchung der Barriereschädigung des choroidalen Plexusepithels durch Streptococcus suis und deren pharmakologischen Beeinflussbarkeit / David Matalon ; Gutachter: Horst Schroten, Colin R. MacKenzie." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1122721293/34.

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Dessureault, Jacinthe. "Outre-amer ; et, Etude du dialogue dans Nouvelles de J.D. Salinger." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26685.

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Outre-amer is a collection of short stories set in a contemporary Quebec society and depicting events in the genealogy of a family doomed with mythological predispositions.
Intertextuality is an important aspect of Outre-amer, since the stories are independent from one another, while linked together by various themes, clues and details which carry enigmas beneath the surface of the stories from one end of the collection to the other. Thus, it is suggested to read the stories in a chronological order.
Etude du dialogue dans Nouvelles de J. D. Salinger studies the conversational aspect of the prose of the American author J. D. Salinger. It reflects on the importance and the role of dialogues within a short story, as well as their scriptural representation and mimetic function. The article investigates the French translation of two short stories which are part of Nine Stories. It analyzes the particularities of the translated dialogues compared to those of the original version, and questions the critical validity of a text in translation. The study raises and discusses issues related to the process of translation towards French and denounces the French translator's ethnocentrical approach towards the American text: in this case, the French language and culture assimilate Salinger's stories, thus altering the poetics of the text in translation.

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Books on the topic "R D (Ronald David)"

1

R.D. Laing: A personal view. London: Duckworth, 1999.

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Knots. London: Routledge, 1999.

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R.D. Laing and the paths of anti-psychiatry. London: Routledge, 1997.

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The wing of madness: The life and work of R.D. Laing. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1996.

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R.D. Laing. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Review in association with Edinburgh University Press, 2004.

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Vice, Janet. From patients to persons: The psychiatric critiques of Thomas Szasz, Peter Sedgwick, and R.D. Laing. New York: P. Lang, 1992.

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R.D. Laing: A life. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Pub., 2006.

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Portrait of the psychiatrist as a young man: The early writing and work of R.D. Laing, 1927-1960. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

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Fairbairn, W. Ronald D. From instinct to self: Selected papers of W. R. D. Fairbairn. Northvale, N.J: Jason Aronson, 1994.

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Nominations of Ronald Sims, Fred P. Hochberg, Helen R. Kanovsky, David H. Stevens, Peter Kovar, John D. Trasviña, and David S. Cohen: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session on nominations of Ronald Sims, of Washington, to be Deputy Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development; Fred P. Hochberg, of New York, to be president and chairman, Export-Import Bank; Helen R. Kanovsky, of Maryland, to be general counsel, Department of Housing and Urban Development; David H. Stevens, of Virginia, to be Assistant Secretary for Housing-Federal Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and Urban Development; Peter Kovar, of Maryland, to be Assistant Secretary for Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs, Department of Housing and Urban Development; John D. Trasviña, of California, to be Assistant Secretary for Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity, Department of Housing and Urban Development; David S. Cohen, of Maryland, to be Assistant Secretary for Terrorist Financing, Department of the Treasury, April 23, 2009. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "R D (Ronald David)"

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"(1986) D. E. Rumelhart, G. E. Hinton, and R. J. Williams, "Learning internal representations by error propogation," [i]Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructures of Cognition[/i], Vol. I, D. E. Rumelhart and J. L. McClelland (Eds.) Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 318-362.(1986) David E. Rumelhart, Geoffrey E. Hinton, and Ronald J. Williams, "Learning representations by back-propogating errors," [i]Nature[/i] 323:533-536." In Neurocomputing, Volume 1, 673–700. The MIT Press, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/4943.003.0042.

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Brunette, Gary W., and Jeffrey B. Nemhauser. "Preparing International Travelers." In CDC Yellow Book 2020, 9–124. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190928933.003.0002.

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The Pretravel Consultation Lin H. Chen, Natasha S. Hochberg Travelers’ Perception of Risk David R. Shlim Last-Minute Travelers Gail A. Rosselot Complementary & Integrative Health Approaches David Shurtleff, Kathleen Meister, Catherine Law Prioritizing Care for the Resource-Limited Traveler Zoon Wangu, Elizabeth D. Barnett Telemedicine Taylan Bozkurt...

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Glinsky, Albert. "The Island of Electronicus." In Switched On, 235–47. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197642078.003.0019.

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Abstract The Minimoog D was in production, but Bob’s business was being severely tested. Customers like Paul Bley had defected to ARP; Eric Siday became a scofflaw; and Herb Deutsch threatened a suit over Project Pulse, an educational initiative he had hoped to launch with Bob. Just when things couldn’t get worse, a new competitor showed up on the scene—one who had defected from Bob’s own ranks. Gene Zumchak had signed on with Bill Waytena to design a new synth, the Sonic V, under the Musonics name. Waytena was now competing directly with Bob, though without much success, as Tom Gullo, one of his engineers, remembered. Waytena made preliminary plans to assume Bob’s debts and take over R. A. Moog. Meanwhile, the owner of Taco Bell helped David Van Koevering start “The Island of Electronicus,” a quasi-night-club—sans alcohol—where kids could try out Minimoogs and hopefully buy them.

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Steffek, Jens. "Experts without borders." In International Organization as Technocratic Utopia, 61–84. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192845573.003.0004.

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This chapter presents liberal varieties of technocratic internationalism from the interwar years. The first section sketches the tumultuous situation at the end of the First World War to set the stage for this discussion. Wartime cooperation among the Western allies became a point of reference for internationalism of the executive top-down type. The work of two British internationalists, James Arthur Salter and H. R. G. Greaves, illustrates this type of internationalism, and is the focus of the second section. These authors envisaged the economic and technical branches of the League as a continuation of the wartime ‘executives’ among the Western allies. The American Pitman B. Potter linked his vision of international expert administration to otherwise Wilsonian ideas about an international rule of law and the primacy of security. The third section is devoted to the more utopian kinds of technocratic internationalism of the interwar years. They are represented here by Leonard Woolf and G. D. H. Cole who applied ideas of functional government to the domestic and international level alike. The final section of the chapter turns to David Mitrany who developed the functional approach to international organization more systematically. It shows how Mitrany combined the pragmatic and utopian elements of technocratic internationalism into a new synthesis.

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Taber, Douglass. "C-O Ring Containing Natural Products: Paeonilactone B (Taylor), Deoxymonate B (de la Pradilla), Sanguiin H-5 (Spring), Solandelactone A (White), Spirastrellolide A (Paterson)." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199764549.003.0050.

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Richard J. K. Taylor of the University of York has developed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 1935) the diasteroselective intramolecular Michael cyclization of phosphonates such as 2. Quenching of the cyclized product with paraformaldehyde delivered ( + )-Paeonilactone B 3. Roberto Fernández de la Pradilla of the CSIC, Madrid established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 4167) the diastereoselective intramolecular hetero Michael addition of alcohols to enantiomerically-pure acyclic sulfoxides such as 4 to give the allylic sulfoxide 5. Mislow-Evans rearrangement converted 5 into 6, the enantiomerically-pure core of Ethyl Deoxymonate B 7. The ellagitannins, represented by 10, are single atropisomers around the biphenyl linkage. David R. Spring of the University of Cambridge found (Organic Lett. 2008, 10, 2593) that the chiral constraint of the carbohydrate backbone of 9 directed the absolute sense of the oxidative coupling of the mixed cuprate derived from 9, leading to Sanguiin H-5 10 with high diastereomeric control. A key challenge in the synthesis of the solandelactones, exemplified by 14, is the stereocontrolled construction of the unsaturated eight-membered ring lactone. James D. White of Oregon State University found (J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73, 4139) an elegant solution to this problem, by exposure of the cyclic carbonate 11 to the Petasis reagent, to give 12. Subsequent Claisen rearrangement delivered the eight-membered ring lactone, at the same time installing the ring alkene of Solandelactone E 14. AD-mix usually proceeds with only modest enantiocontrol with terminal alkenes. None the less, Ian Paterson, also of the University of Cambridge, observed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 3016, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 3021) that bis-dihydroxylation of the diene 17 proceeded to give, after acid-mediated cyclization, the bis-spiro ketal core 18 of Spirastrellolide A Methyl Ester 19 with high diastereocontrol.

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Taber, Douglass F. "Enantioselective Preparation of Alkylated Stereogenic Centers." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0042.

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Jon D. Stewart of the University of Florida established (Chem. Commun. 2010, 46, 8558) a scalable enzymatic reduction of geranial 1 to citronellal 2. Andreas S. Bommarius of Georgia Tech reported (Chem. Commun. 2010, 46, 8809) related studies. Isamu Shiina of the Tokyo University of Science developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 11629) a nucleophilic catalyst for the kinetic resolution of α-chiral carboxylic acids such as 3. David W. C. MacMillan of Princeton University devised (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 13600) a protocol for the enantioselective benzylation of an aldehyde 5. Kian L. Tan of Boston College (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 14757) and Shannon S. Stahl and Clark R. Landis of the University of Wisconsin (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 14027) developed the regioselective enantioselective hydroformylation of alkenes such as 7 with chelating substituents. Masaya Sawamura of Hokkaido University (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 879) and others (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 2438; Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 5592, 6018) effected enantiospecific allylic coupling, as in the conversion of 9 to 10 . James P. Morken, also of Boston College, achieved (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 10686) enantioselective allylation of 11. Ben L. Feringa of the University of Groningen devised (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 13152) a protocol for net enantioselective conjugate addition to an α, β-unsaturated alde hyde 14. Gary A. Molander of the University of Pennsylvania found (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 17108) that coupling of 16, prepared by enantioselective conjugate addition, proceeded with inversion. Naoya Kumagai and Masakatsu Shibasaki of the Institute of Microbial Chemistry effected (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 10275) enantioselective alkynylation of the thioamide 18, and Takahiro Nishimura and Tamio Hayashi of Kyoto University achieved (Chem. Commun. 2010, 46, 6837) conjugate alkynylation of the nitroalkene 20. Several other protocols (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 5780, 7299, 8145; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 14373; J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 7829) have been developed for the catalytic enantioselective construction of arylated stereogenic centers.

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Taber, Douglass F. "Best Synthetic Methods: Reduction." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0008.

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Heshmatollah Alinezhad of Mazandaran University, Iran. developed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 659) the reagent 3, a white powder that is stable for many months, as a hydride donor for the reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones. Jean-Marc Campagne of the Institut Charles Gephardt Montpellier established (Synlett 2009, 276) a simple microwave protocol for reducing aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding hydrocarbons that looks general enough to become the method of choice for this important transformation. Joanne E. Harvey of Victoria University of Wellington, in the course of a total synthesis of Aigialomycind D, observed (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 2271) that despite the high reactivity of the monosubstituted alkene of 7, the conjugated alkene could be selectively reduced. Brian S. Bodnar of SiGNa Chemistry described (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 2598) a simple procedure for the reduction of an ester such as 9 to the alcohol 10, using Na dispersed on silica gel. Takao Ikariya of the Tokyo Institute of Technology designed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 1324) a Ru complex for the hydrogenation of N-acylsulfonamides and N-acylcarbamates such as 11 to the corresponding alcohol, 12. Remarkably, Hideo Nagashima of Kyushu University demonstrated (Chem. Commun. 2009, 1574) that even in the presence of the ester, the amide of 13 could be selectively reduced to the enamine 14. The enamine could be hydrolyzed to the aldehyde or reduced to the amine, but it is also an activated intermediate, for instance, for Michael addition to ethyl acrylate or methyl vinyl ketone. Diimide (HN=NH) is a useful reagent for selective reduction, as illustrated by the conversion of 15 to 17 . David R. Carbery of the University of Bath devised (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 3186) a convenient procedure for the in situ generation of diimide from 16 and hydrazine hydrate. The reductive cleavage of tertiary nitriles to the corresponding hydrocarbon under dissolving metal conditions has been known for some time (J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 4219). Reduction of secondary nitriles required more forcing conditions, with K metal and crown ether (Tetrahedron Lett. 1985, 26, 6103).

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Taber, Douglass F. "Stereoselective C-O Ring Construction: The Jamison Synthesis of (-)-Gloeosporone." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0047.

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Arene diazonium salts are effective precursors for the Heck reaction. Sandro Cacchi of the Università degli Studi “La Sapienza,” Roma, observed (Synlett 2009, 1277) that the diazonium salt generated in situ from 1 coupled with 2 to deliver the butenolide 3. Daniel J. Canney of Temple University established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 5914) conditions for the homologation of an alkenyl ester such as 4 to the homologated lactone 5. Tsutomu Katsuki of Kyushu University established (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 14218) that Ir-mediated C-H insertion converted 6 into 8 with high diastereo- and enantiocontrol. Thomas J. J. Müller of the Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, optimized ( Adv. Synth. Cat. 2009, 351, 2921) the Rh-mediated enantioselective cycloisomerization of 9 to 10. Santosh J. Gharpure of the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, showed (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 5466) that the intramolecular cyclopropanation of 11 proceeded with high diasterocontrol. Reduction of the intermediate cyclopropane then delivered the cyclic ether 12. Brian L. Pagenkopf of the University of Western Ontario optimized (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 5614) the diastereoselective Co-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of 13 to 14. Mark C. Bagley and Andrew E. Graham of Cardiff University found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 6823) that microwave heating promoted the selective BaMnO4 oxidation of 1,3-, 1,4-, and 1,5-diols such as 15 to the corresponding lactones. David W. Lupton of Monash University developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 14176) the remarkable cyclization of 17 to 19, catalyzed by the carbene precursor 18. Hirokazu Urabe of the Tokyo Institute of Technology showed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 3166) that the unusual Rh-catalyzed cyclization of an alkynyl sulfone 20 proceeded with substantial diastereocontrol, delivering the cyclic ether 21 as the major product. Jeffrey S. Johnson of the University of North Carolina established (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 14202) that Sc(OTf)3 was a particularly efficient catalyst for the opening of 22 with 23 and then reclosure, leading to 24. Steven D. R. Christie and Gareth J. Pritchard of Loughborough University (Chem. Commun. 2009, 7339) and Michael A. Kerr of the University of Western Ontario (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 8414) investigated related condensations.

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"Pefanis, Julian 88 Smith, Graham 10 Pétillon, Pierre-Yves 32, 34, 36 Starobinski, Jean 80 Picard, Raymond 23 Steiner, George 78 Piemme, Jean-Marie 45 Stock, Brian 34 Poe, Edgar Alan 9, 27 Stourdzé, Yves 45–6 Pompidou, Georges 47 Pontaut, Alain 5 Poole, Roger 40–1 Takemura, Kenichi 1, 16 Pound, Ezra 56 Tassart, Maurice 105 Texier, Jean 38 Theall, Donald 12, 68, 81, 107–8 Reagan, Ronald 79, 116 Thenot, Jean-Paul 74 Resnais, Alain 87 Thibau, Jacques 46 Rickels, Lawrence 53 Todorov, Tzvetan 50 Riesman, Paul 18–19, 22 Torgovnic, M. 106, 108 Rigby, Brian 6, 17, 33, 60 Trudeau, Pierre 5, 46–7, 91, Robbe-Grillet, Alain 87 103–4 Robert, Gilles 118 Rokeby, David 10 Rosenthal, Raymond 2 Vermillac, Michel 25, 27 Vernay, Alain 50 Virilio, Paul 4, 16, 89, 95–7 Said, Edward 22 Sarick, Lila 14 Sarrazin, Jean 105 Watson, Wilfred 119–20 Sartre, Jean-Paul 26 Weinstein, M. A. 12 de Saussure, Ferdinand 80, 90 Weiss, Peter 83 Schaeffer, Pierre 56–8, 60 Williams, Raymond 34 Schafer, R. Murray 83 Wolf, Gary 13 Schwartz, Eugene 15 Wolfe, Tom 104 Sevette, Christian 11 Wolton, Dominique 47 Smart, Barry 94 Zingrone, Frank 9 ŽiŽek, Slavoj 59, 62." In McLuhan and Baudrillard, 146. Routledge, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203005217-16.

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