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Miller, Susan Jane. "The composition of the milk of the quokka (Setonix brachyurus) and its consumption by the joey." University of Western Australia. School of Animal Biology, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0010.
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[Truncated abstract] Previous studies suggest that the milk of the quokka (Setonix brachyurus) could change composition coincident with critical stages of development of the young, and that the milk energy provided by the mother and its utilisation by the joey would determine the young’s growth rate. To test this general hypothesis, quokkas (n = 19) were bred in captivity and milk was collected during lactation. The samples were analysed using specific biochemical assays and sensitive analytical techniques to determine the composition of the milk of the quokka. The stable isotope, deuterium oxide, was employed to estimate the volume of milk consumed by the joeys. The adult females and their young were weighed and body measurements taken periodically, in order to calculate the body condition of the adults and monitor the growth rate of the offspring. Marsupial lactation can be divided in three phases. Phase 1 of lactation covers the period during pregnancy. Phase 2a of lactation in the quokka (0 to 70 days post partum), is the period when the young is permanently attached to the teat, while Phase 2b (70 to 180 days post partum) is when the joey suckles intermittently but is still confined to the pouch. Phase 3 of lactation extends from the time when the young initially emerges from the pouch to the end of lactation (180 to 300 days post partum) ... The metabolism of fatty acids in quokkas appears to be a combination of the processes in monogastric and ruminant mammals. The growth rate of the young quokkas was dependent on the volume and energy content of the milk consumed. The crude growth efficiency indicates that quokkas are equally efficient as other marsupials reported in the literature, in converting milk energy to body mass. It seems that female quokkas maintained energy balance during lactation, most probably by increasing their food intake rather than mobilising body fat stores. In addition, it appears that quokkas are capable of producing young of similar mass, irrespective of their own body weight or condition, when they have access to an adequate supply of food and water. This was the first study to provide detailed information about milk composition and lactational energetics in the quokka. While the results supported the unifying hypothesis in relation to the major changes associated with the transition through the phases of lactation, wide variations were detected between the quokka and other marsupial species in the changes in the detailed composition of milk and milk production.
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Martínez-Pérez, Pedro. "Health and disease status in a threatened marsupial, the quokka (Setonix brachyurus)." Thesis, Martínez-Pérez, Pedro (2016) Health and disease status in a threatened marsupial, the quokka (Setonix brachyurus). PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2016. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/34140/.
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Between 1901 and 1931, there were at least six anecdotal records of disease outbreaks in mainland quokkas (Setonix brachyurus) that were associated with mass mortalities. This time period pre-dates the arrival of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Despite these outbreaks, little or no research has been carried out to establish health and disease baseline data of the fragmented and scattered, extant populations. Epidemiological data was determined for a range of potential pathogens, and established physiological reference intervals of apparently healthy, wild quokkas on Rottnest Island and mainland locations. There were significant differences between Rottnest Island and mainland quokkas. Rottnest Island animals had haemograms with mark evidence of oxidative injury and bone marrow response consistent with a regenerative normocytic hypochromic anaemia. Except alkaline phosphatase (ALP), all blood chemistry analytes where higher in mainland animals, with particular emphasis on creatine kinase (CK), alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST) and vitamin E. Some other key findings include a widespread presence of a novel herpesvirus (MaHV-6), the recovery of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii from quokkas in highly altered ecosystems on Rottnest Island, and new Salmonella spp. serovars in Rottnest Island quokkas. Atypical lymphocytes resembling those in proliferative disorders of the lymphoid and haematopoietic tissues in other species were observed in blood smears of animals on Rottnest Island but not on the mainland. The presence of potentially-pathogenic organisms is likely to increase synergistic effects of ongoing and future threats (e.g. habitat clearing, climate change), and could increase quokka extinction risk. Disease surveillance would make a valuable contribution to Recovery Plans for the quokka, enabling preparedness for a rapid response if clinical disease is to happen, and to manage populations in a more integrated way.
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Hayward, Matt School of Biological Earth & Environmental Science UNSW. "The ecology of the quokka (Setonix brachyurus) (Macropodidae: Marsupialia) in the Northern Jarrah Forest of Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/18768.
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The quokka (Setonix brachyurus Quoy & Gaimard 1830) is a medium-sized, macropodid marsupial that is endemic to the mesic, south-western corner of Australia. While being a tourist icon on Rottnest Island, the species is threatened with extinction. It has been intensively studied on Rottnest Island in the 1960s and 1970s, however very little is known of its ecology on the mainland. Additionally the insular and mainland environments are extremely different suggesting that ecological differences between the two populations are likely. Consequently, this study sought to determine the basic autecology of the quokka and identify what factors have attributed to its threatened conservation status. The northern jarrah forest of Western Australia was selected as the study region due to it being at the northern limit of extant quokka distribution and because it was thought that the factors threatening the quokka would be exacerbated there. Fossil deposits suggest that the quokka originally occupied an area of approximately 49,000 km2 in the south-western corner of Australia. Historical literature show that they were widespread and abundant when Europeans colonised the region in 1829 but a noticeable and dramatic decline occurred a century later. The arrival of the red fox to the region coincided almost exactly with this decline and so it was probably ultimately responsible. Continued predation by both it and the feral cat are likely to have continued the decline, along with habitat destruction and modification through altered fire regimes. Specific surveys and literature searches show that since the 1950s, the area occupied by the quokka has declined by 45% and since 1990 by 29%. Based on the criteria of the IUCN (Hilton-Taylor 2000), the conservation status of the quokka should remain as vulnerable. An endangered status may be more applicable if the quokkas restriction to patches through its existence as a metapopulation is considered. Trapping of eight sites supporting quokka populations in the mid-1990s revealed three sites now locally extinct despite the ongoing, six year old, fox control programme. Another three are at serious risk of extinction. Extant population sizes ranged from one to 36 and population density ranged from 0.07 to 4.3 individuals per hectare. This is considered to be below the carrying capacity of each site. The overall quokka population size in the northern jarrah forest may be as low as 150 adult individuals, of which half are likely to be female. Even the largest extant populations are highly susceptible to stochastic extinction events. This small size was surprising considering the six year old, introduced predator control programme. Historically, the restriction to discrete habitat patches, the occasional inter-patch movement, the lack of correlation between the dynamics of each population and reports of frequent localised extinctions and colonisations suggest that the quokka population once existed as part of a classic metapopulation. The massive decline of the quokka in the 1930s pushed the metapopulation structure into a non-equilibrium state such that today, the extant populations are the terminal remnants of the original classic metapopulation. Wild mainland quokkas breed throughout the year. A significant reduction in the number of births occurs over summer and this coincides with a decline in female body weight. Despite this, the mainland quokka is relatively fecund and is able to wean two offspring per year. The level of recruitment from pouch young to independence was low and this may explain the apparent lack of population increase following the initiation of fox control. A total of 56 trapped quokkas were fitted with a radio collar. Mean home range size for quokkas was 6.39 ha with a core range of 1.21 ha and this was negatively related to population density. Male home ranges were larger than females but not significantly when the sexual size dimorphism was considered. Nocturnal ranges were larger than diurnal ranges reflecting nocturnal departures from the swamp refugia. Home range sizes varied seasonally, probably due to changes in the distance required to move to obtain sufficient nutrients and water over the dry summer compared to the wet winter and spring. Telemetry confirmed trapping results that showed no movement between swamps or populations. Home range centres shifted to the periphery of the swamp following the winter inundation and this may increase the species susceptibility to predation. The lack of dispersal is probably caused by quokka populations existing below carrying capacity and following selection for philopatry under the threat of predation for dispersing individuals. Without dispersal to recolonise or rescue unpopulated patches, the collapse of the original quokka metapopulation appears to have occurred. On a macrohabitat scale, the quokka in the northern jarrah forest is restricted to Agonis swamp shrubland habitats that form in the open, upper reaches of creek systems on the western side of the forest. This restriction was probably initially due to the high water requirements of the quokka but is likely to have been exacerbated by increased predation pressure since the arrival of the fox. On a microhabitat scale, the quokka is a habitat specialist, preferring early seral stage swamp habitats, probably for foraging, as part of a mosaic of old age swamp that provides refuge. Despite the six year old, introduced predator control programme, foxes and cats are still the major cause of mortality to quokkas. Road kills was the other identifiable cause. Individuals alive at the start of the study had an 81% chance of staying alive until the end. The likelihood of dying was minimised by grouping together with conspecifics, maximising home range size and maximising the time spent within the swampy refuge. Current rates of adult and juvenile survivorship should allow population recovery and so it seems pouch young mortality, reflected by low recruitment, has inhibited the anticipated population increase following predator control. The confounding effect of inadequate unbaited controls meant that little statistical evidence was available on the impact of introduced predators on the quokka, however the models provided support for earlier hypotheses of these. The presence of a quokka population at a site was related to the amount of poison baits delivered ??? reflecting predation pressure, the average age of the swamp and a mosaic of early and late seral stages within the swamp habitat. Recently burnt habitat is thought to provide food for quokkas and long unburnt habitat provides refuge from predation.
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Austen, Jill. "Characterisation of native Trypanosomes and other protozoans in the Australian marsupials the Quokka (Setonix brachyurus) and the Gilbert's Potoroo (Potorus gilbertii)." Thesis, Austen, Jill ORCID: 0000-0002-1826-1634 (2015) Characterisation of native Trypanosomes and other protozoans in the Australian marsupials the Quokka (Setonix brachyurus) and the Gilbert's Potoroo (Potorus gilbertii). PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2015. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/31139/.
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Trypanosomes are blood-borne parasites that can cause severe disease in both humans and animals, resulting in very large economic losses worldwide. In contrast to the wealth of information on pathogenic species such as Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei, little is known of the pathogenicity, prevalence and life-cycles of trypanosomes in native Australian mammals. The aim of this thesis was to characterise trypanosomes and other protozoans from the critically endangered Gilbert’s potoroo (Potorous gilbertii) and the quokka (Setonix brachyurus) from Western Australia using morphological and molecular analysis.
A novel Trypanosoma species, Trypanosoma copemani was identified in Gilbert’s potoroos and quokkas using molecular and morphological analysis. Further molecular characterisation of T. copemani in quokkas at both the 18S rRNA and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) loci identified multiple T. copemani genotypes revealing that the parasite is genetically variable. Given the phylogenetic grouping of T. copemani as a stercorarian (requiring faecal transmission by vector), the fact that ticks are common ectoparasites of Gilbert’s potoroos and quokkas and the previous identification of trypanosomes in ticks, ticks were examined as potential vectors of T. copemani. Motile trypanosomes were detected in both the haemolymph and midgut sections of Ixodes australiensis ticks removed from quokkas and Gilbert’s potoroos and stained trypanosomes were detected within a faecal smear. Morphologically, the tick trypanosomes resembled in vitro forms of T. copemani, representing epimastigotes and slender trypomastigote stages, with dividing stages detected within the midgut region. Molecular analysis of the tick isolates, showed 100% sequence identity to T. copemani at the 18S rRNA locus, suggesting that the tick is a putative vector for T. copemani.
Investigation of the life-cycle stages of native Australian trypanosomes using microscopy and in vitro culture of blood from quokkas and Gilbert’s potoroos revealed that native Australian trypanosomes are highly polymorphic, with three different trypomastigote blood stream forms detected within blood films, resembling slender, medium and broad stages. In addition, promastigote, sphaeromastigote and amastigote stages were observed directly within blood films and this is the first report of these stages in the circulatory system of Australian marsupials. Three novel trypanosome life-cycle forms representing an oval form, an extremely thin form and an adherent form were also identified both in vitro and in vivo, while a novel tiny form and a novel circular form were only detected in culture. Trypanosoma vegrandis was also detected for the first time in one quokka isolate (Q1340) and confirmed using species-specific primers.
As tourists and quokkas on Rottnest Island have a close relationship, the zoonotic potential of T. copemani was investigated by determining the relative susceptibility of T. copemani to human serum using the blood incubation infectivity test. Trypanosoma copemani was observed by microscopy in all human blood cultures from day 5 to day 14 post inoculation. The mechanism for normal human serum resistance in T. copemani is not known. The results of this thesis show that at least one native Australian trypanosome species may have the potential to infect humans.
In addition to blood, quokka faecal samples were also collected to investigate the prevalence of Eimeria by PCR screening of faecal samples from three quokka populations, Two Peoples Bay, Bald Island and Rottnest Island, respectively. The PCR prevalence of Eimeria was 62.5%, 85.0% and 78.3% for these three locations respectively. Two Eimeria species were identified based on morphometric analysis from sporulated oocysts, Eimeria quokka and Eimeria setonicis, with the majority of quokkas co-infected with both species. Singular infections, however, were identified in a few individuals allowing molecular analysis to be performed using both the 18S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 genes. Phylogenetic analysis grouped E. quokka and E. setonicis within the Eimeria marsupial clade. This study is the first one to characterise E. quokka and E. setonicis by molecular analyses, enabling more extensive resolution of evolutionary relationships among marsupial-derived Eimeria species.
Overall this study has characterised the novel T. copemani in both the quokka and the Gilbert’s potoroo and has shown T. copemani to be both morphologically and genetically variable. This is a stercorarian trypanosome, transmitted through vector faecal contamination and may potentially be infectious to humans. The findings of this thesis highlight the complexity of Australian trypanosomes and provide insights into the prevalence, potential pathogenicity and human infectivity of this novel parasite. Further research is required to assess the role of trypanosome infection on marsupial population dynamics and the implications for management and conservation.
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Sertis, Steve. "Identification as a motivator of environmentally responsible tourist behaviour." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1996. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/972.
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This study examined the use of information in motivating environmentally responsible behaviour. In light of the ineffectiveness of traditional educational methods that have focussed upon affecting behaviour by changing attitudes through the manipulation of cognitive variables, an attempt was made to produce a sense of identification with the Rottnest Island Quokka using the tripartite model of motivational bases of attitudes developed by Hills (1993 ). This model used to determine whether different kinds of information would produce changes in environmental behaviour. Three groups of tourists were given either no information; factual information, consistent with current educational techniques used to influence behaviour; or identification information designed to produce feelings of identification with the quokka directed at protecting the quokka and its environment. Results indicated that wording the same information differently affected the self-reported motivational bases of behaviour toward the quokkas and their environment. Identification motivations were reportedly higher with tourists given the identification information brochure compared to those given factual or no information. The literature suggests that with heightened identification motivations, instrumental motivations are likely to be reduced. Results offered no support for this argument. Furthermore, behavioural observations indicated that the manipulation did not lead to differences in the behaviour of tourists across the three information groups. Behavioural observations of the interactions between tourists and quokkas highlighted the role of instrumental motivations among tourists. Whilst instrumental motivations should therefore be recognised and incorporated into any educational or environmental strategy aimed at protecting the environment, it is suggested that further research is needed to better understand how alternative motivations, such as one with an identification base, can better promote a valuing of the environment and its fauna for its own sake
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Sterelyukhin, Alex. "Quantitative analysis of quota trading behaviour at the end of the quota year." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2644.
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The Canadian supply management system offers some lessons for the design of a domestic permit trading system. One of the objectives of the domestic trading system is minimizing costs and maximizing the system's efficiency for participants and system administrators. This paper suggests that a permit trading system designed with a longer permit period and without a grace period can be more efficient than a system designed with a shorter permit period and a grace period for compliance. This study is based on Canadian Supply Management System experience and examines the Canadian dairy industry, where two different schemes (monthly and annual) have been used. Under the annual scheme, a strong compliance mechanism stimulates participants to exchange quotas during the dairy year (permit period) and does not require burdensome, non-compliance procedures after the permit period ends. The monthly scheme is characterized by a short permit period and a grace period for compliance. This study examines how these two schemes affect participants' behavior on the quota exchange. The empirical results show evidence of the influence of different schemes on farmers' behaviours regarding the quota exchange. As a conclusion, the paper recommends the use of a permit trading mechanism with a longer permit period and without a grace period for the design of a carbon trading system. The results support Barichello (2002), who developed the Canadian domestic permit trading scheme on the basis of receiving an offset from agricultural soil carbon sinks.
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Goss, Stephen Richard. "Optimising milk production under quota." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388910.
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Sadza, Peter Bernard. "Environmental Hypocrisy--or Environmental Quota?" W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626641.
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Lee, Jungsam. "Flexible quota management using virtual population units /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3160033.
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Urbinati, Simone. "Studio di un generatore eolico d'alta quota." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9917/.
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Hide, Rodney Phillip. "Monopolizing individual transferable quota: theory and evidence." Montana State University, 1992. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/1992/hide/HideR1992.pdf.
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Anderson's (1991) conclusion that fishing firms will never find it profitable to buy Individual Transferable Quota (ITQs) to retire and so raise fish prices depends critically upon restrictive assumptions. In particular, alternative contractual arrangements allow firms to profit by buying and retiring quota. Including stock effects provides the same result. The fear of monopolization following the introduction of ITQs cannot be dismissed theoretically. Whether or not it proves profitable to buy and retire quota to raise fish prices remains an empirical question. In New Zealand ownership of ITQs has not concentrated over time. However, substantial amounts of quota remain uncaught and the amount uncaught correlates strongly and positively with quota concentration. Most of the New Zealand catch is sold in the world market making it unlikely that quota is retired to raise fish prices. It may be that fishing firms are retiring quota to improve fish stocks and so lower fishing costs. The data are consistent with this hypothesis.
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Boas, Andrew, and n/a. "Institutions, cooperation, and the quota management system." University of Otago. Department of Geography, 1994. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070531.130233.
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The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the evolution of New Zealand�s Quota Management System (QMS) for marine fisheries. Analysis is performed using institutional theory and methodology.
A broad review of institutional theory is made. In contrast to neoclassical economic theory, of which institutionalists have been a major voice of dissent, institutionalism stresses a holistic approach to policy analysis. An understanding of the the forces for institutional change and the structure of that change are the primary focus of institutionalism.
An institutional framework for understanding the common pool nature of fishery resources is adopted. This highlights how the physical and technical characteristics of the resource and related decision-making arrangements influence the patterns of human interaction that determine the outcomes of a management regime such as the QMS.
It is shown that the QMS was adopted in 1986 to address the biological crisis that had occurred because of past open access management policies. The fiscal crisis and the economic ideology prevailing at the time were also influential in promoting the QMS. The system was not able to be expanded as was intended because of a series of challenges from Maori disputing the Crown�s right to fishery resources. The Deed of Settlement signed in 1992, has supposedly settled Maori claims to commercial fisheries and allowed expansion of the QMS.
Assessing the QMS using the institutional framework developed, showed the strong influence that neoclassical ideology has played in determining the outcomes achieved. Inadequate information concerning biophysical, social and economic implications of fishing constrain the ability of the QMS to successfully manage the resource. Inconsistencies and inadequacies in the legislation are only just being addressed as part of a comprehensive legislative review process.
The future development of the QMS is also addressed in terms of the likelihood of cooperative common property management regimes being adopted. The common pool nature of the fisheries makes common property management regimes preferable. Cooperative community cultures are claimed by institutionalists to improve the outcomes achieved in common property regimes. There was considered, however, to be only limited potential for cooperation within the current institutional structure for New Zealand�s fisheries. Although the changes of the legislative review appear to be making some progressive changes, the diversity of interest groups and the prevailing western culture are seen as potential impediments to a comprehensive cooperative regime.
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Munetsi, Dennis. "Migration Experiences of Quota refugees in Sweden." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23296.
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This study explores how quota refugees who were resettled from Botswana to Sweden in 2014 experience migration and how these experiences are shaped by opportunities and limitations of refugee mobility rights between resettlement and naturalization. The study is grounded in a qualitative and constructivist methodological framework, and answers the question; how are quota refugees’ migration experiences in Sweden shaped by the opportunities and limitations of refugee mobility rights between resettlement and naturalization? Migration systems theory is used to analyze data gathered through semi-structured interviews. It is argued in this study that refugee migration is more socially motivated than it is economic and data shows that resettlement gives quota refugees mobility rights which in turn provide more opportunities than limitations that positively shape their migration experiences. Data also show that social reasons such as love, marriage and ethnic gatherings are the most dominant reasons why quota refugees travel.
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Freeman, Matthew Alan. "Economic decisions in quota and lecense fishery management plans /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2009. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3378084.
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Oliveira, Ana Isabel Moura Frias de. "O aumento da quota salarial em Portugal : que efeitos?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6350.
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Mestrado em EconomiaDesde o final dos anos 80, a quota salarial tem vindo a diminuir na maioria dos países desenvolvidos. Ao contrário das expectativas neoclássicas e os seus fundamentos teóricos, esta tendência não se tem traduzido em forte crescimento económico nem no aumento do emprego. Estando sob um programa de consolidação orçamental, Portugal enfrenta, há mais de dois anos, uma profunda recessão económica e um empobrecimento generalizado da população. A conjuntura económica, o baixo nível salarial e a elevada desigualdade na distribuição do rendimento exigem, no curto prazo, políticas que aumentem os rendimentos do trabalho e dinamizem o consumo e o mercado interno. Embora o aumento do consumo não seja sustentável no longo-prazo sem o reforço da produção e do investimento produtivo, deverá ser o ponto de partida para uma rápida recuperação económica. Utilizando a metodologia proposta por autores pós-keynesianos, a presente dissertação pretende provar que o aumento marginal da quota salarial tem efeitos positivos do PIB Português.
The wage share has been decreasing in most of developed countries since the late 80’s. Against the neoclassical beliefs and its theoretical background, this trend has not been translated into strong economic growth nor higher employment. Under a fiscal consolidation programme, Portugal has faced economic recession and generalized impoverishment for more than two years. The economic developments in the country, along with low wage level and high inequality in income distribution, demand short-run policies which increase workers’ income and foster consumption and the internal market. Although an increase in consumption cannot be sustainable in long-run without an enhancement of production and productive investment, it should be the root for economic recovery in the short-run. Using the methodology proposed by post-keynesian authors, this dissertation aims to prove that a marginal increase in wage share has positive effects on Portuguese GDP.
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Dahlerup, Drude Freidenvall Anita. "Electoral Gender Quota Systems and Their Implementation in Europe /." Brussels : European Parliament, 2008. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/activities/committees/studies/download.do?file=22091.
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Trioschi, Tiziano. "Studio ed ottimizzazione di un aerogeneratore per alta quota." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/2043/.
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Crociani, Riccardo. "Studio e ottimizzazione di un banco prova per alta quota." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9511/.
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Lindsay, Travis. "Southern Illinois quota zone waterfowl hunters : perceptions and management perspectives /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1203562031&sid=15&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Hatcher, Aaron. "Individual transferable quota markets with non-compliance and market power." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2008. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843978/.
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This thesis presents a theoretical study of the impact of non-compliance and market power in a fishery regulated using individual transferable quotas (ITQs). The study analyses individual firm quota demands in the presence of non-compliance and/or market power and the resultant properties of the ITQ market. The analysis is static and set in a single-species fishery. The implications of non-compliance for a fishery composed entirely of competitive firms are examined first. Here the analysis departs from the convention in the literature on analogous pollution permit markets in that firms' expected penalties are modelled as a function of their relative violations of quotas. This has a significant effect upon the results, including the possibility of quota prices which are higher with non-compliance. The research then focuses on market power in the setting of a single dominant firm faced by a fringe of competitive firms. The dominant firm is allowed market power in the quota market alone and then in both quota and output markets simultaneously. In the latter case the results differ from those previously reported in the literature, including the possibility that the firm may be freely compliant, or if cheating, may have a positive quota demand even with a zero initial quota allocation. Finally, the effects of non-compliance by the dominant firm and the competitive fringe are explored.
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Weeks, Ana Catalano. "Identity and Policymaking: The Policy Impact of Gender Quota Laws." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493419.
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Does politician identity matter to policy outcomes? Political scientists tend to be skeptical of the idea because of the strong role of electoral incentives. Yet the argument for greater diversity in public office often relies upon exactly this claim. To make progress on this question, my dissertation examines the political impact of gender quota laws, which require all parties to include a percentage of women in their candidate lists.
I argue that quotas help overcome a political market failure, whereby group interests are unlikely to be represented in politics if the group faces high barriers to entry and their interests lie off the main left-right (class-based) dimension in politics. Using survey data, I show that the largest gender gap in advanced democracies exists on maternal employment, and it cuts across partisan ties. I evaluate the argument using a mixed methods approach, combining statistical analysis of time series data with qualitative evidence from two matched pair case studies -- Belgium and Austria, and Portugal and Italy. After showing that quota laws are one of the most important determinants of women's descriptive representation, I demonstrate that they also increase both party- and national-level attention to women's preferences. Implementing a quota law increases coverage of women's social policy concerns in manifestos, and raises public spending on child care, which encourages maternal employment. Evidence from case studies suggests that increased numbers of women and rising issue salience after a quota are both important mechanisms linking quotas to policy change.
Overall, the findings provide new insights about when and how politician identity is relevant to policies. Results point towards the importance of descriptive representation particularly when group demands are orthogonal to the left-right dimension. They highlight several ways that quotas, and increased numbers of women, can shift policies even in the context of strong parties.Government
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Nascimento, Aparecida do Ã. do. "A polÃtica de cotas na Universidade Federal do CearÃ: processo de implementaÃÃo e cotistas." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2016. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=17666.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorEste à um trabalho sobre o processo de implantaÃÃo da polÃtica de cotas na Universidade Federal do Cearà â UFC, as discussÃes deram inÃcio em 2005, mas a efetivaÃÃo concretizou-se em 2012, apÃs promulgaÃÃo da Lei n 12.711/2012, que torna a polÃtica obrigatÃria nas InstituiÃÃes Federais de Ensino Superior. O delineamento da investigaÃÃo perpassa por anÃlises de discussÃes originadas no cenÃrio nacional no perÃodo anterior a referida Lei com a finalidade de entender o desdobramento do longo processo de implementaÃÃo dessa polÃtica na UFC e as expectativas com as mudanÃas ocasionadas com a adoÃÃo das cotas. Assim, o objetivo geral da pesquisa à analisar que tipo de mudanÃas relacionadas Ãs desigualdades de acesso dos estudantes foram impulsionadas com a implantaÃÃo da polÃtica de cotas, sobretudo no que se refere ao perfil socioeconÃmico e cultural dos discentes dos cursos de maior concorrÃncia e alto prestÃgio social. O referido estudo tambÃm inclui contribuiÃÃes importantes a cerca do grau de satisfaÃÃo dos discentes com o curso, do rendimento acadÃmico e do relacionamento com os colegas de turma. Para isso, a pesquisa contempla os seguintes objetivos especÃficos: 1) Discutir o processo de instituiÃÃo de polÃticas de aÃÃo afirmativa nos processos seletivos das InstituiÃÃes de Ensino Superior brasileira e seu impacto registrado em pesquisas jà realizadas; 2) Analisar o processo de discussÃo sobre implantaÃÃo de cotas na UFC; 3) A partir de uma amostragem de cursos da UFC, investigar o perfil socioeconÃmico e cultural dos estudantes; 4) Analisar de forma comparativa cotista e nÃo cotista no interior dos cursos selecionados. As informaÃÃes para a pesquisa sÃo resultados de acesso a fontes documentais, como ATA e relatÃrios, intensa pesquisa empÃrica com coleta de dados primÃrios.
This is a work on the implementation process of the quota policy at the Federal University of Cearà - UFC, discussions began in 2005, but the execution materialized in 2012, after enactment of Law No. 12,711 / 2012, which makes policy compulsory in Federal Institutions of Higher Education. The design of runs through research by discussions analysis originated on the national scene in the period prior to this Law in order to understand the unfolding of the long process of implementation of this policy in the UFC and expectations with the changes brought about by the adoption of quotas. Thus, the overall objective of the research is to analyze what kind of changes related to student access inequalities were boosted with the implementation of the quota policy, particularly as regards the socio-economic and cultural profile of the students of the most competitive courses and high prestige social. The study also includes important contributions about the degree of satisfaction of students with the course, academic performance and relationships with classmates. For this, the research includes the following specific objectives: 1) Discuss the process of affirmative action institution in selection processes of Brazilian Higher Education Institutions and its impact recorded in previous studies; 2) Analyze the process of discussion on implementation of quotas in the UFC; 3) From a sample of UFC courses, investigate the socioeconomic and cultural profile of the students; 4) Analyze comparatively student quota and no student quota within the selected courses. The information for the survey are the result of access to documentary sources, such as ATA and reports, intense empirical research with primary data collection.
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Coyle, Nelson. "Quota values and investment decisions of dairy farmers : a Delphi application." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55699.
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Hasan, Mohammad Babul. "Optimization of Production Planning for a Quota-Based Integrated Commercial Fishery." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Management, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/873.
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A quota-based integrated commercial fishery owns fishing trawlers, processing plants, and fish quotas. Such a fishery must decide how to schedule trawlers for fishing and landing, how to schedule processing of products, how to schedule labour for processing, and how to plan inventory of raw materials and products. This problem is of great economic significance to New Zealand, whose economy depends to a large extent on the fishery industry. To assist the fishery manager, we develop a mixed integer linear program (MILP) for optimal scheduling of fishing trawlers, production planning (processing) and labour allocation for a quota-based integrated fishery of New Zealand. The model decides when and where each trawler should go for fishing, how much fish each trawler should land, and how much product to produce in each period. Since the fishery is a private farm, its main objective will be profit maximization (or cost minimization if its demand is on contract). The government manages the conservation of fish through the quota allocation. In this thesis the objective of the fishery model is to maximise the total profit. We demonstrate our model with examples based on data from a major New Zealand fishery. We investigate ways to manage the uncertainties involved in trawler scheduling and production planning of the fishery. To manage end-of-planning-horizon effects in the fishery, we develop a simple safety stock approach. We also analyse the workability of a rolling horizon approach to solve the longer planning horizon models and to deal with the end-of-planning horizon effects. We investigate the effect of initial and final position of the trawlers on the profit. We also investigated many different challenging data sets to observe the impact on the effectiveness of our IFPM. The second objective of this thesis is to develop an efficient solution procedure for the MILP, named integrated fishery planning model (IFPM). The IFPM consists of a fishing subproblem, a processing subproblem, and complicating side constraints. We have tried techniques including LP relaxation, Lagrangean relaxation (LR), Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition (DWD) and decomposition-based pricing (DBP). We develop a new DBP method to solve the IFPM. It gives excellent computation times. We also develop a decomposition-based O'Neill pricing (DBONP) method to improve the solution obtained from DBP procedure. It improves the DBP solutions but takes longer time to solve the IFPM. Finally, we develop a simple and efficient reduced cost-based pricing (RCBP) method. It takes less time to solve the IFPM and yields excellent results. The initial formulations for several planning horizons are solved using the AMPL modelling language and CPLEX with branch and bound. Relevant results and computational difficulties are reported.
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Chan, Tung-wai, and 陳棟偉. "An analysis of the textile quota control system in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31964400.
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Tam, Oi-lan, and 譚愛蘭. "The quota and points system of Hong Kong's public rental housing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207659.
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Prior to 1985, individuals were generally not allowed to apply for public rental housing (PRH) on their own. In 1985, in order to response to the demand from the elderly and those affected by redevelopment or living in temporary housing areas, the restriction was released.
The release of restriction attracts many one-person households to apply PRH. In 1989/90, applicants of age 18 to 24 occupied 4% of the newly registered Waiting List (WL) One-person Applications. But in 2004/05, the age group 18 to 24 applicants occupy 21% of the newly registered applications (Hong Kong Housing Authority, Housing Subsidised Committee SHC 58/2005, p.1 of Annex B).
The Hong Kong Housing Authority found that the sharp increase number of Non-elderly One-person Applicants has adversely impacted to the 3 years rehousing performance pledge. It started to address the housing priority problem through the introduction of Quota and Points System (QPS) in September 2005. The Points System is based on two factors to assign points – the age of the applicant and whether the applicant is a PRH tenant or not. The priority of Non-elderly One-person WL applicants will be determined according to the points received. The more points the Applicant scores, the top priority and the earlier the Applicant will be offered a flat, subject to the fulfillment of all the other PRH eligibility criteria. Housing Authority sets an annual quota for Non-elderly One-person Applicants.
This study aims at reviewing and evaluating the equitable issue of QPS. Equity is to ensure fairness of treatment between households. QPS is an important policy to rationalize housing priority to the Non-elderly One-person Applicants under scarce public housing resources.
This study approaches the equity issue from both a theoretical analysis and a qualitative measurement by questionnaire survey. Based on various literature reviews, the concept of justice, equity, equality and housing needs are elaborated in theoretical analysis. Also, the experience of public housing application in some developed countries is described. The Points System of developed countries and Fordham’s suitability test are taken into account on setting of questionnaire.
Most of the findings under theoretical analysis are agreed with the findings from the questionnaire survey. This study focuses on analysis in equity issue of QPS and to suggest recommendations to improve the equity among applicants.published_or_final_version
Housing Management
Master
Master of Housing Management
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Dunn, Matthew Richard. "The exploitation of selected non-quota species in the English Channel." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301983.
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Gidlund, Alexander, and Tommy Lund. "The Norwegian Gender Quota Law and its Effects on Corporate Boards." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-137476.
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This paper has examined which medium-term effects the Norwegian gender quota law has had on corporate boards listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2015. Wehave studied the gender quota law’s impact on different corporate board factors, such as board composition, the number of directorships held, basic remuneration, board size, andthe age of directors. Further, we also compared the gender quota law’s effects on these factors with similar studies made in earlier periods. The reason for that is to recognise whether there is a tendency of convergence over time. The study have been conducted using a quantitative approach by gathering information from mostly annual reports. Since, this is a comparative study, we will be using the same methods as previous researchers. These methods are arithmetic averages and standard deviations. We have also included some other methods to strengthen the results, such as geometric average, median, correlations, and significance test. The results of our research show that the number of directorships held by female directors decreased in both absolute numbers as well as in averages and dispersion. Remuneration for female directors increased. However, it diverged with male directors. The average board size did not remain significantly constant over time. We also found that the average age of board directors both increase and converges between the genders. We also believed that the proportion of female directors was depended on the firm’s board size, which the results showed was an incorrect assumption. This paper has applied an overarching theory called contingency theory. Further, other complementary theories within the area of corporate governance have also been used such as stakeholder theory, agency theory, and resource dependency theory. When analysing the results from this paper, there were too many plausible and contrasting theoretical explanations for why the various outcomes occurred. Therefore, we do not believe that the existing theoretical frameworks available are appropriate to explain how the gender quota law will impact corporate boards. The main contribution of this study is the results that show how both female and maledirectors’ average age and directorships held are converging over the observed period. Also, that the gender quota law has enabled female directors to gain more experience, which has led to a higher proportion of female directors.
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Chan, Tung-wai. "An analysis of the textile quota control system in Hong Kong." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13762163.
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Feng, Chenpeng. "A study on DEA-based environmental performance evaluation and quota allocation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLE028/document.
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Les problèmes environnementaux attire depuis longtemps l’attention du milieu académique. Cette thèse porte sur l’évaluation de la performance environnementale et l’allocation des quotas, deux problématiques importantes des problèmes environnementaux. Nous faisons appel à l’analyse d’enveloppement des données (data envelopment analysis (DEA) en anglais) qui est un outil de programmation mathématique connu pour évaluer l’efficacité des groupes de décideurs - DMUs (decision making units). Plus précisément, les modèles à gain total nul (zero sum gains (ZSG) en anglais), les modèles centralisés et à frontière uniforme sont des techniques souvent utilisées pour l’évaluation de la performance environnementale et l’allocation des quotas. En revanche, les modèles ZSG-DEA existants sont non linéaires, ce qui engendre des goulets d’étranglement dans l’application réelle. En outre, l’approche à frontière uniforme proposée par Gomes and Lins (2008) ne s’applique qu’au cas avec une sortie indésirable unique de la technologie de production et sous l’hypothèse de rendements d’échelle variables (variable returns-to-scale (VRS) en anglais). De plus elle ne peut pas prendre en compte l’intérêt global des DMUs, tandis que les modèles centralisés se concentrent uniquement sur l’intérêt global et ignorent les intérêts individuels.Cette thèse présente nos trois contributions principales sur ces deux sujets. Le premier travail (chapitre 3) met l’accent sur l’évaluation de la performance environnementale. Les modèles ZSG-DEA existants sont transformés pour la première fois en modèles linéaires ou linéaires paramétrés grâce à des propriétés analytiques. Ensuite, les modèles linéarisés sont adoptés pour évaluer la performance environnementale de 30 régions chinoises. Le deuxième travail présenté dans le chapitre 4 traite l’allocation des quotas de sorties indésirables en tenant compte des intérêts individuels. Le chapitre 5 traite le même sujet mais prend en compte en même temps les intérêts globaux et les intérêts individuels. Deux modèles ZSG-DEA améliorés sous les hypothèses VRS et CRS (constant returns-to-scale, ou rendements d’échelle constants) sont proposés dans le chapitre 4 pour surmonter l’infaisabilité des modèles existant dans la littérature. Comme la frontière uniforme joue un rôle important dans l’allocation des ressources, en nous basant sur les propriétés analytiques que nous démontrons, nous proposons un algorithme itératif pour calculer le plan d’allocation de quotas lorsque tous les DMUs forment une frontière uniforme. Ensuite, l’algorithme est testé avec une étude empirique sur l’allocation des trois types de déchets industriels parmi 30 régions chinoises. Enfin, le chapitre 5 développe une méthode innovante à deux étapes pour l’attribution de la réduction des émissions de carbone (carbon emission abatement (CEA) en anglais). La méthode proposée est appliquée pour l’attribution de CEAs parmi les pays de l’OCDEThe environmental problems have drawn academia’s attention for a long time. This thesis focuses on environmental performance evaluation and quota allocation, which are two crucial issues of the environmental problems. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming tool to evaluate the relative efficiencies of decision making units (DMUs). Specifically, the techniques such as zero sum gains (ZSG) DEA models, centralized DEA models and the uniform frontier are used in environmental performance evaluation and quota allocation. Nevertheless, the ZSG-DEA models in the literature are nonlinear ones, which bring up bottlenecks in real application. In addition, the uniform frontier proposed by Gomes and Lins (2008) can only allocate single undesirable output under variable returns-to-scale (VRS) assumption and it pays no attention to the overall interest, while the centralized models merely concentrate on the overall interest and ignore individual ones.This thesis mainly consists of three works about two topics. The first topic (Chapter 3) focuses on environmental performance evaluation. For the first time, the existing ZSG-DEA models are transformed into linear or parametric linear ones through objective substitution and analytical properties. Then the linearized models are adopted to evaluate the environmental efficiencies of 30 administrative regions in China. The second topic focuses on quota allocation of undesirable outputs with consideration of the individual interests (Chapter 4) or the overall and individual interests (Chapter 5). Two improved ZSG-DEA models under VRS and constant returns-to-scale (CRS) assumptions are proposed to overcome the infeasibility of the existing models. As the uniform frontier plays an important role in resource allocation, based on the analyses of models’ properties, an iterative algorithm is devised to calculate the quota allocation plan when all the DMUs form a uniform frontier. Then the algorithm is tested by an empirical study of allocating the quotas of three industrial wastes for 30 administrative regions in China. Finally, Chapter 5 develops a novel two-step method of allocating carbon emissions abatement (CEA). In the empirical example, the proposed method is applied to the CEAs allocation for the countries in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
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Alaoui, Oussama. "Trade policy simulation and welfare analysis using a partial equilibrium model : the case of bovine meat in Morocco." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/785.
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Maqina, Bandile Chumani. "Impact of an increase of the local content quota on radio broadcasters." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020594.
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With the ever growing disenfranchisement of musicians and artist in the in ability of government entities to enforce stricter and favourable music quota which aim to increase the consumption of local music by increasing the current music quota as it stands from 25 percent to at least 60 percent for commercial radio, with more and more musicians calling for an increase in the current quota. In an open letter to the then Minister of Arts and Culture, Mr Pallo Jordan from the South African Music Quota Committee (SAMQC) (Oct 2007) they voiced their concerns: “The SA content quota of 25 percent for commercial radio is not only too low, it is also often meaningless, because The Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (ICASA) allows stations to include gig guides, interviews and promotions as part of their local quota. You state, and we agree, that “cultural industries are serious business”. The structures protecting the national interest in iron, minerals, fishing, sport and many other areas are strongly enforced and defended here in South Africa. Why not our music?” More initiatives such as the “Play Local of Die” campaign whose aim is to urge commercial broadcasters to increase their local content with regards to commercial radios stations playlist was launched by South African Hip Hop artist commonly known as JR (Real Name: JR Bogopa) to further exhibit the South African musicians plight in how pivotal it is to their careers and overall financial well-being that the current quota be raised significantly. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of local content quota on domestic radio broadcasters in South Africa. The population for this study included 100 radio station which broadcast in the republic of South Africa. The response rate for the e-mail questionnaire was 100 percent of the 100 respondents. A Likert-type scale instrument consisted of 39 questions divided into two sections: Section one looked at the demographic profile of the respondents and section two focused on getting responses on the factors impacting local content quotaand domestic broadcasters, namely local content quota, implications for domestic broadcasters, revenue streams, impact on local musicians, governments role in local content quota, success factors, globalisation and piracy. In order to realise the purpose of this study, the following research design was used: Step 1 A literature review was conducted to determine the various factors impacting local artists, local broadcasters and local content quota. Step 2 A questionnaire was composed according to the principles and guidelines in steps 1. Step 3 Empirical data was obtained with the aid of an e-mail survey. Step 4 The results of the data were analysed and interpreted. Step 5 The empirical results were integrated with Step 3. Step 6 Conclusions and recommendations were completed. The main findings from the study were: The study revealed that the radio industry is not unanimous in the call from artists for government to increase the local content quota and thus prefer that the current status quo continue. That local content quota are not the only way to curb the South African music industry‟s woes, artists should seek to maximise their revenue by exploiting the infinite avenues for revenue that globalisation avails.
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Hasan, Muhammed Rizvi. "Quota based access-control for Hops : Improving cluster utilization with Hops-YARN." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-195647.
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YARN is the resource management framework for Hadoop, and is, in many senses, the modern operating system for the data center. YARN clusters are running at organizations such as Yahoo!, Spotify, and Twitter with clusters of up to 3500 nodes being reported in the literature. To harness the power of so many nodes and manage them efficiently YARN is required to fulfill the requirements like scalability, serviceability, multitenancy, reliability, high cluster utilization, secure and auditable operation. Currently, YARN supports three different schedulers for prioritizing the allocation of resources (CPU, memory) to applications. Existing schedulers have a broken incentive model for popular frameworks like Apache Spark and Apache Flink where applications have gang-scheduling semantics, that is, they need all nodes to be available before they can start work. Users are incentivized to launch and hog their resources, as there may be a substantial delay (in Spotify, up to 1 hour) in getting 100 or more nodes allocated to your application. Users are not penalized for hogging resources. Capacity scheduler is one of the schedulers that has been used as a default scheduler in YARN which is quite good in sharing resources among tenants with a degree of guaranteed resource availability. Still there is room for improvements. In this thesis, we propose the design and implementation of a new system called Quota-based access control system that will work as a layer over capacity scheduler for Hops-YARN, a project developed on Apache YARN. Quota-based access control system involves allocating a quota of resources to projects. A project consists of a number of users who manage a number of data sets and is taken from a new frontend for Hadoop called HopsWorks, (www.hops.io). Project members can spend part of their quota to launch and run applications. In contrast to existing schedulers, our control system will incentivize users for not launching unnecessary applications or hog resources. In this work we also have analyzed the operational model of the scheduler including Quota-based access control system with different application scheduling scenarios. We also have investigated the failure scenarios which includes network partition and failure of different components of YARN and analyzed the consequence of the failure on the scheduling operation. Finally, we have proposed some future improvements for this scheduling system.
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Dolphin, Maureen Anne Margaret. "The effects of policy events on quota values, a time series analysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ34352.pdf.
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Frizzell, Tabitha Jane. "Maximum affordable quota prices, concepts and scenarios for the Ontario dairy industry." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ56325.pdf.
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Zamfirescu-Pereira, John Dalbert. "Measuring the performance of a Distributed Quota Enforcement system for spam control." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37095.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-72).
In this thesis, I evaluate Distributed Quota Enforcement (DQE), a system for enforcing quotas on e-mail use as a spam control mechanism. I briefly describe the design and implementation of DQE, and then evaluate the enforcer's performance in several ways. My evaluation includes: the capacity of a single node; how the enforcer scales with added nodes; how well the enforcer tolerates faults; the relationship between the enforcer's size and time to respond (request latency); and the impact of globally distributing the enforcer's nodes. Salient features of the evaluation include: an enforcer composed to a few thousand high-end PCs can handle the world's current e-mail volume; the enforcer is resistant to failures: even with 20% of its nodes down, stamps are reused on average only 1.5 times; the main bottleneck in the enforcer's performance is disk seeks.
by John Dalbert Zamfirescu-Pereira.
M.Eng.
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Albuquerque, Maria Teresa Porto Rodrigues de. "An analysis of the quota-share of ICMS of municipalities of CearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4158.
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nÃo hÃIn order to create incentives for the development policies in the fields of education, health and the environment, 14.023 state law of December 17, 2007 changed the criteria of the 12.612/96 law, which dealt with the allocation of resources from ICMS to the municipalities of CearÃ. This change in the legislation resulted in major changes in one of the main sources of revenue for municipalities in CearÃ. To evaluate the effect of these changes on municipal finances, this work discusses the government transfers in the context of fiscal federalism, analyzing the importance of this institution for the development of the country. The impacts of short-term change of the legislation into the accounts of municipalities are analyzed, noting which of them have benefited and which have lost resources and, at the same time, are investigated the factors that influenced this result.
Objetivando criar incentivos para as polÃticas de desenvolvimento da educaÃÃo, saÃde e meio ambiente, a lei estadual 14.023, de 17 de dezembro de 2007, alterou os critÃrios da lei 12.612/96 que versava sobre a repartiÃÃo dos recursos do ICMS para os municÃpios do CearÃ. Esta alteraÃÃo na legislaÃÃo implicou em importantes mudanÃas em uma das principais fontes de receitas dos municÃpios cearenses. No sentido de avaliar o efeito destas mudanÃas sobre as finanÃas municipais, o presente trabalho discute as transferÃncias governamentais no contexto do federalismo fiscal, analisando a importÃncia desta instituiÃÃo para o desenvolvimento do paÃs. SÃo analisados os impactos de curto prazo da alteraÃÃo da legislaÃÃo nas contas dos municÃpios, observando quais deles se beneficiaram e quais perderam recursos, assim como averiguar os fatores que influenciaram este resultado.
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Sharma, I. Prakash Carleton University Dissertation Economics. "Import quota and product quality; the case of the Canadian clothing industry." Ottawa, 1992.
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Vanbrook, Casimir. "The determinants of the price of quota : the textile clothing and footwear sectors of the Australian economy 1982 to 1986. The case of footwear quota categories 215 and 216 /." Title page, contents, introduction and outline only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EC/09eci93.pdf.
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NASCIMENTO, Aparecida do Ó. do. "A política de cotas na Universidade Federal do Ceará: processo de implementação e cotistas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/19697.
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NASCIMENTO, Aparecida do Ó do. A política de cotas na Universidade Federal do Ceará: processo de implementação e cotistas. 2016. 148f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2016.Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2016-09-22T17:37:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_aonascimento.pdf: 1241556 bytes, checksum: 9cd55a8fd149fe447b31a23c9ec3d2d7 (MD5)
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This is a work on the implementation process of the quota policy at the Federal University of Ceará - UFC, discussions began in 2005, but the execution materialized in 2012, after enactment of Law No. 12,711 / 2012, which makes policy compulsory in Federal Institutions of Higher Education. The design of runs through research by discussions analysis originated on the national scene in the period prior to this Law in order to understand the unfolding of the long process of implementation of this policy in the UFC and expectations with the changes brought about by the adoption of quotas. Thus, the overall objective of the research is to analyze what kind of changes related to student access inequalities were boosted with the implementation of the quota policy, particularly as regards the socio-economic and cultural profile of the students of the most competitive courses and high prestige social. The study also includes important contributions about the degree of satisfaction of students with the course, academic performance and relationships with classmates. For this, the research includes the following specific objectives: 1) Discuss the process of affirmative action institution in selection processes of Brazilian Higher Education Institutions and its impact recorded in previous studies; 2) Analyze the process of discussion on implementation of quotas in the UFC; 3) From a sample of UFC courses, investigate the socioeconomic and cultural profile of the students; 4) Analyze comparatively student quota and no student quota within the selected courses. The information for the survey are the result of access to documentary sources, such as ATA and reports, intense empirical research with primary data collection.
Este é um trabalho sobre o processo de implantação da política de cotas na Universidade Federal do Ceará – UFC, as discussões deram início em 2005, mas a efetivação concretizou-se em 2012, após promulgação da Lei nº 12.711/2012, que torna a política obrigatória nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior. O delineamento da investigação perpassa por análises de discussões originadas no cenário nacional no período anterior a referida Lei com a finalidade de entender o desdobramento do longo processo de implementação dessa política na UFC e as expectativas com as mudanças ocasionadas com a adoção das cotas. Assim, o objetivo geral da pesquisa é analisar que tipo de mudanças relacionadas às desigualdades de acesso dos estudantes foram impulsionadas com a implantação da política de cotas, sobretudo no que se refere ao perfil socioeconômico e cultural dos discentes dos cursos de maior concorrência e alto prestígio social. O referido estudo também inclui contribuições importantes a cerca do grau de satisfação dos discentes com o curso, do rendimento acadêmico e do relacionamento com os colegas de turma. Para isso, a pesquisa contempla os seguintes objetivos específicos: 1) Discutir o processo de instituição de políticas de ação afirmativa nos processos seletivos das Instituições de Ensino Superior brasileira e seu impacto registrado em pesquisas já realizadas; 2) Analisar o processo de discussão sobre implantação de cotas na UFC; 3) A partir de uma amostragem de cursos da UFC, investigar o perfil socioeconômico e cultural dos estudantes; 4) Analisar de forma comparativa cotista e não cotista no interior dos cursos selecionados. As informações para a pesquisa são resultados de acesso a fontes documentais, como ATA e relatórios, intensa pesquisa empírica com coleta de dados primários.
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Sandholm, Thomas. "Managing Service Levels in Grid Computing Systems : Quota Policy and Computational Market Approaches." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, NADA, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4346.
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We study techniques to enforce and provision differentiated service levels in Computational Grid systems. The Grid offers simplified provisioning of peak-capacity for applications with computational requirements beyond local machines and clusters, by sharing resources across organizational boundaries. Current systems have focussed on access control, i.e., managing who is allowed to run applications on remote sites. Very little work has been done on providing differentiated service levels for those applications that are admitted. This leads to a number of problems when scheduling jobs in a fair and efficient way. For example, users with a large number of long-running jobs could starve out others, both intentionally and non-intentionally. We investigate the requirements of High Performance Computing (HPC) applications that run in academic Grid systems, and propose two models of service-level management. Our first model is based on global real-time quota enforcement, where projects are granted resource quota, such as CPU hours, across the Grid by a centralized allocation authority. We implement the SweGrid Accounting System to enforce quota allocated by the Swedish National Allocations Committee in the SweGrid production Grid, which connects six Swedish HPC centers. A flexible authorization policy framework allows provisioning and enforcement of two different service levels across the SweGrid clusters; high-priority and low-priority jobs. As a solution to more fine-grained control over service levels we propose and implement a Grid Market system, using a market-based resource allocator called Tycoon. The conclusion of our research is that although the Grid accounting solution offers better service level enforcement support than state-of-the-art production Grid systems, it turned out to be complex to set the resource price and other policies manually, while ensuring fairness and efficiency of the system. Our Grid Market on the other hand sets the price according to the dynamic demand, and it is further incentive compatible, in that the overall system state remains healthy even in the presence of strategic users.
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Centeno, Maria de Lourdes Caracas. "Some theoretical aspects of combinations of quota-share and non-proportional reinsurance treaties." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1990.
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Centeno, Maria de Lourdes Caraças. "Some theorical aspects of combinations of quota-share and non-proportional reinsure treaties." Doctoral thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21218.
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Frazier, Merav. "Gender, quota laws, and the struggles of women's social movements in Latin America." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002499.
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Frazier, Merav. "Gender, Quota Laws, and the Struggles of Women’s Social Movements in Latin America." Scholar Commons, 2008. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/252.
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Assuming gender neutrality in comparative analysis, i.e. not including either explicit or implicit references to a particular gender or sex, runs the risk of camouflaging the unequal distribution of political power, economic influence, and political access for men and women. Unfortunately, in assuming such neutrality, one is blinded to the inherent flaws of political systems, the inequalities they create, and their lack of consideration of gender and women's rights. To counteract this inequality between the sexes, women's social movements are fighting to create gender awareness and establish formal policies that place them at the same level as their male counterparts, and feminist ideals are slowly becoming more prominent. As in other regions, in Latin America, quota laws have been established as affirmative action-type mechanisms that are meant to create a balance in view of the inequalities women face in ascending to political office. My study focuses on whether or not quota laws have increased women's presence in Latin American political legislatures and if they have met the intended objectives by the women's social movements that advocated for them. My results indicate that quota laws have not worked in every Latin American country to dramatically increase women's presence in politics. The literature also suggests that quota laws have not entirely been able to produce the desired outcomes as proposed by women's social movements in the region. I also address the question of what has made quota laws successful in some countries, yet not in others. My research indicates that the effectiveness of quota laws depends on how they are drafted and implemented, that is if institutions have effectively been altered and if the government is taking specific measures to ensure that the law is being enforced. Since women have not been able to rely on the good faith of the political parties to determine their entry to positions of public authority, traditional procedures for candidate selection have been in need of alteration. I conclude that if quota laws are not customized to a country's electoral system and applied meticulously by political parties, they will hardly produce any results for women.
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Baker, Kerryn. "The meanings of success in gender quota campaigns in the Pacific Islands region." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149825.
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Sintoni, Samuele. "Studio e ottimizzaziore di un dispositivo per variare la quota in banchi prova terrestri." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9493/.
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Lee, Yuk-kei Angela, and 李玉琪. "The textiles quota system in Hong Kong: a study of efficient allocation under rationing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209270.
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Hayward, Matt. "The ecology of the quokka (Setonix brachyurus) (Macropodidae:Marsupialia) in the northern jarrah forest of Australia." 2002. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/%7Ethesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20030325.154836/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of New South Wales, 2002.Title from PDF title page (viewed Sept. 19, 2007). Made available through Australian Digital Theses Program. Includes bibliographical references.
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Hayward, Matt. "The ecology of the quokka (Setonix brachyurus) (Macropodidae: Marsupialia) in the Northern Jarrah Forest of Australia /." 2002. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20030325.154836/index.html.
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