Academic literature on the topic 'Quito basin'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Quito basin.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Quito basin"
1
Pacheco, D., E. D. Mercerat, F. Courboulex, L. F. Bonilla, A. Laurendeau, and A. Alvarado. "Profiling the Quito basin (Ecuador) using seismic ambient noise." Geophysical Journal International 228, no. 2 (October 11, 2021): 1419–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab408.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARY Quito, the capital of Ecuador, with more than 2.5 M inhabitants, is exposed to a high seismic hazard due to its proximity to the Pacific subduction zone and active crustal faults, both capable of generating significant earthquakes. Furthermore, the city is located in an intermontane piggy-back basin prone to seismic wave amplification. To understand the basin’s seismic response and characterize its geological structure, 20 broad and medium frequency band seismic stations were deployed in Quito’s urban area between May 2016 and July 2018 that continuously recorded ambient seismic noise. We first compute horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios to determine the resonant frequency distribution in the entire basin. Secondly, we cross-correlate seismic stations operating simultaneously to retrieve interstations surface-wave Green’s functions in the frequency range of 0.1–2 Hz. We find that Love waves travelling in the basin’s longitudinal direction (NNE–SSW) show much clearer correlograms than those from Rayleigh waves. We then compute Love wave phase-velocity dispersion curves and invert them in conjunction with the HVSR curves to obtain shear-wave velocity profiles throughout the city. The inversions highlight a clear difference in the basin’s structure between its northern and southern parts. In the centre and northern areas, the estimated basin depth and mean shear-wave velocity are about 200 m and 1800 ms−1, respectively, showing resonance frequency values between 0.6 and 0.7 Hz. On the contrary, the basement’s depth and shear-wave velocity in the southern part are about 900 m and 2500 ms−1, having a low resonance frequency value of around 0.3 Hz. This difference in structure between the centre-north and the south of the basin explains the spatial distribution of low-frequency seismic amplifications observed during the Mw 7.8 Pedernales earthquake in April 2016 in Quito.
2
Gierhake, Klaus, and Arturo Curiel. "Creative Cities in the Pacific Basin of Latin American - North Latitude 0-20° (Quito-Guadalajara)." México y la Cuenca del Pacífico 6, no. 16 (January 1, 2017): 51–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/mycp.v6i16.521.
Full text
3
Laurendeau, Aurore, Françoise Courboulex, Luis Fabian Bonilla, Alexandra Alvarado, Victor Alfonso Naya, Philippe Guéguen, E. Diego Mercerat, et al. "Low‐Frequency Seismic Amplification in the Quito Basin (Ecuador) Revealed by Accelerometric Recordings of the RENAC Network." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 107, no. 6 (October 24, 2017): 2917–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120170134.
Full text
4
Courboulex, Francoise, David Alejandro Castro-Cruz, Aurore Laurendeau, Luis Fabian Bonilla, Alexandra Alvarado, and Etienne Bertrand. "Ground motion simulations in Quito (Ecuador) due to major earthquakes from the subduction zone." Geophysical Journal International 229, no. 3 (February 4, 2022): 2192–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggac044.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARY In 1906, an earthquake with a magnitude estimated between Mw 8.4 and 8.8 occurred in the subduction zone along the coast of Ecuador and Colombia. This earthquake caused extensive damage on the coast but had a rather small impact on the capital city of Quito, situated 180 km away. At that time, the city of Quito extended over a small area with a few thousand inhabitants, while today it stretches over 40 km and has a population of over 3 million, with most of the city built without paraseismic regulations. The aim of this study is to obtain new insights on the impact that large earthquakes from the subduction zone would have on the city today. This question is crucial since we know that the city of Quito is prone to site effects and that the southern part of the city amplifies seismic waves at low frequencies, around 0.3–0.4 Hz. In April 2016, an Mw 7.8 earthquake occurred on the subduction interface in the Pedernales area. This event was the first large earthquake in the city of Quito to be well recorded by 13 stations of the permanent accelerometric network (RENAC). In this study, we take advantage of this data set (main shock and large aftershock recordings) to (1) test an empirical Green's function blind simulation approach where the input stress drop is taken from a global catalogue of source time functions, (2) compare the synthetic accelerograms and ground motion values we obtain for an Mw 7.8 earthquake with the actual recordings of the Pedernales earthquake and then (3) simulate larger earthquakes of Mw 8.2 and 8.5 from the subduction zone. For Mw 7.8 simulations, our approach allows a good reproduction of the ground motions in the whole frequency bands and properly takes into account site effects. For Mw 8.2 and 8.5 simulations, we obtain for the stations in the southern part of the basin, larger values at low frequencies than the predicted motion given by ground motion models. These values, although high, should be supported by new or recent buildings if they are constructed respecting the building code that applies in Quito. Therefore, for this type of strong but distant earthquake, the seismic standards appear to be well suited and it is imperative to ensure that they are well considered in the design of the new buildings to be constructed, especially in the southern part of the expanding city.
5
Tollner, Ernest W., and Kyle R. Douglas-Mankin. "International Watershed Technology: Improving Water Quality and Quantity at the Local, Basin, and Regional Scales." Transactions of the ASABE 60, no. 6 (2017): 1915–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12687.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. This article introduces the five papers in the “International Watershed Technology” collection. These papers were selected from 60 technical presentations at the fifth biennial ASABE 21st Century Watershed Technology Conference and Workshop: Improving the Quality of Water Resources at Local, Basin, and Regional Scales, held in Quito, Ecuador, on 3-9 December 2016. The conference focused on solving spatial and temporal water quality and quantity problems and addressed topics such as watershed management in developing countries, aquatic ecology and ecohydrology, ecosystem services, climate change mitigation strategies, flood forecasting, remote sensing, and water resource policy and management. While diverse, the presentation topics reflected the continuing evolution of the “data mining” and “big data” themes of past conferences related to geospatial data applications, with increasing emphasis on practical solutions. The papers selected for this collection represent applications of spatial data analyses toward practical ends with a theme of “tools and techniques for sustainability.” The papers address a range of topics, including the matching of crops with water availability, and assessing the environmental impacts of agricultural production. The papers identify some of the latest tools and techniques for improving sustainability in watershed resource management that are relevant to both developing and developed countries. Keywords: Data mining, Modeling, Research, Sustainability, Water quality, Water supply.
6
PROVENZANO R., FRANCISCO, and RAMIRO BARRIGA-SALAZAR. "Species of Ancistrus (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from Ecuador, with the description of a new species from the Amazon River Basin." Zootaxa 4527, no. 2 (December 4, 2018): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4527.2.4.
Full textAbstract:
To elucidate the species of the genus Ancistrus that inhabit freshwater systems of Ecuador, cataloged lots of the Fish Collection, Museo de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional (MEPN), in Quito, were analyzed. Four species were identified: Ancistrus alga (Cope, 1872), A. malacops (Cope, 1872), A. clementinae Rendahl, 1937, and a new species that herein is described. Ancistrus clementinae inhabits aquatic systems of the Pacific slope, mostly in the Guayas River drainage. The other three species live in freshwater systems that drain to the Amazon River Basin. Ancistrus alga inhabit the northern and central portions of eastern Ecuador. Ancistrus malacops has a broad distribution from north to south, but is absent from the Santiago River. Both species occasionally live in sympatry. The new species is restricted to the Santiago River, in Morona-Santiago province. Each species has unique external morphological features and/or a coloration pattern that allow unambiguous identification, at least of males. This paper provides a description of the new species, and a re-description and images of the other three.
7
Bracchi, P., F. J. Torrijo, A. Boix, M. Cruz Cabrera, and D. Giordanelli. "URBAN AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL ALERT ON THE MORPHOCLIMATIC RISK AFFECTING QUITO’S WORLD HERITAGE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-M-1-2020 (July 24, 2020): 825–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-m-1-2020-825-2020.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The ecological risk attached to the filling of Quito’s ravines, together with the subsequent loss of a memory about their existence, are the focus of this paper which aims to provide a base for both comprehension and action. Ravines are part of the geomorphology of the city’s basin and play a vital role in the hydrogeological system of Quito’s water cycle. They have been filled over time, disappearing from urban maps. This disrupts ravines’ original course and natural drainage system generating risks. An integral multi-scale perspective that considers geomorphological and hydrogeological modifications is missing. Three problematics can be observed. Technical-infrastructural, Urban-spatial and Architectural-cultural. The conjugation of all the phenomena described above, constitutes a call to consciously establish the risk level to which this territory is exposed. The damage goes beyond material or human loss. It affects history, living memory, identity, and knowledge. All these aspects have contributed to the consideration of HCQ (Historical Centre of Quito) as World Heritage Site. These are valuable legacies that need to be preserved. Therefore, it is necessary to undertake a detailed inventory of: i) the technical constructive state of patrimonial buildings made using raw earth; ii) the modifications and current state of DMQ’s (Metropolitan District of Quito) ravines; iii) the existing interstitial spaces associated to the ravines’ path within the HCQ. The paradigm under consideration for the future is not conservation but integral protection. Rescuing Memory in relation to HCQ’s ravines as an active operator for transformative provisions associated to social, environmental, urban and architectonic dimensions becomes fundamental for future development.
8
Stephen Athens, J., Jerome V. Ward, Deborah M. Pearsall, Karol Chandler-Ezell, Dean W. Blinn, and Alex E. Morrison. "Early Prehistoric Maize in Northern Highland Ecuador." Latin American Antiquity 27, no. 1 (March 2016): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/1045-6635.27.1.3.
Full textAbstract:
The discovery of the fully developed Formative sites of Cotocallao (ca. 3750-2350 cal. B.P.) in the Quito Basin and La Chimba (ca. 2650-1700 cal. B.P.) in the northern highlands of Ecuador has raised questions about their cultural antecedents, which have not been resolved despite decades of archaeological work in the region. Paleoenvironmental coring investigations were conducted at Lake San Pablo in northern highland Ecuador to determine the date for the onset of prehistoric maize farming in the temperate highland valleys of this region. The investigations included analysis of lake sediments for pollen, phytoliths, diatoms, and tephra. Maize pollen was identified as early as 4900 cal. B.P., while maize phytoliths dated even earlier, to 6200 or 6600 cal. B.P. These results demonstrate a long history of maize farming in valleys around Lake San Pablo, but in the context of a punctuated record of major and minor volcanic eruptions. It is concluded that early horticultural sites predating Cotocallao and La Chimba must exist, but to find such sites, archaeologists will have to locate and study deeply buried A-horizon soils.
9
Escobar-González, Diego, Mélany S. Singaña-Chasi , Juan González-Vergara , Bolívar Erazo , Miguel Zambrano, Darwin Acosta , Marcos Villacís , Mario Guallpa , Braulio Lahuatte, and Diego H. Peluffo-Ordóñez. "Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curve for Extreme Rainfall Event Characterization, in the High Tropical Andes." Water 14, no. 19 (September 23, 2022): 2998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14192998.
Full textAbstract:
In fields such as hydrology, meteorology, and civil engineering, the study of extreme precipitation events is useful to prevent rainfall related disasters. A widely-used practice to address such a problem is by using statistical inferences about precipitation intensity, duration and frequency (IDF). Despite of its great usefulness, the selection of the adequate data and methodology to characterize precipitation’s IDF in the urban area of high-altitude Andean cities remains an open issue for practitioners and decision makers. In this sense, the present paper develops an approach to schematically build the IDF curves for a sub-basin of the study case Andean city, Quito–Ecuador. The here-used data holds information from 12 meteorological stations. Then, the IDF curves are obtained by using both a parametrization followed by a Gamma distribution and a 3-parameter cumulative distribution function, also called mnp. Finally, the curve-fitting process is estimated numerically by adjusting the Sherman equation. Results (average R2=0.9) demonstrated that the framework is well-suited for the high-altitude regime. As a noticeable outcome, a novel spatial interpolation-based analysis is introduced, which enabled the identification of extreme rainfall events according to its duration.
10
PROVENZANO R., FRANCISCO, and RAMIRO BARRIGA S. "The species of Hemiancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from Ecuador." Zootaxa 4272, no. 2 (May 29, 2017): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4272.2.4.
Full textAbstract:
At the Fish Collection of the Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, three species traditionally grouped in the genus Hemiancistrus were identified: H. annectens (Regan 1904), H. landoni Eigenmann 1916, and a new specie described here. The new species inhabits exclusively in the Esmeraldas River Basin, Pacific slope, northwestern Ecuador. It is easily recognized by the completely naked abdomen, with rounded, dark spots, and a different color pattern on the dorsal and caudal fins. A comparative analysis of bones related to the opercular mobility, shows important differences between H. annectens, H. landoni, and the new species, suggesting that H. annectens does not belong to the genus Hemiancistrus or the Ancistrini group. According to the characteristics observed in these bones, H. annectens shows greater similarity to those reported in species of the Hypostomini group, supporting its inclusion in this group, but placing it in the genus Hypostomus requires further analysis. On the other hand, the conditions observed on the bones of Hemiancistrus landoni and the new species suggest that both are inside of the Ancistrini group. The new species is placed in the genus Hemiancistrus tentatively, pending future analysis.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Quito basin"
1
Pacheco, Daniel. "Étude de la réponse sismique du bassin de Quito." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ4017.
Full textAbstract:
La ville de Quito, capitale de l’Équateur est située dans une vallée andine à 2800 mètres d’altitude entourée de volcans. Cette ville qui accueille environ 2 millions d’habitant est sujette à l’occurrence de séismes importants. Elle est de plus particulièrement vulnérable puisqu’aucun code parasismique n’est pour le moment utilisé pour les constructions. L’étude de l’aléa et du risque sismique y est donc primordiale. Trois type de séismes menacent la ville : un séisme proche de magnitude modérée (M~6.5) qui aurait lieu sur le réseau de faille de Quito, un séisme plus lointain qui pourrait avoir une magnitude plus élevée (M~7.5) venant de la cordillère et enfin un séisme de subduction venant de la côte à plus de 170 km de distance, dont la magnitude pourrait très élevée (M> 8.5). C’est ce troisième type de séisme qui a frappé l’Équateur le 16 avril 2016 (séisme de Pedernales, Mw 7.8). Ce séisme a causé des dégâts très importants sur la côte et plusieurs centaines de victimes. Il a fait trembler également la ville de Quito mais n’a causé aucun dommage. Qu’en serait-il pour un séisme plus fort ? Est-ce que l’effet d’amplification des ondes sismiques dû au bassin sédimentaire de Quito pourrait, comme cela a été le cas en 1985 dans le bassin de Mexico, engendrer des valeurs de mouvement du sol très fortes causant des dégâts importants ? Est-ce que des séismes de plus faible magnitude mais plus proches pourraient menacer la ville de façon plus importante ? Ces questions scientifiques sont au cœur des préoccupations de ce sujet de thèse, qui est lui-même inclus dans un grand projet d’étude de la zone Équateur-Chili mené conjointement par l’Institut de Géophysique de Quito, et des chercheurs Français des laboratoires Géoazur, ISTerre, CEREMA et IFSTTAR. Objectifs de la thèse : Comprendre, caractériser et simuler les mouvements du sol dans la ville de Quito, en prenant en compte les effets de résonance du bassin (i.e. topographie de la base du bassin, remplissage alluvionnaire), ainsi que ceux dus à la forte topographie environnante. Réaliser des simulations de séismes futurs probables. Données disponibles (non encore exploitées): Enregistrements du bruit de fond par 20 stations large-bande dans et autour du bassin pendant 6 mois (la campagne de mesure sera menée de juillet à décembre 2017. Enregistrements de petits séismes sur le réseau accélérométrique de Quito (RENAQ) depuis 2010 Enregistrements du séisme de Pedernales et de ses principales répliques sur le réseau RENAQ Méthodologie : Corrélation de bruit de fond pour estimer des fonctions de Green inter-stations, en s’appuyant sur les données géologiques et géotechniques existantes. Autres techniques d’inversion (e.g. fonctions récepteur, étude d'ondes converties sur l'interface sédiments/socle) envisagées en fonction de la qualité des fonctions de Green estimées. Simulation basse fréquence en utilisant les fonctions de Green obtenues par intercorrélation du bruit Simulations haute fréquence par méthode hybrides utilisant des fonctions de Green empiriques (c’est-à-dire les enregistrements de petits séismes)The city of Quito (Ecuador's capital) is located in an Andean valley at 2800 meters above sea level. Surrounded by volcanoes, this city of approximately 2 million inhabitants is prone to major earthquakes, and it is particularly vulnerable since no seismic code is formally used for constructions. The study of the hazard and the seismic risk is, therefore, essential. Three types of earthquakes threaten the city: a) a close earthquake of moderate magnitude (M ~ 6.5), which would occur on the Quito fault system, b) a more distant earthquake which could have a higher magnitude (M ~ 7.5) coming from the cordillera, and c) finally a subduction earthquake coming from the coastline more than 170 km away, the magnitude of which could be very high (M> 8.5). This third type of earthquake struck Ecuador on April 16, 2016 (Pedernales earthquake, Mw 7.8). Pedernales earthquake caused very significant damage to the coast region and several hundred victims. It also made the city of Quito tremble but caused no damage. What about a stronger earthquake? Could the seismic wave amplifying effect due to the Quito sedimentary basin, as was the case in 1985 in the Mexico City basin, generate very strong ground motion values causing significant damage? Could smaller magnitude but closer earthquakes threaten the city more seriously? These scientific questions are at the heart of this thesis subject's concerns, which is included in a major study project of the Ecuador-Chile zone carried out jointly by the Institute of Geophysics of Quito and French researchers from GeoAzur, ISTerre, CEREMA, and IFSTTAR laboratories. Objectives of the thesis: Understand, characterize, and simulate ground movements in Quito's city, taking into account the effects of basin resonance (i.e., the geometry of the basin's bedrock, alluvial filling) well as those due to the strong surrounding topography. Carry out simulations of likely future earthquakes. Available data (not yet used): Background noise recordings by 20 broadband stations in and around the basin for six months (the measurement campaign will be carried out from July to December 2017). Small earthquakes recordings on the Quito accelerometric network (RENAQ) since 2010. Recordings of the Pedernales earthquake and its main aftershocks on the RENAQ network Methodology : Seismic noise cross-correlation to estimate inter-station Green's functions, relying on existing geological and geotechnical data. Other inversion techniques (e.g., receiver functions, the study of converted waves on the sediment/bedrock interface) considered depending on the quality of the estimated Green's functions. Low-frequency stimulation using Green's functions obtained by cross-correlation of noise and high-frequency simulations using empirical Green's functions (i.e., recordings of small earthquakes)
2
Lai, Kan-Fu, and 賴乾福. "Research on Work Pressure of Basic level Voluntary Officer After Coast Guard Organization change and Their Tendency To Quit Their Job – Taking Southern Region as an Example." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nr9c74.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
資訊管理學系
106
The main purpose of this research is to discuss the work pressure of voluntary basic military officers, as well as their tendency to resign, during the transformation of coastal patrol organizations. This research is conducted through qualitative analysis and detailed interviews with active., It is expected that an effective solution to the aforementioned problem can be produced with the result of this research. It is also expected that the result can be used by the authority as reference for the shaping of organization management and personnel policies to not only effectively establish a complete promotion and welfare system but also to prevent further brain drain and keep the society and people safe. The findings are as follows: 1. The main sources of pressure of voluntary basic military officers from coastal patrols and companies of the Southern Coastal Patrol Office are: (a) years of service, rank and marital status that contributes to workplace stress, (b) personality traits and beliefs that affects stress resistance, (c) leadership style of the superior that influences team morale, (d) insufficient sleep that causes health problems, (e) the lack of work force and quality that are unable to suffice the requirement of the duty, (f) limited means of promotion and the limitation on camp, (g) work performance requirement and (h) lack of training and role models that easily causes the maladaptation among basic officers. 2. The effective strategies against such pressure are: (a) putting emphasis on social support and family life, (b) solving problems and facing stress with a positive attitude, (c) engaging in more leisure activities and exercise, (d) having enough sleep to keep body and mind healthy and (e) participating in in-service training programs to develop expertise. 3. The reasons for the increasing resign tendency are: (a) limited means of promotion and the risk in the reenlistment system, (b) the leadership style of the superior in the unit, (c) irregular sleep schedule that affects the well-being of both body and mind, (d) irregular off-hours and days-off that make it difficult to balance between work and family and (e) unsatisfying workplace environment. 4. Suggestion: (a) The coping and adjustment system against the pressure made for said individuals, (b) the reformation of the personnel system of said organization, (c) the improvement of workplace environment and the flexibilization of service hour and off hour and (d) increase the frequency of survey on leisure activity demand and engagement to relieve workplace pressure
3
Li, Yung Guang, and 李永光. "Research on Work Pressure of Basic level Voluntary Officer Within Different Coastal Patrol Sections and Their Tendency To Quit Their Job – Based on Research on the Southern Coastal Patrol Office." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z47g2t.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺東大學
區域政策與發展研究所
96
The purpose of this research is to look into the work pressure of voluntary officers within different coastal patrol sections and their tendency to leave their job position. The research is based on qualitative analysis and detailed interview with basic level, voluntary officers that are currently stationed at the Southern Coastal Patrol Office headquarters. This research hopes to explore a proper solution to release the work pressure of these officers and also lower the turnover rate based on precise analysis. The result will then be submitted to the Coastal Patrol Management level and act as a reference to help them with organization management, and human resources policy making. This will help the Office to create a better employee promotion and welfare system, thereby keeping talented officers and help maintain order within the society. The findings are as follows: 1. The pressure faced by the basic level voluntary Coastal Patrol Officers are: (a) seniority, ranks and marriages affects their work pressure (b) personal traits and belief affects their resistance to pressure (c) Senior officers’ leadership affects their personal emotion and group morale (d) insufficient sleep affects their health (e) lack of manpower and the inconsistency in qualities cannot meet up with the job requirement (f) lack of promotion opportunities and problems faced when attempting to stay on current job position (g) high work achievements creates enormous job pressure (h) insufficient training for new-entry officers and the lack of role model creates adaptability issues 2. Strategies to reduce work pressure faced by basic level voluntary Coastal Patrol Officers: (a) value social support and family life (b) positive thinking when solving problems and pressure (c) participate in healthy recreations and sports (d) sufficient sleep help maintain a cheerful mind (e) constantly upgrade oneself to improve one’s professional accomplishment. 3. Factors affecting basic level voluntary Coastal Patrol Officers to leave their job position: (a) lack of promotion opportunities and potential risk of staying on current job position system (b) senior officers’ leadership (c) abnormal lifestyle that affects their health (d) irregular off-days rendering them unable to attend their family (e) organization environment that is under par, increasing the willingness of these officer to leave their duty. 4. Recommendation for improvements: (a) coastal patrol officer will need to adjust themselves in order to overcome work pressure (b) the human resource policy need to be re-evaluated (c) adjustments should be made on working hours and off-day system to improve the working environment (d) increase surveys on leisure requirements and participations to release work pressure.
Books on the topic "Quito basin"
1
Laspina, Iván. Quito, ciudad y pobreza. Quito, Ecuador: Municipio del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito, Dirección General de Planificación, 1995.
Find full text
2
Grewal, J. S. ‘Divide and Quit’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199467099.003.0014.
Full textAbstract:
The British Prime Minister’s statement of 20 February 1947 carried the implication of partition with independence by June 1948. Nehru welcomed the statement as ‘wise and courageous’ and the Congress Working Committee welcomed the declaration, adding that Sikh interests would be safeguarded. Master Tara Singh declared that there could be no settlement if the Muslims wanted to rule over the Punjab. Lord Mountbatten was prepared to work out a settlement on the basis of partition. In his meeting with the Governor General and the representatives of the Congress and the Muslim League on 2 June, Baldev Singh accepted partition in principle, suggesting exchange of population and property as the terms of reference for the Boundary Commission. Mountbatten made it clear at a press conference later that the Labour Government would never subscribe to partition on the basis of landed property. Thus, population became virtually the sole criterion for partition.
3
Aleksanov, D. S. ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS. BASIC LEVEL. Publishing house of the Russian state agrarian University UN-TA im. K. A. Timiryazeva, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1930-7-2022.
Full textAbstract:
In the publication, the basics of the methodology for analyzing investment projects in the real sector of the economy are presented in an accessible way and in a brief form. The main purpose of the manual is a consistent explanation of the rules used in international practice. These rules, which form the essence of the methodology for analyzing investment projects, are quite natural and could be rediscovered by anyone who has faced such a task and is trying to solve it competently. At the same time, it makes no sense to spend efforts on "inventing a bicycle" if you can apply the experience of those who have already successfully solved these problems, understanding the logic of their actions and checking its compliance with their goals. The manual, according to the authors, could be useful for a wide range of interested readers, for example, for those who want to start their own business or just deal with modern approaches to the fashionable concepts of "real investments", "investment projects", "risk assessment", as well as in-depth study of related disciplines.
4
Bratman, Michael E. Consistency and Coherence in Plan. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190867850.003.0009.
Full textAbstract:
This essay focuses on the reflections of a planning agent on her distinctive synchronic norms of practical thinking. It develops the idea of planning agency that is self-reinforcing by way of considerations of self-governance: given that one is a planning agent whose practical thinking is guided by basic planning norms—something for which there is good reason—one’s self-governance will be such that conforming to those norms is partly constitutive of that self-governance. This helps articulate a framework within which (a) pragmatic grounds for planning agency quite generally, combine with (b) normative reasons of self-governance for conformity to basic norms in the particular case. This framework can be brought to bear by a reflective planning agent in support of basic norms of synchronic plan rationality. And this supports an interpretation of the idea that these norms are peremptory.
5
Stewart, Frances, Gustav Ranis, and Emma Samman. The Evolution of Development Thought. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794455.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter reviews the evolution of development thought from the Second World War to date, tracing the dynamics and interactions between the circumstances that countries faced, economic thought, and policies. It shows that on gaining independence, countries first aimed to promote economic growth, and while this was quite successful, problems emerged and the human dimension was neglected. A succession of alternatives, including the basic needs approach, was displaced by the debt crisis and stabilization in the 1980s, with very harsh consequences for poverty. The human development approach arose then, with the 1990 Human Development Report, building on basic needs and Sen’s capabilities approach. The chapter traces subsequent developments, including global agreements such as the Millennium Development Goals, and subsequently the Sustainable Development Goals, which can be seen as embodiments of the human development approach.
6
Baranowski, Maciej. Sociophonetics. Edited by Robert Bayley, Richard Cameron, and Ceil Lucas. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199744084.013.0020.
Full textAbstract:
The term sociophonetics refers to the interface of sociolinguistics and phonetics, and specifically to the use of modern phonetic methods in the quantitative analysis of language variation and change. Although its definition can be quite broad, including any sociolinguistic study involving sounds analysed impressionistically, it usually implies the use of instrumental techniques. This chapter takes the view of sociophonetics as a tool contributing to the understanding of the nature of language variation and change. Assuming a basic knowledge of acoustic phonetics, it focuses on sociophonetic methodology, particularly in the practice of acoustic vowel analysis.
7
Mozersky, M. Joshua. Presentism. Edited by Craig Callender. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199298204.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Is there more to the world than the present moment? This question is one of the most basic one can ask about time. This chapter discusses presentism: the doctrine that everything is present—that, and only that, which is present exists—reviewing a quite different attack on presentism. Called the “truth-maker” or “grounding” objection, the idea is that the presentist's temporally impoverished resources are insufficient to allow him or her to say that statements about the past or future are truth-evaluable. So the presentist faces a quandary: the claim is true, yet there is nothing that makes it so.
8
Levine, Joseph. The Modal Status of Materialism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198800088.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
It is quite common to assume that Materialism, if true, is only contingently true. After all, couldn’t there have been a dualist world of immaterial souls, even if this world doesn’t happen to be one? We argue that, contrary to appearances, Materialism, if true, is necessarily true. In the course of making this argument we clarify what we take to be the core of the Materialist thesis, which differs crucially from the way it’s often presented. Rather than a specification of the nature of the material that underlies mentality, it is more a claim that mental states are realized, not basic.
9
Escudier, Marcel. Engineering applications of the linear momentum equation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198719878.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
In this chapter a method is shown for applying the linear momentum equation, together with the continuity equation and either Bernoulli’s equation or some other information about static pressure, to the analysis of a diverse range of practical problems. A key aim is to demonstrate that it is possible to establish a relatively simple theoretical basis which can give quite accurate and useful information about the performance of such complex machines as jet and rocket engines, the jet pump, and the Pelton turbine. Other examples include flow through a sudden enlargement, a convergent nozzle, a pipe bend, a pipe junction, and a cascade of guidevanes. For each example it is shown how to define a suitable control volume.
10
Skantze, P. A. Gloriously Inept and Satisfyingly True. Edited by Mark Franko. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199314201.013.41.
Full textAbstract:
Invoking the methodology of the act of spectating as a practice, an idea developed from Skantze’s Itinerant Spectator/Itinerant Spectacle, this chapter examines reenactment from the perspective of the active spectator. The archive and the document common to reenactment present the spectator as practitioner with interpretive tools, and yet often the reception of reenactments becomes stronger by way of the mix of spectator memory with the not quite accurate or faithful in the representation. Wim Vandekeybus’s Booty Looting, a dance performance that not only stages a reenactment, but also confronts the spectator with the material of memory, forms the basis for thinking through the paradox of the truth in approximations and flawed enactments.
Book chapters on the topic "Quito basin"
1
Koldinská, Kristina. "Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in the Czech Republic." In IMISCOE Research Series, 109–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51241-5_7.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This chapter discusses the Czech social security system from the perspective of migrant workers and their families. The Czech Republic is a central European country whose population is quite homogeneous, so its migration policy is not a very welcoming one. Access to social security benefits for third-country nationals is connected to long-term residence. EU citizens have equal access to social benefits as Czech nationals. The chapter explains basic characteristics of the Czech social protection system (unemployment benefits, health care system, pension insurance, family benefits and social assistance benefits), with a special emphasis on accessibility for migrant workers and their families.
2
Goss, W. M., Claire Hooker, and Ronald D. Ekers. "Horizons, 1944–1947." In Historical & Cultural Astronomy, 213–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07916-0_15.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe serendipitous successes and enticing possibilities of the first year of radio astronomy at Sydney had set Joe Pawsey on a quite unexpected scientific path. He was suddenly established at the lead of a new research field in basic science, with a clear sense of scientific purpose. But just a few months before observations at Collaroy began, Pawsey had not been at all clear about what he would like to pursue in the post-war world. This chapter concerns his personal contemplation of that future, and provides context for the long trip overseas that he undertook in 1947 and 1948.
3
Martínez, José Ricardo, Cristina Reyes, and Emilia Vallejo. "A museum that travels: Yaku Viajero and citizen education on Guayllabamba social basin in Quito, Ecuador (South America)." In The Cultural Dynamics in Water Management from Ancient History to the Present Age, 241–56. IWA Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789062045_0241.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Yaku Viajero is a travelling exhibition created by the Yaku Water Museum in Quito, Ecuador that aims to raise awareness among citizens about the importance of water conservation for the city and the world. It deals with five topics: water history in Quito, water quality, the right to water according to the constitution of Ecuador, Water Footprint and the social and hydrographic basin of the Guayllabamba, which provides water to the city of Quito, capital of Ecuador. This chapter describes in depth how the concept of the social basin is applied through educational and museographic resources and how it aims to promote the development of empathy as a fundamental basis of citizenship education.
4
Dyall, Kenneth G., and Knut Faegri. "Basic Special Relativity." In Introduction to Relativistic Quantum Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195140866.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Special relativity is a fascinating and challenging branch of physics. It describes the physics of the high velocity/high energy regime, frequently turning up phenomena that appear paradoxical in view of our everyday experience. In this book we will be quite selective in our presentation of the theory of special relativity: we will concentrate on those features that we consider necessary for the later applications to relativistic quantum chemistry. We do this in good conscience, knowing that there is a vast literature on the subject, catering to a wide range of audiences—from the quite elementary to the very sophisticated. A few examples are listed in the reference list, but a visit to any nearby physics library will provide an ample selection of reading material for those wishing to delve deeper into the matter. In the present chapter we adopt a minimalist approach. We develop some of the basic concepts and formulas of special relativity, building on a rather elementary level of basic physics. The aim is to provide a sufficient foundation for those who want to proceed as quickly as possible to the more quantum chemical parts of the text. In later chapters we will introduce more advanced tools of physics and revisit some of the subjects treated here. The theory of special relativity deals with the description of physical phenomena in frames that move at constant velocity relative to each other. The classroom is one such frame, the car passing at constant speed outside the classroom is another. The trajectory of a ball being thrown up vertically in the car will look quite different whether we describe it relative to the interior of the car or relative to the interior of the classroom. In particular we will be concerned with inertial frames. We define an inertial frame as a frame where spatial relations are Euclidean and where there is a universal time such that free particles move with constant velocities. In classical Newtonian mechanics, relations between the spatial parameters and time in two inertial frames S and S’ are expressed in terms of the Galilean transformations.
5
Alley, William M., and Rosemarie Alley. "Not All Aquifers Are Created Equal." In High and Dry. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300220384.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines how geology and climate create vastly different groundwater situations. Effective management of groundwater depends upon full consideration of these differences. The chapter begins with a distinction between confined and unconfined aquifers and a look at artesian wells, with a focus on Australia’s Great Artesian Basin. The characteristics of different rock types are illustrated by four basic aquifer rock types in sub-Saharan Africa. The chapter then turns to non-renewable aquifers in North Africa and Saudi Arabia. The fast-recharging Edwards Aquifer in Texas then provides a quite different story with its sensitivity to short-term climate variability and concerns about endangered species. The chapter concludes with a discussion of saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers and the potential of brackish groundwater for water supply.
6
Cademartiri, Filippo, Erica Maffei, Teresa Arcadi, Orlando Catalano, and Gabriel Krestin. "Cardiac CT—basic principles." In The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Imaging, 47–54. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198703341.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Cardiac CT is a fast-developing technique. In 10 years it developed from an investigative tool into a clinical reality. The technology drive has been the key to success for this technique, which is to date the only non-invasive clinical tool for coronary angiographic assessment. Technical background is quite complex and the newer solutions are aiming at reducing the scan time and the radiation dose while improving temporal resolution, contrast resolution, and ultimately image quality. The key technical development has been in late 1990: the introduction of ECG triggering/gating techniques. Spatial resolution has also been improved, reaching sub-millimetre performance. The latest innovations provide fast coverage with >64 slice detectors, high spatial resolution with 0.5-mm slice thickness, high temporal resolution with <100 ms in hardware, and higher contrast resolution with the forthcoming dual-energy solutions.
7
Helgadóttir, Ragnhildur. "Iceland." In The Limits of the Legal Complex, 235–61. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192848413.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter confirms whether the theories of a legal complex are mobilized primarily, but not exclusively, for issues that can be classified as classical political liberalism. It describes the political activities of Icelandic lawyers, from the late nineteenth century to the present. It also discusses the three core attributes of political liberalism: a moderate state, civil society, and certain basic legal freedoms. The chapter describes the activities of the Icelandic legal complex, which has been quite active in influencing legislation. It focuses on agency, on individual events, and on the unanimity and influence of the Icelandic legal complex and considers the legal complex formed on the basis of other stories from very different states.
8
Latif, S. "Basic Concepts and Properties of Superconductors." In Superconductors, 1–16. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902110-1.
Full textAbstract:
The phenomenon of super conductance is quite fascinating due to enormous applications and hence intense research in this area attracted engineers, scientists and businessmen. In this Chapter, we will briefly elaborate the conversion of a normal conductor to a superconductor which is a fascinating material since its discovery as well as the role of critical temperature and critical magnetic field for the super phenomenon of superconductivity. A short historical journey of superconductors from 1911 to date is also the part of this chapter that started with the work of Onnes on extreme low temperatures in cryogenic laboratories. The difference between perfect conductor and superconductor, classification of superconductors and finally the fundamental properties of superconductors have been discussed precisely.
9
Nieswandt, Katharina. "Life and Other Basic Rights in Anscombe." In The Oxford Handbook of Elizabeth Anscombe, 308—C13.P101. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190887353.013.21.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Following Elizabeth Anscombe, rights exist within practices. A right consists in a bundle of possible and impossible moves within the relevant social ‘game’, e.g., the practice of private property. What becomes of basic rights on such a social-constructivist conception? Metaphysically, basic rights do not differ from other rights. The right not to be murdered, however, enjoys a transcendental status within Anscombe’s moral philosophy, and this construction might extend to other basic rights: since practical reasoning is directed at the good life, there can be no sound practical inference concluding in murder. Anscombe’s argument for this presupposes a particular conception of human dignity, which is quite similar to the dominant conception in contemporary human rights literature.
10
Hastings, Charles M. "Herders in the Jungle." In The Archaeology of the Upper Amazon, 188–207. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066905.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
The Chinchaycocha, a people described by sixteenth century sources as herders of a high Central Andean plateau, may also have been part of the Andean-Amazonian frontier. A combination of archaeological, ethnohistoric, and ethnographic information in support of this argument is presented from eastern valleys below this plateau. A long ridge beside one of these valleys descends to a small basin nestled at the foot of the Andes, at times home to one or more indigenous populations of Amazonian cultural affiliation. An ancient trail along this ridge connected one relatively large Late Intermediate village near its upper end to a smaller one just above the basin. Both are argued to have been culturally affiliated to Chinchaycocha-based herders of the plateau and quite distinct from the lowland occupants of the basin. The nature of interaction across this cultural frontier remains largely unknown.
Conference papers on the topic "Quito basin"
1
Onuoha, K. Mosto, and Chidozie I. Dim. "Prospects and Challenges of Developing Unconventional Petroleum Resources in the Anambra Inland Basin of Nigeria." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2571791-ms.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT The boom in the development of unconventional petroleum resources, particularly shale gas in the United States of America during the last decade has had far reaching implications for energy markets across the world and particularly for Nigeria, a country that traditionally has been Africa’s leading crude oil producer and exporter. The Cretaceous Anambra Basin is currently the only inland basin in Nigeria where the existence of commercial quantities of oil and gas has been proven (outside the Tertiary Niger Delta Basin). The possibility of similarly finding commercially viable resources of unconventional petroleum resources in the basin appears quite attractive on the basis of the existence of seepages of shale oil and presence of coal-bed methane in some of the coal seams of the Mamu Formation (Lower Coal Measures) in the basin. This paper presents the results of our preliminary assessment of the shale oil and gas resources of the Anambra Basin. Our main objective is to locate the zones of very high quality plays within the basin, focusing on their depositional environments (whether marine or non-marine), areal extent of the target shale formations, gross shale intervals, total organic content, and thermal maturity. Data on the total organic content (TOC %, by weight) and thermal maturity of shales from different wells in the basin show that many of the shales have high TOCs (i.e greater than 2%) comparable to known shale gas and shale oil plays globally. Shale oil seepages are known to occur around Lokpanta in south-eastern Nigeria, but there is a general predominance of gas-prone facies in our inland basins indicating good prospects for finding unconventional petroleum in this and other Nigerian inland sedimentary basins. The main challenge to the exploration of unconventional resources in Nigeria today has to do with the absence of the enabling laws and regulatory framework governing their exploration and subsequent exploitation. The revised Petroleum Industry Bill (PIB) currently under consideration in the National Assembly is expected to introduce drastic and lasting changes in the way the petroleum industry business is conducted in the country, but all the provisions of the draft law pertain mainly to conventional oil and gas resources.
2
Rosero, Veronica, Andrea Gritti, Juan Carlos Dall'Asta, Riccardo Porreca, Daniele Rocchio, and Franco Tagliabue. "Study of morphological structures of historical centres as a basic toll for understanding the new conditions of social habitat. Quito, Siracusa and Suzhou." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6261.
Full textAbstract:
In the age of globalization, architecture (through an identity crisis) is directly connected with the loss of progressive recognition of morphological studies of city and territory, in a gradual replacement with real-time views of phenomena and urban facts. The satellite gaze finally flattens the interpretation ability of living spaces that were the prerogative of the morphological studies. The actual complexity of cities and territories escapes from the architect's eyes as they increase their technical capability to know details. The season of great renovations and methodological studies that had powered the 1960s, 70s and 80s seems hopelessly distant. Studies on social, economic, and environmental components of the cities and territories (infrastructure, public space, environmental networks) are so proliferated without actually being supported by adequate interpretations of their physical-spatial dynamics. The result: a substantial failure of architectural design to express human habitat visions. It is imperative a theoretical and practical effort to pick up the threads of an interrupted conversation, and return where these studies have expressed their richest potential: the historical centers, the places with most dense and rich heritage. Historical centers of cities like Quito, Siracusa and Suzhou have settled and stratified the morphological structures of several different settlement patterns. As a result, architecture has demonstrated an ability of description and interpretation. Reflecting on how this goal was reached in these cities (by means much less powerful than the current) settlement will be able to bid the morphological component of urban and regional studies and architecture project as a fundamental tool for understanding the human habitat.
3
Wilkman, Göran, Guang Li, and Sami Saarinen. "Testing of Northstar Artificial Island in Ice Model Basin." In SNAME 9th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-158.
Full textAbstract:
The Northstar man-made island has been on stream for some years (since 2001) already and experienced more frequent and severe storm conditions than initially expected. As a result, its armor slope protection systems required annual maintenance. To study the possibility to improve the durability of the island BP launched a testing programme to compare two different enhanced slope protection systems. In September 2008 altogether three weeks of testing in ice in various ice conditions and island configurations were performed at the Aker Arctic Technology model basin. The tests were quite complicated and time consuming. The paper discusses the test set-up, tests performed and learnings.
4
Herrera, Nelson Herrera, Hector Sanchez Santamaria, Miguel Macias Macias, and Estevan Gomez. "Analysis of the factors generating vehicular traffic in the city of Quito and its relation to the application of sensorial and social data with big data as a basis for decision making." In 2016 Third International Conference on eDemocracy & eGovernment (ICEDEG). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icedeg.2016.7461710.
Full text
5
Wang, Yongsheng, Chenqing Tan, Bo Zhu, Yanming Tong, Haifeng Wang, Chuan Wu, Yongcang Dong, and Rong Li. "Seismic Data Processing and Depth Imaging for Yingxionglin Complex Structures-Belt in Qaidam Basin, Tibetan Plateau." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21382-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The Yingxionglin structural belt located in the world's highest-altitude petroliferous basin, Qaidam Basin. Due to its complex surface condition, subsurface structure and low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of seismic data, exploration and production is quite challenging. From 2012 to now, we continued developing and improving seismic data processing and interpretation workflow. After several rounds field support and testing, new techniques exploring and velocity modelling iteration, we gradually developed a suitable workflow for complex dipping structure imaging including signal processing, velocity modeling, and depth migration. The quality of final delivered 3D seismic data is significantly improved with the integrated static correction techniques, fidelity multi-domain noise attenuation, 5D MPFI regularization, integrated velocity modelling and final pre-stack depth migration. According to our final deliverables, we identified credible traps and high-production reservoirs were found.
6
Durnyak, Bohdan, Mikola Lutskiv, Georgij Petriaszwili, and Petro Shepita. "Analysis of raster imprints parameters on the basis of models and experimental research." In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p42.
Full textAbstract:
Structural scheme of models for determining the integral density of raster scale of an imprint, raster tone in percentage, optical density of scales on the basis of the measured optical density of the solid area and other characteristics have been worked out. The results of imitation design in the form of characteristics for different parameters have been provided. Optical density of raster scales obtained on the models has been found out to be quite similar to the results of experimental studies.
7
Wilkman, Göran, Ann-Cristin Forsén, and Tom Mattsson. "Latest Development in Ice Model Testing." In SNAME 8th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-111.
Full textAbstract:
The next generation ice model testing facility of Aker Arctic Inc. (AARC) was inaugurated in March 2006. The new facility is located in Helsinki at the Vuosaari Marine Business Park, next to the new Helsinki harbour. This facility is the third in the history of Aker Arctic starting in 1969 with Wärtsilä Ice Model Basin (WIMB). Today the new facility has been in operation for two a half years. This period has been still quite a lot of learning and developing practices even the transfer of the ice making happened quite well. The new facility has also opened new possibilities. The paper describes the new facilities and highlights the work done so far. Also among other things the further development possibilities of the AARC FGX model ice is discussed. Making of thick weak ice in the model basin has always been quite a problem. In this respect the enhanced use of AARC FGX ice has given new possibilities in testing. Firstly ice sheets with thickness close to 100 mm were prepared for the new Russian multipurpose icebreaker project to simulate full-scale level ice thickness of 2.85m. Recently model ice with thickness close to 240 mm with flexural strength of 10-20 kPa was manufactured. The paper will discuss also the processes of making these thick/week ice sheets.
8
Skjong, Rolf, and Elzbieta M. Bitner-Gregersen. "Cost Effectiveness of Hull Girder Safety." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28494.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents a cost effectiveness assessment of the safety in a design code for oil tankers. The marginal cost to safety improvements is based on code calibration studies for different target reliabilities. This allows basing the actual target reliability indices on risk acceptance criteria derived from cost effectiveness of the marginal change in scantling requirements. This approach is in agreement with the criteria defined in IMO submissions and used in the ongoing IMO coordinated Formal Safety Assessment studies on bulk carriers. The documentation that cost effectiveness criteria may be applied has previously been submitted to IMO. It is concluded that the method works quite well in the examples that are presented, and that the current codes are in close agreement with decision criteria used for other risk control options. As probabilities calculated by structural reliability methods are notional, it is also advantageous to use marginal costs to safety improvement instead of absolute numbers of probabilities as acceptance criterion. It is indicated that a cost effectiveness criterion may replace the current practice of basing target reliabilities on calibration against previous best practices. Although the basic safety philosophy is changed radically, the study does not indicate that the change in criteria would result in much change in design. The advantage of using the suggested approach is the consistency with ongoing FSA development at IMO.
9
Aoki, Yoshio, Akiko Shoji, and O.-Il Byon. "Damage Detection of CFRP Pipes and Ladder Structure by Using Localized Flexibility Method." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/ad-23706.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper presents modal-based structural damage detection. Specifically, we focus on localized flexibility properties that can be deduced from the experimentally determined global flexibility matrix. We present the underlying theory that can be viewed a generalized flexibility formulation in three different generalized coordinates, viz., localized or substructural displacement-basis, elemental deformation-basis and element strain-basis. Then, the present methods are applied to a CFRP pipes and shells having interior damage and the numerical and experimental results show that the elemental strain-basis method is quite useful for detecting the inside damage of the CFRP filament winding pipes.
10
Titova, S. Y. "THE MODERN TRENDS OF THE KHABAROVSK REGION EXPORTSUPPORT." In New forms of production and entrepreneurship in the coordinates of neo-industrial development of the economy. PD of KSUEL, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/978-5-7823-0731-8-2020-119-122.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to export promotion measures investigation. The most popular measures of export promotion are identified on the basis of exporters’ opinion analysis. They are: industrial fairs participation, providing with market information and financial support. On the basis of international practice analysis the conclusion was made that the structure of popular measures in the region is not quite adequate to contemporary trends. Also main export promotion targets are evaluated.
Reports on the topic "Quito basin"
1
Baader, Franz, Silvio Ghilardi, and Carsten Lutz. LTL over Description Logic Axioms. Technische Universität Dresden, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.164.
Full textAbstract:
Most of the research on temporalized Description Logics (DLs) has concentrated on the case where temporal operators can occur within DL concept descriptions. In this setting, reasoning usually becomes quite hard if rigid roles, i.e., roles whose interpretation does not change over time, are available. In this paper, we consider the case where temporal operators are allowed to occur only in front of DL axioms (i.e., ABox assertions and general concept inclusion axioms), but not inside of concepts descriptions. As the temporal component, we use linear temporal logic (LTL) and in the DL component we consider the basic DL ALC. We show that reasoning in the presence of rigid roles becomes considerably simpler in this setting.
2
Lutz, Carsten, Carlos Areces, Ian Horrocks, and Ulrike Sattler. Keys, Nominals, and Concrete Domains. Technische Universität Dresden, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.122.
Full textAbstract:
Many description logics (DLs) combine knowledge representation on an abstract, logical level with an interface to 'concrete' domains such as numbers and strings with built-in predicates such as <, +, and prefix-of. These hybrid DLs have turned out to be quite useful for reasoning about conceptual models of information systems, and as the basis for expressive ontology languages. We propose to further extend such DLs with key constraints that allow the expression of statements like 'US citizens are uniquely identified by their social security number'. Based on this idea, we introduce a number of natural description logics and perform a detailed analysis of their decidability and computational complexity. It turns out that naive extensions with key constraints easily lead to undecidability, whereas more careful extensions yield NEXPTIME-complete DLs for a variety of useful concrete domains.
3
Baader, Franz, Stefan Borgwardt, and Barbara Morawska. Computing Minimal EL-Unifiers is Hard. Technische Universität Dresden, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.187.
Full textAbstract:
Unification has been investigated both in modal logics and in description logics, albeit with different motivations. In description logics, unification can be used to detect redundancies in ontologies. In this context, it is not sufficient to decide unifiability, one must also compute appropriate unifiers and present them to the user. For the description logic EL, which is used to define several large biomedical ontologies, deciding unifiability is an NP-complete problem. It is known that every solvable EL-unification problem has a minimal unifier, and that every minimal unifier is a local unifier. Existing unification algorithms for EL compute all minimal unifiers, but additionally (all or some) non-minimal local unifiers. Computing only the minimal unifiers would be better since there are considerably less minimal unifiers than local ones, and their size is usually also quite small. In this paper we investigate the question whether the known algorithms for EL-unification can be modified such that they compute exactly the minimal unifiers without changing the complexity and the basic nature of the algorithms. Basically, the answer we give to this question is negative.
4
Yatsymirska, Mariya. KEY IMPRESSIONS OF 2020 IN JOURNALISTIC TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11107.
Full textAbstract:
The article explores the key vocabulary of 2020 in the network space of Ukraine. Texts of journalistic, official-business style, analytical publications of well-known journalists on current topics are analyzed. Extralinguistic factors of new word formation, their adaptation to the sphere of special and socio-political vocabulary of the Ukrainian language are determined. Examples show modern impressions in the media, their stylistic use and impact on public opinion in a pandemic. New meanings of foreign expressions, media terminology, peculiarities of translation of neologisms from English into Ukrainian have been clarified. According to the materials of the online media, a «dictionary of the coronavirus era» is provided. The journalistic text functions in the media on the basis of logical judgments, credible arguments, impressive language. Its purpose is to show the socio-political problem, to sharpen its significance for society and to propose solutions through convincing considerations. Most researchers emphasize the influential role of journalistic style, which through the media shapes public opinion on issues of politics, economics, education, health care, war, the future of the country. To cover such a wide range of topics, socio-political vocabulary is used first of all – neutral and emotionally-evaluative, rhetorical questions and imperatives, special terminology, foreign words. There is an ongoing discussion in online publications about the use of the new foreign token «lockdown» instead of the word «quarantine», which has long been learned in the Ukrainian language. Research on this topic has shown that at the initial stage of the pandemic, the word «lockdown» prevailed in the colloquial language of politicians, media personalities and part of society did not quite understand its meaning. Lockdown, in its current interpretation, is a restrictive measure to protect people from a dangerous virus that has spread to many countries; isolation of the population («stay in place») in case of risk of spreading Covid-19. In English, US citizens are told what a lockdown is: «A lockdown is a restriction policy for people or communities to stay where they are, usually due to specific risks to themselves or to others if they can move and interact freely. The term «stay-at-home» or «shelter-in-place» is often used for lockdowns that affect an area, rather than specific locations». Content analysis of online texts leads to the conclusion that in 2020 a special vocabulary was actively functioning, with the appropriate definitions, which the media described as a «dictionary of coronavirus vocabulary». Media broadcasting is the deepest and pulsating source of creative texts with new meanings, phrases, expressiveness. The influential power of the word finds its unconditional embodiment in the media. Journalists, bloggers, experts, politicians, analyzing current events, produce concepts of a new reality. The world is changing and the language of the media is responding to these changes. It manifests itself most vividly and emotionally in the network sphere, in various genres and styles.
5
Weissinger, Rebecca. Trends in water quality at Bryce Canyon National Park, water years 2006–2021. Edited by Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294946.
Full textAbstract:
The National Park Service collects water-quality samples on a rotating basis at three fixed water-quality stations in Bryce Canyon National Park (NP): Sheep Creek, Yellow Creek, and Mossy Cave Spring. Data collection began at Sheep Creek and Yellow Creek in November 2005 and at Mossy Cave in July 2008. Data on in-situ parameters, fecal-coliform samples, major ions, and nutrients are collected monthly, while trace elements are sampled quarterly. This report analyzes data from the beginning of the period of record for each station through water year 2021 to test for trends over time. Concentrations are also compared to relevant water-quality standards for the State of Utah. Overall, water quality at the park’s monitoring stations continues to be excellent, and park managers have been successful in their goal of maintaining these systems in unimpaired condition. Infrequent but continued Escherichia coli exceedances from trespass livestock at Sheep and Yellow creeks support the need for regular fence maintenance along the park boundary. High-quality conditions may qualify all three sites as Category 1 waters, the highest level of anti-degradation protection provided by the State of Utah. Minimum and maximum air temperatures at the park have increased, while precipitation remains highly variable. Increasing air temperatures have led to increasing water temperatures in Sheep and Yellow creeks. Sheep Creek also had a decrease in flow across several quantiles from 2006 to 2021, while higher flows decreased at Yellow Creek in the same period. Surface flows in these two creeks are likely to be increasingly affected by higher evapotranspiration due to warming air temperatures and possibly decreasing snowmelt runoff as the climate changes. The influx of ancient groundwater in both creek drainages helps sustain base flows at the sites. Mossy Cave Spring, which is sampled close to the spring emergence point, showed less of a climate signal than Sheep and Yellow creeks. In our record, the spring shows a modest increase in discharge, including higher flows at higher air temperatures. An uptick in visitation to Water Canyon and the Mossy Cave Trail has so far not been reflected by changes in water quality. There are additional statistical trends in water-quality parameters at all three sites. However, most of these trends are quite small and are likely ecologically negligible. Some statistical trends may be the result of instrument changes and improvements in quality assurance and quality control over time in both the field sampling effort and the laboratory analyses. Long-term monitoring of water-quality stations at Bryce Canyon NP suggests relatively stable aquatic systems that benefit from protection within the park. To maintain these unimpaired conditions into the future, park managers could consider: Regular fence checks and maintenance along active grazing allotments at the park boundary to protect riparian areas and aquatic systems from trespass livestock. Developing a springs-monitoring program to track changes in springflow at spring emergences to better understand bedrock-aquifer water supplies. These data would also help quantify springflow for use in water-rights hearings. Supporting hydrogeologic investigations to map the extent and flow paths of groundwater aquifers. Working with the State of Utah to develop groundwater-protection zones to protect groundwater aquifers from developments that would affect springs in the park. Prioritizing watershed management with proactive fire risk-reduction practices. Explicitly including watershed protection as a goal in plans for fire management and suppression. Using additional data and analyses to better understand the drivers of trends in water quality and their ecological significance. These could include higher-frequency data to better understand relationships between groundwater, precipitation, and surface flows at the sites. These could also include watershed metrics...
6
Rarasati, Niken, and Rezanti Putri Pramana. Giving Schools and Teachers Autonomy in Teacher Professional Development Under a Medium-Capability Education System. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2023/050.
Full textAbstract:
A mature teacher who continuously seeks improvement should be recognised as a professional who has autonomy in conducting their job and has the autonomy to engage in a professional community of practice (Hyslop-Margison and Sears, 2010). In other words, teachers’ engagement in professional development activities should be driven by their own determination rather than extrinsic sources of motivation. In this context, teachers’ self-determination can be defined as a feeling of connectedness with their own aspirations or personal values, confidence in their ability to master new skills, and a sense of autonomy in planning their own professional development path (Stupnisky et al., 2018; Eyal and Roth, 2011; Ryan and Deci, 2000). Previous studies have shown the advantages of providing teachers with autonomy to determine personal and professional improvement. Bergmark (2020) found that giving teachers the opportunity to identify areas of improvement based on teaching experience expanded the ways they think and understand themselves as teachers and how they can improve their teaching. Teachers who plan their own improvement showed a higher level of curiosity in learning and trying out new things. Bergmark (2020) also shows that a continuous cycle of reflection and teaching improvement allows teachers to recognise that the perfect lesson does not exist. Hence, continuous reflection and improvement are needed to shape the lesson to meet various classroom contexts. Moreover, Cheon et al. (2018) found that increased teacher autonomy led to greater teaching efficacy and a greater tendency to adopt intrinsic (relative to extrinsic) instructional goals. In developed countries, teacher autonomy is present and has become part of teachers’ professional life and schools’ development plans. In Finland, for example, the government is responsible for providing resources and services that schools request, while school development and teachers’ professional learning are integrated into a day-to-day “experiment” performed collaboratively by teachers and principals (Niemi, 2015). This kind of experience gives teachers a sense of mastery and boosts their determination to continuously learn (Ryan and Deci, 2000). In low-performing countries, distributing autonomy of education quality improvement to schools and teachers negatively correlates with the countries’ education outcomes (Hanushek et al., 2011). This study also suggests that education outcome accountability and teacher capacity are necessary to ensure the provision of autonomy to improve education quality. However, to have teachers who can meet dynamic educational challenges through continuous learning, de Klerk & Barnett (2020) suggest that developing countries include programmes that could nurture teachers’ agency to learn in addition to the regular content and pedagogical-focused teacher training materials. Giving autonomy to teachers can be challenging in an environment where accountability or performance is measured by narrow considerations (teacher exam score, administrative completion, etc.). As is the case in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, teachers tend to attend training to meet performance evaluation administrative criteria rather than to address specific professional development needs (Dymoke and Harrison, 2006). Generally, the focus of the training relies on what the government believes will benefit their teaching workforce. Teacher professional development (TPD) is merely an assignment for Jakarta teachers. Most teachers attend the training only to obtain attendance certificates that can be credited towards their additional performance allowance. Consequently, those teachers will only reproduce teaching practices that they have experienced or observed from their seniors. As in other similar professional development systems, improvement in teaching quality at schools is less likely to happen (Hargreaves, 2000). Most of the trainings were led by external experts or academics who did not interact with teachers on a day-to-day basis. This approach to professional development represents a top-down mechanism where teacher training was designed independently from teaching context and therefore appears to be overly abstract, unpractical, and not useful for teachers (Timperley, 2011). Moreover, the lack of relevancy between teacher training and teaching practice leads to teachers’ low ownership of the professional development process (Bergmark, 2020). More broadly, in the Jakarta education system, especially the public school system, autonomy was never given to schools and teachers prior to establishing the new TPD system in 2021. The system employed a top-down relationship between the local education agency, teacher training centres, principals, and teachers. Professional development plans were usually motivated by a low teacher competency score or budgeted teacher professional development programme. Guided by the scores, the training centres organised training that could address knowledge areas that most of Jakarta's teachers lack. In many cases, to fulfil the quota as planned in the budget, the local education agency and the training centres would instruct principals to assign two teachers to certain training without knowing their needs. Realizing that the system was not functioning, Jakarta’s local education agency decided to create a reform that gives more autonomy toward schools and teachers in determining teacher professional development plan. The new system has been piloted since November 2021. To maintain the balance between administrative evaluation and addressing professional development needs, the new initiative highlights the key role played by head teachers or principals. This is based on assumption that principals who have the opportunity to observe teaching practice closely could help teachers reflect and develop their professionalism. (Dymoke and Harrison, 2006). As explained by the professional development case in Finland, leadership and collegial collaboration are also critical to shaping a school culture that could support the development of professional autonomy. The collective energies among teachers and the principal will also direct the teacher toward improving teaching, learning, and caring for students and parents (Hyslop-Margison and Sears, 2010; Hargreaves, 2000). Thus, the new TPD system in Jakarta adopts the feature of collegial collaboration. This is considered as imperative in Jakarta where teachers used to be controlled and join a professional development activity due to external forces. Learning autonomy did not exist within themselves. Hence, teachers need a leader who can turn the "professional development regulation" into a culture at schools. The process will shape teachers to do professional development quite autonomously (Deci et al., 2001). In this case, a controlling leadership style will hinder teachers’ autonomous motivation. Instead, principals should articulate a clear vision, consider teachers' individual needs and aspirations, inspire, and support professional development activities (Eyal and Roth, 2011). This can also be called creating a professional culture at schools (Fullan, 1996). In this Note, we aim to understand how the schools and teachers respond to the new teacher professional development system. We compare experience and motivation of different characteristics of teachers.
7
An investigation of alternative approaches to contraceptive logistics management at the peripheral level. Population Council, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1995.1001.
Full textAbstract:
In Bangladesh, contraceptive commodities are received at the peripheral level (thana and below) from thana stores on a monthly basis by using the “pull” system. It is expected that at any point in time a worker or a center at the peripheral level will have a two-to-three-month stock of contraceptives. Many surveys/studies have indicated, however, that stockouts of contraceptives are quite frequent. To investigate an improved system of contraceptive distribution, a three-cell experimental study was undertaken. In the first two cells, contraceptives were delivered following two methods of the “push” system, while in the third cell contraceptives were distributed following the existing system “pull” system. The field experiment lasted for a period of six months. The results of the study are presented in this report.
8
Accelerating Digital Payments in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004256.
Full textAbstract:
Between the first and second quarters of 2020, e-commerce website traffic from five of the regions major markets increased by over 150%. The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed and pulled tens of thousands of businesses in the region to go digital. The impact and advantages of such digitalization are quite telling for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in particular. SMEs in LAC can diversify their customer base and reach 20 foreign markets when operating online, while those that operate offline can only reach from two to five. As todays digital economy becomes the norm, universal basic services such as education and medical care are also taking place online. Digital payments are critical to enabling this transformation at both domestic and cross-border levels. But many challenges still exist that preclude the broadening of digital payment use throughout the region from a lack of access, regulatory harmonization and affordable payment solutions, to a need for further public and private sector cooperation, consumer protections and an open, inclusive and interoperable payment ecosystem. In 2021, the World Economic Forum and the innovation laboratory of the Inter-American Development Bank, IDB Lab, jointly launched the Payments to Advance Growth for All (PAGA) initiative to address these challenges. This initiative has convened a diverse community of over 100 public and private sector representatives to explore, through dialogue, how to best unlock the true benefits of digital payments in LAC. As digital payments continue to thrive and drive financial inclusion and economic growth, we hope this paper will provide a timely snapshot of the most pressing issues and highlight the importance of public-private and private-private cooperation to advance digital payments for all in an open, inclusive and safe manner. * The opinions expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IDB, its Board of Directors or the countries they represent, nor of the MIF (IDB Lab) Donors Committee or the countries it represents.