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1

Pirrung, Michael, and Bernd Zolitschka. "Quaternary climate evolution." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 156, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2005/0156-0497.

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2

JUVIGNE, Etienne. "Téphrostratigraphie du Quaternaire en Belgique [Quaternary tephrostratigraphy in Belgium]." Quaternary geology of Belgium: new perspectives 2, no. 1-2 (April 1, 2000): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20341/gb.2014.011.

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The main characteristics of Quaternary volcanic ash-falls found in various terrains of Belgium are put together. An exhaustive list of papers dealing with Quaternary tephrostratigraphy in Belgium is presented in an appendix.
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3

Graham, C. C., and A. Straw. "Quaternary." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 13, no. 1 (1992): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.mem.1992.012.01.15.

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AbstractThe Quaternary is represented widely over land areas and sea floors around Britain by sediments formed under conditions which ranged from warm temperate to glacial, humid to semi-arid, and which involved glacial, periglacial, fluvial, mass movement, marine and aeolian processes.The distribution of Quaternary sediments has been depicted on maps of the Geological Survey since the 1840s and most recently on the Ordnance Survey Quaternary Map of the United Kingdom, (1977, two sheets) at a scale of 1:625,000. The Oxford Atlas of Britain and Northern Ireland (1963) and the Atlas of Ireland (1979) include Quaternary maps, and Britain is covered by two sheets of the International Quaternary Map of Europe (1967) at a scale of 1:2,500,000. Maps of sea-floor sediments are being published as surveys are completed (Cameron et al. 1987). Stages of the Quaternary sequence as currently established are listed by West (1980) and Bowen et al. (1986).Qla: Quaternary geographyThe maximum extent ever reached by icesheets in southern Britain is better known in the east, and the western limit of 1°30'W is an approximation because definitive deposits are sparsely distributed. The Scilly Islands represent the most southerly point reached by a British icesheet, but the limit across the Celtic Sea is hypothetical, drawn with regard both to the nature of the continental shelf and to the fact that Ireland is known to have been wholly glacierized on at least one occasion. This maximum limit may be diachronous. Bowen et al. (1986) regard it as wholly Anglian, but
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4

van Geel, Bas, and André Aptroot. "Fossil ascomycetes in Quaternary deposits." Nova Hedwigia 82, no. 3-4 (May 1, 2006): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2006/0082-0313.

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5

Tutin, Winifred Pennington. "Quaternary Ecology." Ecology 74, no. 3 (April 1993): 967–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1940824.

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6

Clayton, Keith, M. A. J. Williams, D. L. Dunkerley, P. De Dekker, A. P. Kershaw, and T. Stokes. "Quaternary Environments." Geographical Journal 161, no. 2 (July 1995): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3059992.

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7

Bavec, Miloš. "Quaternary Lives." Geologija 50, no. 2 (December 27, 2007): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5474/geologija.2007.024.

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8

Tutin, W., L. C. K. Shane, and E. J. Cushing. "Quaternary Landscapes." Journal of Ecology 80, no. 2 (June 1992): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2261028.

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9

KUMAI, Hisao. "Quaternary Stratigraphy." Quaternary Research (Daiyonki-Kenkyu) 30, no. 3 (1991): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4116/jaqua.30.131.

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10

KRISHNAN, G., and A. P. SHIVAPRASAD. "Quaternary multiplexer." International Journal of Electronics 61, no. 3 (September 1986): 387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207218608920880.

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11

Pate, F. Donald. "Quaternary Environments." Australian Archaeology 48, no. 1 (January 1999): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03122417.1999.11681629.

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12

Spoonley, N. "Quaternary learning." Engineering Science & Education Journal 3, no. 3 (June 1, 1994): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/esej:19940302.

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13

Fernández, Marilén, and Juan Federico Ponce. "Argentina Quaternary." Quaternary International 442 (June 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.06.013.

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14

ROUHI, MAUREEN. "QUATERNARY CARBONS." Chemical & Engineering News 79, no. 19 (May 7, 2001): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v079n019.p053.

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15

Lewis, Simon G. "Quaternary Environments." Quaternary Science Reviews 20, no. 18 (December 2001): 1957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-3791(00)00153-0.

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16

van Zeist, W. "Quaternary landscapes." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 95, no. 1-2 (August 1992): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(92)90175-5.

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17

Andrews, John T. "Quaternary environments." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 109, no. 1 (May 1994): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(94)90121-x.

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18

Wayne, William J. "Quaternary environments." Geomorphology 9, no. 1 (February 1994): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-555x(94)90035-3.

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19

Earl, Richard A. "Quaternary Environments." Geomorphology 36, no. 3-4 (February 2001): 260–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-555x(00)00029-5.

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20

HJORT, CHRISTIAN. "Quaternary International." Boreas 19, no. 2 (January 16, 2008): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.1990.tb00573.x.

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21

Gönnenwein, F., P. Jesinger, M. Mutterer, and al et. "Quaternary Fission." Acta Physica Hungarica A) Heavy Ion Physics 18, no. 2-4 (November 1, 2003): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aph.18.2003.2-4.52.

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22

Church, Michael. "Quaternary Palaeohydrology." Episodes 10, no. 1 (March 1, 1987): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/1987/v10i1/009.

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23

Gibbard, Philip, and Brad Pillans. "The Quaternary." Episodes 31, no. 2 (June 1, 2008): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2008/v31i2/001.

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24

Meadows, Michael Edward. "Quaternary environments." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 36, no. 4 (April 12, 2012): 539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133312438907.

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25

Edwards, Kevin J. "Quaternary palynology." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 10, no. 1 (March 1986): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913338601000105.

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26

Rose, J. "Quaternary research." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 10, no. 2 (June 1986): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913338601000210.

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27

Farrand, William R. "Quaternary Environments." Geoarchaeology 16, no. 7 (2001): 825–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gea.1022.

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28

Farrington, Orpah S. "Quaternary sediments." Quaternary Science Reviews 12, no. 7 (January 1993): 592–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(93)90072-t.

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29

Bridgland, D. R. "Quaternary landscapes." Quaternary Science Reviews 12, no. 7 (January 1993): 594–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(93)90074-v.

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30

Whiteman, Colin. "Quaternary environments." Quaternary Science Reviews 13, no. 4 (January 1994): 399–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(94)90116-3.

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31

Raukas, Anto. "Quaternary Proceedings." Quaternary Science Reviews 13, no. 4 (January 1994): 400–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(94)90118-x.

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32

KRISHNAN, G., and A. P. SHIVAPRASAD. "Quaternary adder, subtractor and multiplier using quaternary multiplexer." International Journal of Electronics 63, no. 4 (October 1987): 513–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207218708547339.

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33

Chattopadhyay, Tanay. "All-optical quaternary circuits using quaternary T-gate." Optik 121, no. 19 (October 2010): 1784–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2009.04.014.

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34

Lujan-Montelongo, Jesus A., Ping Lu, Wang Liu, and Fraser F. Fleming. "Metalated Nitriles: SNi and SNi′ Installation of Contiguous Quaternary-Tertiary and Quaternary-Quaternary Centers." Chemistry - A European Journal 19, no. 27 (May 17, 2013): 8746–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201301046.

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35

Shopov, Vladimir. "The Pleistocene-Holocene boundary in Black Sea shelf sediments." Geologica Balcanica 22, no. 4 (April 30, 1992): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.52321/geolbalc.22.4.91.

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The boundary between the Pleistocene and Holocene epoch has been referred to the beginning of a climatic event - the first retreat of the Wurm continental ice-sheet which was standardized in the sections of varve clays in Sweden and dated ca. 10 000 yrs. B. P. The chronostratigraphy of the older systems is based on data from marine sections. For the Quaternary Black Sea sediments such a climatic event has not been proposed and correspondingly the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary has not been standardized. According to the radiocarbon dates obtained from the Bulgarian Quaternary Shelf sediments such a boundary should be passed within an interval of ca. 11 000 – 9 000 yrs. B. P. That is why I suggest the penetration of warm amd saline Mediterranean water, which shows the beginning of the Holocene epoch in the Black Sea region , to be dated at ca. 9 000 yrs. B. P. and standardized in the section of Black Sea Quaternery Shelf sediments from Borehole MC-26 in Nessebar Bay.
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36

Al-Hawasy, Jamil Amir, and Mayeada Abd Alsatar Hassan. "The Optimal Classical Continuous Control Quaternary Vector of Quaternary Nonlinear Hyperbolic Boundary Value Problem." Ibn AL-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences 35, no. 3 (July 20, 2022): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30526/35.3.2833.

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This work is concerned with studying the optimal classical continuous control quaternary vector problem. It is consisted of; the quaternary nonlinear hyperbolic boundary value problem and the cost functional. At first, the weak form of the quaternary nonlinear hyperbolic boundary value problem is obtained. Then under suitable hypotheses, the existence theorem of a unique state quaternary vector solution for the weak form where the classical continuous control quaternary vector is considered known is stated and demonstrated by employing the method of Galerkin and the compactness theorem. In addition, the continuity operator between the state quaternary vector solution of the weak form and the corresponding classical continuous control quaternary vector is demonstrated in three different infinite dimensional spaces (Hilbert spaces). Furthermore, with suitable hypotheses, the existence theorem of an optimal classical continuous control quaternary vector dominated by the weak form of the quaternary nonlinear hyperbolic boundary value problem is stated and demonstrated.
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37

Al-Hawasy, Jamil Amir, and Wissam A. Abdul-Hussien Al-Anbaki. "The Classical Continuous Optimal Control for Quaternary Nonlinear Parabolic Boundary Value Problems with State Vector Constraints." Ibn AL-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences 35, no. 3 (July 20, 2022): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30526/35.3.2816.

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This paper aims to study the quaternary classical continuous optimal control problem consisting of the quaternary nonlinear parabolic boundary value problem, the cost function, and the equality and inequality constraints on the state and the control. Under appropriate hypotheses, it is demonstrated that the quaternary classical continuous optimal control ruling by the quaternary nonlinear parabolic boundary value problem has a quaternary classical continuous optimal control vector that satisfies the equality constraint and inequality state and control constraint. Moreover, mathematical formulation of the quaternary adjoint equations related to the quaternary state equations is discovered, and then the weak form of the quaternary adjoint equations is obtained. Lastly, both the necessary conditions for optimality and sufficient conditions for optimality of the proposed problem are stated and proved. The derivation for the Fréchet derivative of the Hamiltonian is attained.
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38

Bierbrauer, Jurgen, Stefano Marcugini, and Fernanda Pambianco. "Additive Quaternary Codes Related to Exceptional Linear Quaternary Codes." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 66, no. 1 (January 2020): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2019.2946635.

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39

WRIGHT, H. E. "The Chinese Quaternary: Quaternary Geology and Environment of China." Science 231, no. 4740 (February 21, 1986): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.231.4740.874-a.

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40

Zhu, Jixiang, Xiaoyuan Zhou, Guanghui Zhang, and Qian Wang. "Quaternary Depositional Framework of the Xiong’an New Area: A 3D Geological Modeling Approach Based on Vector and Grid Integration." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (March 14, 2022): 3409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063409.

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The Quaternary stratigraphic unit is an important underground space resource for sustainable urban development. It is of great significance to understand the spatial variation characteristics of the Quaternary stratigraphic structure and its internal attributes. However, due to the openness and complexity of the Quaternary sedimentary environment, the sedimentary characteristics of Quaternary stratigraphic units are often very complex and difficult to accurately analyze. In this study, a method for analyzing Quaternary sedimentary characteristics via 3D geological modeling based on vector and grid integration is proposed. Based on this method, the Quaternary depositional framework of Xiong’an New Area is established. The results show that the study area is mainly composed of seven Quaternary strata with different sedimentary origins, and the 3D spatial variation characteristics of lithology in each stratum are unique. Taking the vector framework model as the constraint boundary, this study constructs the lithology stochastic model of each Quaternary stratigraphic unit respectively, and accurately simulates the 3D spatial variation characteristics of the inner lithology of Quaternary stratigraphic units in the study area, which is of great significance for the urban planning, construction, and environmental protection of Xiong’an New Area.
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41

Naji, Fetan J., Jamil Amir Al-hawasy, and Ion Chryssoveghi. "Quaternary Boundary Optimal Control Problem Dominating by Quaternary Nonlinear Parabolic System." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 34, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 86–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v34i3.1286.

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In this paper, our purpose is to study the quaternary continuous classical boundary optimal control vector problem (QCCBOCVP) dominated by the quaternary nonlinear parabolic boundary value problem (QNLPBVP). Under suitable assumptions and with given quaternary continuous classical boundary control vector (QCCBCV), the existence theorem for a unique quaternary state vector solution (QSVS) of the weak form (WF) for the QNLPBVP is stated and demonstrated via the Method of Galerkin and the first compactness theorem. Furthermore, the continuity of the Lipchitz operator between the QSVS of the WF for the QLPBVP and the corresponding QCCBCV is proved. The existence of a quaternary continuous classical boundary optimal control vector (QCCBOVC) is stated and demonstrated under suitable assumptions.
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42

Editor. "Buried Quaternary valleys a geophysical approach." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 160, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2009/0160-0237.

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43

Li, Bi-Jie, and Xin Sun. "Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters through Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective Functionalization of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons." Synthesis 54, no. 09 (March 1, 2022): 2103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1719899.

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AbstractAcyclic quaternary carbon stereocenters occur frequently in natural products, bioactive molecules, and pharmaceutical compounds. Construction of a carbon stereogenic center attached to four different carbons with defined spatial arrangement is a daunting challenge in asymmetric catalysis. Significant efforts have been directed towards the stereoselective construction of such acyclic quaternary carbon stereocenters. In particular, catalytic generation of acyclic quaternary carbon stereocenters through functionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons is an extremely attractive approach because unsaturated hydrocarbons are easily accessible both in industry and in organic synthesis. In this short review, we summarize the recent advances achieved in this research area, with the aim to inspire future development.1 Introduction2 Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters through Functionalization of Allenes3 Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters through Functionalization of Dienes4 Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters through Functionalization of Mono-alkenes5 Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters through Functionalization of Alkynes6 Summary and Outlook
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44

Bundalo, Dusanka, Zlatko Bundalo, and Branimir Ðordjevic. "Design of quaternary logic systems and circuits." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 18, no. 1 (2005): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee0501045b.

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The principles and possibilities of design of fully quaternary multiple valued combinational logic systems and circuits are described and proposed in the paper. Different ways of design of fully quaternary combinational logic systems and circuits are considered and described first. Then algorithm for automated computerized design of such systems and circuits is considered and proposed. The algorithm gives possibility for synthesis and optimization of quaternary logic systems and circuits. It is applied on design of CMOS quaternary multiple valued logic systems and circuits. The algorithm includes the most important aspects of design of quaternary logic circuits: logic circuit scheme synthesis and logic circuit optimization. Methods for synthesis of quaternary CMOS combinational logic circuits are proposed and described. Also, method for optimization of CMOS quaternary logic circuits, according to operation conditions and needed characteristics, is proposed and described. Design procedure is realized by personal computer using PSPICE for circuit simulation. Computer PSPICE simulation results confirming described methods and conclusions are given in the paper.
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45

Vita-Finzi, C., J. J. Lowe, and J. C. Walker. "Reconstructing Quaternary Environments." Man 20, no. 3 (September 1985): 558. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2802459.

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46

Atkinson, T. C., J. J. Lowe, and M. J. C. Walker. "Reconstructing Quaternary Environments." Journal of Ecology 73, no. 3 (November 1985): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2260175.

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47

Hsiao, C. H., S. J. Chang, S. B. Wang, S. P. Chang, Y. C. Cheng, T. C. Li, W. J. Lin, and B. R. Huang. "Quaternary ZnCdSeTe Nanowires." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2010): 798–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2010.1813.

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48

KRISHNAN, G., and A. P. SHIVAPRASAD. "Quaternary unary operators." International Journal of Electronics 63, no. 2 (August 1987): 253–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207218708939127.

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49

Gupta, L. C. "Quaternary borocarbide superconductors." Philosophical Magazine B 77, no. 3 (March 1998): 717–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13642819808214830.

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50

Cagigal, Manuel P., Antonio Fuentes, Miguel A. Cagigas, Pedro J. Valle, Xesús Prieto-Blanco, and Vidal F. Canales. "Quaternary adaptive optics." Optics Express 27, no. 17 (August 14, 2019): 24524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.024524.

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