Academic literature on the topic 'Quartet based method'
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Journal articles on the topic "Quartet based method"
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Yang, Jialiang, Stefan Grünewald, and Xiu-Feng Wan. "Quartet-Net: A Quartet-Based Method to Reconstruct Phylogenetic Networks." Molecular Biology and Evolution 30, no. 5 (April 12, 2013): 1206–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst040.
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HU, MICHAEL, PAUL KEARNEY, and JONATHAN BADGER. "A COLLAPSING METHOD FOR THE EFFICIENT RECOVERY OF OPTIMAL EDGES IN PHYLOGENETIC TREES." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 14, no. 05 (October 2005): 717–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213005002351.
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As the amount of sequencing efforts and genomic data volume continue to increase at an accelerated rate, phylogenetic analysis provides an evolutionary context for understanding and interpreting this growing set of complex data. We introduce a novel quartet based method for inferring molecular based phylogeny called hypercleaning* (HC*). The HC* method is based on the hypercleaning (HC) technique,2 which possesses an interesting property of recovering edges (of a phylogenetic tree) that are best supported by the witness quartet set. HC* extends HC in two regards: (i) whereas HC constrains the input quartet set to be unweighted (binary valued), HC* allows any positive valued quartet scores, enabling more informative quartets to be defined. (ii) HC* employs a novel collapsing technique which significantly speeds up the inference stage, making it empirically on par with quartet puzzling in terms of speed, while still guaranteeing optimal edge recovery as in HC. This paper is primarily aimed at presenting the algorithmic construction of HC*. We also report some preliminary studies on an implementation of HC* as a potentially powerful approximation scheme for maximum likelihood based inference. Details of proofs can be found in report at: ().
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Zhang, Chao, Celine Scornavacca, Erin K. Molloy, and Siavash Mirarab. "ASTRAL-Pro: Quartet-Based Species-Tree Inference despite Paralogy." Molecular Biology and Evolution 37, no. 11 (September 4, 2020): 3292–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa139.
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Abstract Phylogenetic inference from genome-wide data (phylogenomics) has revolutionized the study of evolution because it enables accounting for discordance among evolutionary histories across the genome. To this end, summary methods have been developed to allow accurate and scalable inference of species trees from gene trees. However, most of these methods, including the widely used ASTRAL, can only handle single-copy gene trees and do not attempt to model gene duplication and gene loss. As a result, most phylogenomic studies have focused on single-copy genes and have discarded large parts of the data. Here, we first propose a measure of quartet similarity between single-copy and multicopy trees that accounts for orthology and paralogy. We then introduce a method called ASTRAL-Pro (ASTRAL for PaRalogs and Orthologs) to find the species tree that optimizes our quartet similarity measure using dynamic programing. By studying its performance on an extensive collection of simulated data sets and on real data sets, we show that ASTRAL-Pro is more accurate than alternative methods.
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Consoli, Sergio, and Nikolaos I. Stilianakis. "A quartet method based on variable neighborhood search for biomedical literature extraction and clustering." International Transactions in Operational Research 24, no. 3 (December 14, 2015): 537–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/itor.12240.
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Sardaru, Monica-Cornelia, Irina Rosca, Simona Morariu, Elena-Laura Ursu, Razvan Ghiarasim, and Alexandru Rotaru. "Injectable Thixotropic β–Cyclodextrin–Functionalized Hydrogels Based on Guanosine Quartet Assembly." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17 (August 25, 2021): 9179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179179.
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Facile method for the preparation of β–cyclodextrin–functionalized hydrogels based on guanosine quartet assembly was described. A series of seven hydrogels were prepared by linking β–cyclodextrin molecules with guanosine moieties in different ratios through benzene–1,4–diboronic acid linker in the presence of potassium hydroxide. The potassium ions acted as a reticulation agent by forming guanosine quartets, leading to the formation of self–sustained transparent hydrogels. The ratios of the β–cyclodextrin and guanosine components have a significant effect on the internal structuration of the components and, correspondingly, on the mechanical properties of the final gels, offering a tunablity of the system by varying the components ratio. The insights into the hydrogels’ structuration were achieved by circular dichroism, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X–ray diffraction. Rheological measurements revealed self–healing and thixotropic properties of all the investigated samples, which, in combination with available cyclodextrin cavities for active components loading, make them remarkable candidates for specific applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Moreover, all the prepared samples displayed selective antimicrobial properties against S. aureus in planktonic and biofilm phase, the activity also depending on the guanosine and cyclodextrin ratio within the hydrogel structure.
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Astahov, V. A. "STRING QUARTET BY MAURICE RAVEL IN THE CONTEXT OF CREATIVITY AND OUTLOOK OF THE COMPOSER." EurasianUnionScientists 6, no. 7(76) (August 20, 2020): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.6.76.933.
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In the article, the author reveals the specifics of the artistic and aesthetic views of the outstanding French composer based on the study of the musical text of M. Ravel's chamber-instrumental composition and musicological literature. The authors substantiate the idea of the significance of literary sources for the formation of Ravel's compositional style. Using the analytical method, the author identifies the compositional, dramatic, melodic, textural and Lado-harmonic features of the Ravel string Quartet (1903). The use of the comparative analysis method allowed us to determine the similarity and difference of the approaches Of M. Ravel and C. Debussy in the interpretation of the string Quartet genre. Consideration of the string Quartet in the context Of M. Ravel's work allowed the author to clarify certain aspects of the composer's creative method, to Supplement the ideas about his aesthetic and ideological principles.
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Springer, Mark S., Erin K. Molloy, Daniel B. Sloan, Mark P. Simmons, and John Gatesy. "ILS-Aware Analysis of Low-Homoplasy Retroelement Insertions: Inference of Species Trees and Introgression Using Quartets." Journal of Heredity 111, no. 2 (December 14, 2019): 147–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esz076.
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Abstract DNA sequence alignments have provided the majority of data for inferring phylogenetic relationships with both concatenation and coalescent methods. However, DNA sequences are susceptible to extensive homoplasy, especially for deep divergences in the Tree of Life. Retroelement insertions have emerged as a powerful alternative to sequences for deciphering evolutionary relationships because these data are nearly homoplasy-free. In addition, retroelement insertions satisfy the “no intralocus-recombination” assumption of summary coalescent methods because they are singular events and better approximate neutrality relative to DNA loci commonly sampled in phylogenomic studies. Retroelements have traditionally been analyzed with parsimony, distance, and network methods. Here, we analyze retroelement data sets for vertebrate clades (Placentalia, Laurasiatheria, Balaenopteroidea, Palaeognathae) with 2 ILS-aware methods that operate by extracting, weighting, and then assembling unrooted quartets into a species tree. The first approach constructs a species tree from retroelement bipartitions with ASTRAL, and the second method is based on split-decomposition with parsimony. We also develop a Quartet-Asymmetry test to detect hybridization using retroelements. Both ILS-aware methods recovered the same species-tree topology for each data set. The ASTRAL species trees for Laurasiatheria have consecutive short branch lengths in the anomaly zone whereas Palaeognathae is outside of this zone. For the Balaenopteroidea data set, which includes rorquals (Balaenopteridae) and gray whale (Eschrichtiidae), both ILS-aware methods resolved balaeonopterids as paraphyletic. Application of the Quartet-Asymmetry test to this data set detected 19 different quartets of species for which historical introgression may be inferred. Evidence for introgression was not detected in the other data sets.
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Kolková, Andrea, and Aleksandr Ključnikov. "Demand forecasting: an alternative approach based on technical indicator Pbands." Oeconomia Copernicana 12, no. 4 (December 21, 2021): 1063–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/oc.2021.035.
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Research background: Demand forecasting helps companies to anticipate purchases and plan the delivery or production. In order to face this complex problem, many statistical methods, artificial intelligence-based methods, and hybrid methods are currently being developed. However, all these methods have similar problematic issues, including the complexity, long computing time, and the need for high computing performance of the IT infrastructure.
Purpose of the article: This study aims to verify and evaluate the possibility of using Google Trends data for poetry book demand forecasting and compare the results of the application of the statistical methods, neural networks, and a hybrid model versus the alternative possibility of using technical analysis methods to achieve immediate and accessible forecasting. Specifically, it aims to verify the possibility of immediate demand forecasting based on an alternative approach using Pbands technical indicator for poetry books in the European Quartet countries.
Methods: The study performs the demand forecasting based on the technical analysis of the Google Trends data search in case of the keyword poetry in the European Quartet countries by several statistical methods, including the commonly used ETS statistical methods, ARIMA method, ARFIMA method, BATS method based on the combination of the Cox-Box transformation model and ARMA, artificial neural networks, the Theta model, a hybrid model, and an alternative approach of forecasting using Pbands indicator. The study uses MAPE and RMSE approaches to measure the accuracy.
Findings & value added: Although most currently available demand prediction models are either slow or complex, the entrepreneurial practice requires fast, simple, and accurate ones. The study results show that the alternative Pbands approach is easily applicable and can predict short-term demand changes. Due to its simplicity, the Pbands method is suitable and convenient to monitor short-term data describing the demand. Demand prediction methods based on technical indicators represent a new approach for demand forecasting. The application of these technical indicators could be a further forecasting models research direction. The future of theoretical research in forecasting should be devoted mainly to simplifying and speeding up. Creating an automated model based on primary data parameters and easily interpretable results is a challenge for further research.
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Yao, Shouguang, Luobin Duan, Kai Zhao, Jiangbang Zeng, Zheshu Ma, and Xinwang Jia. "Simulation of phase transition process in reconstructed porous medium based on lattice Boltzmann method." Thermal Science 23, no. 1 (2019): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci160817007y.
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At the pore scale level, 2-D porous medium structures of porous media with different porosities (isotropic) and the same porosities (anisotropic) were constructed using quartet structure generation set. A random porous cavity was selected and combined with the lattice Boltzmann model to describe the gas-liquid phase transition process. Bubble generation, growth, mutual fusion, and collision as well as rebound process in porous media framework were investigated by simulating the phase transition phenomenon in porous media. Calculation results show that in three different heat loads, the maximum relative errors between the qualities of gas phase and liquid phase and theoretical solution of gas phase were 0.09%, 0.19%, and 0.32%, respectively, whereas the values for liquid phase were 0.11%, 0.38%, and 1.49%, respectively. Simulation results coincide with the theoretical solution perfectly, verifying the accuracy and feasibility of the model for random porous structures.
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Avni, Eliran, and Sagi Snir. "A New Quartet-Based Statistical Method for Comparing Sets of Gene Trees Is Developed Using a Generalized Hoeffding Inequality." Journal of Computational Biology 26, no. 1 (January 2019): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cmb.2018.0129.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Quartet based method"
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Tarawneh, Monther. "A Novel Quartet-Based Method for Inferring Evolutionary Trees from Molecular Data." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2301.
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Molecular Evolution is the key to explain the divergence of species and the origin of life on earth. The main task in the study of molecular evolution is the reconstruction of evolutionary trees from sequences data of the current species. This thesis introduces a novel algorithm for inferring evolutionary trees from genetic data using quartet-based approach. The new method recursively merges sub-trees based on a global statistical provided by the global quartet weight matrix. The quarte weights can be computed using several methods. Since the quartet weights computation is the most expensive procedure in this approach, the new method enables the parallel inference of large evolutionary trees. Several techniques developed to deal with quartets inaccuracies. In addition, the new method we developed is flexible in such a way that can combine morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses to yield more accurate trees. Also, we introduce the concept of critical point where more than one possible merges are possible for the same sub-tree. The critical point concept can provide information about the relationships between species in more details and show how close they are. This enables us to detect other reasonable trees. We evaluated the algorithm on both synthetic and real data sets. Experimental results showed that the new method achieved significantly better accuracy in comparison with existing methods.
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Tarawneh, Monther. "A Novel Quartet-Based Method for Inferring Evolutionary Trees from Molecular Data." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2301.
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octor of Philosophy(PhD)Molecular Evolution is the key to explain the divergence of species and the origin of life on earth. The main task in the study of molecular evolution is the reconstruction of evolutionary trees from sequences data of the current species. This thesis introduces a novel algorithm for inferring evolutionary trees from genetic data using quartet-based approach. The new method recursively merges sub-trees based on a global statistical provided by the global quartet weight matrix. The quarte weights can be computed using several methods. Since the quartet weights computation is the most expensive procedure in this approach, the new method enables the parallel inference of large evolutionary trees. Several techniques developed to deal with quartets inaccuracies. In addition, the new method we developed is flexible in such a way that can combine morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses to yield more accurate trees. Also, we introduce the concept of critical point where more than one possible merges are possible for the same sub-tree. The critical point concept can provide information about the relationships between species in more details and show how close they are. This enables us to detect other reasonable trees. We evaluated the algorithm on both synthetic and real data sets. Experimental results showed that the new method achieved significantly better accuracy in comparison with existing methods.
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Han, Changan. "Neural Network Based Off-line Handwritten Text Recognition System." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/363.
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This dissertation introduces a new system for handwritten text recognition based on an improved neural network design. Most of the existing neural networks treat mean square error function as the standard error function. The system as proposed in this dissertation utilizes the mean quartic error function, where the third and fourth derivatives are non-zero.
Consequently, many improvements on the training methods were achieved. The training results are carefully assessed before and after the update. To evaluate the performance of a training system, there are three essential factors to be considered, and they are from high to low importance priority: 1) error rate on testing set, 2) processing time needed to recognize a segmented character and 3) the total training time and subsequently the total testing time. It is observed that bounded training methods accelerate the training process, while semi-third order training methods, next-minimal training methods, and preprocessing operations reduce the error rate on the testing set. Empirical observations suggest that two combinations of training methods are needed for different case character recognition.
Since character segmentation is required for word and sentence recognition, this dissertation provides also an effective rule-based segmentation method, which is different from the conventional adaptive segmentation methods. Dictionary-based correction is utilized to correct mistakes resulting from the recognition and segmentation phases.
The integration of the segmentation methods with the handwritten character recognition algorithm yielded an accuracy of 92% for lower case characters and 97% for upper case characters. In the testing phase, the database consists of 20,000 handwritten characters, with 10,000 for each case. The testing phase on the recognition 10,000 handwritten characters required 8.5 seconds in processing time.
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Clontz, Matthew Christopher. "A Novel Method for Vibration Analysis of the Tire-Vehicle System via Frequency Based Substructuring." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83482.
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Noise and vibration transmitted through the tire and suspension system are strong indicators of overall vehicle ride quality. Often, during the tire design process, target specifications are used to achieve the desired ride performance. To validate the design, subjective evaluations are performed by expert drivers. These evaluations are usually done on a test track and are both quite expensive and time consuming due to the several experimental sets of tires that must be manufactured, installed, and then tested on the target vehicle. In order to evaluate the performance, expert drivers tune themselves to the frequency response of the tire/vehicle combination. Provided the right models exist, this evaluation can also be achieved in a laboratory.
The research presented here is a method which utilizes the principles of frequency based substructuring (FBS) to separate or combine frequency response data for the tire and suspension. This method allows for the possibility of combining high fidelity tire models with analytical or experimental suspension data in order to obtain an overall response of the combined system without requiring an experimental setup or comprehensive simulations. Though high fidelity models are not combined with experimental data in the present work, these coupling/decoupling techniques are applied independently to several quarter car models of varying complexity and to experimental data. These models range from a simplified spring-mass model to a generalized 3D model including rotation. Further, decoupling techniques were applied to simulations of a rigid ring tire model, which allows for inclusion of nonlinearities present in the tire subsystem and provides meaningful information for a loaded tire. By reducing the need for time consuming simulations and experiments, this research has the potential to significantly reduce the time and cost associated with tire design for ride performance.
In order to validate the process experimentally, a small-scale quarter car test rig was developed. This novel setup was specifically designed for the challenges associated with the testing necessary to apply FBS techniques to the tire and suspension systems. The small-scale quarter car system was then used to validate both the models and the testing processes unique to this application. By validating the coupling/decoupling process for the first time on the tire/vehicle system with experimental data, this research can potentially improve the current process of tire design for ride performance.Ph. D.
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Tiwari, Purushottam Babu. "Multimode Analysis of Nanoscale Biomolecular Interactions." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1923.
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Biomolecular interactions, including protein-protein, protein-DNA, and protein-ligand interactions, are of special importance in all biological systems. These interactions may occer during the loading of biomolecules to interfaces, the translocation of biomolecules through transmembrane protein pores, and the movement of biomolecules in a crowded intracellular environment. The molecular interaction of a protein with its binding partners is crucial in fundamental biological processes such as electron transfer, intracellular signal transmission and regulation, neuroprotective mechanisms, and regulation of DNA topology. In this dissertation, a customized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has been optimized and new theoretical and label free experimental methods with related analytical calculations have been developed for the analysis of biomolecular interactions.
Human neuroglobin (hNgb) and cytochrome c from equine heart (Cyt c) proteins have been used to optimize the customized SPR instrument. The obtained Kd value (~13 µM), from SPR results, for Cyt c-hNgb molecular interactions is in general agreement with a previously published result. The SPR results also confirmed no significant impact of the internal disulfide bridge between Cys 46 and Cys 55 on hNgb binding to Cyt c. Using SPR, E. coli topoisomerase I enzyme turnover during plasmid DNA relaxation was found to be enhanced in the presence of Mg2+. In addition, a new theoretical approach of analyzing biphasic SPR data has been introduced based on analytical solutions of the biphasic rate equations.
In order to develop a new label free method to quantitatively study protein-protein interactions, quartz nanopipettes were chemically modified. The derived Kd (~20 µM) value for the Cyt c-hNgb complex formations matched very well with SPR measurements (Kd ~16 µM). The finite element numerical simulation results were similar to the nanopipette experimental results. These results demonstrate that nanopipettes can potentially be used as a new class of a label-free analytical method to quantitatively characterize protein-protein interactions in attoliter sensing volumes, based on a charge sensing mechanism.
Moreover, the molecule-based selective nature of hydrophobic and nanometer sized carbon nanotube (CNT) pores was observed. This result might be helpful to understand the selective nature of cellular transport through transmembrane protein pores.
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YOUSFI, EL BEKKAYE. "Etude de la croissance de couches minces d'oxydes (zno, al 2o 3) et de sulfures (zns, in 2s 3) par la methode de depot chimique en phase vapeur a flux alternes (ale) : etude par microgravimetrie a quartz et application a la realisation des cellules solaires a base de cu(in, ga)se 2." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066482.
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Le but de ce travail est d'elaborer des films d'oxyde de zinc (intrinseque et dope aluminium (zno : al)) par la methode de depot chimique en phase vapeur a flux alternes (ale). Ces films vont servir comme couches fenetre pour les cellules solaires de cu(in, ga)se 2 (cigs). Les couches de zno sont deposees a basse temperature (75\c-300\c) a partir de diethylzinc (dezn) et l'eau. Le dopage se fait a l'aide de trimethylaluminium (tmai). La caracterisation de ces couches (proprietes electriques et optiques) a montre que ces dernieres possedent les proprietes requises (bonne transmission optique et faible resistivite electrique) pour les applications photovoltaiques. Les meilleures cellules (zno : al(ale)/cds/cigs) obtenues presentent un rendement de 15,1%. Pour remplacer la couche de cds, d'autres couches telles que zns, zn(o,s), al 2o 3 et in 2s 3 sont egalement deposees par ale. L'ensemble des caracterisations nous a permis d'evaluer leurs proprietes physiques et de choisir le meilleur materiau susceptible de remplacer la couche de cds dans les cellules au cigs. Les meilleurs rendements sont obtenus avec une couche d'in 2s 3 (13,5%). La caracterisation in-situ, realisee par microbalance a quartz, permet de suivre la croissance en temps reel couche atomique par couche atomique. Cette methode nous a permis dans un premier temps d'optimiser les parametres de croissance des differentes couches deposees, et dans un deuxieme temps, d'examiner les mecanismes reactionnels possibles. Pour la croissance de zno, cette methode nous a permis de mettre en evidence les phenomenes de nucleation et de coalescence.
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TING, LEE-MENG, and 李夢庭. "A study of adhesion performance of polished quartz tile: Take hard base construction method as example." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mnyszp.
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碩士中國科技大學
室內設計系
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The most commonly seen problem of polished quartz face tile was peeling, which mainly came from bad adhesion between face tile and structural layer, therefore, if the adhesion can be improved and enhanced, face tile peeling problem will be greatly reduced; in this study, four major control factors of adhesion layer were considered, which were respectively factor A mortar adjustment layer thickness, factor B mortar adjustment layer additive, factor C adhesion layer mortar additive and factor D tile back coating additive; meanwhile, Taguchi method was used to assist the designing and planning of experiment, and in lab’s room temperature environment, hard bas construction method was used to prepare the specimen of polished quartz face tile, after placement under room temperature environment for 28 days, then the experimental specimens were placed under environ-ments of different hot and cool temperatures simulated by fast experiment method to find out optimal experimental factor combination and pull-off strength and main factor for polished quartz face tile. The experimental results were described as follows; After polished quartz face tile was placed at room temperature for 28 days, the opti-mal experimental factor combination was A1B3C3D3, and its pull-off strength was 17.65 kgf/cm², and the main factors were respectively A1 mortar adjustment layer thickness of 0.7 cm and C3 adhesion layer mortar was paste plus resin; if face tile specimen was placed first in the simulated low temperature environment, the optimal experimental fac-tor combination was A1B3C3D3, the pull-off strength was 9.59 kgf/cm², pull-off strength was lower by 8.06 kgf/cm² than that at room temperature environment, the main factors were C3 adhesion layer mortar was paste plus resin and B3 mortar adjustment layer was cement mortar plus superplasticizer; if the face tile specimen was further placed under high temperature environment, the optimal experimental factor combination was A1B3C3D3, the pull-offstrength was 5.86 kgf/cm², pull-off strength was lowered by 3.73 kgf/cm² than that of simulated low temperature environment, the main factors were A1 mortar adjustment layer thickness of 0.7 cm and D3 tile back coating material of paste plus resin. If face tile specimen was placed first under simulated high temperature environment, the optimal experimental factor combination was A2B2C3D1, the pull-off strength was 7.30 kgf/cm², pull-off strength was reduced by about 10.35 kgf/cm² than that at room tem-perature environment, and main factors were D1 tile back without coating material and C3 adhesion layer mortar was paste plus resin; if the face tile specimen was further placed simulated low temperature environment, the optimal experimental factor combination was A2B2C3D1, the pull-off strength was 4.46 kgf/cm², which was lowered by 2.84 kgf/cm² than that of simulated high temperature environment, and the main factors were C3 adhesion layer mortar was paste plus resin and D1 tile back without coating material.
Books on the topic "Quartet based method"
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Hedberg Olenina, Ana. Psychomotor Aesthetics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190051259.001.0001.
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In the late 19th century, neurophysiology introduced techniques for detecting somatic signs of psychological processes. Scientific modes of recording, representing, and interpreting body movement as “expressive” soon found use in multiple cultural domains. Based on archival materials, this study charts the avenues by which physiological psychology reached the arts and evaluates institutional practices and political trends that promoted interdisciplinary engagements in the first quarter of the 20th century. In mapping the emergence of a paradigm it calls “psychomotor aesthetics,” this book uncovers little-known sources of Russian Futurism, Formalist poetics, avant-garde film theories of Lev Kuleshov and Sergei Eisenstein, and early Soviet programs for evaluating filmgoers’ reactions. Drawing attention to the intellectual exchange between Russian authors and their European and American counterparts, the book documents diverse cultural applications of laboratory methods for studying the psyche. Both a history and a critical project, the book attends to the ways in which artists and theorists dealt with the universalist fallacies inherited from biologically oriented psychology—at times, endorsing the positivist, deterministic outlook, and at times, resisting, reinterpreting, and defamiliarizing these scientific notions. In exposing the vastness of cross-disciplinary exchange at the juncture of neurophysiology and the arts at the turn of the 20th century, Psychomotor Aesthetics calls attention to the tremendous cultural resonance of theories foregrounding the somatic substrate of emotional and cognitive experience—theories, which anticipate the promises and limitations of today’s neuroaesthetics and neuromarketing.
Book chapters on the topic "Quartet based method"
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Ben-Ari, Mordechai. "Solving Quadratic Equations." In Mathematical Surprises, 73–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13566-8_7.
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AbstractPoh-Shen Loh proposed a method for solving quadratic equations that is based on a relation between the coefficients of the quadratic polynomial and its roots. Section 7.1 reviews the traditional methods for solving quadratic equations. Section 7.2 tries to convince the reader that Loh’s method makes sense and then explains howto compute the roots. In Sect. 7.3 the computation is carried out for two quadratic polynomials and a similar computation for a quartic polynomial. Section 7.4 derives the traditional formula for the roots from Loh’s formulas.
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Yan, Lin, Yiming Qi, and Yunlong Ji. "Quasi-linear Analysis Method Based on Frequency Stability of Quartz Crystal Oscillator." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 478–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4163-6_57.
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Ji, Longzhe, Qingxiao Shan, Qian Tang, Jun Yang, and Ming Lin. "A Quantitative Testing Method of Quartz Resonators’ Acceleration Sensitivity Based on a MEMS Sensor." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 571–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29175-3_53.
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Xu, Jing, Jian Wang, Dongpo Wang, and Zheng Chen. "Measurement of Velocity and Particle Size in Shock Wave Area Generated by Experimental Granular Flow Impacting on a Cylinder Based on Image Processing Methods." In Advances in Frontier Research on Engineering Structures, 275–86. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8657-4_25.
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AbstractThe measurement of flow velocity and particle size remains an important issue in granular -flow dynamics and can provide important basis to better understand the physics in granular material, particularly when it impacts on a structure. In this study, laboratory chute experiments were performed with quartz-glass particle materials to investigate the characteristics of granular shock developed upstream of a cylinder generated by granular flow impacts. A time series of flow images recorded by a camera has been analyzed and processed using the digital image processing methods such as the gray processing, the image binarization, the image corrosion and expansion, and the generative adversarial networks, with a goal of obtaining flow velocity and particle size in the granular shock area. The experimental results reveal that the granular-flow velocity grows with increasing slope angle. The granular shock thickness shows a general increase with the growing number of particles in the shock area, and the number of particles demonstrates an inversely proportional to increasing Froude number, providing a potential method for determining the particle size of dense granular flow. The findings of this study could help to better understand the shock dynamics of granular flow impacting on an obstacle.
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November, Nancy. "“Like an overly large fantasy”." In Beethoven's String Quartet in C-sharp Minor, Op. 131, 73–102. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190059200.003.0005.
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Audiences at Iganz Schuppanzigh’s 1820s quartet concerts in Vienna would have expected a string quartet to be a weighty, four-movement work with an emphasis on a sonata form, thematische Arbeit (motivic working) between parts, and an overall tonal plan based on one or two primary key areas. Beethoven no doubt had such connoisseur listeners in mind with this work, but was pushing far beyond that traditional idea of the string quartet. Op. 131 is full of all sorts of different kinds of writing. The chapter explores the quartet in terms of fantasia, a word found frequently in connection with Op. 131, starting with a discussion of the free fantasia as a work exhibiting apparently chaotic musings over a highly logical ground plan. As Carl Philipp Emmanuel Bach pointed out in his influential discussion of the subject, there is method in the seeming madness of the free fantasia, especially as regards harmonic links. The chapter considers the entire work as a fantasia, exploring the clever linkage of seemingly disparate ideas within and between movements. The fantasia form might seem the opposite of the formalized string quartet genre as it was starting to be understood by Beethoven’s time, but in one important respect it was not. The free fantasia was a work for the connoisseur: as Carl Friedrich Michaelis noted in his article on music and humor of 1807, the free fantasia, in particular, reveals to the connoisseur listener the soul (or inventive repository) of the composer.
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Giacovazzo, Carmelo. "Charge flipping and VLD (vive la difference)." In Phasing in Crystallography. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199686995.003.0014.
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Direct methods procedures (see Chapter 6) or Patterson techniques (see Chapter 10), primarily the former, have been methods of choice for crystal structure solution of small- to medium-sized molecules from diffraction data. Over the last 30 years, several new phasing algorithms have been proposed, not requiring the use of triplet and quartet invariants, but based only on the properties of Fourier transforms. These were not competitive with direct methods and have never became popular, but they contain a nucleus for further advances. Among these we mention: (i) Bhat (1990) proposed a Metropolis technique (Metropolis et al., 1953; Kirkpatrick et al., 1983; Press et al., 1992), also known as simulated annealing (the reader is referred to Section 12.9 for details on the algorithm). From a random set of phases, an electron density map is calculated, modified, and inverted. The corresponding phases are altered according to the simulated annealing algorithm, and then used to calculate a new electron density map. The procedure is cyclic. (ii) A strictly related simulated annealing procedure has been proposed by Su (1995). The objective function to minimize was . . . R = ∑h (S|Fh|calc − |Fh|obs)2, . . . where S is the scale factor. The scheme is as follows: random atomic positions are generated and in succession shifted; the simulated annealing algorithm is applied to accept or reject atomic shifts. At the end, a new atomic structure is generated, whose positions are shifted in succession, and so on in a cyclic way. (iii) The forced coalescence method (FCP) was proposed by Drendel et al. (1995). Hybrid electron density maps (see Section 7.3.4) were actively used with different values of τ and ω. Even if never popular, the above algorithms opened the way to two other methods which are much more efficient, charge flipping and VLD (vive la difference), to which this chapter is dedicated. Both are based on the properties of the Fourier transform; they do not require the explicit use of structure invariants and seminvariants, or a deep knowledge of their properties. The reader should not, however, conclude that the invariance and seminvariance concepts are not necessary in the handling of these approaches, on the contrary, understanding these basic concepts is essential to the appreciation of these new methods.
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Santos, Clara Cruz, Helena Reis Luz, Vanessa Nunes, and Joana Ricarte. "Portugal between Crises: Justice and Deservingness in the Current Social Protection System." In Direitos Económicos, Sociais e Culturais: Vinculação e (re)construções no Século XXI, 73–86. JUS.XXI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51389/myfp8361.
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Objectives: This paper aims to analyse the evolution of the Welfare State by looking at the intersection between its current reconfigurations in face of great societal crises (2008-09 and 2020) and the emergence of a suspicion speech regarding deservingness of different beneficiaries to the social protection regimes. Method: Critical analysis based on literature review focusing on the genesis of Welfare State in light of the recent transformations occurred within societies, aiming to understand the dimension of deservingness (its conceptualization, application and variables) in the access to the social protection system. Results: The Welfare State is a 20th Century heritage that allowed for the development of social policies grounded on the Keynesian defense of the principle of Universal rights and in the understanding of social solidarity as one of the most visible faces of social justice. Positioned as the core of the social welfare paradigm, the universal social protection system has functioned for three decades as the mechanism for dealing with social risks, simultaneously potentializing social cohesion. A result of several types of mutations, being the crises of the second half/last quartet of the 20th century and the two already remarkable crises of the 21st Century, the social protection systems have suffered from significant influences that have affected their configuration and presuppositions. Above all, it is highlighted the change to an activation model in which the underlying postulate is that of the selectivity based on the logic of deservingness. Conclusions: The identity matrix of the Welfare State has incorporated universal solidarity as a mechanism capable of promoting access to social policies, namely social protection. However, due to the two great social crises of the beginning of the 21st century, the politicization of social deservingness has come to have a greater space both in social representations regarding societal understandings over who deserves differentiate measures and social support and in the political speech that threatens the democratic regime grounded on the rule of law.
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Akhsin Muflikhun, Muhammad, Rahmad Kuncoro Adi, and Gil Nonato C. Santos. "Nanocomposite Material Synthesized Via Horizontal Vapor Phase Growth Technique: Evaluation and Application Perspective." In Nanostructured Materials - Classification, Growth, Simulation, Characterization, and Devices [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101637.
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The synthesis of nanomaterials has been reported by many researchers using different methods. One of the methods that can be used with perfect pureness and have less pollution in the synthesized materials results is the vapor phase growth technique (VPGT). Several types of nano shapes materials were reported such as nanoparticles, nanorods, nano triangular, nanosphere, and nanocrystal. The synthesis method has a fundamental process where the nanomaterials evaporated and condensed based on the temperature difference. There are three important variables, i.e., stochiometric ratio of source materials, temperature and baking time. The synthesis was occured in the quartz tube and sealed in the vacuum condition. This create the material was synthesis in pure and isolated conditions. The application of the nanomaterials synthesized via Horizontal Vapor Phase Growth (HVPG) can be implemented in anti-pathogen, anti-bacterial, gas sensing and coating applications.
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Calvo-Rolle, Jose Luis, José Luis Casteleiro-Roca, María del Carmen Meizoso-López, Andrés José Piñón-Pazos, and Juan Albino Mendez-Perez. "Intelligent Expert System to Optimize the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Characterization Test." In Handbook of Research on Soft Computing and Nature-Inspired Algorithms, 469–88. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2128-0.ch016.
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This chapter describes an approach to reduce significantly the time in the frequency sweep test of a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) characterization method based on the resonance principle of passive components. On this test, the spent time was large, because it was necessary carry out a big frequency sweep due to the fact that the resonance frequency was unknown. Moreover, this frequency sweep has great steps and consequently low accuracy. Then, it was necessary to reduce the sweeps and its steps gradually with the aim to increase the accuracy and thereby being able to find the exact frequency. An intelligent expert system was created as a solution to the disadvantage described of the method. This model provides a much smaller frequency range than the initially employed with the original proposal. This frequency range depends of the circuit components of the method. Then, thanks to the new approach of the QCM characterization is achieved better accuracy and the test time is reduced significantly.
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Olsen, Randall J. "Infrastructure for Survey Data Processing in Urban and Planning Studies." In Online Research Methods in Urban and Planning Studies, 17–36. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0074-4.ch002.
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Applied social science research has increasingly come to rely on surveys to generate detailed data, especially on firms, persons, and households, needed to study social phenomena. The methods used to collect survey data have changed substantially in the past quarter century and appear on the cusp of changing again with the rise of Web-based technologies. These changes can be best implemented by adopting computational methods designed for relational databases. This is true not only for survey data, but also administrative data that government agencies collect, store, and use. In this chapter, the author explains how these changes are best accommodated and how new telecommunications technologies, including Voice over Internet and smart phones, fit into this new paradigm. These techniques dominate survey data collection for urban studies and other fields.
Conference papers on the topic "Quartet based method"
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Tarawneh, Monther, Bing Bing Zhou, Pinghao Wang, and Albert Zomaya. "Investigation of Relationships among Excavate Taxa Using a New Quartet-Based Phylogenetic Analysis Method." In 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (AINAW'07). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ainaw.2007.213.
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Xiao, Wenting, Yuming Liu, and Dick K. P. Yue. "Hunting for Rogue Waves in a Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Wavefield: A Direct Simulation-Based Approach." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80039.
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We describe an investigation of the occurrence, statistics, and generation mechanisms of rogue wave in the open sea using direct three-dimensional phase-resolved nonlinear wavefield simulations. To achieve this we develop an efficient nonlinear wavefield simulation capability based on the high-order spectrum method which solves the primitive phase-resolved Euler equations. The simulations account for nonlinear wave-wave interactions up to an arbitrary high order in the wave steepness and are capable of accounting for effects of bottom bathymetry, variable current, and direct physics-based models for wind input and wave breaking dissipation. We apply direct large-scale simulations to obtain a large number of phase-resolved nonlinear wavefields, initially specified by directional wave spectra. The typical spatial-temporal domain size of such numerical nonlinear wavefields is O(103 km2) over evolution time of O(hr). These spatial and temporal scales account for quartet resonant interactions and partially for quintet resonant interactions among wave components in the wavefield. From the simulated nonlinear wavefields, rogue wave events are identified and their occurrence statistics are studied. It is shown that the classic linear theory (i.e. Rayleigh distribution) significantly underestimates the rogue wave occurrence. Second-order theory improves the Rayleigh prediction, but still underestimates the rogue wave occurrence in wavefields with moderately large wave steepness and relatively narrow directional spreading and spectrum bandwidth. The influence of key wave spectrum parameters (such as significant wave height, directional spreading, effective steepness, and spectrum bandwidth) on the rogue wave occurrence is analyzed. The classification of rogue waves according to their configuration is also obtained. The key characteristics of a rogue wave or rogue wave group in terms of kinematics and surface structure are analyzed and quantified. The nonlinear wave simulations, which provide full three-dimensional kinematics and dynamics of rogue wave events, provide a powerful tool for understanding the underlying mechanisms of their generation. They are elucidated by specific examples.
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Gramstad, Odin, and Alexander Babanin. "Implementing New Nonlinear Term in Third Generation Wave Models." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24677.
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The non-linear interaction term is one of the three key source functions in every third-generation spectral wave model. An update of physics of this term is discussed. The standard statistical/phase-averaged description of the nonlinear transfer of energy in the wave spectrum (wave-turbulence) is based on Hasselmann’s kinetic equation [1]. In the derivation of the kinetic equation (KE) it is assumed that the evolution takes place on the slow O(ε−4) time scale, where ε is the wave steepness. This excludes the effects of near-resonant quartet interactions that may lead to spectral evolution on the ‘fast’ O(ε−2) time scale. Generalizations of the KE (GKE) that enable description of spectral evolution on the O(ε−2) time scale [2–4] are discussed. The GKE, first solved numerically in [4], is implemented as a source term in the third generation wave model WAVEWATCH-III. The new source term (GKE) is tested and compared to the other nonlinear-interaction source terms in WAVEWATCH-III; the full KE (WRT method) and the approximate DIA method. It is shown that the GKE gives similar results to the KE in the case of a relatively broad banded and directional spread spectrum, while it shows somewhat larger difference in the case of a more narrow banded spectrum with narrower directional distribution. We suggest that the GKE may be a suitable replacement to the KE in situations where ‘fast’ spectral evolution takes place.
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Wu, Long, and Lei Zuo. "A Novel Performance Analysis Method for a Full Vehicle Suspension Based on Quarter Car Model." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67343.
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In vehicle dynamics researchers traditionally investigate the suspension performance based on a quarter car model and then reestablish a comprehensive model for the full car by considering additional degrees of freedom (DOF). Based on the derivation of the coupling ratios between the sprung mass of a full car and four sprung masses of quarter cars, the analysis of a full vehicle dynamics with fourteen DOFs in vertical and lateral directions is possible. The full car model can be expressed by four independent quarter car models. An analysis method will be investigated in order to provide a novel performance estimation for a full vehicle suspension. The case study shows that the vibrations of a full vehicle can be quantitatively obtained based on the test results of quarter suspensions.
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Krauze, Piotr, and Jerzy Kasprzyk. "Neural network based LQ control of a semiactive quarter-car model." In 2013 18th International Conference on Methods & Models in Automation & Robotics (MMAR). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmar.2013.6669904.
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Pence, Benjamin L., Hosam K. Fathy, and Jeffrey L. Stein. "A Base-Excitation Approach to Polynomial Chaos-Based Estimation of Sprung Mass for Off-Road Vehicles." In ASME 2009 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2009-2641.
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This paper presents a novel method for identifying in real-time the sprung mass of a 2-DOF quarter-car suspension model. It does so by uniquely combining the base-excitation concept with polynomial chaos estimation. This unique combination of the two methods provides two important benefits. First, the base-excitation concept makes it possible to estimate the sprung mass without explicitly measuring or knowing the terrain profile prior to estimation. Second, the polynomial chaos estimation strategy makes it possible to perform such mass estimation using sprung and unsprung acceleration measurements without pseudo-integration filters that can be difficult to tune. This paper derives the proposed method in detail and presents computer simulations to evaluate its convergence speed and accuracy. The simulation results consistently converge to within 10% of the true mass value typically within 120 seconds.
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Zhu, Xian-Kui, and Brian N. Leis. "Effective Methods to Determine Stress Intensity Factors for 2D and 3D Cracks." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33120.
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Increasing concern for crack assessment in the pipeline industry motivates analysis to quantify the crack driving force, with the linear-elastic fracture mechanics stress intensity factor, denoted K, viable for many vintage pipeline applications. This paper presents a brief review of numerical methods developed for calculating K via the finite element analysis (FEA) as a background to identify the “best” approaches for such purposes. The existing methods can be categorized into three groups: the displacement-based methods, the stress-based methods, and the energy-based methods. The first group involves the displacement extrapolation method, the quarter-point displacement method, and the displacement correction method. The second group involves the stress extrapolation method and the force method. The third group includes the J-integral method, the stiffness derivative method, the virtual crack extension method, the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) and ABAQUS direct K output method. Based on the review, four methods were selected and evaluated for a central-cracked plate (CCP) specimen based on the FEA calculations via ABAQUS. The “best” methods are then applied in an analysis of K for through-wall cracks in a line pipe — important reference geometry for leak-versus-rupture analysis.
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Wakeham, Keith J., and D. Geoff Rideout. "Model Complexity Requirements in Design of Half Car Active Suspension Controllers." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-5955.
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This paper investigates the appropriate level of model complexity when designing optimal vehicle active suspension controllers using the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) method. The LQR method requires the formulation of a performance index with weighting factors to penalize the three competing objectives in suspension design: suspension travel (rattle space), sprung mass acceleration (ride quality) and tire deflection (road-holding). The optimal control gains are determined from the solution of a matrix Riccati equation with dimension equal to the number of state variables in the model. A quarter car model with four states thus poses a far less onerous formulation problem than a half or full car model with eight or more states. However, half and full car models are often assumed to be more accurate than quarter car models, and necessary for capturing and controlling degrees of freedom such as pitch and roll motion which are not directly available from a quarter car. The vertical acceleration, pitch acceleration and roadholding of a pitch plane vehicle are controlled in this paper using both quarter and half car-based controllers. First, optimal gains are calculated for each of the front and rear actuators assuming that the front and rear of the vehicle can be separately modeled as quarter cars with four states each. Then, half car-based optimal gains, based on feedback of eight states for the entire vehicle, are computed. Using quarter car-based controllers at the front and rear of a half car gives superior performance in reducing sprung mass inertial acceleration, and can effectively control pitch motion even when interactions between front and rear suspensions are not decoupled. Minimizing vertical motion of the front and rear ends indirectly regulates pitch motion. Improvements resulting from the additional complexity of the half car-based controller are seen only when the weighting factor for pitch suppression is very high in the performance index.
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Holozadah, Bayan, and Shaligram Pokharel. "A Framework for Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing for Orthopedic Procedure." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0116.
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This study used method of Time-Driven Activity-Based costing (TDABC) approach to examined cost reduction in healthcare sector, Knee Arthroplasty Department in Al-Emadi Hospital as case-study for delivering a primary knee arthroplasty consultation. The purpose of the study is to propose an optimization model that tends to determine significant and insignificant resources and cost uncertainties in a particular healthcare service. Then compare results of optimization model with current costing methods used in healthcare. Eight-steps of TDABC method are applied to obtain Capacity Cost Rate (CCR) of each human resource involved in care-delivery cycle. Data was collected from interviewing staff and patients, financial reports, and human resource reports. Multiple linear regression (MLR) model is used to test strength of relationship between time and cost variable. Optimization model applied to decrease uncertainties by using Least Square method. Optimized model showed that human resources are not fully utilized which leads to error in costing model. Seven human resources out of eight are significant to model. Accuracy of optimized model is equal to 3%, with RMSE equal to 6. Total cost of the optimized model equal $177,492.45 which is better simulate actual cost $180,048. The research value is about building a new statistical model using MLR analysis to predict behavior and data trend of main healthcare segmentation: Human Resource. Also, propose a generic optimization model that can be used for specific healthcare service costing.
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Zhang, Qiong, and Hany Abdel-Khalik. "Development of SUBSPACE-Based Hybrid Monte Carlo-Deterministic Algorithms for Reactor Physics Calculations." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16784.
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This paper presents an innovative hybrid Monte-Carlo-Deterministic method denoted by the SUBSPACE method designed for improving the efficiency of hybrid methods for reactor analysis applications. The SUBSPACE method achieves its high computational efficiency by taking advantage of the existing correlations between desired responses. Recently, significant gains in computational efficiency have been demonstrated using this method for source driven problems. Within this work the mathematical theory behind the SUBSPACE method is introduced and the performance is demonstrated based on a fixed-source problem. Furthermore, the SUBSPACE method has been successfully extended to address core wide level k-eigenvalue problems. The method’s efficiency is demonstrated based on a three-dimensional quarter-core problem, where responses are sought on the pin cell level. The SUBSPACE method is compared to the FW-CADIS method and is found to be more efficient for the utilized test problem because of the reason that the FW-CADIS (Forward Weighted Consistent Adjoint Driven Importance Sampling) method solves a forward eigenvalue problem and an adjoint fixed-source problem while the SUBSPACE method only solves an adjoint fixed-source problem. Based on the favorable results obtained here, we are confident that the applicability of Monte Carlo for large scale reactor analysis could be realized in the near future.
Reports on the topic "Quartet based method"
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Baral, Aniruddha, Jeffery Roesler, and Junryu Fu. Early-age Properties of High-volume Fly Ash Concrete Mixes for Pavement: Volume 2. Illinois Center for Transportation, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-031.
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High-volume fly ash concrete (HVFAC) is more cost-efficient, sustainable, and durable than conventional concrete. This report presents a state-of-the-art review of HVFAC properties and different fly ash characterization methods. The main challenges identified for HVFAC for pavements are its early-age properties such as air entrainment, setting time, and strength gain, which are the focus of this research. Five fly ash sources in Illinois have been repeatedly characterized through x-ray diffraction, x-ray fluorescence, and laser diffraction over time. The fly ash oxide compositions from the same source but different quarterly samples were overall consistent with most variations observed in SO3 and MgO content. The minerals present in various fly ash sources were similar over multiple quarters, with the mineral content varying. The types of carbon present in the fly ash were also characterized through x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, loss on ignition, and foam index tests. A new computer vision–based digital foam index test was developed to automatically capture and quantify a video of the foam layer for better operator and laboratory reliability. The heat of hydration and setting times of HVFAC mixes for different cement and fly ash sources as well as chemical admixtures were investigated using an isothermal calorimeter. Class C HVFAC mixes had a higher sulfate imbalance than Class F mixes. The addition of chemical admixtures (both PCE- and lignosulfonate-based) delayed the hydration, with the delay higher for the PCE-based admixture. Both micro- and nano-limestone replacement were successful in accelerating the setting times, with nano-limestone being more effective than micro-limestone. A field test section constructed of HVFAC showed the feasibility and importance of using the noncontact ultrasound device to measure the final setting time as well as determine the saw-cutting time. Moreover, field implementation of the maturity method based on wireless thermal sensors demonstrated its viability for early opening strength, and only a few sensors with pavement depth are needed to estimate the field maturity.
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Semerikov, Serhiy, Hanna Kucherova, Vita Los, and Dmytro Ocheretin. Neural Network Analytics and Forecasting the Country's Business Climate in Conditions of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). CEUR Workshop Proceedings, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812//123456789/4364.
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The prospects for doing business in countries are also determined by the business confidence index. The purpose of the article is to model trends in indicators that determine the state of the business climate of countries, in particular, the period of influence of the consequences of COVID-19 is of scientific interest. The approach is based on the preliminary results of substantiating a set of indicators and applying the taxonomy method to substantiate an alternative indicator of the business climate, the advantage of which is its advanced nature. The most significant factors influencing the business climate index were identified, in particular, the annual GDP growth rate and the volume of retail sales. The similarity of the trends in the calculated and actual business climate index was obtained, the forecast values were calculated with an accuracy of 89.38%. And also, the obtained modeling results were developed by means of building and using neural networks with learning capabilities, which makes it possible to improve the quality and accuracy of the business climate index forecast up to 96.22%. It has been established that the consequences of the impact of COVID-19 are forecasting a decrease in the level of the country's business climate index in the 3rd quarter of 2020. The proposed approach to modeling the country's business climate is unified, easily applied to the macroeconomic data of various countries, demonstrates a high level of accuracy and quality of forecasting. The prospects for further research are modeling the business climate of the countries of the world in order to compare trends and levels, as well as their changes under the influence of quarantine restrictions.
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Youth talk about sexuality: A participatory assessment of adolescent sexual and reproductive health in Lusaka, Zambia. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1998.1023.
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Thirty-six percent of Zambia’s 9 million inhabitants are between 10 and 19 years of age, and most adolescents are sexually active by their mid-teens. Pregnant teenagers have an elevated risk of maternal mortality and complications related to birth. In 1990, at Lusaka’s University Teaching Hospital, self-induced abortion accounted for up to 30 percent of maternal mortality, and one-quarter of these deaths occurred in women under 18 years. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major health problem for adolescents, yet only a small proportion protect themselves from pregnancy and STIs. There are many barriers to improving the situation, including opposition by parents and teachers to the use of modern contraceptive methods. CARE Zambia is conducting a study to test community-based strategies that increase knowledge of, demand for, and use of barrier methods to reduce unprotected intercourse among out-of-school adolescents in peri-urban Lusaka. As noted in this report, adolescent behavior change will be measured as the prevalence of barrier method use, number of sexual partners, FP attitudes, and measures of self-esteem and responsibility among participants.