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1
Branch, Jane Varpu. "Transport studies of the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276529.
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Jentschura, Ulrich [Verfasser]. "Quantum Electrodynamic Bound-State Calculations and Large-Order Perturbation Theory / Ulrich Jentschura." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1174514426/34.
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Jentschura, Ulrich D. [Verfasser]. "Quantum Electrodynamic Bound-State Calculations and Large-Order Perturbation Theory / Ulrich Jentschura." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2018123004421660355078.
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Jentschura, Ulrich D. [Verfasser]. "Quantum electrodynamic bound state calculations and large order perturbation theory / by Ulrich Jentschura." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/968750435/34.
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Cakir, Halil [Verfasser], and Zoltán [Akademischer Betreuer] Harman. "Quantum Electrodynamic Theory of Few-Electron Highly Charged Ions / Halil Cakir ; Betreuer: Zoltán Harman." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213902452/34.
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Zhang, Ou, and Ou Zhang. "Effective Field Theories for Quantum Chromo- and Electrodynamics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621825.
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Effective field theories (EFTs) provide frameworks to systematically improve perturbation expansions in quantum field theory. This improvement is essential in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) predictions, both at low energy in the description of low momentum hadron-hadron scattering and at high energy in the description of electron-positron, proton-proton, proton-electron collisions. It is also important in quantum electrodynamics (QED), when electrons interact with a high-intensity, long-wavelength classical field. I introduce the principles and methods of effective field theory and describe my work in three EFTs: First, in the perturbative QCD region, I use soft collinear effective theory (SCET) to prove that strong interaction soft radiation is universal and to increase the QCD accuracy to next-to-next-to-next-to leading logarithm order for new particle searches in hadron colliders. I also compute a new class of non-perturbative, large logarithmic enhancement arising near the elastic limits of deep inelastic scattering and Drell-Yan processes. Second, in the QCD confinement region, I use heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory to study near-threshold enhancements in the scattering of 𝐷 and 𝜋 mesons near the threshold for the excited 𝐷-meson state, 𝐷*, as well as in the scattering of 𝐷 and 𝐷* mesons near the threshold for the exotic hadron X(3872). This work provides a clear picture of the hadronic molecule X(3872) and more profound understanding of the nuclear force between hadrons. Finally, inspired by SCET, I construct a new electron-laser effective field theory to describe highly-relativistic electrons traveling in strong laser fields, extract the universal distribution of electrons in strong electromagnetic backgrounds and its evolution in energy from the separated momentum scales of emitted photons and classical radiation, and predict the rate of wide angle photon emission. I conclude with limitations of EFT methods and some perspectives on what new work may be achieved with these EFTs.
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Jenkins, Stewart David. "Theory of light -atomic ensemble interactions entanglement, storage, and retrieval /." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-09252006-175848/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.Kennedy, T. A. Brian, Committee Chair ; Kuzmich, Alex, Committee Member ; Chapman, Michael S., Committee Member ; Raman, Chandra, Committee Member ; Morley, Thomas D., Committee Member.
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Roulstone, Ian. "Twister theory and the infrared problems of classical fields." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259829.
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Jentschura, Ulrich. "Quantum Electrodynamic Bound-State Calculations and Large-Order Perturbation Theory. - (This manuscript is also available - in the form of a book - from Shaker Verlag GmbH, Postfach 101818, 52018 Aachen, Germany world-wide web address: http://www.shaker.de, electronic-mail address: info@shaker.de. It has been posted on the web sites of Dresden University of Technology with the permission of the publisher.)." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2002. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24235.
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The accurate calculation of atomic spectra, including radiative corrections, is one of the rather challenging tasks in theoretical physics. The entire formalism of quantum (gauge) field theory, augmented by the difficulties of the bound-state formalism, is needed for an accurate understanding of the relevant physics at the level of current high-precision spectroscopy. In this thesis, several calculations in this area are described in detail. Investigations on large-order perturbation-theory effects (and predictive limits of perturbation theory) supplement these investigations. In the context of applications, numerical algorithms for the acceleration of the convergence of series are discussed.
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Elliott, Matthew. "Theory of nonclassical photonic states in driven-dissipative circuit quantum electrodynamics." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2017. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/841210/.
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Superconducting circuits provide an architecture upon which cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) can be implemented at microwave frequencies in a highly tunable environment. Known as circuit QED, these systems can achieve larger nonlinearities, stronger coupling and greater controllability than can be achieved in cavity QED, all in a customisable, solid state device, making this technology an exciting test bed for both quantum optics and quantum information processing. These new parameter regimes open up new avenues for quantum technology, while also allowing older quantum optics results to finally be tested. In particular is is now possible to experimentally produce nonclassical states, such as squeezed and Schr\"odinger cat states, relatively simply in these devices. Using open quantum systems methods, in this thesis we investigate four problems which involve the use of nonclassical states in circuit QED. First we investigate the effects of a Kerr nonlinearity on the ability to preserve transported squeezed states in a superconducting cavity, and whether this setup permits us to generate, and perform tomography, of a highly squeezed field using a qubit, with possible applications in the characterisation of sources of squeezed microwaves. Second, we present a novel scheme for the amplification of cat states using a coupled qubit and external microwave drives, inspired by the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. This scheme differs from similar techniques in circuit QED in that it is deterministic and therefore compatible with a protocol for stabilising cat states without the need for complex dissipation engineering. Next we use solutions of Fokker-Planck equations to study the exact steady-state response of two nonlinear systems: a transmon qubit coupled to a readout resonator, where we find good agreement with experiments and see simultaneous bistability of the cavity and transmon; and a parametrically driven nonlinear resonator, where we compare the classical and quantum phases of the system and discuss applications in the generation of squeezed states and stabilisation of cat states. Finally, we investigate the use of two different types of superconducting qubits in a single experiment, seeing that this enables engineering of the self- and cross-Kerr effects in a line of cavities. This could provide a valuable means of entangling cavity states, in addition to a resource for quantum simulation.
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Allcock, Philip. "A microscopic quantum electrodynamical theory of novel nonlinear optical processes." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338097.
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Jentschura, Ulrich. "Quantum Electrodynamic Bound-State Calculations and Large-Order Perturbation Theory. - (This manuscript is also available - in the form of a book - from Shaker Verlag GmbH, Postfach 101818, 52018 Aachen, Germany world-wide web address: http://www.shaker.de, electronic-mail address: info@shaker.de. It has been posted on the web sites of Dresden University of Technology with the permission of the publisher.)." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968750435.
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Kim, Soo Y. "Cold single atoms for cavity QED experiments." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26581.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Chapman, Michael; Committee Member: Citrin, David; Committee Member: Kennedy, T. A. Brian; Committee Member: Kuzmich, Alexander; Committee Member: Raman, Chandra. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Weidt, Sebastian. "Towards microwave based ion trap quantum technology." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48893/.
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Scalability is a challenging yet key aspect required for large scale quantum computing and simulation using ions trapped in radio-frequency (rf) Paul traps. In this thesis 171Yb+ ions are used to demonstrate a magnetic field insensitive qubit which has a measured coherence time of 1.5 s, making it an ideal candidate to use for storing quantum information. A magnetic field sensitive qubit is also characterised which can be used for the implementation of multi-qubit gates using a potentially very scalable scheme based on microwaves in conjunction with a static magnetic field gradient instead of using lasers. However, the measured coherence time is limited by magnetic field fluctuations and will prohibit high fidelity gate operations from being performed. To address this issue, the preparation of a dressed-state qubit using a microwave based stimulated rapid adiabatic passage (STIRAP) pulse sequence will be presented. This qubit is protected against the noisy environment making it less sensitive to magnetic field fluctuations. The lifetime of this qubit is measured to demonstrate its suitability for storing quantum information. A powerful method for manipulating the dressed-state qubit will be presented and is used to measure a coherence time of the qubit of 500 ms which is two orders of magnitude longer compared to the magnetic field sensitive qubit. It will also be shown that our method allows for the implementation of arbitrary rotations of the dressed-state qubit on the Bloch sphere using only a single rf field. This substantially simplifies the experimental setup for single and multi-qubit gates. Furthermore, this thesis will present a experimental setup capable of successfully operating microfabricated surface ion traps. This setup is then used to operate and characterise the first two-dimensional (2D) lattice of ion traps on a microchip. A unique feature of the microfabrication technique used for this device is the extremely large voltage that can be applied which allows long ion lifetimes along with large secular frequencies to be measured, demonstrating the robustness of this device. Rudimentary shuttling between neighbouring lattice sites will be shown which could be used as part of a efficient scheme to load a large lattice of ions. One of the many applications of a 2D lattice of ions lies in the field of quantum simulations where many-body systems such as quantum magnetism, high temperature superconductivity, the fractional quantum hall effect and synthetic gauge fields can be simulated. It will be shown how making only minor modifications to the microchip the ion-ion separation can be reduced sufficiently to offer an exciting platform for the successful implementation of 2D quantum simulations. A theoretical investigation on the optimal 2D ion trap lattice geometry will also be presented with the aim to maximise the ratio of ion-ion coupling strength to decoherence from motional heating of the ions and to laser induced off-resonant coupling.
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Gray, Norman. "Dimensionally regulated on-shell renormalisation in QCD and QED." Thesis, n.p, 1991. http://oro.open.ac.uk/19423/.
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Gagnon, Jean-Sébastien. "Leading order calculation of transport coefficients in hot quantum electrodynamics from diagrammatic methods." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103198.
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We compute the electrical conductivity and shear viscosity at leading order in hot Quantum Electrodynamics. Starting from the Kubo relation for electrical conductivity and shear viscosity, we use diagrammatic methods to write down the appropriate integral equations for bosonic and fermionic effective vertices. We also show how Ward identities can be used to put constraints on these integral equations. One of our main results is an equation relating the kernels of the integral equations with functional derivatives of the full self-energy; it is similar to what is obtained with two-particle-irreducible effective action methods. However, since we use Ward identities as our starting point, gauge invariance is preserved. Using these constraints obtained from Ward identities and also power counting arguments, we select the necessary diagrams that must be resummed at leading order. This includes all non-collinear (corresponding to 2 to 2 scatterings) and collinear (corresponding to 1+N to 2+N collinear scatterings) rungs responsible for the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect. We also show the equivalence between our integral equations and the linearized Boltzmann equations of Arnold, Moore and Yaffe obtained using effective kinetic theory.
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Jenkins, Robert David. "Higher order energy transfer : quantum electrodynamical calculations and graphical representation." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327601.
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Lapitski, Denis. "Development of the Quantum Lattice Boltzmann method for simulation of quantum electrodynamics with applications to graphene." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e89cd11b-da2c-4c34-be9f-7b3d711e2e64.
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We investigate the simulations of the the Schrödinger equation using the onedimensional quantum lattice Boltzmann (QLB) scheme and the irregular behaviour of solution. We isolate error due to approximation of the Schrödinger solution with the non-relativistic limit of the Dirac equation and numerical error in solving the Dirac equation. Detailed analysis of the original scheme showed it to be first order accurate. By discretizing the Dirac equation consistently on both sides we derive a second order accurate QLB scheme with the same evolution algorithm as the original and requiring only a one-time unitary transformation of the initial conditions and final output. We show that initializing the scheme in a way that is consistent with the non-relativistic limit supresses the oscillations around the Schrödinger solution. However, we find the QLB scheme better suited to simulation of relativistic quantum systems governed by the Dirac equation and apply it to the Klein paradox. We reproduce the quantum tunnelling results of previous research and show second order convergence to the theoretical wave packet transmission probability. After identifying and correcting the error in the multidimensional extension of the original QLB scheme that produced asymmetric solutions, we expand our second order QLB scheme to multiple dimensions. Next we use the QLB scheme to simulate Klein tunnelling of massless charge carriers in graphene, compare with theoretical solutions and study the dependence of charge transmission on the incidence angle, wave packet and potential barrier shape. To do this we derive a representation of the Dirac-like equation governing charge carriers in graphene for the one-dimensional QLB scheme, and derive a two-dimensional second order graphene QLB scheme for more accurate simulation of wave packets. We demonstrate charge confinement in a graphene device using a configuration of multiple smooth potential barriers, thereby achieving a high ratio of on/off current with potential application in graphene field effect transistors for logic devices. To allow simulation in magnetic or pseudo-magnetic fields created by deformation of graphene, we expand the scheme to include vector potentials. In addition, we derive QLB schemes for bilayer graphene and the non-linear Dirac equation governing Bose-Einstein condensates in hexagonal optical lattices.
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Henkel, Carsten. "Coherence theory of atomic de Broglie waves and electromagnetic near fields." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://pub.ub.uni-potsdam.de/2004/0027/henkel.pdf.
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Fukuda, Masahiro. "Theoretical Studies of Quantum Electrodynamics for Local Picture of Electron Spin and Time-evolution Simulation Method of Operators." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215962.
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Schäfer, Christian [Verfasser], and Angel [Akademischer Betreuer] Rubio. "On the interface of quantum electrodynamics and electronic structure theory : Cavity QED / Christian Schäfer ; Betreuer: Angel Rubio." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1214370543/34.
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Popescu, Adrian. "Carbon Nanotubes Interactions: Theory and Applications." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3294.
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A theoretical framework describing the carbon nanotubes interaction, involving two distinct approaches, is presented. Based on the results obtained practical applications using carbon nanotubes are further proposed.
First a classical approach is employed for different geometrical configurations, such as parallel or concentric carbon nanotubes. For all the cases analytical expressions for the systems potential energies are derived.
The results obtained using the classical approach are used to propose a few practical applications. These applications include a non-contact device for profiling surfaces and a custom telescopic double wall carbon nanotube for nanolithography applications. It is expected that such devices can be effectively used with major advantages.
Next the interaction between nanotubes is considered using a quantum electrodynamics approach suitable for dispersing and absorbing media. Each carbon nanotube is characterized by its individual full dielectric response. The method also allows taking into account the full carbon nanotube cylindrical geometry by imposing the appropriate boundary conditions at the nanotubes surfaces.
It is found that at small nanotube separations, similar to their equilibrium distances, the interaction is dominated by the collective excitations in the electron energy loss spectra originating from interband transitions. Furthermore, it is shown that the collective surface excitations and their chirality dependent characteristics play a profound role in the interaction strength in double wall carbon nanotube systems. The obtained results are in good agreement with experimental measurements on determining the chirality of individual double wall carbon nanotubes
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Corson, John Purvis. "Photoemission from a Laser-Driven Electron Wave Packet." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3040.
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We use quantum electrodynamics (QED) to investigate the possibility of radiative interference from a single laser-driven electron wave packet. Intuition gleaned from classical electrodynamics suggests that radiation from a large electron wave packet might interfere destructively when different regions of the packet oscillate out of phase with each other. We show that when the incident light is represented with a multi-mode coherent state, the relative phases of the electron's constituent momenta have no influence of the amount of scattered light. Hence, the radiation does not depend on the amount of free-particle spreading experienced by the electron before the interaction. This result is shown to hold to all orders of perturbation theory. We extend our conclusions using the Furry picture of QED, where the (now-classical) incident light pulse is treated non-perturbatively with Volkov functions. We connect our results to a first-quantized picture by comparing transition probabilities between QED and semiclassical models. We are able to match these probabilities by choosing the classical scattered light field to be a single mode with energy hω'.
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Sars, Matthias Christiaan Bernhard. "Parametric representation of Feynman amplitudes in gauge theories." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17302.
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In dieser Arbeit wird eine systematische Methode gegeben um die Amplituden in (skalarer) Quantenelektrodynamik und nicht-Abelsche Eichtheorien in Schwinger-parametrische Form zu schreiben. Dies wird erreicht in dem der Zähler der Feynmanregeln im Impulsraum in einem Differentialoperator umgewandelt wird. Dieser Differentialoperator wirkt dann auf den parametrichen Integranden der skalaren Theorie. Für die QED ist das am einfachsten, weil die Leibnizregel hier nicht nötig ist. Im Fall der sQED und den nicht-Abelsche Eichtheorien stehen die Beiträge der Leibnizregel in Verbindung mit 4-valente Vertices. Eine andere Eigenschaft dieser Methode ist, dass mit dem hier benutzten Renormierungsschema die Subtraktionen für 1-scale Graphen signifikante Vereinfachungen verursachen. Weiterhin wurden die Ward-Identitäte für die genannten drei Theorien studiert.In this thesis a systematic method is given for writing the amplitudes in (scalar) quantum electrodynamics and non-Abelian gauge theories in Schwinger parametric form. This is done by turning the numerator of the Feynman rules in momentum space into a differential operator. It acts then on the parametric integrand of the scalar theory. For QED it is the most straightforward, because the Leibniz rule is not involved here. In the case of sQED and non-Abelian gauge theories, the contributions from the Leibniz rule are satisfyingly related to 4-valent vertices. Another feature of this method is that in the used renormalization scheme, the subtractions for 1-scale graphs cause significant simplifications. Furthermore, the Ward identities for mentioned three theories are studied.
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Beltran, Ramirez Jhosep Victorino. "On equivalence of scalar quantum electrodynamics via Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau and Klein-Gordon-Fock formalism using causal perturbation theory approach /." São Paulo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153869.
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Orientador: Bruto Max Pimentel EscobarBanca: Edmundo Capelas de Oliveira
Banca: Julio Marny Hoff da Silva
Banca: Pedro José Pompeia
Banca: Rodrigo Rocha Cuzinatto
Resumo: Nesta tese utilizamos a teoria de perturbação causal para estudar a eletrodinâmica quântica escalar com os campos de Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau. Determinamos as seções de choque diferenciais no nível da árvore, o tensor de polarização do vácuo, a função de auto energia e a renormalizabilidade da teoria. Depois disso, comparamos nossos resultados com os obtidos através dos campos de Klein-Gordon-Fock, determinando que eles não são completamente equivalentes
Abstract: In this Thesis we use causal perturbation theory to study scalar quantum electrodynamics with Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau fields. We determine the differential cross sections at the tree level, the vacuum polarization tensor, self energy function and the normalizability of the theory. After that, we compare our results with those ones obtained via Klein-Gordon-Fock fields determining that they are not completely equivalent
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Beltrán, Ramirez Jhosep Victorino. "On equivalence of scalar quantum electrodynamics via Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau and Klein-Gordon-Fock formalism using causal perturbation theory approach." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153869.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Nesta tese utilizamos a teoria de perturbação causal para estudar a eletrodinâmica quântica escalar com os campos de Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau. Determinamos as seções de choque diferenciais no nível da árvore, o tensor de polarização do vácuo, a função de auto energia e a renormalizabilidade da teoria. Depois disso, comparamos nossos resultados com os obtidos através dos campos de Klein-Gordon-Fock, determinando que eles não são completamente equivalentes
In this Thesis we use causal perturbation theory to study scalar quantum electrodynamics with Du n-Kemmer-Petiau elds. We determine the differential cross sections at the tree level, the vacuum polarization tensor, self energy function and the normalizability of the theory. After that, we compare our results with those ones obtained via Klein-Gordon-Fock elds determining that they are not completely equivalenttf
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Metikas, Georgios. "Aspects of thermal field theory with applications to superconductivity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312156.
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Ghadirian, Bahman. "A new regularization procedure for calculating the Casimir energy." View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/24942.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2008.A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographical references.
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Lopes, Caio Vinicius Costa. "Resposta não linear do vácuo a distribuições de correntes na ausência de um campo externo de fundo e suas aplicações a pulsares e estrelas de quarks." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-07102014-143531/.
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Nesta dissertação de mestrado, nós encontramos a correção não linear aos campos elétrico e magnético produzidos por distribuições de cargas estacionárias, como o monopolo elétrico e o dipolo magnético homogeneamente polarizado em repouso, no vácuo, ou seja, imersas em um campo externo de fundo nulo. A função de resposta não linear é dada pelo tensor de polarização de quarta ordem, devido ao espalhamento de dois fótons, e é escrita dentro da aproximação da ação efetiva em eletrodinâmica quântica. Como aplicações realizamos estimativas numéricas para a correção dos campos produzidos em pulsares e estrelas de quarks, e concluímos quão relevantes são tais correções. Além disto, justicamos a divergência da autoenergia de uma carga eletrostática puntiforme (catástrofe ultravioleta) através do efeito de não linearidade.On this masters dissertation, we fi nd a nonlinear correction to the electric and magnetic fi elds produced by stationary charge distributions, like the electric monopole and the magnetic dipole uniformly polarized, at rest, in the vacuum, that is, it is immersed in a null external background fi eld. The nonlinear response function is given by the fourth rank polarization tensor due to the scattering of two photons, and it is written within the approximation of e¤ective action in quantum electrodynamics. As applications, numerical estimates are evaluated for the correction of the fields produced in quark stars and pulsars, and we conclude how relevant are such corrections. Furthermore, we explaned the self-energys divergence of a puntiform electrostatic charge (ultraviolet catastroph) through the nonlinear effect.
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Simpson, William M. R. "Surprises in theoretical Casimir physics : quantum forces in inhomogeneous media." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6338.
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This thesis considers the problem of determining Casimir-Lifshitz forces in inhomogeneous media. The ground-state energy of the electromagnetic field in a piston-geometry is discussed. When the cavity is empty, the Casimir pressure on the piston is finite and independent of the small-scale physics of the media that compose the mirrors. However, it is demonstrated that, when the cavity is filled with an inhomogeneous dielectric medium, the Casimir energy is cut-off dependent. The local behavior of the stress tensor commonly used in calculations of Casimir forces is also determined. It is shown that the usual expression for the stress tensor is not finite anywhere within such a medium, whatever the temporal dispersion or index profile, and that this divergence is unlikely to be removed by modifying the regularisation. These findings suggest that the value of the Casimir pressure may be inextricably dependent on the detailed behavior of the mirror and the medium at large wave vectors. This thesis also examines two exceptions to this rule: first, the case of an idealised metamaterial is considered which, when introduced into a cavity, reduces the magnitude of the Casimir force. It is shown that, although the medium is inhomogeneous, it does not contribute additional scattering events but simply modifies the effective length of the cavity, so the predicted force is finite and can be stated exactly. Secondly, a geometric argument is presented for determining a Casimir stress in a spherical mirror filled with the inhomogeneous medium of Maxwell's fish-eye. This solution questions the idea that the Casimir force of a spherical mirror is repulsive, but prompts additional questions concerning regularisation and the role of non-local effects in determining Casimir forces.
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Seyedi, Shila Seyedi. "QFT and Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-425891.
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The aim of this project is to understand the structure of the Standard Model of the particle physics. Therefore quantum field theories (QFT) are studied in the both cases of abelian and non-abelian gauge theories i.e. quantum electrodynamics (QED), quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and electroweak interaction are reviewed. The solution to the mass problem arising in these theories i.e. spontaneous symmetry breaking is also studied.Syftet med detta projekt är att förstå strukturen för partikelfysikens standardmodell. Därför studeras kvantfältsteorier (QFT) i båda fallen av abelska och icke-abelska gaugeteorier, dvs kvantelektrodynamik (QED), kvantkromodynamik (QCD) och elektrosvag växelverkan granskas. Lösningen på massproblemet som uppstår i dessa teorier, dvs. spontant symmetribrott studeras också.
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Da, silva Antonio. "Theoretical determination of optical properties for sapphire doped with titanium from its microscopy and analysis of its capabilities for laser without population inversion." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX075/document.
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Cet exposé est scindé en deux grandes parties. Dans la première, nous estimons des constantes photo-physiques du saphir dopé au titane à partir d'un modèle analytique simple exploitant une théorie de Huang-Rhys pour la détermination du profil spectral des bandes simples et une hypothèse réaliste de superposition de ces dernières. Nous déterminons une formule pour l'indice de réfraction total du Ti:saphir en fonction de la concentration de dopant. Dans une seconde partie, nous évaluons, selon la vérification d'un concept, la capacité de laser sana inversion de populations pour un cristal dopé possédant une basse symétrie. Nous appuyons notre démonstration en établissant une condition de seuil généralisée d'effet laser. Ce concept pourrait être une rupture technologique dans le domaine des grands cristaux dopés et n'a pas encore été investigué par la communautéThis presentation is split into two main parts. In the first, we estimate photo-physical constants of titanium doped sapphire from a simple analytical model using a Huang-Rhys theory for the determination of the spectral profile of simple bands and from a realistic hypothesis of superposition of the latter. We define a formula for the total refractive index of Ti:sapphire as a function of dopant concentration. In a second part, we evaluate, according to the verification of a concept, the laser capability without population inversion for a doped crystal with low symmetry. We support our demonstration by establishing a generalized laser threshold condition. This concept would be a technological breakthrough in the field of large doped crystals and has not yet been investigated by the community
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Söderberg, Alexander. "Renormalization in Field Theories." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-251561.
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Several different approaches to renormalization are studied. The Callan-Symanzik equation is derived and we study its beta functions. An effective potential for the Coleman-Weinberg model is studied to find that the beta function is positive and that spontaneous symmetry breaking will occur if we expand around the classical field. Lastly we renormalize a non-abelian gaugetheory to find that the beta function in QCD is negative.
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McBride, Patrick M. "The Effect of Polarization and InGaN Quantum Well Shape in Multiple Quantum Well Light Emitting Diode Heterostructures." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/822.
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Previous research in InGaN/GaN light emitting diodes (LEDs) employing semi-classical drift-diffusion models has used reduced polarization constants without much physical explanantion. This paper investigates possible physical explanations for this effective polarization reduction in InGaN LEDs through the use of the simulation software SiLENSe. One major problem of current LED simulations is the assumption of perfectly discrete transitions between the quantum well (QW) and blocking layers when experiments have shown this to not be the case. The In concentration profile within InGaN multiple quantum well (MQW) devices shows much smoother and delayed transitions indicative of indium diffusion and drift during common atomic deposition techniques (e.g. molecular beam epitaxy, chemical vapor deposition). In this case the InGaN square QW approximation may not be valid in modeling the devices' true electronic behavior. A simulation of a 3QW InGaN/GaN LED heterostructure with an AlGaN electron blocking layer is discussed in this paper. Polarization coefficients were reduced to 70% and 40% empirical values to simulate polarization shielding effects. QW shapes of square (3 nm), trapezoidal, and triangular profiles were used to simulate realistic QW shapes. The J-V characteristic and electron-hole wavefunctions of each device were monitored. Polarization reduction decreased the onset voltage from 4.0 V to 3.0 V while QW size reduction decreased the onset voltage from 4.0 V to 3.5 V. The increased current density in both cases can be attributed to increased wavefunction overlap in the QWs.
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Mondal, Ritwik. "Relativistic theory of laser-induced magnetization dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Materialteori, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-315247.
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Ultrafast dynamical processes in magnetic systems have become the subject of intense research during the last two decades, initiated by the pioneering discovery of femtosecond laser-induced demagnetization in nickel. In this thesis, we develop theory for fast and ultrafast magnetization dynamics. In particular, we build relativistic theory to explain the magnetization dynamics observed at short timescales in pump-probe magneto-optical experiments and compute from first-principles the coherent laser-induced magnetization. In the developed relativistic theory, we start from the fundamental Dirac-Kohn-Sham equation that includes all relativistic effects related to spin and orbital magnetism as well as the magnetic exchange interaction and any external electromagnetic field. As it describes both particle and antiparticle, a separation between them is sought because we focus on low-energy excitations within the particle system. Doing so, we derive the extended Pauli Hamiltonian that captures all relativistic contributions in first order; the most significant one is the full spin-orbit interaction (gauge invariant and Hermitian). Noteworthy, we find that this relativistic framework explains a wide range of dynamical magnetic phenomena. To mention, (i) we show that the phenomenological Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation of spin dynamics can be rigorously obtained from the Dirac-Kohn-Sham equation and we derive an exact expression for the tensorial Gilbert damping. (ii) We derive, from the gauge-invariant part of the spin-orbit interaction, the existence of a relativistic interaction that linearly couples the angular momentum of the electromagnetic field and the electron spin. We show this spin-photon interaction to provide the previously unknown origin of the angular magneto-electric coupling, to explain coherent ultrafast magnetism, and to lead to a new torque, the optical spin-orbit torque. (iii) We derive a definite description of magnetic inertia (spin nutation) in ultrafast magnetization dynamics and show that it is a higher-order spin-orbit effect. (iv) We develop a unified theory of magnetization dynamics that includes spin currents and show that the nonrelativistic spin currents naturally lead to the current-induced spin-transfer torques, whereas the relativistic spin currents lead to spin-orbit torques. (v) Using the relativistic framework together with ab initio magneto-optical calculations we show that relativistic laser-induced spin-flip transitions do not explain the measured large laser-induced demagnetization. Employing the ab initio relativistic framework, we calculate the amount of magnetization that can be imparted in a material by means of circularly polarized light – the so-called inverse Faraday effect. We show the existence of both spin and orbital induced magnetizations, which surprisingly reveal a different behavior. We establish that the laser-induced magnetization is antisymmetric in the light’s helicity for nonmagnets, antiferromagnets and paramagnets; however, it is only asymmetric for ferromagnets.
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Flick, Johannes [Verfasser], Claudia [Gutachter] Draxl, Angel [Gutachter] Rubio, and Dieter [Gutachter] Bauer. "Exact nonadiabatic many-body dynamics : electron-phonon coupling in photoelectron spectroscopy and light-matter interactions in quantum electrodynamical density-functional theory / Johannes Flick. Gutachter: Claudia Draxl ; Angel Rubio ; Dieter Bauer." Berlin : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112595929/34.
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Tajmar, Martin. "Derivation of the Planck and Fine-Structure Constant from Assis’s Gravity Model." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-173411.
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Presently, Planck’s constant is a fundamental constant that can not be derived from other onstants. Assis developed a model based on an extended Weber-type potential energy, that allows calculating gravitational-type forces from neutral oscillating electric dipoles. Here we show that the maximum possible point-mass in his model equals the Planck mass which allows us to derive Planck’s constant and the fine-structure constant. We match the exact order of magnitude only requiring a pre-factor that is present in all Weber-type theories and has to be determined empirically. This classical model allows to link electromagnetic, gravitational and quantum properties with one approach.
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Jacquet, Maxime J. "Negative frequency at the horizon : scattering of light at a refractive index front." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11780.
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This thesis considers the problem of calculating and observing the mixing of modes of positive and negative frequency in inhomogeneous, dispersive media. Scattering of vacuum modes of the electromagnetic field at a moving interface in the refractive index of a dielectric medium is discussed. Kinematics arguments are used to demonstrate that this interface may, in a regime of linear dispersion, act as the analogue of the event horizon of a black hole to modes of the field. Furthermore, a study of the dispersion of the dielectric shows that five distinct configurations of modes of the inhomogeneous medium at the interface exist as a function of frequency. Thus it is shown that the interface is simultaneously a black- and white-hole horizon-like and horizonless emitter. The role, and importance, of negative-frequency modes of the field in mode conversion at the horizon is established and yields a calculation of the spontaneous photonic flux at the interface. An algorithm to calculate the scattering of vacuum modes at the interface is introduced. Spectra of the photonic flux in the moving and laboratory frame, for all modes and all realisable increase in the refractive index at the interface are computed. As a result of the various mode configurations, the spectra are highly structured in intervals with black-hole, white-hole and no horizon. The spectra are dominated by a negative-frequency mode, which is the partner in any Hawking-type emission. An experiment in which an incoming positive-frequency wave is populated with photons is assembled to observe the transfer of energy to outgoing waves of positive and negative frequency at the horizon. The effect of mode conversion at the interface is clearly shown to be a feature of horizon physics. This is a classical version of the quantum experiment that aims at validating the mechanism of Hawking radiation.
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Baumgärtel, C., and Martin Tajmar. "The Planck Constant and the Origin of Mass due to a Higher Order Casimir Effect." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-237708.
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The Planck constant is one of the most important constants in nature, as it describes the world governed by quantum mechanics. However, it cannot be derived from other natural constants. We present a model from which it is possible to derive this constant without any free parameters. This is done utilizing the force between two oscillating electric dipoles described by an extension of Weber electrodynamics, based on a gravitational model by Assis. This leads not only to gravitational forces between the particles but also to a newly found Casimir-type attraction. We can use these forces to calculate the maximum point mass of this model which is equal to the Planck mass and derive the quantum of action. The result hints to a connection of quantum effects like the Casimir force and the Planck constant with gravitational ones and the origin of mass itself.
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Flick, Johannes. "Exact nonadiabatic many-body dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17581.
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Chemische Reaktionen in der Natur sowie Prozesse in synthetischen Materialien werden oft erst durch die Wechselwirkung von Licht mit Materie ausgelöst. Üblicherweise werden diese komplexen Prozesse mit Hilfe von Näherungen beschrieben. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wird die Gültigkeit der Born-Oppenheimer Näherung in einem vibronischen Modellsystem (Trans-Polyacetylene) unter Photoelektronenspektroskopie im Gleichgewicht sowie zeitaufgelöster Photoelektronenspektroskopie im Nichtgleichgewicht überprüft. Die vibronische Spektralfunktion zeigt aufgrund des faktorisierten Anfangs- und Endzustandes in der Born-Oppenheimer Näherung zusätzliche Peaks, die in der exakten Spektralfunktion nicht auftreten. Im Nichtgleichgewicht zeigen wir für eine Franck-Condon Anregung und eine Anregung mit Pump-Probe Puls, wie die Bewegung des vibronischen Wellenpaktes im zeitabhängigen Photoelektronenspektrum verfolgt werden kann. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit werden sowohl die Materie als auch das Licht quantisiert behandelt. Für eine volle quantenmechanische Beschreibung des Elektron-Licht Systems, verwenden wir die kürzlich entwickelte quantenelektrodynamische Dichtefunktionaltheorie (QEDFT) für gekoppelte Elektron-Photon Systeme. Wir zeigen erste numerische QEDFT-Berechnungen voll quantisierter Atome und Moleküle in optischen Kavitäten, die an das quantisierte elektromagnetische Feld gekoppelt sind. Mit Hilfe von Fixpunktiterationen berechnen wir das exakte Kohn-Sham Potential im diskreten Ortsraum, wobei unser Hauptaugenmerk auf dem Austausch-Korrelations-Potential liegt. Wir zeigen die erste Näherung des Austausch-Korrelations-Potentials mit Hilfe eines optimierten effektiven Potential Ansatzes angewandt auf einen Jaynes-Cummings-Dimer. Die dieser Arbeit zugrunde liegenden Erkenntnisse und Näherungen ermöglichen es neuartige Phänomene an der Schnittstelle zwischen den Materialwissenschaften und der Quantenoptik zu beschreiben.Many natural and synthetic processes are triggered by the interaction of light and matter. All these complex processes are routinely explained by employing various approximations. In the first part of this work, we assess the validity of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation in the case of equilibrium and time-resolved nonequilibrium photoelectron spectra for a vibronic model system of Trans-Polyacetylene. We show that spurious peaks appear for the vibronic spectral function in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, which are not present in the exact spectral function of the system. This effect can be traced back to the factorized nature of the Born-Oppenheimer initial and final photoemission states. In the nonequilibrium case, we illustrate for an initial Franck-Condon excitation and an explicit pump-pulse excitation how the vibronic wave packet motion can be traced in the time-resolved photoelectron spectra as function of the pump-probe delay. In the second part of this work, we aim at treating both, matter and light, on an equal quantized footing. We apply the recently developed quantum electrodynamical density-functional theory, (QEDFT), which allows to describe electron-photon systems fully quantum mechanically. We present the first numerical calculations in the framework of QEDFT. We focus on the electron-photon exchange-correlation contribution by calculating exact Kohn-Sham potentials in real space using fixed-point inversions and present the performance of the first approximate exchange-correlation potential based on an optimized effective potential approach for a Jaynes-Cummings-Hubbard dimer. This work opens new research lines at the interface between materials science and quantum optics.
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AL, SALEH-MAHROUSSEH SALOUA. "Calcul relativiste, en electrodynamique quantique, de la diffusion compton sur un electron lie." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF21098.
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Pour expliquer le deplacement et l'elargissement du pic compton,lorsque l'energie du photon est voisine de l'energie de liaison de l'electron, il est necessaire d'introduire non seulement la liaison et le mouvement de l'electron, mais aussi le recul du mnoyau. On donne un calcul relativiste de la valeur quadratique moyenne de l'impulsion de l'electron et une expression generale des fonctions d'onde radiales. Pour le calcul analytique covariant de l'element de matrice ou utilise un propagateur pour un electron lie dans le schema de furry et determine la secton efficace, sans aucune integration
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Ting, Chu Ong. "Suppression of radiation damping in electromagnetic waveguide, signature of quantum decoherence in the field bath." Thesis, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3116206.
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Carmele, Alexander [Verfasser]. "Theory for strongly coupled quantum dot cavity quantum electrodynamics : photon statistics and phonon signatures in quantum light emission / vorgelegt von Alexander Carmele." 2011. http://d-nb.info/1014051835/34.
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Ghahari, Kermani Fereshte. "Interaction Effects on Electric and Thermoelectric Transport in Graphene." Thesis, 2014. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8DJ5D5C.
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Electron-electron (e-e) interactions in 2-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) can lead to many-body correlated states such as the the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE), where the Hall conductance quantization appears at fractional filling factors. The experimental discovery of an anomalous integer quantum Hall effect in graphene has faciliated the study of the interacting electrons which behave like massless chiral fermions. However, the observation of correlated electron physics in graphene is mostly hindered by strong electron scattering caused by charge impurities. We fabricate devices, in which, electrically contacted and electrostatically gated graphene samples are either suspended over a SiO₂ substrate or deposited on a hexagonal boron nitride layer, so that a drastic suppression of disorder is achieved. The mobility of our graphene samples exceeds 100,000 cm²/Vs. This very high mobility allows us to observe previously inaccessible quantum limited transport phenomena.
In this thesis, we first present the transport measurements of ultraclean, suspended two-terminal graphene (chapter 3), where we observe the Fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) corresponding to filling fraction ν=1/3 FQHE state, hereby supporting the existence of interaction induced correlated electron states. In addition, we show that at low carrier densities graphene becomes an insulator with a magnetic-field-tunable energy gap. These newly discovered quantum states offer the opportunity to study correlated Dirac fermions in graphene in the presence of large magnetic fields.
Since the quantitative characterization of the observed FQHE states such as the FQHE energy gap is not straight-forward in a two-terminal measurement, we have employed the four-probe measuremt in chapter 4. We report on the multi-terminal measurement of integer quantum Hall effect(IQHE) and fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) states in ultraclean suspended graphene samples in low density regime. Filling factors corresponding to fully developed IQHE states, including the ν±1 broken-symmetry states and the ν=1/3 FQHE state are observed. The energy gap of the 1/3 FQHE, measured by its temperature-dependent activation, is found to be much larger than the corresponding state found in the 2DEGs of high-quality GaAs heterostructures, indicating that stronger e-e interactions are present in graphene relative to 2DEGs.
In chapter 5, we investigate the e-e correlations in graphene deposited on hexagonal boron nitride using the thermopower measurements. Our results show that at high temperatures the measured thermopower deviates from the generally accepted Mott's formula and that this deviation increases for samples with higher mobility. We quantify this deviation using the Boltzmann transport theory. We consider different scattering mechanisms in the system, including the electron-electron scattering.
In the last chapter, we present the magnetothermopower measurements of high quality graphene on hexagonal boron nitride, where we observe the quantized thermopower at intermediate fields. We also see deviations from the Mott's formula for samples with low disorder, where the interaction effects come into play . In addition, the symmetry broken quantum Hall states due to strong electron-electron interactions appear at higher fields, whose effect are clearly observed in the measured in mangeto-thermopower. We discuss the predicted peak values of the thermopower corresponding to these states by thermodynamic arguments and compare it with our experimental results.
We also present the sample fabrication methods in chapter 2. Here, we first explain the fabrication of the two-terminal and multi-terminal suspended graphene and the current annealing technique used to clean these samples. Then, we illustrate the fabrication of graphene on hexagonal boron nitride as well as encapsulated graphene samples with edge contacts.
In addition, the thermopower measurement technique is presented in Appendix A, in which, we explain the temperature calibration, DC and AC measurement techniques.
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Bolokhov, Pavel Anatolievich. "Lorentz violation in quantum field theory." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/238.
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There are hints coming from some scenarios of modern String and Quantum Gravity theories that Lorentz invariance may not be an exact symmetry of Nature. The study of Lorentz violating theories therefore provides an insight into ultraviolet physics. We employ the Effective Field Theory technique to study the most general extension of the Standard
Model and its Supersymmetric modifications with Lorentz-violating interactions of mass dimension five. We provide a complete classification of the interactions in these theories and determine a typical experimental sensitivity to the size of Lorentz violation.
A detailed study of the operators that induce CPT-odd Electric Dipole Moments is performed and it is shown that they yield an independent constraint on Lorentz violating physics. We provide an application of Lorentz violating physics to the problem of generation of baryon asymmetry of the universe. A scenario of Leptogenesis driven by CPT-odd interactions is considered and confronted with experimental constraints on Lorentz-violating physics.
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Marrero, Pablo J. "A nonperturbative study of two-dimensional quartic scalar field theory and three-dimensional compact quantum electrodynamics." 2001. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3027226.
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We studied [special characters omitted] theory and the string sector of compact QED 3 using nonperturbative methods. The phase structure of two dimensional [special characters omitted] theory was studied using Modal Field methods. The critical coupling strength and the critical exponent β were determined for various values of the momentum cutoff and box sizes. The asymptotic value of the critical coupling was found to be 2.5 ± 0.2. The low energy spectrum of the string sector of compact QED3 on the lattice was studied using Diagonalization/Monte Carlo techniques for various lattice sizes. The lattice potential and the string tension for the axial and the diagonal strings were also studied.
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Ghadirian, Bahman, University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, and School of Biomedical and Health Sciences. "A new regularization procedure for calculating the Casimir energy." 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/24942.
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This thesis deals with the concepts of a very interesting phenomenon in quantum physics, the Casimir effect. Here the effect is investigated in detail and its importance to other areas of physics is analysed. The Casimir effect is produced by disturbing the vacuum energy when material boundaries or background fields are introduced in the vacuum. The usual approach to this effect is the vacuum fluctuation that has been studied in the past in relation to the discussion of the zero-point energy as a result of the field resemblance to the quantum harmonic oscillators, where residual ground state energy must be considered. In this thesis a new method to study vacuum fluctuations is presented. This new approach to the problem which is more classical is based on the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the very important fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The other aim of the thesis is to implement a new algorithm for regularizing the Casimir energy for a massive scalar field. Unlike the previous works on this problem by other authors that give approximate results, this attempt will produce precise results. My method is based on a new regularization procedure that allows us to employ the very reliable dimensional regularization scheme in place of a more mathematically complicated zeta-function regularization procedure. In order to achieve this goal I will deal with the problem by using the Euler-Maclaurin summation formula. The result will be a regularized Casimir energy for the case of a massive scalar field. This model may be used for the other geometrical boundaries and different fields.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Caprez, Adam Preston. "Tests of the Aharonov-Bohm effect." 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1694329131&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=14215&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009.Title from title screen (site viewed June 26, 2009). PDF text: x, 153 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 9 Mb. UMI publication number: AAT 3350442. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.
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"The Pauli-Lubanski Vector in a Group-Theoretical Approach to Relativistic Wave Equations." Doctoral diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.40221.
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abstract: Chapter 1 introduces some key elements of important topics such as; quantum mechanics,
representation theory of the Lorentz and Poincare groups, and a review of some basic rela- ´
tivistic wave equations that will play an important role in the work to follow. In Chapter 2,
a complex covariant form of the classical Maxwell’s equations in a moving medium or at
rest is introduced. In addition, a compact, Lorentz invariant, form of the energy-momentum
tensor is derived. In chapter 3, the concept of photon helicity is critically analyzed and its
connection with the Pauli-Lubanski vector from the viewpoint of the complex electromag- ´
netic field, E+ iH. To this end, a complex covariant form of Maxwell’s equations is used.
Chapter 4 analyzes basic relativistic wave equations for the classical fields, such as Dirac’s
equation, Weyl’s two-component equation for massless neutrinos and the Proca, Maxwell
and Fierz-Pauli equations, from the viewpoint of the Pauli-Lubanski vector and the Casimir ´
operators of the Poincare group. A connection between the spin of a particle/field and ´
consistency of the corresponding overdetermined system is emphasized in the massless
case. Chapter 5 focuses on the so-called generalized quantum harmonic oscillator, which
is a Schrodinger equation with a time-varying quadratic Hamiltonian operator. The time ¨
evolution of exact wave functions of the generalized harmonic oscillators is determined
in terms of the solutions of certain Ermakov and Riccati-type systems. In addition, it is
shown that the classical Arnold transform is naturally connected with Ehrenfest’s theorem
for generalized harmonic oscillators. In Chapter 6, as an example of the usefulness of the
methods introduced in Chapter 5 a model for the quantization of an electromagnetic field
in a variable media is analyzed. The concept of quantization of an electromagnetic field
in factorizable media is discussed via the Caldirola-Kanai Hamiltonian. A single mode
of radiation for this model is used to find time-dependent photon amplitudes in relation
to Fock states. A multi-parameter family of the squeezed states, photon statistics, and the
uncertainty relation, are explicitly given in terms of the Ermakov-type system.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Applied Mathematics 2016
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Delfino, Manuel Carlos. "Tests of quantum electrodynamics and electroweak theory using the reactions e⁺e⁻ (into) [gamma][gamma]([gamma]([gamma])) and e⁺e⁻ (into) e⁺e⁻ at (square root of s) = 29 GeV." 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13744898.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1985.Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-116).