Relevant bibliographies by topics / Quantum Confinement Effect (QCE)

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Academic literature on the topic 'Quantum Confinement Effect (QCE)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Quantum Confinement Effect (QCE)"

1

RATH, S., A. K. DASH, S. N. SAHU, and S. NOZAKI. "QUANTUM CONFINEMENT EFFECT IN HgTe NANOCRYSTALS AND VISIBLE LUMINESCENCE." International Journal of Nanoscience 03, no. 03 (2004): 393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x04002176.

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Mercury Telluride ( HgTe ) nanocrystals with a mean size of 5.35 nm have been synthesized by an electrochemical technique. Structural analysis by transmission electron microscopy and glancing angle X-ray diffraction studies indicate the presence of cubic phase HgTe nanocrystals in the deposit. Optical absorption measurements reveal two well resolved excitonic peaks around 578.5 nm and 550 nm attributed to heavy hole valence band (HVB)–conduction band (CB) and light hole valence band (LVB)–CB transitions, respectively, and suggest a band opening of bulk inverted narrow band gap HgTe as a result of strong quantum confinement effect (QCE). Visible photoluminescence (PL) of HgTe nanocrystals indicates free exciton transition around 579.5 nm as observed from the PL measurement at 300 K along with a bound exciton dominated band around 588 nm. Micro-Raman measurements at 300 K indicate the 1LO vibrational mode at 142.6 cm-1 shifted by 6 cm-1 from its standard bulk value and confirm the QCE.
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Liao, Lianxing, Kunhua Quan, Xiangshi Bin, Ruosheng Zeng, and Tao Lin. "Bandgap and Carrier Dynamic Controls in CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals Encapsulated in Polydimethylsiloxane." Crystals 11, no. 9 (2021): 1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091132.

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Bandgap tunability through ion substitution is a key feature of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (LHP-NCs). However, the low stability and low luminescent performance of CsPbCl3 hinder their full-color applications. In this work, quantum confinement effect (QCE) was utilized to control the bandgap of CsPbBr3 NCs instead of using unstable CsPbCl3, which possess much higher emission efficiency in blue spectra region. Studies of microstructures, optical spectra and carrier dynamics revealed that tuning the reaction temperature was an effective way of controlling the NC sizes as well as QCE. Furthermore, the obtained CsPbBr3 NCs were encapsulated in a PDMS matrix while maintaining their size distribution and quantum-confined optoelectronic properties. The encapsulated samples showed long-term air and water stability. These results provide valuable guidance for both applications of LHP-NCs and principal investigation related to the carrier transition in LHP-NCs.
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3

Fan, Libo, Hongwei Song, Haifeng Zhao, et al. "CdS/Cyclohexylamine Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Semiconductor Nanofibers with Strong Quantum Confinement Effect." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 8 (2008): 3914–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18345.

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Inorganic–organic hybrid semiconductor nanofibers of CdS/CHA (CHA = cyclohexylamine) were successfully synthesized by a simple solvothermal method. The fibers obtained had average diameter of 20 nm and length of several micrometers. In these fibers, periodic layer-like sub-nanometer structures with thickness of ∼3 nm were identified by high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM). The absorption of the hybrids exhibited a large blue-shift in contrast to the bulk, which was attributed to strong quantum confinement effect (QCE) induced by internal sub-nanometer structures. Pure hexagonal wurtzite CdS (H-CdS) nanorods were also obtained by extracting the CdS/CHA hybrids with dimethyl formamide (DMF). The rods obtained had average diameter of 20 nm and length of 200 nm. A CdS/CHA/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film emitting white light was prepared by spin coating.
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4

Iqbal, Anwar, Usman Saidu, Farook Adam, Srimala Sreekantan, Normawati Jasni, and Mohammad Norazmi Ahmad. "The Effects of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Quantum Dots (QDs) Embedment on the Physicochemical Properties and Photocatalytic Activity of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Nanoparticles." Journal of Physical Science 32, no. 2 (2021): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/jps2021.32.2.6.

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In this study, a detailed investigation on the effect of zinc oxide (ZnO) quantum dots (QDs) embedment on the physicochemical properties of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) was conducted. The highly porous nanocomposite labelled as ZQT was prepared via the sol-gel assisted hydrothermal method. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates that the average crystallite size of the ZnO QDs, anatase TiO2 (TiO2 NPs) and ZQT were 4.45 nm, 9.22 nm and 11.38 nm, respectively. Photoluminescent (PL) analysis detected the presence of defects related to TiO2, oxygen vacancies and quantum confinement effect (QCE) of the ZnO QDs in ZQT. These features enhanced the photodegradation of tetracycline (TC) under 48 watt of fluorescent light irradiation when ZQT (98.0%) was used compared to TiO2NPs (32.4%) and ZnO QDs (68.8%). The photodegradation activity was driven by O2●− followed by ●OH and h+.
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5

Shim, Jae Hyun, and Nam Hee Cho. "Photo- and Electroluminescence of Hydrogenated Nanocrystalline Si Prepared by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Techniques." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 958–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.958.

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We studied photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) properties of hydrogenated nanocystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) thin films prepared by applying the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) techniques. . A prototype of ITO/nc-Si:H/P-type Si wafer/Al EL devices was illustrated with its fundamental electrical and optical features. The nc-Si:H films exhibited PL spectra in a wavelength range of 350 ~ 700 nm with the maximum intensity at ~ 530 nm, which is attributed to quantum confinement effects (QCE) owing to the presence of nanocrystalline Si. The EL device produced EL spectra with their maximum intensity at ~ 525 nm which are similar to the PL spectra. The light emission is attributed to radiative recombination related to nanocrystalline Si contained in the hydrogenated amorphous Si (a-Si:H).
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6

Cao, Yunqing, Ping Zhu, Dongke Li, Xianghua Zeng, and Dan Shan. "Size-Dependent and Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance of Solar Cells Based on Si Quantum Dots." Energies 13, no. 18 (2020): 4845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184845.

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Recently, extensive studies have focused on exploring a variety of silicon (Si) nanostructures among which Si quantum dots (Si QDs) may be applied in all Si tandem solar cells (TSCs) for the time to come. By virtue of its size tunability, the optical bandgap of Si QDs is capable of matching solar spectra in a broad range and thus improving spectral response. In the present work, size-controllable Si QDs are successfully obtained through the formation of Si QDs/SiC multilayers (MLs). According to the optical absorption measurement, the bandgap of Si QDs/SiC MLs shows a red shift to the region of long wavelength when the size of dots increases, well conforming to quantum confinement effect (QCE). Additionally, heterojunction solar cells (HSCs) based on Si QDs/SiC MLs of various sizes are presented and studied, which demonstrates the strong dependence of photovoltaic performance on the size of Si QDs. The measurement of external quantum efficiency (EQE) reveals the contribution of Si QDs to the response and absorption in the ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) light range. Furthermore, Si QDs/SiC MLs-based solar cell shows the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.15% by using nano-patterned Si light trapping substrates.
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7

Fariborz, Amir H., and Renata Jora. "Examining a possible cascade effect in chiral symmetry breaking." Modern Physics Letters A 32, no. 02 (2016): 1750008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732317500080.

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We examine a toy model and a cascade effect for confinement and chiral symmetry breaking which consists in several phase transitions corresponding to the formation of bound states and chiral condensates with different number of fermions for a strong group. We analyze two examples: regular quantum chromodynamics (QCD) where we calculate the “four quark” vacuum condensate and a preon composite model based on QCD at higher scales. In this context, we also determine the number of flavors at which the second chiral and confinement phase transitions occur and discuss the consequences.
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8

Kuvshinov, V. I., and E. G. Bagashov. "Evolution of Colour in QCD and Informational Approach to Quantum Measurement." Nonlinear Phenomena in Complex Systems 22, no. 4 (2019): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/1561-4085-2019-22-4-330-335.

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Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) introduces the quantum characteristic of colour in order to satisfy the Pauli exclusion principle and symmetric considerations for wavefunctions of hadrons. However, the particles that possess colour charge (quarks and gluons) are not directly observed in experiment – the effect which is often referred to as confinement. Confinement of quarks and gluons represents a theoretical challenge, as the dynamics of underlying fields is non-perturbative and therefore is problematic to be described analytically. One possible way is to use non-perturbative approaches and derive analogies with other well-established branches of physics. In this work we describe the use of the method of vacuum correlators – to analyze the confinement and other non-perturbative dynamics of quarks. The discussion of the acquired results is then given on the basis of quantum information and measurement description. It is shown that the confinement of quarks might be associated with the decoherence of colour state due to the interaction of colour charges with the environment of colour fields (QCD stochastic vacuum).
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9

Mir, Feroz A., Owais I. Mir, and Rayees A. Zargar. "Structural, Morphological, Vibrational, Thermal and Optical Properties of ZnS Quantum Dots in the Polymer Matrix." Current Alternative Energy 3, no. 1 (2019): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2405463103666190704160914.

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<P>Background: Nanotechnology is believed to be a future for new human generations. Among different emerging materials, the Nanocomposites (NCs) would be on front line. The aim of the current study is provide a way to synthesis the ZnS-polyacrylamide NCs with emphasizes on the effect of aging in polymer on its various physical properties. </P><P> Objectives: To prepare and study the properties of ZnS-Polymer NCs with drying time in polymer matrix. </P><P> Methods: ZnS-polyacrylamide NCs samples were synthesized by adding aqueous suspension of ZnS Nanoparticles (NPs) in Sol of acrylamide: bisacrylamide copolymer. These samples were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-Vis, and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. </P><P> Results: From XRD data analysis, nano phase and zinc blend structure of the material is confirmed. From SEM images, the pristine ZnS NPs show spherical morphology, and this texture is still preserved in the polymer composites. FT-IR confirms that there is strong interaction between polymer chain and ZnS NPs. The TGA results indicate that the incorporation of the NPs impacts the thermal properties of the ZnS-polymer NCs and displaying higher thermal stability than the pure polymer matrix. The optical data predicts the band gap and Quantum Confinement Effect (QCE) and reduction of ZnS NPs within the polymer matrix. These NCs show emission in blue region with decreases in intensity with drying time. </P><P> Conclusion: ZnS NPs incorporated in polyacrylamide ware prepared by copolymer technique. Structural analysis confirms zinc blend structure. The vibration spectra of composites samples predicts an interaction between different functional groups of polymer with the metal sulfide. These NCs show an enhanced thermally stability. The observed optical band show a red shift and quantum confinement effect. Size calculated by XRD and optical data shows good correlation with each other. The PL spectra of the NCs exhibits a broad blue emission with excitation (λex = 320 nm). The visible region emission could be originating from the radiative recombination involving defect states within the ZnS nanocrystals energy band.</P>
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10

Cetinel, A., N. Artunç, G. Sahin, and E. Tarhan. "Influence of applied current density on the nanostructural and light emitting properties of n-type porous silicon." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 15 (2015): 1550093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215500939.

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Effects of current density on nanostructure and light emitting properties of porous silicon (PS) samples were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), gravimetric method, Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. FE-SEM images have shown that below 60 mA/cm 2, macropore and mesopore arrays, exhibiting rough morphology, are formed together, whose pore diameter, pore depth and porosity are about 265–760 nm, 58–63 μ m and 44–61%, respectively. However, PS samples prepared above 60 mA/cm 2 display smooth and straight macropore arrays, with pore diameter ranging from 900–1250 nm, porosity of 61–80% and pore depth between 63–69 μ m . Raman analyses have shown that when the current density is increased from 10 mA/cm 2 to 100 mA/cm 2, Raman peaks of PS samples shift to lower wavenumbers by comparison to crystalline silicon (c-Si). The highest Raman peak shift is found to be 3.2 cm -1 for PS sample, prepared at 90 mA/cm 2, which has the smallest nanocrystallite size, about 5.2 nm. This sample also shows a pronounced PL, with the highest blue shifting, of about 12 nm. Nanocrystalline silicon, with the smallest nanocrystallite size, confirmed by our Raman analyses using microcrystal model (MCM), should be responsible for both the highest Raman peak shift and PL blue shift due to quantum confinement effect (QCE).
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