Relevant bibliographies by topics / Quantum computer

Academic literature on the topic 'Quantum computer'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Quantum computer"

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Rachappa, Halkar. "Studying the Concept of Quantum Computing and Analysis of Its Components, Benefits and Challenges." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 8, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v8i11.5517.

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This paper will discuss about the use of quantum computing in the computer engineering field to make computers reliable and fast to perform various typical computations. It is the process of using concept of quantum theory in computing algorithms and other computations and calculations along with the use of computer systems. The computer system always understands the binary language of bits and bytes or in other words we can say that everything which is computed using computers should be first converted into stream of 0’s and 1’s so that computer can understand and then perform the calculations. This will restrict the scope of certain calculations for the computers. Scientists and engineers have come together to implement the quantum computing along with computers and due to this they are able to make calculations which were not possible before its introduction. The quantum theory uses bits and qubits of quantum theory and allows them to be available in more than one state and make possible various typical calculations easy and fast. The paper will explain various types of quantum computing techniques and how they are useful for the organisations. The benefits and challenges of the quantum computing in the field of computer systems will also be discussed.
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Caicedo Ortiz, H. E., E. Santiago Cortés, and D. A. Mantilla Sandoval. "Construyendo compuertas cuánticas con IBM’s cloud quantum computer." Journal de Ciencia e Ingeniería 9, no. 1 (August 31, 2017): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46571/jci.2017.1.7.

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En este artículo, se describe de manera didáctica los elementos esenciales que permiten realizar cálculos elementales en un computador cuantico. Revisamos las características de las compuertas cuánticas más relevantes de 1-qubit y 2-qubits, ademas de implementarlas en el computador cuántico de IBM.
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Bukashkin, S. А., and М. А. Cherepniov. "Quantum Computer and Post-Quantum Cryptography." Programmnaya Ingeneria 12, no. 4 (July 14, 2021): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/prin.12.171-178.

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An overview of the current state of the problem of building a quantum computer and its hypothetical use for breaking cryptographic protocols is presented. The necessary parameters are considered. An overview of existing quantum algorithms and post-quantum cryptographic protocols that are strong with respect to them is presented. The problem of constructing a quantum computer is considered in comparison with the development of the theory and practice of conventional mechanical and electronic computers. The results of contests on the topic of post-quantum cryptography are presented.
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Kendon, Vivien M., Kae Nemoto, and William J. Munro. "Quantum analogue computing." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368, no. 1924 (August 13, 2010): 3609–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0017.

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We briefly review what a quantum computer is, what it promises to do for us and why it is so hard to build one. Among the first applications anticipated to bear fruit is the quantum simulation of quantum systems. While most quantum computation is an extension of classical digital computation, quantum simulation differs fundamentally in how the data are encoded in the quantum computer. To perform a quantum simulation, the Hilbert space of the system to be simulated is mapped directly onto the Hilbert space of the (logical) qubits in the quantum computer. This type of direct correspondence is how data are encoded in a classical analogue computer. There is no binary encoding, and increasing precision becomes exponentially costly: an extra bit of precision doubles the size of the computer. This has important consequences for both the precision and error-correction requirements of quantum simulation, and significant open questions remain about its practicality. It also means that the quantum version of analogue computers, continuous-variable quantum computers, becomes an equally efficient architecture for quantum simulation. Lessons from past use of classical analogue computers can help us to build better quantum simulators in future.
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Wang, Junchao, Guoping Guo, and Zheng Shan. "SoK: Benchmarking the Performance of a Quantum Computer." Entropy 24, no. 10 (October 14, 2022): 1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24101467.

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The quantum computer has been claimed to show more quantum advantage than the classical computer in solving some specific problems. Many companies and research institutes try to develop quantum computers with different physical implementations. Currently, most people only focus on the number of qubits in a quantum computer and consider it as a standard to evaluate the performance of the quantum computer intuitively. However, it is quite misleading in most times, especially for investors or governments. This is because the quantum computer works in a quite different way than classical computers. Thus, quantum benchmarking is of great importance. Currently, many quantum benchmarks are proposed from different aspects. In this paper, we review the existing performance benchmarking protocols, models, and metrics. We classify the benchmarking techniques into three categories: physical benchmarking, aggregative benchmarking, and application-level benchmarking. We also discuss the future trend for quantum computer’s benchmarking and propose setting up the QTOP100.
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Liu, Xiaonan, Ming He, Junchao Wang, Haoshan Xie, and Chenyan Zhao. "Automated Quantum Volume Test." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2221, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2221/1/012029.

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Abstract As a benchmark for the overall performance of quantum computers, quantum volume has the advantage of being able to reflect the depth of running quantum circuits. But, the quantum volume test code provided by IBM needs to be executed manually, and the simulation result of the quantum simulator is used as the result of the volume test, so that users cannot quickly and accurately test the quantum volume of the actual quantum computer required. In response to this problem, this paper designs an automated quantum volume test program. The program automatically generates quantum volume sequences, selects the number of executions of quantum circuits, and defines real quantum computers to facilitate users to perform quantum volume tests on quantum computers provided by the IBM Quantum Cloud Platform. Simultaneously, according to the automated test program, the quantum volume of IBM’s four small superconducting quantum computers was tested. The test results show that (1) the quantum computer is different, and the qubit layout and execution times ntrials are the same, will cause the quantum volume is uncertain; (2) the same quantum computer, whether ntrials is the same, the robustness of qubit coupling will be affected to a certain extent.
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Ding, Yongshan, and Frederic T. Chong. "Quantum Computer Systems: Research for Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum Computers." Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture 15, no. 2 (June 16, 2020): 1–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.2200/s01014ed1v01y202005cac051.

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Borisevich, M. N., and V. I. Kozlovsky. "ABOUT QUANTUM COMPUTER AND QUANTUM MEDICINE." Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University 20, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2021.2.18.

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The foundations of quantum physics have been laid by Max Planck, who suggested that energy couldn’t be absorbed and radiated continuously, but only in separate portions - these portions were called quanta. His ideas were confirmed in numerous physical experiments on the photo effect, the structure of the atom and atomic nucleus, brilliantly performed by Bohr and Rutherford. All this in the aggregate made it possible to eliminate the border between matter and waves, predicted by Louis de Broil. In this way the foundations of quantum mechanics were laid = Heisenberg and Schrödinger did this work. Many manifestations of quantum physics can already be observed in everyday life. These are optical quantum generators, computer CDs, and integrated circuits and lots and lots of this. In recent years, the researchers have drawn their attention to other quantum physics applications related to queries. By their design, this work will be carried out in the future by quantum computers. The article presents a short report on the quantum computer and the prospects for its use in quantum medicine.
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KWEK, L. C., and ARTUR EKERT. "QUANTUM COMPUTER: HOW FEASIBLE IS THE IDEA?" COSMOS 02, no. 01 (May 2006): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219607706000195.

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The need for increased memory space and higher speed in computers has fueled the demand for smaller and faster computers. However, as the computer chips miniaturize, it becomes inevitable that we need to look at the possibility of manipulating and addressing atoms and molecules individually. One such possibility is a feasibility study of a quantum computer. In this report, we summarize some of the progress made in experimental realization of quantum computer in the last few years.
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MIHARA, Takashi, and Tetsuro NISHINO. "Quantum Computer." Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Systems 10, no. 1 (1998): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3156/jfuzzy.10.1_11.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Quantum computer"

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Kilin, S. Ya, J. Wrachtrup, and kilin@ifanbel bas-net by. "Diamond Quantum Computer." ESI preprints, 2000. ftp://ftp.esi.ac.at/pub/Preprints/esi950.ps.

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Mosca, Michele. "Quantum computer algorithms." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301184.

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Wallace, Julia. "Quantum computer software." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369975.

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Giesecke, Normen. "Ternary quantum logic." PDXScholar, 2006. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4092.

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The application of Moore's Law would not be feasible by using the computing systems fabrication principles that are prevalent today. Fundamental changes in the field of computing are needed to keep Moore's Law operational. Different quantum technologies are available to take the advancement of computing into the future. Logic in quantum technology uses gates that are very different from those used in contemporary technology. Limiting itself to reversible operations, this thesis presents different methods to realize these logic gates. Two methods using Generalized Ternary Gates and Muthukrishnan Stroud Gates are presented for synthesis of ternary logic gates. Realizations of well-known quantum gates like the Feynman gate, Toffoli Gate, 2-qudit and 3-qudit SW AP gates are shown. In addition a new gate, the Inverse SW AP gate, is proposed and its realization is also presented.
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Papanikolaou, Nikolaos K. "Model checking quantum protocols." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2236/.

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This thesis describes model checking techniques for protocols arising in quantum information theory and quantum cryptography. We discuss the theory and implementation of a practical model checker, QMC, for quantum protocols. In our framework, we assume that the quantum operations performed in a protocol are restricted to those within the stabilizer formalism; while this particular set of operations is not universal for quantum computation, it allows us to develop models of several useful protocols as well as of systems involving both classical and quantum information processing. We detail the syntax, semantics and type system of QMC’s modelling language, the logic QCTL which is used for verification, and the verification algorithms that have been implemented in the tool. We demonstrate our techniques with applications to a number of case studies.
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George, R. E. "Towards a silicon quantum computer." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599362.

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This thesis investigates the properties of electrons in silicon with a view to their use as quibits in a prospective quantum computer. The thesis first investigates the properties of Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) devices doped with sodium, characterising bound-states formed by the presence of sodium ions though studying the temperature dependence of the device conductivity as s function of carrier density. The thesis then studies Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) of sodium doped silicon devices, searching for a resonance from the sodium bound-states, and determining the effect of moving the sodium atoms on the spectrogram, finding no sharp resonance due to the presence of sodium, but detecting the effects of the sodium drifting procedure on related E’ interface states. The EPR technique is then used to characterise the resonance from a related silicon-germanium sample containing an electron gas and point defects that has application as a standard reference sample containing an accurately determined number of spins. The work turns to fabricating and characterising Single Electron Transistor (SET) devise in silicon, with a view to application as a sensitive electrometer for use in a spin to charge conversion measurements. The device shows a magnetic field dependent oscillation in conductivity, consistent with the electron phase coherence length being larger than the dimensions of the SET at the lowest temperatures used. The document concludes with a review and suggestions for further work.
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Chong, Henry H. W. 1974. "Toward a personal quantum computer." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42797.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-118).
by Henry H.W. Chong.
M.Eng.
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Delbecque, Yannick. "Quantum games as quantum types." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40670.

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In this thesis, we present a new model for higher-order quantum programming languages. The proposed model is an adaptation of the probabilistic game semantics developed by Danos and Harmer: we expand it with quantum strategies which enable one to represent quantum states and quantum operations. Some of the basic properties of these strategies are established and then used to construct denotational semantics for three quantum programming languages. The first of these languages is a formalisation of the measurement calculus proposed by Danos et al. The other two are new: they are higher-order quantum programming languages. Previous attempts to define a denotational semantics for higher-order quantum programming languages have failed. We identify some of the key reasons for this and base the design of our higher-order languages on these observations. The game semantics proposed in this thesis is the first denotational semantics for a lambda-calculus equipped with quantum types and with extra operations which allow one to program quantum algorithms. The results presented validate the two different approaches used in the design of these two new higher-order languages: a first one where quantum states are used through references and a second one where they are introduced as constants in the language. The quantum strategies presented in this thesis allow one to understand the constraints that must be imposed on quantum type systems with higher-order types. The most significant constraint is the fact that abstraction over part of the tensor product of many unknown quantum states must not be allowed. Quantum strategies are a new mathematical model which describes the interaction between classical and quantum data using system-environment dialogues. The interactions between the different parts of a quantum system are described using the rich structure generated by composition of strategies. This approach has enough generality to be put in relation with other work in qu
Nous présentons dans cette thèse un nouveau modèlepour les langages de programmation quantique. Notre modèle est uneadaptation de la sémantique de jeux probabilistes définie par Danos etHarmer: nous y ajoutons des stratégies quantiquespour permettre la représentation des états et des opérations quantiques.Nous établissons quelques propriétés de base de ces stratégies. Cespropriétés sont ensuite utilisées pour construire des sémantiquesdénotationnelles pour trois langages de programmation quantique. Le premierlangage est une formalisation du calcul par mesures proposé par Danoset al. Les deux autres langages sont nouveaux: ce sont deslangages quantiques d'ordre supérieur dont la syntaxe a été construiteà partir d'observations expliquant l'échec des tentatives précédentespour construire une sémantique dénotationnelle pour de tels langages. La sémantique de jeux présentée dans cette thèseest la première sémantique dénota­tionnelle pour de telslambda-calculs équipés de types et d'opérations supplémentairespermettant la programmation d'algorithmes quantiques. Les résultatsprésentés valident les deux approches différentes utilitées dans laconception de ces deux nouveaux languages d'ordre supérieur: une premièreoù les états quantiques sont indirectement accessibles via desréférences et une seconde où ils sont introduit directement comme desconstantes dans le langage. Les stratégies quantiques présentéespermettent de comprendre les contraintes devant êtreimposées aux systèmes de type quantique comportant des types d'ordresupérieurs. La contrainte la plus importante est le fait que l'abstractionsur une partie d'un état quantique comportant plusieurs qbits inconnus doitêtre prohibée. Les stratégies quantiques constituent un nouveau modèle mathématique quidécrit l'interaction entre les données classiques et quantiques par desdialogues entre système et environnement. L'interaction entre les differentespar
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Mims, Mark McGrew. "Dynamical stability of quantum algorithms /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004342.

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Janzing, Dominik. "Computer science approach to quantum control." Karlsruhe : Univ.-Verl. Karlsruhe, 2006. http://www.uvka.de/univerlag/volltexte/2006/175/.

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Books on the topic "Quantum computer"

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Lanzagorta, Marco, and Jeffrey Uhlmann. Quantum Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02512-9.

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Ding, Yongshan, and Frederic T. Chong. Quantum Computer Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01765-0.

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Miranda, Eduardo Reck, ed. Quantum Computer Music. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13909-3.

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K, Uhlmann Jeffrey, ed. Quantum computer science. San Rafael, Calif. (1537 Fourth Street, San Rafael, CA 94901 USA): Morgan & Claypool Publishers, 2009.

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Nielsen, Michael A. Quantum computation and quantum information. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Nielsen, Michael A. Quantum computation and quantum information. Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002: Foundation Books, 2002.

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T, Stroh, Dahmen H. D, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Interactive Quantum Mechanics: Quantum Experiments on the Computer. New York, NY: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011.

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I, Faruque Arvin, and Chong Frederic T. 1968-, eds. Quantum computing for computer architects. 2nd ed. San Rafael, Calif. (1537 Fourth Street, San Rafael, CA 94901 USA): Morgan & Claypool, 2011.

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Quantum computing. London: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1999.

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Stones, James E. Computer science and quantum computing. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Quantum computer"

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Siddiqui, Shabnam. "Quantum Computer." In Quantum Mechanics, 209–30. Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22074-8.

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Brooks, Michael. "Quantum Computer Science." In Quantum Computing and Communications, 17–25. London: Springer London, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0839-9_3.

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Baaquie, Belal Ehsan, and Leong-Chuan Kwek. "One-Way Quantum Computer." In Quantum Computers, 269–82. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7517-2_18.

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Williams, Colin P. "Quantum Simulation with a Quantum Computer." In Texts in Computer Science, 319–48. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-887-6_8.

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Williams, Colin P. "Quantum Chemistry with a Quantum Computer." In Texts in Computer Science, 349–67. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-887-6_9.

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Sawerwain, Marek, and Joanna Wiśniewska. "Quantum Coherence Measures for Quantum Switch." In Computer Networks, 130–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92459-5_11.

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Brun, Todd A. "Quantum Computing." In Computer Science, 295–347. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1168-0_14.

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Baaquie, Belal Ehsan, and Leong-Chuan Kwek. "Efficiency of a Quantum Computer." In Quantum Computers, 285–93. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7517-2_19.

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Weik, Martin H. "quantum." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1386. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_15235.

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Wilson, Stephen. "Quantum Chemistry." In Chemistry by Computer, 41–83. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2137-8_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Quantum computer"

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Itoh, Kohei M. "Silicon Quantum Computer." In PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS: 27th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors - ICPS-27. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1993993.

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Rao, Kuntam Babu. "Computer systems architecture vs quantum computer." In 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccons.2017.8250619.

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Santos, Jaime, Bruno Chagas, and Rodrigo Chaves. "Quantum Walks in a Superconducting Quantum Computer." In Workshop de Comunicação e Computação Quântica. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wquantum.2021.17223.

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Quantum Walks are among the most widely used techniques with which we can construct new quantum algorithms. This paper aims to outline how to construct a circuit for the continuous-time quantum walk (CTQW) over circulant graphs using the Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) due to the spectral properties of those graphs. Furthermore, we examine how the Approximate Quantum Fourier Transform (AQFT) allows us to shorten the size of the circuit by reducing the number of controlled rotation gates. The contributions of this paper consist of the development of a general circuit implementation of the CTQW for an important class of graphs that does not scale up with time, and the study of the cases where the AQFT decreases the error by controlling the approximation. Finally, we provide a statistical analysis for several circulant graphs, running experiments in a IBM's superconducting quantum computer, and we also explore the pretty good state transfer (PGST) for some graphs.
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Spector, Lee. "Evolving quantum computer algorithms." In the 11th annual conference companion. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1570256.1570420.

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Martinis, John. "Building a Quantum Computer." In 2023 International VLSI Symposium on Technology, Systems and Applications (VLSI-TSA/VLSI-DAT). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vlsi-tsa/vlsi-dat57221.2023.10134344.

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Morris, Jalil, Anisul Abedin, Chuanqi Xu, and Jakub Szefer. "Fingerprinting Quantum Computer Equipment." In GLSVLSI '23: Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI 2023. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3583781.3590247.

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Riesebos, L., X. Fu, A. A. Moueddenne, L. Lao, S. Varsamopoulos, I. Ashraf, J. van Someren, N. Khammassi, C. G. Almudever, and K. Bertels. "Quantum Accelerated Computer Architectures." In 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2019.8702488.

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Ziolkowski, Richard, and Edwin A. Marengo. "Double helix quantum computer." In International Conference on Quantum Information. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/icqi.2001.pb2.

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Spector, Lee. "Evolving quantum computer algorithms." In the 13th annual conference companion. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2001858.2002128.

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Shi Yixiang. "Knows the quantum computer." In 2011 International Conference on Multimedia Technology (ICMT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmt.2011.6002487.

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Reports on the topic "Quantum computer"

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Yamamoto, Yoshihisa. Solid-State NMR Quantum Computer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada442582.

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Brandt, Howard E. Quantum Computer Circuit Analysis and Design. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada494934.

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Bucksbaum, Philip H. A Quantum Computer for Shor's Algorithm. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada422644.

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Kim, Jungsang. Modular Universal Scalable Ion-trap Quantum Computer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1016804.

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Zahorodk, Pavlo V., Yevhenii O. Modlo, Olga O. Kalinichenko, Tetiana V. Selivanova, and Serhiy O. Semerikov. Quantum enhanced machine learning: An overview. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4357.

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Machine learning is now widely used almost everywhere, primarily for forecasting. The main idea of the work is to identify the possibility of achieving a quantum advantage when solving machine learning problems on a quantum computer.
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Cory, David G. NMR System for a Type II Quantum Computer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada470310.

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Drukier, A. K., N. Cao, and K. Carroll. Computer-Oriented, Multichannel, Direct-Current, Superconducting Quantum Interference Device. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada222636.

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8

Hammel, P. C. Single Spin Readout for the Silicon-Based Quantum Computer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada471023.

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9

Wachen, John, and Steven McGee. Qubit by Qubit’s Middle School Quantum Camp Evaluation Report for Summer 2021. The Learning Partnership, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51420/report.2021.5.

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Abstract:
Qubit by Qubit’s Middle School Quantum Camp is one of the first opportunities for students as young as eleven to begin learning about the field of quantum computing. In this week-long summer camp, students learn about key concepts of quantum mechanics and quantum computing, including qubits, superposition, and entanglement, basic coding in Python, and quantum gates. By the end of the camp, students can code quantum circuits and run them on a real quantum computer. The Middle School Quantum Camp substantially increased participants’ knowledge about quantum computing, as exhibited by large gains on a technical assessment that was administered at the beginning and end of the program. On a survey of student motivation, students in the program showed a statistically significant increase in their expectancy of being successful in quantum computing and valuing quantum computing. Students experienced a significant increase in their sense of belonging in STEM and quantum computing following the camp. The camp substantially increased students’ interest in taking additional coursework in STEM and quantum, as well as pursuing careers in STEM and quantum computing.
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Farhi, Edward, and Hartmut Neven. Classification with Quantum Neural Networks on Near Term Processors. Web of Open Science, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37686/qrl.v1i2.80.

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We introduce a quantum neural network, QNN, that can represent labeled data, classical or quantum, and be trained by supervised learning. The quantum circuit consists of a sequence of parameter dependent unitary transformations which acts on an input quantum state. For binary classification a single Pauli operator is measured on a designated readout qubit. The measured output is the quantum neural network’s predictor of the binary label of the input state. We show through classical simulation that parameters can be found that allow the QNN to learn to correctly distinguish the two data sets. We then discuss presenting the data as quantum superpositions of computational basis states corresponding to different label values. Here we show through simulation that learning is possible. We consider using our QNN to learn the label of a general quantum state. By example we show that this can be done. Our work is exploratory and relies on the classical simulation of small quantum systems. The QNN proposed here was designed with near-term quantum processors in mind. Therefore it will be possible to run this QNN on a near term gate model quantum computer where its power can be explored beyond what can be explored with simulation.
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