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Redding, Stephen J., and Esteban Rossi-Hansberg. "Quantitative Spatial Economics." Annual Review of Economics 9, no. 1 (August 2, 2017): 21–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-063016-103713.
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Behrens, Kristian, and Yasusada Murata. "On quantitative spatial economic models." Journal of Urban Economics 123 (May 2021): 103348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2021.103348.
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Scheuplein, Christoph. "Der raumwirtschaftliche Ansatz: der Aufstieg einer steuerungsorientierten, normativ geprägten Expertenkultur." Geographica Helvetica 72, no. 2 (April 25, 2017): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-171-2017.
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Abstract. In today's corpus of economic geography textbooks published in the German-speaking countries, the spatial science approach is described as involving a neoclassical view of economics, a chorological explanatory strategy, (neo)positivist roots, and a focus on developments that have occurred since 1969. This approach has received sweeping criticism for its undersocialization, its spatial fetishism, and its exclusively quantitative methodology. The article proposes to abandon the dominant historiography of science, which focuses on national economies and takes a positivist perspective, in favor of a form of contextualization that has its roots in the sociology of knowledge. The article examines relevant publications in journals and textbooks to show that what has been known as the quantitative revolution did not become widely accepted among German-speaking researchers until the late 1970s, long after it originally began to emerge. This process was characterized by a shift toward a consultative perspective that researchers adopted in hopes of becoming involved in the spatial planning initiatives of the state. In the resulting usage context of the Keynesian interventionist state, a culture of economic geography experts developed that discussed methods and concepts in an innovative and pluralist manner.
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Qi, Yong, Hefeifei Jiang, Shaoxuan Li, and Junyu Cao. "ConvLSTM Coupled Economics Indicators Quantitative Trading Decision Model." Symmetry 14, no. 9 (September 10, 2022): 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14091896.
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Time series prediction methods based on deep learning have been widely used in quantitative trading. However, the price of virtual currency represented by Bitcoin has random fluctuation characteristics, which is extremely misleading for time series prediction. In this paper, a virtual currency quantitative trading model is established, which uses a convolution long short term memory (ConvLSTM) deep learning method to predict the transaction price, and uses the evaluation model composed of Chandler momentum oscillator (CMO), percentage price oscillator (PPO), stop and reverse(SAR) and other economic indicators to make further decisions. The model quantitatively classifies the random wandering characteristics by fusing economic indicators and extracts the symmetric economic laws among them, making full use of deep learning methods to extract spatial and temporal features within the data. The 2016–2021 Bitcoin value dataset published on Kaggle was used for simulated investment. The results show that compared with other existing decision models, it shows better performance and robustness, and shows good stability in dealing with the interdependence of long-term and short-term data. Our work provides a new idea for short-term prediction of long time series data affected by multiple complex factors: coupling deep learning methods with prior knowledge to complete prediction and decision making.
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Fajgelbaum, Pablo D., and Cecile Gaubert. "Optimal Spatial Policies, Geography, and Sorting*." Quarterly Journal of Economics 135, no. 2 (January 6, 2020): 959–1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjaa001.
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Abstract We study optimal spatial policies in a quantitative trade and geography framework with spillovers and spatial sorting of heterogeneous workers. We characterize the spatial transfers that must hold in efficient allocations, as well as labor subsidies that can implement them. There exists scope for welfare-enhancing spatial policies even when spillovers are common across locations. Using data on U.S. cities and existing estimates of the spillover elasticities, we find that the U.S. economy would benefit from a reallocation of workers to currently low-wage cities. The optimal allocation features a greater share of high-skill workers in smaller cities relative to the observed allocation. Inefficient sorting may lead to substantial welfare costs.
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Shen, Wei, Yaochen Qin, and Zhixiang Xie. "Research on the Spatial Features of the E-RetailingEconomic Linkages at County Level: A Case Study for Zhejiang Province, China." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 8 (July 25, 2019): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8080324.
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Quantitatively evaluating the spatial characteristics of regional e-retailing economy linkages is of great significance for clarifying the spatial organization of regional e-retailing economies, and promoting regional coordinated development. However, due to the lack of study data, it is difficult toconduct quantitative research on these regional e-retailing economic linkages. Taking advantage of emerging new data sources, the depth and breadth of related research cannow be improved. This paper considers 64 county-level economic areas in Zhejiang Province as network nodes.A revised gravity model was used to measure the intensity of the e-retailing economic linkage in 2016,based upon the e-retailing data provided by the Department of Commerce of Zhejiang Province, China. On this basis, the geographic information system (GIS) tool, a model-potential method and a social network, were used to analyze the spatial features of the e-retail economic linkages at the countylevel in Zhejiang Province. The results showed that the spatial polarization of the economic linkage pattern emerged as prominent, with the overall difference and east-west gradient difference between counties proving significant. In addition, the major linking partners of most regions were relatively singular, and a problem of vulnerability in e-retail economic development was shown.Secondly, the southwest region of Zhejiang Province was an important obstacle in the integration process of regional e-retail economy, through analyzing the connection scope of e-retailing economics. Thirdly, the central Zhejiang subgroupwas a key plate connecting east and west, which plays an importantlinking role in the development of regional equalizationwhen we analyzethe cohesive subgroup pattern. Inspired by this, we hypothesized that a microscopic analysis results of Zhejiang Province could provide some enlightenment for the balanced and integrated development of China’s regional e-retailing economy.
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Kirillov, Andrew. "A study on spatial autocorrelation: Case of Russian regional inflation." Applied Econometrics 64, no. 4 (2021): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1993-7601-2021-64-5-22.
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We apply APLE statistic to explore spatial autocorrelation of Russian regional inflationary processes. APLE is discussed to be the fine alternative to Moran’s I. To conduct this study we modify statistics of spatial dependence for panel data structure. We use time series of Russian regional CPIs (i.e. quantitative measure of inflation) of food, non-food, services baskets. We find evidence to confirm the hypothesis of the existence of spatial autocorrelation of regional inflationary processes on the horizon of our study.
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You, Meizi, Riwen Lai, Jiayuan Lin, and Zhesheng Zhu. "Quantitative Analysis of a Spatial Distribution and Driving Factors of the Urban Heat Island Effect: A Case Study of Fuzhou Central Area, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (December 11, 2021): 13088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413088.
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Land surface temperature (LST) is a joint product of physical geography and socio-economics. It is important to clarify the spatial heterogeneity and binding factors of the LST for mitigating the surface heat island effect (SUHI). In this study, the spatial pattern of UHI in Fuzhou central area, China, was elucidated by Moran’s I and hot-spot analysis. In addition, the study divided the drivers into two categories, including physical geographic factors (soil wetness, soil brightness, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI), water density, and vegetation density) and socio-economic factors (normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), population density, road density, nighttime light, park density). The influence analysis of single factor on LST and the factor interaction analysis were conducted via Geodetector software. The results indicated that the LST presented a gradient layer structure with high temperature in the southeast and low temperature in the northwest, which had a significant spatial association with industry zones. Especially, LST was spatially repulsive to urban green space and water body. Furthermore, the four factors with the greatest influence (q-Value) on LST were soil moisture (influence = 0.792) > NDBI (influence = 0.732) > MNDWI (influence = 0.618) > NDVI (influence = 0.604). The superposition explanation degree (influence (Xi ∩ Xj)) is stronger than the independent explanation degree (influence (Xi)). The highest and the lowest interaction existed in ”soil wetness ∩ MNDWI” (influence = 0.864) and “nighttime light ∩ population density” (influence = 0.273), respectively. The spatial distribution of SUHI and its driving mechanism were also demonstrated, providing theoretical guidance for urban planners to build thermal environment friendly cities.
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Mao, Ying, Yilin Liu, La Zhuo, Wei Wang, Meng Li, Bianbian Feng, and Pute Wu. "Quantitative evaluation of spatial scale effects on regional water footprint in crop production." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 173 (October 2021): 105709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105709.
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Faber, Benjamin, and Cecile Gaubert. "Tourism and Economic Development: Evidence from Mexico’s Coastline." American Economic Review 109, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 2245–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20161434.
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Tourism is a fast-growing services sector in developing countries. This paper combines a rich collection of Mexican microdata with a quantitative spatial equilibrium model and a new empirical strategy to study the long-term economic consequences of tourism both locally and in the aggregate. We find that tourism causes large and significant local economic gains relative to less touristic regions that are in part driven by significant positive spillovers on manufacturing. In the aggregate, however, these local spillovers are largely offset by reductions in agglomeration economies among less touristic regions, so that the national gains from trade in tourism are mainly driven by a classical market integration effect. (JEL L60, L83, O14, O18, R11, Z31, Z32)
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Blinova, Tatiana, Vladimir Markov, and Viktor Rusanovskiy. "Empirical study of spatial differentiation of youth unemployment in Russia." Acta Oeconomica 66, no. 3 (September 2016): 507–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2016.66.3.7.
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The purpose of the study is to conduct a statistical analysis and to perform a quantitative assessment of the degree and the dynamics of the interregional differences in youth unemployment in Russia between 2005 and 2013. We decompose the interregional differentiation into “within-group” and “between-group” differences. We also analyse the dynamics of the within-group and between-group differences and estimate their contribution to changes in the interregional differentiation of youth unemployment. Additionally, we estimate the degree and the dynamics of the interregional differences of the youth labour market in Russia in times of crisis and recovery growth. The results show a reduction in the interregional differences in unemployment rates between 2005 and 2008, while in 2009–2013, the interregional differentiation of the labour market increased. We found that the socio-economic effects of youth unemployment, as well as the behavioural response to economic shocks in the age groups of 15–19 and 20–29 years were significantly different.
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Albert, Christoph, and Joan Monras. "Immigration and Spatial Equilibrium: The Role of Expenditures in the Country of Origin." American Economic Review 112, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 3763–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20211241.
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We document that international migrants concentrate more in expensive cities—the more so, the lower the prices in their origin countries are—and consume less locally than comparable natives. We rationalize this empirical evidence by introducing a quantitative spatial equilibrium model, in which a part of immigrants’ income goes toward consumption in their origin countries. Using counter-factual simulations, we show that, due to this novel consumption channel, immigrants move economic activity toward expensive, high-productivity locations. This leads to a more efficient spatial allocation of labor and, as a result, increases the aggregate output and welfare of natives. (JEL F24, J15, J31, J61, R23)
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Naicker, Rowan, Onisimo Mutanga, and Kabir Peerbhay. "Estimation of foliar nitrogen using remotely sensed data: A quantitative review." South African Journal of Geomatics 8, no. 2 (September 9, 2022): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajg.v8i2.6.
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Several ecosystems have been significantly altered by anthropogenic nitrogen inputs. The timely estimation of nitrogen concentration is essential for ensuring environmental sustainability. Academic publications between 1966 and 2016 were reviewed to assess the potential of remotely sensed information to estimate nitrogen concentrations for various applications. A discriminatory keyword search and a set of inclusion criteria was used to develop a representative sample (n = 100). Results revealed that the global distribution of academic publications is skewed towards the Northern Hemisphere with the largest research gap occurring within Africa. Moreover, prior to 2006, research into the remote estimation of nitrogen had a minor presence in literature, with the agricultural sector being the most extensively researched (56%). Freely available, high spatial and temporal resolution imagery has afforded research into the remote estimation of nitrogen in the African continent, particularly in the subject area of policy and management, the capacity to grow.
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Bird, Julia, and Anthony J. Venables. "Land tenure and land-use in a developing city: A quantitative spatial model applied to Kampala, Uganda." Journal of Urban Economics 119 (September 2020): 103268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2020.103268.
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Savin, I. V., and N. S. Teplyakov. "Using Computational Linguistics to Analyse Main Research Directions in Economy of Regions." Economy of Region 18, no. 2 (2022): 338–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2022-2-3.
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Over the past decades, the process of knowledge generation has accelerated, producing a lot of scientific publications, which makes reviewing even a relatively narrow subject area very demanding, if not impossible. However, recent text data mining tools can assist researchers in conducting such analysis in an objective and time-efficient way. We conduct such a literature review on 1307 articles published in the journal Economy of Regions from 2010 to 2021 using advanced topic modelling techniques. This analysis aims to describe the main research areas in the journal over time, the dynamics of their popularity and the relationship with key quantitative indicators. We identified 22 topics ranging from “Agriculture” and “Economic Geography” to “Fiscal Policy” and “Entrepreneurship”. We estimate how popularity of these topics was changing over time and find topics that gained the most popularity from 2010 to 2021 (+17.61 %, “Spatial Economics”) or lost it (-14.58 %, “Economics of Innovation”). The topic of environmental economics collects the largest number of citations per article (3.64, on average), and the topics on monetary policy and poverty are the most popular among manuscripts in English, which is also true for articles written by authors with foreign affiliation. Papers with third-party funding are concentrated the most in “Spatial Economics” (around 11 %), and the least — in “Agriculture”. Our results can help to understand the evolution in scope of research of Economy of Regions and serve researchers to find promising directions for future studies.
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Wijayati, Putri Agus. "SEMARANG DAN SURABAYA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HISTORIS DAN EKONOMI KOTA: SEBUAH PEMIKIRAN HISTORIOGRAFIS." SASDAYA: Gadjah Mada Journal of Humanities 2, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/sasdayajournal.31747.
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This article describes the economic history of the town and its dynamics. As part of the historical reality, urban economics further accentuates its economic elements based on trade, industry and services activities. Of the three factors above, which one actively contributes to growth in urban economic development? Or, among the three, may be intertwined or synergised, which in turn form a support force that can stimulate the economic growth rate of a city. However, is it that simple in explaining the economic history of the town?, because a historical study must also be considerate of changes over time, while when discussed is the economic dimension, then, we are dealing with statistical data used to understand a change in time, as is done by quantitative economic history. This paper takes spatial space in the cities of Surabaya and Semarang as both cities, dominantly influenced by elements of trade, industry and services.
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Pratiwi, Maria Christina Yuli, and Mudrajad Kuncoro. "Analisis Pusat Pertumbuhan dan Autokorelasi Spasial di Kalimantan: Studi Empiris di 55 Kabupaten/Kota, 2000–2012." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia 16, no. 2 (January 1, 2016): 81–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v16i2.574.
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Analysis of Growth Poles and Spatial Autocorrelation in Kalimantan: An Empirical Study of 55 Districts, 2000–2012The paper identifies which districts in Kalimantan that become the growth poles and whether there has been spatial autocorrelation in 55 districts during 2000–2012. This study also explores which economic sectors will be leading sectors. The social-economic data were collected for 55 districts using quantitative methods, in particular: typology of Regent/City, spatial autocorrelation, overlay analysis, and structural transformation. The study finds: (1) there are 4 cities as the growth pole; (2) the economics growth concentration concentrated geographically in the eastern and western; (3) the mining sector is a leading and competitive sector; and (4) structural transformation does not occur in all districts.Keywords: Growth Pole; Typology of Regent/City; Spatial Autocorrelation (Moran’s I and G Statistics); Overlay Analysis; Structural Transformation AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kabupaten/kota di Pulau Kalimantan yang akan menjadi pusat pertumbuhan dan apakah terdapat autokorelasi spasial di 55 kabupaten/kota selama periode 2000–2012. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa data sekunder yang dikumpulkan dari data sosial ekonomi 55 kabupaten/kota menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dan alat analisis: tipologi Kabupaten/Kota, autokorelasi spasial, analisis overlay, dan transformasi struktural. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) terdapat empat kota sebagai pusat pertumbuhan; (2) konsentrasi pertumbuhan ekonomi tersebar di bagian timur dan barat Pulau Kalimantan; (3) sektor pertambangan dan penggalian merupakan sektor unggulan dan kompetitif; dan (4) transformasi struktural tidak terjadi di seluruh kabupaten/kota.
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Sumanta Deb and Keya Mitra. "Spatial Logic of Shopping Malls: Application of Space Syntax in understanding Economics of Architecture." Creative Space 7, no. 2 (January 27, 2020): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/cs.2020.72009.
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Research findings of architecture and environmental psychology espouse the supremacy of built environment in influencing human behavior in general and movement behavior within buildings and urban areas in particular. Retail management studies on the other hand highlight the importance of influencing human movement as a determining factor for tenant-mix design. Identifying a proper mix of tenant stores in a shopping mall is responsible for its economic performance and is considered a strategic mall management decision. In practice, this decision is taken by management professionals, based mostly on gut feeling or rule of thumb. So, there is a scope for integration of knowledge of these two different disciplines for significantly enhancing tenanting decision making in shopping malls, which will ultimately lead to its economic success. A proper methodology is required in this juncture to relate spatial configuration with movement. Verbal description of space, prevalent in the architectural practice, makes it difficult for correlating with measurable variables like footfall. Space syntax analysis is a potential evidence based approach for quantitative description of configuration in explaining movement through space. The purpose of this paper is twofold: identifying the supremacy of space syntax measures over normal metric measures and establishing a spatial rationale behind tenanting decision making (optimal area and rent of tenant stores) through developing the standard bid-rent model with tenant store specific variables and solving under the conditions of maximizing profit and situation of perfect competition. Consequently, retail space planning will not only be an accommodator of functional requirements but will be a potential tool for economic success through generating, controlling and predicting movement.
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Zhou, Xiaoping, Zhenyang Qin, Yingjie Zhang, Linyi Zhao, and Yan Song. "Quantitative Estimation and Spatiotemporal Characteristic Analysis of Price Deviation in China's Housing Market." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 17, 2019): 7232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247232.
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Differences in housing prices and rental prices across cities or regions and the relationship between prices and socioeconomic fundamentals are frequent research foci in urban and real estate economics, but the existing studies on China's housing market rarely consider both housing price and rent. This study provides a framework for a quantitative analysis of a country's housing market from the perspective of supply and demand, and takes China's housing market as a case study. The current study first explores the key factors that affect housing prices and rental prices using data from 202 cities and collected from 2011 to 2014. Then, theoretical values of housing prices and rental prices in each city are estimated, and the spatiotemporal characteristics of deviation of housing prices and rental prices are analysed. The empirical findings of the current study mainly reveal the following three points. First, the determinants of housing prices and rental prices have similarities. Second, the effect of above factors shows obvious spatial heterogeneity. The coefficients of the variables are different between coastal and inland regions, indicating different demand and supply elasticities across regions. Third, the price deviation presents significant spatial agglomeration. Cities with higher price deviations are clustered in the Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, while the price deviations are relatively mild in the Pearl River Delta region.
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Panza, Laura. "Globalization and the Near East: A Study of Cotton Market Integration in Egypt and Western Anatolia." Journal of Economic History 73, no. 3 (August 9, 2013): 847–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050713000636.
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The Near East underwent a process of integration with the global economy during the second half of the nineteenth century. This article explores one aspect of this process, examining the linkages established between the cotton industries in Egypt and Western Anatolia, and the international cotton market during the first wave of globalization. We undertake a quantitative exploration of the pattern of price transmission between the Near East and the international cotton markets over this period, connecting changes in the nature of spatial market integration to major economic and political developments.
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Untura, Galina A., Maria A. Kaneva, and Olga N. Moroshkina. "Phenomenon of Structural-Technological Proximity and Knowledge Spillovers between Russian Regions." Economy of Region 16 (December 2020): 1254–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2020-4-17.
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International theoretical and empirical studies have shown that regional development and economic growth largely depend on spatial and non-spatial proximity of regions, which generates knowledge spillovers. We developed a methodological approach to measuring and visualising spatial and structural-technological proximity affecting regional knowledge spillovers. Moreover, we tested the techniques of the cartographic visualisation of the proximity of Russian regions. Further, we analysed foreign and domestic approaches to studying spatial and non-spatial proximity and obtained new results. We described the stages constituting a methodology for the quantitative assessment of different types of regional proximity. Additionally, we proposed a method for constructing a typology of regions based on the coefficients of the non-spatial proximity matrix, calculated according to the indicator “gross value added” for 15 sectors of the Russian National Classifier of Economic Activities (OKVED) for Russian regions. Using the data for the Novosibirsk region in 2005 and 2016, we applied methodological techniques for measuring and visualising geographical and structural-technological proximity (STB) of a region in relation to other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The Novosibirsk region is located in the middle of the country and has a diversified structure of economic activities and science. For this particular region, there has been an increase in the likelihood of the emergence of knowledge spillover channels with various European regions of Russia and some regions of the Urals and the Far East. Proximity matrices can be used in econometric studies to test hypotheses about the impact of different forms of proximity on regional economic growth. Recommendations to enhance knowledge spillover coincide with the proposals to support the areas of innovative development stated in The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025.
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Monte, Ferdinando, Stephen J. Redding, and Esteban Rossi-Hansberg. "Commuting, Migration, and Local Employment Elasticities." American Economic Review 108, no. 12 (December 1, 2018): 3855–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151507.
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We provide theory and evidence that the elasticity of local employment to a labor demand shock is heterogeneous depending on the commuting openness of the local labor market. We develop a quantitative general equilibrium model that incorporates spatial linkages in goods markets (trade) and factor markets (commuting and migration). We quantify this model to match the observed gravity equation relationships for trade and commuting. We find that empirically-observed reductions in commuting costs generate welfare gains of around 3.3 percent. We provide separate quasi-experimental evidence in support of the model’s predictions using the location decisions of million dollar plants. (JEL J23, J61, R23, R32, R41)
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Faraone, Claudia. "Territorial Challenges for Cultural and Creative Industries’ Contribution to Sustainable Innovation: Evidence from the Interreg Ita-Slo Project DIVA." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 8, 2022): 11271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811271.
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This article articulates the outcomes of the spatial survey of an EU Interreg-funded project titled “Development of Innovation Eco-Systems and Value Chains: Supporting Cross-Border Innovation through Creative Industries” (DIVA). The study mapped cultural and creative industries (CCIs) in the transborder area comprising the Italian regions of Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia and the western region of Slovenia. The study applied both quantitative and qualitative place-based methodologies and drew theoretically from economics, urbanism, and interactionism. The results include a webapp quantifying and describing CCIs spread in the transborder area and a SWOT analysis of firms’ geographies for potential collaboration between CCIs and traditional SMEs (small and medium enterprises). It is argued that the cultural and creative sectors are relevant to the social and economic development of cities and regions, and act as drivers of innovation. The interconnected network of local enterprises (CCIs-SMEs) also goes in the direction of promoting a sustainable territorial development, enhancing enrooted resources. Additionally, it considers how CCIs different localization patterns, both clustered and sprawled, can influence and shape possible collaboration degrees at transborder regional level. Thus, this paper advocates for more integrated policymaking that considers the spatial distribution and territorial localization of CCIs alongside their socio-economic dimensions.
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Fatonah, Ayu, Fitria Febri Setiyani, Hafiz Winardany, S. Samidu, Bagas Anindra Murdiansyah, and Fitri Nur Aini. "THE SPATIAL STUDY OF HEALTH CONDITION OF SOCIETY TOWARDS INCOME GRADE IN PRAMBANAN, KLATEN REGENCY." Geosfera Indonesia 3, no. 2 (August 28, 2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v3i2.7867.
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Health is the most important aspect of the human being life. A good health will affect other aspects, one of which will affect the economic aspect of the income earned by individuals. The purpose of this research is to know the correlation between health condition and income of society in Prambanan Sub-district. This research uses quantitative descriptive research, with the research variables such as health data and income data. The sample in this study amounted to 2,235 respondents from 16 Villages in Prambanan Sub-district, Klaten. The Data Collection Method used in this research are interview, observation and questionnaire with the data analysis technique is quantitative descriptive analysis which is non statistical analysis with frequency table. The results show that there is not a significant correlation between health and income. Pereng Village has an average of "High" income with the population average monthly income > Rp. 1.500.000,00 of 52.04% but has health condition in the "Medium" level. Randusari Village has health condition in "Medium" level whereas Randusari Village has average "Low" income with population with average income per month < Rp. 500.000,00 for 44,44%.
Keywords: Health Conditions, Income
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Lazhentsev, Vitaliy N. "The Arctic and the North: A Russian Spatial Development Context." Economy of Region 17, no. 3 (October 5, 2021): 737–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-3-2.
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The negative experience of economic reforms during the 1990s showed that excessive bias towards export-import economic relations to the detriment of social reproduction, especially without reference to internal social and technological problems, threatens the integrity of the Russian market space. At present, the Arctic and other territories of the Russian North are exposed to the inherent instability of external markets for hydro carbons and mineral raw materials. Additionally, attitudes towards energy production and consumption have undergone profound changes in recent years. In accordance with the demands of the «green economy», attention has been increasingly focused on qualitative and structural aspects in place of quantitative indicators. In order to increase production of high-quality light oil and petrochemical products that are competitive on world markets, domestic fuel and energy companies have responded by modernising oil refineries and gas processing plants. With the transition of hydrocarbon production to exploiting smaller deposits, the decline of the coal industry and a growing scarcity of in-demand raw materials (gold, diamonds, rare earth metals, nickel, copper, titanium), the economic situation in the Russian North is increasingly characterised by small forest chemistry enterprises producing commercial products for medical, agricultural and household purposes. In addition, a growth in domestic and foreign demand for organic products supports reindeer husbandry, fishing and even foraging for mushrooms and berries. An important objective for national economic decision-makers consists in the implementation of technologies critical to the development of the northern regions. In the process of strengthening the Russian socio-economic space, active interaction between participating regional governments plays a significant role. The aforementioned issues are considered in the context of spatial development theory and other concepts underpinning the formation of northern economic systems. The study findings can be used to inform Arctic strategies, programmes and long-term plans for the socio-economic development of the Russian North.
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Untura, Galina A., Maria A. Kaneva, and Olga N. Moroshkina. "Phenomenon of Structural-Technological Proximity and Knowledge Spillovers between Russian Regions." Economy of Region 16 (December 2020): 1254–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2020-4-17.
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International theoretical and empirical studies have shown that regional development and economic growth largely depend on spatial and non-spatial proximity of regions, which generates knowledge spillovers. We developed a methodological approach to measuring and visualising spatial and structural-technological proximity affecting regional knowledge spillovers. Moreover, we tested the techniques of the cartographic visualisation of the proximity of Russian regions. Further, we analysed foreign and domestic approaches to studying spatial and non-spatial proximity and obtained new results. We described the stages constituting a methodology for the quantitative assessment of different types of regional proximity. Additionally, we proposed a method for constructing a typology of regions based on the coefficients of the non-spatial proximity matrix, calculated according to the indicator “gross value added” for 15 sectors of the Russian National Classifier of Economic Activities (OKVED) for Russian regions. Using the data for the Novosibirsk region in 2005 and 2016, we applied methodological techniques for measuring and visualising geographical and structural-technological proximity (STB) of a region in relation to other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The Novosibirsk region is located in the middle of the country and has a diversified structure of economic activities and science. For this particular region, there has been an increase in the likelihood of the emergence of knowledge spillover channels with various European regions of Russia and some regions of the Urals and the Far East. Proximity matrices can be used in econometric studies to test hypotheses about the impact of different forms of proximity on regional economic growth. Recommendations to enhance knowledge spillover coincide with the proposals to support the areas of innovative development stated in The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025.
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Drobne, Samo, Ksenija Dumičić, and Lidija Zadnik Stirn. "Editorial for the special issue: “Novel Solutions and Novel Approaches in Operational Research”." Business Systems Research Journal 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsrj-2020-0011.
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AbstractThis special issue of Business Systems Research (SI of the BSR) is co-published by the Slovenian Society INFORMATIKA – Section for Operational Research (SSI-SOR) and highlights recent advances in Operations Research and Management Science (OR /MS), with a focus on linking OR /MS with other areas of quantitative and qualitative methods in a multidisciplinary framework. Eleven papers selected for this SI of the BSR present improvements and new techniques (methodology) in Operations Research (OR) and their application in various fields of economics, business, spatial science, smart mobility, higher education, human resources, environment, agriculture and social networks.
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V. Kurushina, Elena, Mikhail B. Petrov, and Irina V. Druzhinina. "Cyclical impact of regional attractiveness characteristics on migration flows." Journal of New Economy 21, no. 3 (October 7, 2020): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2020-21-3-5.
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Achieving strategic goals of the spatial development implies improving the living en vironment for the population, increasing its mobility on the one hand and concentration in pro spective centres of the economic growth on the other. The paper studies the migration behaviour with the use of coefficients of the mechanical growth rate of the population in conditions of the varying attractiveness of the Russian regions, which depends on stages of economic cycle. The methodological basis of the research comprises spatial economics, content theories of motiva tion, theory of population migration, and theory of economic cycles. The research uses the sta tistics of the socioeconomic development of 83 subjects of the Russian Federation for the period of 2005–2017 that corresponds to the declining phase of the long half-wave. To investigate the influence of regional attractiveness factors on the intensity of migration flow the authors apply regression analysis methods. The spatial regression models are built for each year of the studied period using the IBM SPSS Statistics. The dynamics analysis of the coefficients of migration growth during the period of the long half-wave reveals two short-term cycles, one lasting from 2005 to 2010 and the other continuing from 2010 to 2015. The findings indicate that indicators tend to converge in the descending phase of the short-term cycle and, au contraire, to diverge in the ascending phase across regions. Based on the dynamics of elasticity coefficients of the migra tion growth, the authors identify regions’ characteristics, which increase their influence on the intensity of migration flow in the ascending phase and decrease it in the descending phase of the short-term cycle. Obtained quantitative estimates of the cyclical effects of territories’ attrac tiveness characteristics may promote the efficiency of measures for controlling migration flows.
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Alov, I. N. "Evolution of concepts of spatial segregation in US cities." Regional nye issledovaniya 71, no. 1 (2021): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2021-1-9.
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Spatial segregation has been and still remains a popular object of study among city researchers representing geography, sociology, and economics. The core of the corpus of conceptual works on this subject is composed of works devoted to US cities. Russian and Western European researchers in their works usually either use or criticize the American experience. However, at the moment in the domestic literature there is no comprehensive review of conceptual approaches to the study of the segregation of American cities. Over the almost 100-year history of this direction, theoretical and methodological approaches have changed several times. This article provides a review of thematic literature on American cities over the entire period of study of this phenomenon. There are six main stages in the development of this research field. These include the work of the Chicago School, quantitative studies of segregation as a social problem, original ideas from radical and critical geographers, concepts based on the notion of the racial hierarchy of society, publications of the Los Angeles School and theorists of polarization, as well as the two most recent major concepts. spatial segregation – «quartered city» by P. Marcuse and hyperghettoization by L. Wacquant. The key positions on which the representatives of these directions do not converge are highlighted - the reasons, driving forces and the nature of the segregation process. The logic of the change of prevailing views is traced and conceptual additions are identified.
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Owens, Raymond, Esteban Rossi-Hansberg, and Pierre-Daniel Sarte. "Rethinking Detroit." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 12, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 258–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20180651.
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This paper studies the urban structure of Detroit—one that is clearly not optimal for its size—which features a business district immediately surrounded by largely vacant neighborhoods. A model is presented where residential externalities lead to multiple equilibria at the neighborhood level. Specifically, neighborhood development requires the coordination of developers and residents, without which it may remain vacant even with sound fundamentals. Given this mechanism, existing strategic visions to revitalize Detroit are evaluated within a quantitative spatial model that can rationalize Detroit’s current allocations. Alternative plans that rely on “development guarantees” are also considered and shown to yield better outcomes. (JEL D62, R11, R23, R32, R58)
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Yidana, Mumuni Baba, Francis Arthur, and Bethel Tawiah Ababio. "Teachers’ Application of Multiple Intelligences Approach in Teaching Economics." Education Research International 2022 (March 25, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2875555.
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The use of Gardner’s multiple intelligences (MI) theory is touted as one of the ideal ways of teaching students with diverse intelligences. However, there appears to be paucity of research in this area of knowledge. This study, therefore, explored the application of multiple intelligences approach in the teaching of Economics. The study was a quantitative research that adopted the descriptive cross-sectional survey design. In total, 100 senior high school teachers were selected for the study. Data were collected by the use of a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, ranging from “never” to “very frequently.” Descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (MANOVA) were used to analyse the data. The study revealed that Economics teachers frequently used interpersonal intelligences in teaching Economics. Additionally, it was found out that there was a statistically significant difference in the application of bodily-kinesthetic intelligence approach in the teaching of Economics based on Economics teachers’ teaching experience. However, the findings of the study showed no statistically significant difference in the Economics teachers’ application of MI approach in the teaching of Economics based on their gender. It was, thus, recommended that Ghana Education Service, Ministry of Education, and Non-Governmental Organisations should organise seminars and conferences for teachers to deepen their understanding of the application of the MI approach in the teaching of Economics. In addition, heads of senior high schools should organise professional development programmes and conferences to enable teachers acquire information on the following domains of MI: logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, and naturalistic intelligences.
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Okunev, Igor Yu, Sergey L. Barinov, Aleksandr A. Belikov, and Yana O. Polyakova. "Cross-country Spatial Patterns in Terms of Human Development Indices." Economy of Region 17, no. 3 (October 5, 2021): 855–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-3-10.
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The present study attempts to answer the question, which is not considered in the United Nations’ annual Human Development Reports, namely, how spatial patterns of the world countries differ in terms of human development indices. The quantitative research includes three phases. First, functional relations between indices were analysed based on Moran’s I and data fitted by linear regression. Second, clustering of the world countries by human development indices revealed seven spatial clusters. Third, the countries were classified by the types of significant human development problems. The classification distinguished various types of countries: prosperous, problematic and problematic in certain areas. Correlation and spatial dependence analysis demonstrated an important relationship between education and child indicators, in particular, years of education and life expectancy. As a result, the territorial concentration of countries with similar human development was noticed. According to all four groups of indices, 51 prosperous countries (the majority of which are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)) are characterised by the lack of serious problems. The group of problematic countries includes 51 territories mostly located in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as in Asia, Latin America and Oceania. The findings on relative similarity observed in the identified clusters and groups can be used for developing standard solutions to improve human development. Further research in this direction seems promising.
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Okunev, Igor Yu, Sergey L. Barinov, Aleksandr A. Belikov, and Yana O. Polyakova. "Cross-country Spatial Patterns in Terms of Human Development Indices." Economy of Region 17, no. 3 (October 5, 2021): 855–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-3-10.
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The present study attempts to answer the question, which is not considered in the United Nations’ annual Human Development Reports, namely, how spatial patterns of the world countries differ in terms of human development indices. The quantitative research includes three phases. First, functional relations between indices were analysed based on Moran’s I and data fitted by linear regression. Second, clustering of the world countries by human development indices revealed seven spatial clusters. Third, the countries were classified by the types of significant human development problems. The classification distinguished various types of countries: prosperous, problematic and problematic in certain areas. Correlation and spatial dependence analysis demonstrated an important relationship between education and child indicators, in particular, years of education and life expectancy. As a result, the territorial concentration of countries with similar human development was noticed. According to all four groups of indices, 51 prosperous countries (the majority of which are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)) are characterised by the lack of serious problems. The group of problematic countries includes 51 territories mostly located in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as in Asia, Latin America and Oceania. The findings on relative similarity observed in the identified clusters and groups can be used for developing standard solutions to improve human development. Further research in this direction seems promising.
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Scaffidi, Federica. "Soft power in recycling spaces: Exploring spatial impacts of regeneration and youth entrepreneurship in Southern Italy." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 34, no. 7 (November 2019): 632–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094219891647.
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Throughout the last decades, more and more attention in academics and practice has been given to ‘social’ topics such as community involvement, active citizenship, commoning processes. Considering this trend, it is possible to notice an abuse of these terms, contributing to the ‘social washing’ and feeding the risk of instrumentalisation. Starting from the analysis of the state of the art and comparing two cases, the paper aims to evaluate the outcomes of neglected sites recycling with socially innovative initiatives. At the centre of the debate are social enterprises, non-profit entities whose ambition is to create social benefits and new economic solutions for a better use of local resources over time. Considering this purpose, the research investigated the European scenario of Southern Italy, characterised by demographic transition and youth migration. The research adopted qualitative, quantitative and comparative methods. The two cases analysed and compared are Periferica of Mazara del Vallo and ExFadda of San Vito dei Normanni. Both are the result of local resources reactivation and youth entrepreneurship policies. These creative centres are managed by social enterprises. Their actions and activities affect the places producing social, economic, cultural and spatial impacts. However, behind these initiatives lies the soft power, a power able to shape people perceptions through culture. The research illustrates the process outcomes and evaluates its positive and negative impacts to the site and its surroundings. In conclusion, the research is conceived as a contribution to the body of knowledge and the basis for future researches and practical models for the socially innovative recycling of disused resources in urban–rural context.
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de La Paz, Paloma Taltavull, Jim Berry, David McIlhatton, David Chapman, and Katja Bergonzoli. "The impact of crimes on house prices in LA County." Journal of European Real Estate Research 15, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 88–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-01-2021-0002.
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PurposeThis paper focusses on analysing the impact of crime on the housing market in Los Angeles (LA) County. By looking at different types of crime instead of general crime measures and controlling by spatial dimension of prices and crime as well as endogeneity, a model is developed that allows for the understanding of how a specific crime impacts the housing market transaction price. To perform the analysis, the paper merges different data sets (crime, housing transaction and census data) and then computes the distances to crucial transport modes to control the accessibility features affecting housing prices. The latter allows estimating the association of housing prices and crime in the distance and estimating the impact on housing depending on it.Design/methodology/approachThis paper focusses on the following crimes: aggravated assault, burglary (property crime), narcotics, non-aggravated assault and vandalism. The paper shows firstly how incidents of reported crime are distributed across space and how they are related to each other – thus highlighting crime models with spatial influences. Secondly, the research utilises instrumental variables within the methodology to estimate house prices using spatial analysis techniques while controlling for endogeneity. Thirdly, it estimates the direct impact of crime on house prices and explores the impact of housing and neighbourhood features.FindingsResults suggest that house transaction prices and crime are closely correlated in two senses. Housing prices are endogenously negatively associated with the levels of narcotics and aggravated assaults. For narcotics, the impact of distance is shorter (1,000 m). However, for burglary, vandalism and non-aggravated assaults, the price reaction suggests a positive association: the further away the crime occurs, the higher the prices. The paper also shows the large spatial association of different crimes suggesting that they occur together and that their accumulation would make negative externalities appear affecting the whole neighbourhood.Research limitations/implicationsThe use of a huge database allows interesting findings, but one limitation can be to not have longer time observations to identify the crime evolution and its impact on housing prices.Practical implicationsLarge implications as the relationship identified in this paper allow defining precise policies to avoid crime in different areas in LA. In addition, crime has significant but quantitative small effects on LA housing transaction prices suggesting that the effect depends on the spatial scale as well as lack on information about where the crimes are committed. Lack on information suggests low transparency in the market, affecting the transaction decision-taken process, affecting the risk perception and with relevant implications over household welfare.Originality/valueThis paper relates the spatial association among crimes defining the hotspots and their impacts on housing transaction prices.
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Chen, Hailian. "Fueling the Boom: Coal as the Primary Source of Energy for Processing Zinc in China and Comparison with Europe, ca. 1720-1820." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 57, no. 1 (February 11, 2014): 76–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341343.
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AbstractStemming from an examination of the zinc industry in early modern China, this article centers on a detailed survey of coal, the primary source of energy for processing zinc. On the basis of Qing archival documents, this article investigates the previously unknown spatial relationship of zinc ore deposits, coal mines, and zinc smelters; provides quantitative evidence of coal use by estimating the annual consumption of coal in processing zinc; offers a new perspective on the general use of coal in Qing China; and compares the coal-fuel efficiency problem in early European and Chinese zinc production.
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Kong, You, Scott Le Vine, and Xiaobo Liu. "Capacity Impacts and Optimal Geometry of Automated Cars’ Surface Parking Facilities." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6908717.
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The impact of Automated Vehicles (AVs) on urban geography has been widely speculated, though there is little quantitative evidence in the literature to establish the magnitude of such effects. To quantify the impact of the greater precision of automated driving on the spatial efficiency of off-street parking facilities, we develop a mixed integer nonlinear model (solved via a branch-and-cut approach) and present comparisons against industry-standard requirements for human-driving operation. We demonstrate that gains on the order of 40–50% in spatial efficiency (parking spaces per unit area) are in principle achievable while ensuring that each parked vehicle is independently accessible. We further show that the large majority of these efficiency gains can be obtained under current automotive engineering practice in which only the front two wheels pivot. There is a need for standardized methods that take the parking supply of a city as an input and calculate both the aggregate (citywide) efficiency impacts of automated driving and the spatial distribution of the effects. This study is intended as an initial step towards this objective.
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Blanutsa, Viktor. "Spatial Diffusion of Digital Innovations: Trends, Problems and Prospects of Empirical Research." Spatial Economics 17, no. 4 (2021): 118–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2021.4.118-142.
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The aim of the study was to generalize the world experience of studying the spatial diffusion of digital innovations in order to determine trends in changing priorities, existing problems and possible prospects for empirical research. With the help of the author’s semantic search algorithm, approximately eighty journal articles published in the last twenty years were found in eight bibliographic databases. The use of a moving average and biproportional indices for quantitative analysis of the array of articles revealed four upward trends: an increase in the average annual number of publications on the subject under consideration, increased attention to the deployment of broadband communications, the impact of spatial diffusion on economic growth and the use of regions as territorial units for studying diffusion processes. An informal analysis of the articles led to the identification of five key problems of modern research: a significant discrepancy between the year of publication and the last year of the process under study, analysis of a limited number of digital innovations, lack of a comprehensive understanding of the joint spatial diffusion of several innovations, the dominance of the idea of the homogeneity for the initial territorial units and the unexplored system of factors contributing to or hindering the spread of digital innovations. Comparing the existing experience of studying the spatial diffusion of digital innovations with similar studies of other types of innovations allowed identifying five promising areas for further research: the use of big data; expanding the set of models used with the subsequent creation of a system of methods; the study of hierarchical, network and other methods of spatial diffusion; the definition of spatial innovation waves with an explanation of the reasons for the formation of territorial barriers and filters; creation of a theory of the spatiotemporal spread of digital innovations based on the generalization of empirical research. The necessity of determining the scope of application of the results obtained in diffusion studies outside of regional economic policy is noted
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Stevens, Catriona. "A spatial and organisational analysis of Asian panethnic association in Perth, Western Australia." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 38, no. 1/2 (March 12, 2018): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-01-2017-0002.
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Purpose“Asian” is an aggregating descriptive term commonly used in Australian media, politics and everyday speech to describe people of diverse backgrounds. The purpose of this paper is to question the extent to which “Asian” Australian residents living in Perth, Western Australia demonstrate spatial or organisational panethnic association.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses quantitative population data from the 2011 Census using GIS to visualise the spatial residential distribution of individuals born in Asian countries and individuals with Chinese ancestry within the Perth metropolitan area. The paper further uses qualitative data drawn from fieldwork conducted in Perth to consider evidence of organisational panethnic association.FindingsFor first generation migrants there is currently little spatial or organisation evidence of “Asian” panethnic association in Perth. Migrants from different ethno-national backgrounds exhibit very different residential patterns. Incipient ethnoburbs are developing that appear to be based on ethnicity rather than panethnicity. Migrant organisation in Perth is likewise arranged primarily on the basis of ethnicity although some panethnic work is observed.Research limitations/implicationsFindings indicate trends towards ethnic residential segregation. Further longitudinal research could expand upon these findings. Qualitative research could determine causes of segregation and implications of (pan)ethnic identities, and explore how individuals from Asian countries respond to the dominant linguistic aggregation of “Asians”.Originality/valueThis paper offers an original analysis of a common frame of reference that has received little critical attention in the Australian context. It applies the framework of Asian panethnicity developed in the USA and finds it wanting, highlighting an inconsistency between the racialised language used in Australia to describe migrants from Asia and the ways these migrants associate.
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Rae, Alasdair. "The illusion of transparency: the geography of mortgage lending in Great Britain." Journal of European Real Estate Research 8, no. 2 (August 3, 2015): 172–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-08-2014-0030.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the geography of mortgage lending in Great Britain. It uses a new mortgage dataset as a way to shed light on the spatial distribution of mortgage finance and to highlight the different lending patterns of seven major UK banks. It also examines the relationship between the distribution of mortgage finance and socio-economic status at the local level. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology is based on simple quantitative techniques, including spatial analysis, location quotient analysis and socio-economic classification. Lending data for Great Britain’s 10,000 postcode sectors are the basis for analysis here. Findings – The results suggest that some banks lend significantly less than others in poorer areas, but, owing to a lack of data, it is not possible to say why. It is possible to identify banks that appear to change their lending patterns in areas with different socio-economic characteristics. The paper concludes by reflecting on key messages and by making a small number of recommendations to improve transparency in the sector. Research limitations/implications – In the absence of demand-side metrics, it is not possible to determine which banks lend disproportionately high or low amounts in poorer areas. Practical implications – This paper has implications in relation to increasing financial transparency in the residential mortgage sector. The most important implication would be to highlight the fact that this new data – whilst a welcome development – is a long way from providing proper transparency in the mortgage lending sector. Originality/value – This paper fills a gap in the international literature in relation to our understanding of the geography of mortgage lending in a major world economy. It also highlights important differential lending patterns in relation to socio-economic status at the sub-national level.
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Luke, Mijo. "Globalization and the Changing Geography of Social Life in Rural Kerala." Journal of South Asian Development 17, no. 1 (November 13, 2021): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09731741211057821.
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This article contributes to the study of globalization and social change in rural Kerala by examining the historical trajectories of educational, occupational and spatial mobility among three communities—Syrian Christians, Ezhavas and Pulayas—in the village of Kavakad, Kerala. It addresses the involvement of each community in transnational migration and related mobilities away from the village. The article is based on quantitative data collected through an intergenerational family survey and semi-structured interviews conducted in Kavakad. The research reveals that while the dominant Syrian Christian community gained most from transnational migration, all three communities benefited from forms of upward mobility. However, our findings also confirm that, despite various forms of mobility, longstanding social inequalities between Syrian Christians, Ezhavas and Pulayas in the village persist. The article highlights the ways in which spatial mobility is a key factor in shaping the relative social mobility of each community. As such, it contributes to our understanding of the reproduction of inequality in contemporary Kerala and, in particular, of the ways in which historically accumulated resources and community networks enabled Syrian Christians to turn transnational migration into lasting forms of upward mobility. It also suggests a need for alternative development interventions at the local level to support the spatial mobility of marginalized rural communities.
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Mahavik, Nattapon. "Quantitative Methods and Socio-Economic Applications in GIS." International Journal of Building, Urban, Interior and Landscape Technology (BUILT) 12 (December 3, 2018): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/built.v12.169214.
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Integration of quantitative methods on social science research has progressed in studying the complex human or social systems. Geographic Information System (GIS) is the main tool that has capability to integrate and analyze various datasets on spatial aspects. Not only geography researchers who are interested on the interaction of human activity and spatial dimension, but also other social-related fields share the same interests.
Concept and theory before GIS age are quite difficult to explore spatially in the real-world applications for practitioner. However, GIS has capability to integrate quantitative methods with spatial analysis. In this book, the author, Prof. Fahui Wang, has provided both concept and theoretical backgrounds on human geography, city and regional planning of public policy. In addition, the author also demonstrates the example in the real-world applications based on GIS environment largely performed by ArcGIS.
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Olifir, Denis. "Comparative Analysis of the Spatial Structures of the Moscow and St. Petersburg Agglomerations." Spatial Economics 18, no. 1 (2022): 73–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2022.1.073-100.
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The article provides a comparative analysis of the existing spatial structure of urban settlement of the two largest agglomerations of our country – Moscow and St. Petersburg. Quantitative (dynamics of the number of settlements with the status of a city, dynamics of the population of cities, the number of houses under construction and the total area of residential units under construction) and qualitative (analysis of the automobile and railway networks) indicators are used. The following scientific methods are used in the work: statistical, geostructural, cartographic modeling, grouping method. 2002–2021 the two agglomerations are characterized by positive trends in population growth, which are associated with migration growth. The supporting framework of the Moscow agglomeration is represented by a uniform radial-circular type with a mixed monopolycentric model with a dominant core and the presence of large sub-centers, while the St. Petersburg agglomeration is a coastal type with a pronounced monocentric model and exclusive dominance of the core. On the basis of the existing supporting frames, to determine the stages of development of two agglomerations, a spatial typology of cities was carried out depending on the degree of their remoteness from the corresponding central points (nuclei). As a result, five orders (belts) with averaged transport availability isochrones were identified. Transformation processes of staged agglomeration development proceed most intensively within the entire Moscow agglomeration, which is at the stage of suburbanization. In the St. Petersburg agglomeration, the most active urbanized zone are cities located at distances of up to 50 km from the central point of the core, and it is characterized by a transition from the urbanization stage to the suburbanization stage
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Sukkay, Sasicha, and Prapatpong Upala. "Development of Housing Standards and Spatial Design Guidelines for Mobility Handicaps in Thailand." Asian Social Science 13, no. 12 (November 28, 2017): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v13n12p112.
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The objectives of this research are 1) to compare the standards of housing design for mobility disabled at the domestic and universal levels, 2) to standardize the developing process of housing design guideline for mobility handicapped properly with the context of Thailand, and 3) to evaluate the proficiency of the guideline by employing both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Regarding the guidelines comparison, the results indicated that the available housing design guidelines in Thailand had excluded the spatial allocation standard for supporting the mobility dependency as well as some particular dwelling functions had been abandoned from these guidelines. Furthermore, it appeared that these design guidelines were not constituted based on the participatory of multidisciplinary experts, for instance, medical and architectural professionals. This research had initiated an evaluating process for the guideline’s competence by using four indicators,namely, 1) comprehension, 2) completeness, 3) convenience, and 4) composition of design. The rating scale questionnaires were distributed to the two sampling groups comprising the group of 30 experienced Government agencies and the group of 30 mobility handicapped. The data collection consisted of two main steps: 1) the assessment of the comparative study-based guideline and 2) the assessment of the participatory-based guideline. The data retrieved from these two phases were analyzed by the inferential statistics, Paired Sample t-test. The results revealed the differences between these two sampling groups in every design category at the significance level of 0.05. It was clear that the participatory-based guideline was more efficient than the comparative study-based guideline (p ≤ 0.005). Besides, the evaluating scores addressed by the group of experienced Government agencies and the group of mobility disabled representative were discovered significantly contrary.
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Kaplyuk, Ekaterina, and Lyudmila Matveeva. "The Industrial Landscape of the Russian Southern Regions under the Conditions of “New Normality”." Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, no. 2 (August 2019): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2019.2.12.
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The purpose of this article is to assess the industrial location that characterizes the industrial landscape of the Russian Southern regions in the conditions of “new normality” using the tools of economic and statistical analysis and cartographic modeling. The methodological basis of research is formed by the convergence of the systemic, synergetic and evolutionary approaches as well as the main statements of the theories of regional economics and regional management, economic landscape, spatial distribution and concepts of using resources and productive forces. Within the authors’ concept of the existing industrial landscape’s role in forming the configuration of new industrialization in the macroregion (Southern Federal District), the paper analyzes the state and trends of key components of the industry’s “industrial location” by means of calculating the index of technical capacity of the industries that occupy the greatest weight in the regional economy structure. The authors make the differentiation of industries in the analyzed macro-region according to the level of technological development. This allowed identifying their groups by quantitative parameters of industrial location. The obtained groups of industries are, on the one hand, the characteristics of the Southern Federal District industrial landscape. Оn the other hand, they are the supporting units (frame matrices) that form the innovative geometry of the macroregion. Grouping of industries empirically and practically confirmed the importance of manufacturing enterprises as supporting parts of the macroregion economic basis for creating an industrial landscape which meets modern requirements of innovative and neo industrial development.
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Pucangan, I. Putu Wahyu Wedanta, and Ciptadi Trimarianto. "KESIAPAN KAWASAN MENGWI DALAM RENCANA PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN BERORIENTASI TRANSIT DAN KETERKAITANNYA TERHADAP SDGS." Sustainable, Planning and Culture (SPACE) : Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota 3, no. 2 (April 6, 2022): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/space.v3i2.2461.
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Transit-oriented areas (TOD) are related to space and place through the division of activity centers in transit-oriented areas such as ports, terminals, airports, stations by combining transportation, land use, economic, social and environmental facilities and infrastructure, transit-oriented areas, namely at Mengwi Terminal, Badung Regency. The purpose of this study is to assess the Standard TOD by ITDP in the Mengwi transit-oriented area as well as its linkage to the SDGs through qualitative methods with policy studies and descriptions as well as quantitative analysis with MCE. The results of the assessment show that the Mengwi area of Badung Regency has met the TOD standard with the Bronze category. The linkage of the Mengwi Area in the transit-oriented area development plan to the SDGs, namely in Indicator 11.2, namely and the implementation of the national urban spatial regulation strategy.
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Di, Danyang, Zening Wu, Xi Guo, Cuimei Lv, and Huiliang Wang. "Value Stream Analysis and Emergy Evaluation of the Water Resource Eco-Economic System in the Yellow River Basin." Water 11, no. 4 (April 6, 2019): 710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11040710.
Full textAbstract:
Value accounting of water in the Yellow River Basin is a key issue in managing local water resources in an efficient, equitable, and sustainable way. In view of the dubious current theories of water resource value, the value transfer of water resources, based on energy flow, is discussed from the perspective of eco-economics. An emergy analysis method is introduced to quantify both the sediment transportation value and social value, and a quantitative system of eco-economic value indicators is constructed. The water resource values of 66 cities in the Basin were calculated, and the GIS atlas was used to describe their spatial distribution. Eight typical cities were selected for the key analysis. The results show that: (1) Among the sub-items, the social value of water per unit is the largest, reaching 30.67 Chinese Yuan/m³, and the difference between the maximum and minimum is only 0.04%, which reflects the social equity of water resources. (2) The eco-environmental value inside the river is generally higher than that of industry, and it is verified that industrial water should not intrude the eco-environmental water in the river. (3) The unit agricultural value of water is the lowest among the sub-items, and the construction of water-saving agriculture should be carried out.
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Lee, Mi-Hyang, and Seung-Hoon Han. "Innovative Evaluation Techniques for Hanok Sustainability Based on Integrative Comfort Indices." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 7, no. 4 (December 14, 2021): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7040244.
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This study aims to present integrative evaluation techniques that can assess spatial comfort reflecting the unique value of a vernacular building type in Korea called Hanok. For this purpose, current evaluation indices and methods of official standards for normal building performance were analyzed through previous studies, since any certified tools for Hanok evaluation do not exist. This situation has made relevant markets to be deactivated, although Hanok has valuable meanings as the traditional architecture to be succeeded to the next generation in Korea. Accordingly, specific assessment indices were derived to evaluate the Hanok sustainability especially focused on spatial comfort by using a qualitative field surveys with combined quantitative references. Then, actual resident data were collected from a series of Hanok testbeds for specific time-points including summer and winter solstices on the lunar-year system. As a result, resident data could be employed to reveal the characteristics of comfort performance from those target specimens, and show the tendency of the Hanok comfort by suggested innovative criteria for the market as a clue for its commercial potentials. Accordingly, it was concluded that the proposed techniques and indices could be certified for the Hanok evaluation and applied to the field of associated industries to show its specific values and advantages.
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Li, Jun, Yan Zhu, Zhenwei Li, Wenle Lu, Yang Ji, and Xiao Sang. "Exploring the Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Correlation Factors of Wayfinding Performance on City-Scale Road Networks Based on Massive Trajectory Data." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (March 4, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8829081.
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Understanding how urban residents process road network information and conduct wayfinding is important for both individual travel and intelligent transportation. However, most existing research is limited to the heterogeneity of individuals’ expression and perception abilities, and the results based on small samples are weakly representative. This paper proposes a quantitative and population-based evaluation method of wayfinding performance on city-scale road networks based on massive trajectory data. It can accurately compute and visualize the magnitude and spatial distribution differences of drivers’ wayfinding performance levels, which is not achieved by conventional methods based on small samples. In addition, a systematic index set of road network features are constructed for correlation analysis. This is an improvement on the current research, which focuses on the influence of single factors. Finally, taking 20,000 taxi drivers in Beijing as a case study, experimental results show the following: (1) Taxi drivers’ wayfinding performances show a spatial pattern of a high level on arterial road networks and a low level on secondary networks, and they are spatially autocorrelated. (2) The correlation factors of taxi drivers’ wayfinding performances mainly include anchor point, road grade, road importance, road complexity, origin-destination length, and complexity, and each factor has a different influence. (3) The path complexity has a higher correlation with the wayfinding performance level than with the path distance. (4) There is a critical point in the taxi drivers’ wayfinding performances in terms of path distance. When the critical value is exceeded, it is difficult for a driver to find a good route based on personal cognition. This research can provide theoretical and technical support for intelligent driving and wayfinding research.
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Heston, Yudha Pracastino, Bakti Setiawan, and Deva Fosterharoldas. "FACTORS CAUSING URBAN LIFE DISRUPTIONS." Sustainable, Planning and Culture (SPACE) : Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota 3, no. 2 (March 30, 2022): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/space.v3i2.1742.
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Urbanism happened in the city causes smart urbanism as a result of the development of smart technology applied in the urban areas. Urban hardware, urban software, and urban actors are those three main components that form urbanism. Similarly, platform has spatial, economic, and political service effects. The study was conducted in Yogyakarta. It is quantitative study. Random sampling was applied to select the respondents for the study. The questionnaire was created in googleform and distributed through WhatsApp. There were 64 respondents in this study. The result of the study shows that community members had been involved in planning and implementing program and activities for Covid-19 handling. Community members provide useful information related to Covid-19 handling such as providing information about positive cases and travellers who arrived in their neighbourhood. Community members were also involved in giving opinions and ideas for preventing and handling Covid-19 especially in their neighbourhood.