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Johnson, David Robert. "Conformability analysis for the control of quality costs in electronic systems." Thesis, University of Hull, 2003. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16059.
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The variations embodied in the production of electronic systems can cause that system to fail to conform to its specification with respect to Critical to Quality features. As a consequence of such failures the system manufacture may incur significant quality costs ranging from simple warranty returns up to legal liabilities. It can be difficult to determine both the probability that a system will fail to meet its specification and estimate the associated cost of failure. This thesis presents the Electronic Conformability Analysis (eCA) technique a novel methodology and supporting tool set for the assessment and control of quality costs associated with electronic systems. The technique addresses the three main elements of production affecting quality costs associated with electronic systems which are functionality, manufacturability and testability. Electronic Conformability Analysis combines statistical performance exploration with process capability indices, a modified form of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis and a cost mapping procedure. The technique allows the quality costs associated with design and manufacture induced failures to be assessed and the effectiveness of test strategies in reducing these costs to be determined. Through this analysis of costs the technique allows the potential trade-offs between these costs and those associated with design and process modifications to be explored. In support of the Electronic Conformability Analysis technique a number of new analysis tools have been developed. These tools enable the methodology to cope with the specific difficulties associated with the analysis of electronic systems. The technique has been applied to a number of analogue and mixed signal, safety critical circuits from automotive systems. These case studies have included several different levels of system complexity ranging from relatively simple transistor circuits to highly complex mechatronic systems. These case studies have shown that the technique is effective in a commercial design and manufacturing environment.
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Sharma, Naresh Kumar. "Predicting and reducing warranty costs by considering customer expectation and product performance." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Sharma_09007dcc80626d74.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008.Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed March 2, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 216-220).
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Kuong-Lau, Kok-kin. "Quality assurance resource allocation using expert opinion and optimization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24331.
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Seawright, Larry L. "Reducing learning object inspection/evaluation costs in instructional design /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2003. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd232.pdf.
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Cooper, Trudi. "Quality management in Australian higher education : A critical review." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2004. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/842.
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Quality management in higher education is a politically contentious issue in Australia. as it is in North America, New Zealand, and many European countries. The Australian government has instituted a quality management system for higher education that it claims will improve university efficiency, accountability and quality. Critics assert that the current quality management system is detrimental to universities and undermines the capability of universities to deliver maximal benefits to individuals and to society. Evaluation of the basis of conflicting claims is necessary to enable decisions about the usefulness of current practices and decisions about whether existing quality management arrangements should be retained, modified and developed, or replaced, or, abolished.
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Williams, Matthew J. "Development of a quality assurance plan for a microbrewery." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1998. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/979.
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Quality assurance (QA) has become a key factor to business success in the marketplace. Within Australia, companies normally approach QA by implementing formal systems which maintain the consistency of manufacturing processes, and hence, the quality of subsequent output. These systems have increasingly been based upon the international series of standards, ISO 9000.In the food industry, safety is a minimum requirement for food quality. As Governments and food authorities have endeavoured to reduce the incidence of foodborne illnesses, they have promoted the implementation of additional systems developed to a specific standard for food safety, namely Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP). However, the cost of developing and maintaining separate systems to ISO 9000 and HACCP is prohibitive to many food companies, particularly smaller operators. As a consequence, a number of alternative standards have been recently developed that are more relevant to the needs of these companies (e.g. SQF 2000, HACCP-9000). The purpose of this study was to develop a QA plan which could be successfully applied by a particular small food manufacturer (Westoz Brewing), This was achieved by adopting a technique used in a number of these alternative standards, i.e. application of HACCP to both safety and wider quality issues. Due to time constraints, the study focussed on applying HACCP only to quality issues rather than to both quality and safety issues. In particular, these issues were associated with lager-style products manufactured at one of the client's breweries. As a result of this research, the client was provided with a practical plan suitable for the application of a QA system to the production of a Westoz beer. In addition to reducing costs associated with maintaining an integrated system, further savings would be made due to the preventative nature of HACCP, i.e, minimisation of product reworking and waste by ensuring that more products are manufactured "right first time". The developed plan also represented an initial step towards certification to recognised quality standards such as SQF 2000.
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Patterson, Jan. "Consumers and complaints systems in health care /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09php3174.pdf.
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Smit, Wiehahn. "Assessing the contribution of quality and efficiency initiatives to reduce productions costs at Distell's Green Park." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5042.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Manufacturers can gain a competitive advantage through lower production cost, better quality, better efficiencies and being more flexible and dependable than its competitors. Lower production cost can be a result of first-time-right quality products and efficient production processes in terms of throughput. Low production cost is not a destination but a journey where the goalpost will always move as competitors will continuously come up with ideas to lower prices and margins have to be cut in order to stay competitive. This is where manufacturers must come up with initiatives to continuously drive its operational metrics to remain competitive. This research report will explain how Distell's biggest bottling plant, Green Park, successfully introduced Process Control to increase its quality operational metric and a Six Sigma project to reduce downtime to increase its efficiency operational metric to drive its operational costs down. Process Control was introduced as a TOM initiative with a subsequent reduction in rework due to poor quality (thousands) from R1 585 to R484. This contributed to 'first-time-right' production, better efficiencies and not tying up valuable production time with reworks. The Six Sigma principles were used on a production line to introduce initiatives to reduce changeovers and unplanned downtime to improve its GEE. This initiative has a projected benefit of R687 (thousands). The report also indicated that a 1% increase in Green Park's overall GEE will result in 1% saving of production hours resulting in a 1% saving of variable cost. This will result in an OEE of 63% that will save 226 hours and R410(thousands).
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vervaardigers kan 'n kompeterende voorsprong verkry deur laer produksiekoste, beter gehalte en groter doeltreffendheid te bewerkstellig en deur meer buigbaar en betroubaar as hul teestanders te wees. Goeie gehalte produkte wat die eerste keer reg is en doeltreffende produksieprosesse vir verwerkingskapasiteit kan laer produksiekoste tot gevolg het. Lae produksiekoste is nie 'n bestemming nie, maar 'n reis waartydens die doelpale sal skuif met teestanders wat deurgaans met idees om pryse te verjaag, vorendag sal kom. Winsgrense sal moet verklein word om kompeterend te bly. Hier moet vervaardigers inisiatief aan die dag lê om hul operasionele meetbares te dryf om kompeterend te bly. Hierdie navorsingsverslag sal verduidelik hoe Distell se grootste botterings aanleg, Green Park, prosesbeheer (Process Control) suksesvol in werking gestel het om sy meetbares wat operasionele gehalte betref, te verhoog, en 'n Six Sigma-projek ingestel het om staantyd te verminder sodat sy meetbares wat operasionele doeltreffendheid betref, kan verhoog en sy operasionele koste sodoende besnoei word. Prosesbeheer is as algehele gehaltebestuursinisiatief ingestel met 'n gevolglike vermindering van herverwerking weens swak gehalte (duisende) van R1 585 na R484. Dit het bygedra tot groter doeltreffendheid met produksie wat uit die staanspoor reg is, en verhoed dat kosbare produksietyd op herverwerking gespandeer word. Die Six Sigma-beginsels is in 'n produksielyn gebruik om inisiatiewe in werking te stel om oorskakelings en onbeplande staantyd ter verbetering van die algehele toerustingsdoeltreffendheid (OEE), te verminder. Hierdie inisiatief hou 'n geprojekteerde voordeel van R687 (duisende) in. Die verslag dui verder aan dat 'n 1%-verhoging in Green Park se algehele OEE sal lei tot 'n 1% besparing in produksie-ure, wat 'n 1% besparing op veranderlike koste tot gevolg het. Dit sal tot 'n OEE van 63% lei, wat 226 uur en R410 (duisende) sal spaar.
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Santín, López Ignacio. "Application of control strategies in wastewater treatment plants for effluent quality improvement, costs reduction and effluent limits violations removal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/305238.
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En este trabajo se aplican diferentes estrategias de control en las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales. El primer objetivo es la mejora del rendimiento de control. Básicamente, esto sirve como una prueba de que la estrategia de control propuesta se ha aplicado correctamente. El objetivo final es el efecto de la estrategia de control aplicada sobre el rendimiento de la planta. En concreto, mejorar la calidad del efluente, reducir costes de operación y evitar violaciones de los límites establecidos en el efluente.
La evaluación de las diferentes estrategias de control se lleva a cabo en primer lugar con el Benchmark Simulation Model No. 1 (BSM1), y en segundo lugar con Benchmark Simulation Model No. 2 (BSM2). BSM1 se centra en el tratamiento biológico mediante reactores de lodos activos, y la evaluación se basa en una semana de simulación. BSM2 es una versión extendida del BSM1, agregando el tratamiento de lodos y proporciona un afluente más elaborado y variable, con un año de evaluación.
Los enfoques de control se basan en Control Predictivo basado en Modelo, control difuso, funciones que relacionan las variables de entrada y las manipuladas, y Redes Neuronales Artificiales. El Control Predictivo basado en Modelo se propone para una mejora del tracking. El control difuso y las funciones se implementan para mejorar los procesos de desnitrificación o de nitrificación en base a los objetivos propuestos. Sus parámetros de sintonía se seleccionan mediante análisis trade-off. Las Redes Neuronales Artificiales se aplican para detectar riesgo de violaciones y obtener una selección automática de la estrategia de control adecuada.
Se muestran los resultados y se comparan con las estrategias de control por defecto y con la literatura. Para el rendimiento de control, se obtiene una mejora satisfactoria. En cuanto al rendimiento de la planta, en la mayoría de los casos se evitan violaciones de los límites establecidos de nitrógeno total y de amonio y nitrógeno amoniacal, mientras que también se consigue una mejora de la calidad del efluente y una reducción de costes de operación.In this work different control strategies are applied in wastewater treatment plants. The first objective is the control performance improvement. Basically, this serves as a proof that the proposed control strategy has been applied properly. The final objective is the effect of the applied control strategy on the plant performance. Specifically, the effluent quality improvement, costs reduction and avoiding violations of the established effluent limits. The evaluation of the different control strategies is carried out first with Benchmark Simulation Model No. 1 (BSM1), and secondly with Benchmark Simulation Model No. 2 (BSM2). BSM1 is focused on the biological wastewater treatment by activated sludge reactors, and the evaluation is based on a week of simulation. BSM2 is extended adding the sludge treatment and provides a more elaborated and variable influent with an assessment of one year. The control approaches are based on Model Predictive Control, Fuzzy Control, functions that relate the input and manipulated variables and Artificial Neural Networks. Model Predictive Control is proposed for tracking improvement, Fuzzy Controllers and functions are implemented to improve the denitrification or nitrification processes based on the proposed objectives. Their tuning parameters are selected by trade-off analyses. Artificial Neural Networks are applied to detect risk of violations for an automatic selection of the suitable control strategy. The results are presented and compared with the default control strategy and with the literature. For the control performance, a satisfactory improvement is obtained. Regarding the plant performance, in most of the cases, violations of the established limits of total nitrogen and ammonium and ammonia nitrogen are avoided, as well as an effluent quality improvement and cost reduction are achieved.
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Urbanová, Lucie. "Systém řízení jakosti společnosti a řízení reklamací." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221733.
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This master’s thesis deals with system of quality management and its applications in Tyco Electronics EC Trutnov, s. r. o. company. The practical part is focused in management of complaint and implementation of costs of quality monitoring.
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Kovesdi, Zsófia. "Optimizing wine quality in Australia, Coonawarra wine region: vinification and fermentation control management in Shiraz wine. Internship report." Master's thesis, ISA, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19578.
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European Master of Science in Viticulture and Oenology - Instituto Superior de Agronomia / Institut National d'Etudes Superieures Agronomiques de MontpellierThis paper presents an internship at Balnaves of Coonawarra winery and describes the specialties of the wine region trough the current technologies both in winemaking and viticulture. The biggest concern of the region is the global warming increasing average temperature and CO2 content in the air which can effect on grape maturity, and increase oenological parameters such as pH, sugar and alcohol level. Thus, temperature influences grape development, especially the breakdown of acids and berry color development. In this study, a Shiraz (Vitis vinifera L.) vintage 2018 harvested with high maturity level and potential alcohol was monitored during alcoholic and malolactic fermentation. Oenological parameter were collected from the date of harvest to investigate the possibility of quality optimization and reduction of microbiological spoilage. To overcome the problem of high sugar media and high pH must corrections were made. The organoleptic results showed minimal difference in the evaluated wines qualities concluding that with using correct winemaking technologies wine quality can be increased in case of overripe grape harvest. This is a promising view on winemaking in climate change; considering Balnaves of Coonawarra winemaking technologies could increase fermentation efficiency and closing the gap for potential spoilage in wine
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Cruickshank, Mary T., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, and Faculty of Management. "Developing a quality culture within a school of nursing in higher education." THESIS_FMAN_XXX_Cruickshank_M.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/604.
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During the past decade, nurses in the clinical setting have began making a paradigm shift from Quality Assurance to Total Quality Management, or as it is commonly referred to within health care facililties, Continuous Quality Improvement.In contrast, scant attention has been paid to quality management practices in nursing in the higher education sector. This study provides an applied example of where it investigates quality management practices in the context of organisational culture and human resource management with the aim of developing a quality culture model for a school of nursing in higher education.The research study that was conducted produced several major findings from the views of nurse academics who participated in it. Several issues associated with nurse academics' opinions of quality management practices utilised in schools of nursing have been unravelled.The fundamental issue is that procedures and policies formulated for nurses in the hospital setting do not serve the needs of nursing education.The most crucial factor to be considered in policy developments and future research is that it needs to be contextualised in the culture of nursing in higher education.It has become imperative that a transparent quality culture reflects contemporary nursing in Australia and the proposed model in this thesis provides nurses with an opportunity to shape a quality system for the nursing profession.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Dempsey, Mairead. "Impacts of the changing nature of the Vocational Education and Training (VET) system on educators within the VET system in Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/586.
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Vocational Education and Training (VET) in Australia has experienced an unprecedented rate of change in recent times dominated by economic discourses that point to the need for the VET system to contribute to economic development. This discourse includes increasing the competence of the present and future workforce to meet the emerging needs of the economy so Australia can compete in the global market. The VET sector in Australia operates within a National Training Framework that has been constantly changing over the past decade.
This study considered the impact of the changing nature VET policy on trainers of VET. The study explored the proposition that there is a link between VET trainer competency and a high level of non-compliance in the delivery and assessment aspects of the Australian regulatory standards.
This study includes an environmental scan, a review of key literature, interviews, a survey and findings from focus groups that relate to the VET trainer profile, impacts of sector changes and benchmarks for trainers of VET. The study draws on both quantitative and qualitative data to determine some of the impacts of policy changes on trainers operating within the system, from regulatory to operational perspectives.
This study identifies a basic profile of VET trainers in Australia. It found the pace of change of government policy, regulatory changes, expectations of industry and changes in learners had placed considerable strain on VET providers and their trainers. Some of the challenges identified by trainers included the capacity to reflect the requirements of National Training Packages and meets the needs of the diverse learner’s, and the use of new technology. They identified increased stress levels and pressure of time constraints to produce results.
The evidence indicated the disparity of content, delivery and assessment and modes of the benchmark Certificate IV in Training and Assessment was not conducive to consistency in trainer competency and ability to meet the changing needs of the VET environment.
An important conclusion was that the benchmark qualification for training and assessment within the VET sector does not provide sufficient skills and knowledge to enable trainers to confidently adjust to the speed of evolution within the VET sector. The findings led to recommendations that may help to inform government and policy makers who hold responsibility for the VET sector in Australia of possible future considerations in relation to trainers of VET.
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Mussett, Janis. "An analysis of quality practices and business outcomes in Western Australian hospitals." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1651.
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This study aimed at identifying aspects of health care organisational management and activities that produced the highest level of quality care. A Literature review was conducted to determine the most successful quality activities currently used in a wide variety of industries. Using the findings of this review a questionnaire and interview questions were designed to identify factors associated with successful quality activities I health care organisations. Four Western Australian hospitals that were believed to have effective quality activities were randomly selected as a hospital from each of the following categories. A private hospital accredited by the Australian Council on Health Care Standards. A country hospital that had 100% patient satisfaction and a city hospital with above 96% patient satisfaction assessed by the State wide Government Patient Satisfaction with Care Survey. A hospital that the Health Department of Western Australia considered had best practice in Quality Activities. Each of these hospitals was matched with a control hospital. Data was collected through direct observation of a questionnaire and interviews with people in predetermined health service employment positions and the completion of one randomly selected supplier interview for each of the eight health services studied. The questionnaire was supplied to a range of staff members and interviews were conducted with these employees and hospital goods or service suppliers. Data was analysed using qualitative evaluation, frequency distribution and a factor analysis. Results obtained in this study identified that the most important factors required to produce the most profitable and highest quality of health care were a culture of caring, providing employees with enough time to complete their work and having effective organisation wide communication. A Quality Care Model for use in Health Services was created based on the research findings. When used this model of quality activities should provide customer satisfaction and a high standard of cost effective health care service.
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Badrick, Tony Cecil. "Implementing total quality management in Australian health care organizations." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1997.
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Scobie, David Roger. "Short term effects of stress hormones on cell division rate in wool follicles : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs421.pdf.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 183-207) A local intradermal technique using colchicine to estimate cell division rate in wool follicles is refined and used throughout the thesis. Statistical methods used to analyse data obtained with this method are described and discussed. The implications of the findings are of great significance to research into the influence of physiological changes on wool production, and suggest experiments should be conducted under controlled environmental conditions, with a minimum of stress imposed on the animals.
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Cociorva, Aliona. "Planeamento e controlo dos custos da qualidade nas empresas certificadas." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18987.
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A presente dissertação aborda a importância do planeamento e controlo dos custos da qualidade para a gestão da qualidade, postura fundamental na estratégia das organizações, que procuram vantagens competitivas para assegurarem a sua continuidade num mundo globalizado. Apesar do movimento da qualidade estar intimamente associado à certificação dos sistemas de gestão da qualidade, os mesmos, por si só, não são suficientes para assegurar a competitividade das organizações nos mercados altamente competitivos. Hoje em dia, as empresas dispõem, regra geral, de menos recursos do que no passado, o que as obriga a geri-los de forma mais criteriosa e racional. Assim, as organizações, cada vez mais, têm que ser eficientes na sua gestão e procuram medir a qualidade em termos monetários, através de sistemas de gestão de custos da qualidade, destacando assim a validade e utilidade do planeamento e controlo dos custos da qualidade, como instrumento de gestão. Assim sendo, este estudo apresenta como objetivo principal conhecer os procedimentos adotados no planeamento e controlo dos custos da qualidade nas empresas portuguesas certificadas, bem como verificar se elaboram relatórios de gestão que permitam determinar o retomo financeiro dos investimentos efetuados em qualidade. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam uma reduzida adesão da maioria das empresas respondentes em relação à implementação de sistemas formais, que quantificam e controlam os custos de qualidade, bem como à identificação explícita e isolada dos custos da qualidade nos relatórios de gestão. Também ficou averiguado o baixo nível de controlo dos investimentos efetuados em qualidade e, evidentemente, tal procedimento acarreta dificuldades na quantificação dos retornos obtidos nas empresas portuguesas certificadas. ABSTRACT: The present dissertation approaches the importance of planning and control quality costs for the management of quality, a key element for the strategy of the organizations that seek out competitive advantages to assure the continuity in a globalized world. Despite of the movement of the quality being intimately associated to the certification of the quality management systems, they are not enough to assure the competitiveness of organizations in highly competitive markets. Presently, organizations are facing a reduction in the amount of available resources, forcing them to manage those resources in a more discerning and rational way. More and more, the organizations have to be efficient and attempt to measure the quality in financial terms, through cost of quality management systems, thus showing the validity and usefulness of planning and control the costs of quality as a management instrument. ln this way, the main purpose of the study is to know the practices adopted by certified Portuguese companies concerning to the planning and control of quality costs, as well as to know if those companies are preparing management reports that allow them to verify the financial return of the investments in quality. The results showed that only a few number of the inquired companies have implemented formal systems that quantify and control the quality costs, and identify in an explicit and segregate way the quality costs in management reports. The results also showed the low level of control related to the investments in quality and the resultant problems in quantifying the returns of quality investments by the certified Portuguese companies.
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Bennett, Paul J. "An investigation into the health related outcomes of surgery performed by Fellows of the Australian College of Podiatric Surgeons." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36746/1/36746_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
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Health care providers in the United States, United Kingdom and Australia debate the need for expanding the role of podiatrists' to include the surgical care of foot problems. Paradoxically, during a twelve month period from July 1995 to June 1996, Fellows of the Australian College of Podiatric Surgeons (FACPS) performed over 1,500 individual surgical operations on approximately 785 Australians.
Few prospective investigations of podiatric surgeon outcomes have been conducted, none of which have taken place in Australia. More particularly, no studies have used valid psychometric instruments to measure the effects of care provided on patients' "health related quality of life". The research contained in this thesis deals with the conceptualisation, development and validation of a new health status instrument: the Foot Health Status Questionnaire. This instrument has been developed with the specific intent of investigating the impact of FACPS on patients' health related quality of life.
One hundred and forty-two subjects treated by eleven Fellows for orthopaedic, neurological or integumentary systems diseases of the foot were recruited into a six month long quasi-experimental repeated measures (time series) study. The study identified that the vast majority of subjects (more than 92%) who underwent foot surgery experienced significant improvements' in a range of health related quality of life dimensions and indicated that they would undergo their procedure again. In particular, a MANCOVA analysis demonstrated that subjects' reported reduced levels of foot pain, increased levels of physical function, improved general foot health perception and footwear related quality of life, up to six months after their respective operations.
Adverse effects of surgery identified in this study include a significant short-term functional disability for subjects' undergoing orthopaedic correction of foot problems and, in the immediate post operative phase, a significant reduction in social function for all three groups of subjects'. Generic measures of General Health and Vitality, as captured by the Short Form 36 health status instrument, were unaffected by Fellows treatment. This study did not identify any significant short to medium term morbid outcomes.
Assessment of patients' satisfaction with surgery one, three and six months postoperatively reflected a general under-reporting of the beneficial effects of foot surgery. These findings support the premise that; specific health related quality of life measures provide significant explanatory power about the outcomes of care compared with the more traditional approach of evaluating patient satisfaction with surgery.
In summary, it has been recommended that podiatrists, like other health care professionals, use recognised methods to determine whether their care meets professional standards and to generate evidence to prove that it does. This research contributes to meeting this important public health need.
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Noronha, Rossano Santos. "Projeto Econômico da Carta de Controle X : um modelo com custos dependentes dos desvios." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2017. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/6276.
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Devido à dificuldade em se estimar os custos de operação associados ao monitoramento estatístico do processo nos trabalhos identificados na literatura, este trabalho tem por objetivo propor um modelo de otimização econômico para a carta de controle _X que considere as incertezas em relação aos custos variáveis e dependentes do desvio em relação à média do processo. O levantamento bibliográfico efetuado auxiliou no entendimento de como a incerteza em relação aos custos na utilização das cartas de controle são tratados. Percebeu-se o tratamento dos custos bem como do parâmetro de desvio do processo em relação a média _ como variáveis discretas e que impactavam na carta. A proposta aqui apresentada consiste em tratar não apenas o desvio em relação a média mas também dois dos custos associados à operação da carta de controle _X como variáveis aleatórias de distribuição contínua, inserindo assim um componente de incerteza na sua estimação. Desenvolveu-se assim uma nova formulação para o problema de otimização. Foram escolhidas instâncias para a otimização e comparados os resultados com os obtidos por autores da literatura. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio da metaheurística simulated annealing. Como resultados, o método mostrou-se eficiente, mostrando que o nível de dependência entre o parâmetro de mudança de processo e o custo e, da incerteza que se tem quanto aos valores definidos de custo de operação impactam nos custos totais de operação do CEP. A principal contribuição deste trabalho de pesquisa está na apresentação de uma formulação matemática de otimização da carta de controle _X que trata não somente o desvio em relação à média do processo mas também os custos de operação do CEP como variáveis aleatórias. A originalidade da formulação está em considerar os custos linearmente dependentes do tamanho do desvio do processo em relação a sua média.
Due to the difficulty in estimating the operating costs associated to the statistical monitoring of the process described in the literature, this paper aims to propose a model of economic optimization for the _X control chart that considers the uncertainties in relation to the variable costs and dependent on the deviation in relation to the average of the process. The literature review performed supported the understanding of how the uncertainty in relation to costs in the use of control charts is treated. The treatment of the costs as well as the parameter of deviation of the process in relation to the _ average were indicated as discrete variables and that impacted on the chart. The proposal presented here consists of treating not only the deviation from the mean but also two costs associated with the operation of the _X control chart as random variables of continuous distribution, thus inserting a component of uncertainty in its estimation. A new formulation for the optimization problem was developed. Instances for optimization were chosen and the results were compared with those obtained by authors described in the literature. The results were obtained through simulated annealing metaheuristics. As a result, the method proved to be efficient, showing that the level of dependence between the process change parameter and the cost, as well as the uncertainty regarding the defined operating cost values impact on the total cost of operation of the SPC. The main contribution of this research work is the presentation of a mathematical formulation of optimization of the _X control chart that treats not only the deviation in relation to the average of the process but also the operating costs of the SPC as random variables. The originality of the formulation is to consider costs linearly dependent on the size of the process deviation in relation to its mean.
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Plaster, Octávio Barbosa. "Fatores operacionais e de custos na colheita de pinus em área declivosa no sul do Espírito Santo." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5791.
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Previous issue date: 2010-05-07Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo geral de analisar os fatores operacionais e de custos na colheita de pinus em área declivosa no sul do Espírito Santo. Especificamente objetivou-se quantificar: os níveis de inclinação das áreas em função das atividades e operações realizadas; realizar a análise técnica do sistema de colheita e transporte florestal em áreas de desbaste; avaliar os custos operacionais do sistema de colheita e transporte florestal e analisar a qualidade das operações de colheita e transporte florestal em florestas de pinus em regime de desbaste. A caracterização do re levo da área de estudo foi realizada com a finalidade de definição dos níveis topográficos para análise do sistema de colheita de madeira com o uso de aparelho de GPS, cl inômetro e o software ArcGis®9.2. A análise técnica e de custos foi realizada a partir do estudo de tempos e movimentos e dados dos custos operacionais repassados pela empresa. A qualidade das operações de colheita florestal foi dimensionada a partir da montagem de parcelas nas áreas, avaliação de pilhas e do veiculo de transporte. De acor do com os resultados obtidos, a área foi considerada fortemente ondulada, onde aproximadamente 58% do total, apresentou inclinação entre 20 e 45%. A análise técnica mostrou que as interrupções interferem significativamente em todas as operações da colheita florestal, chegando a representar 71,16% do tempo total na atividade referente ao traçamento da tora. O maior custo operacional foi encontrado no transporte (36,6% do total) e as maiores representatividades nos custos ocorreram em função dos custos de combustíveis e de mão de obra. Baixa qualidade operacional foi encontrada principalmente nas atividades de corte, representadas em sua maioria pelo engaiolamento e enganchamento de árvores
This study aims to examine the general factors and operating costs in the harvesting of pine trees in the area south gradient in the Holy Spirit. Specifically aimed to quantify: the levels of tilt of the areas depending on the activities and transactions, performing technical analysis of the system of forest harvesting and transportation in areas of thinning; evaluate the operating costs of harvesting and transportation system and analyze the forest quality of harvesting operations and transport in forests of pine forest in thinning regime. The characterization of the topography of the study area was conducted with the purpose of defining levels for topographical analysis of the system of harvest with the use of GPS equipment, clinometer and ArcGIS ® 9.1 software. The technical and cost was carried out from time and motion study data and operational costs passed on by the company. The quality of forest harvest operations were scaled from the assembly of parcels in the areas of assessment batteries and vehicle transportation. According to the results obtained, the area has been heavily wavy, where approximately 58% of the total, had inclination between 20 and 45%. The technical analysis showed that interruptions interfere significantly in all forest harvesting operations, came to represent 71.16% of total time in activity related to the tracing of the log. The largest operating cost was found in transport (36.6% of total) and the largest representativity in costs occurred in relation to the costs of fuel and labor. Lower operational quality was found mainly in the activities of the court, mostly represented by caging and hooking trees
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Guevara, Contreras Gremy Yeleny, and Atoche Nery Maritza Angélica Santillán. "Análisis de costos de no calidad en edificaciones multifamiliares masivas caso: Nuevo Alcázar Condominio." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2015. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/1265.
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La presente tesis tiene como objetivo ser guía en el análisis e interpretación de las causas de los Costos de No Calidad para los futuros proyectos del sector construcción, tomando como fuente de información el proyecto de viviendas multifamiliares: “Nuevo Alcázar Condominio”, ubicada en el distrito del Rímac en la ciudad de Lima.
La tesis se desarrolló de acuerdo a la información de la Primera Etapa comprendida por los Edificios 17, 18 y 19; las principales fuentes de información fueron los registros de las No Conformidades en el proceso de ejecución de la obra, la data del programa S10 que nos fue de ayuda para obtener los costos reales acumulados, la data del programa PLANOK, del cual se obtuvo el registro de observaciones de los propietarios desde la puesta en servicio del proyecto, el reporte operativo de costos acumulado a Agosto 2015, el registro de adicionales y control de cambios durante la ejecución del proyecto, estas herramientas fueron piezas claves para el análisis de esta investigación.
Para el caso estudiado, se concluyó del objetivo general que los costos de no calidad influyen en el margen de utilidad cuando se realiza un presupuesto sincerado, de los objetivos específicos se concluye que la calidad se debe desarrollar desde el diseño del proyecto y no solo durante la etapa de ejecución, ya que los errores o incompatibilizaciones en los planos generan adicionales de obra y se analizaron que las partidas de control que representaron una mayor ganancia fueron las que obtuvieron mayores observaciones en la puesta en servicio del proyecto.
The objective of this investigation is to be a guide in the analysis and interpretation of the causes of non-quality costs for future projects in the construction sector, using as information the project: “Nuevo Alcázar Condominio", located in the district of Rimac in Lima.
The investigation was developed according to information of the first phase comprised of Buildings 17, 18 and 19; the main sources of information were records of nonconformity in the process of execution of the project, the data of the S10 program that was helpful to us for actual costs accumulated, dates from PLANOK program, which recording observations of the owners was obtained from the commissioning of the project, operating costs accumulated report in August 2015, additional registration and change control during project implementation, these were important tools for the analysis of this research.
For the case study, it was concluded from general object that the costs of not quality affect the profit margin when the budget is exact, the specific objectives that quality is important from the design of the project and not only in the implementation phase, so that the fault on drawings generate additional work and we analyzed the control items accounted for a larger gain were the major observations obtained in the service of the project.
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Mindemark, Mirja. "The Use of Laboratory Analyses in Sweden : Quality and Cost-Effectiveness in Test Utilization." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Klinisk kemi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-120554.
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Laboratory analyses, essential in screening, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of disease, are indispensable in health care, but appropriate utilization is intricate. The overall aim of this thesis was to study the use of laboratory tests in Sweden with the objective to evaluate and optimize test utilization. Considerable inter-county variations in test utilization in primary health care in Sweden were found; variations likely influenced by local traditions and habits of test ordering leading to over- as well as underutilization. Optimized test utilization was demonstrated to convey improved quality and substantial cost savings. It was further established that continuing medical education is a suitable means of optimizing test utilization, and consequently enhancing quality and cost-efficiency, as such education was demonstrated to achieve long-lasting improvements in the test ordering habits of primary health care physicians. Laboratory tests are closely associated with other, greater, health care costs, but their indirect effects on other areas of medicine are rarely evaluated or measured in monetary terms. In an illustrative example of the effects that optimal test utilization may have on associated health care costs it was demonstrated that F-calprotectin, a fecal marker of intestinal inflammation, has the potential to substantially reduce the number of invasive investigations necessary in, and the costs associated with, the diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Information on trends in test utilization is essential to optimal financial management of laboratories. A longitudinal evaluation revealed that test utilization had increased by 70% in 6 years, and even though the selection of tests more than doubled, a very small number of tests represented a stable, and disproportionally large, share of the total number of tests ordered. The study defines trends and thus has potential predictive values. In summary, appropriate utilization of laboratory analyses has both clinical and economical benefits on all levels of health care.
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Arantes, Cássia da Silva Castro. "ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA DA QUALIDADE NA PRODUÇÃO DE FARELO E ÓLEO DEGOMADO DE SOJA, ESTUDO DE CASO EM EMPRESA DE MÉDIO PORTE EM RIO VERDE - GO." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2016. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2483.
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Previous issue date: 2016-03-10This study deals with the application of statistical methods for analysis of the quality production of the Meal and Degummed soybean Oil. As Case Study object has Guará Industry, which provided the necessary data. These were analyzed by applying statistical methods such as ANOVA and Tukey Test, stability analysis using control charts and process capability analysis. With the analysis came to the conclusion that the warehouse actually influence the quality of soybeans, the main feedstock of the company. It was also found that much of the quality characteristics of the products produced show that the processes are not stable and are unable. During the study, also rose at the main quality problems the company owned, as well as the causes of these. Finally, this work shows important information about the enterprise and suggests improvements to ensure effective gains in the quality of final products and consequently better results for the organization, preventing and eliminating unnecessary quality costs.
Este estudo aborda a aplicação de métodos estatísticos para análise da qualidade da produção de farelo e óleo degomado de soja. Como objeto do estudo de caso tem-se a Indústria Guará, a qual forneceu os dados necessários. Estes foram analisados aplicando-se métodos estatísticos, tais como Anova e Teste de Tukey, análise da estabilidade através de cartas de controle e análise da capacidade do processo. Com as análises, chegou-se à conclusão de que os armazéns realmente influenciam na qualidade da soja, principal matéria prima da empresa. Verificou-se também que grande parte das características de qualidade dos produtos produzidos demonstram que os processos não estão estáveis e não são capazes. Durante o estudo, foram levantados ainda os principais problemas de qualidade que a empresa possui, bem como as causas destes. Por fim, este trabalho demonstra importantes informações sobre a empresa e sugere melhorias para garantir ganhos efetivos na qualidade dos produtos finais e, consequentemente, melhores resultados para a organização, evitando e eliminando custos de qualidade desnecessários.
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Vintrlík, Jan. "Analýza výkonnosti procesu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229507.
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Presented thesis entitled “Process performance analysis” deals with problems in identification of the causes of the increasing cost and declining quality of the products, their minimization or complete removal. Further analysis will address the cost of low quality, serving as a basis for possible recovery of the fleet. All material presented in this thesis were collected in the company of NEVOGA, s r.o. engaged in manufacturing parts for the construction industry.
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Barnes, Alison Kate School of Industrial Relations & Organisational Behaviour UNSW. "'The centre cannot hold': resistance, accommodation and control in three Australian call centres." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Industrial Relations and Organisational Behaviour, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/22026.
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Drawing upon case studies of three organisations operating six call centres in Australia, this thesis explores the manifestations and interplay of employee resistance and accommodation in response to five facets of employer control: electronic monitoring; repetitious work; emotional control; the built environment; and workplace flexibility. Accommodation refers to the ways workers protect themselves from and adapt to the pressures that make up their day-to-day experiences of work. Accommodation, unlike resistance, which implies opposition to control, may superficially resemble consent to control. I argue that resistance and accommodation are not polar opposites; rather they are both reflections of the conflict and tensions that lie at the heart of the employment relationship. At the study sites, employees utilised resistance and accommodation both separately and concurrently. An explanation of these seemingly contradictory responses and of the links among accommodation individual resistance and collective resistance lies in the concept of ???self???. In this thesis, ???self??? refers to workers??? perceptions of fairness, dignity and autonomy. I examine how these notions frame worker discontent and promote employee solidarity. ???Everyday resistance???, a concept first developed by Scott (1985) in relation to peasant struggles, is employed to highlight the existence of subterranean struggles in workplaces that otherwise appear to be harmonious. At the study sites, everyday resistance was a multi-faceted, widely employed strategy whose strength lay primarily in its immediate impact. There was, however, no necessary sequential development from accommodation, through everyday resistance to overt, formal forms of conflict. What was evident was that multiple responses to employer control could co-exist and inhibit or promote one another. But it was through organised collective resistance that more formalised gains were made and widely held grievances addressed. I suggest that, although everyday resistance may lay the groundwork for more formal struggles, one should not conclude that traditional collective resistance is ???genuine??? resistance and everyday resistance is simply a second-best prelude to it. Although conflict is always present, its intensity differs. If we are to understand the complexity of worker responses to managerial control, we need to expand the theoretical frameworks within which we analyse and interpret conflict.
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Cruz, Roberto Ribeiro de Azevedo. "Gerenciamento de energia elétrica para otimizar a qualidade e a eficiência energética de grandes consumidores." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5300.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-25Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This paper presents the management of power system of a major consumer, with the objective of minimizing cost and waste of electric energy, as well as providing controling of the behavior of its system of distribution of electric energy, causing the consumer unit to be able to monitorise the energy received through the dealership and delivered to their users, seeking to attain good levels in quality and energy efficiency. The work was developed in a large consumer UFPB CAMPUS - I, through the analysis of information regarding its energy efficiency, and system management using electric power management equipment and techniques to better control the quality and efficiency desired. The results obtained with the management show details of the reduction in the monthly bill of the unit analyzed with the elimination of fines caused by low power factor, improvements in hiring demands and regarding the continuity of energy supply. Measures and solutions adopted in this study can be applied to other consumers with all the conditions to reach the expected results, respecting their particularities and their productive activities
Neste trabalho é apresentado o gerenciamento do sistema de energia de um grande consumidor, com o objetivo de minimizar custos e desperdícios de energia elétrica, bem como propiciar o controle do comportamento do seu sistema de distribuição de energia elétrica, fazendo com que a unidade consumidora venha a ter condições de monitorar a energia recebida através da concessionária e entregue a seus usuários buscando atingir bons níveis na qualidade e eficiência energética. O trabalho é desenvolvido em um grande consumidor, UFPB-CAMPUS I, através da análise das informações quanto a sua eficiência energética, do gerenciamento do sistema utilizando equipamentos gerenciadores de energia elétrica e de técnicas para maior controle da qualidade e eficiência desejadas. Os resultados obtidos com o gerenciamento mostram detalhes da redução na fatura mensal da unidade analisada com a eliminação de multas provocadas pelo baixo fator de potência, melhores condições na contratação das demandas e as melhorias quanto à continuidade no fornecimento de energia. As medidas e soluções adotadas neste estudo podem ser aplicadas a outros consumidores com todas as condições de se chegar aos resultados esperados, respeitando suas particularidades e suas atividades produtivas
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Elahi, Behin. "Integrated Optimization Models and Strategies for Green Supply Chain Planning." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1467266039.
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Kreps, Jakub. "Analýza konkurenčního boje v obchodně technologickém odvětví." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222207.
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The thesis analyses competitive environment of suppliers of concurrent quality control technology in industrial enterprises and research laboratories. The thesis provides concepts for a creation of competitive advantages and related higher evaluation of costs and diferentiation than competition. Further it compares technologies from various manufacturers, comparing economical and technical parametres. The evaluation of results follows a presentation of approachs to achieve the most efficient competitors fight management. The thesis also include prognosis of future conditions in the business technology sector on Czech and Slovak market and concept of an appropriate format of effective competitive intelligence. In conclusion there is a presentation of a quality and quantity concept evaluation with emphasis on economic gain of presented solution.
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McGown, Valerie. "The effectiveness of quality control systems in Australia and Japan : a comparative analysis." Thesis, 2010. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/21293/.
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This thesis undertakes a comparative analysis of quality control practices in Japan and Australia
in the 1980s and the 1990s. The methodology employed consists of two main components. The
first is a comparative analysis of the literature in Japanese and in English, to highlight the
differences in the interpretation of quality management systems. The second is the analysis,
through extensive interviews, of five case studies (including Japanese firms in Japan, Japanese
subsidiaries in Australia and Australian firms) to identify the differences in actual practice in the
two countries.
One aim is to define the characteristics of the ‘mature’ system of Japanese quality control in
place around 1990, as a basis for comparative analysis. Three important aspects of the Japanese
approach are a reliance on formal structures, procedures and data, the key role played by
engineering staff and an emphasis on the technical rather than the social aspects of quality
control systems in Japan. By contrast the Australian practice focused on people issues,
labour-management relations and achieving cultural change, but formal structures, data and the
role of engineering staff were generally inadequate. Some evidence is found of a ‘reverse effect’,
that addressing technical production problems contributes to a positive experience of work, but
the converse is unlikely to be an effective approach to installing a quality management system.
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Patterson, Jan. "Consumers and complaints systems in health care / Jan Patterson." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19008.
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Bibliography: leaves 463-496.ix, 497 leaves ; 30 cm.
This thesis explores the dimensions of the actions of consumers, governments and service providers influential in contributing to the climate of reform in the health care area in Australia and the subsequent developments. There are clearly defined consumer models of complaints-handling for the health area, ascertainable from examination of the broader context of the development of the consumer movement and consumer organisations ; and specifically drawing on the common elements from the contribution of the consumer movement in health. A consumer model for complaints-handling at the local level is proposed.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Community Medicine, 1997?
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Yoon, Won Byong. "Use of linear and nonlinear programming to optimize surimi seafood." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27439.
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Least cost formulations for surimi seafood were studied
by linear programming (LP) and nonlinear programming (NLP).
The effects of water and starches on functional properties of
Alaska pollock and Pacific whiting surimi gels were
investigated. Six starches (modified potato starch, potato
starch, modified wheat starch, wheat starch, modified waxy corn
starch, and corn starch) and their mixtures were used as
ingredients. Mixture and extreme vertices design were used as
experimental designs. Canonical models were applied to the
optimization techniques. Blending different kinds of surimi
showed linear trends for each functional property, so that LP
was successfully employed to optimize surimi lots. Strong
interactions were found between surimi and starch or in starch
mixtures. Two optimum solutions, obtained from LP and NLP,
were compared in this study. Corn starch and modified waxy
corn starch greatly improved the functional properties.Graduation date: 1997
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Misiorek, Violetta Iwona. "Controlling processes with reference to costs, item price and process evolution." Thesis, 1998. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/18194/.
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This thesis presents some recent work of the author in developing the analysis
of a number of process control models that take into account statistical, economic and
other practical issues. Special attention is paid to the problem of optimum selection the initial process mean setting, with particular reference to filling/canning processes.
As there are many different situations that involve different cost parameters, this leads
to the consideration of various models each with their own particular solution. The
effects of change of the process variance on the optimal solution as well as on the
expected profit are discussed. Implications to 'Weights and Measures' requirements of
following this optimality path are provided, with particular reference to loss in
expected profit per item.
Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction and is followed by a literature review
in Chapter 2.
Chapter 3 deals with the issue of selecting the optimum process mean by
presenting a simple model and emphasising the dependencies between the process
parameters.
Chapter 4 further investigates the problem presented in Chapter 3 and presents
several models for which the selection of the most profitable process setting is
considered, concentrating on a canning problem. Various industrial filling processes
are described and some of the issues considered include: waste, overfill, top-up, and
the penalty costs for items that initially fail to meet specifications.
Chapter 5 discusses Weights and Measures requirements in connection with a
canning process. Both Australian requirements and OIML International recommendations are discussed. The Australian requirements are also compared with
the requirements of the European Economic Community as well as the United States.
Chapter 6 illustrates the potential use of the models developed in chapter 4 by
giving an industrial example and again discussing the implications to Weights and
Measures requirements.
In Chapter 7 the problem of an optimal selection of the initial process mean is
examined for a process with a linear shift. Special focus is on the economic benefits
obtained from reducing process standard deviation and the rate of change of the mean.
Conclusions and some suggestions for future work are provided in chapter 8.
Parts of chapter 4, 5 and 6 form the contents of a paper, 'Mean Selection for
Various Types of Filling Process with Implications to 'Weights and Measures'
Requirements', undergoing revision for publication in the Journal of Quality
Technology.
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Cook, Peter 1947. "Investigation into value difference within the professional culture of nursing." 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EDM/09edmc771.pdf.
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Kim, Young-Kil. "Nutrient sources and dynamics in the Parafield stormwater harvesting facility and implication to water quality control." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/57033.
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The quantity of stormwater runoff from the city of Adelaide almost matches the demand for drinking water. It therefore becomes increasingly important as an alternative source for water supply. This research focused at the Parafield Stormwater Harvesting Facility near Adelaide in order to better understand: (1) nutrient dynamics between the water column, sediments and plant community, (2) allochthonous and autochthonous sources of nutrients and (3) nutrient retention capacity of the reed bed. A weekly monitoring programme for the physical and chemical parameters of the water column, sediment and plant community was carried out over three years for specific locations within the reed bed. Ordination and clustering of the time series data revealed distinctive seasonal and spatial nutrient patterns. The concentrations for total nitrogen (TN) showed high concentrations for the summer period (1.04 to 1.86 mg/L) and low concentration for the winter season (0.25 to 0.46 mg/L). For the other nitrogen fractions in form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) and ammonium (NH₄⁺) the seasonal patterns were different to that of TN. In NO₃⁻ the concentrations were high during the summer and winter seasons and NH₄⁺ showed high concentration during the spring. The seasonality for total phosphorus (TP) showed high concentration for the spring period (0.049 to 0.163 mg/L) and low concentration for the other seasons (0.01 to 0.019 mg/L). A similar pattern has been observed for phosphate (PO₄³ ⁻) as well. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations showed high concentrations during the summer period (21.36 to 31.64 mg/L) and low concentration during the winter seasons (5.48 to 7.14 mg/L). The seasonal pattern for the nutrient contents of the plant community showed highest concentrations during summer (5.5 to 34.2 gTN/kg) and lowest concentrations in winter (0.2 to 7.7 gTN/kg). Nutrient concentrations in the sediments were highest during the non-growing seasons (autumn and winter). This result indicated that the function of sediments changes seasonally from being a sink during the non-growing season by accumulating both allochthonous and autochthonous nutrients in the rainy season, and becoming a source during the growing seasons due to nutrient release from anaerobic sediments supporting the growth of the macrophyte community. Overall the function of sediment in reed bed pond of the Stormwater Harvesting Facility was to be a source of nutrients and therefore no accumulation of nutrients occurred during the study period. The research has demonstrated that the reed bed currently performs as a reasonable nutrient retention system with following nutrient removal rates: 0.85 mg TN /m²/day, 0.79 mg NO₃⁻ /m²/day, 0.28 mg NH₄⁺/m²/day, 0.05 mg TP /m²/day, 0.04 mg PO₄³ ⁻ /m²/day, and 5.75 mg DOC /m²/day. Seasonal difference in the water retention time showed that the for most of the nutrients the removal performance was most effective during autumn and winter with the exception of the removal performance of P forms, which most effective during spring and summer. For TN, NO₃⁻ and DOC the RE was most efficient at a residence time > 15days, for TP and PO₄³ ⁻ it is 5-10 days and for NH₄⁺ it is <;5days. Time–series modelling of the monitoring data resulted in rule-based prediction models for the different nutrients. Sensitivity analyses of the models revealed key driving variables for the nutrient dynamics of the reed bed. The prediction results revealed that the DO was the key driving variable influencing the nutrient concentrations in the water column and therefore to improve the water quality of the treatment water DO levels have to maintained above the threshold of 4 mg/L. Beside DO other key driving variables were turbidity, ORP and the nutrient levels from the previous site. Therefore the control of these parameters would be the start to develop a management plan for best-practice management in terms of water quality at the Parafield Stormwater Harvesting Facility.http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1458926
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Science, 2010
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Kim, Young-Kil. "Nutrient sources and dynamics in the Parafield stormwater harvesting facility and implication to water quality control." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/57033.
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The quantity of stormwater runoff from the city of Adelaide almost matches the demand for drinking water. It therefore becomes increasingly important as an alternative source for water supply. This research focused at the Parafield Stormwater Harvesting Facility near Adelaide in order to better understand: (1) nutrient dynamics between the water column, sediments and plant community, (2) allochthonous and autochthonous sources of nutrients and (3) nutrient retention capacity of the reed bed.
A weekly monitoring programme for the physical and chemical parameters of the water column, sediment and plant community was carried out over three years for specific locations within the reed bed. Ordination and clustering of the time series data revealed distinctive seasonal and spatial nutrient patterns.
The concentrations for total nitrogen (TN) showed high concentrations for the summer period (1.04 to 1.86 mg/L) and low concentration for the winter season (0.25 to 0.46 mg/L). For the other nitrogen fractions in form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) and ammonium (NH₄⁺) the seasonal patterns were different to that of TN. In NO₃⁻ the concentrations were high during the summer and winter seasons and NH₄⁺ showed high concentration during the spring. The seasonality for total phosphorus (TP) showed high concentration for the spring period (0.049 to 0.163 mg/L) and low concentration for the other seasons (0.01 to 0.019 mg/L). A similar pattern has been observed for phosphate (PO₄³ ⁻) as well. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations showed high concentrations during the summer period (21.36 to 31.64 mg/L) and low concentration during the winter seasons (5.48 to 7.14 mg/L).
The seasonal pattern for the nutrient contents of the plant community showed highest concentrations during summer (5.5 to 34.2 gTN/kg) and lowest concentrations in winter (0.2 to 7.7 gTN/kg).
Nutrient concentrations in the sediments were highest during the non-growing seasons (autumn and winter). This result indicated that the function of sediments changes seasonally from being a sink during the non-growing season by accumulating both allochthonous and autochthonous nutrients in the rainy season, and becoming a source during the growing seasons due to nutrient release from anaerobic sediments supporting the growth of the macrophyte community. Overall the function of sediment in reed bed pond of the Stormwater Harvesting Facility was to be a source of nutrients and therefore no accumulation of nutrients occurred during the study period.
The research has demonstrated that the reed bed currently performs as a reasonable nutrient retention system with following nutrient removal rates: 0.85 mg TN /m²/day, 0.79 mg NO₃⁻ /m²/day, 0.28 mg NH₄⁺/m²/day, 0.05 mg TP /m²/day, 0.04 mg PO₄³ ⁻ /m²/day, and 5.75 mg DOC /m²/day. Seasonal difference in the water retention time showed that the for most of the nutrients the removal performance was most effective during autumn and winter with the exception of the removal performance of P forms, which most effective during spring and summer. For TN, NO₃⁻ and DOC the RE was most efficient at a residence time > 15days, for TP and PO₄³ ⁻ it is 5-10 days and for NH₄⁺ it is <;5days.
Time–series modelling of the monitoring data resulted in rule-based prediction models for the different nutrients. Sensitivity analyses of the models revealed key driving variables for the nutrient dynamics of the reed bed. The prediction results revealed that the DO was the key driving variable influencing the nutrient concentrations in the water column and therefore to improve the water quality of the treatment water DO levels have to maintained above the threshold of 4 mg/L. Beside DO other key driving variables were turbidity, ORP and the nutrient levels from the previous site. Therefore the control of these parameters would be the start to develop a management plan for best-practice management in terms of water quality at the Parafield Stormwater Harvesting Facility.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Science, 2010
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Fitzpatrick, Mark W. "Analytical method for the prediction of reliability and maintainability based life-cycle labor costs." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34400.
Full textAbstract:
An analytical method for predicting life-cycle maintainability labor costs is developed. The purpose of the analytical method is to allow the evaluation of products, based on life-cycle labor cost, early in the design process. The Boeing 737-300/400/500 Bleed Air Control System is used as a test model, and the results of the analysis are compared with historical data from this system. Four prospective design changes to the Bleed Air Control System are analyzed to demonstrate the ability of the analytical method to compare different designs or design changes.Graduation date: 1997
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Grech, Carol Margaret. "Coronial inquiries into fatal adverse events in South Australian hospitals : from inquest to practice / Carol Grech." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22153.
Full textAbstract:
"October 2004"Includes bibliographical references (leaves 313-337)
x, 337 leaves : ill. (col.), maps (col.) ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Public Health, 2004
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Grech, Carol Margaret. "Coronial inquiries into fatal adverse events in South Australian hospitals : from inquest to practice / Carol Grech." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22153.
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Hiscock, Jane E. "Capturing a process an analysis of culture and subcultures in a changing university 1993-1995." 2000. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/25021.
Full textAbstract:
The globalisation of the world economy and world markets has had far reaching effects on national economies as governments try to allocate funding to potentially profitable market areas. Rapid technological change has accompanied the expansion and diversification of the higher education market in an environment of global competitiveness, as universities try to claim their market share. Universities now view themselves as businesses, with strong implications for university staff, who are subject to new forms of organisational controls which emphasise the importance of corporate goals.Thesis (PhD)--University of South Australia, 2000
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Scobie, David Roger. "Short term effects of stress hormones on cell division rate in wool follicles / by David Roger Scobie." Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21634.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 183-207)ix, 207 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.
A local intradermal technique using colchicine to estimate cell division rate in wool follicles is refined and used throughout the thesis. Statistical methods used to analyse data obtained with this method are described and discussed. The implications of the findings are of great significance to research into the influence of physiological changes on wool production, and suggest experiments should be conducted under controlled environmental conditions, with a minimum of stress imposed on the animals.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Animal Sciences, 1992
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McDonald, John Gilbert Walton. "Hydrochemical processes in the Lower Murrumbidgee Area, NSW : the influence of weathering reactions, evaporation, and salt dissolution on groundwater quality." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150008.
Full textAbstract:
The Lower Murrumbidgee area is a major agricultural region located on the Eastern margin of the sedimentary Murray Basin. A large low-salinity groundwater body extends from the Eastern margin in the semi-confined Calivil and Renmark Formation aquifers, and is overlain by higher salinity water in the surficial Shepparton Formation. Deep groundwater extraction has increased to ~300 GL in last decade, leading to substantial pressure declines, and the resulting increased vertical hydraulic gradient increases the potential for downward migration of saline water into productive aquifers. This study is aimed at determining the processes that form the wide range of groundwater compositions in the Lower Murrumbidgee area, and using groundwater chemistry to constrain flow paths. Groundwater and surface water were collected from bores and rivers and analysed for major and minor element concentrations, 87Sr/86Sr, and deuterium/oxygen isotope ratios. Total dissolved solids in groundwater samples span 3 orders of magnitude. Low-salinity groundwaters have similar major ion ratios to the surface waters, with high proportions of HCO3, Na, and Ca, whereas high-salinity waters are Na-Cl dominated with ionic ratios and concentrations similar to seawater. The location of the study area and the groundwater 87Sr/86Sr ratios preclude mixing with connate seawater; groundwaters instead evolve from low-salinity recharge sources (surface water and rain). Major ion trends indicate that high-salinity groundwaters are formed through evaporation/transpiration of rainfall during recharge, and that concentration of dilute solutes initially delivered in rainfall is the dominant process that forms chloride-rich saline groundwaters. The high potential evapotranspiration and flat topography (low runoff) result in removal of a large fraction (>99%) of the water and retention of the most soluble solutes (i.e., Na, Cl, Br). Dissolution of aeolian halite-containing dust is a secondary source of chloride to the system, contributing up to 30% of the total in the east of the study area and 50% in the west, but can not alone account for the formation of the saline groundwater. The shift to Na-Cl dominated compositions during concentration is instead caused by precipitation of calcite and high-Mg calcite; these less soluble components are then recycled back into the atmosphere and influence the rainfall compositions. Cation exchange of dissolved Na for Ca appears to occur during concentration, allowing continued precipitation of calcite without depletion of Ca/accumulation of HCO3. The lowest salinity groundwaters are clustered around the Murrumbidgee River at the eastern margin, and have similar major ion ratios to river water but higher Si concentrations and lower 87Sr/86Sr, indicating that weathering reactions occur during/shortly after recharge. Plagioclase and carbonate fractions of the sediments appear to weather preferentially, because groundwater 87Sr/86Sr ratios are significantly lower than bulk ratios of Murray Basin sediments and their source rocks. The more saline compositions of the deep groundwaters in the west of the study area are consistent with mixing with shallow saline water through downward leakage. The salinity increase is most marked 150-200 km west of the basin margin, and is likely related to increased sediment thickness and a resulting decrease in horizontal flow rates.
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Khanghahi, Houshang Farabi. "A risk-based approach to control of water quality impacts caused by forest road systems." Phd thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151699.
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Crapper, Victoria Clare. "Efficiency and effectiveness in a telecommunications construction context." Master's thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147347.
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Cobiac, Linda J. "Sedimentation ponds and their operation in stormwater systems." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115878.
Full textAbstract:
The efficacy of sedimentation ponds as a means of sediment and heavy metal remediation is investigated, with particular regard to the physical and chemical conditions that may lead to remobilisation of metals from the sedimentsThesis (M.Eng.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2001
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Ndlovu, P. G. "South African citrus farmers' perceptions of the benefits and costs of compliance with private sector certification schemes for citrus exports." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5331.
Full textAbstract:
The main objective of this study was to analyse South African (SA) citrus farmers’ perceptions of the benefits and costs of complying with quality assurance (QA) certification schemes for citrus exports to the European Union (EU). The study used an e-mail and postal survey questionnaire mailed to a stratified random sample of 260 SA commercial citrus growers during July 2007. The survey yielded 108 usable responses - a response rate of 10.8% from the target population of 1001 commercial SA citrus growers. The main factors motivating respondents to adopt QA certification were to keep and maintain access to existing markets; to improve customer confidence in their products; to access new markets; and to meet food safety and retailer requirements. Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
identified six underlying dimensions of motivators, which suggest a drive by sampled respondents to gain certification to meet market requirements, achieve intra-farm benefits such as cost-reduction, and to remain competitive in existing and new foreign markets. The sampled respondents identified the main internal benefits from QA certification as the ability to retain existing markets; improved worker health and safety; better access to foreign markets; better farm organisation; and improved fruit safety
and orchard management. The PCA identified six broad dimensions of these internal benefits. Comparing the motivator and perceived benefit dimensions, most of the motivators seem to have been in part realised by the respondents. Respondents rated shared goals and values about the product; more joint decision making on fruit safety; more working together on quality assurance; a better business working relationship; improved
coordination; and improved trust as the six major supply chain benefits from QA certification. The two dimensions identified from these external benefits by PCA were: (1) Improved working relationship and product quality benefits, and (2) Improved cooperation and contractual benefits. The major costs of implementing EUREPGAP certification related to initial investment costs and the recurrent annual costs of compliance. The respondents, on average, spent an estimated R70655 on initial compliance
costs, mainly for infrastructure, additional buildings and employees training. Some 60% of respondents spent less than 1% of annual farm turnover on initial compliance costs, while most of the respondents (84%) spent less than 1% of annual farm turnover on recurrent costs of compliance. Growers that owned a pack-house had statistically significantly higher initial and annual costs of compliance. Most (63%) of the respondents had a relatively high level of overall satisfaction with QA certification. The second objective of this study was to analyse the determinants of SA citrus farmers’ overall level of satisfaction with QA certification. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression estimated that perceived dimensions of internal benefits, namely (1) Foreign market access benefits; (2) Intra-farm benefits; (3) Improved fruit safety and orchard management; (4) Quality and worker welfare benefits; and (5) Ability to retain existing markets, all had a statistically significant positive influence on the sampled growers’ overall level of satisfaction with QA certification. Supply chain benefits also had a positive effect on overall level of satisfaction, although the effects were not
statistically significant. Similarly, no statistically significant relationship could be established between farm size or the respondents’ level of satisfaction with their certifying agents and their overall level of satisfaction with QA certification. Record keeping is required by nearly all EUREPGAP control chapters and for farm audits. Crop protection is also perceived as a complex requirement of the EUREPGAP protocol. Policymakers thus need to be aware of the extra costs that protocols create for management. The Citrus Growers’ Association of Southern Africa (CGA) could consider providing more extension advice to farmers on the technical requirements of certification (particularly best practices for implementing the control
chapters). Comparing the motivator and perceived benefit dimensions, most of the motivators for QA certification seem to have been in part realised by the respondents. For instance, the drivers to improve business image/market competitiveness/market access requirements/farm profitability were realised via perceived reputation/input cost savings/foreign market and profit improvement benefits. The study results, therefore, provide some evidence that QA certification is a necessary strategy for maintaining competitiveness in EU citrus markets.Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2010.
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Hu, Jigao. "Data visualization & TQM implementation : a study of the implementation of data visualization in total quality management in Victorian manufacturing industry." Thesis, 1995. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/18177/.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Data visualisation (DV) is the process of creating and presenting a chart given a set of
active data and sets of attribute and entity constraints. It rapidly and interactively
investigates large multivariate and multidisciplinary data sets to detect trends,
correlations, and anomalies.
Data Visualisation is the latest analytical tool for both technical computer users and
business computer users. Total Quality Management (TQM) is continuous
improvement in the performance of all processes and the products and services that
are the outcomes of those processes. In quality management, DV is one of the three
new tools that complement the existing seven, which are flow charts, Ishikawa or
cause and effect diagrams, Pareto charts, histograms, run charts and graphs,
scattergrams and control charts. It lets quality control engineers readily see the real
reasons for quality problems by presenting the data in up to six dimensions.
Methodology:
A survey by mail questionnaire was conducted to collect data from one hundred
Victorian manufacturing companies. Responses were received from 52 companies out
of the total of 100. The sample size for each analysis may vary from 52 to 49.
The source for company information was Kompass Australia 1994/1995. The
statistical analysis tool used was Statistica.
Major Findings:
The TQM program implementation tends to be more complete in companies with more
employees.
Wordprocessing software is adopted by all companies in TQM practice, mostly for
producing a quality instructional manual. Spreadsheet and database packages are the
second and the third most commonly used software.
Companies that have completed their formal TQM program implementation generally
use computer software in more aspects of their TQM practice than companies at lower
TQM stages though not always.
Two-dimensional DV techniques are more commonly used than three-dimensional
ones with the 2-D colour and 2-D shade the most widely used by all. The 3-D
animation tool needs to be explored.
DV features are generally important for all the users. The ability to handle complex
data is more important for companies at a higher stage of TQM program
implementation than companies at lower stages.
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Lee, Karen Wing Sze. "Understanding the problems of managing quality in the handling chain for horticultural products." Thesis, 1995. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/18186/.
Full textAbstract:
In response to the establishment of the East Gippsland Vegetable Industry Board, a major new
initiative in fresh vegetable production, marketing and a research program was initiated. It was
to examine a number of factors highlighted by the Boston Consulting Group that were
inhibiting the industry from becoming world competitive. These factors included the size of
individual production units, transport and handling procedures, postharvest care, yield and a
poor understanding of the handling chain and market intelligence (Boston Consulting Group,
1992c).
As part of the research program, this study was initiated to analyse the handling chain for fresh
horticultural produce. Its purpose was to provide a detailed understanding of the conditions
affecting the development of a quality management program. As will be seen in the following
literature review, well controlled and operated handling chains are difficult to establish in
Australia. Therefore, it is important that this aspect of horticulture be thoroughly understood
so that it can be operated efficiently. Such a requirement is rendered more important when it is
considered that East Gippsland is at least 300 km from any major port or distribution centre.
This report through the use of a range of methods (i.e. pilot study, survey and case study) puts forward the thesis that for the long term sustainability of the fresh produce industry in
Australia, it is necessary that procedures be established to enable market signals to be better
disseminated to all players along the handling chain. This lack of information flow makes it
difficult for suppliers to ensure that the product consistently satisfies consumer requirements.
Other problems related to material handling, transport efficiency, storage facilities, training
needs and quality control procedures are related to the fragmented nature of the industry.
The survey showed a correlation between how well a producer understood the complexity of
the handling chain and how he resolved other quality related problems. In overcoming this
central issue, three case studies were undertaken to define different kinds of solutions.
While this study makes a number of recommendations, the real challenge for operators in this
industry is to put into place as quickly as possible a series of actions that will integrate
customers needs into the whole production-distribution-supply system. This suggests the need for a more coordinated approach to quality management such as TQM (Total Quality
Management). To be successful in implementing such a program in this industry frequent
communication and co-operation within the whole handling chain would be needed.
In order to achieve the desired industry commitment to quality, there are four major which need to be addressed when implementing TQM:
(a) Importance of regular timely customer feedback
(b) Formalisation of handling procedures for the entire handling chain
(c) Importance of education and training
(d) Avoid the confusing aspects of Quality Assurance (QA) and Total Quality Management
(TQM) in quality management.
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Summit, Raymond. "Cost modelling using automobile warranty data." Thesis, 2004. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15702/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis sets out to model, from the manufacturer's point of view, the warranty cost of a repairable product. The product can be a complex one made up of numerous
components, all of which are replaced upon failure and are non-repairable. The warranty cost model is used to extrapolate the cost when the warranty is extended. Both point and interval estimates of the current and extended warranty costs are evaluated in this study.
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Σαρέλλας, Αθανάσιος. "Υποδείγματα επιχειρησιακής έρευνας στο σχεδιασμό διαδικασιών ποιοτικού ελέγχου." Thesis, 2011. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/4648.
Full textAbstract:
Η ποιότητα, άρα και ο τρόπος παρακολούθησης της, δηλαδή ο ποιοτικός έλεγχος, σχετίζεται άμεσα με την κερδοφορία μιας επιχείρησης• είτε αυτό επιτευχθεί μέσω αύξησης των πωλήσεων είτε μέσω μείωσης του κόστους παραγωγής ή παροχής υπηρεσιών.
Ολοένα και περισσότερο γίνεται αποδεκτό το γεγονός ότι η υψηλή ποιότητα του προϊόντος και των υπηρεσιών και η σύνδεσή τους με την ικανοποίηση του πελάτη, είναι το κλειδί για την επιβίωση οποιασδήποτε επιχείρησης.
Επομένως, κρίνεται επιτακτική ανάγκη η μελέτη και έρευνα γύρω από την σχέση της ποιότητας και των επιχειρήσεων και ειδικά σε περιόδους οικονομικής κρίσης και έντονων πιέσεων των καταναλωτών και της αγοράς.
Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να παρουσιάσει τη μεθοδολογία σχεδιασμού ενός συστήματος ποιοτικού ελέγχου με τη χρήση μεθόδων πολυκριτηριακής ανάλυσης και να γίνει σύγκριση αυτών των μεθόδων.The purpose of this thesis is to describe the methodology of a Quality Control System planning using methods of multictiteria analysis and to compare these methods.
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Gebremedhin, Samuel Kahsai. "Analysis and prediction of chemical treatment cost of potable water in the Upper and Middle Vaal water management areas." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/667.
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