Relevant bibliographies by topics / Quality and assumptions

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Quality and assumptions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Quality and assumptions"

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Smith, T. "Challenging assumptions about quality." Quality and Safety in Health Care 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2002): 197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/qhc.11.2.197.

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Scott-Wittenborn, Nicholas, and John S. Schneider. "Assumptions of Quality Medicine." JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery 143, no. 8 (August 1, 2017): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2017.0257.

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Herszényi, László, Gábor Lakatos, and Zsolt Tulassay. "Quality colonoscopy: assumptions and expectations." Orvosi Hetilap 151, no. 33 (August 1, 2010): 1331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2010.28930.

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A kolonoszkópia a vastagbél neoplasztikus elváltozásai szűrésének általánosan elfogadott módszere. A vizsgálatok száma igen jelentős mértékben növekedett az elmúlt években, elsősorban a CRC szűrésének növekvő aránya miatt. A vastagbéltükrözés hatékonysága és biztonságossága függ a vizsgálat minőségétől; mind több adat igazolja, hogy a vizsgálatok minősége a klinikai gyakorlatban igen eltérő lehet. Az endoszkópia minőségének mérése javíthatja a betegek ellátását. Bizonyítékon alapuló, mérhető mutatók szükségesek a vastagbéltükrözés minőségének javításához. Összefoglalónkban áttekintjük a vastagbéltükrözés gyakorlati szempontjait, a fontos minőségi mutatókat, ismertetjük a témához kapcsolódó újabb ajánlásokat.
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Mahamah, D. S. "Simplifying assumptions in water quality modeling." Ecological Modelling 109, no. 3 (June 1998): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3800(98)00063-5.

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Box, George E. P., and Alberto Lucefio. "QUALITY QUANDARIES∗ †Models, Assumptions, and Robustness." Quality Engineering 10, no. 3 (March 1998): 595–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08982119808919174.

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Fieggen, Bruce. "Assumptions improve project and product quality." Quality Assurance Journal 7, no. 2 (2003): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qaj.221.

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Gervais, Raoul. "On the quality of auxiliary assumptions." Theory & Psychology 26, no. 6 (December 2016): 810–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354316638764.

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In a recent contribution to this journal, David Trafimow and Joshua Uhalt (2015) argue against the tradeoff between predictive power and explanatory breadth. In their view, it is the quality of the auxiliary assumptions that allows one to make testable predictions; hence it is possible that theories of considerable explanatory breadth, when combined with the right quality auxiliary assumptions, lead to testable predictions. Unfortunately, they leave the notion “quality” unspecified. In this review, I consider three possible properties that might render auxiliary assumptions capable of yielding testable predictions, namely observability, detail, and precision. All three proposals are rejected. I end with an appeal to further reflect on the role of auxiliary assumptions in deriving testable predictions.
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Demirors, Onur. "Assumptions and difficulties of software quality movement." Computer Standards & Interfaces 21, no. 2 (June 1999): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5489(99)92230-4.

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Schmidtlein, Frank A. "Assumptions commonly underlying government quality assessment practices." Tertiary Education and Management 10, no. 4 (January 2004): 263–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13583883.2004.9967132.

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Schmidtlein, Frank A. "Assumptions Commonly Underlying Government Quality Assessment Practices." Tertiary Education and Management 10, no. 4 (December 2004): 263–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11233-004-6065-1.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Quality and assumptions"

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Wieseler, Christine Marie. "A Feminist Contestation of Ableist Assumptions: Implications for Biomedical Ethics, Disability Theory, and Phenomenology." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6433.

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This dissertation contributes to the development of philosophy of disability by drawing on disability studies, feminist philosophy, phenomenology, and philosophy of biology in order to contest epistemic and ontological assumptions about disability within biomedical ethics as well as within philosophical work on the body, demonstrating how philosophical inquiry is radically transformed when experiences of disability are taken seriously. In the first two chapters, I focus on epistemological and ontological concerns surrounding disability within biomedical ethics. Although disabled people and their advocates have been quite vocal regarding their views on disability and in critiquing bioethicists’ approaches to issues that affect them, the interests, knowledge, and experiences of disabled people have had minimal impact on discussions within biomedical ethics textbooks. The risks of making problematic assumptions about disability are high within this subfield insofar as bioethicists impact practices within medical facilities, public policy, and, through student engagement with their texts in biomedical ethics courses, the views of potential health care professionals. All of these, in turn, affect the care provided to disabled people and potential/actual parents of disabled children. Chapter three raises ontological issues related to disability theory, examining the role of the impairment/disability distinction in framing discussions of the body as well as the status of experience. I discuss two approaches to incorporating subjective experiences of the body in disability, arguing that neither is sufficient. I examine debates within feminist theory on questions related to experience. I argue that a feminist phenomenological approach that builds on Merleau-Ponty’s work offers the best way to address bodily experiences in disability theory. The assumptions that disability theorists and Merleau-Ponty make about disability are often at odds. Chapter four points out the ableism in Merleau-Ponty’s use of a case study and considers some of the oversights within Phenomenology of Perception. In spite of my critique, I argue that his approach to phenomenology—with appropriate modifications—is useful not only for theorizing the experiences of disabled people but also for addressing other types of marginalized embodiment. Chapter five applies this method to body integrity identity disorder (BIID), arguing that combining Merleau-Ponty’s insights with those of disability theory allows us to address lived experiences of BIID and to identify assumptions about disability within research on this condition.
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Eshraghian, Farjam. "Information quality frames : an information product perspective and a socio-cognitive approach to perceiving quality of information in organisations." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28747.

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There has been much advancement in the field of data and information quality (DIQ) since two decades ago. However, despite a large number of the theoretical and empirical studies in this field, there is a lack of understanding about the mechanisms and dynamics of forming, adjusting and changing organisational users’ (information consumers) assumptions and expectations based on which they perceive the quality of information required for making decision in order to perform a task within an organisational environment. Although it is already known that information consumers perceive the quality of information according to the requirements of the organisational task and the context of use, how the task requirements affect information consumers’ expectations of information quality has been a black-box in the body of literature. The main objective of this research is to contribute to the literature of DIQ by exploring the role of the setting of a task within an organisational context in the formation, development and change of information consumers’ underlying expectations of information quality. Information consumers’ assumptions and expectations are called information quality (IQ) frames by this research. Moreover, this research examines the role of IT artefacts, which are used to support performing the task, in these dynamics. As an organisational task is usually performed by a group, the role of the task group of which information consumers are members is investigated by this research. Having adopted a multi-case study design, this thesis has targeted seven different task groups in seven different organisations from multiple industries. This in-depth qualitative research also employs interviews as the main source of data and documents as the secondary source of data. The collected data and empirical evidence is analysed using the thematic analysis and pattern coding. This study’s theoretical contributions to the body of literature are as follows. Firstly, the findings indicate that information consumers should not be simply categorised into domain-specific experts or novices for understanding the mechanisms that affect their IQ frames. Regarding the domain of the task, an information consumer might have domain-related experience that differentiates him from both an expert and a novice. Moreover, this study found that the organisational-specific experience plays a significant role in these dynamics. Secondly, four different settings of a task within an organisational context have been recognised and the insights have been provided into the likely impact of each setting on IQ frames. The findings show that the setting of a task that affects IQ frames is enforced by the interplay between the degree of situatedness of the task and the degree of its explicitness. Thirdly, this research contends that the role of other members of a task group contributes directly to the setting of a task rather than directly influencing their colleague’s IQ frames. Fourthly, this thesis confirms that the organisational resource limitations and the time pressure, which were already mentioned in the literature, affect how information consumers perceive the quality of information but the empirical evidence reveals that other types of pressure such as the pressure of a competitive market has a similar role, therefore, it is argued that in general the organisational pressure impacts the way information consumers perceive information quality. However, this thesis argues that this influence is mediated by the setting of a task. In other words, the organisational pressure can increase the degree of situatedness of a task within an organisational context. Finally, the findings of this study indicate that information consumers’ interpretation of how an IT artefact enables a task within an organisational context is the key mechanism through which the IT artefact can participate in forming, adjusting or changing their IQ frames. The interpreted type of an IT artefact, its interpreted capabilities, the organisational intervention and the IT support by IT technicians of an organisations are the main four factors that govern the influence of the IT artefact on information consumers’ IQ frames. In addition, the computing environment in which the IT artefact operates in, information consumers’ level of IT knowledge and prior experience of using the IT artefact can be involved indirectly in these dynamics. The theoretical contributions of this research have led to the development of a framework for IQ frames and the underlying dynamics have been explained in detail. In addition to the theoretical contributions, this study has a number of practical implications for organisations and management regarding the importance of the organisational settings in how information quality is judged by organisational users (information consumers).
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Trávníčková, Lenka. "Hodnocení výkonnosti vybraného podniku podle modelu Start Plus a návrhy na zlepšení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443008.

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As per its theme, this thesis deals with company performance assessment of the selected company according to the multicriterial model START PLUS. The work consists of three main parts: theoretical, analytical and design. The output of performed analyzes via point evaluation is to identify strengths and weaknesses of the company, on basis of what proposals for changes leading to an overall improvement of the company's performance will be presented.
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Hamerník, Petr. "Hodnocení výkonnosti vybraného podniku podle modelu Start Plus a návrhy na zlepšení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402010.

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This diploma thesis focuses on the evaluation of the performance of the selected company with the help of a multi-criteria model START PLUS. The whole thesis is divided into four fundamental parts that are intertwined. The first part deals with the objectives set and the chosen methodology of this thesis. The theoretical block explains the basic concepts and conventional and unconventional approaches to performance measurement. In the analytical part, the company is characterized, and a complex analysis is carried out based on the chosen model, which results in the identification of strengths and opportunities for improvement, as well as in the point assessment in the studied areas. Based on these findings, real measures are created in the design part, which should contribute to the increase the performance of the company.
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Coutinho, Maria da Graça de Tavares e. Távora Pereira. "Analysing data from pension schemes : data quality and relevance for actuarial valuations." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19018.

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Mestrado em Actuarial Science
Os dados são o objeto de uma análise atuarial. O primeiro passo de uma avaliação é a revisão dos dados, juntamente com a definição dos pressupostos necessários e tendo conhecimento da teoria atuarial - estas componentes juntas permitirão ao atuário realizar os cálculos necessários e interpretar os resultados obtidos. Tendo isto em consideração, a qualidade dos dados sobressaiu como um elemento fundamental, tendo sido o tema escolhido para este trabalho. Depois de um estágio no escritório de Lisboa da Willis Towers Watson, percebi que os dados são um campo bastante importante, tendo sido algo com que lidei diariamente. Neste trabalho, darei um conhecimento inicial sobre fundos de pensões, especialmente fundos de pensões do Reino Unido, uma vez que foram o meu foco durante o estágio. Apresentarei ainda um caso de estudo sobre dificuldades nos dados e o seu impacto numa avaliação, de forma a fornecer uma ilustração com números reais e o impacto que pequenos problemas podem causar. Para este estudo, um cliente de treino foi usado e os problemas apresentados foram baseados na minha experiência no trabalho diário ? todas as incoerências apresentadas no Capítulo 5 foram encontradas (e corrigidas) em clientes reais nos quais trabalhei durante o estágio.
Data is the object of an actuarial analysis. Reviewing the data is the first step of a valuation, along with setting up assumptions and having the knowledge about the actuarial theory - these components together will enable the actuary to perform the necessary calculations and interpret its results. Having this in mind, data quality is something worthy to give a thought about and that's what this work will be for. After an internship at Willis Towers Watson Lisbon office, I realised data was a subject of high importance and the one I dealt with on a daily basis. Here, I will give some background knowledge about pension schemes, mainly United Kingdom pension schemes as they were my main focus. A case study about data issues and their impact on a valuation will be presented to give the reader real numbers and the real impact some minor data issues can have. For this study, a training client was used and the problems described were based on my work-experience - all inaccuracies present in Chapter 5 were found (and corrected) in real clients during my internship.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Ovadia, Evan D. G. "Measuring the Counter/Assumption Model's Effect on Argumentation Quality." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1148.

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This thesis presents a new platform called See the Reason, built upon a tree- structured argumentation model called the Counter/Assumption model. In the Counter/Assumption model, a topic is posted first, then under that topic, reasons for and against, and for each reason, counterarguments, and for any counterargu- ment, more counterarguments. The model enables us to systematically determine whether a claim is “tentatively true” or “tentatively false,” in an effort to motivate people to make their side’s claims tentatively true and the opposing side’s claims tentatively false, thus encouraging conflict. Research suggests that debates with more conflict are better, so this thesis investigates whether Counter/Assumption model encourages better debates. In this thesis, we have students debate on See the Reason and the closest existing platform, CreateDebate. We measure the number of uncaught bad ar- guments, the user satisfaction, and how far into the Interaction Analysis Model the debates progress. We find promising evidence that See the Reason progresses further into the IAM and encourages more logical debates, but sacrifices usability at the same time.
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Castellanos, Alfredo Gomez. "Análise estratégica do setor saúde no México: sistema de saúde nacional e local." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-17112006-000230/.

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Introdução: A presente tese, a partir de uma análise estratégica, articula as dimensões da teoria organizacional no campo da administração pública, o objeto de estudo-trabalho processo saúde-doença, a prática profissional integral e o planejamento estratégico situacional, por meio da Estratégia de Atenção Primária à Saúde. O propósito é o de, a partir da articulação das dimensões referidas, compreender e situar os Programas de Saúde do México a nível nacional e do Distrito Federal, a nível local, e estabelecer sob que pressuposto, de bem-estar ou qualidade, se encontram elaborados. Revisão da literatura: Entre outros aspectos revisados, destaca-se a importância da dimensão da teoria organizacional (normativa, sistêmica e cultural-crítica) como categorias fundamentais para compreender a relação entre as unidades primárias de análise de cada teoria e as categorias de indivíduo-grupo, organização e sociedade. Apresenta-se como uma segunda dimensão, a inter-relação entre a teoria e a prática profissional integral do processo saúde-doença, assim como suas conexões com a teoria da organização. Descrevem-se, como terceira dimensão, os aspectos teóricos do planejamento estratégico situacional e sua relação com a Estratégia de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Desenvolvem-se os pressupostos de bem-estar e qualidade, sob os princípios sociais, econômicos e políticos em que se encontram os Programas. Objetivo: Estabelecer através da análise estratégica, em suas diferentes dimensões, o tipo de teoria organizacional, os elementos teórico-metodológicos do planejamento estratégico sob as premissas da Estratégia da Atenção Primária à Saúde e a inter-relação com o objeto de estudo-trabalho e a prática profissional, que permita determinar o tipo de pressuposto de bem-estar ou qualidade que sustenta aos Programas nacional e local estudados. Metodologia: O estudo foi realizado em base ao método qualitativo de estudo de caso, para compreender o processo da análise estratégica, a partir da interdependência dialógica dos marcos geral, particular e singular dos Programas nacional e local. A pesquisa se enfocou nas informações imersas nos Programas de Saúde, a través de uma revisão dialógica dos documentos oficiais e em entrevistas semidirigidas, realizadas com planejadores das respectivas Secretarias de Saúde. Assim, foram descritas as unidades primárias de análise do campo da administração pública que permite diferenciar a forma de estabelecer a teoria da organização prevalente nos Programas. Ao mesmo tempo, se definiram 9 cenários matriciais e 72 subcenários lineares, para compreender a relação do processo saúde-doença e a prática profissional, como elementos chaves que tem uma correspondência com o objeto de estudo-trabalho e sua resposta científico-técnico-social de acordo com a teoria da organização, com o planejamento estratégico situacional ou empresarial, e os pressupostos de qualidade e bem-estar utilizado pelos dois Programas. Resultados: O Programa Nacional tende a uma teoria organizacional de tipo sistêmica, sob o pressuposto teórico de qualidade, sendo que seu objeto de estudo se enfoca para a doença e/ou a saúde, em forma isolada. Em decorrência, a prática profissional está baseada no modelo biomédico tradicional economicista, formal e científico, fundamentado em um planejamento estratégico empresarial; dimensões que corroboram o pressuposto teórico de qualidade. O Programa do Distrito Federal se situa em uma teoria organizacional de tipo sistêmica com tendência à teoria cultural-crítica, sendo seu objeto de estudo o processo saúde-doença e a prática profissional se constitui por ações integradas, em um modelo de atenção ampliada de saúde, ainda que separe o campo da atenção pessoal da coletiva. Neste sentido, o planejamento estratégico é de tipo empresarial, com alguns conteúdos sociais que incide para o pressuposto teórico do bem-estar. Discussão e Considerações gerais: O processo de análise estratégica permitiu compreender que em seu contexto teórico-metodológico o Programa nacional é prescritivo, disjuntor e normatizador, e o Programa local é prescritivo, articulador e social. Existe neste último, a possibilidade de construir a articulação das diferentes dimensões desenvolvidas neste trabalho. A rede estaria constituída pela conjunção da teoria organizacional cultural - critica, pelo objeto de estudo processo saúde-doença e por uma prática profissional social, desenvolvidas por meio do planejamento estratégico situacional, sob os elementos constitutivos da Estratégia de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Este processo pode incidir em uma futura sociedade do bem-estar, na que a emancipação seja o elemento chave para uma cultura da saúde. Considera-se que, de não desenvolver-se a articulação de diferentes dimensões da análise estratégica, com uma base teórica de sustentação, se seguirá produzindo programas de saúde com características predominantemente regulatórias, fragmentadas e reducionistas.
Introduction: This thesis, based on a strategic analysis, articulates the dimensions of organizational theories in the field of public administration, the subject matter of health-sickness process study-work, full professional practice and situational strategic planning, by means of the Strategy of Primary Attention to Health. The purpose is to comprehend and place the Health Programs of Mexico at the national level and of the Federal District at the regional level, with a basis on the articulation of the aforesaid dimensions, and to establish under which assumption, of wellbeing or quality, they are prepared. Review of literature: In addition to other reviewed aspects, emphasis is placed on the importance of the dimension of organizational theories (normative, systemic and cultural-critical) as essential category for understanding the relation between the primary units of analysis of each theory and the categories of individual-group, organization and society. A second dimension to appear is the interrelation between theory and full professional practice of the health-sickness process, as well as its connections with the theory of organization. The theoretical aspects of situational strategic planning and its relation with the Strategy of Primary Attention to Health are described as a third dimension. The assumptions of wellbeing and quality are developed under the social, economic and political principles in which the Programs can be found. Goal: To establish, by means of strategic analysis, in its different dimensions, the type of organizational theory, the theoretical-methodological elements of strategic planning under the assumptions of the Strategy of Primary Attention to Health and the interrelation with the study-work subject and professional practice, which permits the determination of the type of assumption of wellbeing or quality that sustains the national and regional Programs studied. Methodology: The study was carried out with a basis on the qualitative case study method, to understand the strategic analysis process from the dialogic interdependence of the general, particular and singular milestones of the national and regional Programs. The survey focused on information included in Health Programs, through a dialogic review of official documents and in semi-targeted interviews, held with planners from the respective Departments of Health. Hence a description was made of the primary units of analysis of the field of public administration that permits the differentiation of the manner of establishing the theory of organization that is prevalent in the Programs. At the same time, 9 matricial scenarios and 72 linear sub-scenarios were defined to understand the relation of the health-sickness process and professional practice, as key elements that establish a correspondence with the study-work subject matter and its scientific-technical-social response is in conformity with the theory of organization, with situational or corporate strategic planning, and the assumptions of quality and wellbeing utilized by the two Programs. Results: The National Program is conducive to an organizational theory of the systemic type, under the theoretical assumption of quality, where its study subject is focused on sickness and/or health, in an isolated manner. Consequently, professional practice is based on the economicist, formal and scientific traditional biomedical model, founded on corporate strategic planning; dimensions that corroborate the theoretical assumption of quality. The Program of the Federal District is situated in an organizational theory of the systemic type, which is conducive to the cultural-critical theory. Its study subject is the health-sickness process and professional practice comprises of integrated actions, in a model of expanded attention to health, even though it separates the field of personal attention from the collective field. To this effect, strategic planning is of the corporate type, with some social contents that comes within the scope of the theoretical assumption of wellbeing. Discussion and General Considerations: The strategic analysis process made it possible to understand that in its theoretical-methodological context the national Program is prescriptive, disjunctive and regulatory, and the local Program is prescriptive, articulating and social. The latter features the possibility of building the articulation of the different dimensions developed in this study. The network is apparently formed by the conjunction of the cultural-critical organizational theory, the health-sickness process study subject and a social professional practice, developed by means of situational strategic planning, under the constitutive elements of the Strategy of Primary Attention to Health. This process can lead to a future society of welfare, in which emancipation is the key element for a culture of health. It is considered that, due to the non-development of the articulation of different dimensions of strategic analysis, with a theoretical foundation, the tendency will be to continue producing health programs with predominantly regulatory, fragmented and reductionist characteristics.
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Marques, Pedro. "Impact of Black-Scholes assumptions on Delta Hedging." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/16850.

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In this work we are going to evaluate the different assumptions used in the Black- Scholes-Merton pricing model, namely log-normality of returns, continuous interest rates, inexistence of dividends and transaction costs, and the consequences of using them to hedge different options in real markets, where they often fail to verify. We are going to conduct a series of tests in simulated underlying price series, where alternatively each assumption will be violated and every option delta hedging profit and loss analysed. Ultimately we will monitor how the aggressiveness of an option payoff causes its hedging to be more vulnerable to profit and loss variations, caused by the referred assumptions.
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Schwartz, Stefan. "Quality Assurance of Exposure Models for Environmental Risk Assessment of Substances." Doctoral thesis, 2000. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-2000090413.

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Environmental risk assessment of chemical substances in the European Union is based on a harmonised scheme. The required models and parameters are laid down in the Technical Guidance Document (TGD) and are implemented in the EUSES software. An evaluation study of the TGD exposure models was carried out. In particular, the models for estimating chemical intake by humans were investigated. The objective of this study was two-fold: firstly, to develop an evaluation methodology, since no appropriate approach is available in the scientific literature. Secondly, to elaborate applicability and limitations of the models and to provide proposals for their improvement. The principles of model evaluation in terms of quality assurance, model validation and software evaluation were elaborated and a suitable evaluation protocol for chemical risk assessment models was developed. Quality assurance of a model includes internal (e.g. an investigation of the underlying theory) and external (e.g. a comparison of the results with experimental data) validation, and addresses the evaluation of the respective software. It should focus not only on the predictive capability of a model, but also on the strength of the theoretical underpinnings, evidence supporting the model?s conceptualisation, the database and the software. The external validation was performed using a set of reference substances with different physico-chemical properties and use patterns. Additionally, sensitivity and uncertainty analyses were carried out, and alternative models were discussed. Recommendations for improvements and maintenance of the risk assessment methodology were presented. To perform the software evaluation quality criteria for risk assessment software were developed. From a theoretical point of view, it was shown that the models strongly depend on the lipophilicity of the substance, that the underlying assumptions drastically limit the applicability, and that realistic concentrations may seldom be expected. If the models are applied without adjustment, high uncertainties must inevitably be expected. However, many cases were found in which the models deliver highly valuable results. The overall system was classified as a good compromise between complexity and practicability. But several chemicals and classes of chemicals, respectively, with several restrictions were revealed: The investigated models used to assess indirect exposure to humans are in parts currently not applicable for dissociating compounds, very polar compounds, very lipophilic compounds, ions, some surfactants, and compounds in which metabolites provide the problems and mixtures. In a strict sense, the method is only applicable for persistent, non-dissociating chemicals of intermediate lipophilicity. Further limitations may exist. Regarding the software, it was found that EUSES basically fulfils the postulated criteria but is highly complex and non-transparent. To overcome the inadequacies a more modular design is proposed.
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El-Khatib, Mayar. "Highway Development Decision-Making Under Uncertainty: Analysis, Critique and Advancement." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5741.

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While decision-making under uncertainty is a major universal problem, its implications in the field of transportation systems are especially enormous; where the benefits of right decisions are tremendous, the consequences of wrong ones are potentially disastrous. In the realm of highway systems, decisions related to the highway configuration (number of lanes, right of way, etc.) need to incorporate both the traffic demand and land price uncertainties. In the literature, these uncertainties have generally been modeled using the Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) process, which has been used extensively in modeling many other real life phenomena. But few scholars, including those who used the GBM in highway configuration decisions, have offered any rigorous justification for the use of this model. This thesis attempts to offer a detailed analysis of various aspects of transportation systems in relation to decision-making. It reveals some general insights as well as a new concept that extends the notion of opportunity cost to situations where wrong decisions could be made. Claiming deficiency of the GBM model, it also introduces a new formulation that utilizes a large and flexible parametric family of jump models (i.e., Lévy processes). To validate this claim, data related to traffic demand and land prices were collected and analyzed to reveal that their distributions, heavy-tailed and asymmetric, do not match well with the GBM model. As a remedy, this research used the Merton, Kou, and negative inverse Gaussian Lévy processes as possible alternatives. Though the results show indifference in relation to final decisions among the models, mathematically, they improve the precision of uncertainty models and the decision-making process. This furthers the quest for optimality in highway projects and beyond.
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Books on the topic "Quality and assumptions"

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Brandes, William F. A feasibility study of assumption of the federal Section 404 program by the state of Tennessee. Knoxville: University of Tennessee, 1985.

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Virginia. Department of Environmental Quality. Study of the costs and benefits of state assumption of the federal [section] 404 Clean Water Act permitting program: A report to the honorable Robert F. McDonnell, Governor and the General Assembly of Virginia. Richmond: Commonwealth of Virginia, 2013.

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Waters, Minnesota Division of. State of Minnesota federal Section 404 assumption feasibility study as pursuant to United States Environmental Protection Agency agreement, U.S. EPA grant number x-814966-01-0, federal catalog number 66-505. [St. Paul, Minn.]: Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources, Division of Waters, 1989.

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Samset, Knut, and Gro Holst Volden. Quality Assurance in Megaproject Management. Edited by Bent Flyvbjerg. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732242.013.17.

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This chapter discusses the Norwegian governance regime for public megaprojects and the lessons learned. Governance regimes for major public investment projects comprise the processes and systems which the financing party must implement to ensure a successful investment. Such regimes typically include a regulatory framework, compliance with agreed objectives, and sound management and resolution of issues that may arise. The challenges in securing quality at entry include identification of a conceptual solution that is economically viable and relevant with respect to the needs and often conflicting priorities in society, avoiding underestimating costs, overestimating utility and making unrealistic and inconsistent assumptions, and securing essential planning data and adequate contract regimes. The Norwegian regime involves external quality assurance of key decision documents, and has given the government greater control over the total cost of its investment project portfolio. It also ensures that decisions regarding the choice of conceptual solution are based on a broad assessment of overall needs and goals, as well as alternative ways of achieving these goals.
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United States. Bureau of Reclamation. Mid-Pacific Regional Office., CH2M Hill inc, and Jones & Stokes Associates., eds. Technical appendix B for the water contracting EISs: Assumptions and criteria utilized in the operations, power, temperature, and water quality models. [Sacramento? Calif.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Mid-Pacific Region, 1988.

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Lindsay, Keisha. In a Classroom of Their Own. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041730.001.0001.

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Many supporters of all-black male schools (ABMS) argue that they reduce black boys’ exposure to racist, “overly” feminized teachers. In casting black boys as victims of intersecting racial and gendered oppression, these supporters -- many of whom are black males -- demand an end to racism in the classroom and do so on the sexist assumption that women teachers are emasculating. This rationale for ABMS raises two questions that feminist theory has lost sight of. Why do oppressed groups articulate their experience in ways that challenge and reproduce inequality? Is it possible to build emancipatory political coalitions among groups who make such claims? This book answers these questions by articulating a new politics of experience. It begins by demonstrating that intersectionality is a politically fluid rather than an always feminist analytical framework. It also reveals a dialectical reality in which groups’ experiential claims rest on harmful assumptions and foster emancipatory demands. This book concludes that black male supporters of single-gender schools for black boys can build worthwhile coalitions around this complex reality when they interrogate their own as well as their critics’ assumptions and demands. Doing so enables these supporters to engage in educational advocacy that recognizes the value of public schools while criticizing the quality of such schools available to black boys and black girls.
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Duffy, Brooke Erin. Off the Page. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037962.003.0007.

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This chapter examines the explicit conventions and implicit assumptions of magazine producers about medium-specific content. It first considers the complexities of media convergence before discussing the tension between medium-specific cultures and the rhetoric of cross-platform branding in women's magazines, leading to theoretical and conceptual questions about medium identity. It then describes how producers' working patterns and assumptions vary across different media (web, magazine, and iPad) in three significant ways: the importance of the editorial voice, quality standards for editorial content, and expectations about the extent of advertiser influence on content. It also highlights the distinctions between print and online; tablet devices, for example, are being positioned as a tool that can elide medium-specific challenges while also serving as a test bed for advertising/editorial relations within digital environments. The chapter suggests that magazine content does not appear to easily flow off the printed page, but goes through many crosscurrents.
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Hemmelgarn, Anthony L., and Charles Glisson. Case Examples Illustrating the Importance of Social Contexts in Human Service Organizations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190455286.003.0002.

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This chapter provides case examples from the authors’ work within human service organizations that illustrate the importance of addressing OSCs: including culture, climate, and worker attitudes. These examples of the influence of OSC provide the reader with an understanding of how social contexts affect human services quality and outcomes along with implications for improving them. The chapter explains the sensitivity of human service effectiveness to OSC and describes the social processes that explain its influence. Case examples are used to illustrate the influence of shared mindsets and worker attitudes within OSCs. These examples include the influence of shared beliefs, assumptions, and attitudes of service providers on client and staff relationships that affect services quality.
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Bennett, D. Scott. Teaching the Scientific Study of International Processes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.314.

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The Scientific Study of International Processes (SSIP) is an approach aimed at teaching of international politics scientifically. Teaching scientifically means teaching students how to use evidence to support or disprove some particular logical argument or hypothesis that reaches some level of generalization about relationships between concepts. Closely related to simply asking what evidence there is, is teaching students to address the breadth, depth, and quality of that evidence. The scientific approach may also draw attention to the logic of arguments and policies. Are policies, positions, and the arguments behind them logical? Or is some policy or position based on assumptions that are not logically related, or only true if certain auxiliary assumptions hold true? Teaching methods for SSIP include comparative case studies, experiments and surveys, data sets, and game theory and simulation. Instructors also face several challenges when seeking to teach scientifically, and in particular when they try to make time to teach methodology as part of an international politics course. Some problems are relatively easily overcome just by focusing on effective teaching. Other are unique to SSIP and cannot be dealt with quite so easily. Among these are the need to appeal to a broad audience, and dealing with students' negative reactions to the term “science” and the constraint of finite time in a course.
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Luke, Douglas A., Alexandra B. Morshed, Virginia R. McKay, and Todd B. Combs. Systems Science Methods in Dissemination and Implementation Research. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190683214.003.0010.

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As we have seen, numerous analysis and modeling tools that take into account the natural complexity of systems and dissemination and implementation processes are available, and the use of them is increasing over time. This chapter summarizes the characteristics, potential insights, and limitations of each modeling approach. It is important to note that modeling from a systems perspective, like all modeling approaches, requires assumptions about variables to include (or exclude), and hypothesized relationships dictate the quality of the model and the utility of the results. As such, using theory and empirical data to inform model design is paramount. Systems thinking and methods remain underutilized in dissemination and implementation despite demonstrations of the utility of incorporating systems thinking and methods into dissemination and implementation studies.
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Book chapters on the topic "Quality and assumptions"

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Zink, Klaus J. "Implicit assumptions - or what remains to be considered." In Total Quality Management as a Holistic Management Concept, 219. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72098-7_8.

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Klaput, Pavel, David Vykydal, and Jiří Plura. "EFFECT OF NON-FULFILLMENT OF ASSUMPTIONS ON GAGE REPEATABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY STUDY EVALUATION." In Quality Production Improvement - QPI, edited by Robert Ulewicz, 472–78. Warsaw, Poland: Sciendo, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/9783110680591-064.

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Hamon, A., J. F. Dupuy, and M. Mesbah. "Validation of Model Assumptions in Quality of Life Measurements." In Goodness-of-Fit Tests and Model Validity, 371–83. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0103-8_28.

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Loughran, John. "Quality in Teacher Education: Challenging Assumptions, Building Understanding Through Foundation Principles." In Quality of Teacher Education and Learning, 69–84. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3549-4_5.

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Altinyelken, Hülya Kosar, and Semiha Sözeri. "Assumptions and Implications of Adopting Educational Ideas from the West." In International Handbook of Teacher Quality and Policy, 255–70. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315710068-17.

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Laurent, Edward J., C. Ashton Drew, and Wayne E. Thogmartin. "The Role of Assumptions in Predictions of Habitat Availability and Quality." In Predictive Species and Habitat Modeling in Landscape Ecology, 71–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7390-0_5.

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Katz, Martin M. "False Assumptions: The Multidimensional Quality and its Relationships to Functioning of the Central Nervous System." In SpringerBriefs in Psychology, 39–52. Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00389-4_6.

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DiRita, Peter. "Economic Rationality Assumption." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 1803–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_822.

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Schweig, Jonathan D., and José Felipe Martínez. "Understanding (Dis)Agreement in Student Ratings of Teaching and the Quality of the Learning Environment." In Student Feedback on Teaching in Schools, 91–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75150-0_6.

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AbstractStudent surveys are increasingly being used to collect information about important aspects of learning environments. Research shows that aggregate indicators from these surveys (e.g., school or classroom averages) are reliable and correlate with important climate indicators and with student outcomes. However, we know less about whether within-classroom or within-school variation in student survey responses may contain additional information about the learning environment beyond that conveyed by average indicators. This question is important in light of mounting evidence that the educational experiences of different students and student groups can vary, even within the same school or classroom, in terms of opportunities for participation, teacher expectations, or the quantity and quality of teacher–student interactions, among others. In this chapter, we offer an overview of literature from different fields examining consensus for constructing average indicators, and consider it alongside the key assumptions and consequences of measurement models and analytic methods commonly used to summarize student survey reports of instruction and learning environments. We also consider recent empirical evidence that variation in student survey responses within classrooms can reflect systematically different experiences related to features of the school or classroom, instructional practices, student background, or a combination of these, and that these differences can predict variation in important academic and social-emotional outcomes. In the final section, we discuss the implications for evaluation, policy, equity, and instructional improvement.
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Kleinfeller, Nikolai, Christopher M. Gehb, Maximilian Schaeffner, Christian Adams, and Tobias Melz. "Assessment of Model Uncertainty in the Prediction of the Vibroacoustic Behavior of a Rectangular Plate by Means of Bayesian Inference." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 264–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77256-7_21.

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AbstractDesigning the vibroacoustic properties of thin-walled structures is of particularly high practical relevance in the design of vehicle structures. The vibroacoustic properties of thin-walled structures, e.g., vehicle bodies, are usually designed using finite element models. Additional development effort, e.g., experimental tests, arises if the quality of the model predictions are limited due to inherent model uncertainty. Model uncertainty of finite element models usually occurs in the modeling process due to simplifications of the geometry or boundary conditions. The latter highly affect the vibroacoustic properties of a thin-walled structure. The stiffness of the boundary condition is often assumed to be infinite or zero in the finite element model, which can lead to a discrepancy between the measured and the calculated vibroacoustic behavior. This paper compares two different boundary condition assumptions for the finite element (FE) model of a simply supported rectangular plate in their capability to predict the vibroacoustic behavior. The two different boundary conditions are of increasing complexity in assuming the stiffness. In a first step, a probabilistic model parameter calibration via Bayesian inference for the boundary conditions related parameters for the two FE models is performed. For this purpose, a test stand for simply supported rectangular plates is set up and the experimental data is obtained by measuring the vibrations of the test specimen by means of scanning laser Doppler vibrometry. In a second step, the model uncertainty of the two finite element models is identified. For this purpose, the prediction error of the vibroacoustic behavior is calculated. The prediction error describes the discrepancy between the experimental and the numerical data. Based on the distribution of the prediction error, which is determined from the results of the probabilistic model calibration, the model uncertainty is assessed and the model, which most adequately predicts the vibroacoustic behavior, is identified.
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Conference papers on the topic "Quality and assumptions"

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Elberzhager, Frank, and Thomas Bauer. "Optimizing Quality Assurance Strategies through an Integrated Quality Assurance Approach -- Guiding Quality Assurance with Assumptions and Selection Rules." In 2014 40th EUROMICRO Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/seaa.2014.12.

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Eskildsen, Jacob K., and Kai Kristensen. "The accuracy of the Net Promoter Score under different distributional assumptions." In 2011 International Conference on Quality, Reliability, Risk, Maintenance, and Safety Engineering (ICQR2MSE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icqr2mse.2011.5976764.

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Hyder, Syed Irfan. "RADICAL REVISION OF QUALITY ASSUMPTIONS OF CONVENTIONAL EDUCATIONAL STRUCTURES UNDER LOCKDOWN PRESSURES." In 13th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2020.1517.

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Amara, Mustapha, Afef Feld, and Stefan Valentin. "Channel quality prediction in LTE: How far can we look ahead under realistic assumptions?" In 2017 IEEE 28th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2017.8292520.

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"Bayesian uncertainty analyses of Great Barrier Reef catchment water quality model parameters without likelihood assumptions." In 23rd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2019). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2019.g1.baheerathan.

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Bering, T. P. K., and S. C. Veldhuis. "A Quality Framework to check the applicability of engineering and statistical assumptions for automated gauges." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coase.2010.5584605.

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Elberzhager, Frank, and Thomas Bauer. "From Assumptions to Context-Specific Knowledge in the Area of Combined Static and Dynamic Quality Assurance." In 2012 38th EUROMICRO Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/seaa.2012.29.

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Van Landuyt, Dimitri, and Wouter Joosen. "On the Role of Early Architectural Assumptions in Quality Attribute Scenarios: A Qualitative and Quantitative Study." In 2015 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on the Twin Peaks of Requirements and Architecture (TwinPeaks). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twinpeaks.2015.10.

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Berardi, Rita Cristina Galarraga, and Duncan Dubugras Alcoba Ruiz. "Fuzzy-Provenance Architecture for Effort Metric Data Quality Assessment." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Qualidade de Software. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbqs.2009.15500.

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Software companies rely on stored metric data in order to track and manage their projects, through analyzing, monitoring and estimating software metrics. If managers cannot believe the metrics data, the product that is being developed is fated to fail. Currently, the assessment of software effort is subjective and derived mainly through managers’ assumptions, which is fundamentally an error-prone process. We present an architecture for assessing data quality of software effort metric based on data provenance associated with a mechanism of logical inference (fuzzy logic). The contribution is to provide an assessment to search evident reasons for a low quality in order to ensure that the metrics can be used with sufficient reliability.
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Kutzer, Michael D., Levi D. DeVries, and Cooper D. Blas. "Part Monitoring and Quality Assessment of Conformal Additive Manufacturing Using Image Reconstruction." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85370.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have become almost universal in concept development, prototyping, and education. Advances in materials and methods continue to extend this technology to small batch and complex part manufacturing for the public and private sectors. Despite the growing popularity of digital cameras in AM systems, use of image data for part monitoring is largely unexplored. This paper presents a new method for estimating the 3D internal structure of fused deposition modeling (FDM) processes using image data from a single digital camera. Relative transformations are established using motion capture, and the 3D model is created using knowledge of the deposition path coupled with assumptions about the deposition cross-section. Results show that part geometry can be estimated and visualized using the methods presented in this work.
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Reports on the topic "Quality and assumptions"

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Cai, Yongxia, Christopher M. Wade, Justin S. Baker, Jason P. H. Jones, Gregory S. Latta, Sara B. Ohrel, Shaun A. Ragnauth, and Jared R. Creason. Implications of alternative land conversion cost specifications on projected afforestation potential in the United States. RTI Press, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0057.1811.

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The Forestry and Agriculture Sector Optimization Model with Greenhouse Gases (FASOMGHG) has historically relied on regional average costs of land conversion to simulate land use change across cropland, pasture, rangeland, and forestry. This assumption limits the accuracy of the land conversion estimates by not recognizing spatial heterogeneity in land quality and conversion costs. Using data from Nielsen et al. (2014), we obtained the afforestation cost per county, then estimated nonparametric regional marginal cost functions for land converting land to forestry. These afforestation costs were then incorporated into FASOMGHG. Three different assumptions for land moving into the forest sector were run; constant average conversion cost, static rising marginal costs and dynamic rising marginal cost, in order to assess the implications of alternative land conversion cost assumptions on key outcomes, such as projected forest area and cropland use, carbon sequestration, and forest product output.
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A client-centered approach to reproductive health: A trainer's manual. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh16.1015.

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This training manual grew out of a project to improve the quality of care rendered by public-sector providers of reproductive health services. Implemented by the Population Council in collaboration with the Ministries of Population, Welfare, and Health, in Pakistan, the project extended beyond improving the quality of care provided by family planning workers and incorporated health workers who provided maternal and child health services. The success of all efforts made by the service delivery system in attracting and keeping clients depends upon the content and quality of interaction when the client comes in contact with the provider—whether the client is visiting a clinic or being visited by a community-based worker at home. To offer good quality of care, the provider should treat the client with dignity and respect, assess her reproductive health needs by asking questions rather than making assumptions based on her profile, and help her negotiate a solution appropriate to her circumstances. This training manual is oriented toward improving providers’ interpersonal skills. Emphasis is placed on the client and helping her meet her own needs rather than on meeting artificial goals or targets.
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