Journal articles on the topic 'Qualité subjective et objective'
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Corten, Philippe. "Qualité subjective de la vie et réadaptation : émergence et évolution conceptuelle." Santé mentale au Québec 18, no. 2 (September 11, 2007): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032270ar.
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RÉSUMÉ La qualité subjective de la vie émerge ces dernières années comme un concept central dans les prises en charge thérapeutiques. Cependant la préoccupation de la réintégration des malades mentaux apparaît dès le début de la psychiatrie (1798). Différentes stratégies réadaptatives anglo-saxonnes, germaniques et latines ont été développées, en particulier depuis les années 1950. Une approche au départ objective, le concept de qualité de la vie évolue vers une approche contemporaine essentiellement subjective. L'auteur propose un modèle compréhensif des variables sous-tendant ce concept dans le cadre de la pratique clinique.
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Thielmann, Beatrice, Robin Sebastian Schierholz, and Irina Böckelmann. "Subjective and Objective Consequences of Stress in Subjects with Subjectively Different Sleep Quality—A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (September 23, 2021): 9990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18199990.
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Background: Restful sleep plays an important role in long-term health and occupational safety. Heart rate variability (HRV) is used as stress indicator. The aim of this study was to determine whether HRV at rest or during sleep, as an objective indicator of stress, reflects subjectively assessed sleep quality. Methods: 84 subjects (37.3 ± 15.6 years) were classified into good sleepers and poor sleepers based on the results of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The cut-off value to distinguish between good and bad sleepers recommended by Buysse et al. 1989 is >5. Mental health status was determined using the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). A 24 h electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded for HRV analysis (total and 6 h night phase). Results: The poor sleepers showed a significantly lower mental health status (p = 0.004). The multifactorial variance analysis of the total phase time parameters Min HR (p = 0.032, η2 = 0.056) and SI (p = 0.015, η2 = 0.072) showed significant interaction effects. In the 6h night phase, significant interaction effects were found for SDNN (p = 0.036, η2 = 0.065) and SD2 (p = 0.033, η2 = 0.067). In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between HRV and stress and a positive correlation between HRV and mental health. Conclusions: Although this study did not demonstrate a direct relationship between sleep quality and HRV, it was shown that there are important connections between sleep quality and mental health, and between HRV and mental health.
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Voyer, Philippe, and Richard Boyer. "Le bien-être psychologique et ses concepts cousins, une analyse conceptuelle comparative." Santé mentale au Québec 26, no. 1 (February 5, 2007): 274–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/014521ar.
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Résumé Le bien-être psychologique est depuis une décennie un concept beaucoup plus important dans le domaine de la santé. Depuis que les chercheurs accordent presque autant d'attention à la « qualité de vie » qu'à la « quantité de vie », ce concept est devenu populaire. L'attrait marqué a entraîné le développement de plusieurs échelles de mesure. Toutefois, moins de temps a été consacré au développement conceptuel du construit entraînant ainsi une confusion entre plusieurs termes qui semblent, a priori, similaires : le bien-être psychologique, le bien-être subjectif, la qualité de vie, le moral, la satisfaction dans la vie, le bonheur et la santé mentale. Ainsi, le but de cette revue (n : 57 articles) a été d'effectuer une analyse conceptuelle de type comparatif (Morse et al., 1996) du bien-être psychologique avec les concepts compétiteurs, selon une approche contemporaine d'analyse. Les résultats démontrent que ces concepts sont distincts et ne devraient pas être utilisés de façon interchangeable. Ils sont distincts à divers niveaux : type de mesure (objective/subjective), type d'évaluation (cognitive/affective), les attributs, les antécédents, les conséquents, et l'influence du temps (transitoire/stable). Les résultats de cette revue apportent un éclaircissement au niveau conceptuel pour plusieurs termes et, à l'aide d'une figure, les placent sur un échiquier favorisant par le fait même, une meilleure utilisation de ces derniers en recherche.
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LECLERCQ, M., S. ROCHE, M. FAUVERNIER, L. LETRILLIART, A. MARTIN, and J. MACABREY. "MON ALIMENTATION, ET ALORS ? CORRELATION ENTRE AUTO-EVALUATION DE L'ALIMENTATION ET SCORE D'ADHERENCE AU REGIME MEDITERRANEEN." EXERCER 33, no. 185 (September 1, 2022): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.56746/exercer.2022.185.299.
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Introduction. De nombreuses études évaluent le lien entre les comportements alimentaires et la santé, mais peu s’intéressent à l’auto-évaluation de l’alimentation. Elle est un des premiers facteurs modifiables en prévention des maladies chroniques. Néanmoins, la qualité de l’alimentation doit être connue pour être modifiée. Objectifs. Évaluer la corrélation entre l’auto-évaluation de l’alimentation et l’évaluation objective par le Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MeDAS) ; évaluer les facteurs qui influencent sur cette auto-évaluation. Méthodes. Étude transversale et observationnelle. Un questionnaire informatisé et sécurisé a été proposé aux volontaires de deux maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles. Les données sociodémographiques et anthropométriques, l’avis subjectif sur la qualité de l’alimentation et le MeDAS ont été renseignés. 250 volontaires ont été inclus et 237 questionnaires exploitables. Le seuil de 0,7 a été choisi pour estimer qu’une corrélation statistique inférieure ne permettait pas de conclure que le score subjectif reflétait le MeDAS. Résultats. L’analyse retrouvait un coefficient de corrélation à 0,38 (IC95 = 0,25-0,49). Les participants avec des facteurs protecteurs des maladies cardiométaboliques avaient un meilleur équilibre perçu. Ceux qui présentaient des facteurs de risque avaient un moins bon équilibre perçu que les participants ne présentant pas ces facteurs : activité physique modérée (OR = 3,03), intense (OR = 2,35), couple (OR = 2,15), obésité (OR = 0,23), > 5 cigarettes/j (OR = 0,44), grignotage (OR = 0,28). Conclusion. La corrélation entre l’auto-évaluation et le MeDAS étant faible, l’évaluation subjective ne pouvait pas se substituer au MeDAS. Les participants n’auto-évaluaient pas parfaitement leur alimentation, mais il existait une certaine corrélation. L’enjeu serait donc d’identifier les freins au changement d’alimentation des personnes le nécessitant qui, pourtant, ont conscience de leur mauvaise alimentation.
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Farahani, Mansoureh Ashghali, Samira Soleimanpour, Samantha J. Mayo, Jamie S. Myers, Prabdeep Panesar, and Farzaneh Ameri. "Revue systématique : Effet des exercices corps-esprit sur la fonction cognitive des survivants du cancer." Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal 32, no. 1 (February 5, 2022): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5737/236880763214960.
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Objectif : Plusieurs survivants du cancer souffrant de troubles cognitifs liés à la maladie se tournent vers des approches non pharmacologiques pour soulager leurs symptômes. La présente revue systématique avait pour objectif d’évaluer l’effet des « exercices corps-esprit » sur les fonctions cognitives des survivants du cancer. Devis de l’étude : Les bases de données PubMed, Embase, Scopus et Web of Science ont été interrogées afin de trouver des études pertinentes sur le sujet. L’échelle du Joanna Briggs Institute et l’échelle de Jadad ont servi à évaluer la qualité des études sélectionnées. Résultats : Onze études comptant 1 032 participants et publiées entre 2006 et 2019 ont été choisies pour la revue à partir de certains critères d’inclusion. Nos résultats indiquent que les activités comme le yoga, le tai-chi et le qi gong peuvent améliorer de manière objective et subjective la fonction cognitive des survivants du cancer. Conclusion : Les survivants du cancer qui présentent des symptômes cognitifs peuvent bénéficier d’exercices agissant sur le corps et l’esprit. Il faudra cependant mener des essais contrôlés randomisés ayant la puissance statistique nécessaire pour établir les effets à court et à long terme de ce type d’exercices sur les facultés cognitives.
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Mercier, Céline, Raymond Tempier, and Et Claude Renaud. "Services communautaires et qualité de la vie: une étude d'impact en région éloignée*." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 37, no. 8 (October 1992): 553–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379203700806.
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This longitudinal study with a matched comparison group was conducted in Abitibi, an area in North-West Quebec. Its goal was to observe the impact of community support services on the quality of life of long term psychiatric patients living in a remote area. A cohort of 47 subjects, living in a small town with a comprehensive network of community support services, was compared with a similar group living in a neighbouring city with only outpatient services. The satisfaction with life domains scale developed by Andrews and Withey and adapted by Baker and Intagliata was used at four times during the study. According to the results, the subjective perception of the quality of life in the two groups is comparable, even though the objective conditions are less favorable for the group participating in the community support program. The highest ratings were given to the place of residence, the neighborhood and its commodities; the lowest ratings were given to their love life and financial situation. One can observe a stability of the measures of quality of life over time and for the two groups. The perceptions of the sample living in a remote area are much more favorable than the ones of a comparable group living in the Montreal area. These results are discussed in a double perspective: the role of community support services in the daily life of people who are having severe and persistant problems of mental health, and the interest of measures of quality of life.
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Bochaver, K. A., L. M. Dovzhik, D. V. Bondarev, and S. I. Reznichenko. "Subjective Well-Being in Sports Coaches." Experimental Psychology (Russia) 15, no. 4 (2022): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2022150412.
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<p>The purpose of the study is to analyze the structure of the psychological determinants of subjective well-being and identify the most significant set of determinants that form the resources of the psychological well-being in sports coaches. This parameter is important due to objective conditions, which significantly increases stress and reduces the quality of life of subjects of professional sport. The participants were 200 professional sports coaches (89 women, 111 men), M<sub>age</sub>=39 years, M<sub>exprience</sub>=12 years. The psychological determinants were measured with the Brief Differential Perfectionism Inventory (Zolotareva et al, 2021), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem 1995), the Moscow Authenticity Scale (Nartova-Bochaver et al, 2021), the Self-Control Scale (Tangney et al. 2004), the Coach—Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (Jowett & Ntoumanis, 2004).Psychological well-being was measured with two inventories: the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (Tennant et al., 2007) and the PERMA-Profiler (Butler and Kern, 2015).The structure of psychological determinants was reduced to four factors by factor analysis and then the determinants from each factor were regressed on the well-being measures utilizing stepwise multiple regression modeling producing the most significant set of the well-being determinants. The results showed that the resources of psychological well-being in sports coaches can be determined by four groups of predictors. The first group: meaning and positive emotions; the second group: authenticity dedication, and experience; the third group: achievements, negative emotions, involvement, and age; and the fourth one: meaning, self-efficacy, and age.</p>
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Reohr, P., M. Dorenkamp, P. Vik, and M. Irrgang. "C-29 Sleep and Cognition Among Older Adults: Objective Performance versus Subjective Complaint." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, no. 6 (July 25, 2019): 1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz034.191.
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Abstract Objective Although poor sleep has been hypothesized to contribute to cognitive difficulties, a review by Scullin & Bliwise (2015) suggested that poor sleep has little impact on older adults’ cognition. Nevertheless, older adults express subjective concerns about both their sleep and cognition. The purpose of this study was to test associations between self-reported sleep, cognitive performance, and subjective cognitive concerns. Method Twenty-three women and 18 men, aged 55 to 83 (M = 68), completed a 3-hour test battery that included global, memory, executive, and verbal measures. Sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Subjective cognitive complaints were measured using the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe), which provided a total and three subscale scores (Apathy, Disinhibition, Executive Dysfunction). Results PSQI scores were consistent with means of older non-diagnosed older adults (Bush et al., 2012; M = 6.34, SD = 3.70). Cognitive test scores did not correlate with PSQI scores or FrSBe scores; however, Total PSQI correlated with Total FrSBe (r = .397; CI = .099 to .741) and two of the three FrSBe subscales: Apathy (r = .472; CI = .190 to .683) and Executive Dysfunction (r = .395; CI = .097 to .629), but not Disinhibition (r = .231; CI = -.086 to .505). Conclusions As previously found, cognitive test scores were unrelated to sleep measures; however, associations were found between poor sleep and subjective cognitive concerns, particularly avolition and executive dysfunction. Findings may indicate distress characteristic among older adults that involves sleep disturbance and cognitive worry.
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Saletu, B., P. Anderer, G. Gruber, S. Parapatics, G. Dorffner, and G. M. Saletu-Zyhlarz. "Objective versus subjective sleep in patients with insomnia related to generalized anxiety disorder and apnea as compared with normals." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 2174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73877-9.
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IntroductionEarlier studies reported that subjective sleep quality correlates with objective polysomnographically measured sleep initiation and continuity, but less with sleep architecture.AimsThis study aimed to investigate relations between subjective and objective sleep in normals (N), insomnia comorbid with generalized anxiety disorder (G) and apnea (A).MethodsOne hundred and seventy-seven normals (50.9±19.6a), 100 insomniac G patients (37.9±10.6a) and 51 A patients (51.3±9.7a) completed the self-rating scale for sleep and awakening quality (Saletu et al. 1997) regarding two polysomnographic nights analyzed by the Somnolyzer (Anderer et al. 2005). Correlations were calculated based on changes between the first (adaptation) and second polysomnographic night to diminish inter-individual variances of sleep perception.ResultsIn N, subjective sleep quality (S-QUA) demonstrated correlations (p < 0.01) with sleep efficiency (EFF), wake after sleep onset (WASO), S2, S1%, REM, S1, frequency of awakenings (FW), latency to continuous sleep (L-CONT), sleep latency (S-LAT) and slow-wave sleep, while awakening quality (A-QUA) showed weak (p < 0.05) correlations with EFF and WASO. Somatic complaints (S-COM) correlated (p < 0.05) with WASO and REM. In G, correlations (p < 0.01) were obtained between S-QUA and EFF, WASO, S2, L-CONT and S-LAT (p < 0.05), while A-QUA correlated with S2, WASO and EFF. In A, S-QUA correlated (p < 0.01) with EFF, S2, S1%, S2%, L-CONT, WASO and less (p < 0.05) with S-LAT and S1. A-QUA correlated with S2, S2% (p < 0.01), L-CONT and EFF (p < 0.05). S-COM correlated with S-CONT (p < 0.01) and S-LAT (p < 0.05).ConclusionEFF, WASO, S2 and less S-LAT determine good S-QUA in all groups.
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Westerhof, Gerben, Abigail Nehrkorn-Bailey, Allyson Brothers, Jelena Siebert, Han-Yun (Heidi) Tseng, Manfred Diehl, Hans-Werner Wahl, and Susanne Wurm. "THE EFFECT OF SUBJECTIVE AGING ON HEALTH AND SURVIVAL: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF LONGITUDINAL DATA." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1678.
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Abstract Longitudinal effects of subjective age on adult health and survival are well-documented (Westerhof et al., 2014). This systematic review provides an updated and expanded evaluation of the state of the field. A systematic search in PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed resulted in 103 articles: 19 articles from the 2014 meta-analysis and 84 newer articles. Sixty-five articles focused on physical health (e.g., subjective health, objective health, and health behaviors), 41 studied mental health outcomes (e.g., mental health disorders, well-being, and quality of life), and 18 articles used mortality as the outcome. Important developments during the past years include new instruments, particularly multidimensional assessment of subjective aging, and a more fine-grained representation of health outcomes, including bio indicators. A major outcome is that most studies confirmed the longitudinal effects of subjective aging on health as reported previously, but on a much broader study portfolio.
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Scharfe, Marlene Susanne Lisa, Kathrin Zeeb, and Nele Russwinkel. "The Impact of Situational Complexity and Familiarity on Takeover Quality in Uncritical Highly Automated Driving Scenarios." Information 11, no. 2 (February 20, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11020115.
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In the development of highly automated driving systems (L3 and 4), much research has been done on the subject of driver takeover. Strong focus has been placed on the takeover quality. Previous research has shown that one of the main influencing factors is the complexity of a traffic situation that has not been sufficiently addressed so far, as different approaches towards complexity exist. This paper differentiates between the objective complexity and the subjectively perceived complexity. In addition, the familiarity with a takeover situation is examined. Gold et al. show that repetition of takeover scenarios strongly influences the take-over performance. Yet, both complexity and familiarity have not been considered at the same time. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to examine the impact of objective complexity and familiarity on the subjectively perceived complexity and the resulting takeover quality. In a driving simulator study, participants are requested to take over vehicle control in an uncritical situation. Familiarity and objective complexity are varied by the number of surrounding vehicles and scenario repetitions. Subjective complexity is measured using the NASA-TLX; the takeover quality is gathered using the take-over controllability rating (TOC-Rating). The statistical evaluation results show that the parameters significantly influence the takeover quality. This is an important finding for the design of cognitive assistance systems for future highly automated and intelligent vehicles.
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Spilman, M. W., K. L. Burton, and J. M. E. Statham. "18 SEMENRATE: THE USE OF COMPUTER-ASSISTED SEMEN ANALYSIS AND FLOW CYTOMETRY FOR OBJECTIVE BOVINE SEMEN ANALYSIS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 29, no. 1 (2017): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv29n1ab18.
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Routine assessment of bovine semen consists of a subjective assessment of morphology, motility and concentration. This subjective approach used during quality control at semen production centres (SPC) or investigations of poor reproductive performance in veterinary practice has been shown to be relatively inaccurate, imprecise, and operator dependent (Vincent, et al. 2012 Anim. Reprod. 9, 153–165). Assessment of frozen semen samples in a dedicated laboratory aimed to establish variations in multiple parameters associated with fertility using computer-assisted semen analysis and flow cytometry and evaluate their relationship to semen performance in the field. This has developed into a commercial service that is available to veterinarians and farmers across the United Kingdom. AI semen from 50 farms across Yorkshire, UK, that had been stored on farm was assessed for factors associated with fertility (motility, progressive motility, intact acrosome, viability, and polarised mitochondria). Data ranges and mean values for each parameter have been analysed. This analysis is ongoing as the dataset continues to expand and significance will be assessed. For frozen semen (n = 79), % viable sperm (max = 67.64, min = 0.00, mean = 43.44), % sperm with polarised mitochondria (max = 72.50, min = 0.26, mean = 38.56), % sperm with acrosome intact (max = 68.82, min = 0.06, mean = 35.29), % motile sperm (max = 66.90, min = 0.00, mean = 37.44) and % progressively motile sperm (max = 59.00, min = 0.00, mean = 26.11). 25% of the samples fell below the cut off for release of 30% motile sperm set by SPCs. For sexed AI semen (n = 9), % viable sperm (max = 66.31, min = 17.08, mean = 43.57), % polarised mitochondria (max = 26.74, min = 13.40, mean = 19.96), % intact acrosome (max = 52.62, min = 15.34, mean = 37.00), % motile (max = 38.00, min = 9.40, mean = 24.88) and % progressively motile (max = 22.80, min = 3.90, mean = 13.15). Objective semen analysis before beginning an embryo collection programme allows informed decisions to be made regarding semen choice and dosage depending on compensable v. non-compensable defects detected (Hudson et al. 2012 Dairy Herd Health 73–111; CABI Publishing). Use of semen that falls below the 30% cut off for SPCs is unlikely to perform as expected in the field (Phillips et al. 2004 Anim. Reprod. Sci. 80, 47–61). A European collaboration aims to establish correlations between semen quality parameters and fertility outcomes for UK cattle herds, providing unique data for the industry (Sellem et al. 2015 Theriogenology 84, 1447–1454.e5). These data should highlight to stakeholders in the industry how imperative optimal semen quality is and highlight the benefits to herd fertility and financial performance.
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Laniepce, A., S. Bodin, C. Lannuzel, C. Boudehent, S. Segobin, F. Vabret, F. Eustache, H. Beaunieux, G. Rauchs, and A. L. Pitel. "Troubles du sommeil dans l’alcoolo-dépendance : intérêt de l’auto-évaluation ?" European Psychiatry 30, S2 (November 2015): S106—S107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.200.
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Les troubles du sommeil et l’alcoolo-dépendance (AD) sont deux comorbidités fréquemment associées dans les pathologies psychiatriques, telles que l’anxiété, la dépression, les troubles bipolaires ou la schizophrénie [1]. Depuis plusieurs années, les études conduites dans l’AD ont permis de mieux préciser les atteintes cognitives et cérébrales de ces patients [2]. Par ailleurs, certains résultats ont également souligné chez les AD la présence d’altérations du sommeil (36 à 72 % selon les études) qui seraient un facteur de risque de rechute [3]. En pratique clinique, l’évaluation du sommeil est principalement réalisée à l’aide de questionnaires, du fait de leur rapidité de passation et leur facilité d’analyse. L’objectif de cette étude est d’explorer les liens entre la plainte du sommeil évaluée à l’aide d’un autoquestionnaire nommé le « Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index » (PSQI) [4], les troubles cognitifs et les altérations cérébrales structurales des patients AD. Trente-neuf patients AD et 16 sujets sains recrutés au sein du protocole ALCOBRAIN ont été inclus dans la présente étude. Nos données indiquent que plus de 76 % des patients AD abstinents évoquent une plainte de sommeil. Les patients qui ne rapportent pas de plainte de sommeil présentent les troubles exécutifs les plus sévères. Par ailleurs, ces patients présenteraient également des altérations cérébrales plus importantes que ceux présentant une plainte de sommeil, notamment au sein de régions impliquées dans les capacités de métacognition. Ces résultats suggèrent qu’une forme infraclinique d’anosognosie pourrait être présente chez certains patients AD, entraînant une conscience partielle de leurs troubles du sommeil. En pratique clinique, il semble donc nécessaire de rester vigilant vis-à-vis de l’évaluation subjective du sommeil par le biais de questionnaires. Des études complémentaires sont nécessaires afin de préciser les liens entre sommeil, cognition et cerveau, notamment à l’aide de mesures objectives de la qualité du sommeil.
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Barsasella, Diana, Shabbir Syed-Abdul, Shwetambara Malwade, Terry B. J. Kuo, Ming-Jen Chien, Francisco J. Núñez-Benjumea, Gi-Ming Lai, et al. "Erratum: Barsasella et al. Sleep Quality among Breast and Prostate Cancer Patients: A Comparison between Subjective and Objective Measurements. Healthcare 2021, 9, 785." Healthcare 9, no. 11 (November 19, 2021): 1581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111581.
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Schmid, Sarah R., Christopher Höhn, Kathrin Bothe, Christina P. Plamberger, Monika Angerer, Belinda Pletzer, and Kerstin Hoedlmoser. "How Smart Is It to Go to Bed with the Phone? The Impact of Short-Wavelength Light and Affective States on Sleep and Circadian Rhythms." Clocks & Sleep 3, no. 4 (October 28, 2021): 558–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep3040040.
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Previously, we presented our preliminary results (N = 14) investigating the effects of short-wavelength light from a smartphone during the evening on sleep and circadian rhythms (Höhn et al., 2021). Here, we now demonstrate our full sample (N = 33 men), where polysomnography and body temperature were recorded during three experimental nights and subjects read for 90 min on a smartphone with or without a filter or from a book. Cortisol, melatonin and affectivity were assessed before and after sleep. These results confirm our earlier findings, indicating reduced slow-wave-sleep and -activity in the first night quarter after reading on the smartphone without a filter. The same was true for the cortisol-awakening-response. Although subjective sleepiness was not affected, the evening melatonin increase was attenuated in both smartphone conditions. Accordingly, the distal-proximal skin temperature gradient increased less after short-wavelength light exposure than after reading a book. Interestingly, we could unravel within this full dataset that higher positive affectivity in the evening predicted better subjective but not objective sleep quality. Our results show disruptive consequences of short-wavelength light for sleep and circadian rhythmicity with a partially attenuating effect of blue-light filters. Furthermore, affective states influence subjective sleep quality and should be considered, whenever investigating sleep and circadian rhythms.
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Martin, Peter, and Leonard W. Poon. "Success at 100 is easier said than done – comments on Araújo et al: successful aging at 100 years." International Psychogeriatrics 28, no. 2 (January 19, 2016): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610215002021.
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Few would argue that achieving the age of 100 years is extraordinary, but what about the quality of life at this extreme age? Is it worth it to live to 100 and beyond? The study by Araújo, Ribero, Teixeira, and Paúl (2015) in three ways provided an answer to this question substantiating and complementing recent findings about successful aging in extreme old age (Poon and Perls, 2007; Martin et al., 2015). First, the study joined other investigators in asking whether the criteria for successful aging posed by Rowe and Kahn (1997) are applicable for older adults at the end stage of a very long life. Second, the study shed light on whether objective or subjective criteria are more appropriate to gauge levels of successful aging for the oldest old (e.g. Pruchno et al., 2010; Cho et al., 2012). Finally, the study provided additional data on psychological, social, and economic resources that enhance the needed ingredients of successful aging at the century mark.
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Korneeva, Ya M., N. N. Simonova, A. V. Korneeva, and A. A. Trofimova. "The functional status of forestry industry workers in the Far North during the shift period." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 7, no. 4 (September 2, 2022): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2022-7.4.17.
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All over the world, the timber industry is one of the most physically hazardous industries. Working in such conditions is accompanied by an increase in the risk of unfavorable functional states and a critical decrease in professional reliability. Monitoring the workers’ state during the shift period will allow to determine the adaptation degree of personnel to work, as well as to identify the days of the shift arrival with a high risk of injury caused by the unfavorable state of workers.The aim. To identify and describe the functional states dynamics of loggers during the entire shift period in the Far North as their adaptation degree to work.Methods. Objective: collection of saliva for the determination of cortisol, psychophysiological instrumental methods; projective: M. Luscher’s color test; subjective – questionnaire “Well-being. Activity. Mood” by V.А. Doskin et al.; statistical methods: descriptive statistics. The study involved 24 shift workers of a logging enterprise, with whom we conducted daily monitoring of objective, projective and subjective characteristics of their functional state in the morning and evening during a fourteenday shift visit.Results. According to the objective, projective and subjective indicators of functional states, their consistently favorable level is observed with multidirectional peaks during the shift change period and a slight decrease at the end of the shift, which demonstrates the staff’ adaptability to work. The operator performance is somewhat higher in the second half of the shift period, but in general it is below average due to the reduced quality of task performance. An increased free cortisol level was revealed in employees during the entire shift period with a high functional reserves level of the body. During the shift change period, the risks associated with the efficiency and safety of labor increase, which undoubtedly requires consideration by the management of enterprises.
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Thieken, Franziska, Lars Timmermann, Keywan Sohrabi, Christiane Woopen, Björn Schmitz-Luhn, Anna Janhsen, and Carsten Eggers. "Development of a Multidimensional Assessment Tool for the Evaluation of Holistic Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease." Journal of Parkinson's Disease 12, no. 1 (January 21, 2022): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jpd-202391.
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Background: Parkinsonian syndromes are heterogeneous chronic neurodegenerative disorders associated with both motor and non-motor symptoms. The symptoms have major psychosocial effects on the quality of life of patients and can be a burden for caregivers. So far, several questionnaires have been developed to assess quality of life in Parkinsonism, but none of these include the positive sides on well-being such as personal and social resilience factors. Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a digital framework for a longitudinal assessment of quality of life during the progression of Parkinson’s disease. Methods: The CHAPO model (Challenges and Potentials) has been established in a vast study by Wagner et al. to assess the quality of life of older people. This model includes environmental and individual factors, life chances, and life results, such as individual life evaluation, from a subjective as well as an objective point of view. Therefore, it has been adapted in several development steps to include the specific aspects that affect quality of life in Parkinsonian syndromes. The development process included 6 steps: definition, refinement, operationalization, piloting/debriefing, adjustment, and integration. Results: The development of the CHAPO-PD model has been completed and it represents the first main result of this study. Conclusion: By taking a holistic understanding of quality of life into account, we expect to detect previously unrecognized factors, which correlate to the subjective well-being of Parkinson’s disease patients, and aim to use these findings to improve the health care structures for patients with Parkinson’s disease and related disorders.
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Bonnet, Estelle, Zora Mazari, and Élise Verley. "Une jeunesse en quête de sens? Le rapport au travail des jeunes français à travers le prisme des effets de génération et d’âge." Revue Jeunes et Société 5, no. 2 (January 27, 2022): 59–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1085572ar.
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This article examines the evolving relationship to work among French youth, in the context of relatively
unstable employment and deteriorating conditions for entry-level employees. It explores the objective
dimensions of work (such as job quality), and more subjective considerations related to career paths, work
situations, and professional or social priorities. The study draws on two complementary sources. The
generational surveys conducted by the Centre d’études et de recherches sur les qualifications (Céreq)
have allowed us to examine how representations of work shifted across an 18-year span. Meanwhile, data
related to a single cohort of young people over seven years of their working life have allowed us to assess
the effect of age. We explore the latter in terms of individual life and work experiences, the stages
involved in the transition to adulthood, social background, and gender. Ultimately, the article identifies
four categories of youth, each of which corresponds to a distinct and subjective relationship to work.
These categories reflect various degrees of satisfaction and resignation in relation to work situations,
setbacks, and opportunities for advancement. However, most young people remain optimistic about the
future.
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Seelochan, Alex, Mark Paramlall, Himanshu Tyagi, Rohan Kandasamy, Ida Bakar, Cameron Holloway, Samantha Harding, and Anna Gadhvi. "How does self-report of anxiety symptoms compare with observer assessments after acquired brain injury?" BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.765.
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AimsComorbid anxiety and mood disorders occur in 30% and 60% of individuals post-ABI (acquired brain injury), respectively (Juengst et al, 2014). The presence of psychiatric symptoms correlate to poorer outcomes in post-stroke rehabilitation, worsened quality of life (QoL), and deficits in memory, attention, and processing speed that persists years following the index event. Despite this, it is unclear whether to what degree anxiety impacts cognition. Furthermore, the literature on this topic is inconsistent when comparing subjective and clinician measurements. This study seeks to ameliorate this gap in literature by analyzing how clinicians’ measures of anxiety and cognitive performance correlate with subjective assessments of patient's own anxiety symptoms.MethodIndividuals with an ABI who were seen in a clinical neuropsychiatry outpatient clinic between 2019 and 2020 completed a GAD-7 (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7) questionnaire (patient's self-report of the severity of anxiety symptoms) and an observer completed a Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPIQ) including a subscale for anxiety (NPIQ-A). Participants also underwent a formal cognitive examination with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). A total of 24 ABI patients (depressed ABI and non-depressed ABI) were analyzed for variation, statistical agreement and correlation. Here, total anxiety scores (using GAD-7 scores), anxiety severity (correlating category based on total GAD-7 score) were compared against the objective measures for anxiety (NPI-QA) and cognition (MoCA). In order to standardize MoCA scores, z scores were used in the statistical analysis.ResultThe patient's subjective raw scores of anxiety were statistically significantly different from the corresponding scores from objective observers on Wilcoxon-Rank Sum tests (p < 0.01), however, there was a statistical correlation between GAD (categorized by severity level) and NPI-QA (p = 0.75). Spearman Rank Correlation did show positive, but, statistically insignificant correlation between dyads of these independent variables (including GAD7/NPIQ-A, GAD 7 categorised/NPIQ-A, GAD7/MoCA, GAD 7 categorised/MoCA).ConclusionThese findings indicate (1) self-reported measures of anxiety (GAD7) in ABI were inconsistent with objective measures of anxiety in this cohort, (2) anxiety measures did not demonstrate significant correlation when compared to objective measures for cognitive function, and (3) ABI patients did not display good insight into the severity of their anxiety symptoms as measured by the GAD7. Further research should focus on utilizing other subjective measurement tools for anxiety and/or clinician evaluation tools with NPIQ-A.
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Bukowska, D., B. Kempisty, H. Piotrowska, R. Walczak, P. Sniadek, J. Dziuban, and KP Brussow. "The invasive and new non-invasive methods of mammalian oocyte and embryo quality assessment: a review." Veterinární Medicína 57, No. 4 (May 18, 2012): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5913-vetmed.
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The quality of oocytes-embryos can be determined by several techniques, including morphological, molecular, cellular and biochemical ones. The morphological methods of female gamete or embryo quality assessment often use thе following in vitro manipulation procedures such as: in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro embryo production (IVP). However, these methods are highly subjective and the morphological classification of oocytes or embryos is not always compatible with their ability to grow and develop. Additionally, molecular biology methods are objective and present parametric results, which are more or less comparable to the real oocyte-embryo “health”. Although these techniques enable us to determine markers of oocyte-embryo developmental potential, when applied they lead to destruction of the analysed cells. Therefore, the need still exists to search for new methods that will be highly objective (parametric) and, which is most important, non-invasive. In this review, the morphological and molecular methods of oocyte-embryo quality assessment are presented. Moreover, we described a new system based on microfluidic technology (Lab-on-Chip) which allows the creation of a new device for mammalian oocyte as well as embryo quality evaluation: by using their spectral characterisation following embryo transfer (ET) procedures in the cattle and the pig.
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Touchette, E., S. Servot, R. Lemieux, and N. Berthelot. "0859 Types Of Childhood Maltreatment And Sleep Regulation During Pregnancy." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.855.
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Abstract Introduction Pregnant women with history of childhood maltreatment would have around 2-fold increased odds of poor subjective sleep in comparison to pregnant women without history of trauma (Gelaye et al., 2015). Our aim was to evaluate whether different types of childhood maltreatment were associated with poorer subjective and objective sleep regulation during the second trimester of pregnancy. Methods Sleep regulation between 18-20 weeks of gestation was assessed in a sample of 55 expectant mothers, including 31 women exposed to childhood maltreatment. Three measures of sleep were administered: 7-day actigraph measures (Mini-Mitter/Respironics), 7-day sleep diary and the completion of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Childhood maltreatment was assessed using the Chilhood Trauma Questionnaire. Generalized linear regression models were used to examine the associations between sleep measures and types of childhood maltreatment after adjusting for confounding variables (e.g., maternal age, maternal wellbeing, education attainment and family income). Results Among the 31 participants with history of childhood maltreatment, 71% (n=22) reported emotional abuse, 26% (n=8) physical abuse, 39% (n=12) sexual abuse, 42% (n=13) emotional neglect and 65% (n=20) physical neglect. Pregnant women with childhood emotional abuse had around 2.8 higher score on PSQI in comparison to pregnant women without childhood emotional abuse (P<0.003). For objective sleep measures, pregnant women with childhood sexual abuse had around 1 hour less of nocturnal sleep (P<0.004), 30 minutes more nocturnal awakenings (P<0.03) and 6% less of sleep efficiency (P<0.01) compared with pregnant women without childhood sexual abuse. Conclusion Emotional abuse during childhood was associated with poorer perceived sleep quality during the 2nd trimester of pregnancy while childhood sexual abuse was particularly associated with objective measures of sleep regulation. Future larger studies are needed to confirm the impact of the different types of childhood maltreatment on maternal sleep quality during pregnancy. Support Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC, 2018-2020, Canada)
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Hueluer, Gizem, and Elizabeth A. L. Stine-Morrow. "Contemporary Approaches to the Study of Cognitive Aging." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 575–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1913.
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Abstract Cognitive aging research is gaining societal and practical importance because of population aging. Current research is focused on describing age differences and age-related changes in cognitive performance, understanding potential causes underlying these differences and changes, and identifying factors that promote maintenance of cognitive functioning in old age. The goal of this research group is to showcase new developments in research studying age differences in cognitive performance and longitudinal cognitive change in the second half of life. Hülür et al. examine associations between midlife occupational factors and trajectories of cognitive change using data from the German Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development and Aging (ILSE). Luo et al. use 12-year longitudinal data from 499 older participants in ILSE to study bidirectional associations between social relationships and cognitive performance. Small et al. examine the correspondence between objective and subjective cognitive performance, and measures of fatigue and depressed mood in experience sampling data from breast cancer survivors. Haas et al. compare laboratory and at-home online assessments of cognitive status and prospective memory over the adult lifespan and evaluate the quality of self-administered tests. The discussion by Elizabeth Stine-Morrow will focus on how these approaches contribute to our understanding of processes of cognitive aging and how they can be utilized to promote maintenance of cognitive functioning in old age.
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Čuprika, Aleksandra, Andra Fernāte, and Leonīds Čupriks. "Physical Activities and Body Composition Among Women in Fitness." LASE Journal of Sport Science 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ljss-2016-0031.
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Abstract Nowadays sedentary lifestyle is becoming more and more frequent all over the world. Obesity represents one of the most serious health issues (Hill et al., 2008). It develops because of misbalance between energy intake and consumption, which results from human behavior – feeding behavior, leisure time spent physiology and life quality objective factors (Haslam & James, 2005). The aim of the research is to describe women’s involved in fitness relation of body composition parameters and subjective evaluation of the amount of physical activities and objective parameters of life quality. Research methods: the study included 51 women (27 +/- 6 years old). TANITA BC-545 platform was applied to evaluate body composition parameters and IPAQ short version was used to state the amount of physical activities. SPSS ver.17.0 data procession program was applied to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics (frequency, mode, mean); mathematical statistics (One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, Spearman rank correlation) was made. Results: the research showed that there is a number of weak significant correlations between women’s in fitness body composition parameters, the amount of physical activities, the habits of spending leisure and the life quality objective factors (0.2<|rs|<0.49; p< 0.05). Whereas there were noted strong (0.7<|rs|<0.99; p<0.01) and moderate (0.5<|rs|<0.69; p<0.01) correlations among body composition parameters. Conclusions: Women’s, involved in fitness physical activities, life quality objective factors and the habits of spending leisure have the impact on the body composition parameters.
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Myers, Annika, Candice Alfano, Megan Rech, Bengi Baran, and Cara Palmer. "0185 N2 Sleep Spindle Activity is Associated with Better Next-Day Emotion Regulation in Healthy Children." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (May 25, 2022): A85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.183.
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Abstract Introduction Children's day-to-day mental health is dependent on adequate quantity and quality of sleep, but far less is known about the microstructural sleep features that support emotional functioning in children. NREM sleep spindles (rhythmic EEG oscillations between 10 and 15 Hz) are closely linked with intellectual abilities and cognitive processing, and have also been shown to relate to children’s emotional behavior, both concurrently and longitudinally. For example, socially-anxious youth showed reduction in sleep spindle activity compared to healthy controls, which correlated negatively with subjective reports of arousal in response to negative images (Wilhelm et al., 2017). In younger children, greater NREM 2 spindle density was associated with greater prosocial behavior concurrently and fewer behavioral and social problems one year later (Mikoteit et al., 2012; 2013). However, studies in pediatric samples are limited overall and haven’t examined spindles in relation to objective measures of emotion regulation. Methods We examined relationships between spindle activity during NREM stage 2 (N2) and next-day subjective and objective emotional responses among N=26 healthy children, 7-11 years old. Children completed a full-night of at-home PSG monitoring (10hr sleep opportunity) followed by two in-lab tasks. In task 1, children rated arousal/reactivity in response to negative images from the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS). In task 2, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was measured while children were directed to suppress all facial expressions of emotion (i.e., regulate emotional responses to negative content) while watching negatively-valenced movie clips. All analyses controlled for total sleep time on PSG night and RSA analyses controlled for a resting baseline period. Results Greater C3 spindle count (r = .51, p < .05) and density (r = .53, p < .05) were significantly associated with less child-reported arousal towards negative images. Greater F3 peak spindle frequency was positively associated with higher RSA during negative movies (r = .54, p < .05), suggesting better regulatory control of emotional responses to correspond with greater spindle peak frequency. Conclusion Together with previous data, our findings suggest that sleep spindle activity may partially reflect children’s capacity to regulate emotional responses in relation to stressful situations, thereby potentially reducing risk of mental health problems. Support (If Any)
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Macia, Enguerran, Priscilla Duboz, and Lamine Gueye. "Les dimensions de la qualité de vie subjective à Dakar." Sciences sociales et santé 28, no. 3 (2010): 41–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/sosan.2010.1970.
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L’ensemble des recherches participatives menées sur la qualité de vie subjective dans les pays en développement a mis en évidence l’importance de la santé physique au sein de ce concept. Cependant, au Sénégal, la qualité de vie subjective n’a jamais été étudiée. Ainsi, les objectifs principaux de cette étude qualitative étaient les suivants : en premier lieu, comprendre ce que signifie le concept de «qualité de vie » (dundu bu baax) et identifier ses dimensions émiques à Dakar ; deuxièmement, analyser le rôle de la santé physique dans la qualité de vie en déterminant ses relations avec les autres dimensions du concept. Huit groupes de discussion focalisés, homogènes en genre, âge et catégorie socioprofessionnelle, ont été menés afin de répondre à ces objectifs. Quatre dimensions de la qualité de vie ont émergé de ces entretiens : la santé physique, les relations sociales, les conditions matérielles d’existence et les caractéristiques psychologiques individuelles (comprenant les mécanismes d’ajustement). Par différents mécanismes, directs et indirects, collatéraux et de contagion, les problèmes de santé affectent l’ensemble des dimensions de la qualité de vie des individus et, par conséquent, leur expérience subjective du bien-être. Par ailleurs, la partie conceptuelle de notre analyse a permis de montrer comment les tensions entre individualisme et holisme, exacerbées en contexte africain-urbaincontemporain, sont susceptibles d’affecter la qualité de vie des jeunes générations.
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Azam, Mohammad, Mohamed Rafik Noor Mohamed Qureshi, and Faisal Talib. "Quality Evaluation of Health Care Establishment Utilizing Fuzzy AHP." International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology 8, no. 4 (October 2017): 83–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.2017100105.
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Quality evaluation of healthcare establishment (HCE) is a difficult process as it involves multiple components of quality criteria with various factors and sub-factors therein. Further, the quality criteria are not universally standardized. The subjective evaluation in itself is not reliable as a tool so that available HCEs may be investigated for selecting the best among them. Thus, to avoid vagueness and imprecision due to process of human cognition the need to evolve a useful method for evaluation of quality of HCE was essentially required. To achieve such an objective three well established HCEs from northern cities of India have been studied. An Integrated Quality Model designed for HCE (Azam et al., 2012a, 2012b) and specifically tested previously with the AHP study by the authors (Azam et al., 2015) with its components, parameters and factors sub-factors has been utilized to evaluate the quality aspects of HCEs forming subjects of the current study. Further, the standard formula of Fuzzy AHP methodology with the application of fuzzy set theory was applied to the multiple components of the quality criteria with various factors and sub-factors therein pertaining to various HCEs forming the subject of the study. Quality of the HCEs thus could be evaluated empirically avoiding vagueness due to human cognition factors. Utilizing this methodology respective rankings of HCEs could also be assigned among them with practical utility to maintain the required quality of their services. Quality evaluation of Health Care Establishment utilizing Fuzzy AHP along with fuzzy set theory is a unique method which will benefit the client patients to select the best HCE among the available alternatives of HCEs. It also helps the managers to improve the business by allocating scarce resources wherever critically required to improve various quality components criteria factors and sub-factors of their HCEs.
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Abdullaeva, M., and G. Abdullayeva. "Organizational environment as a factor of physicians’ psychological well-being." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1926.
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IntroductionThe importance of ensuring the well-being of physicians is determined by the serious changes in medical organizations that transform the traditional “doctor - patient” relationship and set different indicators of the medical care quality (Melnyk et al., 2020; Sandy et al., 2019; Tawfik et al., 2019).ObjectivesThe main objective was to study the characteristics of the well-being of physicians working in public and commercial medical institutions. The difference in these “environments” is the degree of independence and responsibility in the course of diagnosis and treatment.MethodsThe study involved 102 people: 66 of them are employees at public hospitals, 36 –at commercial medical centers. The respondents were offered a methodic package aimed to diagnose: career orientations; the degree of satisfaction with various work aspects; severity of burnout symptoms; subjective assessment of their work.ResultsThe estimating factor analysis identified 3 factors (73% of the total variance of the data) –such as emotional acceptance of one’s work, stress and tension, intellectual workload. The indicator of emotional exhaustion among physicians of commercial centers is significantly higher than that of doctors of public hospitals, which indicates a greater emotional involvement in the situation of providing paid services (p≤0.007).ConclusionsThe main direction of psychological work with physicians of commercial institutions is teaching them to regulating the emotional state and to master communicative techniques. An important part of psychological support of physicians in public hospitals is to provide a favorable psychological climate that ensures the professional growth and adherence to humane principles of working with patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Leppänen, Anneli. "Improving the Mastery of Work and the Development of the Work Process in Paper Production." Relations industrielles 56, no. 3 (October 22, 2002): 579–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/000083ar.
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Résumé Les machines de fabrication du papier sont les plus grandes installations de production en continu au monde et la fabrication de la pâte, en tant que processus de travail, est particulièrement complexe. Le processus de fabrication du papier étant rapide, les conséquences des modifications apportées dans le premier temps de fabrication (partie humide de la machine), notamment au niveau de la concentration de la masse ou du réglage de la tête de la machine, n’apparaissent souvent que dans les paramètres de qualité du papier parvenus dans la « partie sèche » de la machine. Par conséquent, la fabrication du papier ne repose pas sur un ouvrier isolé, mais bien sur un groupe d’ouvriers. Tous ceux qui travaillent sur une machine et qui surveillent le processus au moyen des dispositifs informatiques du système de fonctionnement automatisé doivent émettre des hypothèses quant à l’état du processus et des actions à entreprendre. Ils doivent également communiquer aux autres membres du groupe leurs observations, leurs actions ou leurs décisions. Les retards sont fréquents et à l’occasion, il peut s’écouler plusieurs heures avant que les effets d’une modification dans les paramètres se manifestent. Les équipes doivent donc pouvoir compter sur des moyens efficaces pour se transmettre l’information et, conséquemment, avoir une même compréhension des concepts de la fabrication du papier. Les pratiques visant à créer et à améliorer les compétences professionnelles dans les moulins à papier ont beaucoup changé et plusieurs problèmes associés à des pratiques de formation inadéquates ont été constatés. Des programmes ont été élaborés dans le but de supporter l’amélioration de la maîtrise du processus de travail des ouvriers et de permettre le développement du processus de travail lui-même. Jusqu’à maintenant, la méthodologie a été appliquée sur environ 15 des 100 machines de fabrication du papier en Finlande. Les programmes de développement sont basés sur l’analyse des processus de production et du travail. L’analyse de ces processus nécessite la prise en compte des éléments de l’activité humaine au travail, des outils et de la division du travail. De plus, les modes d’action de l’équipe de travail dans différentes situations, la coopération des sujets à l’intérieur du processus de travail et des tâches y étant associées comme la maintenance ou le contrôle de la qualité sont également analysés. Pour y arriver, les chercheurs définissent des catégories ou identifient des questions clés en construisant des modèles. Ces catégories sont basées sur des analyses préliminaires du processus de travail de même que sur des entrevues et des observations avec le travailleur en activité. Lors de l’élaboration du programme, les participants doivent procéder à une analyse approfondie des processus de production et du travail. Les équipes doivent verbaliser et élaborer les différents modèles pouvant rendre compte de chacune des parties constituant le procédé de travail. Au cours de ce processus, les équipes apprennent à utiliser les connaissances disponibles dans le groupe. Les compétences et l’expertise du directeur de la production, de l’ingénieur des procédés de travail, des experts des procédés chimiques, des experts des systèmes de fonctionnement automatisé des opérations et des agents de marketing peuvent également être sollicitées. Quatre sessions de deux jours sont nécessaires pour élaborer le programme. Chaque session doit être tenue deux fois afin de permettre la participation des représentants de tous les quarts de travail de l’organisation. Les résultats des programmes de développement ont été évalués à plusieurs niveaux. La principale cible de ces programmes est d’améliorer la maîtrise conceptuelle du travail. Le premier niveau d’évaluation concerne l’apprentissage par la mesure de la maîtrise conceptuelle du travail et des perturbations possibles de même que le potentiel d’apprentissage que représentent les propositions de développement. Dans chaque programme de développement, plusieurs propositions de développement sont soulevées. Elles sont analysées en fonction des buts visés et du contenu du développement proposé. Les connexions entre la maîtrise objective et subjective du travail, à savoir l’évaluation que les ouvriers font de leur travail et le bien-être exprimé, et leur développement durant le programme ont aussi été étudiés. Ces connexions sont utilisées pour évaluer les conséquences du programme de développement sur les métacognitions traitant avec les facteurs des réactions subjectives, comme la satisfaction ou le stress au travail. Dans cet article, les résultats de deux études complémentaires concernant les programmes de développement sont abordés. Ils révèlent que la maîtrise conceptuelle du processus de fabrication du papier peut être considérablement améliorée à l’aide d’un programme de développement basé sur une analyse systématique et un modelage du processus de travail. Les résultats indiquent également que l’analyse du processus actuel de travail est un moyen adéquat pour favoriser son développement. En effet, dans chacune des études considérées, plus de cent propositions ont été formulées pour améliorer le processus de travail. Les propositions de développement portent autant sur le développement technique que sur la coopération entre les différents groupes de professionnels. Elles touchent donc le processus de travail en entier. De plus, elles représentent les besoins actuels de développement dans le processus de travail, en plus d’être des sources d’information importantes pour débuter des actions de développement. Les propositions de développement ont également été analysées du point de vue du potentiel d’apprentissage qu’elles représentent. La majorité des propositions visent essentiellement le développement du processus de production technique, c’est-à-dire une simple adaptation au contexte. De telles propositions représentent uniquement le niveau inférieur d’ap-prentissage. Cependant, les propositions visant à améliorer les modes d’action de l’équipe ou à augmenter la maîtrise cognitive du processus indiquent que les participants considèrent leur propre activité comme un objet de développement. Le besoin de comprendre le processus de travail et ses lois a clairement augmenté, démontrant ainsi une certaine augmentation de la motivation à travailler dans le nouveau contexte. Cette étude a également voulu vérifier si le bien-être au travail nécessite des caractéristiques de travail positives ainsi qu’une bonne maîtrise conceptuelle du processus de travail. Les rapports présumés ont émergé seulement à la suite du programme de développement. En effet, après le programme, un haut niveau de maîtrise des perturbations pouvant survenir en cours de production a été associé à la satisfaction. Dans l’analyse de régression, 72 % de la variance de la satisfaction au travail était expliquée par la maîtrise de ces perturbations de la production ainsi que par une évaluation positive du défi au travail et une attitude active face au développement du travail. Le programme de développement a semblé réorganiser les bases d’évaluation des sujets, spécialement en regard avec leurs qualifications actuelles et leurs évaluations subjectives. Les participants ont appris à évaluer les relations entre leurs propres compétences et les besoins découlant du processus de travail, indiquant ainsi que leur métacognitions du processus de travail se sont améliorées. L’émergence des connexions entre la maîtrise du processus de travail et la satisfaction suite au programme suggère que les qualifications professionnelles peuvent être une source de bien-être dans une organisation qui accorde de l’importance aux compétences et qui le démontre notamment par l’adoption continue du développement du processus de travail et de la maîtrise de ce processus en tant que caractéristique organisationnelle. Les résultats concernant les programmes de développement ou la formation au niveau organisationnel sont rares. La seconde étude considérée dans cet article se concentre sur les expériences de plusieurs fabricants de papier expérimentés devant maintenant travailler sur une nouvelle ligne de production compte tenu d’un déclin important de la productivité de la vieille ligne de production. Suite au programme, les ouvriers étant toujours affectés à la vieille ligne de production possédaient une maîtrise conceptuelle similaire à ceux qui ont été affectés à la nouvelle ligne de production et qui ont participé à une formation. De plus, la quantité et la qualité de la production sur la vieille ligne se sont grandement améliorée. De nos jours, la maîtrise du travail ou encore les connaissances reliées au travail sont considérées comme des préalables nécessaires au succès organisationnel. Les principes didactiques appliqués dans les programmes de développement sont devenus de plus en plus fréquents dans les pratiques de formation dans les écoles et dans les universités, mais elles sont encore rares dans les ateliers. L’application de ces principes devrait cependant supporter les organisations dans leur apprentissage par leurs propres activités.
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Martinon, Prescilla, Ina Saliasi, Denis Bourgeois, Colette Smentek, Claude Dussart, Laurie Fraticelli, and Florence Carrouel. "Nutrition-Related Mobile Apps in the French App Stores: Assessment of Functionality and Quality." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 10, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): e35879. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/35879.
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Background The global burden of disease attributes 20% of deaths to poor nutrition. Although hundreds of nutrition-related mobile apps have been created, and these have been downloaded by millions of users, the effectiveness of these technologies on the adoption of healthy eating has had mixed Objective The aim of this study was to review which nutrition-related mobile apps are currently available on the French market and assess their quality. Methods We screened apps on the Google Play Store and the French Apple App Store, from March 10 to 17, 2021, to identify those related to nutritional health. A shortlist of 15 apps was identified, and each was assessed using the French version of the Mobile App Rating Scale: 8 dietitians and nutritionists assessed 7 apps, and the remaining apps were randomly allocated to ensure 4 assessments per app. Intraclass correlation was used to evaluate interrater agreement. Means and standard deviations of scores for each section and each item were calculated. Results The top scores for overall quality were obtained by Yazio - Régime et Calories (mean 3.84, SD 0.32), FeelEat (mean 3.71, SD 0.47), and Bonne App (mean 3.65, SD 0.09). Engagement scores ranged from a mean of 1.95 (SD 0.5) for iEatBetter: Journal alimentaire to a mean of 3.85 (SD 0.44) for FeelEat. Functionality scores ranged from a mean of 2.25 (SD 0.54) for Naor to a mean of 4.25 (SD 0.46) for Yazio. Aesthetics scores ranged from a mean of 2.17 (SD 0.34) for Naor to a mean of 3.88 (SD 0.47) for Yazio. Information scores ranged from a mean of 2.38 (SD 0.60) for iEatBetter to a mean of 3.73 (SD 0.29) for Yazio. Subjective quality scores ranged from a mean of 1.13 (SD 0.25) for iEatBetter to a mean of 2.28 (SD 0.88) for Compteur de calories FatSecret. Specificity scores ranged from a mean of 1.38 (SD 0.64) for iEatBetter to a mean of 3.50 (SD 0.91) for FeelEat. The app-specific score was always lower than the subjective quality score, which was always lower than the quality score, which was lower than the rating from the iOS or Android app stores. Conclusions Although prevention and information messages in apps regarding nutritional habits are not scientifically verified before marketing, we found that app quality was good. Subjective quality and specificity were associated with lower ratings. Further investigations are needed to assess whether information from these apps is consistent with recommendations and to determine the long-term impacts of these apps on users.
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Duran, J., D. Argudo, S. Bravo, C. Soria, G. Guevara, and R. Alberio. "86 Difficulty of Transfer of In Vivo-Derived Bovine Embryos and Route of Administration of Flunixin Meglumine at the Time of Transfer may Affect Pregnancy Rate." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 30, no. 1 (2018): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv30n1ab86.
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Recipient handling during embryo transfer (ET) induces prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) production in 2 periods: an early transient and rapid increase around the time of ET, followed by another 2 to 4 h later. This PGF2α is associated with embryonic loss during early gestation by affecting both the embryo and the corpus luteum. To control this, antiprostaglandins such as flunixin meglumine (FM) have been applied IM at the time of ET with varying results. In such studies, the interaction of IM administration of FM and difficulty of transfer has not always been evaluated, possibly confusing the interpretation of the results. Furthermore, IV FM injection at ET and its relationship with pregnancy rates (PR) has not been determined. The objectives were (1) to determine the relationship between difficulty of ET and PR; and (2) to evaluate the efficacy of IM v. IV FM on pregnancy outcomes. One hundred and ten crossbred (Bos taurus × Bos indicus) heifers (18-24 months old) from 3 farms were used as recipients. Two evaluation systems of ET difficulty were used: (1) duration of transfer (objective determination of the elapsed time measured in seconds between the introduction of the catheter and embryo release), and (2) level of difficulty experienced by the practitioner (subjective determination; 1 = minimum and 2 = medium to extreme manipulation). Quality 1 and 2 fresh embryos from superovulated cows were transferred by the same practitioner. At ET, recipients were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) Control (no treatment, n = 31); (2) FM-IM (n = 39): injected IM with 2.2 mg kg−1 FM at ET; and (3) FM-IV (N = 40): injected with 2.2 mg kg−1 FM IV at ET. Pregnancy was diagnosed at 30 to 40 and 60 to 90 days after ET. Spearman’s test was performed to determine the correlation between duration and difficulty at ET and Chi-square test was used to compare PR. The mean duration of transfer for all heifers was 62.3 ± 57.5 s (11 to 357 s; median: 44.5 s). There was a high correlation (0.8; P < 0.001) between the ET difficulty evaluation systems. Overall, ET difficulty 1 had higher PR than ET difficulty 2 (64.2 v. 40.7; P = 0.013). The PR was significantly improved (P < 0.01) in the FM-IV group (75 and 70% at 30 and 60 days after ET) compared with control (45.2 and 32.3%) and FM-IM (33.3 and 30.7%). In conclusion, results indicate that the difficulty of transfer affects PR achieved following the transfer of in vivo-derived bovine embryos. Treatment with FM-IV following transfer resulted in significantly higher PR compared with control and FM-IM recipients. The IV injection of FM may antagonize the very early and transient increase of PGF2α caused by genital tract manipulation (even gently performed) at embryo transfer. Further research is necessary to confirm the results of the present study.
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Choi, Yoonseok, Theresa Pauly, Elizabeth Zambrano Garza, Tiana Broen, Denis Gerstorf, and Christiane Hoppmann. "The Role of Relationship Quality for Solitude Experiences during the Pandemic." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 1018–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3648.
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Abstract As time spent at home has significantly increased during the pandemic, reports of household conflict has also risen among people living with others (Usher et al., 2020). One solution to alleviate the potential stress of increased time with others could be carving out time to oneself. The present study investigated how living conditions (e.g., with others vs. alone) are associated with everyday desire for solitude and whether daily solitude experience comes with improved daily emotional well-being in people living with others. Furthermore, it also explored whether relationship quality is associated with solitude experience in a similar manner as living conditions. To do so, we used repeated daily life assessments from a lifespan sample (N = 215; M age = 38.3 years, SD age = 17.5; 78 % female) collected during the early pandemic (April to August 2020). Findings indicate that neither living conditions nor relationship quality were directly associated with daily desire for solitude, but higher relationship well-being was related to low preference for solitude when measured as an individual trait. In addition, relationship quality significantly moderated everyday solitude–affect links: higher relationship quality was related to reduced negative affect during solitude, and conflict was related to increased positive and decreased negative affect on solitude as compared to non-solitude days. The results imply that it is the subjective experience of relationships rather than objective living conditions that shape daily affective quality during solitude.
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Malattia, C., M. Carpaneto, M. Mazzoni, C. Lavarello, E. Fueri, S. Marra, A. Ravelli, and L. Nobili. "AB0992 CONNECTING SLEEP QUALITY, PAIN AND MOOD DISTURBANCES IN JUVENILE FIBROMYALGIA." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1789.2–1790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.6112.
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Background:Subjective sleep problems, including difficulties falling asleep, waking up, un-restorative sleep and daytime sleepiness are highly prevalent in patients with juvenile fibromyalgia (JFM). Sleep disturbances has been considered a consequence of severe pain and depression, but also in healthy individuals sleep deprivation is also a risk factor for the development of chronic widespread pain, tenderness and fatigue, suggesting the important role of sleep in pain control and in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia.Objectives:To estimate the incidence of polysomnographic alterations in JFM and to explore the relationship between sleep problems and the musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and mood and anxiety disorders.Methods:21 patients (M 3; F 18; mean age 16,1) with JFM were included. The objective sleep quality was measured by overnight polysomnography (PSG) (using the EMBLETTA MPR PG device). PSG data were compared to age and sex-matched controls. The subjective sleep disturbances were assessed by the Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI). Musculoskeletal symptoms were evaluated by using the widespread pain index (WPI). Pain intensity was evaluated on a 0-10 visual analogical scale (PVAS). Fatigue was assessed by using the Symptom Severity (SS) questionnaire. Mood and anxiety disorders were evaluated by using the Children Depression Index (CDI) and the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC). Comparison of categorical data was performed by means of the Fisher’s Exact test. The relationship between sleep quality and clinical symptoms were assessed using Spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient (rs). All statistical test were 2-sided and p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results:Nineteen out of 21 (90.5%) patients complained subjective sleep disturbances and un-restorative sleep. Seven out of 21 (33.3%) patients had mood and anxiety disorders. Eight out of 21 patients (38.1%) showed an electroencephalographic pattern of alpha wave intrusion in slow wave sleep (SWS). SCI was significantly correlated to CDI score rs -0,775 (p≤0,0001), MASC 0,61 (p=0,005), WPI -0,731 (p=0,001), SSI 0,492 (p=0,038), PVAS -0,590 (p=0,006).Conclusion:A substantial percentage of JFM patients experience sleep disturbances, which are, correlated with the severity of the muscolskeletal sympotms and mood and anxiety disorders. One third of JFM patients have alpha intrusion in the SWS. The important role of sleep in pain control suggests that the development of treatments to improve sleep quality may lead to more effective management of fibromyalgia in the future.References:[1]Ting TV et. al 2010 American College of Rheumatology Adult Fibromyalgia Criteria for Use in an Adolescent Female Population with Juvenile Fibromyalgia. J Pediatr. 2016 Feb;169:181-7.[2]Choy EH. The role of sleep in pain and fibromyalgia. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2015;11:513-20.[3]Roizenblatt S et al. Alpha sleep characteristics in fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;44, 222–230.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Hopkins, DL, AS Beattie, and KL Pirlot. "Meat quality, carcass fatness, and growth of short scrotum lambs grazing either forage rape or irrigated perennial pasture." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 4 (1995): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950453.
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The growth of 136 short scrotum male crossbred lambs fed on either forage rape (Brassica napus) or irrigated perennial pasture was examined from December to April 1991-92, as was the effect on meat quality assessed by objective and subjective means. During the first 6 weeks the groups of lambs showed similar liveweight gains, but thereafter those on the irrigated pasture treatment had a slower growth rate until first slaughter. The first slaughter, of all lambs weighing >48 kg, took place when >50% of the rapefed lambs exceeded this liveweight, at which time they were significantly (P<0.001) heavier (49.3 � 0.82 kg) than the pasture-fed lambs (43.8 � 0.79 kg); consequently, significantly (P<0.001) more of them were slaughtered. Rape-fed lambs had significantly (P<0.001) higher fat scores (mean �s.e.) before the first slaughter than pasture-fed lambs (3.8 � 0.10 v. 2.9 � 0.09). The mean (�s.e.) GR tissue depths for the 2 groups were 15.2 � 0.36 and 12.3 � 0.36 mm, respectively, when adjusted to a common carcass weight of 21.4 kg. Carcasses from pasture-fed lambs had significantly (P<0.05) higher pH values. Meat from rape-fed lambs was significantly (P<0.05) lighter in colour; the M. semimembranosus (SM) from the pasture-fed lambs had significantly (P<0.05) higher a* values (indicating relative redness), but there was no significant difference for the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LL). There was a tendency (P = 0.09) for the LL and SM muscles from the pasture-fed lambs to be tougher as indicated by shear values, but there was no significant difference between groups for cooking loss. For both the LL and M. biceps femoris (BF) from rape-fed lambs, flavour was considered significantly (P<0.05) stronger than for the same muscles from pasture-fed lambs, as was the aroma of the LL. Overall, the BF from pasture-fed lambs was significantly (P<0.05) more acceptable to panellists than BF from rape-fed lambs, with no difference for the LL. We conclude that provided a management procedure is in place to prevent overfatness, grazing entire male lambs on forage rape can produce heavy lean lambs over the summer period, whereas under normal dryland pasture conditions, the finishing time would be significantly longer. Based on objective assessments, the meat from entire lambs finished on forage rape will be of quality similar to that from lambs finished on perennial pasture and may have a more acceptable meat colour. From subjective assessments of quality, however, some Australian consumers may detect a stronger, less acceptable flavour from the meat of rapefed lambs. The importance of these flavour effects to consumers requires further study.
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Chahraoui, K., A. Danino, C. Frachebois, A. S. Clerc, and G. Malka. "Chirurgie esthétique et qualité de vie subjective avant et quatre mois après l'opération." Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique 51, no. 3 (June 2006): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anplas.2005.07.010.
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Carstensen, S. M. D., M. Velander, L. Konge, M. Østergaard, M. Pfeiffer-Jensen, S. A. Just, and L. Terslev. "AB1563-HPR TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL ULTRASOUND AND INJECTION SKILLS - A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1881.1–1881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1100.
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BackgroundThe importance of international harmonization regarding education of rheumatologists in musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) and injection skills have been highlighted in several studies, including the need for standardized training programs containing competency-based education using validated assessment tools [1-2].ObjectivesTo examine how residents are trained and assessed in MSUS, MSUS-guided and landmark-guided joint aspiration and injection. Additionally, to present the available assessment tools and examine their supporting validity evidence.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and studies published from January 1, 2000 to May 31, 2021 were included. Two independent reviewers performed the search and data extraction. The studies were evaluated using the Medical Education Research Quality Instrument (MERSQI).Results9,884 articles were screened and 43 were included; 3 randomized studies, 21 pre- and post-test studies, 16 descriptive studies (Table 1), and 3 studies developing assessment tools. The studies used various theoretical training modalities e.g. lectures, anatomical quizzes, and e-learning. The practical training models varied from mannequins and cadavers to healthy volunteers and patients. Most studies used subjective “comfort level” as assessment, others used practical examination and/or theoretical examination. All training programs increased trainees’ self-confidence, theoretical knowledge, and/or practical performance, however few used validated assessment tools to measure the effect. Only one study met the MERSQI high methodical quality cut-off score of 14.Table 1.Description of included studies examining training of MSUS, MSUS-guided or landmark-guided joint aspiration and injection skills.Study characteristicsMSUSMSUS-guidedLandmark-guidedNo. of studiesa14323Study design003 Randomized2217 Pre- and post-test1213 DescriptiveParticipantsb408381388 Residents1-8 Experts149 Medical students47 OthersAssessmentc71- Objective--2 Practical2113 Theoretical518 Subjective Questionnaire MixedMERSQId9.27.58.9 Mean scoreLegend:aStudies developing assessment tools are not included in this table.bAccumulated number of participants enrolled in the studies.cNumber of studies.dMean score using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument, maximum score =18.ConclusionThe included studies were heterogeneous, and most were of poor methodological quality and not based on contemporary educational theories. This review highlights the need for educational studies using validated theoretical and practical assessment tools to ensure optimal MSUS training and assessment in rheumatology.References[1]Naredo E, D’Agostino MA, Conaghan PG, Backhaus M, Balint P, Bruyn GAW, et al. Current state of musculoskeletal ultrasound training and implementation in Europe: Results of a survey of experts and scientific societies. Rheumatology 2010;49:2438–43.[2]Mandl P, Naredo E, Conaghan PG, D’Agostino M-A, Wakefield RJ, Bachta A, et al. Practice of ultrasound-guided arthrocentesis and joint injection, including training and implementation, in Europe: results of a survey of experts and scientific societies. Rheumatology 2012;51:184–90.AcknowledgementsWe thank Tove Margit Svendsen, research librarian at the Medical library at Rigshospitalet Denmark, for her assistance with developing the search string for the systematic review.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Dazord, Alice, Paul Gerin, Claude Brochier, Monique Cluse, Jean-Louis Terra, and Christian Seulin. "Un modèle de qualité de la vie subjective adapté aux essais thérapeutiques : intérêt chez les patients dépressifs." Santé mentale au Québec 18, no. 2 (September 11, 2007): 49–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032271ar.
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RÉSUMÉ Cet article présente les bases conceptuelles qui ont présidé à l'élaboration d'un questionnaire (« Profil de la Qualité de Vie Subjective » ou « PQVS ») évaluant la qualité de vie subjective des patients en pathologie somatique et psychiatrique. Une description de l'instrument précède les données concernant la validation de ce questionnaire ainsi que les résultats déjà obtenus sur environ 1500 sujets présentant des pathologies différentes. Les premiers résultats montrent qu'à chaque pathologie correspond un profil différent de patients; qu'il est possible, grâce à ce nouvel instrument d'évaluation, de mettre en évidence des changements spécifiques et parfois inattendus chez les patients; et qu'enfin, dans un certain nombre de cas, l'on peut dégager des hypothèses explicatives de ces changements.
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Saifudin, Akhmad, Yuyu Yohana Risagarniwa, Elvi Citraresmana, and Inu Isnaeni Sidiq. "Pengembangan Alat Analisis Humor dalam Komik Jepang." Japanese Research on Linguistics, Literature, and Culture 1, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/jr.v1i2.2502.
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The main objective of this study is to develop a theoretical tool to analyze humorelements in Japanese comic (manga). The authors narrow the definition of “tool” as atheoretical framework that can be used in an inductive research. Developing this tool isof importance since evaluating the quality of humor in comic is difficult and subjective,due to the inclusion of humor as a cognitive and cultural product (Hurley et al, 2011).The authors strongly emphasize that this study was a theoretical review one. Weaimed to develop a theoretical foundation pertaining to semiotic analysis in humorousmanga products. To achieve the aim, we applied qualitative content analysis to buildthe foundation inductively. The authors identify that in order to analyze humor inmanga, Berger’s theory of humor techniques (1976, 1993) can be utilized to explorecomical effect in manga. Furthermore, Wilson and Sperber’s framework (2004) canalso be used to evaluate the context of situation pictured in manga. The former theoryis imperative since it highlights the function of drawing representation to buildhumorous atmosphere, while the latter functions to decode the meaning and purposeof humor created by manga creators. To conclude, a theoretical contribution can bewithdrawn from the discussion in this study. However, to really measure Japanese’scognitive and cultural values of humor expression, further application of this analysistool needs to be established in a wider and more comprehensive set of data.
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Xu, C., V. Byman, J. Hossain, A. Storlåhls, and C. Hedin. "P513 Assessment of quality indicators in The Swedish Inflammatory Bowel Disease Registry (SWIBREG) for Crohn’s Disease treated with biological therapies." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S492—S493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.635.
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Abstract Background The development and clinical application of quality indicators (QI) for IBD are objectives of The Swedish inflammatory bowel disease registry (SWIBREG)(1). These include objective and subjective parameters aiming to standardise IBD care in Sweden(2).We aimed to evaluate QI target attainment at Karolinska University Hospital, and to identify specific patient or disease parameters associated with failure to reach QI targets. Methods QI targets as defined by SWIBREG were analysed in patients with Crohn′s disease undergoing treatment with biologics. A retrospective register-based study included 292 patients who received biological treatment between 2018-08-01 and 2020-01-31. Pediatric Crohn’s patients and patients with a treatment duration <6 months were excluded. Results Faecal Calprotectin (FC) and Haemoglobin (Hb) values were registered for 80% and 86%, respectively. Anaemia prevalence was 30%. Significantly lower monitoring frequencies were observed in patients undergoing treatment with Adalimumab and patients with biological treatment duration >1 year. FC was <250 μg/g in 77% of patients. The QI target for the frequency of Short Health Scale (SHS) registration was met whereas that of Physician Global Assessment (PGA) was not. The QI target for the most recent value of both SHS and PGA were met. Only 70% of smokers, 72% of patients with biological treatment duration >1 year and 52% of adalimumab patients had a registered SHS evaluation. Conclusion Adalimumab treatment, treatment duration and smoking are associated with decreased frequency of registration of QIs. Efforts are needed to ensure quality of care for these groups. A lower rate of PGA monitoring may reflect a lack of capacity for physician assessments and could be complemented with “professional global assessments” by specialist IBD nurses. References 1. Ludvigsson JF, Andersson M, Bengtsson J, Eberhardson M, Fagerberg UL, Grip O, et al. Swedish Inflammatory Bowel Disease Register (SWIBREG) - a nationwide quality register. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2019;54(9):1089–101. 2. Berry SK, Melmed GY. Quality indicators in inflammatory bowel disease. Intest Res. 2018;16(1):43–7.
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Loose, T., M. Guitteny, N. Cornet, F. Salome, V. Pialoux, A. Sauvaget, S. Bulteau, and J. M. Vanelle. "Les déterminants de la qualité de vie subjective des patients diabétiques : un regard biopsychosocial." European Psychiatry 29, S3 (November 2014): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.327.
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La qualité de vie des patients diabétiques est déterminée par un grand nombre de facteurs de type biologique, social et psychologique, qui interagissent ensemble. Le modèle biopsychosocial (BPS), élaboré par Engel dans les années 1980, est basé sur cette notion holistique et interactive. Plus récemment, cette conception a été opérationnalisée sous la forme d’un questionnaire hétéro-évaluatif qui comporte 20 items (outil INTERMED). Même si la notion de conception holistique du bien-être de l’individu diabétique est reconnue dans la pratique clinique, notamment hospitalière, peu de travaux s’intéressant, de manière expérimentale, au bénéfice de ce concept sont disponibles dans la littérature. L’étude présentée a inclus 28 patients diabétiques, hospitalisés en service d’endocrinologie. Chaque participant a donné son consentement écrit, s’est entretenu avec une investigatrice, et a rempli une échelle mesurant la qualité de vie (SF-36). 43 % d’entre eux présentent un haut niveau de complexité BPS, ce qui indique un besoin de prise en charge multidisciplinaire. À travers des analyses de corrélation, il a été démontré que chaque composante de la complexité est associée de manière négative, et statistiquement significative, à la qualité de vie perçue. De plus, la complexité globale permet de mieux expliquer la qualité de vie que la simple prise en compte de n’importe quel facteur local. En pratique, ces résultats soulignent la nécessité de prendre en charge les éléments psychosociaux auprès des patients afin d’assurer au mieux le vécu subjectif de leur état de santé. Des services, tels que la psychiatrie de liaison, deviennent ainsi essentiels dans l’offre de soin holistique et multidisciplinaire.
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Kacmaz, K. S., T. Ünver, and B. Unver. "AB0975 Minimal Clinically Important Difference of Total Knee Artroplasty Patient-Reported Outcome Measures." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1614.1–1614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1795.
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BackgroundTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the commonest operations performed for end-stage osteoarthritis. Patient-reported outcome scales (PROMs) are optimal measures of the patient’ aspects of their current condition and response to treatment. However, a statistically significant change does not always mean or create an effect that clinically meaningful. Clinicians can use a greater change than minimal clinically important difference (MCID) value as a meaningful change in patients with TKA [1]. Nevertheless, there are variations in MCID values in studies analyzing the same outcome measures or patient populations.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to create a global summary of literature of the MCID for PROMs for TKA.MethodsA comprehensive literature search administered using PubMed database from their years of inception to January 2022. Original articles calculating MCID of PROMs for TKA were identified, and the full texts of these publications, as well as their bibliographies were reviewed. Keywords included “outcome scale,” “TKA,” and “MCID.”ResultsThis review examined 43 studies, in which 15 different outcome scales were administered to patients with TKA. MCIDs of the PROMs had distinct value or measurement process depending on the patients and clinical context. Distribution-based and anchor-based approaches were the most commonly used methods for calculating MCID. According to the analysis’; the WOMAC, KOOS, SF-12 and KSS were the most commonly used scales and there were so little research regarding the MCID of outcome instruments for TKA.ConclusionThe reporting of outcomes in TKA were traditionally focused on implant survivorship and objective outcomes such as radiographic alignment, range of motion and, knee stability. However, patients and clinicans can have different perceptions of outcome, especially in the domains of subjective quality of life [2]. Therefore, it is recommended to use a combination of both objective and subjective measures to assess outcomes after TKA.In general, a wide range of MCID values was observed according to the scales. This can be due to the heterogenity in patient’ clinical conditions recruited for the studies. Apart from the differences, MCIDs of the Oxford Knee Score and KOOS were lower than the WOMAC score therefore we can interpret that they are more sensitive as an outcome scale.However, the MCID values must be interpreted in light of all variables, including the participants which were administered to. Each method for determining MCID has advantages and disadvantages, and the best way to calculate an MCID is to combine the results of both methods. The MCID is not flawless in detecting a clinically significant change, as sensitivity and specificity play a role.References[1]Tubach F, Ravaud P, Beaton D et al. Minimal clinically important improvement and patient acceptable symptom state for subjective outcome measures in rheumatic disorders. 2007; 34: 1188-1193.[2]Zacharia B, Paul M, Thanveeruddin Sherule M. Patient-based outcome analysis is important to determine the success of total knee arthroplasty: result of a focus group discussion. Med Devices (Auckl) 2016; 9: 125-130.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Schreiber, S., B. Feagan, L. Peyrin-Biroulet, S. Vermeire, M. Faes, K. Harris, A. Oortwijn, P. Daniele, H. Patel, and S. Danese. "OP07 Exploring disease control by combining clinical, biological, and health-related quality of life remission with endoscopic improvements among Ulcerative Colitis patients treated with filgotinib: A post-hoc analysis from the SELECTION trial." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 16, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2022): i007—i008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab232.006.
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Abstract Background For patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), both subjectively and objectively reported measures are equally important treatment goals. We explored clinical, biological, HRQoL remission and endoscopic improvements as a combined endpoint (CE) from SELECTION (NCT02914522), a phase 2b/3 double-blind trial which assessed the efficacy and safety of filgotinib, a once-daily, oral, Janus 1 kinase preferential inhibitor, for the treatment of UC. Methods In SELECTION, patients with moderately to severely active UC were randomized 2:2:1 to 200mg filgotinib (FIL200), 100mg filgotinib, or placebo (PBO) for an 11-week induction phase followed by a 47-week maintenance period in patients who achieved clinical remission or response.1 We defined a CE as achieving all of the following: 1) clinical remission defined as partial Mayo Score (excluding endoscopy domain) ≤2 and no sub-score >1), 2) biological remission defined as faecal calprotectin <150 µg/g endoscopic improvement defined as Mayo endoscopic sub-score ≤1), 3) Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) remission defined as IBDQ >170 and 4) endoscopic improvement defined as Mayo endoscopic sub-score ≤1). We evaluated the CE among patients treated with FIL200 vs placebo in induction (week 10) and maintenance (week 58) phases. Among those achieving the CE, we analysed MCID improvement during induction and decline during maintenance on generic QoL instruments (36-item short-form questionnaire and EuroQol 5-dimension [EQ5D]).2,3,4 Results Overall population included 381 biologic-naïve and 401 biologic-experienced patients undergoing induction, of which 297 subsequently entered maintenance. A higher proportion of patients receiving FIL200 achieved CE than PBO by week 10 in the biologic-naïve induction cohort (17.6% vs 4.41%, p<0.001) and by week 58 in the maintenance cohort (22.1% vs 7.14%, p=0.002) (Table 1). Biologic-naïve CE achievers had higher MCID improvement across all generic QoL scales and domains (Table 2). Patients achieving CE in maintenance experienced a lower proportion of MCID decline in EQ5D utility, and visual analogue scale. Conclusion Treatment with filgotinib resulted in a higher proportion of patients with combined clinical, biological, HRQoL remission and endoscopic improvements. Among patients achieving this combined composite endpoint, clinically meaningful improvements were observed in their overall quality of life. Holistic assessment of several subjective and objective measures may help achieve better outcomes in UC. References 1. Feagan BF, et al. Lancet 2021;397:2372–84. 2. User’s manual for the sf-36v2 health survey. Quality Metric, Inc; 2009. 3. Stark RG, et al. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2010 Jan;16(1):42–51. 4. Irvine EJ. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1999 Apr;28(4):S23–27.
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Kohl, D. M., R. L. Monson, L. E. Enwall, and J. J. Rutledge. "187 INCREASED NUMBER OF EXPANDED BOVINE BLASTOCYSTS IN SOF AND CR1 RELATIVE TO KSOM." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 19, no. 1 (2007): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv19n1ab187.
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Assessment of morphological stage grade is a subjective procedure. Stage grade is of vital importance to, among other things, recipient synchrony for the purpose of establishing successful pregnancies. Asynchronous embryo transfer has led to decreases in pregnancy rates (Farin et al. 1995 Biol. Reprod. 52, 676–682) and has been implicated in contributing to large offspring syndrome (Young et al. 1996 Theriogenology 45, 231). Differences in embryo kinetics based on culture conditions have been well documented (Mello et al. 2005 Reprod. Fert. Dev. 17, 221 abst). Whether such differences are the result of species, breed, metabolic stress, sire effects, or separation from an in vivo environment has yet to be determined. The correlation between oxygen respiration rates and embryo morphology as well as embryo diameter in bovine embryos produced in vitro has shown promise in the development of a more objective predictor of embryo quality and perhaps pregnancy initiation (Lopes et al. 2005 Reprod. Fert. Dev. 17, 151 abst). As well, recent examination of gene expression patterns of in vitro-derived bovine embryos seems to indicate that longer periods of in vitro culture are associated with lower rates of embryo survival (Lonergan et al. 2006 Theriogenology 65, 137–152). We hypothesize that differences do exist in the number, rate, and morphological appearance of blastocysts and that these parameters are in large part based on culture conditions in vitro. The objective of this experiment was to determine the timing and distribution of blastocyst formation of in vitro-produced bovine embryos cultured in SOF8, CR18AA, and KSOM8, under a standard incubation environment. Bovine ovaries from a local abattoir were aspirated and matured for 18-22. Oocytes were fertilized with frozen-thawed Percoll-separated semen from a Holstein bull. Presumptive zygotes were vortexed to remove cumulus cells and placed into 3 different culture media in a highly humidified atmosphere containing 20% oxygen, 5% carbon dioxide, and compressed air at 38.5�C. Embryos were evaluated specifically at 168 h post-insemination (Day 7) and assigned a morphological stage grade (IETS) to determine fixed time point differences. A total of 6 complete replicates were performed. Only embryos exhibiting the presence of a blastocoel at this time were documented (early blast, mid-blast, expanded blast). At 168 h post-insemination, there were no significant differences in the total number of embryos reaching early or mid-blast stage in any of the media. However, chi-square analysis revealed an increase in the number of expanded blastocysts in SOF (n = 813) and CR1 (n = 838) treatments compared to KSOM (n = 824; P < 0.0001). Expanded blastocysts in SOF were also greater in number than in CR1 (P < 0.05). Embryo selection based on development to the expanded blastocyst stage on Day 7 may prove useful in increasing pregnancy rates, and may validate qualitative correlations based on oxygen consumption and gene expression profiles for embryos produced in vitro.
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Waldegrave, Charles, and Chris Phillipson. "Social Exclusion and Material Disadvantage: Housing, Poverty, and Living Standards Impacts." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2506.
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Abstract SRPP 2020 Ollie Randall Symposium Award Winner. Many of the detrimental effects of material disadvantage on the lives of citizens have been well understood by public health and social scientists, and post-World War II social protection polices were designed to mitigate the negative impacts of them. As the numbers of older people increase proportionally to the rest of the population in most countries, less is known about the exclusionary impacts of material disadvantage and the roles housing, poverty and living standards play on the health, well-being and social connections of their lives. This symposium draws together research emanating out of four countries Norway, Poland, Ireland and New Zealand that are part of the European COST Action 15122 Reducing Old-Age Social Exclusion: Collaborations in Research and Policy (ROSEnet). The papers present contemporary results of specific health well-being and social impacts of material disadvantage in the four quite different countries and assesses them through the lens of social exclusion. As the growing international evidence during the last decade has highlighted the negative health and well-being impacts of loneliness and social disconnection (Holt-Lunstad et. al. 2015), the role of housing, poverty and living standards has in creating social exclusion is less well known. This research analyses the subjective and objective experiences of material disadvantage and quantifies their exclusionary impacts on well-being (e.g. quality of life, loneliness), health functioning (mental and physical) and their challenges to macro-structures (e.g. government policies, social protection).
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Lançon, C., V. Aghababian, R. Richieri, L. Boyer, M. C. Simenoni, and P. Auquier. "Insight et qualité de vie subjective chez les personnes souffrant de schizophrénie." Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 169, no. 7 (August 2011): 429–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amp.2011.06.019.
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Ruiller, Caroline, Beatrice Van Der Heijden, Frédérique Chedotel, and Marc Dumas. "“You have got a friend”." Team Performance Management: An International Journal 25, no. 1/2 (March 11, 2019): 2–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tpm-11-2017-0069.
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Purpose As a way to enable employees to work distantly, teleworking has gained a growing interest in companies. At the same time, management challenges regarding the teleworkers’ risk of isolation, coupled with the need to maintain cohesion for the dispersed team, to give an example, are various. How can management practices help to maintain adequate levels of perceived proximity for a dispersed team’s members? The purpose of this paper is to answer this question. Referring to a particular person’s perception of how close or how far another person is, the concept of perceived proximity is mobilized. This Telecom case study is based on 22 interviews with human resources directors, managers and teleworkers. While the results of this study appear to corroborate empirically the theoretical model as proposed by O’Leary et al. (2014), they also propose nuances, highlighting the importance of the interpersonal relationship to expand the perceived proximity and stressing the need for both distant and face-to-face exchanges. They also help to understand which management practices can influence perceived proximity. In particular, they help to understand the role of communication and collective identity and support the importance of the e-leader. Finally, the results highlight two remote management modes that will be discussed elaborately. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a single in-depth case study of Telecom as a unique case study; it is useful to analyze new and complex phenomena for which theoretical development is emerging and the consideration of the context is essential (Yin, 2013). In total, 22 interviews were conducted with the human resources directors, managers and teleworkers. Lasting between 40 and 130 min each, the interviews were all fully transcribed and analyzed using an iterative thematic content analysis. The authors first manually analyzed the data on the basis of the social regulation theory to interpret the local and the combined regulation (that is say to how the managers and the teleworkers co-build the rules to work being distant) the telework implied between managers, teleworkers and their co-workers (Authors, 2018). Two emerging codes led the authors to reinterpret the data, compared to the initial interpretative framework. The authors thus transformed the coding and recoded the 22 interviews (Bacharach et al., 2000, p. 713; cited by Gibbert et al. 2010, p. 58) around the objective/subjective working time and information and communication technology (ICT) use and the perceived proximity: shared identity and perceived proximity, and communication and perceived proximity. Findings First, the level of ICT use and the accompanying objective and subjective perceptions with regard to working time are reported and positive perceptions for the employees are determined because of the timing flexibility the ICT determines. Second, the ICT use is presented in relation to the managerial and collegial proximity perceived. Third, the authors discuss the shared identity processes that influence the proximity perceived, followed by the characteristics of the communication process, being the fourth one. As such, the results lead to a valuable input that enables to critically reflect on the e-leader roles, resulting in two emerging management modes seen as a continuum in terms of shared identity: the “e-communicational” mode signals the re-foundation of management in situations of distance based on the personality of the e-leader that influences the team members in terms of communicational and organizational behaviors; and the control management mode that is based upon objectives in a situation of being distant, illustrated by managers who regulate the work made by the distant team in monitoring the objectives without sharing the experience of telework. Research limitations/implications The results corroborate empirically with the theoretical model by Boyer O’Leary et al. (2014), while putting into perspective the complexity to manage the inter-subjectivity that is related to distance. More specifically, the results show that even if the ICT use leads to a new balance regarding time management for teleworkers – increasing their quality of life perceptions, with a better organizational flexibility – that is to say, a “win-win” configuration, the ultimate success of such a configuration depends on sound management practices. In this sense, the authors propose to enrich their model (Figure 3, p. 33). More extensive research will test two new moderating variables. At first, the results put in evidence the core role of e-management (e-communicational vs control), with a potential moderator effect on the relationship between objective distance and shared identification, on the one hand, and communication, on the other hand. Another result is the potential moderator effect of the ICT use on the relationship between perceived proximity and relationship quality. The nuances proposed support some recent studies arguing that distant communication (versus face-to-face) may inhibit geographically distributed team performance without consideration of the way the teams use ICT to ensure their cohesion and performance (Malhotra and Majchrzak, 2014). Practical implications These conclusions result into important management recommendations to support dispersed teams with how to cope with challenges such as the risk of delayed communication, possible misinterpretations, limited information richness and great conflicts (Zuofa and Ochieng, 2017). Originality/value Compared to the unique empirical application of the Boyer O’Leary et al.’s framework (2014), who found no differences existing in terms of proximity perceived with the study of 341 “geographically present” dyads with 341 “geographically distant,” this study’s results show that the construction of the feeling of proximity depends on a fragile balance between virtual and face-to-face exchanges. The authors also highlight the role of an e-leader in this regard and identify and compare two modes of remote management.
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Bruckner, H. W., V. R. Hrehorovich, and P. Degregorio. "Laboratory based low dose combination chemotherapy + bevacizumab for recurrent refractory and unresectable gastric cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 14133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.14133.
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14133 Twenty consecutive prospectively registered patients with refractory or Stage IV gastric cancer were treated with GFLIP (Bruckner el al ASCO 2002;2005). The last 10 upon relapse were treated with GFL[OX]T and Bevacizumab, substituting oxaliplatin (OX) 30→40 mg/M2, taxotere (T) 30→40 mg/M2 for cisplatin in the q2wk schedule. One or both regimens produced; objective responses for 15 patients including 5 complete (radiologic, tumor markers, PET responses) and 2 surgical downstaging resulting in resection or successful completion surgery; 3 patients had stable disease greater than 4 months with subjective benefit, gemcitabine was given at 400→500 mg/M2 as tolerated (→), 2 failed both regimens. One-year actuarial survival was 75%, two-year survival was 25%. All 20 lived more than six months. The level of activity, multiple crossover responses, responses with both regimens, a number of long remissions (long survival after 5FU cisplatin and GFLIP failed) and clinical downstaging allowing further surgery identify both regimens either individually or in sequence as deserving systematic investigation. The utility of low doses (responses), unusual clinical benefits, quality of life and safety offer possible advantages compared to standard dose regimens.This strategy appears to reduce and delay the limiting toxicity of the irinotecan (I) 80 mg/M2, cisplatin (P) 40 mg/M2 OX/T which are conventionally treatment limiting drugs. The regimens were designed based on laboratory evidence of low dose drug interaction including reversal of resistance to conventional drugs (applicable to both pancreatic and gastric cancer (Janat et al, Amer Asso Cancer Res 1999). After clinical demonstrations of high response rates and reversal of resistance against refractory pancreatic cancer (Bruckner et al, AntiCancer Res and ASCO 2005). The regimens were offered to patients with recurrent previously treated and refractory gastric cancer and then based on initial exceptional responses to high risk patients with poor prognosis due to clinical complications of their gastric cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Chan, Sunny, Wai Chi Chan, Siu Man Ng, and Chong Ho Alex Yu. "Mindfulness Meditation and Tai Chi Chuan on Sleep Disturbance in Chinese Older People: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 188–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.610.
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Abstract Sleep disturbances are common during the aging process and can result in a reduced quality of life. Many older people who experience sleep disturbances would consider turning to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) due to the limitations of traditional pharmaceutical or psychological and behavioural treatments. Mindfulness Meditation (MM) and Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) are two common forms of mind-body based CAM. The former focuses more on mind-based practices whereas the latter emphasizes predominantly on body or movement-based practices. An etiological model of sleep disturbance (Shallcross et al., 2019) can lay the groundwork for a better understanding of the mechanisms of MM and TCC in relation to sleep disturbances. This study aims at comparing the effects of MM and TCC with Sleep Hygiene Education (SHE) control group. A three-armed randomized controlled pilot trial was conducted involving 45 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 82 with symptoms of sleep disturbance. Moderate effect sizes (Cohen’s d = 0.7 and 0.56) were found for the primary outcome of insomnia severity at post-intervention as comparing MM and TCC groups with SHE control group, respectively. More specific, participants in the MM group showed more amelioration on mental health status, introspective awareness, and objective measure of EEG-based brain arousal level; whereas participants in the TCC group showed better improvement on physical health status and subjective measure of hyperarousal. Findings demonstrate the unique therapeutic effects of MM and TCC on improving sleep problem in older people. The application in a Chinese context will be discussed.
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Grihom, Marie-José, A. Laflaquiere, and A. Ducousso-Lacaze. "L’elaboration subjective des liens en question. Représentation des liens de parenté au génogramme." Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental 5, no. 4 (December 2002): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-47142002004004.
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L’auteur propose d’aborder l’éventuelle “nouveauté” des liens familiaux pour la psyché à partir de ce que des enfants-sujets peuvent en élaborer subjectivement. Il développe l’idée selon laquelle la qualité de l’élaboration subjective des liens de parenté au génogramme est significative de la manière dont le sujet subjective sa position instituée et sa place inconsciente dans le lien avec l’autre. Il ressort au travers d’une situation clinique que les modes de tension entre connaissance et représentation des liens sont significatifs du travail de l’Oedipe chez le sujet.
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Vast, Dimitri, Nicolas Ribeiro, Yannick Gounden, and Véronique Quaglino. "Qualité subjective de sommeil chez les étudiants : investigation des horaires et des parasomnies." Médecine du Sommeil 17, no. 1 (March 2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msom.2019.12.084.
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