Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Qualité de l'enseignement – Mali'
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Traoré, Moussa Khoré. "La gouvernance locale dans le secteur de l'Education au Mali." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL2004.
Full textThis thesis tackles the question of the local governance on the sector of the education in Mali. She propose an economic analysis of the mechanisms by which the public authorities imply the local actors (territorial collectivities, communities, services decentralized and decentralized by the state, the NGO) in the management and the offer of public services (education), while making a contribution of the problems of the local governance of the education. It is structured in three chapters, whit as frame of analysis the economy of the education, the economy of the development and the institutional economy.The first chapter gives to an overview of the Malian education system through some key indicators (rough rate of schooling, rate net schooling…) and its major characteristics of which inequalities of access. It also measure the weight of the sector of the education in the Malian economy in terms of educational public spending and analyzes quantitatively and qualitatively the educational offer before identifying the factors which influence the request for education of the families.The second chapter clarifies concept of the local governance and its evolution in particular in the sector education. It analyzes the management of the Malian education system between reform and transfer of competence and of responsibilities with the local actors, the mechanisms of coordination’s and cooperation’s. It deciphers the logics of approval of the governance of the education at the local level thanks to a study of ground led in the region of Kayes, Koulikoro, Segou, Sikasso and the district of Bamako near the local actors. The third chapter analyzes the stakes and the challenge of the governance local as strategy of educational development. He makes contribution to the problems of the governance of education by the local actors. It analyzes the contribution of those to the improvement of the educational offer and the schooling of the children during the period 2004-2011. Then, through an econometric application of the given of panel, it estimates the effects of the improvement of the school offer on the evolution of children. Lastly, this chapter evaluates the development of education at the local level through the index of educational development (IDE). In the term of our reflection, we consider that the local governance is an asset to improve certain educational indicators, in particular the rate of access, the rate of schooling, the school rate of retention, the school cover of country etc. for as much, it only the local governance could not satisfy or take up all the educational challenges, as well in their quantitative dimension as in their qualitative dimension
Touré, Harouna. "L'école primaire au Mali : fonctionnement et qualité de l'éducation." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOL018.
Full textRoy, Émilie. "Les Médersas du Mali : l'influence arabe sur l'enseignement islamique moderne." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18783.
Full textTallec, Fabien. "Rôle de l'action collective dans la construction de la qualité dans une filière agro-alimentaire : analyse des différentes formes de coordination des commerçants de la filière des céréales sèches au Mali." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS025S.
Full textImproving the quality has become one of the stakes in agro-commodity chains. In developing countries, this process has sped up in the last twenty-two years because of the liberalization of the agricultural sector and the market segmentation. In these countries, improvement of the quality is subdued to specific constraints. First of all, states have neither the ability nor the credibility to support official norms of quality. Secondly, variability of the agro-climatic conditions leads to a large heterogeneity of the quality of the agricultural production. This thesis focuses on the coordination of economic agents of these commodity chains for the improvement and validation of their quality, including these different constraints. The framework is along the line of a neo-institutional economic way of thinking and uses the theory of transaction cost and the theory of collective action. In this case, the quality is as an endogenous variable and depends on the governance of agricultural chains. The analysis of the non-irrigated cereal chains in Mali shows a symbiotic relationship between the vertical coordination (linked with the traditional networks) and the horizontal coordination (using the collective action between the bosses of the networks) in improving the quality. The study case of three traders’ groups displays their efficiency when they are located in the pivotal role of commodity chains. The approach by the collective action in the three different devices underlines the determining factors to improve the quality
Roy, Emilie. "Les Médersas du Mali : l'influence arabe sur l'enseignement islamique moderne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24140/24140.pdf.
Full textBasbous, Houda. "Leadership et qualité dans l'enseignement supérieur : cas du Liban." Corte, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CORT1047.
Full textThis study is a reflexion on the Lebaneese economy which needs a lot of improovement to be developped. We have chosen the University Management because of his importance and succes in this respect. The role of the university in the studies, the evaluations, the informations transmitted and the developpement in technology which is needed for the social progress of the economy. The individual benefit is essential for the companies and affect positively in the higher technics of « enseignement ». The study is limited to a questioner transmitted for the university leaders in Lebanon with litterature support. We also made interviews with some strangers academics partners who were visiting Lebanon. The main question was about the concept of Leadership and the quality of course inside the university
Guedj, Pierre. "L'enseignement supérieur en Afrique : instrument de développement ou facteur de désintegration ? Une étude de cas : le Mali (1960-1985)." Tours, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOUR2009.
Full textHigher education in Africa is often confronted with severe problems mainly due to the difficulties that postgraduates find in inserting themselves in a hybrid and poorly diversified economy. This situation is particularly revealing in Mali. A study of evolution of higher education in this country in a span of twenty years shows that the ratio between supply and demand was adequate for the first ten years where as the second tenyear period shows a serious deterioration in the higer educational field, in spite of an original educational reform adapted to the country. This situation is all the more alarming as education at this level proves to be very costly as well as inadequate. This will be shown clearly by a quantitative analysis made from the naional budget and a qualitative analysis giving details of the situation in the schools for higher education themselves. Is such a heavy financial burden on the country of any real use? What are the remedies at hand? Modifications such as the creation of shorter higher education programs, self-financing projects. . . Are necessary and urgent but the consequential effects of such measures on the social system have to be considered carefully. In the end, the decision is in the hands of the politicians
Mariko, Ousmane. "L'insertion professionnelle des diplômés de l'enseignement supérieur au Mali : cas de la politique d'aide à l'entrepreneuriat." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839617.
Full textLeclercq, François. "Qualité de l'enseignement et demande d'éducation élémentaire en Inde du Nord rurale." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010011.
Full textBedos, Elsa. "L'enjeu de la qualité dans l'enseignement supérieur saoudien : l'instrumentation de l'action publique." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0029.
Full textSaudi higher education has undergone major changes since the 2000s. They led in particular to the creation of a new public institution: the National Commission for Academic Assessment and Accreditation. This reform came after Saudi Arabian higher education was defined as a public problem, following the attacks of September 11, 2001.The public action developed by this institution was built from the appropriation of notions and tools borrowed from outside Saudi Arabia, including "learning outcomes". This international appeal has led to a strengthening of the proximity of Saudi higher education with the hegemonic world (United States and Europe). The analysis of the introduction of this reform in a university - Alpha Uni - shows the impact of this public policy on this organization : the tensions and opportunities that are created, the redistribution of power between certain actors, the reorganization of certain professional relationships . This analysis provides an insight into the intricacy of instrumental reform, the process of bureaucratization and the modalities of government. The Saudi Arabian higher education reform through evaluation and accreditation sheds light on the implementation of New Public Management (NPM) in a country where this doctrine has not been developed.In a government in which forms of political and moral control are being implemented, the diffusion of the NPM, by developing a formal control over the faculty through the proliferation of writings and procedures, has contributed to loosening political control
Diarra, Kalis. "Environnement, conditions de vie et systèmes de santé à Bamako (Mali) : éléments d'une géographie de la santé en milieu urbain." Bordeaux 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR30016.
Full textBamako on over by its sites and its location, the frenc colonizers who decided to settle there from 1883, however its seducted even more a great part of the continent by becoming very "the most beautiful capital in west africa". But bamako "the beautiful" transformed itself even into bamako "the ugly", an almost sprawling town, repulsive in places. In less then three decades, the rythms of expansion of the urban space has been much quicker than that of the public equipements. From then on, the authorities over taken by the situation and the indiferrent populations were faced with acute planning and development problems. . . Due to its role as main national center, the town distinguiches itself from the rest of the country by the humerous and important however it expresses the same epidemiological, profile dominated by tropical illnesses and diseasses. Facing such a situation, integrated actions should be one of the main strategies of struggle to be given a greater place
Diarra, Abdramane. "Le Curriculum Bilingue dans l'enseignement fondamental au Mali : Etat des lieux de sa mise en œuvre." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALL019.
Full textThis thesis analyses a bilingual model of education in Mali designated ) by the administration of National Education as « Curriculum Bilingue » (Bilingual Curriculum. This model, in which national languages are central, is part of a series of reforms destined to imporve the efficacy of the education system. It involves offering learners the possibility of using their first language in order to build knowledge and competency in French (which progressively becomes the sole language of instruction) and in other non linguistic disciplines. In Mali, our field for the research undertaken, several phases of bilingual teaching have been experimented since 1960 with the advent of Independence, opening the way for « l’Expérimentation de Première Génération » (First Generation Experimentation), and then « la Pédagogie Convergente » (Convergent Pedagogy).At present, the « Curriculum Bilingue » has been generalised in schools in Mali since 2005, after the initial experimentations. Ethnographical research methods in situ including interviews with the actors involved (teachers and adminstrative personnel) as well as observation of classes at the primary level, have been employed to examine the extent to which this bilingual model is implemented in schools. A methodical analysis highlights the complexity of the institutional and didactic factors at play. Whilst the results reveal considerable institutional obstacles, they do shed light on the way in which teachers adhere to and approve of the bilingual mode of teaching. The language of the region studied, bamanankan, is pivotal in their motivated pedagogical practices despite inadequate teacher training. This research highlights the social issues at stake with bilingual education and opens new highly pertinent didactic perspectives for the Sahel region worth pursuing in the future
Ky, Abdoulaye. "La décision de quitter l'enseignement chez les maîtres du premier cycle du secteur public en République du Mali : le cas des maîtres du premier cycle du secteur public du district de Bamako." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29128.
Full textCoulibaly, Zouanso. "L'évolution de l'enseignement et de la formation des enseignants du primaire au Burkina Faso (1903-1935) : La qualité de l'enseignement primaire en question." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL12009.
Full textOur approach in this study is both critical and historical. First of all, there has been a period of limitation of the academic standards compared with the mother country until the end of the second world war. The matter was to train less qualified temporary civil servants and middle executives to back the colonial rulers up. After the creation of the union francaise in 1946, there has been a gradual setting up of the same programmes, diplomas and school structures in west africa as in france since there was a need to train more middle and senior executives for the economic development of the colonial territory. After the independance in 1960, the same school policy has been implemented by the political leaders in upper volta before it has been questioned in the 1970s. From that time, budgets have been revised downwards for all the school department, particulary for the five school masters' training centres there were only two centres left until 1985. The present time school policy aims, first of all, at expanding the primary school teaching. But the shortage of the financial ressources leads to various strategies such as the reduction of the school masters' training period from two years to one (1985-91), the unofficial engagement of teachers without training. . . So that the quality of the primary school teaching has become very worrying. Added to that, many other difficulties have to be taken into account such as the programmes and the time tables, the overnumbering of the classes, the poor equipement of the classes and of the pupils, the lack of authership of the pupils when at home,. . . All things considered, the responsibilities of the political leaders, of the teachers, of the parents and of the pupils themselves are all committed in the quality of teaching
Tremblay, Philippe. "Evaluation de la qualité de deux dispositifs scolaires - l'enseignement spécialisé de type 8 et l'inclusion dans l'enseignement ordinaire - destinés à des élèves de l'enseignement primaire ayant des difficultés-troubles d'apprentissage." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210091.
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Le premier dispositif a été mis en place dans le cadre d’une recherche-action menée en Communauté française de Belgique se proposant d’implémenter et de pérenniser un dispositif d’intégration/inclusion scolaire. Le second dispositif évalué est constitué de classes de l’enseignement spécialisé de type 8. Les deux dispositifs étudiés s’adressent à la même population, celle d’enfants ayant des troubles/difficultés d’apprentissage et orientés vers l’enseignement spécialisé de type 8.
Nous avons procédé à l’évaluation de la qualité de huit expériences d’inclusion en école primaire et de treize classes d’enseignement spécialisé de type 8. Ces expériences débutaient en 1re année (CP) dans une classe d’enseignement ordinaire (de 12 à 22 élèves) où étaient intégrés 3 à 7 élèves relevant de l’enseignement spécialisé de type 8.
Les résultats présentés reprennent les deux premières années de cette évaluation. À l’analyse de ces différentes dimensions, nous constatons que cette évaluation de la qualité des deux dispositifs comparés est nécessairement à nuancer. Au regard de l’analyse des différentes dimensions et indicateurs pris en considération dans la présente recherche, le dispositif inclusif et celui d’enseignement spécialisé de type 8 se montrent globalement comparables sur les composantes de base (population, objectifs et ressources). Toutefois, ils se différencient fondamentalement par le contexte dans lequel ils se déploient et par la configuration du travail collaboration entre professionnels (co-enseignement et co-intervention). Les résultats montrent des effets légèrement plus positifs en faveur des élèves inclus, surtout en lecture/écriture. Toutefois, la taille de notre échantillon, le caractère de la recherche (recherche-action), des indicateurs contradictoires, etc. ne nous permettent pas de généraliser nos résultats.
De plus, le modèle multidimensionnel d’évaluation de la qualité demande à être interrogé au niveau de son opérationnalisation pour rechercher une plus grande validité, fiabilité et sensibilité. Cependant, ce relativisme ne doit pas occulter le fait que si nous ne pouvons nous prononcer de manière claire envers l’un ou l’autre dispositif, la présente recherche-action a sans doute permis de mieux comprendre les deux dispositifs étudiés et l’émergence d’une configuration originale et crédible de ressources permettant l’inclusion de ces élèves en enseignement ordinaire.
Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Guedj, Pierre. "L'Enseignement supérieur en Afrique instrument de développement ou facteur de désintégration ? une étude de cas, le Mali, 1960-1985." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375980558.
Full textSavina, Marie-Dominique. "Marché de la formation et qualité : le cas de l'enseignement professionnel et technique privé au Bénin." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50374-1998-231.pdf.
Full textAbbas, Moussa. "Production et contrôle qualité dans l'enseignement des langues : quel rôle pour l'inspecteur de français en Algérie?" Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA152.
Full textAfter winning the challenge of schooling, the algerian educational system has been engaged for ten years in structural and teaching method reform to improve the quality of its teaching. The statistical and qualitative analysis of the results obtained at the end of the compulsory cycle exams, with regard to the tests, programs and french textbooks, suggets that this bet isn’t yet won. In the dynamic of this transformation, french educational inspector is called to play a more decisive role in the production and the quality control of teaching.From a field survey that establishes an uncompromising survey of the conditions to exercise this function, this study proposes a new role and new ways for improving quality in this field
Mariko, Mamadou. "Qualité des soins et demande des services de santé : application des modèles à choix discrets pour Bamako (Mali)." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF10206.
Full textWith the 1980’s financial crisis which gas aggravated the poor economic trends and budget cuts in the health sector, policy makers in many developing countries have been constrained to introduce user fees. The main lesson to date from experiences in cost recovery is that without visible and fairly immediate improvements in the quality of care provided, increasing demand will not support the implementation of user fees. To examine the role of quality of health care in the utilization of health services, recent studies have been shown some limitations in that the measures of quality have been restricted at only structural attributes (drugs, equipment, number and qualifications of staff, and so on). While these attributes are necessary, they are not sufficient to increase the demand. One of the originalities of this study is that it considers also process attributes of quality of care to analyze simultaneously the influence of price and quality on health care demand. A nested multinomial logit (NML) is used to study the choice between six alternatives (no modern consultation, informal modern practitioner, public hospital, public dispensary, profit facility and non-profit facility). The estimations of this model are based on data from 984 patients in 1191 households and data from a stratified random sample of 42 facilities out 84 facilities identified. The results indicate that omitting attributes of process of care from the demand model leads to biased estimates of the price effect as well as the impact of some structural attributes of the quality (for instance, the number of practitioner). The simulations suggest the any government program which emphasizes regular supplying of generic drugs (less expensive), and training and sensitization of medical personnel to improve process quality in facilities would increase considerably the demand in spite of increasing user fees
Skaff, Danielle. "Innovation et réforme de l'enseignement supérieur au Liban." Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIME002/document.
Full textThe evolution of the university's mission over the years has led many countries to undertake far-reaching reforms in their higher education system to further contribute to economic and social development.Thus, it seems inevitable to take interest in the university governance in Lebanon and its contribution to the enrichment of the business environment. Hence, the main question of our research: which relevant models of governance should Lebanese private universities adopt in order to improve professional integration?Knowing that there is only one public university in Lebanon, our methodology consisted in evaluating the current governance practices of two universities, one following a Francophone system, the other Anglophone, benchmarking, conducting surveys and interviews in order to identify the best practices in governance that could contribute to the improvement of the employability.Our results show that even though universities with the Anglophone system appear to perform better than the francophone ones, however, all Lebanese universities are characterized by significant weaknesses in terms of governance arrangements.In conclusion, in a rather complex and unusual context, where politics, sectarianism and corruption reign, our study shows the inability to adopt only one adequate model of governance for all the Lebanese universities, but rather to propose a better practice of the mechanisms of governance. We have made recommendations to the concerned parties and expressed wishes to the government in order to achieve a better professional integration
Riou, Jerôme. "Étude de l'influence de l'enseignement du code alphabétique sur la qualité des apprentissages des élèves de cours préparatoire." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL024/document.
Full textOur doctoral research focuses on the influence of phonics instruction on first-grade students’ progress. Its purpose is to identify effective teaching practices and to contribute to the training of teachers. This research is part of a larger study conducted by Roland Goigoux, which aimed to assess the influence of reading and writing on the quality of learning.The first part of our research examines causal relationships between the characteristics of phonics instruction and students’ performances in decoding and spelling. First, we study the influence of the speed of teaching of grapheme-phoneme relationships (tempo) and of the decodable part of texts used to teach reading (rendement effectif). Our results reveal a significant influence of these two variables on the quality of learning, this influence being different according to students’ initial levels. Besides, we propose a planning of the phonics instruction based on the theoretical frequency of the grapheme-phoneme correspondences in texts written in standard French which can serve as references for the teachers. We also study the effects of the teaching time allocated to encoding tasks on reading achievement, effects which appear to be significant and positive but which vary according to the nature of the tasks and to students’ characteristics.In the second part of our dissertation, we attempt to analyze and document teaching practices of experienced first-grade teachers for training purposes. We analyze a reference situation of the teaching of reading and writing from the video recordings of thirty six collective sessions of reading. Then, we describe prototypical teaching scenarios and lay the foundations for a training intended to develop the professional skills of the teachers. Specifically, we raise the issue of the relationship between the resolution of decoding and understanding tasks and the autonomy that decoding success afforded the students. We finally present the digital platform we designed, which allows calculating the decodable part of texts used during reading instruction. This platform named Anagraph has been designed to help teachers plan the study of the grapheme-phoneme correspondences and to choose texts adapted to their teaching
Cisse, Aissata. "La généralisation des Centres d'éducation pour le développement au Mali : problèmes et perspectives." Thesis, Amiens, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AMIE0014/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to evaluate the results and to analyze the achievements obtained after eight years of implementation of the Center of Education for Development (CED) in order to identify the major problems that arise in their functioning And suggest ways to improve these structures. To achieve this, a bibliography on the subject was prepared and 12-month field surveys were carried out in two phases.In terms of data collection in the field, locally and regionally, we have made a reasoned sample of thirty-five EDC locations across much of Mali where we met with members of the management committees, Community authorities and educators. In a dozen EDCs, we attended educators' performances.In some localities we held interviews with Directors of CAP (Center d'Animation Pédagogique) of mayors, representatives of the State, those of Plan Mali, ACODEP (Support for Decentralized Communities for Participative Development) The Youth Employment Agency (APEJ) and the Group of Educators without Borders (GREF). The study has reached a number of results relating to many problems in the operation of the centers
Navoyan, Arayik. "Gouvernance et assurance qualité dans l'enseignement supérieur arménien : entre l'héritage soviétique, le processus de Bologne et les réformes récentes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB197/document.
Full textThe Soviet heritage, the recent developments in the sphere of Armenian higher education throughout the last three decades and the integration of the Republic of Armenia into the European Higher Education Area have blazed the path for new challenges in the sector and outlined the necessity to revise the regulatory framework of higher education. The said revision will allow for the implementation of more efficient mechanisms of higher education regulation and quality assurance that Armenia faces with the aim of responding to the objectives of the sector of Armenian higher education and the contribution to the development of the latter. Our research, which addresses Armenian context, offers analysis of structures, relations and procedures through which the policy of higher education is developed, introduced and revised nationally and the impact it has on international cooperation. This research will first and foremost permit to describe the principle theoretical models of governance in higher education: the concept of coordination of higher education, university configuration («La configuration universitaire»), governance equalizer with the aim of shredding light on and understanding the complex interactions of multitude actors involved in these processes. Moreover, our research highlights the implementation and the effects of regulatory models exercised by the State towards higher education, as well as the toolkit like, for instance, legislative framework within the context of public policy, the level of autonomy of institutions and the mechanisms of financing. This paper will also be of interest within the framework of quality assurance as a procedure of regulating higher education. Following the conceptual considerations and clarifications around such notions as are the quality and the quality assurance in higher education, as well as the presentation of such mechanisms as audit, evaluation and accreditations, we have undertaken the examination of fundamental political choices related to the objectives, general organization, as well as operational tools of the system of quality assurance, highlighting the ones a government would like to own in order to guarantee the quality assurance of higher education. Based on the results of qualitative and quantitative studies realized with experts and teachers, as well as the ones obtained from the analysis of the evolution of characteristics, politics, the instruments of regulation, as well as the system of quality assurance of Armenian higher education, a series of suggestions related to the evolution of the regulatory system of higher education and quality assurance are presented in this document. More particularly, with the aim of eliminating the Soviet heritage in such domains as are the development and the organization of academic programmes of higher education and for contributing the concord of Bachelor's and Master's programmes with the National Framework of Qualifications, concrete documents have been elaborated and are presented in the annex of this paper: «Armenian National Framework of BA studies», «Armenian National Framework of MA studies» and «Armenian Subject Benchmark Statement : Management». This research will allow political decision-makers, people who are responsible for institutions of higher education, teachers and other interested stakeholders to understand more profoundly the complex changes which occurred in the Post-Soviet system of higher education of Armenia as a result of Bologna Process and to contribute to the evolution of the sector with the aim of responding to the needs of Armenian higher education
Zanzala, Julien Patou. "L'impact de la qualité des départements universitaires français sur les salaires des diplômés : le cas des maîtrises et DESS de sciences économiques et de gestion." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOE010.
Full textThis research is an analysis of the impact that quantitative and qualitative characteristics of university departments can have on their graduates' wages. It is based on a neoclassic analysis of individual human capital returns. The data covers graduates from economics and management departments with a "maitrise", "dess" and "caae". The econometric results reveal that some of the quantitative and qualitative university departments characteristics have a significant positive effect on graduates' wages
Toure, Niandou. "Mobilité internationale pour études et mobilité sociale : trajectoires scolaires et socioprofessionnelles des étudiants maliens dans l'enseignement supérieur en France et au Maroc." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB186/document.
Full textThis PhD research analyzes the social dimension of Malian students' mobility in French and Moroccan higher education. Confronted with a higher education system with limited capacity, many Malian students perceive mobility as a loophole. These students going abroad perpetuate a tradition of mobility consubstantial with the training of Malian elites in the twentieth century. This mobility is encouraged by the state through cooperation exchanges, as well as private educational institutions particularly in Morocco, that adapt their educational options and services to the demands of sub-Saharan countries. We interrogate how geographical mobility is part of a social mobility strategy and then demonstrate how inequalities in the Malian school system, based on disparities in economic, cultural and social capital, shape inequalities in access to mobility. However, these inequalities are overcome by the mobilization of "weak ties", including extended kinship, by socially disadvantaged students. Social capital plays a crucial role in achieving success through mobility, where students from disadvantaged families succeed as much as those from elite families with politico-economic and religious clout. The career paths of Malian graduates from France and Morocco finally highlight the key role of international mobility for higher education, in addition to schooling in Mali: a guarantee of access to elite status in Mali, for the greater number. Consequently, international mobility appears as a factor in the transformation of social hierarchies
Hajri, Mehdi. "Le rôle médiateur de l'engagement organisationnel dans la relation orientation marché - qualité perçue : application à l'enseignement supérieur de gestion en Tunisie." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30045.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to study the effect of market orientation on the perceived quality in the Tunisian higher education. We have suggested an intermediate variable that is to say an organizational commitment which acts as a mediating role between market orientation and perceived quality. Despite the non-corroboration of the mediating effect, we were able to report an interesting result; we found that market orientation and organizational commitment are antecedents of perceived quality in the Tunisian higher education. A stydy of the literature enables us to build an explanatory model of the model to be tested. Market orientation, perceived quality and organizational commitment are variables forming the conceptual model of the research. The contribution of market orientation and commitment in the improvement of the perceived quality is theoretically justified (Voon, 2006; Yulia et Carmel, 2010; Clark et al. 2008; George et Sabapathy, 2011).To validate the theoretical argumentation, the research is based on a questionnaire administered to students from eleven Tunisian business schools. The results show that market orientation and organizational commitment both have a positive effect on the perceived quality in the Tunisian higher education
Diallo, Koura. "L'influence des facteurs familiaux, scolaires et individuels sur l'abandon scolaire des filles de l'enseignement fondamental en milieu rural de la région de Ségou au Mali." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65446.pdf.
Full textBagayoko, Cheick-oumar. "Mise en place d'un système d'information hospitalier en Afrique francophone : cinz@n, étude et validation du modèle au Mali." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX20680/document.
Full textThe implementation of hospital information systems focused on care processes has been shown to improve the quality of care, the management of resources, and the productivity. These benefits are necessary in all countries, regardless of their level of development. However, a question does arise: “Given the differences in financial, technological and human contexts, should we, in Africa, undertake a differentiated strategy to achieve these shared goals?”. The aim of our study was to develop a model adapted to the cultural and economical contexts of developing countries. Our methodology was based on the adaptation and implementation of an Open Source software. This work led to the development and validation of a model in Mali named Cinz@n. It has been implemented and tested at the Mother-Child hospital in Bamako. Beyond the software implementation, change management and the training of stakeholders have been the subject of special attention. The results of the evaluation of the functional coverage, the ergonomics of the system and user satisfaction are satisfactory. 84% of users consider that the system has improved the quality of their work, and 100% of users are willing to continue the experiment, also recommending the extension of the system to all hospital departments. The qualitative analysis of the database showed strict usage of the patient identification procedures. We conclude that Cinz@n, with an investment cost of about ten thousand euros, and a wide acceptance by users can be a model for other implementations in French Speaking Africa
Capo, Chichi Alain Towedo. "Implémentation de systèmes d'information pour la gouvernance dans l'enseignement supérieur et l'amélioration continue de la qualité des services, de la productivité et de l'innovation." Paris 8, 2012. http://octaviana.fr/document/18202105X#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to design and implement an Enterprise Resource Planning improvement through an information system of university governance. This thesis explores ways of promoting integration and implementation of an information system that will allow, at each university, state and regional organizations, to have reliable data on education higher, driving better control and improves their governance. Based on practical experiences of experimentation, including the implementation of Integrated Management Package COCKTAIL in two universities of Benin, This thesis presents a technical analysis tools for the construction of an IT and an analysis of social contexts in which these tools are installed. Finally, it proposes a general method of contextualization of the implementation process and implementation to promote continuous improvement of service quality, productivity and innovation development
Ble, Méagnet Désiré. "La notion de qualité de l'enseignement supérieur et son évaluation chez les acteurs dans le cadre de la transposition du Processus de Bologne : le cas des universités publiques et de l'INP-HB en Côte d'Ivoire." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2044/document.
Full textThe quality of Higher Education in Africa is a very evocated word, to say its fallings or the need to see institutions and education systems with it. However, the framework of Bologna Process transposition questions about content and relevance of this notion in our countries.From the theoretical viewpoint, remembering the importance of Higher Education in socio-economic growing, then the context of Bologna Process creation, as well as the analysis of Bologna mains texts, we emphasize the circumstances of Bologna Process transposition in Higher Education. We complete this part dissecting the issue of quality in Higher Education, as well as its assessment in Europe and in the world.In this study, approaching higher education stakeholders, with interviews and questionnaires, we try to put the light on this issue and its assessment according to their view points. It’s mainly the public’s universities and INP-HB, our ground studies.Results shows us a quality of Higher Education, in particular with entrants (teacher’s abilities, infrastructures and equipment’s) as mains characteristics but equally the professional insertion and employability, clue of this quality
Traoré, Bakary. "Influence de la structure anatomique et des métabolites secondaires sur les propriétés physiques et la qualité acoustique du bois de vène (PTEROCARPUS ERINACEUS POIR) provenant du Mali." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26843/26843.pdf.
Full textCe mémoire de thèse est le résultat de plus de 3 ans de travaux de recherche effectués d’une part, en alternance entre le Mali et la France et d’autre part, en cotutelle entre l’Université Laval et l’ENGREF de Nancy. Les travaux de recherche ont essentiellement été effectués au sein du Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB/INRA) de l’ENGREF de Nancy et du Centre de Recherche sur le Bois (CRB) de l’Université Laval. C’est donc le lieu pour moi d’exprimer mes plus sincères remerciements au Pr. Patrick PERRE et au Pr. Tatjana STEVANOVIC pour m’avoir accueilli respectivement au sein de ces laboratoires, d’avoir accepté de diriger mes travaux et de m’avoir accordé un soutien financier de taille à travers leurs fonds de recherche. Je tiens à exprimer mes très vifs remerciements à l’adresse de tous ceux qui ont de loin ou de près rendu non seulement le travail possible mais aussi sa réalisation agréable tant à l’Université Laval qu’à l’ENGREF de Nancy. Je voudrais ici en particulier remercier le Pr. René KELLER qui malgré qu’il soit en retraite s’est toujours montré disponible pour mes questions en matière d’anatomie du bois et Loïc BRANCHERIAU, chercheur au CIRAD de Montpellier, pour sa contribution dans l’analyse de la qualité acoustique du bois de vène. Je remercie les techniciens du LERFoB/INRA et du CRB en l’occurrence Mr. Patrice MARCHAL pour la préparation du matériel d’essai et la réalisation des tests de sorption au LERMaB et de Mr. Luc GERMAIN et Mr. Yves BÉDARD respectivement pour la préparation du matériel d’essai et la détermination du taux des cendres à l’Université Laval. Je tiens aussi à remercier Papa Niokor DIOUF pour sa contribution dans la réalisation des essais d’analyse chimique et Carole ASSOR pour ses conseils et sa contribution dans la mise en place définitive du sujet. J’adresse aussi mes sincères remerciements aux autorités française et en particulier au Service de Coopération et d’Action Culturelle de l’Ambassade de France à Bamako (SCAC) qui, à travers son projet d’appui à l’Enseignement Supérieur du Mali, m’a accordé un soutien financier sous forme de bourse d’alternance de 15 mois. Je remercie aussi les autorités maliennes et en particulier le directeur général de l’IPR/IFRA de Katibougou, Pr. Fafré SAMAKE, pour les encouragements, les conseils et le soutien financier dans le prélèvement du matériel expérimental et pour avoir accepté ma demande de mise en congé de formation.
Kavas, Ahmet. "L'evolution de l'enseignement moderne arabo-islamique en afrique francophone : les medersas de la republique du mali : cas de bamako 1980-1994 : role social, mode de fonctionnement et contenu d'enseignement." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA070021.
Full textSince 1850 when the first french schools came to being in algeria, new islamic schools called "madrasah" rapidly spread. Today only in the republic of mali there are 358 state-contrelled madrasahs where modern islamic education in provided in arabic. These updated educational institutions socially function to overcome the high-rate illiteracy. Besides arabic, french is also proposed to be included in the curriculum by the ministry of basic education. These madrasahs educate girls too, and include a variety of programmes which cover various areas like handicrafts and tree planting in desert with the aim of building individuals to contribute to society. These schools are sponsored by students' families, islamic associations, and some arap countries. The archives on french colonial period, diaries, and documents in the documentation centre of the ministry of education (the republic of mali), and the field research carried out for this study provide us with hopeful results regarding the historical process and the present situation of religious education in west african islamic societies
Diallo, Mamadou Dian Gongoré. "La formation des cadres des services déconcentrées de l'enseignement secondaire en Guinée." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199183.
Full textDidisse, Jonas. "Essais sur l'enseignement supérieur et la recherche : capacités d'accueil, frais d'inscription et mobilité internationale." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR067/document.
Full textIn a context of internationalization of higher education and research, we focus on two issues related to the recent dynamics of national university systems. First, from a supply microeconomic approach, we show that the level of public intervention and the non-rigid capacities of institutions explain the divergence of tuition fees between regulated and deregulated university systems. Then, from a macroeconomic demand approach, we try to underline the inelasticity of the demand from gravity models with non-price determinants of international student mobility
Ouédraogo, Étienne. "Qualité de l'éducation au Burkina-Faso : efficacité des enseignements-apprentissages dans les classes des écoles primaires." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0031/document.
Full textThe topic of this Thesis is at the crossroad between many topics of education sciences: pedagogy, didactics, psychology and small group sociology in order to illuminate what concerns « educational relationship in schools ». It focuses on the effectiveness of teaching-learning in fourth grade classes. This Research paper focuses especially on organizers who structure and determine teachers' class activities in Burkina Faso. Classrooms were the places where we collected our data in 2013. An exploratory survey led us to narrow our goal, limiting it to the classroom-interactions between the teacher and his pupils during an educational session, namely grammar class. Secondly, we created a body of data including interviews and comments through films the a sample of 12 teachers and 36 pupils. Then, we tried to find the dimensions of the three areas compared with pupils' and teachers' declarations. The method is the deductive one. The results tend to illustrate that the "educational organization" dominates, followed by "relationship atmosphere" and lastly the "didactic management". Our goal is to better understand teachers' practices in order to suggest actions to be conducted towards improving the quality of education
Sylla, Ndella. "Investigation des méthodes didactiques utilisées dans l'enseignement secondaire supérieur: comparaison entre enseignants expérimentés et novices dans des disciplines scientifiques et littéraires. Analyse des facteurs déterminants et recherche d'indicateurs de qualité." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211140.
Full textDoctorat en sciences de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Khenissi, Mohamed Ghazi. "Vers la qualité et l'employabilité par un marketing de veille pédagogique et stratégique universitaire." Thesis, Toulon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUL2003/document.
Full textInformation literacy is one of competences conferred to individual employability in information and knowledge society (IKS). By Requiring employable skills (EC), this society acquires a new dimension (SICS & CE) and passes labor market from classic concept of "job market" to "employability market (MEMP)" seeking flexibility and adaptive skills to changes. Foresight Scanning in general and specifically digital one, works by its "Information and Knowledge Production Process" to develop information literacy/Internet (CIVI) to improve various individual skills. In this sense, this thesis evolves in a qualitative and interpretative exploratory approach, to treat the issue of quality skills development, defining the employability of university students. It seeks to know how a universities’ foresight scanning will improve quality of their employable CIVI culture skill, by adopting in its informational production process, a market-oriented relational marketing involving university students as "internal customers ", as well as employability market actors as" external customers " ?Evolving in a socio-constructivist perspective, series of evaluations on skills and satisfactions of learners as well as their skills CIVI assessment models were developed as part of a competency based approach (SBA) adopting a relational internal and external marketing. This approach is characterized firstly by an "Orientation-Involvement of Learners-Clients: OI-APCL" and secondly by an "Orientation-Involvement of employability market: OI-MEMP," based on an educational blog as informational Web.2.0 System and monitoring tool designed to develop competency in information literacy learners. This led us to conclude in the orientation forward an employability university, skills levels improvement by declining secular groups CIVI culture, from 88.74% to 41.94% and a need for training CIVI rate of Culture from 89.50% to 46.50% resulting to learner employability and the recruitment of three groups of the 20 pairs graduate students involved in our work, This recommends adoption of an " Foresight Scanning employability" for quality development skills in SICS&CE society seeking now more than information and knowledge, but also flexibility skills to adapt changes and innovations defining really individual employability
Pereira, Rodrigo. "Conselhos escolares : a participação das comunidades e as implicações sobre o cotidiano da escola pública." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2009. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4643.
Full textLes études sur les formes établies par les communautés comme une stratégie pour la participation aux institutions de l'Etat, ont annoncé des changements dans le domaine des idées et des objectifs de l'action collective. Ces modifications signalent des nouveaux objectifs de l'action participative. Plus précisement, on comprend la participation populaire comme un mécanisme pour atteindre les niveaux les plus élevés de qualité des travaux développés à l'école. Dans ce domaine, nous pouvons apercevoir des discussions sur le Conseil scolaire en tant que lieu privilégié de rencontre, de dialogue et de décisions collectives sur la direction de l'école. Le Conseil scolaire est présenté dans ce texte comme une base de participation populaire aux décisions qui définissent la direction des écoles publiques. Il est considéré comme un noyau constitué par la représentation des personnes qui vivent en communauté par des segments. Les analyses faites dans ce texte sont basées sur les concepts de communauté en tant que groupe social qui retire son fondement du partage des objectifs, des idéaux et des symboles culturels, en même temps qu elles comprennent la formation de la communauté a partir de la notion de faible complexité de la structure et la division du travail social. Les segments sont représentés, dans le conseil scolaire, par des parents, des étudiants, des enseignants, des fonctionnaires et des gestionnaires de l'institution scolaire. Pour ces analyses un certain nombre de questions sont présentées comme une référence d'étude. Nous avons soulevé la question des implications de l'action du Conseil sur la vie quotidienne de l'école, a partir du regard des sujets qui participent des conseils. Nous avons posé des questions sur la validité des actions du Conseil sur l'efficacité d'un modèle de gestion démocratique dans l école publique. Pour mener cette recherche, nous avons sélectionné deux écoles de la ville de Poço Verde, à l intérieur de l'état de Sergipe. Les écoles de la ville sont les premières dans l'élaboration de documents qui légitiment, dans le cadre de la gestion publique, le modèle de gestion démocratique en tant que guide pour des formes de gérence populaire des écoles. Cette realité nous a conduit à chercher des réponses à ces questions, car les écoles publiques de la ville en question, possèdent des Conseils en plein fonctionnement, un taux élevé de participation des segments de la communauté aux réunions et aux débats proposés par l'école. Au-délà de ces données, les écoles analysées ont obtenu des données expressifs dans les évaluations proposées par le ministère de l'Éducation (MEC). Pour réaliser cette recherche nous avons utilisé des techniques et des instruments de collecte de données comme l'observation, l'analyse documentaire, l'entretien et le questionnaire. Pour l'interview, 08 (huit) participants ont été invités à des activités et de 71 (soixante et onze) ont répondu au questionnaire. Des extraits des réunions, des résolutions qui légitiment le Conseil et des projets pédagogiques des écoles, ont été utilisés pour l'analyse documentaire et la dynamique de ces rencontres a été observée pour comprendre les logiques exprimées dans les moments d'analyse collective des enjeux d'intérêt de l'école et de la communauté . Le texte est organisé en trois chapitres, où nous avons traité la base conceptuelle fondamentale de cette recherche, nous avons explicité ensuite, les données recueillies et leur analyse. Pour finaliser,ont a élaboré un chapitre pour démontrer les résultats de cette recherche et les projections sur le sujet.
Os estudos sobre as formas estabelecidas pelas comunidades como estratégia de participação nas instituições do Estado, anunciam alterações no campo das concepções e finalidades da ação coletiva. Essas modificações sinalizam novos objetivos da ação participativa. Precisamente entende-se participação popular como mecanismo de alcance de níveis mais elevados da qualidade dos trabalhos desenvolvidos na escola. Nesse campo, encontramos os debates em torno do Conselho Escolar identificando-o como lugar privilegiado para o encontro, os diálogos e palco de decisões coletivas sobre os rumos da escola. O Conselho Escolar é apresentado neste texto como um núcleo de participação popular sobre as decisões que definem os rumos da escola pública. Ainda é visto como núcleo formado pela representação das pessoas que vivem na comunidade, através de segmentos. As análises feitas neste texto estão pautadas nas concepções de comunidade como agrupamento social que tem sua coesão advinda da partilha de objetivos, ideais e símbolos culturais comuns, ao mesmo tempo compreende a formação da comunidade a partir da noção de baixa complexidade na estrutura e na divisão do trabalho social. Os segmentos representados no Conselho Escolar são formados por pais e mães, os estudantes, os professores, os funcionários e os gestores da instituição escolar. Para estas análises algumas questões são postas como referência para o estudo. Levantamos a questão das implicações da ação do Conselho sobre o cotidiano da escola, ao mesmo tempo, a partir do olhar dos sujeitos que participam dos conselhos, questionamos a validade das ações do Conselho sobre a efetivação de um modelo de gestão democrática na escola pública. Para realização da pesquisa, escolhemos duas escolas no município de Poço Verde, interior do estado de Sergipe. As escolas do Município são pioneiras na formulação de documentos que legitimam, no âmbito da gestão pública, o modelo de gestão democrática como diretriz para organização das formas de gerenciamento popular das escolas. Essa realidade nos motivou a buscar respostas às questões, uma vez que as escolas públicas do Município possuem Conselhos em pleno funcionamento, um índice elevado de participação dos segmentos da comunidade nas reuniões e debates promovidos pela escola, além desses dados, as escolas analisadas obtiveram dados expressivos nas avaliações propostas pelo Ministério de Educação (MEC). A pesquisa para ser realizada contou com o uso das técnicas e instrumento de coleta de dados através da observação, da análise documental, da entrevista e do questionário. Para a entrevista, 08(oito) participantes foram convidados para atividades e 71(setenta e um) sujeitos responderam ao questionário. Atas de reunião, resoluções que legitimam o Conselho e os projetos pedagógicos das escolas, serviram de material para análise documental, bem como a dinâmica das reuniões foi observada para entender as lógicas expressas nos momentos de análises coletivas dos temas de interesse da escola e da comunidade. O texto está organizado em três capítulos, onde colocamos a base conceitual que fundamentou a análise; explicitamos em seguida, os dados coletados e a análise feita sobre dados. Por fim, elaboramos um capítulo para demonstrar os resultados da pesquisa e as projeções em torno do tema.
Loua, Seydou. "Efficacité interne de l’enseignement supérieur malien." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20103/document.
Full textThe Malian higher education and notably the University of Bamako is confronted to enormous difficulties since several years. What explains these difficulties and how to make more efficient this higher education in order to heighten the levels and to make he competitive on the plan under regional and international? This question drove us to interest us to the survey of her internal efficiency. The present work is a contribution in search of factors of these difficulties and alternatives to remedy there. He tempts to clear tracks of reflection on the improvement of the conditions of work of the University of Bamako. The Faculty of the Letters, Languages, Arts and human sciences of the University of Bamako has been kept like land of research. After the documentary research for the development of a literature magazine, the preference has been given to an analysis of the exams results of two promotions of the path Sciences of the education of 2001 in the first place to 2009. In the analysis it was question of indicators as the evolution of the strengths, rate of success, abandonment, exclusion, kind, extra feature academic of the students. This analysis that concluded to a weak internal efficiency of the University of Bamako has been followed by other investigations by interviews, observations and questionnaires by a sample of students, teachers and administrators of the university. After an analysis of the data collected at the time of these investigations, we finished by a discussion of the set of the results
Mangane, Nsayi Destin Judicaël. "Enseignement et apprentissage de la stéréochimie en terminale D au Bénin : raisonnements des élèves et points de vue des enseignants." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070017.
Full textThis work constitutes an inventory of the teaching and learning of the topic stereochemistry, in Benin. It characterizes the students' limes of reasoning and difficulties and some teachers' professional knowledge, content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). The analysed data includes the students' responses to paper-and-pencil questionnaires and interviews with students and teachers. The results show that to resolve stereochemistry problems the students have two types of reasoning, a spatial one and an diagrammatic one, which are often unsuccessful. Some students lead an diagrammatic reasoning due to their mental visualisation difficulties. For some others this reasoning results from a lack of stereochemical knowledge more than from an inability to mentally handle the semiotic representations. The unsuccessful spatial lines of reasoning may be explained by different varions reasons namely a lack of geometrical knowledge, of mental visualization abilities and of sufficient stereochemical knowledge. Knowledge of students understanding of stereochemistry and knowledge of teaching strategies are key components of PCK which are thus characterised by the skill to identify the students' difficulties, to ascribe a cause to them and to propose a relevant strategy to overcome them. The interviewed teachers did not reach this level of knowledge and thinking about the teaching of stereochemistry because of a limited knowledge of the basic stereochemical concepts
Picouet, Cécile. "Géodynamique d'un hydrosystème tropical peu anthropisé, le bassin supérieur du Niger et son delta intérieur." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006189.
Full textL'étude des apports hydriques du bassin amont a ainsi montré que la période d'étude était contrastée, représentative des fluctuations hydrologiques de ces 25 dernières années déficitaires. L'étude des flux de matières en suspension exportés vers le delta intérieur du Niger a permis de mettre en évidence la variabilité temporelle et spatiale des concentrations en MES et de proposer une modélisation simple des processus mis en jeu. L'étude de la chimie des eaux du Niger amont (éléments majeurs et traces) a montré que les cours d'eau étudiés sont très peu minéralisés et que la charge solide est essentiellement inorganique. A l'échelle globale, la faiblesse de la lame écoulée, la lithologie (roches silicatées) et la faiblesse du relief sont les principaux facteurs expliquant les faibles taux de transport particulaire et dissous observés. L'essentiel des résultats ont confirmé la faiblesse actuelle de la pollution chimique de ce grand fleuve africain au Mali.
L'étude des bilans hydriques, particulaires et dissous entre les entrées et les sorties du delta intérieur du Niger ont confirmé le rôle important que joue cette zone sur le bilan hydrique (les pertes en eaux représentent de 30 à 45% des entrées) et dans la capture de quantités de matières particulaires et dissoutes importantes, qui sont ainsi soustraites aux apports aux océans, tout du moins de manière temporaire. Les pertes de matières particulaires s'élèvent de 26 à 54 % des entrées, celles de matières dissoutes à environ 30% des entrées. L'ensemble de ces pertes est lié plus ou moins directement à l'extension spatio-temporelle de l'inondation (évapotranspiration, dépôts). Celle-ci règle l'intensité de nombreux processus complexes qui se produisent dans le delta. Ce travail a également confirmé les fonctionnements hydrochimiques très différents entre sa partie amont, proprement deltaïque, et sa partie aval, caractérisée par des zones inondées plus réduites et une morphologie différente. Ces différences de fonctionnement sont exacerbées pour les crue de forte hydraulicité.
Xu, Yiru. "La compétence d’interaction dans l’évaluation de l’oral en français langue étrangère : description et enjeux didactiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2114.
Full textThis study aims to define the competence of interaction constituting the main object of oral evaluation in foreign language pedagogy. We consider that this competence consists in the ability to interact with an interlocutor in order to implement multiple resources with the aim of collectively managing speech activity adapted to action in a given situation. Using an analytical and comprehensive empirical approach, we describe how the competence of interaction manifests itself in a situation of evaluation. It takes the form of four components: firstly, the ability to interpret one’s role in a given context in order to participate in the global organization of interaction ; it also manifests itself in the coordination of turn-taking ; in the shared responsibility of the co-construction of the theme of the discourse; and finally in the use of communication strategies to solve language and interactional problems that arise. The analyses enable us to elucidate the pedagogical issues concerning the way to evaluate this competence. Four essential elements can be identified in the composition of the system of evaluation : the script, the type of preparation, the conditions in which it is implemented and the grading scale. The evaluation is not limited to a carefully worked out method ; it also entails the way it is carried out in a specific context. There exists a “contract of evaluation” which regulates the organisation of this activity and defines the rights and duties of the evaluator and the candidate. According to this contract, the evaluator must assume the roles of facilitator, examiner, interlocutor and guide, which constitutes a real challenge in language evaluation and opens up orientations for future research
Huguet, Mélissa. "Le système éducatif au Chili : une analyse en équilibre général calculable." Thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0123/document.
Full textThe Chilean education system is split between the public and private sectors, inducing persistent inequality. Students from public secondary schools benefit from fewer opportunities than those from private schools, particularly in regard to acceptance rates at traditional universities. Acceptance at traditional universities is conditional on passing a selection test. In this regard, private secondary school graduates outperform their public-school peers. However, businesses prefer to hire students from traditional universities rather than private universities. Due to the high costs of private education and to the quality gap between public and private education at primary and secondary levels, students from poor households find themselves at a disadvantage when applying to traditional universities. In this thesis, we study three kind of policies that facilitate access to private schools or aim to improve the quality of public education, allowing equal opportunities for all students to enter into traditional universities. The policies analyzed are: i) an increase in subsidies granted to private schools, ii) a decrease of the consumer price of public education services and iii) an increase in current expenditures in public education services.In the first chapter, we use a static computable general equilibrium model which takes into account the segmentation of the education market between public and private sectors. We present the behaviours in the education market in terms of the demand and production of education services by level of education (primary, secondary and tertiary). Labour supply is exogenous and is specified according to skills (diplomas) and type of education (public or private). The simulation results show that a policy of increased subsidies granted to private primary and secondary schools facilitates access to private primary and secondary schools. Conversely, an increase in current expenditures in public education services restricts access to private schools. A reduction in the consumer price of public education services renders the different sectors of education more competitive with one another. In addition, unemployment decreases significantly with a policy of higher current expenditures granted to public education services.The model presented in the second chapter is a dynamic extension of the model used in the first chapter, taking into account two new indicators. Household demand for public and private education services depends on relative prices and on an indicator for relative quality of education. The human capital formation indicator varies according to real investments made in each level and type of education. In this chapter, labour supply is exogenous. We focus on the impacts of each policy on sectoral productivity, growth and unemployment. Depending on the targets pursued by the government, policy can be chosen to induce high levels of growth at the expense of a rising unemployment (increased subsidies granted to private schools) or a policy which reduces unemployment and which generates lower, but still substantial, levels of growth (improvement of the quality of public education by increased public expenditures into public education services)
"Les Médersas du Mali : l'influence arabe sur l'enseignement islamique moderne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24140/24140.pdf.
Full textBarakat, Ronald. "Les limites de la "Qualité totale" dans l'enseignement supérieur privé au Liban : exemple de l'université américaine de Beyrouth." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3758/1/M11559.pdf.
Full textEryasa, Joell. "Relations entre le langage des enfants de quatre ans et la qualité éducative des centres de la petite enfance." Mémoire, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5763/1/M12866.pdf.
Full textSchoemaker-Marcotte, Camille. "La qualité des soins obstétricaux en milieu rural malien : une étude exploratoire." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9853.
Full textTo improve maternal health, it is essential to implement interventions that act on the intrapartum period, interventions that consist essentially in improving access to obstetric and neonatal emergency care (EmOC). Nevertheless, several countries that have turned to such interventions encounter significant challenges in their implementation and the high rates of maternal mortality persist. This study aims to identify characteristics of structure and process in community health centers (CSCOM) where maternal deaths have occurred and to compare these characteristics with those of CSCOM where no maternal deaths have occurred. We opted for an exploratory comparative approach of CSCOM with patients with different outcomes and different human resources configuration. The study population corresponds to CSCOMs of Kayes region in which obstetric emergencies were managed. The main focus of this study is on human resources, availability of equipment, supply and medicine, and on the level of knowledge of health care providers in these health centers. Our data analysis revealed that there are large disparities in resources available at the CSCOM level. Yet, these resources are needed in order to adequately manage obstetric emergencies. Although none of the CSCOM characteristic can be associated with adverse outcomes, the accumulation of deficits in human and material resources as well as the lack of knowledge of certain categories of staff suggests that the poor quality of obstetric care may threaten the parturient survival.
Théoret, Maude. "Le sentiment d'efficacité d'enseignantes du primaire dans la prise en charge de l'enseignement des sciences et des technologies." Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2538/1/M11096.pdf.
Full textBoily, Élisabeth. "Effets d'un programme de lecture orale répétée et assistée sur la fluidité de lecture d'élèves provenant d'une classe à large effectif au Burkina Faso." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4485/1/M12334.pdf.
Full textPirkle, Catherine M. "Measuring and evaluating quality of care in referral maternities in Mali and Senegal in the context of overlapping interventions." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9891.
Full textIn this thesis, we describe the results of a research project that aimed to measure and evaluate quality of care in referral hospitals in Mali and Senegal. In these countries, hospital maternal mortality is high and linked, in part, to inadequate medical practice. This research was conducted as part of the QUARITE cluster randomized trial that assessed whether the program, ALARM International, could reduce facility maternal mortality. ALARM was implemented from 2008 to 2010 and consisted of the training of local health professionals and the use of maternal death reviews. At the same time as QUARITE was ongoing, programs for the prevention of maternal to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) were scaled- up; these can also improve obstetrical quality of care. Thus, we evaluated the effects of both programs (ALARM and PMTCT) on quality of care. We began with a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the capacity of a criterion-based clinical audit to measure the quality of obstetrical care (article 1). This type of audit verifies if the care provided meets criteria indicative of best clinical practices, according to the literature and expert opinion. Our review demonstrates that this tool has been used in a variety of low- and middle-income settings, but the way it has previously been employed leaves doubts as to its validity (article 1). We thus developed a criterion based clinical audit specific to the West African context and approved by national and international expert obstetricians. Using patient medical records, with this instrument we evaluated obstetrical care provided during labour and delivery. Quality of care was calculated based on the percentage of care criteria met. Applied to different sites and by different auditors, our instrument demonstrated concordant results and provided a valid image of the quality of obstetrical care provided at hospitals in the region (article 3). Nonetheless, the audit experience raised concerns about the implications of poor medical recordkeeping and archiving on quality of care (article 2). We used the criterion-based clinical audit to review over 800 medical records at 32 QUARITE hospitals (16 intervention and 16 control hospitals) in order to evaluate the effects of the ALARM intervention. We demonstrated that the ALARM program contributes to better obstetrical quality of care, especially during the first clinical examination and postpartum monitoring of women treated at intervention hospitals (article 4). Finally, we used this instrument to evaluate the effects of PMTCT programs on obstetrical quality of care (article 5). Our work demonstrated that certain components of a PMTCT program, specifically training of healthcare professionals and supplementary nutritional services, are associated with better obstetrical care. In all, this research identified several mechanisms that can be targeted by quality improvement interventions in West Africa.