Journal articles: 'Qualitative synthesis'

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Thorne, Sally. "Qualitative meta‐synthesis." Nurse Author & Editor 32, no. 1 (March 2022): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nae2.12036.

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Lockwood, Craig, Zachary Munn, and Kylie Porritt. "Qualitative research synthesis." International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare 13, no. 3 (September 2015): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/xeb.0000000000000062.

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Flemming, Kate, and Jane Noyes. "Qualitative Evidence Synthesis: Where Are We at?" International Journal of Qualitative Methods 20 (January 1, 2021): 160940692199327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406921993276.

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Qualitative evidence syntheses (QES) have increased in prominence and profile over the last decade as a discrete set of methodologies to undertake systematic reviews of primary qualitative research in health and social care and in education. The findings from a qualitative evidence synthesis can enable a richer interpretation of a particular phenomenon, set of circumstances, or experiences than single primary qualitative research studies can achieve. Qualitative evidence synthesis methods were developed in response to an increasing demand from health and social professionals, policy makers, guideline developers and educationalists for review evidence that goes beyond “what works” afforded by systematic reviews of effectiveness. The increasing interest in the synthesis of qualitative research has led to methodological developments documented across a plethora of texts and journal articles. This “State of the Method” paper aims to bring together these methodological developments in one place, contextualizing advances in methods with exemplars to support readers in making choices in approach to a synthesis and aid understanding. The paper clarifies what a “qualitative evidence synthesis” is and explores its role, purpose and development. It details the kind of questions a QES can explore, the processes associated with a QES, including the methods for synthesis. The rational and methods for integrating a QES with systematic reviews of effectiveness are also detailed. Finally approaches reporting and recognition of what a “good” or rigorous QES look like are provided.

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Nesbit, Rachel J., Charlotte L. Bagnall, Kate Harvey, and Helen F. Dodd. "Perceived Barriers and Facilitators of Adventurous Play in Schools: A Qualitative Systematic Review." Children 8, no. 8 (August 7, 2021): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8080681.

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Adventurous play, defined as exciting, thrilling play where children are able to take age-appropriate risks, has been associated with a wide range of positive outcomes. Despite this, it remains unclear what factors might aid or hinder schools in offering adventurous play opportunities. The purpose of this systematic review is to synthesise findings from qualitative studies on the perceived barriers and facilitators of adventurous play in schools. A total of nine studies were included in the final synthesis. The review used two synthesis strategies: a meta-aggregative synthesis and narrative synthesis. Findings were similar across the two syntheses, highlighting that key barriers and facilitators were: adults’ perceptions of children; adults’ attitudes and beliefs about adventurous play and concerns pertaining to health and safety, and concerns about legislation. Based on the findings of the review, recommendations for policy and practice are provided to support adventurous play in schools.

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Florczak, Kristine. "Qualitative Synthesis: Ontological Care Please." Nursing Science Quarterly 31, no. 3 (June 19, 2018): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894318418774869.

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Evidence synthesis is the concern of this column. Both quantitative and qualitative evidence synthesis are considered using the Cochrane and Joanna Briggs Institute protocols as a means of explanation. Finally, issues related to qualitative synthesis are entertained.

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Hansen, Helle Ploug, Eva Draborg, and Finn Børlum Kristensen. "Exploring Qualitative Research Synthesis." Patient: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research 4, no. 3 (September 2011): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/11539880-000000000-00000.

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Flemming, Kate, Andrew Booth, Ruth Garside, Özge Tunçalp, and Jane Noyes. "Qualitative evidence synthesis for complex interventions and guideline development: clarification of the purpose, designs and relevant methods." BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 1 (January 2019): e000882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000882.

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This paper is one of a series exploring the implications of complexity for systematic reviews and guideline development, commissioned by the WHO. The paper specifically explores the role of qualitative evidence synthesis. Qualitative evidence synthesis is the broad term for the group of methods used to undertake systematic reviews of qualitative research evidence. As an approach, qualitative evidence synthesis is increasingly recognised as having a key role to play in addressing questions relating to intervention or system complexity, and guideline development processes. This is due to the unique role qualitative research can play in establishing the relative importance of outcomes, the acceptability, fidelity and reach of interventions, their feasibility in different settings and potential consequences on equity across populations. This paper outlines the purpose of qualitative evidence synthesis, provides detail of how qualitative evidence syntheses can help establish understanding and explanation of the complexity that can occur in relation to both interventions and systems, and how qualitative evidence syntheses can contribute to evidence to decision frameworks. It provides guidance for the choice of qualitative evidence synthesis methods in the context of guideline development for complex interventions, giving ‘real life’ examples of where this has occurred. Information to support decision-making around choice qualitative evidence synthesis methods in the context of guideline development is provided. Approaches for reporting qualitative evidence syntheses are discussed alongside mechanisms for assessing confidence in the findings of a review.

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Jensen, Louise A., and Marion N. Allen. "Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Findings." Qualitative Health Research 6, no. 4 (November 1996): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104973239600600407.

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Seers, Kate. "What is a qualitative synthesis?" Evidence Based Nursing 15, no. 4 (September 21, 2012): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebnurs-2012-100977.

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McInnes, Rhona J., and Julie A. Chambers. "Supporting breastfeeding mothers: qualitative synthesis." Journal of Advanced Nursing 62, no. 4 (May 2008): 407–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04618.x.

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Soilemezi, Dia, and Skaiste Linceviciute. "Synthesizing Qualitative Research." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 17, no. 1 (April 11, 2018): 160940691876801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406918768014.

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Systematic synthesis of qualitative studies is widely used in health and social care. Regardless of the topic area, researchers need to consider several decisions when it comes to the planning and implementation of qualitative synthesis. As junior reviewers, we reflect on potential challenges and pitfalls in planning and conducting a synthesis of qualitative evidence. This article aims to elaborate on a number of key issues in order to provide insights and options on how to avoid or minimize these issues, especially for new reviewers and research students. This article examines difficulties in different stages and presents some examples of how intellectual and technical issues can be approached and resolved, including how to ensure effective identification of the relevant research to answer the review question? What are the potential pitfalls during the screening and evaluation process? The implications of different issues are examined and potential directions are discussed.

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Gewurtz, Rebecca, Mary Stergiou-Kita, Lynn Shaw, Bonnie Kirsh, and Susan Rappolt. "Qualitative Meta-Synthesis: Reflections on the Utility and Challenges in Occupational Therapy." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 75, no. 5 (December 2008): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841740807500513.

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Background. A qualitative meta-synthesis is an approach to synthesizing relevant findings from across qualitative studies on a particular topic using methods consistent with qualitative research.Purpose. Using examples of recently completed qualitative meta-synthesis projects, the purpose of this paper is to present the meta-synthesis approach; highlight the key steps, processes, and issues involved; and demonstrate its potential to advance knowledge about occupation and occupation-based practice.Key Issues. The qualitative meta-synthesis approach allows us to take stock of the current state of knowledge in a given area in order to ensure that we have explored the phenomenon from different perspectives and to begin to push the field forward by allowing us to develop deeper insights and understandings.Implications. Despite certain limitations and challenges associated with the approach, qualitative meta-syntheses can provide new knowledge through critical analysis and interpretation to inform client, practitioner, and policy audiences.

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Bosó Pérez, Raquel, Ruth Lewis, Jennifer Littlejohn, Malachi Willis, and Kirstin R. Mitchell. "Young People’s Sexual Wellbeing: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis Protocol." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 21 (January 2022): 160940692211236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069221123674.

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Sexual wellbeing is an integral part of a person’s overall sense of wellbeing. It is closely linked to physical, sexual, and mental health. Despite this, sexual wellbeing remains underexplored, including among young people (aged 16–24). This review aims to gain a greater understanding of young people’s experiences of sexual wellbeing. We will include qualitative research on young people’s lived experiences related to sexual wellbeing. We will search PROSPERO, Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and SocINDEX utilising an iterative search approach. If the volume of eligible studies for inclusion is too large to permit in-depth analysis, the team will purposively sample studies to prioritise heterogeneity and richness. The lead author will assess the eligibility of studies, carry out data extraction, and assess the methodological quality of all studies. The wider research team will independently screen papers’ title and abstract, extract data, and conduct methodological quality assessments of a subset of papers. Two reviewers will independently assess inclusion of all papers at full text. We will draw on the QuART tool to assess the methodological quality of included studies. We will utilise a thematic synthesis approach to synthesise the data and produce analytical statements. We will apply GRADE-CERQual to evaluate our confidence in each of the synthesis’ analytical statements. The team will adopt a reflexive approach throughout all stages of the qualitative evidence synthesis (QES). Research will be written up in line with ENTREQ and PRISMA-S standards. The protocol for this QES was prospectively published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROPERO) database under registration number CRD42022315593.

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나장함. "Qualitative Meta-Synthesis for Curriculum Studies." Journal of Curriculum Studies 26, no. 4 (December 2008): 229–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15708/kscs.26.4.200812.010.

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Suri, Harsh. "Purposeful Sampling in Qualitative Research Synthesis." Qualitative Research Journal 11, no. 2 (August 3, 2011): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3316/qrj1102063.

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Angeles, Jorge. "The Qualitative Synthesis of Parallel Manipulators." Journal of Mechanical Design 126, no. 4 (July 1, 2004): 617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1667955.

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As shown in this paper, when designing parallel manipulators for tasks involving less than six degrees of freedom, the topology can be laid out by resorting to qualitative reasoning. More specifically, the paper focuses on cases whereby the manipulation tasks pertain to displacements with the algebraic structure of a group. Besides the well-known planar and spherical displacements, this is the case of displacements involving: rotation about a given axis and translation in the direction of the same axis (cylindrical subgroup); translation in two and three dimensions (two- and three-dimensional translation subgroups); three independent translations and rotation about an axis of fixed direction, what is known as the Scho¨nflies subgroup; and similar to the Scho¨nflies subgroup, but with the rotation and the translation in the direction of the axis of rotation replaced by a screw displacement. For completeness, the fundamental concepts of motion representation and groups of displacements, as pertaining to rigid bodies, are first recalled. Finally, the concept of Π-joint, introduced elsewhere, is generalized to two and three degrees of freedom, thereby ending up with the Π2-and the Π3-joints, respectively.

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Hoon, Christina. "Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Case Studies." Organizational Research Methods 16, no. 4 (April 30, 2013): 522–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094428113484969.

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Beck, Cheryl Tatano. "A Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Research." MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 27, no. 4 (July 2002): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005721-200207000-00004.

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Drisko, James W. "Qualitative research synthesis: An appreciative and critical introduction." Qualitative Social Work 19, no. 4 (May 8, 2019): 736–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473325019848808.

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This paper introduces models and techniques for synthesizing multiple qualitative studies on a topic. Qualitative research synthesis is a diverse set of methods for combining the data or the results of multiple studies on a topic to generate new knowledge, theory and applications. Use of qualitative research synthesis is rapidly expanding across disciplines. Aggregative and interpretive models of qualitative research synthesis are defined and distinguished. Several interpretive models are detailed. Their strengths are identified, and their limitations and areas of methodological ambiguity are critically examined. The steps of qualitative research synthesis are discussed and challenges specific to doing qualitative synthesis are identified and explored.

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Nevedal, Andrea L., Liat Ayalon, and Sherylyn H. Briller. "A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis Review of Longitudinal Qualitative Research in Gerontology." Gerontologist 59, no. 6 (November 5, 2018): e791-e801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny134.

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Abstract Background and Objectives Gerontologists have long been interested in longitudinal qualitative research (LQR), yet ambiguity remains about best practices. The purpose of this review was to conduct a qualitative evidence synthesis to identify strengths and limitations in existing gerontological LQR. Research Design and Methods We searched for studies published in English before September 2017, using longitudinal qualitative methods and focusing on gerontology. We searched the following databases: PubMed and ProQuest. This was followed up by a snowball search to identify additional LQR articles that were not gerontologically focused but provided conceptual or methodological information to enhance gerontological LQR. Article titles and abstracts were reviewed, and selected articles were independently evaluated by all authors and summarized in a descriptive matrix based on design, analysis, and strengths and limitations. Results Our literature search resulted in 225 articles, which was then narrowed to 71 articles from 47 different journals based on our inclusion/exclusion criteria. LQR in gerontology varies considerably by study design and analysis approach. LQR design considerations involve number of time points and duration; rapport and retention; and consistent or different sampling, data collection, and measures. LQR analysis considerations involve synchronic and diachronic approaches, consistent or evolving coding, and individual- or group-level analysis. Gerontological LQR articles vary in the extent to which they address special aging considerations. Discussion and Implications This review indicates that there are areas where gerontological LQR can be strengthened going forward. We provide researchers with strategies to improve LQR rigor in our field and beyond.

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Booth, Andrew. "Harnessing Energies, Resolving Tensions: Acknowledging a Dual Heritage for Qualitative Evidence Synthesis." Qualitative Health Research 29, no. 1 (December 12, 2018): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732318808247.

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Qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) encompasses more than 20 methods for synthesizing qualitative accounts of research phenomena documenting real-life contexts. However, tensions frequently arise from the different heritages that shape QES methodology: namely, systematic reviews of effectiveness and primary qualitative research. Methodological innovations either derive from each heritage or are stimulated when both are in juxtaposition; it is important to broker a rapprochement. This article draws on practical experience from a range of syntheses and methodological development work conducted with the Cochrane Qualitative and Implementation Methods Group. The legacy of both heritages is briefly characterized. Three stages of the QES process offer exemplars: searching/sampling, quality assessment, and data synthesis. Rather than an antagonistic clash of research paradigms, this dual heritage offers an opportunity to harness the collective energies of both paradigms. Future methodological research is needed to identify further applications by which this dual heritage might be optimally harnessed.

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Jiang, Songyu, and Ruihui Pu. "Reconceptualizing and modeling sustainable consumption behavior: A synthesis of qualitative evidence from online education industry." Innovative Marketing 17, no. 3 (September 20, 2021): 144–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.17(3).2021.12.

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In recent years, the concept of sustainable consumption behavior (SCB) is largely introduced and changed continuously to be discussed with industries such as energy sector, agriculture, transportation, sharing economy, and tourism. However, the study of sustainable consumption behavior in the online education industry (SCBOEI) remains a research gap. Thus, this paper aims to identify the significance of sustainable consumption behavior and theoretically conceptualize SCBOEI. This study employs content and text analysis to reconceptualize the major theories that contribute to the research of SCB. The findings in this study show that SCBOEI is contributed of great significance to promote sustainable development. In addition, this study introduces a model of SCBOEI, in which the consumer value theory, social exchange theory, and planned behavior theory are integrated. Additionally, this paper suggests that value, environmental attitude, identity, consumer engagement, and contextual factors (government behavior, market conditions, and environmental education) are highly important to extend the research on SCBOEI. In conclusion, this study strongly recommends that SCB research shall be directed to the online education industry. Furthermore, future studies shall emphasize the empirical effects of psychological factors, activity factors, and contextual factors for SCBOEI to find the correlation.

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Sherwood,, Gwen. "Meta-Synthesis: Merging Qualitative Studies to Develop Nursing Knowledge." International Journal of Human Caring 3, no. 1 (February 1999): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20467/1091-5710.3.1.37.

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As the numbers of qualitative studies on a specific topic multiply, synthesis of the merged results helps to clarify the state of the field based on the research analysis. By apprehending and re-presenting findings from studies on a related topic through meta-synthesis, findings from single qualitative studies become more meaningful. The purpose of a meta-synthesis is to identify the extant qualitative research on a given topic and to translate the findings into a single representation offering a fuller understanding of the phenomenon. Synthesis of the commonalties emerging from the results of individual studies enables research on specific interventions to test their usefulness in nursing. The importance of systematic, integrative, synthesized results of non-experimental studies is underscored by the IAHC’s 1998 Synthesis Challenge. Meta-synthesis provides a needed model for conceptualizing a systematically derived research synthesis to guide development of individualized care interventions with predictable therapeutic outcomes.

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Long, Hannah A., David P. French, and Joanna M. Brooks. "Optimising the value of the critical appraisal skills programme (CASP) tool for quality appraisal in qualitative evidence synthesis." Research Methods in Medicine & Health Sciences 1, no. 1 (August 6, 2020): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2632084320947559.

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The value of qualitative evidence synthesis for informing healthcare policy and practice within evidence-based medicine is increasingly recognised. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding how to judge the methodological quality of qualitative studies being synthesised and debates around the extent to which such assessment is possible and appropriate. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool is the most commonly used tool for quality appraisal in health-related qualitative evidence syntheses, with endorsement from the Cochrane Qualitative and Implementation Methods Group. The tool is recommended for novice qualitative researchers, but there is little existing guidance on its application. This article considers issues related to the suitability and usability of the CASP tool for quality appraisal in qualitative evidence synthesis in order to support and improve future appraisal exercises framed by the tool. We reflect on our practical experience of using the tool in a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. We discuss why it is worth considering a study’s underlying theoretical, ontological and epistemological framework and how this could be incorporated into the tool by way of a novel question. We consider how particular features of the tool may impact its interpretation, the appraisal results and the subsequent synthesis. We discuss how to use quality appraisal results to inform the next stages of evidence synthesis and present a novel approach to organising the synthesis, whereby studies deemed to be of higher quality contribute relatively more to the synthesis. We propose tool modifications, user guidance, and areas for future methodological research.

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Keane, Sinéad, Aoife Ryan, Niamh Adams, and Maura Dowling. "Palliative care nurses' experiences of clinical supervision: a qualitative evidence synthesis." International Journal of Palliative Nursing 26, no. 8 (December 2, 2020): 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2020.26.8.413.

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Background: Clinical supervision provides support and facilitates professional and personal development. Aim: To identify and synthesise all available qualitative research on palliative care nurses' experiences of clinical supervision. Methods: Guided by the ‘enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research’ (ENTREQ) statement, eight databases were searched using a systematic search strategy (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase, Psychological and Behavioural Sciences). The findings of all included studies were analysed guided by Thomas and Harden's approach. Confidence in the review findings was determined guided by Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (GRADE-CERQual). Findings: Nine qualitative studies were included in this synthesis and four analytic themes were identified: negative experiences and misunderstandings of clinical supervision; clinical supervision needs structure and clarity; supervisor needs to be a conductor and a producer; finding your ‘inner supervisor’. Conclusion: The review illuminates the benefits of clinical supervision as a renewal process for palliative care (PC) nurses, but also highlights the challenges in its provision. Organisations should provide designated time and opportunities for PC nurses to attend clinical supervision sessions during working hours.

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Traeger, Adrian C., Benjamin J. Reed, Denise A. O’Connor, Tammy C. Hoffmann, Gustavo C. Machado, Carissa Bonner, Chris G. Maher, and Rachelle Buchbinder. "Clinician, patient and general public beliefs about diagnostic imaging for low back pain: protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis." BMJ Open 8, no. 2 (February 2018): e019470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019470.

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IntroductionLittle is known about how to reduce unnecessary imaging for low back pain. Understanding clinician, patient and general public beliefs about imaging is critical to developing strategies to reduce overuse.ObjectiveTo synthesise qualitative research that has explored clinician, patient or general public beliefs about diagnostic imaging for low back pain.Methods and analysisWe will perform a qualitative evidence synthesis of relevant qualitative research exploring clinician, patient and general public beliefs about diagnostic imaging for low back pain. Exclusions will be studies not using qualitative methods and studies not published in English. Studies will be identified using sensitive search strategies in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED and PsycINFO. Two reviewers will independently apply inclusion and exclusion criteria, extract data, and use the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme quality assessment tool to assess the quality of included studies. To synthesise the data we will use a narrative synthesis approach that involves developing a theoretical model, conducting a preliminary synthesis, exploring relations in the data, and providing a structured summary. We will code the data using NVivo. At least two reviewers will independently apply the thematic framework to extracted data. Confidence in synthesis findings will be evaluated using the GRADE Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research tool.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required to conduct this review. We will publish the results in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017076047.

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Hott, Brittany L., and Rebecca Anne Dibbs. "A Qualitative Synthesis of Algebra Intervention Research." International Journal of Research in Education and Science 6, no. 1 (November 8, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijres.v6i1.454.

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Completion of a quality Algebra course by 8th grade is a prerequisite for successful entry into STEM majors; thus best practices in this critical course must be as equitable as possible to support STEM recruitment and retention. However, if the research base for Algebra is under-examines some populations of students, structural inequity may be unintentionally built into evidence-based practices. The purpose of this synthesis is to examine the ways in which qualitative Algebra strategy research did –or did not- account for equity issues including gender, SES, rural students, special education status, ethnicity, and native language through theoretical and participant choices. This synthesis used qualitative research integration techniques to provide a summary of fifty-eight qualitative investigations of Algebra 1 teaching strategies. The majority of studies specified constructivism, social constructivism, and situated cognition theoretical frameworks or did not specify a theoretical framework. The majority of research questions addressed the effectiveness of a particular pedagogical technique or intervention. Results suggest that the majority of study participants were Caucasian students from suburban localities and did not include sufficient detail necessary for replication.

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Son, Haeng-Mi. "A Literature Review for Qualitative Meta-Synthesis." Korean Association for Qualitative Research 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.48000/kaqrkr.2020.5.109.

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Bradley, Bret, Joann Keyton, Chandler Marr, Ryan Bisel, and Pavitra Kavya. "Meta Synthesis of the Qualitative Team Literature." Academy of Management Proceedings 2021, no. 1 (August 2021): 13736. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2021.13736abstract.

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Moeller, Kim, Heith Copes, and Andy Hochstetler. "Advancing restrictive deterrence: A qualitative meta-synthesis." Journal of Criminal Justice 46 (September 2016): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2016.03.004.

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Eilertsen, Grethe, Heidi Ormstad, and Marit Kirkevold. "Experiences of poststroke fatigue: qualitative meta-synthesis." Journal of Advanced Nursing 69, no. 3 (September 3, 2012): 514–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jan.12002.

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Ceci, Stephen J., and Wendy M. Williams. "A Qualitative Synthesis of the Flynn Effect." Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives 14, no. 2 (April 2, 2016): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15366367.2016.1173949.

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McNaughton, Diane B. "A Synthesis of Qualitative Home Visiting Research." Public Health Nursing 17, no. 6 (November 2000): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1446.2000.00405.x.

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Haynes, Emily, Ruth Garside, Judith Green, Michael P. Kelly, James Thomas, and Cornelia Guell. "Semiautomated text analytics for qualitative data synthesis." Research Synthesis Methods 10, no. 3 (July 9, 2019): 452–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1361.

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Majid, Umair, and Meredith Vanstone. "Appraising Qualitative Research for Evidence Syntheses: A Compendium of Quality Appraisal Tools." Qualitative Health Research 28, no. 13 (July 26, 2018): 2115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732318785358.

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As the movement toward evidence-based health policy continues to emphasize the importance of including patient and public perspectives, syntheses of qualitative health research are becoming more common. In response to the focus on independent assessments of rigor in these knowledge products, over 100 appraisal tools for assessing the quality of qualitative research have been developed. The variety of appraisal tools exhibit diverse methods and purposes, reflecting the lack of consensus as to what constitutes appropriate quality criteria for qualitative research. It is a daunting task for those without deep familiarity of the field to choose the best appraisal tool for their purpose. This article provides a description of the structure, content, and objectives of existing appraisal tools for those wanting to evaluate primary qualitative research for a qualitative evidence synthesis. We then discuss common features of appraisal tools and examine their implications for evidence synthesis.

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Glenton, Claire, Simon Lewin, Soo Downe, Elizabeth Paulsen, Susan Munabi-Babigumira, Marit Johansen, Smisha Agarwal, et al. "Qualitative Evidence Syntheses Within Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care: Developing a Template and Guidance." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 20 (January 2021): 160940692110419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069211041959.

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A growing number of researchers are preparing systematic reviews of qualitative evidence, often referred to as ‘qualitative evidence syntheses’. Cochrane published its first qualitative evidence synthesis in 2013 and published 27 such syntheses and protocols by August 2020. Most of these syntheses have explored how people experience or value different health conditions, treatments and outcomes. Several have been used by guideline producers and others to identify the topics that matter to people, consider the acceptability and feasibility of different healthcare options and identify implementation considerations, thereby complementing systematic reviews of intervention effectiveness.Guidance on how to conduct and report qualitative evidence syntheses exists. However, methods are evolving, and we still have more to learn about how to translate and integrate existing methodological guidance into practice. Cochrane’s Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) ( www.epoc.org ) has been involved in many of Cochrane’s qualitative evidence syntheses through the provision of editorial guidance and support and through co-authorship. In this article, we describe the development of a template and guidance for EPOC’s qualitative evidence syntheses and reflect on this process.

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Farrar, Nicola, Daisy Elliott, Marcus Jepson, Catherine Houghton, Bridget Young, Jenny Donovan, and Leila Rooshenas. "Recruiters’ perspectives and experiences of trial recruitment processes: a qualitative evidence synthesis protocol." BMJ Open 11, no. 10 (October 2021): e045233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045233.

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IntroductionRecruitment to randomised trials (RCTs) is often challenging. Reviews of interventions to improve recruitment have highlighted a paucity of effective interventions aimed at recruiters and the need for further research in this area. Understanding the perspectives and experiences of those involved in RCT recruitment can help to identify barriers and facilitators to recruitment, and subsequently inform future interventions to support recruitment. This protocol describes methods for a proposed qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) of recruiters’ perspectives and experiences relating to RCT recruitment.Methods and analysisThe proposed review will synthesise studies reporting clinical and non-clinical recruiters’ perspectives and experiences of recruiting to RCTs. The following databases will be searched: Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ORRCA and Web of Science. A thematic synthesis approach to analysing the data will be used. An assessment of methodological limitations of each study will be performed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Assessing the confidence in the review findings will be evaluated using the GRADE Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (GRADE-CERQual) tool.Ethics and disseminationThe proposed QES will not require ethical approval as it includes only published literature. The results of the synthesis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and publicised using social media. The results will be considered alongside other work addressing factors affecting recruitment in order to inform future development and refinement of recruitment interventions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020141297.

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Lekan, Deborah A., Susan K. Collins, and Audai A. Hayajneh. "Definitions of Frailty in Qualitative Research: A Qualitative Systematic Review." Journal of Aging Research 2021 (June 2, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6285058.

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The purpose of this qualitative systematic review was to examine how frailty was conceptually and operationally defined for participant inclusion in qualitative research focused on the lived experience of frailty in community-living frail older adults. Search of six electronic databases, 1994–2019, yielded 25 studies. Data collection involved extracting the definition of frailty from the study aim, background, literature review, methods, and sampling strategy in each research study. Quality appraisal indicated that 13 studies (52%) demonstrated potential researcher bias based on insufficient information about participant recruitment, sampling, and relationship between the researcher and participant. Content analysis and concept mapping were applied for data synthesis. Although frailty was generally defined as a multidimensional, biopsychosocial construct with loss of resilience and vulnerability to adverse outcomes, most studies defined the study population based on older age and physical impairments derived from subjective assessment by the researcher, a healthcare professional, or a family member. However, 13 studies (52%) used objective or performance-based quantitative measures to classify participant frailty. There was no consistency across studies in standardized measures or objective assessment of frailty. Synthesis of the findings yielded four themes: Time, Vulnerability, Loss, and Relationships. The predominance of older age and physical limitations as defining characteristics of frailty raises questions about whether participants were frail, since many older adults at advanced age and with physical limitations are not frail. Lack of clear criteria to classify frailty and reliance on subjective assessment introduces the risk for bias, threatens the validity and interpretation of findings, and hinders transferability of findings to other contexts. Clear frailty inclusion and exclusion criteria and a standardized approach in the reporting of how frailty is conceptually and operationally defined in study abstracts and the methodology used is necessary to facilitate dissemination and development of metasynthesis studies that aggregate qualitative research findings that can be used to inform future research and applications in clinical practice to improve healthcare.

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Ede, Jody, Verity Westgate, Tatjana Petrinic, Julie Darbyshire, and Peter J. Watkinson. "How human factors affect escalation of care: a protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis of studies." BMJ Open 9, no. 4 (April 2019): e025969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025969.

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IntroductionFailure to rescue is defined as mortality after complications during hospital care. Incidence ranges 10.9%–13.3% and several national reports such as National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcomes and Death and National Institute of Clinical Excellence CG 50 highlight failure to rescue as a significant problem for safe patient care.To avoid failure to rescue events, there must be successful escalation of care. Studies indicate that human factors such as situational awareness, team working, communication and a culture promoting safety contribute to avoidance of failure to rescue events. Understanding human factors is essential to developing work systems that mitigate barriers and facilitate prompt escalation of care. This qualitative evidence synthesis will identify and synthesise what is known about the human factors that affect escalation of care.Methods and analysisWe will search MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid) and CINAHL, between database inception and 2018, for studies describing human factors affecting failure to rescue and/or care escalation. A search strategy was developed by two researchers and a medical librarian. Only studies exploring in-hospital (ward) populations using qualitative data collection methods will be included. Screening will be conducted by two researchers. We are likely to undertake a thematic synthesis, using the Thomas and Harden framework. Selected studies will be assessed for quality, rigour and limitations. Two researchers will extract and thematically synthesise codes using a piloted data extraction tool to develop analytical themes.Ethics and disseminationThe qualitative evidence synthesis will use available published literature and no ethical approval is required. This synthesis will be limited by the quality of studies, rigour and reproducibility of study findings. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, publicised at conferences and on social media.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018104745.

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Khan, Nagina, Peter Bower, and Anne Rogers. "Guided self-help in primary care mental health." British Journal of Psychiatry 191, no. 3 (September 2007): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.032011.

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BackgroundThere is a gap between the supply of trained cognitive – behavioural therapists to treat depression and demand for care in the community. There is interest in the potential of self-help interventions, which require less input from a therapist. However, the design of effective self-help interventions is complex. Qualitative research can help to explore some of this complexity Aims The study aimed to identify qualitative studies of patient experience of depression management in primary care, synthesise these studies to develop an explanatory framework, and then apply this framework to the development of a guided self-help intervention for depression.MethodA meta-synthesis was conducted of published qualitative research.ResultsThe synthesis revealed a number of themes, including the nature of personal experience in depression; help-seeking in primary care; control and helplessness in engagement with treatment; stigma associated with treatment; and patients' understandings of self-help interventions.ConclusionsThis meta-synthesis of qualitative studies provided a useful explanatory framework for the development of effective and acceptable guided self-help interventions for depression.

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Rice, G. W., and R. L. Woodin. "Kinetics and mechanism of laser-driven powder synthesis from organosilane precursors." Journal of Materials Research 4, no. 6 (December 1989): 1538–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1989.1538.

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Laser-driven synthesis of refractory powders from the organosilicon compounds ((CH3)3Si)2NH and ((CH3)3Si)2O has been studied as prototypical of powder syntheses from large molecules. A cw CO2 laser is used for powder syntheses and pulsed TEA CO2 laser-driven homogeneous pyrolysis is used to study the initiation chemistry. Initial decomposition of the organosilanes by Si–C bond cleavage initiates free radical chain reactions which produce organosilicon polymers and subsequent refractory phases. A qualitative model is proposed which provides a framework for understanding the parameters influencing powder synthesis from large molecules.

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Herber, Oliver Rudolf, and Julie Barroso. "Lessons learned from applying Sandelowski and Barroso’s approach for synthesising qualitative research." Qualitative Research 20, no. 4 (July 12, 2019): 414–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794119862440.

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Despite the proliferation of differing methods for synthesising qualitative research, Sandelowski and Barroso’s approach stands out because it is a stimulus to thinking and creativity. Yet, when applying the approach within our qualitative meta-summary and meta-synthesis project, we encountered some methodological challenges. Key aspects of the approach are outlined and juxtaposed with how we handled them in practical terms thereby entering into a methodological discussion based on the existing international research synthesis literature. For example, we encountered challenges pertaining to the researchers’ underlying epistemological assumptions, the composition of the research team, the construction of a feasible research question, the application of critical appraisal tools and the determination of an appropriate cut-off point for effect sizes to create a more parsimonious theory. From that reflective process, we draw out lessons learned for each aspect to provide neophyte researchers with valuable information that can increase the validity of future meta-syntheses projects.

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Britten, Nicky, Rona Campbell, Catherine Pope, Jenny Donovan, Myfanwy Morgan, and Roisin Pill. "Using meta ethnography to synthesise qualitative research: a worked example." Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 7, no. 4 (October 1, 2002): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/135581902320432732.

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Objectives: To demonstrate the benefits of applying meta ethnography to the synthesis of qualitative research, by means of a worked example. Methods: Four papers about lay meanings of medicines were arbitrarily chosen. Noblit and Hare's seven-step process for conducting a meta ethnography was employed: getting started; deciding what is relevant to the initial interest; reading the studies; determining how the studies are related; translating the studies into one another; synthesising translations; and expressing the synthesis. Results: Six key concepts were identified: adherence/compliance; self-regulation; aversion; alternative coping strategies; sanctions; and selective disclosure. Four second-order interpretations (derived from the chosen papers) were identified, on the basis of which four third-order interpretations (based on the key concepts and second-order interpretations) were constructed. These were all linked together in a line of argument that accounts for patients' medicine-taking behaviour and communication with health professionals in different settings. Third-order interpretations were developed which were not only consistent with the original results but also extended beyond them. Conclusions: It is possible to use meta ethnography to synthesise the results of qualitative research. The worked example has produced middle-range theories in the form of hypotheses that could be tested by other researchers.

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Hayden, Lucy, Emma Byrne, Avril Deegan, Simon Dunne, and Pamela Gallagher. "A qualitative meta-synthesis examining spirituality as experienced by individuals living with terminal cancer." Health Psychology Open 9, no. 2 (July 2022): 205510292211215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20551029221121526.

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This review aimed to examine and synthesise literature on spirituality as experienced by individuals living with terminal cancer. Six databases were systematically searched for studies with qualitative findings relevant to spirituality and terminal cancer. Thirty-seven studies were included and thematic synthesis was used to identify themes. Analytical themes included: making sense of dying; living with dying; feeling connected; and being reflective. This review highlights how the experience of spirituality can positively impact the lives of terminal cancer patients. Further, these findings suggest that spirituality can be a transformative experience that allows individuals to experience peace at end of life.

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Armstrong, Megan, Nuriye Kupeli, Kate Flemming, Patrick Stone, Susie Wilkinson, and Bridget Candy. "Complementary therapy in palliative care: A synthesis of qualitative and quantitative systematic reviews." Palliative Medicine 34, no. 10 (July 15, 2020): 1332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216320942450.

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Background: Interventions delivered in palliative care are complex and their evaluation through qualitative and quantitative research can lead to contrasting results. In a systematic review of trials, the effectiveness results of complementary therapies in palliative care were inconclusive; however, our qualitative synthesis showed participants perceived them to be beneficial. Aim: Use a novel methodology to synthesise evidence from qualitative and quantitative systematic reviews on complementary therapy in palliative care to explore the following: (1) If interventions delivered in trials reflect how participants in qualitative studies report they are delivered in real-life settings and (2) whether quality of life measures used in trials capture perceived benefits that are reported in qualitative studies. Methods: Two matrix tables were formulated. In one, key components in delivery of the complementary therapy from the qualitative synthesis which are as follows: (1) relationship with therapist, (2) comfortable environment, (3) choices (e.g. area of massage) and (4) frequent sessions, were plotted against intervention description, to explore matches and mismatches. In the other, items included in quality of life scales were compared with perceived benefits of complementary therapy. Results: None of the trials included all four key delivery components. The five quality of life scales used in the trials failed to capture the range of perceived benefits from the complementary therapies and many included inappropriate or redundant items. Conclusions: By integrating qualitative and quantitative review data, we determined the reasons trials may be inconclusive. This methodological exemplar provides a framework for understanding complexity in outcomes across trials and a direction for future research.

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Alhosis, Khaled. "Adaptive Leadership Among Nurses: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis." Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences 7, no. 2 (2019): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/mjhs.2019.02.007.

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Park, Daekwon, Beomcheol Shin, and Seung-Ho Lee. "Qualitative Meta-synthesis on the Free Semester Policy." Korea Society Of The Politics Of Education 26, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 133–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.52183/kspe.2019.26.1.133.

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Finlayson, Kenneth W., and Annie Dixon. "Qualitative meta-synthesis: a guide for the novice." Nurse Researcher 15, no. 2 (January 2008): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/nr2008.01.15.2.59.c6330.

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Harkess, Shirley, Anne Statham, Eleanor M. Miller, and Hans O. Mauksch. "The Worth of Women's Work: A Qualitative Synthesis." Contemporary Sociology 18, no. 1 (January 1989): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2071941.

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Ray, Carol Axtell, Anne Stathman, Eleanor M. Miller, and Hans O. Mauksch. "The Worth of Women's Work: A Qualitative Synthesis." Social Forces 68, no. 2 (December 1989): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2579278.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Qualitative synthesis'

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