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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Qaeda'
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Singh, Dushyant. "Al Qaeda as a charismatic phenomenon." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Jun/09Jun%5FSingh.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Roberts, Nancy. "June 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on 13 July 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Al Qaeda, Osama bin Laden, charisma, charismatic, radicalism, terrorism, insurgencies, radical social movements, cohesion, power structure, flux, control, communion, stability, Islam, Islamic. Includes bibliographical references (p. 139-145). Also available in print.
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Kraner, Timothy A. "Al Qaeda in Iraq : demobilizing the threat. /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Dec%5FKraner.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2005.Thesis Advisor(s): James Russell, Karen Guttieri. Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-154). Also available online.
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Kamolnick, Paul. "Delegitimizing Al-Qaeda: A Jihad-Realist Approach." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/123.
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Disrupting, dismantling, and ultimately defeating al-Qaeda based and inspired terrorism is a declared policy of the U.S. Government. Three key strategic objectives have been identified for accomplishing this: attacking al-Qaeda’s terror network, undermining radicalization and recruitment, and hardening homeland defense. The present monograph proposes a distinct "jihad-realist" approach for undermining radicalization and recruitment to al-Qaeda. First, a brief discussion of six means for ending terrorist organizations is provided. Second, the premises of a jihad-realist approach are described. Third, a jihad-realist shari’a case against al-Qaeda’s terrorism is presented. In conclusion, key assertions are summarized, and several specific policy recommendations offered for national security personnel charged with formulating and executing counterterrorist messaging strategy.https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1129/thumbnail.jpg
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Hoffman, Hailey Anne. "Does al-Qaeda matter for Africa? how affiliation with al-Qaeda influences the behavior of African Sunni extremist groups /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/647971267/viewonline.
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Browne, William W. "Constituency constraints on violence Al-Qaeda and WMD." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FBrowne.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Michael Freeman, James Russell. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-72). Also available in print.
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Forster, Benjamin S. "The Global Expansion of the Al Qaeda Franchise." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/178.
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This thesis examines how the international terrorist group known as Al Qaeda has expanded its operations globally since 9/11. Case studies of Al Qaeda’s operations in the Arabian Peninsula, the United Kingdom, and the United States illustrate how the organization has exploited diverse environmental conditions to achieve either a limited or fully integrated local presence. This thesis argues that Al Qaeda has evolved into a highly diffuse and decentralized franchise that exercises little command and control over its organizational arms.
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Ozyilmaz, Betul. "Political Psychology In Understanding Al-qaeda: Why And How?" Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614358/index.pdf.
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This thesis is concerned with political psychology as an academic field with regard to the explanatory power of political psychology accounts in understanding the al-Qaeda network. Understanding al-Qaeda as a network of cells dispersed worldwide and in cooperation with local militant Islamist groups requires analysis at individual and group level, a multidisciplinary and multimethod research and focus on context and process. In this sense, political psychology accounts appear to have explanatory power to understand the al-Qaeda network, utilizing the defining characteristics of the field. Analyzing al-Qaeda through the lenses of political psychology, it can be concluded that psychoanalytically based approaches may not be very relevant to approach al-Qaeda. In this regard, this thesis promotes the study of the al-Qaeda network by concentrating on the group level of analysis. In this context, sociological accounts, social psychological framework of moral disengagement mechanisms, developmental psychology approach of social learning theory and large group in its own right provide us with powerful frameworks to study the causes, process and effects of al-Qaeda&rsquos terrorist activities.
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Lewis, W. Kimball. "Al Qaeda and the Arab Spring -- an ideological assessment." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27859.
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The Arab Spring of 2011 resulted in widespread unrest as Muslims protested against long-standing, oppressive regimes. Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, and Bahrain found themselves at a crossroads between reform and chaos. The Muslim Ummah was ripe for influence from provocative voices such as Al Qaeda. Al Qaedas rhetoric failed to capitalize on this golden opportunity, however. It issued a number of statements to the people of the Muslim world that demonstrated its inability to find relevance during this time of change. Its narrative of jihad against the Far Enemy failed to resonate with Tunisians who sought greater economic opportunity, with Egyptians who wanted greater self-determination, or with Libyans who were joined by Western nations to topple Gaddafi. To Bahrainis, who underwent a struggle for change against King Khalifa and his security forces, Al Qaeda was notably silent. Al Qaeda and its affiliates missed this golden opportunity to reverse the decline in support it had experienced since September 11, 2001. Its statements reveal a lack of new ideas and older ones that are often inconsistent among its affiliates, and expose fissures within the network. As its messaging demonstrates, Al Qaeda likely will experience continued decline and marginalization in the years to come.
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Rodriguez, Ismael R. "To the greatest lengths al Qaeda, proximity, and recruitment risk." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/4948.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedIn October 2007, a raid in the town of Sinjar, Iraq produced a large trove of foreign fighter personnel records. In the years since this discovery, researchers have used this data in an effort to illuminate the places from which recruits joined Al Qaeda and associated movements. While that research is important, it has placed little emphasis on the particular hometowns of these fighters. Thus, building upon social movement theory, environmental criminology, and geospatial analysis techniques, this research will build and test several spatial regression models of the factors potentially contributing to Al Qaeda recruitment patterns in North Africa. Moreover, this study also applies a new spatial crime analysis technique that maps risk terrain in a process using environmental factors to calculate the risk of recruitment. In all, these spatially integrated social science techniques hold great potential for improving intelligence support to ongoing contingency operations.
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Hodges, Robert Andrew. "Ideological Foundations of Jihadist Organizations: Hizbullah, al-Qaeda, and IS." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86655.
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This thesis explores the ideological foundations of three jihadist organizations, Hizbullah, al-Qaeda, and Islamic State (IS). All three are categorized as international terrorist organizations but their goals differ. Hizbullah seeks to alter the government within Lebanon, al-Qaeda seeks to eliminate Western influences in Muslim inhabited territories, and IS seeks to create a caliphate within a large portion of the Middle East. The similarities and differences of these three organizations will be illuminated through this examination. The primary focus of the examination focuses on their religious teachings and discourse, as this is a critical aspect of their ideologies. Through this examination, the differences in discourse coinciding with the differing goals of each organization is presented. The discourse of each organization facilitates their goals, recruitment of fighters, and explanation of their actions. Self/other identification is a commonality of all three ideologies but the identification of the other is different according to each organizations goals. This thesis will highlight this aspect and allow for further discussion of the three organizations in future research. The conclusion will allow for discussion as to who gains and maintains power and whether religion is a base or merely a tool for this power.Master of Arts
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Nóbrega, Carla José Moniz Ferreira de. "Al-Qaeda: análise estratégica da maior organização terrorista do século XXI." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6182.
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Tese de Mestrado em EstratégiaO terrorismo é uma ameaça actual que afecta todo o Mundo. Frequentemente, os meios de comunicação de todo o Mundo noticiam diferentes ataques terroristas nas mais variadas zonas geográficas. Assim, o terrorismo têm-se tornado, nos últimos anos num assunto de destaque no domínio internacional. Utilizando o medo como uma arma, o terrorismo obriga, por vezes, os Estados a redefinirem as suas políticas interna e externa, para que possam estar mais adequadamente preparados para lidar com essa ameaça. A Al-Qaeda transformou-se, especialmente desde os ataques de 11 de Setembro de 2001, numa das mais conhecidas organizações terroristas do mundo. Esta dissertação tem o objectivo de investigar, expor e analisar as formas de organização estrutural de funcionamento e de liderança da Al-Qaeda, bem como explorar o significado e as consequências da morte de Osama Bin Laden para a organização terrorista. O conhecimento mais aprofundado da organização e da sua forma de funcionamento poderão, no futuro, contribuir para a criação de estratégias de defesa contra a ameaça terrorista.
Terrorism is a current threat that affects the whole world. Often, media outlets around the world report terrorist attacks in various different geographical areas. Thus, terrorism has become in recent years a prominent subject in the international sphere. Using fear as a weapon, terrorism, sometimes, forces States to redefine their internal and external policies so that those States can be adequately prepared to deal with this threat. Al-Qaeda has become, especially since the attacks of September 11, 2001, one of the best known terrorist organizations in the world. This dissertation paper aims to investigate, expose and analyze the forms of organization and leadership of Al-Qaeda, as well as explore the meaning and consequences of the death of Osama Bin Laden to the terrorist organization. A deeper understanding of Al-Qaeda’s organization and the way it operates may, in the future, contribute to the creation of protective strategies against the terrorist threa
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Lundborg, Regnér Anna. "A greater evil – the emerging role of women in al Qaeda." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324382.
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DePoyster, Jonathan. "Al-Qaeda and the American counterterrorism community: shifting practices, 1991-2013." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119747.
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This thesis examines variation in the practices of al-Qaeda and the American counterterrorism community. It posits that the interaction of two permissive factors, background knowledge and relational structure, goes a long way in explaining shifts in the practices of both communities. Through a case study of the interaction of the two communities between 1991 and 2013, it analyzes changes in these two variables to explain shifts in practice during that time period. The thesis demonstrates that through a process of mutual reaction, changes in al-Qaeda practices modify background knowledge and relational structure in the American counterterrorism community, and vice versa, encouraging the adoption of new practices by both actors.Ce mémoire examine les variations dans les pratiques d'al-Qaida et de la communauté américaine du contre-terrorisme. Il avance que l'interaction de deux facteurs permissifs, la connaissance pratique et la structure relationnelle, contribue considérablement à expliquer des changements dans les pratiques des deux groupes. Grâce à une étude de cas de l'interaction des deux communautés entre 1991 et 2013, il analyse des changements dans ces deux variables pour expliquer des changements dans les pratiques à travers cette période. Le mémoire montre que par un processus de réaction mutuelle, des changements dans les pratiques d'al-Qaida modifient la connaissance pratique et la structure relationnelle dans la communauté américaine du contre-terrorisme, et vice versa, encourageant l'adoption de nouvelles pratiques par les deux acteurs.
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Alves, José Belmiro. "Desafios no Século XXI: terrorismo islâmico e crime." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/1944.
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Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em em Relações Internacionais com o Mundo Árabe e Islâmico.Este estudo almeja dar a conhecer os perigos vários em que se encontra o mundo no século XXI dada a mutação ocorrida na forma de fazer terrorismo com a entrada em cena de novos actores assimétricos como a Al Qaeda, entre outros. Outro fenómeno motivo de grande preocupação é a simbiose entre o terrorismo e o crime organizado, capaz de colocar em causa as estruturas mais basilares do Estado-Nação. Sendo aqui que residirá o maior desafio do actual século que é tentar encontrar soluções que permitam aplacar a indisfarçável conexão entre terrorismo e crime organizado. This study aims to raise awareness about the many dangers facing the world in the 21th Century, given the mutation that occurred in terrorism due to the appearance of new asymetric actors on the scene such as Al Qaeda, inter alia. Another phenomenon of great concern is the symbiosis between terrorism and organised crime, which may threaten the most basic structures of the nation state. This is arguably the biggest challenge of this century: trying to find solutions to mitigate the connection between terrorism and organised crime.
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Kiser, Steve. "Financing terror : an analysis and simulation for affecting al Qaeda's financial infrastruture /." Santa Monica, Calif. : RAND, 2005. http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgs%5Fdissertations/2005/RAND%5FRGSD185.pdf.
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Presented as the author's doctoral dissertation, Pardee Rand Graduate School, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 223-243). Also available electronically via the World Wide Web in PDF format.
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Kilian, Clive Linton. "The status of the Al Qaeda and Taliban detainees at Guantanamo bay." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/826.
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The United States of America has in its custody several hundred Taliban and Al Qaeda combatants who were captured after the September 11, 2001 attack and during the war in Afghanistan. These prisoners are incarcerated at the Guantanamo naval base in Cuba. The treatment given to these detainees has elicited widespread criticism, as well as unprecedented intellectual and legal debates regarding prisoners of war. In order to fully understand the position of the Guantanamo Bay detainees, one has to be aware of the origins of the prisoner-of-war phenomenon. From biblical times, through the countless conflicts that were waged across the globe through the ages, the concept of “prisoner of war” gradually evolved. Growing concern for the plight of prisoners of war was paralleled by the development of the laws of war, which sought to regulate the conduct of combatants during an armed conflict. The laws of war that have bearing on modern day States are those documented in the Geneva Conventions. The Geneva Conventions regulate armed conflicts and set out the requirements for prisoners of war, as well as their trial rights. The United States, in declaring the Guantanamo Bay detainees “unlawful combatants” or “illegal enemy combatants”, terms which are undefined in International Law, have sought to evade the prescripts of the Geneva Conventions. In direct contravention of the Geneva Conventions, the Guantanamo Bay detainees are denied the right to humane treatment, a fair trial and due process of the law. Prior to Hamdan vs Rumsfeld, the United States’ position was challenged with very little success. The Supreme Court, in Hamdan vs Rumsfeld, directed the president to accord the detainees the protections of the Third Geneva Convention. The relief brought by this decision was very short lived. In September 2006 the United States Congress passed the Military Commissions Act of 2006. This Bill gives the president of the United States unfettered power in dealing with anyone suspected of being a threat to the State, as well as the authorisation to interpret and apply the Geneva Conventions according to his sole discretion.
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Kamolnick, Paul. "Countering Radicalization and Recruitment to Al-Qaeda: Fighting the War of Deeds." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/122.
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This Letort Paper proposes that actions, policies, and deeds—those of the U.S. Government and al-Qaeda—be leveraged as a means of delegitimizing al-Qaeda terrorist propaganda. Two chief fronts—changing deeds and challenging deeds—is proposed. Changing deeds requires that the United States carefully and systematically examine its own foreign and military policies and their specific consequences for the Arab and Muslim world. Challenging deeds comprises systematically countering with evidence and fact al-Qaeda’s two greatest propagandistic fabrications: that the United States is a crusader at war with Islam, and that al-Qaeda is the vanguard defender of a besieged and oppressed Muslim Umma. Provocative at times, and even controversial in its willingness to reconsider long-standing U.S. Government policies, this Letort Paper is adamant that it is not spin, empty platitudes, and “lipstick on pigs,” but actual deeds, that are our surest bet for defeating this ignoble adversary.https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1128/thumbnail.jpg
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Pataudi, Ibrahim. "Al-Qaeda in Syria: implications for Middle Eastern Security and U.S Foreign Policy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/977.
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This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive description and analysis of Al-Qaeda affiliates fighting in Syria. The implications for Middle Eastern Security, US foreign policy and Islamic extremism in the future are projected.
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Karlsson, Matilda. "Islamic Terrorism : A qualitative, comparative case study between Al-Qaeda and Boko Haram." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-49367.
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In this essay, two of the most lethal terrorist organizations in the world, al-Qaeda and Boko Haram are being examined and compared based on psychological, political, economical and religious theories. The essay was written with the aim to find out about cause, objectives as well as course of action within al-Qaeda and Boko Haram. One has found out that the cause of al-Qaeda is mainly based on religious and political indicators, while Boko Haram is primary caused by economical and political factors. The objectives for both of the cases are religious, but for Boko Haram, political as well. Both of the organizations use psychological factors as a way to go through with their course of action, but in the case of Boko Haram, the economical indicators are very convincing as well.
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Zancan, Marta <1987>. "AL-QAEDA s.p.a. IL FINANZIAMENTO DI UNA RETE TRANSNAZIONALE DALLE ORIGINI AD OGGI." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2571.
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La scelta di trattare il finanziamento del terrorismo è stata dettata dalla rilevanza attuale del tema, nello specifico il finanziamento dell’organizzazione sunnita jihadista Al-Qaeda s.p.a. L’obiettivo di questo elaborato, con il supporto di un’ampia e specifica bibliografia, mira ad analizzare la struttura finanziaria dell’organizzazione estremista islamica e a fornirne una panoramica attuale.
Il punto di partenza è una descrizione di Al-Qaeda, fondamentale per comprenderne lo sviluppo negli ultimi due decenni: da organizzazione gerarchica, localizzata in un unico Stato e volta alla jihad mondiale si è trasformata in una rete di gruppi frammentati che perseguono ognuno propri obiettivi. In questo contesto, l’abilità di Al-Qaeda di raccogliere fondi per le sue attività diventa fondamentale: il primo passo è stata la struttura finanziaria creata dal suo fondatore, Osama Bin Laden. Successivamente, l’organizzazione terroristica è riuscita ad infiltrare i settori bancario e caritatevole islamici, entrambi impegnati nel proselitismo islamico a livello mondiale. Oltre a fonti legali, Al-Qaeda ha sfruttato anche il commercio illecito legato al narco-traffico, al contrabbando di pietre e metalli preziosi, al furto ed al riciclaggio di denaro. Un aspetto di particolare interesse è legato infine alla sponsorizzazione statale, in quanto l’ideologia sunnita wahabita di Al-Qaeda ha valso all’organizzazione il sostegno finanziario degli Stati del Golfo persico.
I canali di trasferimento dei fondi costituiscono un tassello fondamentale della struttura finanziaria di Al-Qaeda: il sistema hawala, i corrieri, le banche, il commercio e le fondazioni di carità sono tutti mezzi per trasferire e riciclare denaro. Il miglior esempio rappresentativo della struttura finanziaria alla base del gruppo terroristico sono gli eventi dell’11 settembre 2001, per la cui attuazione i kamikaze riuscirono a raccogliere e gestire il denaro necessario senza destare sospetti. Dalla sua fondazione Al-Qaeda è riuscita ad adattarsi all’ambiente internazionale, cosa che le ha permesso di sfruttare i vantaggi della globalizzazione e le nuove tecnologie per diffondere il suo messaggio jihadista, oltre a trasformarsi in una rete di gruppi autonomi in seguito all’azione internazionale contro il terrorismo di matrice qaedista.
Il finanziamento del terrorismo qaedista è una realtà in costante evoluzione soprattutto nella regione mediorientale, dove le attuali rivoluzioni civili volte a destituire dittature decennali potrebbero porre le basi per l’emergere di regimi islamici radicali e affini alla causa jihadista di Al-Qaeda s.p.a., come pure per una svolta democratica.
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El, Hammoud Omar. "Al Qaeda en el Magreb (2007-14): análisis del discurso terrorista sobre el yihad." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663872.
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Al Qaeda, uno de los grupos radicales más resonantes en la actualidad, difunde ideas y expone hechos en busca de una mayor audiencia, a la que pretende convencer de la necesidad de practicar el yihad contra aquellos que considera enemigos de la Umma, de la religión y de Allah. Su principal objetivo es el de restaurar de nuevo un estado islámico, cuya constitución debe emanar, indispensablemente, de los textos sagrados, del Corán y de la Sunna. Desde esta perspectiva, Al Qaeda entona un discurso repleto de ideas férreas, partiendo de la hostilidad del otro, de la traición de los propios gobiernos árabes y la desviación de la Umma, y establece las bases de un discurso hostil y de venganza, donde el otro aparece descrito en términos bélicos.
La presente tesis plantea estudiar, desde el Análisis Crítico del Discurso, el discurso terrorista sobre el yihad de Al Qaeda en el Magreb, indagando en los mecanismos ideológico-lingüísticos que sirven de base para su construcción, al mismo tiempo estudiar las distintas formas de representación social que esta red hace tanto del exogrupo como del endogrupo. Igualmente, estudia las actitudes y opiniones en torno al yihad. Mediante este análisis podemos entender las complejas relaciones semánticas, léxicas y retóricas que se dan en el discurso. El estudio se basa en tres tipos de análisis: macroestrategias semánticas, microestrategias léxicas-semánticas y microestrategias retórico-argumentativas.Al Qaeda, one of the most resounding radical groups of today, disseminates ideas and exposes facts in search of a wider audience, which aims to convince the need for the practice of jihad against those considered enemies of the Umma, religion and of Allah. Its main objective is to restore once again an Islamic state, whose constitution should emanate, indispensably, from the sacred texts, the Koran and the Sunna. From this perspective, Al Qaeda intones a discourse full of ironclad ideas, starting with the hostility of the other, the betrayal of the Arab governments themselves and the deviation of the Umma, which establishes the basis of a hostile and vengeful discourse, where the other is described in terms of war. This thesis proposes to study, through a Critical Discourse Analysis, the terrorist discourse in al Qaeda's jihad in the Maghreb, investigating the ideological-linguistic mechanisms that serve as the basis for its construction, while simultaneously studying the different forms of social representation that this network does for both the outgroup and the in-group. Additionally, this thesis studies the attitudes and opinions around jihad. Through this analysis we can understand the complex semantic, lexical and rhetorical relationships that occur in discourse. The study is based on three types of analysis: semantic macro-strategies, lexical-semantic microstrategies and rhetorical-argumentative microstrategies.
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Kordestani, Siamak K. "The roots of militant Jihad a socioeconomic analysis of al-Qaeda foreign fighter hometowns /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/645637593/viewonline.
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Hedberg, Nicholas J. "The exploitation of a weak state Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula in Yemen." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FHedberg.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Middle East, South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010.Thesis Advisor(s): Hafez, Mohammed M. ; Second Reader: Springborg, Robert. "June 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 14, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Yemen, al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, Terrorism, Weak States. Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-95). Also available in print.
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McClure, Sean M. "The Lost Caravan the rise and fall of Al Qaeda in Iraq, 2003--2007 /." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FMcClure.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010.Thesis Advisor: McCormick, Gordon H. ; Second Reader: Gregg, Heather S. "June 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 15, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Iraq War, surge, insurgency, AQI, Zarqawi, Baghdad, MNF-I, MNC-I, SOF, Islam, tribalism, sectarian violence, Awakening, Sunni, counterinsurgency, insurgent, GWOT, Iraqi Freedom, irregular warfare, U.S. Army, strategy, repression, terrorism, legitimacy, ISI. Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-182). Also available in print.
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Krause, Kathleen Jean. "Searching for the next Al-Qaeda why and how Hizb-ut-Tahrir was framed /." Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/32091.
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Nessel, Richard A. "Why Failing Terrorist Groups Persist: the Case of Al- Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/7392.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedAl-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) is less likely to reach its goal of establishing an Islamic state in Algeria than at any time since its earlier history as the Armed Islamic Group (GIA). Yet the group endures. The apparent resilience of AQIM relies less on its actual organization than the environmental factors that have allowed it to persist. By co-opting local anti-government groups, Algerian jihadists have long been allowed to live among and collaborate with Berber and Tuareg separatists. Turning to international notoriety to augment its local jihad the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC) became AQIM even though an Al-Qaeda link had long since been established. Effective Algerian security measures have pushed portions of AQIM to ungoverned spaces where regional security pressure is less existent and illicit networks are numerous. Potential ends for AQIM rely heavily on Algeria to bear the weight of the effort, whereas Sahelian initiatives are peripheral to a complete end. U.S. strategy should subordinate the Sahel focus, as a Sahelian solution is not sufficient, while an Algerian solution is both necessary and sufficient to AQIMs demise. AQIM represents a lower priority challenge that, if not dealt with properly, can become a major priority or drag on indefinitely, like the FARC in Colombia. The U.S. must strive to meet AQIM with the most appropriate solution with the least force possible to expedite its departure, so that U.S. CT efforts can be engaged elsewhere against remaining Al-Qaeda affiliates.
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Örming, Lovisa. "Drone strikes and the spread of al-Qaeda : Process tracing from Pakistan to Yemen." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-4846.
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The use of Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles (UCAV) or drones have in recent yearsbecome the modus operandi of US counterterrorism strategy to eliminate sought out terrorists.Since the initiation of systematic drone strikes in Pakistan 2004, their use has increased andalso expanded into other countries. In 2012 Yemen experienced equal levels of strikes asPakistan. Thirteen years have passed since the “war on terror” began and although Osama binLaden has been killed, al-Qaeda still prevails and might be expanding. This study examines apossible spread of al-Qaeda from Pakistan to Yemen, since the initiation of drone strikes, byprocess tracing. Building on the literature of al-Qaeda, counterterrorism and UCAV, the aimhas been to analyze drone strikes affect on terrorism by tracing al-Qaeda’s development.Findings suggest there are indications of a spread from al-Qaeda in Pakistan to Yemen,although further research is required to confirm uncertainties in the material.
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Mentone, Dario <1982>. ""La diffusione internazionale del network jihadista: il caso di Al-Qaeda nel Maghreb Islamico"." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3168.
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I recenti sviluppi del conflitto maliano hanno portato alla luce la reale importanza geostrategica di questa regione nella lotta al terrorismo internazionale riaffermando la necessità di una reale comprensione di questo fenomeno.
L'insuccesso delle contemporanee caratterizzazioni ha permesso che questo termine fosse utilizzato per riferirsi alla più diversa tipologia di eventi e manifestazioni di carattere violento contribuendo ad amplificarne la natura estremamente evanescente.
Questo lavoro, nel tentativo di decostruire alla base il concetto, esplora la possibilità che una definizione del fenomeno sia effettivamente auspicabile e possa fornire gli strumenti necessari a definire in che misura un determinato episodio di carattere violento possa essere, o non essere considerato come terrorista. Si approfondirà inoltre il ruolo esercitato dalla paura e dal terrore, componenti queste essenziali per comprendere le dinamiche di determinati episodi.
Analizzando il percorso di costituzione della rete terroristica di Al-Qaeda, si esaminerà inoltre la peculiarità di Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), nodo strategico del network jihadista, al fine di dimostrare come il recente intervento in Mali ricordi l’esperienza militare in Afghanistan, e rischi di trasformarsi in un'ennesima "crociata geostrategica" occidentale.
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Bester, Francina. "New trends in contemporary international and transnational terrorism as manifested in the Al-Qaeda movement." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11202007-125232.
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Din, Victoria L. "Understanding Terrorism in the Horn of Africa: American Perceptions of Somalia, Kenya, and al Qaeda." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/164.
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A number of factors contribute to the enigmatic nature of terrorism. As popular perceptions of the act and of the actor evolve, there is a corresponding desire to change the definition. The act itself has stayed largely the same; however, developments in politics and culture have changed our perceptions of terrorism and subsequently our usage of the term. As such, it has been imprecisely applied to a diverse and perpetually changing set of actors, institutions, and actions.
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Heinonen, K. (Krista). "From strategy to tactics:the United States’ counterterrorism towards al-Qaeda in Afghanistan in 2004–2011." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201605111701.
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Why has this particular counterterrorism mission led to an international conflict? How come neither of the sides seems to be winning the War on Terror? From the viewpoint of these questions, I examine the counterterrorism policies and practices that the United States has aimed at al-Qaeda since the beginning of the War on Terror. I examine how, why and for what purposes has the war been fought on behalf of the United States and why they have chosen the strategic turns that they have. In addition to this, I assess what are the main differences of the warfare and ideology of al-Qaeda and the United States and whether there is something about this particular enemy that has required an armed conflict and does the US-strategy somehow contribute to the inability to end the War on Terror. Thematically formed chapters examine these questions starting from the rise of terrorism, al-Qaeda ideology and counterterrorism as war, continuing to examine the actual conflict and its possible outcomes.
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McGrath, Kevin. "Sheathing the Sword of Damocles [electronic resource] : assessing Al Qaeda and devising a US response /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7696.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Government and Politics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Feehan, Kathleen Patricia. "Islamic terrorism a war of values & politics as viewed through Hezbollah & Al-Qaeda /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/501171836/viewonline.
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Hajji, Khalifa. "The origins and strategic objectives of the Al Qaeda organization in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FHajji.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Hafez, Mohammed M. Second Reader: Lee, Doowan. "December 2009." Author(s) subject terms: Algerian radical group evolution from the FIS to the GIA, the GSPC then to the AQIM; AQIM origin and strategy; Links between AQIM and North African radical groups; GICM: The Moroccan Islamic Combat Group; LIFG: the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group; MTI: The Islamic Tendency Movement; Terrorism is North Africa. Description based on title screen as viewed on Jan. 26, 2010. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-84). Also available in print.
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Munkittrick, Prudence. "The art of affiliation al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb and the politics of terrorist alliances /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/648146076/viewonline.
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Detzi, Daniel W. "Denying Al Qaeda safe haven in a weak state an analysis of U.S. strategy in Yemen." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5007.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe dubious merger between the al Qaeda affiliates in Yemen and Saudi Arabia in January 2009 quickly raised a red flag among U.S. policy makers in Washington. The newly formed transnational terror group known as Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) spurred President Barack Obama to initiate a thorough review and reinvention of U.S. policy towards Yemen. In response to the President's initiative the National Security Council (NSC) developed a "two pronged strategy" which sought to strengthen Yemen's security apparatus, and improve its governance. The strategy is consistent with the administration's overall perception of the vulnerabilities inherent in a "weak state," yet an investigation into the elements which define Yemen's sociopolitical landscape, as well as an analysis of AQA's strategy, reveal that the U.S. strategy toward Yemen embraces inaccurate assumptions. This study finds that the rapid buildup of Yemen's security apparatus prior to the implementation of government reforms, has perpetuated the authoritarian rule within the country, further entrenching AQAP within the marginalized southern population.
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Bazai, Fida Muhammad. "Pakistan's responses to the United States' demands in the war against the Taliban and Al-Qaeda." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2016. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7998/.
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The key objective of this project is to determine to what degree Pakistan has cooperated with the United States and what factors are responsible for the variance in Pakistan’s cooperation with the United States in the war against Al-Qaeda, the Afghan and Pakistani Taliban. To determine the responses of the Pakistani government especially of its army, which is the core decision making body on issues of national importance, this thesis disaggregates the Unite States’ demands against Al-Qaeda, the Afghan and Pakistan Taliban. The main purpose of identifying the demands against the three different terrorist organisations of various importance to the national security of the United States was to determine its effect on the Pakistani cooperation with the United States. This thesis provides an alternative explanation of the Pakistani cooperation with the United States against Al-Qaeda, the Afghan and Pakistani Taliban, which is different from the traditional one focused on the Indian factor. It argues that the Pakistani cooperation with the United States against Al-Qaeda, the Afghan and Pakistani Taliban is dependent on three variables; the perception of the Pakistani army of the United States’ commitment, the military capability of the Pakistani army and the domestic opposition in Pakistan to cooperation with the United States. These factors don’t only provide explanation to the variance in Pakistani cooperation against different groups but also across different times.
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Wahlert, Matthew H. "NON-STATE ACTORS AND ASYMMETRIC WARFARE: A NEW PARADIGM FOR INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1176567617.
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Lowe, David. "Spooks, Provo's and Al Qaeda : An Inside Study of the UK's Integrated Special Branch Counter-Terrorism Investigations." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518401.
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Maurus, Jonathon R., Jeccel O. Ortiz, and Michael R. Haytasingh. "Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam, Aum Shinrikyo, Al Qaeda, and the Syrian crisis: nonstate actors acquiring WMD." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/38975.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.This thesis analyzes the attempts of three groups (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam, Aum Shinrikyo, and al Qaeda) to acquire, use, and deploy chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapons. Terrorist groups seeking a weapon of mass destruction (WMD) capability face numerous constraints such as intent to acquire/manufacture and/or use a WMD, recruiting the essential personnel with expertise in WMDs, obtaining the necessary materials, having access to the necessary facilities, and being able to make the technological leap in creating a delivery system. These constraints have severely limited most terrorist groups from pursuing a WMD capability; however, there are a few groups that made some effort to overcome these constraints, groups like the LTTE, Aum Shinrikyo, and al Qaeda. Each sought to realize this goal of achieving a WMD capability. The current situation in Syria may present an opportunity for terrorist groups to circumvent particular aspects of the constraints already mentioned, making it easier for them to develop a WMD capability.
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Alsamdani, Hadi Alhussin A. "The Jihadist discourse of Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (2003-2005) : representational, intertextual and argumentative analysis." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3986.
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This thesis conducts a critical analysis of jihadist discourse. This is achieved by qualitatively analysing the content of Sawt al-jihad, a propagandistic e-magazine published by Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) between 2003 and 2005. The aim of the research is to establish how the jihadist worldview is discursively constructed and legitimised. The investigation is in accordance with the research programme of the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) and draws on an interdisciplinary model to examine the discursive features of jihadist discourse. This model includes Bourdieu’s ‘capital theory’ and ‘symbolic power’, Islamic religious epistemology, the literature on intertextuality and theories connected to Aristotelian topoi. The thesis undertakes a three-pronged analysis. The first is a representational analysis concerned with the discourse topics preferred within AQAP discourse and how the relevant social actors/actions are constructed, focusing on representation of the Self and the Other. The second analysis explores the intertextual connections via which AQAP discourse appeals to, and overlaps with, prior (sacred) texts and hearers’ repertoires of ‘old knowledge’. In this discussion, I attempt to develop a novel and systematic analytic approach to intertextuality for analysing (politico)-religious discourses and to use this approach to analyse the structurings and restructurings of AQAP discourse, which might then be applied to other texts in the same genre. Finally, the third analysis is specifically concerned with the persuasive dimension and attempts to critically identify the topoi AQAP utilises to legitimise the Self and delegitimise the Other. The ultimate aim of this project is thus not only to contribute to the body of knowledge about radical jihadism from a CDA perspective, but also to make a substantial contribution to the study of the discursive construction and reproduction of such ideologies from a wider perspective, too.
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Henriques, João Manuel Nunes. "O radicalisno islamista na Península Ibérica. A reconquista do Al Andalus." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7039.
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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciência Política e RelaçõesInternacionais.Em plena Alta Idade Média, os territórios da Hispânia (Península Ibérica) foram alvo da cobiça árabe‐muçulmana, aos quais dariam o nome de Al Andalus. Após décadas de profundas transformações, a vida das populações peninsulares sofreu enormes mudanças, vindo a beneficiar de um assinalável progresso em diferentes domínios. No entanto, a luta pela reconquista dos territórios ocupados manter‐se‐ia acesa até finais do século XV, altura em que, definitivamente, estes territórios regressam às mãos dos cristãos. Volvidos cinco séculos, eis que surge uma nova ameaça islamista. Desta vez com o firme propósito de reconquistar o Al Andalus e devolver‐lhe os gloriosos tempos vividos sob a bandeira do Islão. Todavia, os mentores radicais que apontam para tal objectivo vão mais longe nos seus desígnios: para eles, a reconquista dos territórios outrora islamizados é tão‐somente o caminho para a reimplantação do Califado. Para o efeito, recorrem ao que reclamam como legítimo: a Jihad Universal, através da qual todos os infiéis serão submetidos.
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Martins, Diogo Sequeira da Cruz Dias. "Terrorismo Islâmico Transnacional: os desafios ao Ocidente." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13215.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em EstratégiaO terrorismo é um fenómeno que tem evoluído consideravelmente ao longo dos anos, sendo hoje, o de matriz islâmica e transnacional, o mais predominante no mundo. Para o Ocidente em concreto, afigura ser a principal ameaça, da qual resulta uma complexidade mórfica de desafios com os quais os decisores políticos ocidentais têm e terão de lidar. A presente dissertação assenta, essencialmente, em três pilares: um primeiro, que descreve a evolução do fenómeno em estudo até à forma como o conhecemos hoje; um segundo, que analisa, especificamente o terrorismo islâmico transnacional ao nível dos actores, das tendências e motivações; e um final, em que é feita uma análise de risco e análise estratégica a dois grupos terroristas particularmente relevantes para o Ocidente: Al-Qaeda e Estado Islâmico, a fim de compreender as suas estruturas organizacionais, o seu modus operandi, e as dinâmicas estruturais que sustentam estes mesmos grupos. Para tal, a dissertação recorre à técnica das Teias Mórficas da Estratégia, que permitiram perceber de que forma é possível retirar poder aos sistemas em estudo. Neste sentido, o trabalho visa, por uma lado, perceber, que desafios resultam, concretamente, desta ameaça para o mundo Ocidental, como também, até que ponto o Ocidente pode fazer face a tais desafios.
Terrorism is a phenomenon that has extensively changed over the years, with transnational Islamic currently the most active in the world. Specifically for the West, this happens to be the major threat from which a morphic complexity of challenges arises, challenges which Western decision-making politicians will have to face. This thesis is essentially based on three pillars: the first, which describes the evolution of the phenomenon itself to the shape we know it today; the second, which specifically analyses transnational Islamic terrorism in terms of the actors, trends and motivations; and the final one, in which there is both risk and strategic analyses of two terrorist groups particularly relevant to the West: Al-Qaida and Islamic State, in order to understand their organizational structures, modus operandi and the structural dynamics that sustain these groups. The Paper encompasses a Strategic morphic network technique, which allowed to understand how the systems being studied can actually lose power and influence. Thus, this work aims, on the one hand, to realize what challenges materially emerge from this threat to the West and on the other, to identify how able the West is to face such challenges
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Davis, Danny Wayne. "Al-Qaeda and the Phinehas Priesthood terrorist groups with a common enemy and similar justifications for terrorist tactics." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/574.
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The majority of studies on terrorist groups in the past have been conducted from the perspectives of political science, sociology, or psychology. This historical comparative study examines two terrorist organizations through a human resource development (HRD) lens. The study's goal is to provide a fresh perspective on terrorism to the current discussion of the subject within the public and private sectors.
A comprehensive literature review is used to examine religiously based terrorist groups. The following HRD models and theories are used to frame this research: the Basic Systems Model of Swanson and Holton (2001), Daft's definition of an organization (2001), the work of Watkins and Marsick (1992 & 1993) on learning organizations, and group theory as discussed by Johnson and Johnson (2000). Crenshaw's (2001) work on terrorist group theory also helps provide a foundation to the discussion.
The study begins with a short review of terrorism during the twentieth, and the first years of the twenty-first centuries. Next, the histories, cultures, and beliefs of the fundamentalist Islamic or Islamist movement and the Christian Identity movement are traced. The focus is then narrowed and an in-depth study of al-Qaeda and the Phinehas Priesthood, from the Islamist and Christian Identity movements, respectively, is conducted. The context of HRD organizational traits is used to portray the similarities and differences between these terrorist groups.
There were eight major findings from this study. 1. Al-Qaeda and the Phinehas Priesthood possess structure and demonstrate input, output, process, and interaction with, and feedback from their external environment (Swanson & Holton, 2001) as do conventional organizations. 2. Both groups demonstrate structure and group dynamics similar to conventional organizations. 3. Members of both groups profess beliefs similar to those in mainstream Islam and Christianity, respectively.
4. The belief that God's law is superior to that of man in held in common by al-Qaeda and the Priesthood. This belief is based on the revealed word of God, the Koran and Bible, respectively. 5. Members of both groups believe they have been chosen by God to right the wrongs of society and/or the world. Violent acts in support of this mission are fully justified. 6. A common goal of these groups is to establish racially and culturally pure societies on some scale. 7. Al-Qaeda and the Phinehas Priesthood are both anti-Semitic. 8. Members of these groups are culturally isolated from mainstream society. The study makes four recommendations to HRD practitioners, government policy makers, and educators in pursuit of the goal of providing a fresh perspective on terrorism.
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Sayed, Abdul. "The rise of militancy in the Muslim youth : Discourse analysis of recruitment tactics of militant groups in Pakistan for inciting youth to violence after 9/11." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-60546.
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This study is focused on the spreading wave of militancy in the Muslim youth after 9/11 era. The role Al Qaeda is researched in understanding this problem in the case study of Pakistan. Al Qaeda is considered as the nursery for the rising of militancy in the Muslims while Pakistan is the birthplace of Al Qaeda. The problem of militancy rose to the alarming level in Pakistan after 9/11 when the Pakistani state started to support the US in the war against terror which Al Qaeda and other Islamists consider as the war against Islam. The recruitment strategies of Al Qaeda and other Pakistani militant groups like Tihreak Taliban Pakistan (TTP or Pakistani Taliban movement) are studied through the discourse analysis. The primary data from the militant sources like the speeches, books and interviews of their leadership and ideologues, their official magazines and press releases are selected for this research. All this data is available in Urdu language which is translated to the English for this research. The theoretical framework of this research is based on the “Soft theory” of Josef Nye (2006) and the “three dimensions of Power” theory of Steven Lukes (2005). The results of this research show that the militants mostly use different types of arguments in their messages to the youth in their efforts for recruiting them to the path of militancy which include mostly the religious arguments. Along with it, they also attract youth to their path on targeting their grievances and hopes. They present to them the path of militancy as an end and the only way of revenge for their all grievances. These results also show that the militants also present militancy to the youth as the only mean for achievement of their various hopes which they believe these Muslims youth cannot get without militancy.
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Amorim, Alexandre Santos de. "A globalização do radicalismo islâmico : um estudo de caso da Al Qaeda sob a luz do choque de civilizações." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2008. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/1486.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Relações Internacionais, 2008.Submitted by Guimaraes Jacqueline (jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2009-05-06T16:25:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_AlexandreSantosdeAmorim.pdf: 344625 bytes, checksum: 322b8dd095626f523dc465e4b0ac4e86 (MD5)
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Essa dissertação analisa o processo de globalização do radicalismo islâmico, por meio de um estudo de caso da organização terrorista Al Qaeda, entendida como a principal representante desse novo terror globalizado. Procuramos estudar como surgiu esse movimento, sua evolução e seu atual estágio. Á fim de melhor entender por que a Al Qaeda lançou sua guerra santa contra o Ocidente, aplicamos o modelo do “choque de civilizações” do autor norte-americano Samuel P. Huntington como referencial teórico para que, à sua luz, pudéssemos obter respostas mais precisas sobre o fenômeno em questão. Com o intuito de compreender o ineditismo do caráter e da ação da Al Qaeda fez-se necessário um estudo do fenômeno do terrorismo desde os seus primórdios. Há quase 2000 anos atrás, até os dias atuais, analisando os principais grupos, suas ideologias e suas ações ao longo das décadas. Uma vez traçado o histórico do terror no mundo, analisou-se a Al Qaeda, seu embasamento doutrinário, seu surgimento, sob a poeira da Guerra do Afeganistão, e seu crescimento nas suas fases sudanesa e afegã, culminando com os espetaculares ataques suicidas de 11 de setembro de 2001 contra o World Trade Center em Nova York e o Pentágono em Washington. Na seqüência, estudamos as conseqüências que a guerra contra o terrorismo, lançada pelos Estados Unidos causaram ao funcionamento e a infraestrutura da organização e ainda, como a Al Qaeda reagiu e se adaptou a esse novo cenário, continuando a apresentar-se como uma das mais sérias ameaças à estabilidade mundial no Século XXI. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This paper aims to analyze the process f globalization of Islamic Radicalism by means of a case study of the terrorist group Al Qaeda, the most important representative of this new global terrorism. How this movement arose, grew up through decades and its actual stage. For a better understand how Al Qaeda launches its Holy War against the West, we apply the Huntington’s Clash of Civilization Model in order to achieve more answers precise about the phenomenon. To understand the singular mark and action of Al Qaeda, it was necessary to study the terrorism phenomenon since your beginning, almost 2000 years ago, until present days, analyzing the most important groups, its ideologies and actions throughout the decades. After outline the history of terrorism in world, we analyze the Al Qaeda, its doctrinaire principles and creation, under the dust of Afghanistan War, and growing in Sudanese and afghan phases that culminates in the spectacular suicide attacks of September 11. After, we study the consequences of war against terrorism, launched for the United States, caused to the functioning and organization and more how Al Qaeda react and adapted himself to this new scenario, remains one of the most important threats to world stability in the twenty first century.
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Kamolnick, Paul. "The Egyptian Islamic Group's Critique of Al-Qaeda: A Case Study in Leveraging Fiqh al-Jihad to Delegitimize Terrorism." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/634.
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Souza, Bruno Mendelski de. "A construção do conceito de inimigo nos discursos de Osama Bin Laden no período de 1996 a 2004." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/54091.
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Objetivamos analisar a construção do conceito de inimigo representado nos discursos de Osama bin Laden, durante o período de 1996 a 2004. Estes inimigos são constituídos a partir da edificação de uma realidade que apresenta Estados Unidos, Israel e seus aliados, como opressores dos muçulmanos. A fim de melhor compreender esta construção simbólica, buscaremos estudá-la com base na dinâmica de dois eixos fundamentais para a constituição do pensamento político-religioso de bin Laden: a herança teórica do islamismo radical, conjugada com a sua percepção acerca dos principais eventos geopolíticos contemporâneos envolvendo o mundo muçulmano. Dentro desta perspectiva, empregaremos o construtivismo em sua corrente linguística dos autores Nicholas Onuf e François Debrix como arcabouço teórico. Nos guiaremos pela prerrogativa de que a compreensão do mundo e da realidade ocorre de acordo com o modo como nós nos referimos a eles a partir de nossa linguagem. Como referencial metodológico que orientará nosso exame da construção do conceito de inimigo nos discursos de bin Laden, utilizaremos as categorias de operação da ideologia propostas por John Thompson na obra “Ideologia e Cultura Moderna – Teoria Social Crítica na Era dos Meios de Comunicação”.We aimed to analyze the construction of the concept of enemy represented in Osama bin Laden‟s speeches, during the period 1996 to 2004. These enemies are making from the building of a reality that presents U.S., Israel and its allies, as oppressors of muslims. To better understand this symbolic construction, we will seek to study it based on the dynamics of two pillars for the constitution of bin Laden's politico-religious thought: the theoretical heritage of radical islam, combined with the author's perception about the main events contemporary geopolitical involving the muslim world. From this perspective, we will employ the Linguistic Constructivism of the authors Nicholas Onuf and François Debrix, as theoretical framework. We will be guided by the prerogative of the understanding of the world and reality occurs according to the way we refer to them from our language. As a methodological framework that will guide our examination of the construction of the concept of enemy in bin Laden's speeches, we will use the categories of operation of ideology proposed by John Thompson in his work "Ideology and Modern Culture - Critical Social Theory in the Era of the Media."
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Aysu, Murat Okan. "Comprendre l'Al Qaedisme : stratégies et réponses." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO22007.
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Al Qaeda s’est fait connaître grâce à quelques attentats pionniers symboliques dont le plus spectaculaire a eu lieu le 11 septembre 2001. L’étude du profil complexe d’Al Qaeda, avec ses racines profondes ancrées dans l’histoire, la politique et la société du monde islamique, puis de son évolution, permet de comprendre que la véritable menace ne vient pas d’un seul homme ni même d’un groupe, mais d’une idéologie plus large dédiée au djihad défensif, l’Al Qaedisme. Cette idéologie construite sur des piliers solides et cohérents, prône une guerre sainte planétaire contre l’Occident. Des réseaux fondamentalistes ad hoc et des groupes terroristes locaux se sont greffés autour des objectifs et stratégies d’un Al Qaedisme codifié commun diffusé dans le cyberespace et ont amplifié la menace en touchant toutes les sphères de la communauté internationale. L’approche politique conservatrice dominante a tenté de mettre un frein aux attentats en instituant toute une série de mesures exceptionnelles plus répressives les unes que les autres. Pourtant, le phénomène croissant de radicalisation et la multiplication des attentats terroristes depuis 2001, démontrent que les modèles occidentaux appliqués par des Occidentaux à des sociétés établies sur d’autres fondamentaux n’ont pas permis de trouver de solution durable contre l’Al Qaedisme et même aggravé la menace. Des réponses adaptées à la véritable menace renforcées par le respect des droits de l’homme, sont à mettre en œuvre au travers de nouvelles stratégies multidisciplinaires et synchronisées de déradicalisation qui passent par la guerre des idées pour dépolariser les relations entre les musulmans et non-musulmans. L’adoption de mesures préventives, proactives et réactives qui trouvent un équilibre entre les besoins de la lutte contre le terrorisme et les valeurs démocratiques fondamentales devra en tout premier lieu viser à gagner les cœurs et les esprits de toutes les parties et à former une alliance des civilisationsAl Qaeda has become renowned thanks to a few symbolic pioneering terrorist attacks among which the most spectacular ones took place on 11 September 2001. The study of Al Qaeda’s complex profile with deep roots in history, politics and the society of the Islamic world, and of its evolution, helps to understand that the real menace comes not from one man, nor from a group, but from an overarching ideology dedicated to a defensive jihad, Al Qaedism. This radical ideology, built upon strong and coherent pillars, preaches a holy global war against the West. Radical fundamentalist ad hoc networks and local terrorist groups have amalgamated around the objectives and strategies of a common, codified Al Qaedism disseminated in cyberspace and have magnified the menace by reaching all the spheres of the international community. The dominating conservative political approach attempted in vain to prevent further terrorist attacks by putting in place a series of exceptional measures more repressive one than another. However, the growing radicalization and the unprecedented multiplication of terrorist attacks since 2001 demonstrate that the western models applied as such by Westerners to societies established on other fundamentals have not allowed to find a longstanding solution against Al Qaedism and rather increased the menace. Responses adjusted to the real menace, reinforced by the respect to human rights, have to be introduced by new multidisciplinary and synchronized strategies of deradicalization that take into account the war on ideas in order to depolarize the relations between Muslims and non-Muslims in the world. The adoption of preventive, proactive and reactive measures that find a balance between the needs of the fight against terrorism and the fundamental democratic values will have to aim first at gaining the hearts and minds of all the parties involved and to foster an alliance of civilizations
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Izant, Christopher L. "The Crusades and Jihad: Theological Justifications for Warfare in the Western and Islamic Just War Traditions." Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1560.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Ali BanuaziziThis thesis is a comparative analysis of the varying approaches by which modern Islamist militancy movements attempt to justify their respective use of violent jihad within Islamic doctrine. This ultimate focus is contextualized by a broader study of the historical role of religion in the development of modern ethical standards for warfare. Justifications for horrific bloodshed and injustice in the Just War traditions of both Christianity and Islam have manifested themselves in the actual military campaigns of the Crusades and jihad respectively. These historical and modern examples demonstrate the precarious complexity of the dual role of religion to both restrict and require warfare in the cause of justice
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2010
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: Islamic Civilization and Society Honors Program
Discipline: Islamic Civilization and Society