Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pyrimidines

Academic literature on the topic 'Pyrimidines'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Journal articles
Dissertations / Theses
Books
Book chapters
Conference papers
Reports

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Pyrimidines.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Pyrimidines"

Nwachukwu, Chideraa I., Leanna J. Patton, Nathan P. Bowling, and Eric Bosch. "Ditopic halogen bonding with bipyrimidines and activated pyrimidines." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 76, no. 5 (April 20, 2020): 458–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229620005082.

Full text

Abstract:

The potential of pyrimidines to serve as ditopic halogen-bond acceptors is explored. The halogen-bonded cocrystals formed from solutions of either 5,5′-bipyrimidine (C8H6N4) or 1,2-bis(pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyne (C10H6N4) and 2 molar equivalents of 1,3-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (C6F4I2) have a 1:1 composition. Each pyrimidine moiety acts as a single halogen-bond acceptor and the bipyrimidines act as ditopic halogen-bond acceptors. In contrast, the activated pyrimidines 2- and 5-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]ethynyl}pyrimidine (C14H13N3) are ditopic halogen-bond acceptors, and 1:1 halogen-bonded cocrystals are formed from 1:1 mixtures of each of the activated pyrimidines and either 1,2- or 1,3-diiodotetrafluorobenzene. A 1:1 cocrystal was also formed between 2-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]ethynyl}pyrimidine and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene, while a 2:1 cocrystal was formed between 5-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]ethynyl}pyrimidine and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Verma, Vishal, Chandra Prakash Joshi, Alka Agarwal, Sakshi Soni, and Udichi Kataria. "A Review on Pharmacological Aspects of Pyrimidine Derivatives." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 5 (September 15, 2020): 358–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i5.4295.

Full text

Abstract:

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogens at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. Pyrimidines are typically synthesized by the “Principal Synthesis” involving cyclization of beta-dicarbonyl compounds with N-C-N compounds. Reaction of the former with amidines to give 2-substituted pyrimidines, with urea to give 2-pyrimidiones, and guanidines to give 2-aminopyrimidines are typical. Pyrimidines can be prepared via the biginelli reaction. Many other methods rely on condensation of carbonyls with diamines for instance the synthesis of 2-Thio-6-methyluracil from thiouria and ethyl acetoacetate or the synthesis of 4-methylpyrimidine with 4, 4-dimethoxy-2-butanone and formamide. Pyrimidine derivatives show antimicrobial activity, anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antidiabetic, and analgesic activity.1. Keywords: Pyrimidine derivatives, Synthesis, derivatives and pharmacological activities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Borrell, José I., Jordi Teixidó, Blanca Martínez-Teipel, Blanca Serra, Josep Lluís Matallana, Marta Costa, and Xavier Batllori. "An Unequivocal Synthesis of 4-Amino-1,5,6,8-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,7-diones and 2-Amino-3,5,6,8-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4,7-diones." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 61, no. 6 (1996): 901–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19960901.

Full text

Abstract:

An unequivocal set of procedures for the synthesis of 4-amino-1,5,6,8-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,7-diones (7) and 2-amino-3,5,6,8-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4,7-diones (8), in a maximum of four steps from an α,β-unsaturated ester 1, is reported. Thus, the acid hydrolysis of the 2,4-diaminopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines 3 yields the 4-amino-2-oxopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines 7 while the cyclization of the Michael adducts 9 (formed by reaction of 1 and methyl cyanoacetate) with guanidine affords the corresponding 2-amino-4-oxopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines 8. Both isomers were also obtained by hydrolysis of the 4-amino-2-bromo- and 2-amino-4-bromo-5,6-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-ones 5 and 6, respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mohammed, F. K., and M. G. Badrey. "Synthesis of Pyrimidines and Heteroannulated Pyrimidine Ring Systems." Journal of the Korean Chemical Society 55, no. 2 (April 20, 2011): 218–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5012/jkcs.2011.55.2.218.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Ogurtsov, Vladimir A., and Oleg A. Rakitin. "6-(Chloromethyl)-N,1-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine." Molbank 2021, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): M1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/m1294.

Full text

Abstract:

Functionally 4,6-disubstituted 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines are important compounds with various pharmacological activities. 1-Substituted 4-chloro-6-(chloromethyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines are practically unexplored derivatives in this series. In this paper, it was shown that the nucleophilic substitution of 4-Chloro-6-(chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine with methylamine produced selectively 4-substituted product, 6-(chloromethyl)-N,1-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine. The structure of the synthesized compound was established by elemental analysis, high resolution mass-spectrometry, 1H, 13C-NMR, and IR spectroscopy, mass-spectrometry, and X-ray analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Hossain, M. I., and M. M. H. Bhuiyan. "Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Some New Thieno and Furopyrimidine Derivatives." Journal of Scientific Research 1, no. 2 (April 23, 2009): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v1i2.2299.

Full text

Abstract:

Fused pyrimidines, 8,9-dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-c]thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidine 5, 3,8,9-trimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-c]thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidine 6, 4-benzylidinehydrazono-5,6 dimethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 7, 4-[4/-hydroxybenzylidine]hydrazono-5,6-dimethylthi-eno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 8, 4-[4/-tolylidin]hydrazono-5,6-dimethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 9, 4-[4/-nitrobenzylidine]hydrazono-5-ethyl-6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 10 and 4-[4/-chlorobenzylidine]hydrazono-5-ethyl-6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 11 are prepared in good yield by an initial treatment of 2-amino-4,5-dimethylthiophene-3-carbonitrile 1 with formic acid, affording 5,6-dimethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one 2, which is chlorinated with thionyl chloride and then hydrazinated with hydrazine hydrate. Finally hydrazino compound 4 is reacted with formic acid, acetic anhydrate, benzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-toluayldehyde, p-nitrobenzaldehyde and p-chlorobenzaldehyde to give thienotriazolopyrimidines 5-6 and thienopyrimidines 7-11 respectively. All the compounds have been screened for their antimicrobial activity. Keywords: Fused pyrimidines; Hydrazino compound; Thienotriazolopyrmidines; Thienopyrimidines; Antimicrobial activity.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i2.2299

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Solomyannyi, Roman, Sergii Slivchuk, Donald Smee, Jung-ae Choi, Eduard Rusanov, Victor Zhirnov, and Volodymyr Brovarets. "In vitro Activity of the Novel Pyrimidines and Their Condensed Derivatives Against Poliovirus." Current Bioactive Compounds 15, no. 5 (January 3, 2019): 582–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407214666180720120509.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Substituted pyrimidine derivatives (non-nucleoside) are found to be associated with various biological activities. The various substituted pyrimidines are also having significant in vitro activity against different DNA and RNA viruses. The present study focuses on the anti-PV activity of new pyrimidines and their condensed derivatives. Methods: A series of novel pyrimidines and their condensed derivatives were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by spectral data. Their antiviral activities against poliovirus type 3 (PV-3) were evaluated in vitro. In cell culture, morphological changes observed in cells infected with polioviruses, including cell rounding and detachment from the substrate, are generally termed cytopathic effects (CPE). The effects of synthetic pyrimidines on PV amplification in a culture of the heteroploid cell line, Vero 76 (African green monkey kidney cells) were investigated. Results: Bioassays in vitro showed that one of seven synthesized compounds, 7-(Benzenesulfonyl)-5- benzyl-N-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-amine, has potent antiviral activity against PV-3 (EC50 = 0.75 μM). The selectivity index of this compound is similar to that of pirodavir. Conclusion: The need for antiviral agents to treat PV-associated diseases remains great, but few options currently exist. Here we show that substituted pyrimidine derivatives are a promising structure class of chemical compounds for the development of antiviral drugs against PV infections.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sirakanyan, Spinelli, Geronikaki, Hakobyan, Sahakyan, Arabyan, Zakaryan, et al. "Synthesis, Antitumor Activity, and Docking Analysis of New Pyrido[3’,2’:4,5]furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidin-8-amines." Molecules 24, no. 21 (October 31, 2019): 3952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213952.

Full text

Abstract:

Continuing our research in the field of new heterocyclic compounds, herein we report on the synthesis and antitumor activity of new amino derivatives of pyrido[3’,2’:4,5](furo)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines as well as of two new heterocyclic systems: furo[2–e]imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidine and furo[2,3-e]pyrimido[1,2-c]pyrimidine. Thus, by refluxing the 8-chloro derivatives of pyrido[3’,2’:4,5]thieno(furo)[3,2-d]pyrimidines with various amines, the relevant pyrido[3’,2’:4,5]thieno(furo)[3,2-d]pyrimidin-8-amines were obtained. Further, the cyclization of some amines under the action of phosphorus oxychloride led to the formation of new heterorings: imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidine and pyrimido[1,2-c]pyrimidine. The possible antitumor activity of the newly synthesized compounds was evaluated in vitro. The biological tests evidenced that some of them showed pronounced antitumor activity. A study of the structure–activity relationships revealed that the compound activity depended mostly on the nature of the amine fragments. A docking analysis was also performed for the most active compounds.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Behera, Manoranjan, M. Sambaiah, Poosa Mallesham, K. Shiva Kumar, Yamini Bobde, Prasanta Hota, Satyanarayana Yennam, and Balaram Ghosh. "Tandem Schiff-Base Formation/Heterocyclization: An Approach to the Synthesis of Fused Pyrazolo–Pyrimidine/Isoxazolo-Pyrimidine Hybrids." Synlett 30, no. 05 (February 5, 2019): 586–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1612081.

Full text

Abstract:

A new synthesis of pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidines and isoxazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidines is described. Key steps in the synthesis involve Stille coupling of 4,6-dichloro-2-phenyl-pyrimidine with tributyl(1-ethoxyvinyl)stannane and tandem Schiff-base formation/heterocyclization of 2,6-di-aryl-5-fluoro-4-acetylpyrimidine with hydrazines or hydroxylamine to give pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidines and isoxazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidines, respectively. The position of the fluoro group in the pyrimidine ring is important for the success of heterocylization reaction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Gallagher, P. E., and N. J. Duker. "Detection of UV purine photoproducts in a defined sequence of human DNA." Molecular and Cellular Biology 6, no. 2 (February 1986): 707–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.6.2.707-709.1986.

Full text

Abstract:

The UV-irradiated, 3'-end-labeled, 92-base-pair terminus of the human alphoid sequence was incubated with purified endonuclease v. Previously unreported photoproducts were incised at purine loci. These were not pyrimidine photodimers, 6-4'-(pyrimidin-2'-one)-pyrimidines, base loss sites, or ring-opened purines. Therefore, purine-containing photoproducts, possibly dimers, were incised by the enzyme preparation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pyrimidines"

Ibrahim, Mohamed M. "Pyrimidine Metabolism in Rhizobium: Physiological Aspects of Pyrimidine Salvage." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330907/.

Full text

Abstract:

The objective of this research was to study the pyrimidine salvage pathways of Rhizobium. Three approaches were used to define the pyrimidine salvage pathways operative in two species of Rhizobium, R. meliloti and R. leguminosarum . The first approach was to ascertain the pyrimidine bases and nucleosides that could satisfy the pyrimidine requirement of pyrimidine auxotrophs. Uracil, cytosine, uridine or cytidine all satisfied the absolute pyrimidine requirement. The second approach was to select for mutants resistant to 5-fluoropyrimidine analogues which block known steps in the interconversion of the pyrimidine bases and nucleosides. Mutants resistant to 5-fluorouracil lacked the enzyme uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (upp ) and could no longer use uracil to satisfy their pyrimidine requirement. Mutants resistant to 5-fluorocytosine, while remaining sensitive to 5- fluorouracil, lacked cytosine deaminase (cod) and thus could no longer use cytosine to satisfy their pyrimidine auxotrophy. The third approach used a reversed phase HPLC column to identify the products that accumulated when cytidine, uridine or cytosine was incubated with cell extracts of wild type and analogue resistant mutants of Rhizobium. When cytidine was incubated with cell extracts of Rhizobium wild type, uridine, uracil and cytosine were produced. This Indicated that Rhizobium had an active cytidine deaminase (cdd) and either uridine phosphorylase or uridine hydrolase. By dialyzing the extract and reincubating it with cytidine, uridine and uracil still appeared. This proved that it was a hydrolase ( nuh ) rather than a phosphorylase that degraded the nucleoside. Thus, Rhizobium was found to contain an active cytidine deaminase and cytosine deaminase with no uridine phosphorylase present. The nucleoside hydrolase was active with cytidine, uridine and to a far lesser extent with purines, adenosine and inosine. When high concentrations of cytidine were added to mutants devoid of hydrolase, cytosine was produced from cytidine - 5-monophosphate by the sequential action of uridine ( cytidine ) kinase and nucleoside monophosphate glycosylase. Both ft meliloti and ft leguminosarum had identical salvage pathways.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Beck, Debrah A. (Debrah Ann). "Pyrimidine Salvage Enzymes in Microorganisms: Labyrinths of Enzymatic Diversity." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278204/.

Full text

Abstract:

Pyrimidine salvage pathways are essential to all cells. They provide a balance of RNA synthesis with the biosynthetic pathway in pyrimidine prototrophs and supply all the pyrimidine requirements in auxotrophs. While the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway is found in almost all organisms and is nearly identical throughout nature, the salvage pathway often differs from species to species, with aspects of salvage seen in every organism. Thus significant taxonomic value may be ascribed to the salvage pathway. The pyrimidine salvage pathways were studied in 55 microorganisms. Nine different salvage motifs, grouped I-IX, were identified in this study based on the presence of different combinations of the following enzymes: cytidine deaminase (Cdd), cytosine deaminase (Cod), uridine phosphorylase (Udp), uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (Upp), uridine hydrolase (Udh), nucleoside hydrolase (Nuh), uridine/cytidine kinase (Udk), 5'-nucleotidase and CMP kinase (Cmk).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Roush, Wendy A. "Pyrimidine Genes in Pseudomonas Species." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4395/.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis is a comparative study of gene arrangements in Pseudomonas species, and is organized into three major sections. The first section compares gene arrangements for different pathways in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 to determine if the gene arrangements are similar to previous studies. It also serves as a reference for pyrimidine gene arrangements in P. aeruginosa. The second part compares the physical, and genetic maps of P. aeruginosa PAO1 with the genome sequence. The final section compares pyrimidine gene arrangements in three species of Pseudomonas. Pyrimidine biosynthesis and salvage genes will be aligned for P. aeruginosa PAO1, P. putida KT2440, and P. syringae DC3000. The whole study will gives insight into gene patterns in Pseudomonas, with a focus on pyrimidine genes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mélo, Sébastiao José de. "Synthèse, réactivité et propriétés pharmacologiques des fluoro-5 (3H) pyrimidinones-4." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE18003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Hughes, Lee E. (Lee Everette). "Pyrimidine Metabolism in Streptomyces griseus." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278710/.

Full text

Abstract:

Salvage of pyrimidine nucleosides and bases by S. griseus and the regulation of aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) were studied. The velocity-substrate curve for S. griseus ATCase was hyperbolic for both aspartate and carbamoylphosphate. The enzyme activity was diminished in the presence of ATP, CTP, or UTP. The synthesis of ATCase was repressed in cells grown in the presence of exogenous uracil. The specific activity of cells grown with uracil was 43 percent of that for cells grown in minimal medium only. Maximal ATCase and dihydroorotase activities were found in the same column fraction after size-exclusion chromatography, suggesting that both activities could reside in the same polypeptide. The pyrimidine salvage enzymes cytosine deaminase and uridine phosphorylase were identified in S. griseus using HPLC reversed-phase chromatography.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Hughes, Lee E. (Lee Everette). "Pyrimidine Biosynthesis in the Genus Streptomyces : Characterization of Aspartate Transcarbamoylase and Its Interaction with Other Pyrimidine Enzymes." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278797/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Asfour, Hani. "Regulation of pyrimidine biosynthesis and virulence factor production in wild type, Pyr- and Crc- mutants in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5297/.

Full text

Abstract:

Previous research in our laboratory established that pyrB, pyrC or pyrD knock-out mutants in Pseudomonas aeruginosa required pyrimidines for growth. Each mutant was also discovered to be defective in the production of virulence factors. Moreover, the addition of exogenous uracil did not restore the mutant to wild type virulence levels. In an earlier study using non-pathogenic P. putida, mutants blocked in one of the first three enzymes of the pyrimidine pathway produced no pyoverdine pigment while mutants blocked in the fourth, fifth or sixth steps produced copious quantities of pigment, just like wild type P. putida. The present study explored the correlation between pyrimidine auxotrophy and pigment production in P. aeruginosa. Since the pigment pyoverdine is a siderophore it may also be considered a virulence factor. Other virulence factors tested included casein protease, elastase, hemolysin, swimming, swarming and twitching motilities, and iron binding capacity. In all cases, these virulence factors were significantly decreased in the pyrB, pyrC or pyrD mutants and even in the presence of uracil did not attain wild type levels. In order to complete this comprehensive study, pyrimidine mutants blocked in the fifth (pyrE) and sixth (pyrF) steps of the biosynthetic pathway were examined in P. aeruginosa. A third mutant, crc, was also studied because of its location within 80 base pairs of the pyrE gene on the P. aeruginosa chromosome and because of its importance for carbon source utilization. Production of the virulence factors listed above showed a significant decrease in the three mutant strains used in this study when compared with the wild type. This finding may be exploited for novel chemotherapy strategies for ameliorating P. aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis patients.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Patel, Monal V. "The regulatory roles of PyrR and Crc in pyrimidine metabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2875/.

Full text

Abstract:

The regulatory gene for pyrimidine biosynthesis has been identified and designated pyrR. The pyrR gene product was purified to homogeneity and found to have a monomeric molecular mass of 19 kDa. The pyrR gene is located directly upstream of the pyrBC' genes in the pyrRBC' operon. Insertional mutagenesis of pyrR led to a 50- 70% decrease in the expression of pyrBC', pyrD, pyrE and pyrF while pyrC was unchanged. This suggests that PyrR is a positive activator. The upstream regions of the pyrD, pyrE and pyrF genes contain a common conserved 9 bp sequence to which the purified PyrR protein is proposed to bind. This consensus sequence is absent in pyrC but is present, as an imperfect inverted repeat separated by 11 bp, within the promoter region of pyrR. Gel retardation assays using upstream DNA fragments proved PyrR binds to the DNA of pyrD, pyrE, pyrF as well as pyrR. This suggests that expression of pyrR is autoregulated; moreover, a stable stem-loop structure was determined in the pyrR promoter region such that the SD sequence and the translation start codon for pyrR is sequestered. β-galactosidase activity from transcriptional pyrR::lacZ fusion assays, showed a two-fold in increase when expressed in a pyrR- strain compared to the isogenic pyrR+ strain. Thus, pyrR is negatively regulated while the other pyr genes (except pyrC) are positively activated by PyrR. That no regulation was seen for pyrC is in keeping with the recent discovery of a second functional pyrC that is not regulated in P. aeruginosa. Gel filtration chromatography shows the PyrR protein exists in a dynamic equilibrium, and it is proposed that PyrR functions as a monomer in activating pyrD, pyrE and pyrF and as a dimeric repressor for pyrR by binding to the inverted repeat. A related study discovered that the catabolite repression control (Crc) protein was indirectly involved in pyr gene regulation, and shown to negatively regulate expression of PyrR at the posttranscriptional level.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Griffin, Roger J. "Novel biological roles for pyrimidines." Thesis, Aston University, 1986. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12540/.

Full text

Abstract:

The development of classical and lipophilic inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) as antitumour agents is reviewed and the advantages and problems associated with each class are discussed. The antitumour activity, pharmacokinetics and metabolism of m-azido-pyrimethamine (MZP), a novel lipophilic inhibitor, are considered and compared with metoprine, the prototype lipophilic antifolate. Evidence for a folate-independent target for lipophilic DHFR inhibitors is presented. Synthetic studies centred on three principal objectives. Firstly a series of structural analogues of MZP were prepared encompassing alkoxy, chloro and alkylamino substituents and evaluated, as the ethanesulphonate salts, for activity against mammalian DHFR. Inhibitory constant (KI) determinations were conducted by a Zone B analysis, the corresponding 4'-azido isomer of MZP proving more potent than the parent compound. Secondly, to facilitate metabolism and stability studies on MZP, a range of possible reference compounds were synthesised and characterised. Finally, a series of diaminopyrimidine derivatives were synthesised embracing structural features incompatible with DHFR inhibitory activity, in order that such compounds may serve as biochemical probes for the unidentified folate-independent target for lipophilic diaminopyrimidines discussed previously. Inactivity against DHFR was achieved via introduction of an ionic or basic group into a normally hydrophobic region of the molecule and compounds were screened against a mammalian DHFR and thymidylate synthase to confirm the abolition of activity. Several derivatives surprisingly proved potent inhibitors of DHFR exhibiting KI values comparable to that of methotrexate. Analogues were screened for antitumour activity in vitro and in vivo against murine leukaemia cell lines in order to identify potential lead compounds. Several derivatives virtually inactive against DHFR exhibited a disparate cytotoxicity and further biochemical studies are warranted. The nobreak hitherto unreported debenzylation of 2,4-diamino-5-(N-alkyl-benzylaminophenyl) pyrimidines was discovered during the course of the synthetic studies, treatment of these compounds with nitrous acid affording the corresponding benzotriazoles.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Lee, Jeong-Hwan. "Synthesis of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines and pyrazino[2,3-d]pyrimidines and their biological activities." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14350.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Books on the topic "Pyrimidines"

Brown, D. J. Pyrimidines. New York: Wiley, 1993.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

J, Brown D., ed. Fused pyrimidines. New York: Wiley, 1988.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Delia, Thomas J. Miscellaneous fused pyrimidines. New York: Wiley, 1992.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Griffin, Roger John. Novel biological roles for pyrimidines. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1986.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

International Symposium on Human Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism (6th 1988 Hakone-machi, Japan). Purine and pyrimidine metabolism in man VI. New York: Plenum Press, 1989.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Lister, John Henry. The purines. New York: Wiley, 1996.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Pfleiderer, Mathias. Synthese und Eigenschaften 6-substituierter Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine. Konstanz: Hartung-Gorre, 1986.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Brown, D. J. Pteridines. New York: Wiley, 1988.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Ursula, Gresser, and Abreu R. A. de, eds. Molecular genetics, biochemistry and clinical aspects of inherited disorders of purine and pyrimidine metabolism. Berlin: Springer, 1993.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kats, Eynav. חקר המנגנון ואופטימיזציה של תהליכי הסינתזה של פירימידינים ות. באר שבע: אוניברסיטת בן גוריון בנגב, 2006.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Pyrimidines"

Brown, E. G. "Pyrimidines." In Ring Nitrogen and Key Biomolecules, 88–127. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4906-8_5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Pyrimidines." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_2622-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Pyrimidines." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 2297–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_2622.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dudaş, Nicoleta A., and Mihai V. Putz. "Pyrimidines." In New Frontiers in Nanochemistry, 445–70. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. | Contents: Volume 1. Structural nanochemistry – Volume 2. Topological nanochemistry – Volume 3. Sustainable nanochemistry.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429022937-41.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Li, Jie Jack, and Minmin Yang. "Pyrimidines." In Drug Discovery with Privileged Building Blocks, 209–18. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003190806-24.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

MacCoss, M., and M. J. Robins. "Anticancer pyrimidines, pyrimidine nucleosides and prodrugs." In The Chemistry of Antitumour Agents, 261–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0397-5_9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Saladino, Raffaele. "Formamido Pyrimidines." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1059–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65093-6_5448.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Saladino, Raffaele. "Formamido Pyrimidines." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_5448-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Smith, C. A., and E. J. Wood. "Purines and pyrimidines." In Biosynthesis, 138–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2356-3_7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Unger, Leon. "Purines and Pyrimidines." In Oklahoma Notes, 193–206. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4200-0_11.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Pyrimidines"

Basha, N. Hussain, T. Rekha, G. Sravya, N. Bakthavatchala Reddy, Grigory V. Zyryanov, and V. Padmavathi. "Azolyl pyrimidines-synthesis and antimicrobial activity." In ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (OCBT2020): Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0070395.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Slivka, Mar V., M. M. Fizer, D. Zh Bereksazi, R. T. Mariychuk, A. O. Kryvoviaz, V. G. Lendel, N. P. Khripak, G. M. Koval, and Mikh V. Slivka. "Preparation of Bioactive Fused Pyrimidines via Environmental Technologies." In 2019 International Council on Technologies of Environmental Protection (ICTEP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictep48662.2019.8968984.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mukhin, E., V. Fedotov, E. Ulomsky, and V. Rusinov. "NON-NATURAL NUCLEOSIDES BASED ON AZOLO[1,5-A]PYRIMIDINES." In Chemistry of nitro compounds and related nitrogen-oxygen systems. LLC MAKS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m771.aks-2019/279-280.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Koos, M., B. Steiner, and J. Gajdos. "Synthesis of Some Sulfur Bridged Pyrimidines, Pyrazoles and Imidazoles." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-1-02002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Shutalev, Anatoly, and Anastasia Fesenko. "A Novel Ring Expansion of Pyrimidines to 1,2,4-Triazepines." In The 20th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-20-a018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Rathod, Pravinsinh I., A. T. Oza, P. Predeep, Mrinal Thakur, and M. K. Ravi Varma. "Infrared Spectroscopy of Charge Transfer Complexes of Purines and Pyrimidines." In OPTICS: PHENOMENA, MATERIALS, DEVICES, AND CHARACTERIZATION: OPTICS 2011: International Conference on Light. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3643633.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Simijonović, Dušica, Edina Avdović, Žiko Milanović, Dejan Milenković, and Zoran Marković. "Green synthesis of chromeno-pyrimidine derivatives – Part I." In 2nd International Conference on Chemo and Bioinformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi23.686s.

Full text

Abstract:

Two different chromeno-pyrimidine derivatives were synthetized in the ionic liquid catalyzed reaction of barbituric acid and substituted salicylaldehydes. The product 5-(7-bromo-2,4-dioxo-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-tri-one (CP-1) was obtained in the reaction of barbiruric acid and 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The second new product 8,9-dihydroxy-2H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H)-dione (CP-2) was yielded in the reaction between barbituric acid and 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzaldehyde. These products were isolated in moderate to good yield after 3h reflux in mixture of water: ethanol (1:1v/v) and in presence 20 mol% of catalyst – diethanolammonium chloroacetate. The structure of obtained products was confirmed using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopy methods.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Avdović, Edina, Dušica Simijonović, Žiko Milanović, Sandra Jovičić Milić, Sunčica Roca, and Dražen Vikić-Topić. "Chromeno-pyrimidine-type compounds (part II): in vitro evaluation of antioxidant potential." In 2nd International Conference on Chemo and Bioinformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi23.690a.

Full text

Abstract:

The chromeno and pyrimidine classes compounds include a variety of hybrid molecules displaying diverse biological actions. Although they have been examined for many years, these compounds are still of interest due to their facile chemical transformations. The presence of chromeno and pyrimidine structural motifs in many drugs, prompted us to investigate the antioxidant features of compounds 5-(7-bromo-2,4-dioxo-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl) pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-tri-one (CP-1) and 8,9- ihydroxy-2H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H)-dione (CP-2). In this paper, we investigated in vitro antioxidant properties of selected chromeno-pyrimidine derivatives. The percentage activity of the tested compounds CP-1 and CP-2, as well as the quercetin standard, NDGA, against the DPPH radical in concentrations of 25 M, 50 M and 100 M was tested. Compound CP-2 was found to have an exceptional efficacy of 92% at a concentration of 25 μM. In addition, the IC50 value confirms a high antiradical power against DPPH radicals for the compound CP-2 (IC50 = 3.5μM) and a moderate activity for the compound CP-1 (IC50 = 55.4 μM).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Benzenine, Djamila, Zahira Kibou, Amina Berrichi, Redouane Bachir, and Noureddine Choukchou-Braham. "New Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines Catalyzed Using Gold Nanoparticles." In ECSOC-25. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-25-11690.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Syahri, Jufrizal, Rahmadini Syafri, Hasmalina Nasution, Della Pratiwi, Emmy Yuanita, and Beta Achromi Nurohmah. "Design of 2-Phenylamino Benzothiopyrano [4,3-D] Pyrimidines Compound as an Anticancer." In Proceedings of the International Conference of CELSciTech 2019 - Science and Technology track (ICCELST-ST 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccelst-st-19.2019.14.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Pyrimidines"

Wallace, Susan S. Structure/Function Analysis of DNA-glycosylases That Repair Oxidized Purines and Pyrimidines and the Influence of Surrounding DNA Sequence on Their Interactions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/900301.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kiessling, L. L., and P. B. Dervan. Analysis of Nearest Neighbor Interactions in the Pyrimidine Triple Helix Motif by Affinity Cleaving. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada237527.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Amy, Penny. Enzyme reactions using ureidosuccinate as a substrate during pyrimidine biosynthesis and degradation in Cl. oroticum. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2151.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Cao, Deliang, and Giuseppe Pizzorno. P53 Regulation of Uridine Phosphorylase Activity Pyrimidine Salvage Pathway and Their Effects on Breast Cancer Therapy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada395919.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Cao, Deliang, and Giuseppe Pizzorno. P53 Regulation of Uridine Phosphorylase Activity, Pyrimidine Salvage Pathway and Their Effects on Breast Cancer Therapy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418743.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Griffin, L. C., L. L. Kiessling, and P. B. Dervan. Recognition of All Four Base Pairs of Duplex DNA by Triple Helix Formation. Design of Pyrimidine Specific Bases. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada237360.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Manson, J. L., D. M. Jasen, John Singleton, and P. A. Goddard. Pulsed-field magnetization of frustrated S = 1/2 Cu(pyrimidine)_1.5(H₂O)(BF₄)₂. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1343723.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!