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Journal articles on the topic 'Pyogenes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Westbroek, Mark L., Crystal L. Davis, Lena S. Fawson, and Travis M. Price. "Interactions ofLactobacilliwith PathogenicStreptococcus pyogenes." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2010 (2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/289743.

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Objective. To determine whether (1) a decreased concentration ofLactobacilliallowsS. pyogenesto grow; (2)S. pyogenesis able to grow in the presence of healthyLactobacillusconcentrations; (3)S. pyogenesis capable of inhibitingLactobacilli.Methods. One hundred fifty patient samples ofS. pyogeneswere mixed with four different concentrations ofL. crispatusandL. jensenii. Colony counts and pH measurements were taken from these concentrations and compared usingt-tests and ANOVA statistical analyses.Results. Statistical tests showed no significant difference between the colony counts ofS. pyogenesby itself and growth when mixed withLactobacilli, and no significant difference between the colony counts ofS. pyogenesin the four different concentrations ofLactobacilli.Conclusion. The statistical data representing the growth of these two organisms suggests thatLactobacillidid not inhibit the growth ofS. pyogenes. Also,S. pyogenesdid not inhibit the growth ofLactobacilli.

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2

Plovanich, Molly, Hillary C. Tsibris, Christine G. Lian, and Arash Mostaghimi. "Pyogenes Riesengranulom bei einer Patientin mit chronischer lymphatischer Leukämie." Kompass Onkologie 2, no. 1 (2015): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000381370.

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Das pyogene Granulom, auch als lobuläres kapilläres Hämangiom bezeichnet, ist eine häufige, gutartige, proliferative vaskuläre Läsion, die in jedem Alter auf der Haut oder den Schleimhäuten auftreten kann. Die meisten Läsionen werden nicht größer als 2 cm, es liegen jedoch auch Berichte über vereinzelte Fälle von riesenhaften pyogenen Granulomen der Haut vor, meist bei Patienten mit zugrunde liegender Funktionsstörung des Immunsystems. Hier berichten wir erstmals über ein pyogenes Riesengranulom bei einer Patientin mit einer malignen hämatologischen Erkrankung, in diesem Fall mit chronischer lymphatischer Leukämie.

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3

Mustafa, Usta, İlhan Fatma, Özen Hasan, İlhan Ziya, Karaman Musa, and Kurban Muhammed Yusuf. "Trueperella pyogenes Induced Cerebral Abscess in a West Highland White Terrier." Acta Veterinaria 71, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acve-2021-0009.

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Abstract Cerebral abscesses are occasionally seen in animals, however are rare in dogs. Among the pyogenic bacteria causing cerebral abscesses Trueperella pyogenes is relatively scarce. In this report, a case of T. pyogenes induced cerebral abscess in a West Highland White Terrier was presented with histopathological and bacteriological findings. Two foci of cerebral abscesses located at the level of the thalamus, and the frontal and temporal lobes were described on necropsy. Severe suppurative meningoencephalitis and ventriculitis were noted on microscopic view. T. pyogenes was isolated and identified in bacteriological investigation. This report states that T. pyogenes can be a causative agent of cerebral abscesses in dogs.

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4

Gahrn-Hansen, Bente, and Wilhelm Frederiksen. "Human infections with Actinomyces pyogenes (Corynebacterium pyogenes)." Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 15, no. 4 (May 1992): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0732-8893(92)90022-l.

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5

Kotrajaras, Renoo, and Hachiro Tagami. "Corynebacterium pyogenes." International Journal of Dermatology 26, no. 1 (January 1987): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1987.tb04575.x.

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6

SHEFF, BARBARA. "Streptococcus pyogenes." Nursing 32, no. 1 (January 2002): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-200201000-00068.

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7

Jansen, Thomas. "Pyogenes Granulom." HNO Nachrichten 45, no. 1 (February 2015): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00060-015-0264-x.

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8

Rathod, Sanjay, Muzaheed Venkat M. Shinde, and H. P. Jai Shanker Pillai. "Epidemiology of Streptococcus pyogenes in Pyogenic Infections in Gulbarga, India." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 5, no. 10 (October 10, 2016): 1030–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.510.109.

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9

Albertsen, B. E. "CORYNEBACTERIUM PYOGENES TOXIN." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 32, no. 4 (August 18, 2009): 481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1953.tb00276.x.

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10

Norimatsu, Yuta, and Yuki Ohno. "Streptococcus pyogenes balanoposthitis." IDCases 21 (2020): e00832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00832.

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11

ZERVAS, SOPHIA J., LAWRENCE S. ZEMEL, MARK J. ROMNESS, EDWARD L. KAPLAN, and JUAN C. SALAZAR. "Streptococcus pyogenes pyomyositis." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 21, no. 2 (February 2002): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006454-200202000-00017.

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12

Mathur, Purva, N. K. Arora, Arti Kapil, and Bimal Das. "Streptococcus pyogenes meningitis." Indian Journal of Pediatrics 71, no. 5 (May 2004): 423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02725632.

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13

Minami, Masaaki, Toru Konishi, Hiroshi Takase, and Toshiaki Makino. "Comparison between the Effects of Oral and Intramuscular Administration of Shin’iseihaito (Xinyiqingfeitang) in a Streptococcus pyogenes-Induced Murine Sinusitis Model." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8901215.

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Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) is a species of Gram-positive coccoid bacteria having many virulence factors. Its capsule and exotoxins can cause upper respiratory tract infections such as sinusitis. The general treatment for S. pyogenes-induced sinusitis is administration of antibiotics such as penicillin and macrolides; however, a serious problem associated with these antibiotics is their attenuated effect. Shin’iseihaito (Xinyiqingfeitang), a formula of Japanese traditional Kampo medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, has been used for the treatment of sinusitis. In general, formulas of Japanese traditional Kampo medicine are orally administered. This is in contrast to certain formulas of traditional Chinese medicine, which are being recently administered intramuscularly or intravenously. Regarding these traditional Chinese medicine formulas, the injection methodology is reported to be more effective than oral intake. In this study, we compared the efficacy between orally and intramuscularly administered Shin’iseihaito against S. pyogenes-induced sinusitis. We evaluated the antibacterial effect of Shin’iseihaito extract (SSHT) against S. pyogenes by K-B disk diffusion assay. Furthermore, we investigated the nasal colonization of S. pyogenes, determined cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) levels, and conducted a splenocyte proliferative assay in a murine sinusitis model. SSHT displayed direct anti-S. pyogenes activity. Intramuscular administration of SSHT decreased the nasal colonization of S. pyogenes compared with oral administration. Thymidine uptake analysis revealed that the proliferation of splenocytes from S. pyogenes-infected mice under intramuscular SSHT treatment was upregulated compared to that of splenocytes from S. pyogenes-infected mice under oral SSHT treatment. We also found that TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in the nasal discharge from intramuscularly treated S. pyogenes-infected mice were lower than those from orally treated mice. Our findings suggest that intramuscular administration of Shin’iseihaito may be useful for the treatment of murine S. pyogenes-induced sinusitis.

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14

Alkasir, Rashad, Jianfang Wang, Jian Gao, Tariq Ali, Limei Zhang, Ottó Szenci, Árpád Csaba Bajcsy, and Bo Han. "Properties and antimicrobial susceptibility of Trueperella pyogenes isolated from bovine mastitis in China." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 64, no. 1 (March 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.2016.001.

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Trueperella (T.) pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen that causes suppurative diseases in domestic animals. In this work, the properties, pathogenesis and phenotypic diversity of T. pyogenes isolates from bovine mastitis were studied. Both pyolysin (plo) and collagen-binding protein (cbp) virulence factor genes were detected by PCR in all T. pyogenes isolates (n = 50). Using the tissue culture plate method, 90% of T. pyogenes isolates were able to form biofilms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 13 antimicrobials against T. pyogenes isolates were determined. High susceptibility was observed to rifampin (96%), ampicillin (94%), ciprofloxacin (94%), and penicillin (92%), while low susceptibility was found to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (10%) and bacitracin (2%). The intracellular assay revealed that T. pyogenes isolates had different cytopathogenic effects on cells. The high percentage (28.6%) of T. pyogenes isolates suggests that this bacterium is an important contributor to mastitis. Moreover, the high occurrence of multidrug resistance, biofilm production, intracellular survival, and the temporal dynamics of T. pyogenes interactions are key factors for a better understanding of how immunity acts on infections with these bacteria and how they evade immune surveillance, thus highlighting the need for the prudent use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine.

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15

Loof, Torsten G., Oliver Goldmann, and Eva Medina. "Immune Recognition of Streptococcus pyogenes by Dendritic Cells." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 6 (April 7, 2008): 2785–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01680-07.

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ABSTRACT Streptococcus pyogenes is one of the most frequent human pathogens. Recent studies have identified dendritic cells (DCs) as important contributors to host defense against S. pyogenes. The objective of this study was to identify the receptors involved in immune recognition of S. pyogenes by DCs. To determine whether Toll-like receptors (TLRs) were involved in DC sensing of S. pyogenes, we evaluated the response of bone marrow-derived DCs obtained from mice deficient in MyD88, an adapter molecule used by almost all TLRs, following S. pyogenes stimulation. Despite the fact that MyD88−/− DCs did not differ from wild-type DCs in the ability to internalize and kill S. pyogenes, the up-regulation of maturation markers, such as CD40, CD80, and CD86, and the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, were dramatically impaired in S. pyogenes-stimulated MyD88−/− DCs. These results suggest that signaling through TLRs is the principal pathway by which DCs sense S. pyogenes and become activated. Surprisingly, DCs deficient in signaling through each of the TLRs reported as potential receptors for gram-positive cell components, such as TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, and TLR2/6, were not impaired in the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and the up-regulation of costimulatory molecules after S. pyogenes stimulation. In conclusion, our results exclude a major involvement of a single TLR or the heterodimer TLR2/6 in S. pyogenes sensing by DCs and argue for a multimodal recognition in which a combination of several different TLR-mediated signals is essential for a rapid and effective response to the pathogen.

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16

Okahashi, Nobuo, Atsuo Sakurai, Ichiro Nakagawa, Taku Fujiwara, Shigetada Kawabata, Atsuo Amano, and Shigeyuki Hamada. "Infection by Streptococcus pyogenes Induces the Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand Expression in Mouse Osteoblastic Cells." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 2 (February 2003): 948–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.2.948-955.2003.

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ABSTRACT Group A Streptococcus pyogenes is known to induce nongonococcal septic arthritis in addition to pharyngitis, scarlet fever, and poststreptococcal sequelae. However, little is known about the interaction between S. pyogenes and bone cells. We report here that S. pyogenes strain JRS4 (M6) attached to and invaded mouse primary osteoblasts. Reverse transcription-PCR demonstrated that S. pyogenes infection of osteoblasts stimulated expression of mRNA for the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). Western blot analysis followed by ligand precipitation with the receptor activator of NF-κB receptor showed that there was an increase in RANKL protein in infected osteoblasts. Production of interleukin-6 was also stimulated, but no production of interleukin-1β or tumor necrosis factor alpha was observed. Stimulation of RANKL production was not observed in osteoblasts stimulated with heat-inactivated S. pyogenes, suggesting that an active interaction of S. pyogenes with osteoblasts is essential for this phenomenon. A Western blot analysis performed with antibodies specific for phosphorylated signal transduction proteins demonstrated that S. pyogenes infection induces phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. A specific inhibitor of this kinase, SB203580, inhibited RANKL production by infected osteoblasts. These results suggest that infection of osteoblasts by S. pyogenes stimulates RANKL production and may trigger bone destruction in infected bone tissue.

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17

Jost, B. H., J. G. Songer, and S. J. Billington. "An Arcanobacterium(Actinomyces) pyogenes Mutant Deficient in Production of the Pore-Forming Cytolysin Pyolysin Has Reduced Virulence." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 1723–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.4.1723-1728.1999.

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ABSTRACT Pyolysin (PLO), the hemolytic exotoxin expressed byArcanobacterium (Actinomyces)pyogenes, is a member of the thiol-activated cytolysin family of bacterial toxins. Insertional inactivation of theplo gene results in loss of expression of PLO with a concomitant loss in hemolytic activity. The plo mutant, PLO-1, has an approximately 1.8-log10 reduction in the 50% infectious dose compared to that for wild-type A. pyogenesin a mouse intraperitoneal infection model. Studies involving cochallenge of wild-type and PLO-1 bacteria resulted in recovery of similar numbers of both strains, suggesting that PLO production is required for survival in vivo. Recombinant, His-tagged PLO (His-PLO) is cytotoxic for mouse peritoneal macrophages and J774 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Protection against challenge with A. pyogenes could be afforded by vaccination with formalin-inactivated His-PLO, suggesting that PLO is a host-protective antigen, as well as a virulence determinant.

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18

MARHAMAH, MARHAMAH, and Indah Wahyuni Putri. "Efektivitas Ekstrak Batang Pisang Kepok (Musa x paradisiaca Linn.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes." Jurnal Analis Kesehatan 7, no. 1 (July 30, 2018): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.26630/jak.v7i1.932.

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<p>Batang pisang memiliki kandungan antibakteri yaitu tanin, flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan Marhamah (2014) tentang resistensi bakteri Gram positif salah satunya yaitu <em>Streptococcus. sp</em> didapatkan hasil 100% <em>Streptococcus sp</em> resisten terhadap antibiotik gentamisin, amoksilin, dan cefadroxile. <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> merupakan bakteri Gram positif penyebab utama faringitis, kasus faringitis di dunia sebesar 616 juta/ tahun, di Indonesia terjadi pada anak-anak sebesar 18%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak batang pisang kepok (<em>Musa x paradisiaca L</em>.) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri <em>Streptococcus pyogenes.</em> Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Variabel bebas yaitu ekstrak batang pisang kepok dengan konsentrasi 10%, 20%,30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100% dan variabel terikat yaitu pertumbuhan bakteri <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em>. Metode dalam pemeriksaan adalah difusi Kirby-bauer<em>. </em>Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Bakteriologi Jurusan Analis Kesehatan Poltekkkes Tanjungkarang pada bulan Maret-Mei 2017. Analisa data adalah <em>One-way Anova</em> dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT. Hasil analisa data p=0.000 (p< 0.05) artinya, ekstrak batang pisang kepok dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri<em> Streptococcus pyogene,</em> pada konsentrasi 50%-100% dengan diameter zona sebesar 6,71-9,45 mm.</p>

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19

Beerens, Dior, Sandra Franch-Arroyo, Timothy J. Sullivan, Christian Goosmann, Volker Brinkmann, and Emmanuelle Charpentier. "Survival Strategies of Streptococcus pyogenes in Response to Phage Infection." Viruses 13, no. 4 (April 2, 2021): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13040612.

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Bacteriophages exert strong evolutionary pressure on their microbial hosts. In their lytic lifecycle, complete bacterial subpopulations are utilized as hosts for bacteriophage replication. However, during their lysogenic lifecycle, bacteriophages can integrate into the host chromosome and alter the host’s genomic make-up, possibly resulting in evolutionary important adjustments. Not surprisingly, bacteria have evolved sophisticated immune systems to protect against phage infection. Streptococcus pyogenes isolates are frequently lysogenic and their prophages have been shown to be major contributors to the virulence of this pathogen. Most S. pyogenes phage research has focused on genomic prophages in relation to virulence, but little is known about the defensive arsenal of S. pyogenes against lytic phage infection. Here, we characterized Phage A1, an S. pyogenes bacteriophage, and investigated several mechanisms that S. pyogenes utilizes to protect itself against phage predation. We show that Phage A1 belongs to the Siphoviridae family and contains a circular double-stranded DNA genome that follows a modular organization described for other streptococcal phages. After infection, the Phage A1 genome can be detected in isolated S. pyogenes survivor strains, which enables the survival of the bacterial host and Phage A1 resistance. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the type II-A CRISPR-Cas system of S. pyogenes acquires new spacers upon phage infection, which are increasingly detectable in the absence of a capsule. Lastly, we show that S. pyogenes produces membrane vesicles that bind to phages, thereby limiting the pool of phages available for infection. Altogether, this work provides novel insight into survival strategies employed by S. pyogenes to combat phage predation.

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20

Rogovskyy, Artem S., Sara Lawhon, Kathryn Kuczmanski, David C. Gillis, Jing Wu, Helen Hurley, Yuliya V. Rogovska, Kranti Konganti, Ching-Yuan Yang, and Kay Duncan. "Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Trueperella pyogenes isolated from ruminants." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 30, no. 3 (March 12, 2018): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638718762479.

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Trueperella pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen that causes suppurative infections in animals including humans. Data on phenotypic and genotypic properties of T. pyogenes isolated from ruminants, particularly goats and sheep, are lacking. We characterized, by phenotypic and genotypic means, T. pyogenes of caprine and ovine origin, and established their phylogenetic relationship with isolates from other ruminants. T. pyogenes isolates ( n = 50) from diagnostic specimens of bovine ( n = 25), caprine ( n = 19), and ovine ( n = 6) origin were analyzed. Overall, variable biochemical activities were observed among the T. pyogenes isolates. The fimbriae-encoding gene, fimE, and neuraminidase-encoding gene, nanH, were, respectively, more frequently detected in the large ( p = 0.0006) and small ( p = 0.0001) ruminant isolates. Moreover, genotype V ( plo/ nanH/ nanP/ fimA/ fimC) was only detected in the caprine and ovine isolates, whereas genotype IX ( plo/ nanP/ fimA/ fimC/ fimE) was solely present in the isolates of bovine origin ( p = 0.0223). The 16S rRNA gene sequences of all T. pyogenes isolates were clustered with the reference T. pyogenes strain ATCC 19411 and displayed a high degree of identity to each other. Our results highlight phenotypic and genotypic diversity among ruminant isolates of T. pyogenes and reinforce the importance of characterization of more clinical isolates to better understand the pathogenesis of this bacterium in different animal species.

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21

Oehmcke, Sonja, Andreas Podbielski, and Bernd Kreikemeyer. "Function of the Fibronectin-Binding Serum Opacity Factor of Streptococcus pyogenes in Adherence to Epithelial Cells." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 7 (July 2004): 4302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.7.4302-4308.2004.

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ABSTRACT The serum opacity factor (SOF) of Streptococcus pyogenes is a serotyping tool and pathogenesis factor. Using SOF-coated latex beads in cell adherence assays and antiserum directed against SOF in S. pyogenes-HEp-2 cell adherence inhibition experiments, we demonstrate SOF involvement in the fibronectin-mediated adherence of S. pyogenes to epithelial cells. SOF exclusively targets the 30-kDa N-terminal region of fibronectin. The interaction revealed association and dissociation constants 1 order of magnitude lower than those of other S. pyogenes fibronectin-binding proteins.

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22

Cranswick, N. E., B. K.-H. Franz, G. M. Clark, R. K. Shepherd, and D. M. Bloom. "Middle Ear Infection Postimplantation: Response of the round Window Membrane to Streptococcus Pyogenes." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 96, no. 1_suppl (January 1987): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00034894870960s124.

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The seal of the implanted round window membrane to resist Streptococcus pyogenes invasion from the middle ear was investigated in 12 cats. Results showed that the implanted round window membrane is able to form a barrier for S pyogenes starting 1 week postimplantation. Under normal conditions S pyogenes did not pass through the round window membrane, nor through the gap that existed between the membrane and the prosthesis. Mechanical disruption of the round window seal, however, and severe inflammatory response to S pyogenes caused the infection to extend into the inner ear.

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23

Azmi, Dini Aulia, Nurlailah Nurlailah, and Ratih Dewi Dwiyanti. "Ethanol Extract Of Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban Leaves Effectively Inhibit Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Invitro Test." Tropical Health and Medical Research 2, no. 2 (August 26, 2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35916/thmr.v0i0.23.

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Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are some of the causes of infectious diseases. Centella asiatica (L.) Urban has many benefits for humans, including overcoming fever, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory. This study aims to determine the inhibition of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves ethanol extract on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This research is the initial stage of the development of herbal medicines to treat Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. The independent variable was the concentration of ethanol extract of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves and the dependent variable was the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The anti-bacterial activity test was carried out by the liquid dilution method. The concentrations used are 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%. 100% The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Streptococcus pyogenes: 40% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 40%. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) results for Streptococcus pyogenes: 60% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 60%. So it can be concluded that there is inhibition of the ethanol extract of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban extract has potential as herbal medicine against bacterial infections but requires further research to determine its effect in vivo.

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24

Yang, Lingxiao, Hongmin Liang, Bing Wang, Bo Ma, Junwei Wang, and Wenlong Zhang. "Evaluation of the Potency of Two Pyolysin-Derived Recombinant Proteins as Vaccine Candidates of Trueperella Pyogenes in a Mouse Model: Pyolysin Oligomerization and Structural Change Affect the Efficacy of Pyolysin-Based Vaccines." Vaccines 8, no. 1 (February 10, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8010079.

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Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) is an important opportunistic pathogen in livestock and wild animals. However, only one commercial T. pyogenes vaccine is currently available, and its immunoprotective effect is not ideal. Pyolysin (PLO) is one of the important virulence factors expressed by T. pyogenes and one of the targets for the development of new T. pyogenes vaccines. In this study, we constructed two recombinant antigens, tPLOA1 (contains amino acids 1–110 and domain 4 of the PLO molecule) and tPLOA2 (contains amino acids 190–296 and domain 4 of the PLO molecule). Vaccines were prepared by mixing the two recombinant antigens with incomplete Freund’s adjuvant or sheep red blood cell membrane and provided partial immune protection to immunized mice against the lethal challenge of T. pyogenes. Analysis of the PLO-specific IgG levels of immunized mice indicated that the antibody-inducing potency and immunoprotective efficacy of PLO-based vaccines are affected by the oligomerization and structural changes of PLO after binding to a cholesterol-containing membrane. In addition, the titer of anti-hemolysis antibodies is not a suitable indicator of the immunoprotective effect of these vaccines in PLO-based vaccine-immunized animals. The results provide new insights into the development of T. pyogenes vaccines.

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25

Noori, Ahmad Zia, Haji Mohammad Naimi, and Hashmatullah Yousufi. "The rate of asymptomatic throat carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes and its associated risk factors among Kabul University students." International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 3, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v3i4.48.

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Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) is the main agent of acute pharyngitis and skin infections that may result in the late complications of glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever. Infection with streptococcus group A is a global health problem, which is most common in children and adults. This study was conducted to investigate the rate of S. pyogenes throat carriers and its main risk factors among healthy students of Kabul university. In the present study pharyngeal swabs of 260, [155 (59.6%) were male and 105 (40.4%) were female] asymptomatic university students aged between 19-30 years, were collected and immediately transported to the laboratory for detection of S. pyogenes following standard microbiological procedures. Production of beta hemolytic colonies on blood agar, sensitivity to bacitracin antibiotic, gram stain positivity, catalase negativity test and streptococcal grouping latex kit (ProlexTM) tests were used to identify and differentiate S. pyogenes from other streptococcus spp. Statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS 21, Chi-square and Logistic regression tests were applied for the categorical data analysis. A P value equal to or less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Totally 61 (23.5%) beta hemolytic streptococci were isolated from 260 samples. Among 61 beta hemolytic isolates, 44 (16.9%) were identified as S. pyogenes. The colonization rate of S. pyogenes was higher in male 25 (56.8%) than female 19 (43.2%), which was not statistically significant (p=0.678). Age, residence of the students at hostel and shared utensil use were not statistically significant (p=0.088, p= 0.449, p=0.241 respectively), but the number of children in the family was an important risk factor. People with 1-3 children had a 23-fold higher risk (p˂0.05), and people with 4-6 children had a 27-fold higher risk of carrying S. pyogenes, than those who did not had any children (p˂0.05). In the present study the asymptomatic throat carriage rate of S. pyogenes among Kabul University students, was high. Among all risk factors the number of children in the family was significantly associated with S. pyogenes throat carriage.

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26

Billington, Stephen J., J. Glenn Songer, and B. Helen Jost. "Widespread Distribution of a Tet W Determinant among Tetracycline-Resistant Isolates of the Animal Pathogen Arcanobacterium pyogenes." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, no. 5 (May 2002): 1281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.5.1281-1287.2002.

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ABSTRACT Tetracycline resistance is common among isolates of the animal commensal and opportunistic pathogen Arcanobacterium pyogenes. The tetracycline resistance determinant cloned from two bovine isolates of A. pyogenes was highly similar at the DNA level (92% identity) to the tet(W) gene, encoding a ribosomal protection tetracycline resistance protein, from the rumen bacterium Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. The tet(W) gene was found in all 20 tetracycline-resistant isolates tested, indicating that it is a widely distributed determinant of tetracycline resistance in this organism. In 25% of tetracycline-resistant isolates, the tet(W) gene was associated with a mob gene, encoding a functional mobilization protein, and an origin of transfer, suggesting that the determinant may be transferable to other bacteria. In fact, low-frequency transfer of tet(W) was detected from mob+ A. pyogenes isolates to a tetracycline-sensitive A. pyogenes recipient. The mobile nature of this determinant and the presence of A. pyogenes in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle and pigs suggest that A. pyogenes may have inherited this determinant within the gastrointestinal tracts of these animals.

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Y, Mitra Nofembri, Netti Suharti, and Mohammad Reza. "Efek Propolis dan Jeruk Nipis terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus dan Streptococcus Pyogenes secara In Vitro." Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas 6, no. 3 (February 20, 2018): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jka.v6.i3.p581-585.2017.

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Penggunaan antibiotik yang irasional dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi bakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan efek propolis dan jeruk nipis terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Streptococcus pyogenes. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang pada bulan Desember 2014 hingga April 2015. Rancangan penelitian bersifat eksperimental. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diameter rerata daerah bebas kuman S. aureus yang diberikan propolis adalah 11 mm dan jeruk nipis 14,66 mm. Diameter rerata daerah bebas kuman S. pyogenes yang diberikan jeruk nipis adalah 12,66 mm. Sedangkan, propolis tidak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. pyogenes. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil uji Mann Whitney antara propolis dan jeruk nipis terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak bermakna (p = 0.05), sedangkan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. pyogenes menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna p = 0,014 (p < 0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah propolis memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan S. aureus dan tidak memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. pyogenes, sedangkan jeruk nipis memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dan S. pyogenes.

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28

Y, Mitra Nofembri, Netti Suharti, and Mohammad Reza. "Efek Propolis dan Jeruk Nipis terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus dan Streptococcus Pyogenes secara In Vitro." Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas 6, no. 3 (February 20, 2018): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jka.v6i3.741.

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Penggunaan antibiotik yang irasional dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi bakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan efek propolis dan jeruk nipis terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Streptococcus pyogenes. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang pada bulan Desember 2014 hingga April 2015. Rancangan penelitian bersifat eksperimental. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diameter rerata daerah bebas kuman S. aureus yang diberikan propolis adalah 11 mm dan jeruk nipis 14,66 mm. Diameter rerata daerah bebas kuman S. pyogenes yang diberikan jeruk nipis adalah 12,66 mm. Sedangkan, propolis tidak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. pyogenes. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil uji Mann Whitney antara propolis dan jeruk nipis terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak bermakna (p = 0.05), sedangkan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. pyogenes menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna p = 0,014 (p < 0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah propolis memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan S. aureus dan tidak memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. pyogenes, sedangkan jeruk nipis memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dan S. pyogenes.

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29

Ma, Yongsheng, Amy E. Bryant, Dan B. Salmi, Eric McIndoo, and Dennis L. Stevens. "vfr, a Novel Locus Affecting Cysteine Protease Production in Streptococcus pyogenes." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 9 (March 6, 2009): 3189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01771-08.

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ABSTRACT A gene unique to Streptococcus pyogenes, called vfr, that negatively regulates speB, an important extracellular proteinase, has been identified. Disruption of vfr markedly increased SpeB production in a clinical strain of S. pyogenes and relieved its growth phase dependency. These findings may provide important insights into the pathogenesis of invasive S. pyogenes infections.

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30

Lazarevic, Gordana, Suzana Laban, Milica Jovanovic, and Biljana Potkonjak. "Erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 132, suppl. 1 (2004): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh04s1042l.

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Streptococcus pyogenes is the most prevalent cause of tonsillopharyngitis in children. The drug of choice for infections caused by this microorganism is penicillin. The problem of treating such infections arises when erythromycin-resistant strains occur. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Streptococcus pyogenes resistant to erythromycin. The organism was recovered from the pharynx of children hospitalized or treated on outpatient basis at the University Children?s Hospital in Belgrade. Streptococcus pyogenes was identified on blood agar, using bacitracin disc, and confirmed by latex agglutination test (Slidex bioMerieux). Disc diffusion test was carried out to estimate the penicillin resistance. Erythromycin disc was used as screening method to detect erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes. MIC for erythromycin was performed by broth dilution method. In the study period from January 2001 to December 2003, all 1100 isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes had usual level of penicillin sensitivity. In 2001, only 0.45% of isolates were erythromycin-resistant. In 2002, erythromycin resistance was 0.63%, while in 2003, it was 1.09%. MIC for erythromycin was from 1 to 128 mg/l. Three strains had constitutive and one strain had inducible resistance to clindamycin. According to the results, our conclusion is that, despite sensitivity to penicillin, resistance to macrolides is the emerging phenomenon. Reasonable use of macrolide antibiotics is necessary to maintain the resistance at the lowest level.

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31

Seal, D. V. "Dysentery and Streptococcus pyogenes." Journal of Infection 17, no. 2 (September 1988): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(88)91991-3.

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Thomas, P. S., E. Wilkins, and M. Hickey. "Streptococcus pyogenes and dysentery." Journal of Infection 16, no. 2 (March 1988): 200–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(88)94172-2.

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Rahman, M. "Dysentery and Streptococcus pyogenes." Journal of Infection 18, no. 1 (January 1989): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(89)93792-4.

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34

MANALO, ROSARIO, HARIS MIRZA, and STEVEN OPAL. "Streptococcus pyogenes Tuboovarian Abscess." Sexually Transmitted Diseases 29, no. 10 (October 2002): 606–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007435-200210000-00007.

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35

Reddy, Illuri, Donald A. Ferguson, Jr., and Felix A. Sarubbi. "Endocarditis Due toActinomyces pyogenes." Clinical Infectious Diseases 25, no. 6 (December 1997): 1476–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/516992.

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36

McMurray, J. J., D. M. Fraser, and O. Brogan. "Fatal Streptococcus Pyogenes Pneumonia." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 80, no. 8 (August 1987): 525–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107688708000821.

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37

Galeotti, Cesira L., Elia Bove, Alfredo Pezzicoli, Renzo Nogarotto, Nathalie Norais, Silvia Pileri, Barbara Lelli, et al. "Surface Interactome inStreptococcus pyogenes." Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 11, no. 4 (December 22, 2011): M111.015206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.m111.015206.

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38

Kahn, Fredrik, and Magnus Rasmussen. "Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes?" FEMS Microbiology Letters 326, no. 1 (November 21, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02447.x.

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Richter, Sandra S., Daniel J. Diekema, Kris P. Heilmann, Laurel S. Almer, Virginia D. Shortridge, Rod Zeitler, Robert K. Flamm, and Gary V. Doern. "Fluoroquinolone Resistance inStreptococcus pyogenes." Clinical Infectious Diseases 36, no. 3 (February 2003): 380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/345904.

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40

PHILLIPS, G., D. PARRATT, GILLIAN V. ORANGE, I. HARPER, H. McEWAN, and N. YOUNG. "Erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 25, no. 4 (1990): 723–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/25.4.723.

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41

Turner, Claire, and Shiranee Sriskandan. "Streptococcus pyogenes under pressure." Nature Medicine 13, no. 8 (August 2007): 909–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0807-909.

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42

Toma, Tudor. "Streptococcus pyogenes genome exposed." Genome Biology 2 (2001): spotlight—20010419–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-spotlight-20010419-01.

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43

Lindquist, D., and J. Wong. "Actinomyces pyogenes-like bacteria." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 31, no. 12 (1993): 3353–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.31.12.3353-3354.1993.

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Barnham, Michael, and Stig E. Holm. "Serious Streptococcus pyogenes disease." Clinical Microbiology and Infection 3, no. 2 (April 1997): 250–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.1997.tb00606.x.

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45

Terao, Yutaka, Shigetada Kawabata, Eiji Kunitomo, Ichiro Nakagawa, and Shigeyuki Hamada. "Novel Laminin-Binding Protein of Streptococcus pyogenes, Lbp, Is Involved in Adhesion to Epithelial Cells." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 2 (February 2002): 993–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.2.993-997.2002.

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ABSTRACT The lbp gene, which encodes a laminin-binding protein (Lbp) of Streptococcus pyogenes, was found in all S. pyogenes M types. An Lbp-deficient mutant showed a significantly lower efficiency of adhesion to HEp-2 cells than did the wild-type strain. These results indicate that Lbp is one of the important S. pyogenes adhesins.

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46

Falade, S., and O. A. Durojaiye. "THE PROTECTIVE VALUE OF AN AUTOGENOUS BACTERIN AND TOXOID AGAINST EXPERIMENTAL CORYNEBACTERIUM PYOGENES INFECTION IN MICE." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 11, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v11i2.2544.

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Bacteria and toxin from a borth culture of a porcine strain of Corynebacterium pyogenes were lethal to white Swiss mice within 24th of inoculation. The pyogenic factor was shown to be a component of the bacterial cells and not of the toxin. Mouse protection tests using a formolised bacterin and formolized toxoid conferred protection to experimental challenge. It is suggested that this toxoid may be of value in protecting animals against the natural infection.

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Tsao, Nina, Tien-Yau Luh, Chen-Kung Chou, Jiunn-Jong Wu, Yee-Shin Lin, and Huan-Yao Lei. "Inhibition of Group A Streptococcus Infection by Carboxyfullerene." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 1788–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.6.1788-1793.2001.

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ABSTRACT The effect of a water-soluble trimalonic acid derivative of fullerene, carboxyfullerene, against Streptococcus pyogenes infection was tested. Pretreatment with carboxyfullerene was able to protect mice from S. pyogenes infection in an air pouch model. S. pyogenes-induced death and skin injury were inhibited dose dependently by carboxyfullerene. Administration of carboxyfullerene via the peritoneum and air pouch at 3 h post-S. pyogenes infection was able to protect 33% of mice from death. Surveys of exudates of the air pouch of carboxyfullerene-treated mice revealed that survival of infiltrating neutrophils was prolonged and that the bacteria were eliminated as a result of enhanced bactericidal activity of the neutrophils. Furthermore, carboxyfullerene was able to directly inhibit in vitro growth of S. pyogenes. These data suggest that carboxyfullerene can be considered an antimicrobial agent for group A streptococcus infection.

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Esmay, Paula A., Stephen J. Billington, Malen A. Link, J. Glenn Songer, and B. Helen Jost. "The Arcanobacterium pyogenes Collagen-Binding Protein, CbpA, Promotes Adhesion to Host Cells." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 8 (August 2003): 4368–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.8.4368-4374.2003.

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ABSTRACT Arcanobacterium pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen associated with suppurative diseases in economically important food animals such as cattle, pigs, and turkeys. A. pyogenes adheres to host epithelial cells, and adhesion is promoted by the action of neuraminidase, which is expressed by this organism. However, a neuraminidase-deficient mutant of A. pyogenes only had a reduced ability to adhere to host epithelial cells, indicating that other factors are involved in adhesion. Far Western blotting revealed the presence of an approximately 120-kDa A. pyogenes cell wall protein that binds collagen type I. The 3.5-kb gene that encodes the 124.7-kDa CbpA protein was cloned, and sequence analysis indicated that CbpA contains a typical MSCRAMM protein domain structure. Recombinant, six-His-tagged CbpA (HIS-CbpA) was capable of binding collagen types I, II, and IV but not fibronectin. In addition, CbpA was involved in the ability of A. pyogenes to adhere to HeLa and 3T6 cells, as a cbpA knockout strain had 38.2 and 57.0% of wild-type adhesion, respectively. This defect could be complemented by providing cbpA on a multicopy plasmid. Furthermore, HIS-CbpA blocked A. pyogenes adhesion to HeLa or 3T6 cells in a dose-dependent manner. cbpA was only present in 48% of the A. pyogenes strains tested (n = 75), and introduction of plasmid-encoded cbpA into a naturally cbpA-deficient strain increased the ability of this strain to bind to HeLa and 3T6 cells 2.9- and 5.7-fold, respectively. These data indicate that CbpA, a collagen-binding protein of A. pyogenes, plays a role in the adhesion of this organism to host cells.

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Ramadhanie, Cynthia Dwi, Sri Purwaningsih, and Eko Budi Koendhori. "Effectivity of Cacao Rind Ethanol Extract in Inhibiting Streptococcus Pyogenes Growth In Vitro." JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga 11, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/juxta.v11i12020.6-8.

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Introduction: Infectious disease is still a common cause of illness and death in developing countries, such as Indonesia. One of the bacteria that causes infectious disease is Streptococcus pyogenes. Cacao fruit is a large commodity in Indonesia and has benefit for human. Cacao’s rind is known to contain several active compounds such as flavonoid and alkaloid that have antibacterial effect that can inhibit Streptococcus pyogenes growth. This research aims to evaluate the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of cacao rind ethanol extract in inhibiting Streptococcus pyogenes growth in vitro. Methods: This research was a laboratory experimental study, testing antibacterial activity of cacao’s rind ethanol extract in inhibiting growth of bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes using dilution method in vitro to know the MIC and MBC result. Sample of bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes was obtained from Balai Besar Laboratorium, Surabaya. Sample of cacao’s rind ethanol extract was extracted at Balai Materia Medica, Batu. Results: At the beginning this experiment was done to find the MIC and MBC of cacao’s rind ethanol extract against the growth of bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes, but the researcher can only find the MBC result, because the extract color is very dark, so the turbidity result of tubes P1 – P7 cannot be compared to control tube. From the results, the researcher draws a table showing how turbid and dark those tubes are. More (+) signs means more turbid or darker the tube is. From dilution test, the MBC of cacao’s rind ethanol extract against the growth of bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes is 12.5%. Conclusion: Cacao’s rind (Theobroma cacao L.) was quite effective in increasing the growth of bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes in vitro, the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) is 12.5%

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Jost, B. H., J. G. Songer, and S. J. Billington. "Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of a Neuraminidase Gene from Arcanobacterium pyogenes." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 4430–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.7.4430-4437.2001.

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ABSTRACT Arcanobacterium pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen, associated with suppurative infections in domestic animals. In addition to pyolysin, a pore-forming, cholesterol-binding toxin,A. pyogenes expresses a number of putative virulence factors, including several proteases and neuraminidase activity. A 3,009-bp gene, nanH, was cloned and sequenced and conferred neuraminidase activity on an Escherichia colihost strain. The predicted 107-kDa NanH protein displayed similarity to a number of bacterial neuraminidases and contained the RIP/RLP motif and five copies of the Asp box motif found in all bacterial neuraminidases. Recombinant His-tagged NanH was found to have pH and temperature optima of 5.5 to 6.0 and 55°C, respectively. Insertional deletion of the nanH gene resulted in the reduction, but not absence, of neuraminidase activity, indicating the presence of a second neuraminidase gene in A. pyogenes. NanH was localized to the A. pyogenes cell wall. A. pyogenes adhered to HeLa, CHO, and MDBK cells in a washing-resistant manner. However, the nanH mutant was not defective for adherence to epithelial cells. The role of NanH in host epithelial cell adherence may be masked by the presence of a second neuraminidase in A. pyogenes.

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