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Academic literature on the topic 'Pv concentrator'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Pv concentrator"

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Alamoudi, Abdullah, Syed Muhammad Saaduddin, Abu Bakar Munir, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki, Siti Hawa Abu-Bakar, Siti Hajar Mohd Yasin, Ridoan Karim, et al. "Using Static Concentrator Technology to Achieve Global Energy Goal." Sustainability 11, no. 11 (May 30, 2019): 3056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113056.

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Solar energy has demonstrated promising prospects in satisfying energy requirements, specifically through solar photovoltaic (PV) technology. Despite that, the cost of installation is deemed as the main hurdle to the widespread uptake of solar PV systems due to the use of expensive PV material in the module. At this point, we argue that a reduction in PV cost could be achieved through the usage of concentrator. A solar concentrator is a type of lens that is capable of increasing the collection of sun rays and focusing them onto a lesser PV area. The cost of the solar module could then be reduced on the assumption that the cost of introducing the solar concentrator in the solar module design is much lower than the cost of the removed PV material. Static concentrators, in particular, have great promise due to their ability to be integrated at any place of the building, usually on the building facade, windows and roof, due to their low geometrical concentration. This paper provides a historic context on the development of solar concentrators and showcases the latest technological development in static PV concentrators including non-imaging compound parabolic concentrator, V-trough, luminescent solar concentrator and quantum dot concentrator. We anticipated that the static low concentrating PV (LCPV) system could serve to enhance the penetration of PV technology in the long run to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7—to open an avenue to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all by 2030.
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Saakian, Alexander. "Mathematical modeling of electricity production by a PV installation for the conditions of the Republic of Mari El." АгроЭкоИнфо 5, no. 47 (September 29, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/20215505.

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The authors built a mathematical model of the production of electricity by a PV installation with a grid inverter, intended for power supply of a rural residential building, for the conditions of the central part of the Republic of Mari El. Authors considered several options for the PV system: fixed-tilt PV panels, PV panels with a solar tracking system and a concentrator PV system. The most effective in terms of the electricity sold is the concentrator PV system. Compared to the version of the system with fixed-tilt PV panels, the use of concentrators provides a more than threefold increase (with a solar radiation concentration factor of 2) in the annual volume of electricity sold. For the variant of the system with PV panels with the solar tracking system (without concentrators), the analogous figure is 18.4%. The cost of electricity sold per year (at a price of 3.2 rubles / kWh) for three variants of the system will be: the system with fixed-tilt PV panels – 9140 rubles, the system with PV panels with the solar tracking system - 10820 rubles, the concentrator PV system - 30250 rubles. Keywords: PV INSTALLATION, MATHEMATICAL MODELING, VOLUME OF SOLD ELECTRICITY
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Alqurashi, Maryam Mohammad, Entesar Ali Ganash, and Reem Mohammad Altuwirqi. "Simulation of a Low Concentrator Photovoltaic System Using COMSOL." Applied Sciences 12, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 3450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073450.

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The use of photovoltaic (PV) systems presents a great solution to high energy demand. Many factors limit the output of PV systems. One method of increasing the output of PV systems is to employ concentrators. The function of these concentrators is to increase the amount of solar radiation falling on a PV panel using optical devices. In this work, a simulation of a low concentrated photovoltaic system (LCPV) (V-trough model) will be conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics software package. The ray-tracing technique, based on the finite-element method, was used to study the performance of a V-trough without the incorporation of a tracking system. By investigating the effect of the mirrors’ inclination angles on the performance of the system, the optimum inclination angles were determined. The simulation was done for a non-tilted concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system if placed in different geographical locations in Saudi Arabia with the inclination of the mirrors being changed every hour of the daylight. It was found that the concentration ratio of the suggested model increased for the city of Jeddah, for example, by 171% and 131% for double and partial coverage cases, respectively. In order to reduce the operation cost, the simulation was repeated with the restriction of the mirrors’ inclination to only three positions during the day. The concentration ratio decreased in this case by not more than 14%. When mirrors were fixed throughout the day, the concentration ratio dropped to about 50%. Such simulations will assist in investigating different designs of PV systems prior to their manufacturing. In addition, it could assist in determining the best geographic location for such CPV systems.
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Maish, Alexander B. "PV concentrator array field performance measurement." Solar Cells 18, no. 3-4 (September 1986): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6787(86)90135-3.

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Zawadzki, Przemyslaw, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki, Siti Hawa Abu-Bakar, Nurul Aini Bani, Abdullahi Abubakar Mas’ud, Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey, and Abu Bakar Munir. "Life Cycle Assessment of a Rotationally Asymmetrical Compound Parabolic Concentrator (RACPC)." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 10, 2020): 4750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114750.

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Integrating a concentrator into the building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) design has resulted in a new technology known as the building integrated concentrating photovoltaic (BICPV). The rotationally asymmetrical compound parabolic concentrator (RACPC) is an example of a concentrator design that has been explored for use in BICPV. This paper evaluates the life cycle assessment (LCA) for the RACPC-PV module, which has never been explored before. The LCA of the RACPC-PV module has found a cost reduction of 29.09% and a reduction of 11.76% of embodied energy material manufacture when compared to a conventional solar photovoltaic (PV) module. The energy payback time for an RACPC-PV and a conventional PV was calculated to be 8.01 and 6.63 years, respectively. Moreover, the energy return on investment ratio was calculated to be 3.12 for a conventional PV and 3.77 for an RACPC-PV.
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Foster, Stephania, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki, Roberto Ramirez-Iniguez, Daria Freier Raine, Jose Deciga-Gusi, Siti Hawa Abu-Bakar, Nurul Aini Bani, Abu Bakar Munir, Abdullahi Abubakar Mas’ud, and Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey. "Assessment of the RACPC Performance under Diffuse Radiation for Use in BIPV System." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (May 21, 2020): 3552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103552.

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In the last four decades there has been a significant increase in solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity, which makes solar one of the most promising renewable energy sources. Following this trend, solar power would become the world’s largest source of electricity by 2050. Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems, in which conventional materials can be replaced with PV panels that become an integral part of the building, can be enhanced with concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems. In order to increase the cost efficiency of a BIPV system, an optical concentrator can be used to replace expensive PV material with a lower cost option, whilst increasing the electrical output through the concentration of solar power. A concentrator called rotationally asymmetrical compound parabolic concentrator (RACPC) was analysed in this work under diffuse light conditions. Software simulations and experimental work were carried out to determine the optical concentration gain of the concentrator. Results from this work show that, under diffuse light, the RACPC has an optical concentration gain of 2.12. The experimental work showed a value of 2.20, which confirms the results with only a 3.8% difference.
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Li, Guiqiang, and Yi Jin. "Optical Simulation and Experimental Verification of a Fresnel Solar Concentrator with a New Hybrid Second Optical Element." International Journal of Photoenergy 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4970256.

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Fresnel solar concentrator is one of the most common solar concentrators in solar applications. For high Fresnel concentrating PV or PV/T systems, the second optical element (SOE) is the key component for the high optical efficiency at a wider deflection angle, which is important for overcoming unavoidable errors from the tacking system, the Fresnel lens processing and installment technology, and so forth. In this paper, a new hybrid SOE was designed to match the Fresnel solar concentrator with the concentration ratio of 1090x. The ray-tracing technology was employed to indicate the optical properties. The simulation outcome showed that the Fresnel solar concentrator with the new hybrid SOE has a wider deflection angle scope with the high optical efficiency. Furthermore, the flux distribution with different deviation angles was also analyzed. In addition, the experiment of the Fresnel solar concentrator with the hybrid SOE under outdoor condition was carried out. The verifications from the electrical and thermal outputs were all made to analyze the optical efficiency comprehensively. The optical efficiency resulting from the experiment is found to be consistent with that from the simulation.
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Felsberger, Richard, Armin Buchroithner, Bernhard Gerl, and Hannes Wegleiter. "Conversion and Testing of a Solar Thermal Parabolic Trough Collector for CPV-T Application." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 6142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13226142.

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In the field of solar power generation, concentrator systems, such as concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) or concentrated solar power (CSP), are subject of intensive research activity, due to high efficiencies in electrical power generation compared to conventional photovoltaics (PV) and low-cost energy storage on the thermal side. Even though the idea of combining the thermal and electrical part in one absorber is obvious, very few hybrid systems (i.e., concentrator photovoltaics-thermal systems (CPV-T)) are either described in literature or commercially available. This paper features the conversion of a commercial thermal parabolic trough collector to a CPV-T hybrid system using multi-junction PV cells. The design process is described in detail starting with the selection of suitable PV cells, elaborating optical and mechanical system requirements, heat sink design and final assembly. Feasibility is proven by practical tests involving maximum power point tracking as well as empirical determination of heat generation and measurement results are presented.
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Aykapadathu, Muhsin, Mehdi Nazarinia, and Nazmi Sellami. "Design and Fabrication of Absorptive/Reflective Crossed CPC PV/T System." Designs 2, no. 3 (August 6, 2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs2030029.

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A crossed compound parabolic concentrator (CCPC) is a non-imaging concentrator which is a modified form of a circular 3D compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) obtained by orthogonal intersection of two 2D CPCs that have an optical efficiency in line with that of 3D CPC. The present work is about the design and fabrication of a new generation of solar concentrator: the hybrid photovoltaic (PV)/thermal absorptive/reflective CCPC module. The module has a 4× CCPC structure truncated to have a concentration of 3.6× with a half acceptance angle of 30°. Furthermore, an experimental rig was also fabricated to test the performance of the module and its feasibility in real applications such as building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV). 3D printing and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling technologies were utilized to manufacture the absorber and reflective parts of the module.
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Cotana, Franco, Federico Rossi, and Andrea Nicolini. "Evaluation and Optimization of an Innovative Low-Cost Photovoltaic Solar Concentrator." International Journal of Photoenergy 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/843209.

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Many researches showed that the cost of the energy produced by photovoltaic (PV) concentrators is strongly reduced with respect to flat panels, especially in those countries that have a high solar irradiation. The cost drop comes from the reduction of the expensive high-efficiency photovoltaic surface through the use of optical concentrators of the solar radiation. In this paper, an experimental innovative PV low-concentration system is analysed. Numerical simulations were performed to determine the possible reasons of energy losses in the prototype, primarily due to geometrical factors. In particular, the effect of the shadows produced from the mirrors on the prototype performances was analysed: shadows are often neglected in the design phase of such systems. The study demonstrates that shadows may affect the performances of a hypothetical optimized PV low-concentration system up to 15%. Finally, an economical evaluation was carried out comparing the proposed optimized system to a traditional flat PV panel.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pv concentrator"

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Coventry, Joseph Sydney, and Joe Coventry@anu edu au. "A solar concentrating photovoltaic/thermal collector." The Australian National University. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2004. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20041019.152046.

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This thesis discusses aspects of a novel solar concentrating photovoltaic / thermal (PV/T) collector that has been designed to produce both electricity and hot water. The motivation for the development of the Combined Heat and Power Solar (CHAPS) collector is twofold: in the short term, to produce photovoltaic power and solar hot water at a cost which is competitive with other renewable energy technologies, and in the longer term, at a cost which is lower than possible with current technologies. To the author’s knowledge, the CHAPS collector is the first PV/T system using a reflective linear concentrator with a concentration ratio in the range 20-40x. The work contained in this thesis is a thorough study of all facets of the CHAPS collector, through a combination of theoretical and experimental investigation. A theoretical discussion of the concept of ‘energy value’ is presented, with the aim of developing methodologies that could be used in optimisation studies to compare the value of electrical and thermal energy. Three approaches are discussed; thermodynamic methods, using second law concepts of energy usefulness; economic valuation of the hot water and electricity through levelised energy costs; and environmental valuation, based on the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the generation of hot water and electricity. It is proposed that the value of electrical energy and thermal energy is best compared using a simple ratio. Experimental measurement of the thermal and electrical efficiency of a CHAPS receiver was carried out for a range of operating temperatures and fluid flow rates. The effectiveness of internal fins incorporated to augment heat transfer was examined. The glass surface temperature was measured using an infrared camera, to assist in the calculation of thermal losses, and to help determine the extent of radiation absorbed in the cover materials. FEA analysis, using the software package Strand7, examines the conductive heat transfer within the receiver body to obtain a temperature profile under operating conditions. Electrical efficiency is not only affected by temperature, but by non-uniformities in the radiation flux profile. Highly non-uniform illumination across the cells was found to reduce the efficiency by about 10% relative. The radiation flux profile longitudinal to the receivers was measured by a custom-built flux scanning device. The results show significant fluctuations in the flux profile and, at worst, the minimum flux intensity is as much as 27% lower than the median. A single cell with low flux intensity limits the current and performance of all cells in series, causing a significant drop in overall output. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the causes of flux non-uniformities is essential for the design of a single-axis tracking PV trough concentrator. Simulation of the flux profile was carried out using the ray tracing software Opticad, and good agreement was achieved between the simulated and measured results. The ray tracing allows the effect of the receiver supports, the gap between mirrors and the mirror shape imperfections to be examined individually. A detailed analytical model simulating the CHAPS collector was developed in the TRNSYS simulation environment. The accuracy of the new component was tested against measured data, with acceptable results. A system model was created to demonstrate how sub components of the collector, such as the insulation thickness and the conductivity of the tape bonding the cells to the receiver, can be examined as part of a long term simulation.
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Vance, William M. "A Computational Study of a Photovoltaic Compound Parabolic Concentrator." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1429876153.

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Morfeldt, Johannes. "Optically Selective Surfaces in low concentrating PV/T systems." Thesis, Örebro University, School of Science and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-7396.

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One of the traditional approaches to reduce costs of solar energy is to use inexpensive reflectors to focus the light onto highly efficient solar cells. Several research projects have resulted in designs, where the excess heat is used as solar thermal energy.

Unlike a solar thermal system, which has a selective surface to reduce the radiant heat loss, a CPV/T (Concentrating PhotoVoltaic/Thermal) system uses a receiver covered with solar cells with high thermal emittance.

This project analyzes whether the heat loss from the receiver can be reduced by covering parts of the receiver surface, not already covered with solar cells, with an optically selective coating. Comparing different methods of applying such a coating and the long-term stability of low cost alternatives are also part of the objectives of this project.

To calculate the heat loss reductions of the optically selective surface coating a mathematical model was developed, which takes the thermal emittances and the solar absorptances of the different surfaces into account. Furthermore, a full-size experiment was constructed to verify the theoretical predictions.

The coating results in a heat loss reduction of approximately 20 % in such a CPV/T system and one of the companies involved in the study is already changing their design to make use of the results.

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Zeitouny, Joya. "Advanced strategies for ultra-high PV efficiency." Thesis, Perpignan, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PERP0056.

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La limite théorique de rendement des cellules photovoltaïques simple-jonction est de l’ordre de 33% d’après le modèle de Shockley-Queisser, ce qui reste éloigné de la limite de Carnot, prédisant une limite maximale de conversion énergie solaire → électricité de 93%. L’écart important entre ces deux limites découle des pertes intrinsèques, essentiellement liées à la conversion inefficace du spectre solaire et à la disparité entre les angles solides d’absorption et d’émission. Pour surmonter ces pertes et se rapprocher de la limite de Carnot, trois stratégies sont envisagées dans cette thèse : les cellules multi-jonction àconcentration, la combinaison de la concentration et de la restriction angulaire et les systèmes hybrides PV/CSP. Chacune de ces stratégies est limitée par des mécanismes qui dégradent leur performance.L’objectif de cette thèse est donc de comprendre dans quelle mesure les différents mécanismes limitants sont susceptibles d’affecter les performances des différentes stratégies étudiées, et d’optimiser l’architecture des cellules dans le but d’accroitre leur efficacité de conversion. Dans ce but, un modèle détaillé de cellule solaire tenant compte des principaux mécanismes limitant a été développé. Un outil d’optimisation par algorithme génétique a également été mis au point, afin d’explorer l’espace des différents paramètres étudiés pour identifier les conditions d’opération optimales. Nous démontrons l’importance majeure que revêt l’adaptation des propriétés optoélectroniques des matériaux utilisés aux conditions opératoires, que ce soit dans le cas des cellules solaires à concentration endurant des pertes résistives significatives, ou encore dans le cas de cellules solaires fonctionnant à des niveaux de températures très supérieurs à l’ambiante. Enfin, nous avons déterminé l’effet des principaux facteurs limitant que constituent les pertes résistives et les recombinaisons non-radiatives sur les cellules solairessimultanément soumises au flux solaire concentré et à la restriction angulaire du rayonnement émis
The maximum efficiency limit attainable with a single-junction PV cell is ~ 33% according to the detailed balance formalism (also known as Shockley-Queisser model), which remains far from the Carnot limit, predicting a solar to electricity efficiency upper value of 93%. The large gap between both limits is due to intrinsic loss mechanisms, including the inefficient conversion of the solar spectrum and the large discrepancy between the solid angles of absorption and emission. To overcome these losses and get closer to the Carnot limit, three different strategies are considered in this thesis: concentrated multi-junction solarcells, the combination of solar concentration and angular confinement, and hybrid PV/CSP systems. Each strategy is inherently limited by several loss mechanisms that degrade their performances. The objective of this thesis is, hence, to better understand the extent to which these strategies are likely to be penalized by these losses, and to tailor the cell properties toward maximizing their efficiencies. To address these questions, a detailed-balance model of PV cell accounting for the main loss mechanisms was developed. A genetic-algorithm optimization tool was also implemented, aiming at exploring the parameter space and identifying the optimal operation conditions. We demonstrate the uttermost importance of tailoring the electronic properties of the materials used with both multi-junction solar cells undergoing significant series resistance losses, and PV cells operating at temperature levels exceeding ambient temperature. We also investigate the extent to which series resistances losses and non-radiative recombination are likely to affect the ability of PV cells simultaneously submitted to concentrated sunlight and angular restriction of the light emitted by band-to-band recombination
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Tefera, Misrak A. "Electricity Production from Concentrated Solar Power and PV System in Ethiopia." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-40426.

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Ethiopia has been facing problems regarding power generation, distribution, balancingbetween demand and supply and access to modern energy service. About 92.4% of energysupply is from biomass (mostly in traditional) 5.7% oil which is not friendly with theenvironment and about 1.6% of energy supply is from renewable energy resource,hydropower plants.Being dependent on hydropower plant causes the country to face many challenges indistribution and balancing demand and supply. This thesis provides another way ofconsidering and implementing renewable energy resource (solar energy resource) throughtechnologies like grid-connected roof mounted solar PV system and CSP plant with the helpof PVGIS, PVWatt and SAM software.This thesis aims to come up with an idea that will work out for current engineering, socialand political issue that is seen in the country. Considering new way in planting PV system onthe roof is strongly recommended and increasing the alternative sites for power generationalong with the appropriate technology is recommended as another way. The possibility andpower generating efficiency is checked through each application.Based on the demonstration in all software’s used, it is clearly visible that the country couldhave been satisfied the needed demand and become the hub of east Africa as mentioned inthe policy and strategy. However, this dependency causes the country to insufficiently supplythe need. Apart from the possibilities and estimation, ideas that might help the country tocome over these challenges are provided in recommendation section.
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Sharma, Pratibha. "Modeling, Optimization, and Characterization of High Concentration Photovoltaic Systems Using Multijunction Solar Cells." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35917.

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Recent advancements in the development of high-efficiency multijunction solar cells have led to a renewed interest in the design and implementation of high concentration photovoltaic systems. With the emergence of novel materials and design structures, understanding the operation of multijunction solar cells has become a challenging task. Modeling and simulation hence play an important role in the analysis of such devices. In this dissertation, techniques for accurate optoelectrical modeling of concentrating photovoltaic systems, based on multijunction solar cells, are proposed. A 2-dimensional, distributed circuit model is proposed, parametrized to values obtained by numerical modeling of three multijunction cell designs, namely: a three-junction, lattice matched design, a three-junction lattice-mismatched, inverted metamorphic design, and a four-junction,lattice matched design. Cell performance for all the three designs is evaluated under both uniform and nonuniform illumination profiles at high concentrations and efficiency enhancement by optimizing finger spacing is proposed. The effect of luminescent coupling from higher bandgap subcells is also determined.Fresnel-lens based, refractive concentrating optical systems are modeled and optimized using an optical ray-tracing simulator at two different concentrations, with and without a secondary optical element. The corresponding optical efficiency, acceptance angle, and the degree of nonuniformity are determined for each optical system. An integrated approach,combining optical design with electrical modeling is proposed for optimizing the multijunction solar cell in tandem with the corresponding concentrating optics. The approach is validated by on-sun, acceptance angle measurements, using a three-junction,lattice-matched cell. Also, temperature effects are modeled and are experimentally validated for a three-junction, lattice-matched design. Experimental results with a single-junction, dilute-nitride cell, targeted for four-junction operation, are presented as well. A modified distributed circuit model is used for analysis of temperature effects in a four-junction solar cell, and the results under both uniform and nonuniform temperature profiles are presented. When implemented, the designs and their corresponding analyses, may result in new insights into the development of CPV systems, thereby enabling enhanced efficiencies at higher concentrations.
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Gaynullin, Bakhram. "LASER-TESTING RIG : Measurement System for evaluation of Shape of concentrating reflector for solar collector Absolicon X10." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energi och miljöteknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-4645.

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This Thesis project is a part of the all-round automation of production of concentrating solar PV/T systems Absolicon X10. ABSOLICON Solar Concentrator AB has been invented and started production of the prospective solar concentrated system Absolicon X10. The aims of this Thesis project are designing, assembling, calibrating and putting in operation the automatic measurement system intended to evaluate the shape of concentrating parabolic reflectors.On the basis of the requirements of the company administration and needs of real production process the operation conditions for the Laser testing rig were formulated. The basic concept to use laser radiation was defined.At the first step, the complex design of the whole system was made and division on the parts was defined. After the preliminary conducted simulations the function and operation conditions of the all parts were formulated.At the next steps, the detailed design of all the parts was conducted. Most components were ordered from respective companies. Some of the mechanical components were made in the workshop of the company. All parts of the Laser-testing rig were assembled and tested. Software part, which controls the Laser-testing rig work, was created on the LabVIEW basis. To tune and test software part the special simulator was designed and assembled.When all parts were assembled in the complete system, the Laser-testing rig was tested, calibrated and tuned.In the workshop of Absolicon AB, the trial measurements were conducted and Laser-testing rig was installed in the production line at the plant in Soleftea.
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Ritou, Arnaud. "Développement, fabrication et caractérisation de modules photovoltaïques à concentration à ultra haut rendement à base de micro-concentrateurs." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY059/document.

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Les modules photovoltaïques à concentration (CPV) ont tendance à se miniaturiser. D’une part, la distance focale plus courte des optiques de concentration permet de réduire le besoin en matériaux pour l’assemblage du module ; et d’autre part, le rendement des modules est sensiblement meilleurs que ceux des modules CPV de taille normale. L’étude de chaque élément de la chaine de pertes dans la littérature des micro-concentrateurs a permis de confirmer cette tendance. Cette thèse aborde les problématiques de coût et de rendement à travers la conception optique d’un concentrateur à deux étages de lentilles, sa fabrication puis une étude approfondie de ses performances.La méthode de conception, développée à partir de lois d’optique géométrique et non-imageante, définit le profil des lentilles à λ=589nm en premiers lieux. Ensuite, une simulation par tracé de rayons permet d’optimiser ces lentilles pour l’ensemble du spectre solaire puis d’étudier l’impact de leur désalignement lors de la mise en module. Les limites des déplacements des éléments du module ainsi déterminées conditionnent la précision de sa fabrication. Dans notre cas, l’alignement est réalisé automatiquement par un jeu de repères mécaniques lors du moulage simultané des optiques primaires (POE) et des optiques secondaires (SOE). Contrairement aux procédés habituels, ce procédé de moulage innovant permet d’assembler un module en seulement trois étapes au lieu de cinq.Pour caractériser les micro-concentrateurs réalisés, une méthode de mesure du rapport module à cellule (CTM) est développée. Pour cela, le rendement des cellules est mesuré en simulateur solaire avant et après leur mise en module. Les cellules multi-jonctions mises en œuvre étant sensibles aux variations spectrales et spatiales de l’éclairement, la validation préalable de ces mesures est primordiale. En complément du CTM qui quantifie la somme des pertes introduites lors de la mise en module, d’autres mesures sont développées pour comprendre la chaine de perte plus en détails.Le dispositif étudié au cours de cette thèse utilise des cellules triple-jonction de 0,6 x 0,6mm² avec une concentration de 1000X et atteint un rendement de 29%. Le CTM est de 70% et l’analyse de la chaine de perte montre que le procédé inventé n’impacte pas ou peu les performances du module. De plus, la détermination de la chaine de perte montre que les pertes par réflexion et par absorption sont prédominantes, au même titre que les pertes dues à la diffusion des lentilles ainsi que les pertes dues aux non-uniformités d’éclairement sur la cellule
The actual trend of CPV is the micro-scaling of modules. A bibliographic study shows that shorter focal length of optics implies less material consumption in manufacturing and an enhanced efficiency of the modules. In this thesis, a double stage refractive micro-concentrator is designed, manufactured and characterized. First, the optical design of the concentrator is based on non-imaging technics. Thus, the profile of the lenses is generated for a single wavelength. Then, a ray tracing simulator is used to optimize the lens profile for the overall solar spectrum and study the concentrator element misalignment effect on the performances.Secondly, a three steps self-assembly process is developed instead of the usual five steps one. Both POE and SOE lenses of our device are molded simultaneously and a mechanical guidance system in the mold ensures the alignment of the micro-concentrator elements (POE, SOE and Cell).Finally, the performances measurements of the manufactured modules are managed in solar simulators in which the lightening condition are previously studied and validated. Comparing the bare cells efficiency with the module efficiency, the cell-to-module ratio (CTM) represents the overall losses in the module. Further experiments are managed to quantify each loss of the module. The manufactured and characterized micro-concentrator is a 1000X concentrating ratio with 0.6 x 0.6mm² triple junction cells. It efficiency is 29% with a 70% CTM. Finally, the loss chain study reveals that the three steps self-assembly process is reliable
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Albarazanchi, Abbas Kamal Hasan. "Composant diffractif numérique multispectral pour la concentration multifonctionnelle pour des dispositifs photovoltaïque de troisième génération." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD029/document.

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La lumière du soleil est un bon candidat comme source propre et abondante d'énergie renouvelable. Cette source d'énergie écocompatible peut être exploitée pour répondre aux besoins croissants en énergie du monde. Plusieurs générations de cellules photovoltaïques ont été utilisées pour convertir directement la lumière solaire en énergie électrique. La troisième génération de type multijonction des cellules photovoltaïques est caractérisée par un niveau d'efficacité plus élevé que celui de tous les autres types de cellules photovoltaïques. Des dispositifs optiques, tels que des concentrateurs optiques, des séparateurs optiques et des dispositifs optiques réalisant simultanément la séparation du spectre et la concentration du faisceau ont été utilisés dans des systèmes de cellules solaires. Récemment, les Eléments Optiques Diffractifs (EOD) font l'objet d'un intérêt soutenu en vue de leur utilisation dans la conception de systèmes optiques appliqués aux cellules photovoltaïques. Cette thèse est consacrée à la conception d'un EOD qui peut réaliser simultanément la séparation du spectre et la concentration du faisceau pour des cellules photovoltaïques de type multijonction latéral ou similaire. Les EOD qui ont été conçus ont une structure sous-longueur d'onde et fonctionnent en espace lointain pour implanter la double fonction séparation du spectre et concentration du faisceau. Pour cette raison, des outils de simulation ont été développés pour simuler le comportement du champ magnétique à l'intérieur de l'EOD à structure sous-longueur d'onde. De plus, un propagateur hybride rigoureux a aussi été développé, il est basé sur les deux théories de la diffraction, à savoir la théorie scalaire et la théorie rigoureuse. La méthode FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) ou méthode de différences finies dans le domaine temporel a été utilisée pour modéliser la propagation du champ magnétique en champ proche c'est-à-dire à l'intérieur et autour de l'EOD. La méthode ASM (Angular Spectrum Method) ou méthode à spectre angulaire a été utilisée pour modéliser de façon rigoureuse la propagation libre en champ lointain. Deux EOD différents ont été développés permettant d'implanter les fonctions souhaitées (séparation du spectre et concentration du faisceau) ; il s'agit d'une part d'un composant diffractif intitulé G-Fresnel (Grating and Fresnel lens) qui combine un réseau avec une lentille de Fresnel et d'autre part d'une lentille hors-axe. Les composants proposés réalisent la séparation du spectre en deux bandes pour une plage visible-proche infrarouge du spectre solaire. Ces deux bandes peuvent être absorbées et converties en énergie électrique par deux cellules photovoltaïques différentes et disposées latéralement par rapport à l'axe du système. Ces dispositifs permettent d'obtenir un faible facteur de concentration et une efficacité de diffraction théorique d'environ 70 % pour les deux bandes séparées. Grâce à une distance de focalisation faible, ces composants peuvent être intégrés dans des systèmes compacts de cellules solaires. La validation expérimentale du prototype fabriqué montre une bonne correspondance entre les performances expérimentales et le modèle théorique
Sunlight represents a good candidate for an abundant and clean source of renewable energy. This environmentally friendly energy source can be exploited to provide an answer to the increasing requirement of energy from the world. Several generations of photovoltaic cells have been successively used to convert sunlight directly into electrical energy. Third generation multijunction PV cells are characterized by the highest level of efficiency between all types of PV cells. Optical devices have been used in solar cell systems such as optical concentrators, optical splitters, and hybrid optical devices that achieve Spectrum Splitting and Beam Concentration (SSBC) simultaneously. Recently, diffractive optical elements (DOE’s) have attracted more attention for their smart use it in the design of optical devices for PV cells applications.This thesis was allocated to design a DOE that can achieve the SSBC functions for the benefit of the lateral multijunction PV cells or similar. The desired design DOE's have a subwavelength structure and operate in the far field to implement the target functions (i.e. SSBC). Therefore, some modelling tools have been developed which can be used to simulate the electromagnetic field behavior inside a specific DOE structure, in the range of subwavelength features. Furthermore, a rigorous hybrid propagator is developed that is based on both major diffraction theories (i.e. rigorous and scalar diffraction theory). The FDTD method was used to model the propagation of the electromagnetic field in the near field, i.e. inside and around a DOE, and the ASM method was used to model rigorously propagation in the free space far field.The proposed device required to implement the intended functions is based on two different DOE’s components; a G-Fresnel (i.e. Grating and Fresnel lens), and an off-axis lens. The proposed devices achieve the spectrum splitting for a Vis-NIR range of the solar spectrum into two bands. These two bands can be absorbed and converted into electrical energy by two different PV cells, which are laterally arranged. These devices are able to implement a low concentration factor of “concentrator PV cell systems”. These devices also allow achieving theoretically around 70 % of optical diffraction efficiency for the both separated bands. The impact distance is very small for the devices proposed, which allows the possibility to integrate these devices into compact solar cell systems. The experimental validation of the fabricated prototype appears to provide a good matching of the experimental performance with the theoretical model
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Albaz, Abdulkarim. "Investigation into using Stand-Alone Building Integrated Photovoltaic System (SABIPV) as a fundamental solution for Saudi rural areas and studying the expected impacts." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15844.

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A number of natural resources can be exploited for providing energy, such as the sun, wind, water flow, tides, waves and deep heat generated within the earth. Recently, renewable resources especially that extracted from solar have been significantly encouraged mainly for environmental worries, such as climate change mitigation and global warming, coupled with high oil cost and security and economic matters. The crucial need of energy in human development has also been another important drive pushing the rapid progresses in renewable technologies, which results in both large-scale strategic projects for covering wide urban and rural areas and simple systems suitable for individual buildings. Solar energy has become a widely desired option, especially in high solar radiation areas. The Middle East, especially Gulf region is an ideal geographical area for solar power where it has one of the highest solar irradiation rates across the world. The population in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries is significantly small compared to the geographical areas and populations are distributed mostly throughout huge areas forming small villages and rural communities on substantial distances from the main power networks. In Saudi Arabia, there is a crisis in supplying enough electricity to the large cities and domestic remote area in various parts in the country and a wide range of remote areas still suffer from a severe shortage of power supply. In this project, the opportunity of using small-scale solar energy technologies, such as Stand-Alone Building-Integrated PV (SABIPV) systems has been investigated as an optimal solution for providing solar energy to a great deal of off-grid areas in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the expected short and long-term impacts of such solution have been studied. The study showed that the main reasons behind the crisis in supplying electricity to domestic remote and rural off-grid areas in Saudi Arabia are the weakness of the financial returns compared to the cost of providing the service, the difficulty of the natural topography of areas, high cost of maintenance works, and the regulations of providing electric services in Saudi Arabia. This is in addition to the expected environmental impacts, such as raising the pollution rates in the area and the safety influences of extending the high voltage lines over huge areas. On the other hand, the lack of the necessary infrastructure services, particularly electricity and the looking forward for better level of prosperity lead people who live in countryside and remote areas usually to immigrate to in-grid areas which has several short and long-term negative impacts on economic, social and security sides. This study shows that SABIPV system is a cost-Impactive, powerful, and fundamental solution for all off-grid areas in Saudi Arabia including remote villages and rural communities and providing the same level of electricity services that can be achieved in urban on-grid areas. The system is expected to have positive impacts including reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, the expansion of agricultural land and reduce desertification, reducing the influence of high-voltage electrical lines on living organisms, providing adequate electricity service at lower cost, offering more job opportunities for people in remote areas, increasing agricultural and handicraft products, developing the tourism sector in rural areas, reducing the rate of migration from rural areas to the cities, and reducing the slum areas in cities which helps to reduce the rate of crimes, ignorance, the low level of morality, and health and environmental problem.
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Books on the topic "Pv concentrator"

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Fanetti, E. High concentration PV 100 W module making use of spectral splitting SI-GaAs coupled cells. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1985.

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IEEE recommended practice for qualification of concentrator photovoltaic (PV) receiver sections and modules. New York: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pv concentrator"

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Sun, Jianwei, Hui Shen, and Bifen Shu. "A New Type of Linear Concentrator PV System." In Proceedings of ISES World Congress 2007 (Vol. I – Vol. V), 1533–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75997-3_312.

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Huraib, F. S., M. S. Imamura, N. Eugenio, and N. R. Rao. "Status of 350-kW Concentrator PV System AF." In Seventh E.C. Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 272–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3817-5_51.

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Xinian, Jiang, Ge Hongchun, Gao Hanshan, Sang Shiyu, and Zhou Xiaobo. "Performance Study on Solar Pv-Thermal Internal Concentrator Tube Collector." In Proceedings of ISES World Congress 2007 (Vol. I – Vol. V), 537–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75997-3_97.

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Mokri, Alaeddine, and Mahieddine Emziane. "A Triple-Cell Concentrator PV System with No Current-Matching and No Lattice-Matching Constrains." In Sustainability in Energy and Buildings, 193–200. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27509-8_15.

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Gu, Yaxiu, and Xingxing Zhang. "A Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Concentrator for Building Application in Sweden Using Monte Carlo Method." In Data-driven Analytics for Sustainable Buildings and Cities, 141–61. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2778-1_7.

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A. Kim, Katherine, Konstantina Mentesidi, and Yongheng Yang. "Solar Power Sources: PV, Concentrated PV, and Concentrated Solar Power." In Renewable Energy Devices and Systems with Simulations in MATLAB® and ANSYS®, 17–40. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315367392-2.

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Hinzer, Karin, Christopher E. Valdivia, and John P. D. Cook. "High Concentration PV Systems." In Photovoltaic Solar Energy, 396–410. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118927496.ch36.

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Maish, A. B., and J. L. Chamberlin. "PV Concentrators Today and Tomorrow." In Tenth E.C. Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 992–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3622-8_254.

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Anders, G., D. Corlatan, K. Herz, and D. Schmid. "Holographic Soft Concentrators for PV Applications." In Tenth E.C. Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 1229–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3622-8_311.

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O’Gallagher, Joseph J. "Practical Design of CPC PV Concentrators." In Nonimaging Optics in Solar Energy, 39–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-79420-9_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pv concentrator"

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Sharp, Leonard, and Ben Chang. "Low concentrator PV optics optimization." In Solar Energy + Applications, edited by Martha Symko-Davies. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.795299.

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Hernández, M., P. Benítez, J. C. Miñano, A. Cvetkovic, R. Mohedano, O. Dross, R. Jones, D. Whelan, G. S. Kinsey, and R. Alvarez. "XR: a high-performance PV concentrator." In Solar Energy + Applications, edited by Martha Symko-Davies. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.736910.

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Tuttle, J. R., E. D. Cole, T. A. Berens, A. Szalaj, J. Keane, and J. Alleman. "A novel “flat-plate” PV concentrator package." In National center for photovoltaics (NCPV) 15th program review meeting. AIP, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.57906.

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Smeltink, John, and Andrew Blakers. "40kW PV Thermal Roof Mounted Concentrator System." In 2006 IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcpec.2006.279535.

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McConnell, R., V. Garboushian, J. Brown, C. Crawford, K. Darban, D. Dutra, S. Geer, et al. "Assuring long-term reliability of concentrator PV systems." In SPIE Solar Energy + Technology, edited by Neelkanth G. Dhere, John H. Wohlgemuth, and Dan T. Ton. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.826729.

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Horne, Stephen, Gary Conley, Jeffrey Gordon, David Fork, Pat Meada, Eric Schrader, and Thomas Zimmermann. "A Solid 500 Sun Compound Concentrator PV Design." In Conference Record of the 2006 IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcpec.2006.279550.

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Angel, Roger, Ryker Eads, Barry Hartweg, Zach Holman, and Nick Didato. "Embossed sheet glass lens arrays for hybrid PV modules." In 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-17). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0100087.

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Khvostikov, Vladimir P., Alexey S. Vlasov, Pavel V. Pokrovskiy, Olga A. Khvostikova, Alexander N. Panchak, Ekaterina P. Marukhina, Nikolay A. Kalyuzhnyy, and Vyacheslav M. Andreev. "Characterization of ultra high power laser beam PV converters." In 15th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV-15). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5124213.

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Araki, Kenji, Yasuyuki Ota, Kazuma Ikeda, Kan-Hua Lee, Kensuke Nishioka, and Masafumi Yamaguchi. "Possibility of static low concentrator PV optimized for vehicle installation." In 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-12). Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4962069.

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Alamoudi, Abdullah, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki, Radhakrishna Prabhu, and Nazmi Sellami. "Design of an absorptive reflective crossed CPC PV/T system." In 15th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV-15). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5124186.

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Reports on the topic "Pv concentrator"

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Friedman, Dan. National solar technology roadmap: Concentrator PV. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1217265.

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McMahon, William E. Photovoltaics Optimized for Stationary Wide-Angle Concentrator PV System: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-16-604. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1560122.

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Sánchez Álvarez, Carlos, Anaiane Pereira Souza, and Julián Andrés Castillo Vargas. Respuesta productiva de porcinos (pietrain × landrace) alimentados con una dieta compuesta de harina de maíz y girasol (66:34) frente a un concentrado comercial. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecapma.4048.

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Contextualización: la alimentación representa entre el 60 y 70% de los costos de un sistema de producción animal. Vacio del conocimiento: por lo tanto, se hace necesario el diseño de estrategias nutricionales de bajo costo y directamente en la propiedad para superar esta limitación. Propósito del estudio: el objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar las respuestas productivas de un concentrado experimental compuesto por harina de maíz y harina girasol (66:34) y la de un concentrado comercial, para la alimentación de cerdos en crecimiento. Metodología: fueron usados 10 machos castrados y cruzados Pietrain × Landrace de 12 kg de peso vivo inicial, los cuales fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos de 5 animales: el primer grupo fue sometido a una dieta control (DC, uso de concentrado comercial) y el segundo a una dieta experimental (DE, concentrado formado por 66% de harina de maíz y 34% de harina de girasol, preparado directamente en la propiedad). La comparación entre tratamientos se realizó usando un diseño completamente al azar mediante el paquete estadístico SAS y el nivel de significancia adoptado fue de P<0,05. Resultados y conclusiones: no se encontró diferencia estadística entre la dieta comercial (DC) y la experimental (DE) para el peso vivo (PV) inicial medio (DC = 12,2 vs DE = 12,1 kg; P = 0,388), sin embargo, si hubo diferencia para el PV final medio (DC = 65,5 vs DE = 62,9 kg; P < 0,01) y consumo díario de alimento (DC = 2,12 vs DE = 2,08 kg/día). El PV presentó una dinámica de aumento semejante entre las dos dietas en función del tiempo. Hubo diferencia estadística entre las dietas mencionadas para la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP; DC = 0,393 vs DE = 0,383 kg/día; P = 0,022), pero no para el índice de conversión alimentar (ICA; DC = 5,39 vs DE = 5,43; P = 0,545) entre los dos grupos de tratamientos. Por lo tanto, considerando los resultados anteriores, se puede concluir que el uso de una relación harina de maíz: harina de girasol (66:34) no genera respuestas productivas iguales o superiores a la alternativa comercial.
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O'Shaughnessy, Eric J. The Effects of Market Concentration on Residential Solar PV Prices: Competition, Installer Scale, and Soft Costs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1452704.

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Netter, Judy. Equipment Loan for Concentrated PV Cavity Converter (PVCC) Research: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-08-285. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1215365.

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Netter, Judy. Equipment Loan for Concentrated PV Cavity Converter (PVCC) Research: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-08-285. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1659770.

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