Journal articles: 'Purification silicium'

1

Erin, J., D. Morvan, and J. Amouroux. "Rôle de l'hydrogène dans le procédé de purification du silicium par plasma thermique inductif." Journal de Physique III 3, no. 3 (March 1993): 633–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp3:1993154.

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Erin, J., D. Morvan, and J. Amouroux. "Optimisation des conditions de fonctionnement d'un pilote plasma de 25 kW pour la purification du silicium." Journal de Physique III 5, no. 5 (May 1995): 585–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp3:1995148.

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Shablovski, Vladimir, Alla Tuchkoskaya, Vladimir Rukhlya, and Olga Pap. "COAGULANT-FLOCCULANT FROM SECONDARY RESOURCES FOR TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER." WATER AND WATER PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL NEWS 30, no. 2 (October 4, 2021): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2218-930022021240165.

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Coagulants and flocculants are used almost at all drinking water supply facilities, wastewater treatment plants of municipal and industrial enterprises in Belarus and Ukraine to intensify and increase the efficiency of the processes of purification, clarification and discoloration of water and wastewater. Mainly as coagulants aluminum and iron salts are used, as flocculants - active silicic acid, starch, cellulose derivatives, polyacryloamide, etc. Sulfuric acid treatment of alumina-containing raw materials allows, in the course of one process, to obtain a mixture of active substances - salts of aluminum, iron, active SiO2. In this case, there is no need to separate the salt from suspended particles and colloidal silicic acid. The presence of suspended dispersed particles in the active substance, as well as colloidal silicic acid and its salts, enhances and accelerates coagulation. The resulting solution, along with aluminum sulfate, contains silicic acid, which acts as a flocculant in the process of water purification. In addition, the processed products also contain ferrous sulfate, in the presence of which a better coagulation result is achieved. Industrial tests of the coagulant-flocculant were carried out in order to purify wastewater from oil products. The test results showed that the effectiveness of the coagulant-flocculant in reducing the content of oil products in wastewater is comparable to the currently used aluminum sulfate. The effectiveness of the developed coagulant-flocculant for the purification of drinking water was evaluated in comparative tests with a coagulant “Polvak-68” in the mode of trial coagulation on a laboratory flocculator. The research results are showed that the value of all parameters characterizing the contamination of the source water are highty decreasing for experimental coagulant-flocculant in compare with regular product.

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Starostina, I. V., N. Yu Kiryushina, Е. V. Loktionova, and А. V. Matushkina. "Obtaining a Ferrosilicon Flocculant-Coagulant from Metallurgical Production Waste and Its Usage in Emulsified Wastewaters Purification Process." Ecology and Industry of Russia 26, no. 7 (July 6, 2022): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2022-7-20-25.

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A method of obtaining a composite ferrosilicon flocculant-coagulant (FSFC) as a result of acidic modification of slaking steelmaking slag was suggested. It has been determined that the acidic modification of electric-furnace steelmaking slag results in the leaching of basic oxides with the formation of ferric sulfate and silicic acid gel. This allows using the obtained modification product as a ferrosilicon flocculant-coagulant in emulsified wastewaters purification systems. It has been demonstrated that the obtained powdery FSFC at the consumption rate 0.7 g/dm3 provides the emulsion purification efficiency – 99.3 %.

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Rokosik, E., K. Dwiecki, M. Rudzińska, A. Siger, and K. Polewski. "Column chromatography as a method for minor components removal from rapeseed oil." Grasas y Aceites 70, no. 3 (May 7, 2019): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.0709182.

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The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of different chromatographic column beds (silicic acid, activated charcoal, aluminum oxide, silica gel) on the concentration of individual minor components (sterols, tocopherols, carotenoids and chlorophyll) in rapeseed oil. With the use of a combination of these beds, a three-stage optimized method for removing minor components from rapeseed oil was developed. It was demonstrated that the combination of silicic acid and activated charcoal removed about half of the sterols present from the oil. Aluminum oxide turned out to be the most effective bed in removing tocopherols, purifying the oil to their minimum level (2.6 mg/kg). All adsorbents used had similar capacity to purify oil from pigments (carotenoids and chlorophyll). In the three-stage purification process free sterols were almost completely removed (to the level 90.0 mg/kg). Purification of β-carotene and chlorophyll from the oil was also very effective. Tocopherols were completely removed with this method, except for a small amount of α-tocopherol (0.4 mg/kg), which results from its relatively weak interaction with a hydrophilic bed. The developed method may be used in studies on the effect of association colloids on bulk oil autoxidation processes.

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Lyakhov, Nikolay, Tatiana Grigoreva, Tatiana Talako, Tatyana Udalova, Sergey Vosmerikov, and Evgeniya Devyatkina. "A Carbon-Free Way for Obtaining Nanoscale Silicon." Powders 1, no. 1 (February 17, 2022): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/powders1010003.

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The nanosized silicon powder has been produced by reduction of silica with magnesium in an argon medium using both the mechanically activated self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and the direct mechanochemical synthesis and has been investigated by X-ray phase analysis, Infrared spectroscopy, electron scanning microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The optimal Mg:SiO2 ratio has been found to provide the minimum content of contaminant impurities of magnesium silicide and silicate in mechanically activated self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. For the first time, direct mechanochemical synthesis of Si via reduction of silica with magnesium has been implemented. Optimal component ratio and mechanical activation parameters have been determined, yielding Si/MgO composites without impurity phases (magnesium silicide and silicate). A purification procedure has been proposed for separating silicon obtained from magnesium oxide and other impurity phases. The ratio of initial components has been determined, at which purified silicon has the least amount of impurities. The particle size of silicon powder obtained was 50–80 nm for the mechanically activated self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, and 30–50 nm for the direct mechanochemical synthesis.

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Sathyamoorthy, Neeraja, Nilofer Qureshi, and Kuni Takayama. "Purification and characterization of C28–55 fatty acids from Mycobacterium smegmatis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m85-041.

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The nonmycolic C16 to C55 fatty acids obtained from Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 356 by saponification were enriched with respect to the C28 to C55 acids by successive chromatography on silicic acid and Sephadex LH-20 columns. These partially purified fatty acids were then derivatized to the p-bromophenacyl ester and further fractionated by argentation thin-layer chromatography and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography into their individual components.The esters were characterized by electron impact mass spectrometry. Two structural series of C28:1 to C42:1 and C45:2 to C55:2 fatty acids were identified as possible precursors of the monoenyl and dienyl mycolic acids, respectively. These acids were structurally related to the α-alkylhydroxyl group of the corresponding mycolic acid. The results suggest that these C28 to C55 fatty acids (meromycolic acids) of M. smegmatis might be precursors of mycolic acids.

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Karpychev, E. А. "Determination of sorption characteristics of aluminum hydroxide sludge formed at the stage of pre-purification of water treatment plant." Vestnik IGEU, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2022.2.015-020.

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An urgent task of the research is to describe the properties of the sludge formed during coagulation depending on the type of water supply source. Namely, the aim is to study the sorption capacity of the sludge for the main components removed from the water (iron compounds, organic substances, and silicic acid compounds). This indicator allows you to directly determine the effectiveness of the coagulation. When comparing the actual values of this indicator with practically obtainable values, one can say about the lack or excess of the coagulant supplied for processing. To calculate the specific sorption capacities of the sludge, the following indicators have been used: organic content, the weight concentration of silicic acid compounds in terms of SiO2 and the weight concentration of iron compounds in terms of Fe. After drying and calcining the sludge, the resulting mineral residue has been dissolved in the solution, and the content of the final components was determined. Conventional water analysis methods have been applied. For the first time, a method is proposed to determine the specific sorption capacities of aluminum hydroxide sludge for organic compounds, for iron compounds in terms of Fe, for silicic acid compounds in terms of SiO2. A classification of natural low-turbidity waters with an increased content of iron-organic compounds is proposed. Within the framework of the proposed classification of waters, the authors have obtained previously undetermined actual specific sorption capacities of the sludge. Recommendations have been given to get practical importance values of the sorption characteristics of the sludge. The proposed method to calculate the sorption capacity of aluminum hydroxide sludge and index of sorption capacity of the sludge are recommended to be used as a parameter that determines the conditions and efficiency of application of the aluminum sulfate coagulation technology. Excessive doses of the coagulant that provide a sorption capacity of the sludge greater than the recommended values, lead to an excessive consumption of both the reagent itself and purge water. Thus, some measures can be taken to bring the sorption capacity of the sludge to practically achievable values, for example, aquatic acidification.

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Liu, Fei, Ling Ke Zeng, Jian Xin Cao, Qian Lin, and Jing Li. "Preparation of Xonotlite Whiskers from Carbide Slag." Key Engineering Materials 434-435 (March 2010): 787–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.434-435.787.

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Carbide slag was used as raw materials for the first time to prepare xonontlite whiskers via a hydrothermal route without special instruments and synthesis conditions. And the effect of pH value of emulsion of carbide slag and hydrothermal conditions on removal rate of impurities, morphology and crystallinity of synthesized xonotlite whiskers were explored using ICP, SEM and XRD techniques. The results indicated that the carbide slag after purification could be used to prepare xonotlite whiskers, and different pH values of emulsion of carbide slag had great impact on the removal rate of impurities and morphology of xonotlite whiskers. Xonotlite whiskers with 20-40 μm in length and 100-500 nm in diameter were hydrothermally synthesized at 230 °C for 15 h with using silicic acid as kiesel material.

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10

Cho, Young-Sang, Yeonghyun Lee, and Jun Kyu Park. "Fabrication of Silica Microspheres Containing TiO2 or Aluminum Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles via Self-Assembly: Application in Water Purification." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 6738–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18793.

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In this study, silica micro-particles containing titania (TiO2) or aluminum zinc oxide (AZO) nanopar-ticles were synthesized using emulsion droplets as micro-reactors, for water purification application via photocatalytic decomposition of organic dyes. Towards this end, aqueous silicic acid solution has been emulsified with aqueous dispersion of TiO2 or AZO nanoparticles in a continuous oil phase to form tiny droplets, followed by subsequent self-assembly of the droplets via evaporation. The resulting composite microparticles were controlled to obtain a spherical or porous morphology by adjusting the concentration of the nanoparticle dispersion. As a demonstrative application, the resulting composite micro-particles have been used as photocatalysts for the removal of methylene blue under UV irradiation. In the case of silica microparticles containing AZO nanoparticles, the adsorption of organic pollutants combined with photocatalytic decomposition was found to be effective, and trace amounts of the pollutant remained after the removal process.

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11

Vasilenko, T. A., and A. A. Koltun. "Chemical Aspects of the Obtaining of Iron-Containing Coagulant-Flocculant from Electric Steel Melting Slag for Wastewater Treatment." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.403.

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The possibility of producing iron and silicon-coagulant-flocculant for purification of waste water was shown. The electric steel melting slag JSC "OMK-Steel" has been used as the starting material, in which the content of iron oxide to 25.8% and silicon dioxide is 17.6%. The optimal parameters of slag hydrochloric opening were as follows: the modification time at T = 40 °C – 1 hour, the concentration of hydrochloric acid – 1.5 N, the ratio of the solid and liquid phases of S : L = 1 : 10. In these settings the concentration of hydrosilicic acid (for silicon) will be 1532 mg/l; the concentration of iron – 1250 mg/l has a lower concentration of silicic acid in the production of the solution with increasing temperature and time of exposure. This paper examined the chemical aspects of the process of obtaining the new iron-containing coagulant-flocculant based on electric furnace slag. The results can be used to produce coagulants and flocculants using industrial waste.

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12

Liu, Qilin. "New Water Treatment Chemical PFZSS Preparation and Application." Open Chemical Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (October 9, 2015): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874123101509010121.

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Nowadays global water quality pollution has become extremely serious, and solving water pollution has been extremely urgent, so researches on water pollution solutions have become even urgent. And flocculating method is the most traditional water purification method, research and create new high performance flocculating agent is one of flocculating method inherent problems. The paper mainly describes adding iron, zinc two kinds of metal captions together in polysyllabic acid, well controlling all aspects requirements in technology, researching and creating new water purification substance—poly iron and zinc silicate sulfate flocculants (PFZSS). PFZSS making method is weighting proper amount sodium silicate into container, and meanwhile putting it into water to dissolve, then utilizing dilute euphoric acid and sodium hydroxide to adjust silicic acid solution pH value and arrive at regulated scope, letting it to activate and arrive at certain time, slowly importing activated proper silica acid solution into moderate iron sulfate and zinc sulfate on the condition of fully blending, and finally putting and curing for a while. And implement experiment research on how mixed solution metal cations matching; making method, pH value, and silicon dioxide concentration these factors affect PFZSS overall performance. PFZSS application mainly takes catering industry sewage solution as an example to get PFZSS has very strong absorption capacity, owns good cleaning effects on extremely turbid catering industry treatment sewage COD and turbidity acquiring, its reaction formed flock density is great, sedimentation rate is very fast, so PFZSS will have great application prospects in the aspect of treating urban sewage.

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13

Janes, M. E., R. Nannapaneni, A. Proctor, and M. G. Johnson. "Rice Hull Ash and Silicic Acid as Adsorbents for Concentration of Bacteriocins†." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 11 (November 1, 1998): 4403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.11.4403-4409.1998.

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ABSTRACT A model procedure has been developed for the rapid extraction of five bacteriocins (nisin, pediocin RS2, leucocin BC2, lactocin GI3, and enterocin CS1) from concentrated freeze-dried crude culture supernatants by adsorption onto acid or alkaline rice hull ash (RHA) or silicic acid (SA). Bacteriocins were adsorbed onto RHA or SA by a pH-dependent method and desorbed by decreasing the pH to 2.5 or 3.0 and heating at 90°C for 5 min. The maximum adsorption and optimal pH range for different bacteriocins were as follows: nisin, 97% at pH 7.0; lactocin GI3, 94% at pH 6.0; pediocin RS2, 97% at pH 8.0 to 9.0; leucocin BC2, 88% at pH 9.0; and enterocin CS1, 94% at pH 5.0. The desorption level of lactocin GI3 or enterocin CS1 from the surfaces of both RHA and SA was 94%, while the desorption level of pediocin RS2 and leucocin BC2 was 50% or less. Nisin was desorbed readily from SA (91%) but not from RHA (50% or less). The adsorption of bacteriocins onto RHA and SA increased with the increasing concentration of bacteriocins. Analysis of the desorbed bacteriocins after dialysis and sodium dodecyl sulfate–16% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed a single band that gave a single inhibition zone when overlaid withLactobacillus plantarum for detection of lactocin GI3, enterocin CS1, and nisin. RHA appears useful for extraction, concentration, and partial purification of the five bacteriocins.

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14

Ma, Limin, Xiaoxia Tang, Bin Wang, Lina Jia, Sainan Yuan, and Hu Zhang. "Purification in the interaction between yttria mould and Nb-silicide-based alloy during directional solidification: A novel effect of yttrium." Scripta Materialia 67, no. 3 (August 2012): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.04.025.

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15

Muñoz-Muñoz, Alexander, Omar Yesid Moreno-Moreno, Liliana del Pilar Castro-Molano, Humberto Escalante-Hernandez, Santiago Céspedes-Zuluaga, Karol Zapata-Acosta, and Farid Cortés-Correa. "Nanoadsorbentes para captura de dióxido de carbono (CO2): un enfoque a la purificación del biogás." Revista ION 33, no. 1 (June 26, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.18273/revion.v33n1-2020006.

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En los últimos años, la producción de biogás en biodigestores domésticos ha tenido un creciente desarrollo, siendo empleado en zonas rurales principalmente para iluminar y calentar. Sin embargo, la presencia de CO2 reduce considerablemente el poder calorífico del biogás, lo cual genera disminución en la eficiencia térmica, lo que hace necesaria la remoción de este componente para mejorar la calidad del gas y aumentar sus posibilidades de aplicación como combustible. En este trabajo se evaluó la capacidad de adsorción de CO2 de nanopartículas de sílice y sílice pirogénica comercial Aerosil 380 funcionalizadas con aminas. Las nanopartículas de sílice se prepararon mediante el método sol-gel usando como precursor de silicio tetraetil ortosilicato (TEOS). Los materiales se funcionalizaron mediante impregnación húmeda con 15 y 30 %p de dietanolamina y etilendiamina. Las pruebas de caracterización permitieron determinar el tamaño de nanopartícula (TEM), área superficial (BET), estabilidad térmica (TGA) y composición química (FTIR) de las nanoestructuras, y relacionar dichas propiedades con la afinidad por el adsorbato. Los ensayos de adsorción de CO2 se realizaron a una temperatura de 30 °C bajo un flujo de 60 mLmin-1 de CO2 a una presión de 20 psi. Los materiales basados en sílice pirogénica Aerosil 380 obtuvieron una mayor capacidad de adsorción comparados con los materiales de nanopartículas de sílice sintetizadas, y se obtuvo la mayor capacidad de adsorción (35,4 mg/g) para la muestra impregnada al 30 % p/p de dietanolamina, que además puede adsorber CO2 en presencia de humedad.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Purification silicium'

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