Academic literature on the topic 'Purification silicium'
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Journal articles on the topic "Purification silicium"
Erin, J., D. Morvan, and J. Amouroux. "Rôle de l'hydrogène dans le procédé de purification du silicium par plasma thermique inductif." Journal de Physique III 3, no. 3 (March 1993): 633–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp3:1993154.
Full textErin, J., D. Morvan, and J. Amouroux. "Optimisation des conditions de fonctionnement d'un pilote plasma de 25 kW pour la purification du silicium." Journal de Physique III 5, no. 5 (May 1995): 585–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp3:1995148.
Full textShablovski, Vladimir, Alla Tuchkoskaya, Vladimir Rukhlya, and Olga Pap. "COAGULANT-FLOCCULANT FROM SECONDARY RESOURCES FOR TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER." WATER AND WATER PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL NEWS 30, no. 2 (October 4, 2021): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2218-930022021240165.
Full textStarostina, I. V., N. Yu Kiryushina, Е. V. Loktionova, and А. V. Matushkina. "Obtaining a Ferrosilicon Flocculant-Coagulant from Metallurgical Production Waste and Its Usage in Emulsified Wastewaters Purification Process." Ecology and Industry of Russia 26, no. 7 (July 6, 2022): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2022-7-20-25.
Full textRokosik, E., K. Dwiecki, M. Rudzińska, A. Siger, and K. Polewski. "Column chromatography as a method for minor components removal from rapeseed oil." Grasas y Aceites 70, no. 3 (May 7, 2019): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.0709182.
Full textLyakhov, Nikolay, Tatiana Grigoreva, Tatiana Talako, Tatyana Udalova, Sergey Vosmerikov, and Evgeniya Devyatkina. "A Carbon-Free Way for Obtaining Nanoscale Silicon." Powders 1, no. 1 (February 17, 2022): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/powders1010003.
Full textSathyamoorthy, Neeraja, Nilofer Qureshi, and Kuni Takayama. "Purification and characterization of C28–55 fatty acids from Mycobacterium smegmatis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m85-041.
Full textKarpychev, E. А. "Determination of sorption characteristics of aluminum hydroxide sludge formed at the stage of pre-purification of water treatment plant." Vestnik IGEU, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2022.2.015-020.
Full textLiu, Fei, Ling Ke Zeng, Jian Xin Cao, Qian Lin, and Jing Li. "Preparation of Xonotlite Whiskers from Carbide Slag." Key Engineering Materials 434-435 (March 2010): 787–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.434-435.787.
Full textCho, Young-Sang, Yeonghyun Lee, and Jun Kyu Park. "Fabrication of Silica Microspheres Containing TiO2 or Aluminum Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles via Self-Assembly: Application in Water Purification." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 6738–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18793.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Purification silicium"
MARONGIU-COMBES, ROS SANA. "Purification des siliciums de type n et p par fusion sous plasma inductif : Rôle du laitier fluore et du potentiel imposé. Application au silicium polycristallin photovoltaique." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066420.
Full textAbouchi, Hamza. "Purification de silicium solaire dans des réacteurs à grande surface." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI035.
Full textSolar grade silicon, needed to supply the ever-growing photovoltaic market, has to be purified from metallurgical silicon. The classical chemical route for purification has a high energy cost and environmental drawbacks. The alternative metallurgical route has to decrease its production cost to meet with the low market price. In this work, we study a technology breakthrough compared to existing processes to remove boron, such as the plasma process previously studied in the SIMaP laboratory.The first chapter of this thesis presents the context of silicon production for solar cells, with focus on the chemical route and the metallurgical route for silicon purification, and explains the goal of this work. The second chapter discuss a state of the art of the processes to remove boron by gas blowing. Different setups of different teams are presented, and the literature survey is specially focused on the role of each gas species, the kinetics of the boron removal and the purification limit due to the formation of a silica layer.Chapter three presents a theoretical model developed during this PhD to describe the boron removal by gas blowing, in continuous reactors with counter-current gas and liquid flows. The model takes into account a chemical equilibrium at the interface, mass transfer to the bulk fluids and the limit on the oxidant fraction due to the formation of a silica layer. It was run at laboratory scale and then used to extrapolate at industrial scale.The experimental part of the thesis is presented in chapters four and five, where the design, realisation and tests of a laboratory scale experiment are detailed. Thermal tuning was performed and new phenomena were reported, involving capillarity and condensation of gaseous species. Boron removal results are shown for situations where the continuous flow of silicon was suppressed. As shown in our last chapter, further experimental developments would be fruitful at laboratory scale, together with studies at industrial scale using our theoretical model
Dégoulange, Julien. "Purification et caracterisation physico-chimique et électriques de silicium d'origine métallurgique destiné à la conversion photovoltaïque." Grenoble INPG, 2008. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00368733.
Full textThe feedstock shortening is a major challenge for the photovoltaic industry. Among the possible routes from metallurgical grade to solar grade silicon, the plasma refining to reduce the boron content, combined with segregations to remove the metallic pollutants seems very promising. The plasma process combines electromagnetic stirring of the molten silicon with the boron volatilization by the reactive species produced by the plasma. The boron volatilization has been studied via thermodynamic calculations thanks to the FactSage code, and the chemical on line analysis of the volatilised pollutants in the flue gases of the process by ICP-OES. The electromagnetic stirring has been the subject of a numeric and experimental study. The distribution of reactive species onto the surface has been investigated replacing liquid silicon with a graphite target. The optimized process permitted the production of silicon with reduced boron content. The chemical and electrical characterisations of the refined and crystallised material have showed too high concentrations of aluminium, oxygen and phosphorus. However the life time of minority carriers was comprised between 20 and 50 µs and cells with efficiency above 14% have been produced
Vadon, Mathieu. "Extraction de bore par oxydation du silicium liquide pour applications photovoltaïques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI067/document.
Full textBoron extraction from liquid silicon is a step within a new chain of processes aimed to purify silicon that meets purity requirements specific to photovoltaic applications. This thesis focuses mostly on cold gas processes that involve the injection of a mixture of Ar-H2-H2O gases onto electromagnetically stirred liquid silicon. A second similar method ("plasma processes") that involves the injection of thermal plasma made from an Ar-H2-H2O mixture has also been studied. A model is needed to minimize energy consumption by optimizing the process.We want to be able to predict the flow of silicon from the reactive surface (oxidation speed), the flow of boron from the surface (to have the purification speed) and the passivation threshold. For a given setting, the passivation threshold is the limit oxydant partial pressure at injection beyond which a passivating silica layer appears on the surface of the liquid silicon, which interrupts the purification. In order to minimize the energy consumption, and for that matter , in order to speed up the process, we want to inject oxydant in a quantity just below the passivation threshold.Previous studies have shown that the limiting factor for the oxidation and purification speed is the transport of oxidant in the gas phase. That's why we have made a 1D reactive-diffusive model at thermodynamical equilibrium of the gaseous boundary layer. According to this model the effect of the formation of silica aerosols is to divide by two the flow of oxydant towards the surface, which is useful for the simplification of CFD simulations. This effect of the formation of silica aerosols on oxidant flows can also be found without the hypothesis of thermodynamical equilibrium of silica aerosols with the gas phase, as confirmed by simulations and experiments.Regarding the estimation of the purification speed, we have selected the most realistic values of the enthalpy of formation of HBO(g) and of the activity coefficient of boron in liquid silicon.We could get good estimates of the purification speed at different temperatures and levels of oxidant concentrations at injection, by using the selected thermodynamical values and by supposing that the surface reaction products HBO(g) and SiO(g) diffuse similarly. A reason for this similar diffusion of SiO(g) and HBO(g) might be a common and simultaneous precipitation , due to specific dynamics of nucleation and growth that need to be investigated further. Those results for cold gas processed could also be obtained for a plasma experiment.However for the plasma experiment, silica aerosols can be formed only in a very thin layer near the surface and this result needs confirmation from other experiments.Temperature measurement and control for electromagnetically levitating liquid silicon under a flow of oxidant were achieved. With more time, quantitative results could be achieved to measure thermodynamical data on impurities without contaminations.Regarding the prediction of the passivation threshold, we justified a thermodynamical equilibrium at surface of SiO(g) with Si(l) and SiO2(s/l) at passivation threshold with the spreading of silica particles over the liquid silicon surface with the stirring. We show that the passivation layer is compatible with silica aerosols only if those aerosols are not in equilibrium with the gas phase. Therefore the kinetics of formation of silica aerosols should be studied further. A previous empirical formula on the prediction of the passivation threshold for experiments where H2O is the oxidant has been confirmed using our CFD model. A passivation experiment has shown the absence of impact of silica aerosols on oxidant transport when the oxidant is O2
Ndzogha, Cyrille. "Etudes des phénomènes d’échange dans la purification du silicium par plasma et induction." Grenoble INPG, 2005. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01340596.
Full textThis thesis focuses on a plasma process of purification of silicon for photovoltaic applications. It is applied to two types of materials: metallurgical silicon and recycling products from sawing sludge ingots and from wafers of photovoltaic industry. Platelet sawing sludge consist mainly of cutting fluid, SiC particles (abrasive), silicon microparticles and iron micro-particles from the cutting wire. Silicon sludge is a high-purity silicon, which is already of photovoltaic quality. It can represent 60% of the original weight of the ingot. The present process comprises a SiC phase separation by centrifugation, followed by chemical elimination phase of the iron, then a reactive plasma treatment for removing residual SiC. This work deals with this last phase. A more complex treatment than originally planned was made necessary by the existence in the SiC particles of sawing sludge from the initial breaking of the abrasive grains. Separation of SiC is incomplete, the plasma treatment had to remove much larger quantities than originally planned. This required a significant modification of the original process, and the setting of a pre-treatment phase point intended to make it usable by the product of the plasma separation. This work combines theoretical studies, numerical modeling and experimentation. Thermodynamic modeling to determine the best conditions for the removal of pollutants (adapted reactive gases, flow rates, temperatures, pressures) whereas modeling the electromagnetic measurement brewing efficiency renewing the surface of the liquid bath during treatment
De, Sousa Matthias. "Contribution à la purification des déchets de silicium solaire oxydé à l'aide d'un procédé assisté par plasma thermique." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0033/document.
Full textWafer manufacturing produces large amounts of solar-grade silicon waste that is not currently recovered because of its contamination during the slicing process. This work deals with the purification of silicon waste using a non-transferred arc plasma process. It was carried out by using a double approach combining numerical simulations and experiments. The former were done using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code and made it to size the experimental configuration and understand the effect of process parameters on gas flow fields and powder treatment. The experimental study consisted in injecting powdered silicon waste (sawdust silicon, crushed powder) into the plasma jet under controlled atmosphere and collecting the treated material in a hot crucible. Decarburization and deoxidation of silicon waste, including sawdust resulting from wafer slicing, was achieved by the developed method. However, the removal of metal impurities in silicon sawdust was not demonstrated in this study. The experimental and numerical results showed that deoxidation was improved with a low-velocity plasma jet and limited air content in the area of treatment. Silica carboreduction and silica volatilization by silicon oxidation seemed to be the two mechanisms involved in the purification process
Rousseau, Sylvain. "Développement du procédé de purification du silicium par plasma thermique RF : mécanisme d’élimination des impuretés : effet simultané de la polarisation électrique du silicium liquide et de la composition du plasma." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066547.
Full textApostolidou, Eleni. "Etude des transferts de chaleur et de matiere lors de la purification du silicium par fusion sous plasma thermique reactif : caracterisation physicochimique du silicium photovoltaique elabore." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066173.
Full textPatatut, Loïc. "Développement d'un dispositif de LIBS pour l'analyse quantitative en ligne des procédés de purification du silicium fondu." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI100/document.
Full textThe aim of this PhD research work was to develop and to validate a quantitative method to measure the composition of molten silicon by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). The device used consists in an intrusive measurement on the surface of gas bubbles which are produced by blowing an inert gas through a pipe inserted into the melt. First, the signal acquisition conditions were optimized to ensure LIBS signal repeatability and reproducibility to overcome experimental fluctuations due to the bubbling. Second, the experimental parameters affecting plasma physics were evaluated to maximize the measurement sensitivity and to lower the limits of detection. The two key parameters identified are the laser power density and the ambient gas: the signal intensity and then the number of emitters inside the plasma are promoted by higher laser energy and an Ar atmosphere rather than a He one. The plasma spectroscopic diagnosis as a function of these parameters showed that they don’t have significant effect on the temperature of electrons, ions and neutral species. The only mechanisms to be considered are then the increase of the mass ablated by the laser and the modification of the plasma relaxation conditions by the ambient atmosphere. Third, calibration curves were established for B, Al, Fe, Cu and Ti impurities under the optimized conditions. Limits of detections from few ppmw for B, Fe and Al to less than 0,5 ppmw for Ti and Cu have been achieved. The predicted concentrations by LIBS are in very good agreement with the ones measured by the conventional ex-situ method, ICP-OES. The mean relative discrepancy is lower than 10 %. These results demonstrate the LIBS benefits for in-situ and in-line monitoring of photovoltaic silicon production processes
Apostolidou, Eleni. "Etude des transferts de chaleur et de matière lors de la purification du silicium par fusion sous plasma thermique réactif, caractérisation physico-chimique du silicium photovoltaique élaboré." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375954878.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Purification silicium"
"are purified lipid contents and others are not, and the puri-(Paspalum scrobiculatum), and barnyard (Echinocloa fied lipid content depends on the purification method. colona). Sridhar and Lakshminarayana [32] also reported Starch lipids (SL) are those bound to starch, and they FL contents of 5.0, 5.6, and 2.2% for Proso, Foxtail, and are the most difficult to extract. Since true SL are present Finger millet, respectively. Taira [45] found slightly high-inside the starch granules, even a very polar solvent such er average FL (ether extraction) contents for glutinous as WSB cannot extract them at ambient temperature. Effi-foxtail millet (4.2-5.1%, average 4.7% of 21 samples) cient extraction of SL requires mixtures of hot aqueous al-than for nonglutinous foxtail millet (4.0-4.7%, average cohol in proportions optimized for controlled swelling of 4.4% of 31 samples). Among millet, pearl millet contains the starch granules and solubilization of the lipids [25]. the most FL. The best solvents are n-propanol or isopropanol with water Lipid contents of rice in Table 2 were cited by Morrison (3:1, by volume) used under nitrogen at 100°C. However, [3] using the data of Nechaev and Sandler [2]. Taira and some n-butanol—water and methanol-water mixtures also Chang [46] reported that the average nonglutinous brown are reasonably efficient extraction solvents at 100°C [25]. rice FL (ether extraction) contents of 20 varieties each of Recently, a third lipid category was introduced. Starch sur-Indica and Japonica types were 2.7% (2.38-2.91%) and face lipids (SSL) are portions of the nonstarch lipids 2.9% (2.54-3.58%), respectively. More recently, Taira et (NSL), which become firmly absorbed onto or into starch al. [47] reported the average FL contents of 15 nongluti-granules during the separation of pure starch [24]. nous varieties as 2.5% (2.24-2.97%) for Indica, 2.5% Lipids are minor components of the cereal grains shown (2.12-2.94%) for Japonica, 2.7% (2.35-3.03%) for Sinica, in Table 2. Data in this table, expressed on a dry basis, and 2.6% (2.11-2.99%) for Japonica types. were calculated from reported values [3,16,26-41]. Also, some BL or TL contents were calculated by subtracting FL from TL or by adding FL to BL, depending on the avail-B. Nonstarch Lipid Classes of Grains ability of data. The FL contents range from 1.5 to 2% of Lipids can be separated into three broad classes by open-the kernel weights of barley, rice, rye, triticale, and wheat column silicic acid chromatography. Nonpolar lipids (NL) grains. They range from 3 to 7% of the kernel weights of are first eluted by chloroform, glycolipids (GL) are eluted oats, millet, corn, and sorghum. However, BL contents in next by acetone, and phospholipids (PL) are eluted last grains are more uniform than FL contents. Therefore, the with methanol. Mixtures of GL and PL are polar lipids FL:BL ratio is substantially higher for corn, millet, oats, (PoL). After NL elution from a silicic acid column, PoL and sorghum than for rye, triticale, and wheat grains. The can be eluted with methanol without the GL elution step. FL:BL ratios for barley and rice are intermediate. Lipids can also be separated into various classes by thin-High oil-containing grains such as corn are continuous-layer chromatography (TLC) using different development ly bred for higher oil content with improved production solvent systems. Each individual lipid class migrates dif-yield. Application of wide-line NMR spectroscopy for ferently on the thin-layer plate, and the difference in mi-nondestructive analysis of the oil content in single corn gration rates makes it possible to separate complex lipids kernels made selection for higher oil content more efficient into classes. The NL consists of SE, TG, DG, MG, and [42]. Corn hybrids with 6-8.5% oil content and grain FFA (see Table 1). The total NL content is obtained by yields equal to those of good commercial hybrids were adding these NL class contents as measured by densitome-produced [43]. try. Thus, the NL content of samples may differ, to some Several kinds of millet exist, and the lipid data in the extent, depending on methodology used (column separa-literature are confusing. Rooney compared the FL (ether tion or TLC separation). extraction) contents of several types of millet in a review The data [1,13,27,29,32,36-38,40,48-58] shown in paper [16]. The average FL contents of pearl millet (Pen-Table 3 may be used for only approximate comparison of nisetum typhoids) were 5.1% (4.1-5.6%, 14 samples), the NL content from different grains because some were 5.4% (2.8-8.0%, 167 samples, [44]), 5.6% (4.3-7.1%, 40 obtained by column chromatography and some by TLC. samples), and 6.2% (4.2-7.4%, 35 samples) [16]. Other All cereal grain lipids are richer in NL than in other class-reported average FL contents were 4.8% (4.6-5.0%, 6 es: 60-70% of the TL are NL in wheat (hexaploid), triti-samples) for foxtail millet (Setaria Italica), 5.8% cale, and rye; 65-80% for barley and oat groats; 77-87% (5.5-6.3%, 6 samples) for Japanese millet (Echinochloa for sorghum and rice; and 75-96% for corn and millet crusgalli), and 4.2% (3.8-4.9%, 20 samples) for proso (Pennisetum americanum). Sridhar and Lakshminarayana millet (Panicum miliaceum) [16]. Sridhar and Lakshmi-[32] reported 82, 80, and 79% of NL for Foxtail, Proso, narayana [30] reported a FL content range of 3.4-5.7% for and Finger millet, respectively. There are significant vari-small millet, including little (Panicum sumatrense), kodo etal effects on the NL/PoL ratio for corn and millet (P." In Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, Revised and Expanded, 434. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420027228-43.
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