Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Purification par extraction liquide/liquide'
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Haddou, Boumediene. "Purification d'effluents par extraction à deux phases aqueuses." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT009G.
Full textCampos, Assunção Mariana. "Etude physicochimique et formulation d'un nouveau solvant d'extraction pour la purification de l'acide phosphorique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066045/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis was focused on the development of new extraction systems to purify phosphoric acid from wet phosphoric acid (WPA). The new system should be respectful of the current Prayon’s process flowsheet designed for the use of the mixture tri-n-butyl phosphate(TBP) and diisopropyl ether (DiPE) as extraction solvent. Firstly, extractants exhibiting different structures and functional groups were screened in order to assess their efficiency and selectivity towards phosphoric acid. Three new promising extraction systems were identified: diisobutyl ether (DBE), diisocarbinol (DiBC) in DiPE, and Fentamine T0810 (ATS) in DiPE. Secondly, our effort was directed to the comprehension of the physico-chemical phenomena involved in the extraction of phosphoric acid by the mixture TBP/DiPE at first, and enriched to describe the other systems studied later. Finally, a simulation model describing the solvent extraction of phosphoric acid by the solvent currently employed by Prayon is presented. This model accounts for the significant volume variation during the extraction of phosphoric acid and allows performing optimizations of extraction parameters even at very high phosphoric acid concentrations (6-14M)
Haj, Youssef Mouna. "Extraction liquide - liquide et extraction par émulsions appliquées à la purification de l'acide phosphorique vis-à-vis du cadmium." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECAP1108.
Full textVadon, Mathieu. "Extraction de bore par oxydation du silicium liquide pour applications photovoltaïques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI067/document.
Full textBoron extraction from liquid silicon is a step within a new chain of processes aimed to purify silicon that meets purity requirements specific to photovoltaic applications. This thesis focuses mostly on cold gas processes that involve the injection of a mixture of Ar-H2-H2O gases onto electromagnetically stirred liquid silicon. A second similar method ("plasma processes") that involves the injection of thermal plasma made from an Ar-H2-H2O mixture has also been studied. A model is needed to minimize energy consumption by optimizing the process.We want to be able to predict the flow of silicon from the reactive surface (oxidation speed), the flow of boron from the surface (to have the purification speed) and the passivation threshold. For a given setting, the passivation threshold is the limit oxydant partial pressure at injection beyond which a passivating silica layer appears on the surface of the liquid silicon, which interrupts the purification. In order to minimize the energy consumption, and for that matter , in order to speed up the process, we want to inject oxydant in a quantity just below the passivation threshold.Previous studies have shown that the limiting factor for the oxidation and purification speed is the transport of oxidant in the gas phase. That's why we have made a 1D reactive-diffusive model at thermodynamical equilibrium of the gaseous boundary layer. According to this model the effect of the formation of silica aerosols is to divide by two the flow of oxydant towards the surface, which is useful for the simplification of CFD simulations. This effect of the formation of silica aerosols on oxidant flows can also be found without the hypothesis of thermodynamical equilibrium of silica aerosols with the gas phase, as confirmed by simulations and experiments.Regarding the estimation of the purification speed, we have selected the most realistic values of the enthalpy of formation of HBO(g) and of the activity coefficient of boron in liquid silicon.We could get good estimates of the purification speed at different temperatures and levels of oxidant concentrations at injection, by using the selected thermodynamical values and by supposing that the surface reaction products HBO(g) and SiO(g) diffuse similarly. A reason for this similar diffusion of SiO(g) and HBO(g) might be a common and simultaneous precipitation , due to specific dynamics of nucleation and growth that need to be investigated further. Those results for cold gas processed could also be obtained for a plasma experiment.However for the plasma experiment, silica aerosols can be formed only in a very thin layer near the surface and this result needs confirmation from other experiments.Temperature measurement and control for electromagnetically levitating liquid silicon under a flow of oxidant were achieved. With more time, quantitative results could be achieved to measure thermodynamical data on impurities without contaminations.Regarding the prediction of the passivation threshold, we justified a thermodynamical equilibrium at surface of SiO(g) with Si(l) and SiO2(s/l) at passivation threshold with the spreading of silica particles over the liquid silicon surface with the stirring. We show that the passivation layer is compatible with silica aerosols only if those aerosols are not in equilibrium with the gas phase. Therefore the kinetics of formation of silica aerosols should be studied further. A previous empirical formula on the prediction of the passivation threshold for experiments where H2O is the oxidant has been confirmed using our CFD model. A passivation experiment has shown the absence of impact of silica aerosols on oxidant transport when the oxidant is O2
Duran, Renan Ravetti. "Procédés d’extraction et de purification de molécules à haute valeur ajoutée issues de la biomasse bois." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0325.
Full textBy-products from wood industry, particularly knots, contain different types of molecules that can be valued as a source of bioactive components meeting therapeutic needs. It is on this idea that the project "Le Bois Santé" was designed. Through the collaboration of several partnerships, the present work aims initially to develop a "green" extraction processes (solid-liquid and supercritical) to obtain an extract rich in lignans from a mixture of norway spruce and silver fir knots. The effects of operating conditions on the extraction yield of each target compound and the antioxidant activity of the extracts were determined. To understand the entire process, the project aims to investigate the impact of concentration and drying processes using vacuum evaporation and lyophilisation. Moreover, the separation and purification of the compounds have been developed and optimized using frontal chromatography technique
Diemer, Étienne. "Intensification du procédé d’extraction, de purification et de fonctionnalisation des acides caféoylquiniques à partir de coproduits de la culture de l’endive." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COMP2821.
Full textForced chicory root is a by-product of Belgian endive culture, a typical crop of northern France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Currently under-utilized in methanation or animal feed, this by-product contains molecules of interest: caffeoylquinic acids. These molecules have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and a potential for reducing metabolic disorders. This thesis aims to intensify the pre-treatment, extraction, purification and functionalization of caffeoylquinic acids from forced chicory roots to develop new bioactive biosourced molecules of potential interest to the cosmetics and nutraceutical sectors. The final part of the thesis deals with a technico-economical study of the process to estimate its economic profitability in relation to the targeted application sector. The first part focuses on the effect of conventional pretreatments (cutting and drying) and the effect of pulsed electric field pretreatment on caffeoylquinic acid content in biomass. The effect of adding an antioxidant solution during extraction is also investigated. Secondly, extraction optimization is carried out using dry or fresh biomass. The influence of factors such as temperature, solid/liquid ratio and solvent type were studied. In addition, extraction kinetics were performed to study kinetic parameters using empirical models. As the purity of the extract obtained is low, purification steps are needed. The thesis then focused on purifying the crude extract obtained using macroporous resins and liquid/liquid extraction. For resin purification, resin screening was carried out, followed by optimization of the purification operating conditions with the chosen resin. Models of adsorption phenomena are carried out to identify the limiting stages and the maximum adsorption capacity. For liquid/liquid extraction, green solvent screening is carried out on aqueous and hydro-ethanolic media, followed by optimization of operating conditions with the best solvent. The penultimate part of the thesis seeks to functionalize caffeoylquinic acids by esterification, starting with a model solution and then a real extract. Esterification conditions are optimized to increase both reaction speed and conversion rate. Esters with different chain lengths were obtained, and biological activities such as antioxidant activity and anti-UV properties were studied. Functionalization is also performed with real extract. A technico-economic study concludes the thesis, opening up prospects for the industrialization of the forced chicory roots valorization process
Hentsch, Marc. "Séparation de protéines par extraction liquide-liquide à l'aide d'une microémulsion /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1237.
Full textDuchêne, Pascal. "Modelisation et commande d'un procede de separation par extraction liquide-liquide." Paris, ENMP, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ENMP0379.
Full textMasmoudi, Abderrazak. "Recyclage du lithium issu des batteries usagées par extraction liquide-liquide dans un milieu liquide ionique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAE028.
Full textA sustainable supply of lithium is essential for the development of modern electrical devices. These devices are based on lithium-ion batteries (LIB), the key element of these LIB is lithium. Recycling is a strategic axis on which the supply of lithium is based in an environmentally and economically sustainable manner. In this context, during this thesis project, our efforts were directed towards the study of lithium recycling by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Ionic liquids (ILs) have been used to replace toxic organic solvents. The present work has two practical and theoretical objectives: (i) the development of a new LLE system for the extraction of lithium by combining extractant and IL and (ii) the understanding of the mechanisms of lithium extraction from aqueous media (acids and bases) in an IL medium with different types of extractants (neutrals and acids). Our results showed that it is relatively difficult to design a LLE system capable of directly extracting lithium from a LIB leachate. For this reason, we proposed to extract lithium at alkaline pH, where most of the cations present in the leachate are already removed. The optimal extraction system under these conditions is that using β-diketone in LI. We have demonstrated that this extraction solvent meets most of the requirements of an ideal system for lithium extraction involving IL
Neto, Eduardo Lins de Barros. "Extraction liquide-liquide à deux phases aqueuses : systèmes phénol tensio-actifs polyéthoxylés." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT00LG.
Full textRey, Julien. "Étude des mécanismes d’extraction synergiques en séparation liquide-liquide." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENCM0003.
Full textSeparative chemistry is a pillar of technologic development in extraction, separation and selective remediation of metals and molecules. It finds its applications in the fields of electronic, renewable energy, medicine and chemistry, which require more than ever the use of “Strategic Metals”. The liquid-liquid extraction is a separation technique that is involved in hydrometallurgical processes for the recovery of strategic metals from primary deposits, secondary and urban mines.This work is part of global vision of optimization of liquid-liquid extraction processes used in synergy, consisting in understanding the mechanisms underlying the synergy, and generalizing these mechanisms to all synergistic extraction systems. The understanding of these mechanisms underlying synergism aims at predicting and developing new synergistic extractants mixtures.To better understand the driving forces at the origin of synergistic phenomena, a suitable methodology for the characterization of supramolecular structures of extractant in the organic phase was exploited during this thesis work. The use of techniques like Small Angle Neutron / X-ray Scattering X-ray (SAXS /SANS) and interfacial tensiometry was crucial for the understanding of the synergistic mechanisms. A thermodynamical was also proposed to estimate quantitatively the key driving forces involved in the liquid-liquid extraction mechanisms. The application of these keys of comprehension helped to design a new synergistic system for the extraction of rare earths elements from phosphoric medium
DHASKALI, GRIGOR. "Extraction liquide-liquide du palladium(ii) par la lix 63 : aspects thermodynamique et cinetique." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066109.
Full textCORDIER, PIERRE-YVES. "Separation par extraction liquide - liquide des actinides (iii) des lanthanides (iii) par de nouvelles molecules : les picolinamides." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CLF21832.
Full textThéobald, Jérôme. "Les fullerènes : préparation et purification par chromatographie liquide préparative." Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/Theobald.Jerome.SMZ9544.pdf.
Full textOur purpose was the study of the production and the purification of fullerenes. After summarizing the bibliographic advances in the field of fullerenes production, synthesis mechanisms hypotheses and usual analysis methods, we focuse on the parameters which are expected to step in these molecules discovered recently : the simultaneous presence of aromatic molecules and warmth. In the second part of this thesis, we perform laser ablation experiments on various carbonaceous materials and show the link between the aromatic behavior of the target and the nature of fullerenes. We also propose original fullerenes sources, as polystyrene and toluene combustion or fullerenes recovery in carbonaceous wastes of some industrial processes. The production methods of fullerenes and particularly those presented in this work, lead to complex, mixtures of fullerenes and polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC). We propose solutions for extraction, pre-purification for partial PAC elimination and separation of fullerenes. We develop a convenient method easy to be scaled-up. We present production forecasts and cost of fullerenes preparative scale separation
THEOBALD, JEROME Weber Jean-Victor. "LES FULLERENES : PREPARATION ET PURIFICATION PAR CHROMATOGRAPHIE LIQUIDE PREPARATIVE /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1995. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1995/Theobald.Jerome.SMZ9544.pdf.
Full textMESSAOUDI, ABDELKADER. "Extraction liquide-liquide du strontium par le 3-phenyl-4-benzoyl-5-hydroxy-isoxazole. Synergies." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR13112.
Full textBorrini, Julien. "Séparation actinides (III) / lanthanides (III) par filtration membranaire et par extraction liquide-liquide à l'aide de complexants hydrosolubles." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00911664.
Full textGamino, Arroyo Zeferino. "Séparation argent-or à partir d'un jus de lixiviation à la thiourée par extraction liquide-liquide." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECAP1065.
Full textThe recovery of gold and the silver from their ores are done in general in two stages: a leaching of the ore followed of one or more stages of separation. The processes of leaching currently use as reactive either mercury or the cyanide. These reagents are particularly polluting for the environment and very toxic for human health. Research of alternative processes was undertaken in the Eighties. A powerful but expensive reagent was proposed: thiourea. The objective of this research is to explore the possibility of coupling leaching by thiourea with a separation by liquid-liquid extraction. A bibliographical synthesis of the processes of mechanisms of leaching by thiourea as well as a complete review of the systems extractants likely to be appropriate were carried out. Preliminary tests provided us to select one original powerful extractive reagent, the Di-(2-ethylhexyl) dithiophosphoric acid (D2EHDTPA). Available commercially only in the metal salt form , it was synthesized and characterized. An exhaustive parametric study of the thermodynamics of extraction of Ag and Au with D2EHDTPA has been investigated. It allows to identify the stoichiometry of the extracted complexes. As extractant has a great affinity for Au and Ag, their separation is carried out with the help of a selective stripping. A diagram of process allowing the separation of two metals and the recycling of thiourea was proposed and dimensioned. The separation of the extracted Ag is done with a stripping step thanks a thiocyanate solution. The addition of a section of washing provided to refine this separation. Finally, Au is stripped with a thiosulfate solution. The awaited purities are higher than 99,90%
Kiriamiti, Kirimi Henry. "Extraction de pyréthrines par le CO2 liquide et supercritique." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT013G.
Full textCoilhac, Marie. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation d'un procédé de séparation de cobalt et de nickel par extraction liquide-liquide." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC048.
Full textThis thesis work aims at modelling and optimizing the step of cobalt and nickel separation by solvent extraction, for a hydrometallurgical process. The first stage of the adopted methodology consisted in studying and modelling separately the extraction equilibria of each metal present in the industrial feed solution (cobalt, nickel, magnesium, manganese and zinc) by the phosphinic acid CYANEX® 272 diluted in an inert hydrocarbon mixture. The resulting extraction reactions and their associated equilibrium constants are the basis of a multi-element thermodynamic model that simulates the batch extraction of mixtures of the 5 metals. The next stage of the study consisted in modelling the continuous process of cobalt and nickel separation, based on the multi-element thermodynamic model. This multi-stage process operated counter-currently includes different steps : extraction, scrubbing, cobalt stripping and zinc stripping. In the model developed, the metal concentrations in both phases, the pH in all the stages, and the reagent consumptions are calculated by an iterative method. This simulation tool allowed identifying optimal operational conditions, for which the cobalt extraction yield of 95% is reached with significant caustic soda savings. Then the proposed conditions have been validated through continuous pilot tests
Bakti, Jos. "Récupération d'acides malique et tartrique par extraction liquide-liquide. Application à la dépollution d'effluents agro-industriels." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT009G.
Full textFACON, SYLVIE. "Contribution a la separation metaux de la mine du platine-metaux communs par extraction liquide-liquide." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066088.
Full textSchneider, Hélène. "Récupération des acides des bains de décapage les plus utilisés dans l'industrie par extraction liquide-liquide." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ECAP0870.
Full textKaplan, Pierre-Joseph. "Purification d'effluent radioactif : élimination de césium par membrane liquide émulsionnée." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0587.
Full textTraore, Youssouf. "Perspective nouvelle pour la récupération de l'indium issu des e-déchets par électrodéposition dans les liquides ioniques à température ambiante." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00733947.
Full textChouai, Assia. "Application des réseaux de neurones à la modélisation et à la commande multivariable des colonnes d'extraction liquide-liquide." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT008G.
Full textSmagghe, Freddy. "Séparation des acides tartrique et malique par extraction liquide-liquide. Valorisation et dépollution des effluents viti-vinicoles." Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT040G.
Full textHanine, Hafida. "Récupération de l'acide aconitique dans l'industrie de la canne à sucre par précipitation et extraction liquide-liquide." Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT022G.
Full textOuejhani, Ali. "Étude du recyclage du chrome des bains résiduaires de tannage par voie électrochimique et extraction liquide-liquide." Paris, CNAM, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CNAM0478.
Full textIn the industry of leather, the traditional treatment of the tannery waste water (charged out of trivalent chromium) proves to be insufficient and expensive. To cure these disadvantages, we proposed and studied a new approach of treatment and revalorization of the waste baths of tanning by electrochemical oxidation and liquid-liquid extraction. The design of a new process of treatment of these rejections by electrochemical way, requires a realization of an experimentation relating to the electrochemical oxidation of trivalent chromium. The use of the experimental design methodology, allowed us initially, by the implementation of a factorial design split to distinguish the experimental factors most influential on the reaction of electrochemical oxidation of Cr(III) in Cr(VI) in terms of outputs chemical and faradic. In a second study, the experimental results obtained by using the approach of Doehlert, enabled us to establish a mathematical model, whose essential interest is to be able to predict in any point of the experimental field the values of the chemical and faradic yields. The study of the equations of the answers led to the values of the factors which optimized the experimental answers, namely a chemical yield higher than 95% and a faradic yield higher than 50%. It is manifestly known than hexavalent chromium is definitely more toxic than trivalent chromium. The development of a technique of selective extraction of Cr(VI) remains a condition necessary of the success of the process. Thus, we studied the selective extraction of hexavalent chromium and its recovery in a form compatible with its possible recycling in the industry of leather or other industries
ALLY, ROBERT. "Etude cinetique et modelisation d'une extraction par membrane liquide emulsionnee." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066006.
Full textDuran-Valencia, Cécilia. "Extraction par solvants supercritiques, mesures d'équilibre "liquide-vapeur" et modélisation." Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP0968.
Full textMüller, Wolfram. "Extraction liquide-solide de cations métalliques par des cations amphiphiles." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20173/document.
Full textIn the field of selective separation for recycling of spent nuclear fuel, liquid-liquid extraction processes are widely used (PUREX, DIAMEX …) in industrial scale. In order to guarantee a sustainable nuclear energy for the forthcoming generations, alternative reprocessing techniques are under development. One of them bases on the studies from Heckmann et al in the 80's and consists in selectively precipitating actinides from aqueous waste solutions by cationic surfactants (liquid-solid extraction). This technique has some interesting advantages over liquid-liquid extraction techniques, because several steps are omitted like stripping or solvent washing. Moreover, the amount of waste is decreased considerably, since no contaminated organic solvent is produced. In this thesis, we have carried out a physico-chemical study to understand the specific interactions between the metallic cations with the cationic surfactant. First, we have analysed the specific effect of the different counter-ions (Cl-, NO3-, C2O42-) and then the effect of alkaline cations on the structural properties of the surfactant aggregation in varying thermodynamical conditions. Finally, different multivalent cations (Cu2+, Zn2+, UO22+, Fe3+, Nd3+, Eu3+, Th4+) were considered; we have concluded that depending on the anionic complex of these metals formed in acidic media, we can observe either an adsorption at the micellar interface or not. This adsorption has a large influence of the surfactant aggregation properties and determines the limits of the application in term of ionic strength, temperature and surfactant concentration
Cerino, Clelio. "Ιntensificatiοn de la séparatiοn d'émulsiοns par chauffage micrο-οndes : applicatiοn à l'extractiοn liquide-liquide de métaux critiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMIR16.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the application of a microwave heating emulsion separation method to the phase separation of emulsion typical to the critical metal recovery processes. Following a literature review centered around emulsion separation, microwave heating in general, and the intensification of the separation of petroleum-based emulsions by microwave heating, the research work focuses firstly on physico-chemical properties relevant to the phase separation of the studied emulsions, and their evolution with temperature. Surface tension measurements, along with preliminary separation tests, show the important but hardly understood role of surface tension and its time evolution. Emulsion and single phase permittivities are then measured and modeled with equations available in the literature, allowing us to prefigure the penetration depth achievable in such materials with microwaves. The measured permittivities justify employing a laboratory scale, microwave intensified phase separator to observe, with small treatment volume and fluids throughput, the effect of microwaves on emulsion separation. Lastly, we study microwave heating numerically, with COMSOL Multiphysics, first with the aforementioned experimental geometry, then with simpler geometries, presenting problems that could arise, should an industrialization occur. Results obtained with the experimental set-up, as well as the simulations performed allow us to confirm the described method’s interest in the metal recovery context, and to prefigure scale-up. The annexes present further research axis identified during the thesis
Hubert, Hervé. "Complexation des ions trivalents des groupes 4f et 5f par les diamides et utilisation en extraction liquide-liquide." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985ECAP0037.
Full textRAKIB, MOHAMMED. "Etude par extraction liquide-liquide du comportement thermodynamique du vanadium (5) dans un systeme biphasique eau-alcool aliphatique." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066682.
Full textPani, Fatos. "Hydrodynamique et transferts de matiere en reacteurs agites gaz-liquide et gaz-liquide-liquide : application oxydante du cuivre par lix 65n-hs." Paris, ENMP, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENMP0034.
Full textBou, Maroun Elias. "Extraction liquide-liquide et solide-liquide des lanthanides par des β-dicétones hétérocycliques et des ligands N-donneurs,libres ou immobilisés sur des silices mésostructurées." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR13074.
Full textLiquid-liquid extraction of trivalent rare earths Ln(III) (Ln: La, Eu, Lu), from nitric aqueous media, by the bis-acylpyrazolone 1,12-bis(1'-phényl-3'-methyl-5'-hydroxy-4'-pyrazolyl)-dodecane-1,12-dione (HL-(CH2)10-LH) has been studied. The extraction occurs at lower pH than the extraction by the simple 4-acyl-5-hydroxypyrazoles (HL) and its efficiency increases with the ascending atomic number of Ln (La < Eu < Lu). The presence of a solvating agent of the type 3N-donor, 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine, TPTZ, induces an important synergistic effect ; TPTZ governs the synergistic order of extraction : La < Lu < Eu. The solid-liquid extraction of Ln(III) by mesostructured silicas doped with the extractants used in liquid-liquid extraction has been also studied. The doped silicas were synthesized at low temperature according to the sol-gel process using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, CTAB, as a templating agent for the porosity (MCM-41 type synthesis). They were characterized by BET analysis of nitrogen isotherms, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy SEM, transmission electron microscopy TEM and laser granulometry. Doped silicas are destructured compared to lamellar silicas obtained in the absence of extractant ; however, the doped material preserves high specific surface area (990 to 1230 m2. G-1) and remains mesoporous. At low pH, solid-liquid extraction by silicas doped by HL or HL-(CH2)10-LH is more efficacious than liquid-liquid extraction; moreover, it is faster. The europium extraction capacity and the stoichiometry of the complex extracted by HL-(CH2)10-LH are comparable in solid-liquid and micellar extractions. The stoichiometries of the bis-acylpyrazolonates, extracted by the three different techniques, do not only depend upon the technique of extraction used, but depend upon the initial concentrations of the chemical species in each phase too. For europium, with a silica doped by HL-(CH2)10-LH and TPTZ, a moderate extraction synergy is observed. The metal/acylpyrazolonate ratio, in the complex extracted by the silica doped by HL-(CH2)10-LH alone (1:2) Eu(L-(CH2)10-L)(L-(CH2)10-LH), differs from that existing in the synergistic complex (1:3) Eu(L-(CH2)10-LH)3(TPTZ). The europium extraction capacity found in our study is 0. 18 mmol/g which is 200 times more important than those obtained with impregnated silica
Colombani, Sandrine. "Comparaison de différentes méthodes d'investigation sur les cinétiques de transfert en extraction liquide-liquide : application à l'étude de l'extraction du fer (III) par le TBP." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ECAP0680.
Full textBen, Nasr Chérif. "Complexation du nickel (II) et des lanthanides (III) par des phosphoramides bidentes : Application à l'extraction liquide-liquide." Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10032.
Full textSchurhammer, Rachel. "Simulations par dynamique moléculaire de la solvatation et du comportement interfacial d'espèces hydrophobes : application à l'hypothèse TATB et à l'extraction liquide/liquide de cations par le CO2 supercritique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13155.
Full textLamadie, Fabrice. "Mesure d’un écoulement diphasique liquide/liquide par holographie numérique en ligne : application à la caractérisation des émulsions en colonne pulsée." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CNAM0863/document.
Full textSeveral processes used in research and industry are based on liquid-liquid extraction, a method designed for selective separation of products in a mixture. In liquid-liquid extraction, two immiscible liquids are contacted: an aqueous phase and an organic phase, one of which generally contains an extractant molecule capable of transferring the desired elements to the other phase. The transfer occurs at the contact surface between the two phases. After transfer, both phases are separated by settling. In practice, these operations are performed in industrial apparatus. In order to optimize the operation of these devices, it's important to determine the fundamental characteristics of the emulsion. These include parameters related to the fluid flow velocity as well as parameters related to fluid mixing such as the interfacial area, hold-up, and size distribution of the droplets population. Numerous imaging techniques can be used to measure these parameters. One of them, digital holography, is well-known for allowing complete reconstruction of information about a 3D flow in a single shot. This PhD work deals with a direct application of digital in line holography to droplets rising in a continuous liquid phase. The droplet size imposes a regime of intermediate-field diffraction hardly explored to date. Acquired diffraction patterns show that the usual dark disk model is not valid and that good agreement is obtained with a mixed model coupling thin lens with opaque disk. Hologram focusing is nevertheless performed with a dedicated automated method. A literature review has been conducted to identify the sharpest autofocus function for our application. In a second step, in order to measure high retention rates, an inverse problem approach is applied on all the outliers and missing droplets. This hologram restitution treatment has been applied to experimental results with a comparison to independent measurements. The main results obtained with calibrated droplets are presented detailing the test device and instrumentation. They have validated the relevance of holography for the characterization of emulsions
Natatou, Ibrahim. "Extraction liquide-liquide et transport a travers une membrane liquide epaisse d'ions alcalins par des melanges de p-tert-butylcalixnarene et d'ethers-couronnes ainsi que par des ligands tridentates organometalliques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR13052.
Full textMignano, Lydie. "Analyses ultramicroélectrochimiques des réactions dans l'acétonitrile et le dichlorométhane en absence d'électrolyte : application aux réactions d'extraction liquide-liquide par paire d'ions et par complexation." Nancy 1, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1995_0228_MIGNANO.pdf.
Full textOmelchuk, Kateryna. "Etude physicochimique de nouveaux agents d’extraction pour la récupération du cobalt, du nickel et du manganèse en milieu chlorure par extraction liquide-liquide." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEC003.
Full textCobalt and nickel are strategic metals from many applications including alloys manufacturing, electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), etc. Their recovery from spent materials is a good opportunity from economical and geopolitical viewpoints as these metals are expensive and recycling reduces considerably supply risks of cobalt and nickel, particularly in the forthcoming years during which cobalt and nickel demands will likely increase significantly with the emergence of electric vehicles. Therefore, recovery of cobalt and nickel from LiBs is strategic and development of efficient and economic processes is coming to the fore. Several research activities were carried out to recycle strategic metals from spent batteries by different methods such as pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and biohydrometallurgy. Pyrometallurgical processes are however energy intensive and release gases like sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide which are harmful to the environment. In recent past, metallurgical industry has been searching for hydrometallurgical processes due to some advantages such as possibility of treating low-grade resources, easier control of wastes and lower energy consumption. Hydrometallurgical processes are based on physical separation, leaching, purification, precipitation and in some cases electrowining. The demand for high purity metals and recent trends towards environmentally friendly technology has focused more attention onto solvent extraction because this technology is mature and permits to achieve high extraction efficiency at low operating costs. Cyanex 272 is a dialkyl phosphinic acid extractant widely used for the separation of cobalt from nickel to obtain high purity cobalt salts that can be reused to produce high-grade products for lithium-ion batteries. However, extraction occurs at pH close to 4 for cobalt and 6 for nickel and addition of alkaline solutions to adjust the pH is required. In order to decrease operating expenditure, the use of extracting agents capable to recover and separate cobalt, nickel, lithium and manganese at lower pH and in few stages is mandatory. The aim of this work is to study the influence of the chemical structure of various organophosphorus compounds synthesized at the laboratory scale on the extraction efficiency of cobalt and nickel vs. pH. In particular, the influence of branching, hydrophobicity and the presence of oxygen atoms in alkyl chains has been investigated for several organophosphorus compounds such as bis(1,3-dibutoxypropan-2-yl) phosphoric acid, bis(1,3-diisobutoxypropan-2-yl) phosphoric acid, bis(5,8,12,15-tetraoxanonadecan-10-yl) phosphoric acid and bis(undecan-6-yl) phosphoric acid
Solastiouk, Pierre. "Application de l'extraction liquide-liquide au traitement et a la revalorisation d'effluents industriels." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13140.
Full textRossignol, Cindie. "Couplage d'un contacteur membranaire à extraction liquide-liquide avec un biorécteur pour la production de molécules hydrophobes par voie biotechnologique." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF22353.
Full textThe study deals with the combination of a membrane process based on liquid/liquid extraction with a bioreactor producing hydrophobic molecules. The bioconversion used is the production of cis-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienal (isonovalal) from α-pinene oxide (unstable in aqueous phase) by whole cells of Pseudomonas rhodesiae (CIP 107491). The production of isonovalal in two-phase medium water/organic is known about but presents important technological brakes. Membrane interest concerns the stabilization of liquid/liquid interface and capacity to increase the biocatalyst life-time. Membrane nature is chosen from the analysis of physical and chemical properties of membrane material and study of the affinities between membrane and interest compounds (solutes, solvents). Two membrane contactors are designed and implemented on laboratory scale to study transfers between liquid phases. It is shown that the hydrodynamic conditions in the membrane neighborhood, in particular on aqueous side, play a major role on transfer speeds. This result underlines the importance of design and operation conditions in membrane module about the transfer capacities. The combination of liquid/liquid membrane extraction and biological reaction with unstable substrate had been studied and lead to the implementation of a serial bi-membrane system. The developed prototype, equipped with a PTFE membrane (polytetrafluoroethylene) with 0.22 μm pores’ diameter, highlights a doubling of catalytic capacities (+ 100 % of isonovalal per gram of biomass) as well as biocatalyst life-time (160 hours against 80 hours) compared with the same bioconversion realized in conventional two-phase medium system
Muller, Julie. "Spéciation dans les phases organiques des systèmes d'extraction liquide-liquide contenant un malonamide et un acide dialkylphosphorique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833286.
Full textFrançois, Nathalie. "Vers une interprétation des mécanismes de la séparation actinides (III) / Lanthanides (III) par extraction liquide-liquide synergique impliquant des ligands polyazotés." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10186.
Full textARICHI, JAOUAD. "Extraction liquide-liquide de terres rares par des 4-acyl-5-hydroxy-pyrazoles et -isoxazoles equilibres et cinetique de transfert. Synergies." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR13007.
Full textSalhi, Chadli. "Extraction liquide-liquide des metaux alcalins par des oligomeres cycliques (calixarenes) et non cycliques de derives phenoliques en presence d'ethers-couronnes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR13088.
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