We are proudly a Ukrainian website. Our country was attacked by Russian Armed Forces on Feb. 24, 2022.
You can support the Ukrainian Army by following the link: https://u24.gov.ua/.
Even the smallest donation is hugely appreciated!
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Purification of contaminated water.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Ingle, Dr A. H. "Solar Based Water Purification System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 5 (May 31, 2024): 4470–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.62621.
Abstract: Solar-based water purification is an innovative and sustainable method leveraging solar energy to produce clean drinking water from contaminated sources. This approach integrates various technologies, primarily solar distillation, solar disinfection (SODIS), and solar-powered filtration systems
3
MAMMADLI RASHAD SHOHRAT OGLI, MAMMADLI RASHAD SHOHRAT OGLI. "OPTIMIZATION OF REMEDIATION OF WATER AND AIR MEDIUM CONTAMINATED WITH POLYCHLOROBIPHENYL." Prirodoobustrojstvo, no. 4 (2021): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/1997-6011-2021-4-106-109.
The article is devoted to measures for the purification of water and air medium from polychlorinated biphenyl wastes by the method of UV radiation and NiO2 nanoparticles, on PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyl) constituting groundwater in PCB waste disposal areas, the possibility of neutralizing PCBs in the atmosphere in industrialized areas. A method for the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyl contained in waste and industrial waters, as well as in atmospheric air, has been proposed. Air purification is carried out with ultraviolet and microwave radiation, and ultraviolet radiation and TiO2 nanoparticles are used for water purification. Based on the analysis performed,the problem of optimizing the purification of groundwater and atmospheric air contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls has been formulated and solved. An expression is proposed for the dependence of the cleaning time on the distance to the place of initial environmental pollution.
4
Ollis, David F. "Photocatalytic purification and remediation of contaminated air and water." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIC - Chemistry 3, no. 6 (November 2000): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1387-1609(00)01169-5.
Petrov, S., and PA Stoichev. "Reagent ultrafiltration purification of water contaminated with reactive dyes." Filtration & Separation 39, no. 8 (October 2002): 35–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-1882(02)80229-4.
Hott, Rodrigo C., Luiz F. O. Maia, Mayra S. Santos, Márcia C. Faria, Luiz C. A. Oliveira, Márcio C. Pereira, Cleide A. Bomfeti, and Jairo L. Rodrigues. "Purification of arsenic-contaminated water with K-jarosite filters." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25, no. 14 (March 6, 2018): 13857–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1344-4.
Matsumoto, Takahiro, Ichiro Tatsuno, and Tadao Hasegawa. "Instantaneous Water Purification by Deep Ultraviolet Light in Water Waveguide: Escherichia Coli Bacteria Disinfection." Water 11, no. 5 (May 9, 2019): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11050968.
The necessity of small water purification equipment has been increasing in recent years as a result of frequent natural disasters. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation treatment is an effective method for the disinfection of bacterial contaminants in water. As an emerging technology, disinfection by deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (DUV-LEDs) is promising. Few studies have used the point-source characteristics of LEDs and have instead replaced mercury vapor lamps with LEDs. Here, we demonstrate the instantaneous purification of contaminated water by combining the point source characteristics of DUV-LEDs with a water waveguide (WW). The principle is based on the WW region acting as an effective DUV disinfector, whereby a high UV dose in a confined WW region can be applied to bacterial contaminants in a short period of time (around one second). We demonstrate the effect of this DUV-LED WW disinfection technique by showing the results of 3-log disinfection levels of water contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria after a short treatment time. We believe that the combination of the point-source nature of DUV-LED emission, the water-waveguide effect, and a small photovoltaic cell paves the way toward environmentally friendly and emergency preparedness portable water purification equipment that instantaneously supplies clean water just before drinking.
8
Mullakaev, R. M., and M. S. Mullakaev. "Ultrasound in the Processes of Treatment of Oil-Contamined Waste: Overview." Ecology and Industry of Russia 25, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2021-3-53-59.
An overview of the main methods of cleaning oil-contaminated wastewater, intensified by ultrasonic action, is given. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods, as well as the advantages of methods when using ultrasound are noted. It is shown that ultrasound does not replace the existing methods of purification of oil-contaminated wastewater, but only selectively supplements them, which is primarily associated with synergistic effects arising in water purification processes.
9
Et. al., Wan Ainaa Mardhiah Wan Zahari,. "Water Treatment and Purification in Fiqh Perspective." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 594–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.913.
Water is the primary source needed to ensure human and other creature life continuity. There are a lot of water on this planet, but increasingly this water is not where it is needed or it is of inadequate quality (purity) for human consumption or other beneficial for example industrial, agricultural and so on purposes. Contaminated water supply causing harm to human body health and also contributes to extinction to the certain creature. Thus, water-saving or wise water usage is an important matter in Islam. Reuse of wastewater or sewage water is a solution to the water crisis problem faced nowadays. The contaminated water is purified and treated by certain processes. Water purification or treatment water is introduced to produce pure and clean water. However, discussions and debates among experts and societies continue to occur because the water is categorised as pure water but not purify (musta'mal) and impure water and not purify (mutanajjis). Therefore, this study aims to identify the concept and method of water purification and treatment (تطهير الماء) according to Fiqh perspective. Methodology of this study is qualitative approach by using document analysis by analysing several classic Fiqh books by four mazhab (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafie and Hanbali). Hence, this study can discover the water purification method suggested in Fiqh perspective to be applied by Muslim communities in Malaysia.
10
Matsumoto, Takahiro, Tsuyoshi Hoshiai, Ichiro Tatsuno, and Tadao Hasegawa. "Action Spectra of Bacteria and Purification of Pollutant Water at Faucets Using a Water Waveguide Method." Water 14, no. 9 (April 26, 2022): 1394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14091394.
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation treatment is an effective method for purifying pollutant water contaminated with bacteria and/or chemicals. As an emerging technology, purification by deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (DUV-LEDs) is promising. Few studies have used the point-source characteristics of LEDs and have instead replaced mercury vapor lamps with LEDs. Here, we show our recent progress in the instantaneous purification of contaminated water by combining the point-source characteristics of DUV-LEDs with a water waveguide (WW). Before the demonstration, we determined the efficacy of disinfection as a function of irradiation wavelength (action spectra) by constructing a wavelength tunable DUV light source. We found that, as a function of irradiation wavelength, there is a strong correlation between the dose-based inactivation rate constants and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) absorbance. Based on this correlation, the emission wavelength of 265 nm was determined as the most effective wavelength for disinfecting water contaminated with bacteria. Instantaneous 2-log disinfection levels of water contaminated with Escherichia coli O1 or Pseudomonas aeruginosa were demonstrated by using the DUV-LED WW method. We also discuss how far-UVC radiation shorter than 230 nm, which has recently been attracting attention and is known as a safe and effective disinfection wavelength for the human body, cannot give a higher-dose-based inactivation rate constant compared to that of 265 nm irradiation due to the larger absorption coefficient of water with a wavelength shorter than 230 nm.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Purification of contaminated water":
1
Wong, Kit Iong. "Chemical removal of dichloromethane (DCM) from contaminated water using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) :Hydrogen Peroxide Ozone UV." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3868740.
Grassi, Michelle Elenore. "Development of a diffusion based ethanol delivery system to promote reducing environments for the bioremediation of contaminated groundwater." University of Western Australia. School of Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0066.
[Truncated abstract] An ethanol delivery system, consisting of silicone (poly(dimethylsiloxane)) tubing coiled and shaped as mats, was characterised and evaluated for its potential to act as a permeable reactive barrier (PRB), to promote reducing conditions and enable the enhanced bioremediation of a variety of groundwater contaminants in situ. Aqueous ethanol solutions were recirculated through the inner volume of the silicone polymer tubing in the mat, to allow permeation and delivery of ethanol by diffusion through the tubing walls to a target contamination zone. The aim of the system was to provide control over subsurface geochemistry by overcoming carbon source limitations, and as a result stimulate indigenous bacteria to remove contaminants. The physical properties of the silicone tubing were initially characterised, which included the determination of the ethanol sorption and diffusion properties of the tubing. A model for the mass of ethanol transferred via diffusion from an aqueous solution on the inner volume of a length of polymer tubing was developed to enable prediction of the ethanol delivery capacity of the silicone polymer mats. A number of large-scale laboratory column studies were then conducted to validate this ethanol mass delivery model, and to evaluate the use of silicone polymer mats to deliver ethanol and promote the biodegradation of a range of different contaminated groundwaters. The laboratory column experiments were observed to produce ethanol mass flux delivery statistically similar to that predicted by the model; however this was only with the application of an effective diffusion coefficient within the model, which was determined from the model under subsurface-simulated conditions. Ethanol delivery using the silicone tubing polymer mat system was also quantified in a pilot field-scale demonstration. The mass of ethanol delivery in the field was shown to be within the range of model-predicted ethanol delivery; however delivery was not as consistent and predictable as that observed in the column studies. Successful ethanol enhanced nitrate contamination removal (via denitrification) was observed at a field scale. For field applications, this innovative polymer mat amendment delivery system may provide targeted, predictable and cost-effective amendment delivery compared to aqueous injection methods for groundwater bioremediation, however, knowledge and quantification of the hydrogeology of the particular field site is required. Two other ethanol-driven biologically-mediated contaminant removal processes were also investigated in the laboratory-scale soil column studies, and included the assessment of the removal of dissolved metals/sulfate via sulfate reduction and metalsulfide precipitation, and the removal of trichloroethene via reductive dechlorination.
3
Chu, Hiu-ping, and 諸曉平. "Trihalomethane formation in contaminated surface water and its controlby membrane bio-reactor." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29744052.
Ramsburg, Charles Andrew. "Development of surfactant-based immiscible displacement technologies for remediation of aquifers contaminated with dense non-aqueous phase liquids." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32818.
Vasylchenko, D. "The study and analysis of various water purification methods." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45938.
Water has always been an important and life-sustaining drink to humans and is essential for the survival of all known organisms. Though water is available in plenty, in the present day scenario availability of pure drinking water has become a rare commodity that is attributed to a number of known reasons.
6
McDonough, Kathleen M. "Phytoremediation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in contaminated wastewater-effects of soil and iron on remediation." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19001.
Ambjörnsson, Linn, Katti Ewald, Kling Erika Johansson, Anna Larsson, Selenius Marie, and Svedberg Elin. "Purification of arsenic contaminated water using ferrihydrite with consideration to current circumstances in Burkina Faso." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295133.
Ferrihydrite in a suspension has been studied as a solution for purification of arsenic contaminated water. Many development countries, amongst them Burkina Faso, have arsenic in their groundwater and the current methods for purification are too expensive. Measurements have shown extremely high levels of arsenic in the groundwater in several places in Burkina Faso. Since the availability of surface water is limited, the groundwater is still used as drinking water. A suspension of ferrihydrite has capacity to adsorb arsenic in water due to its chemical characteristics. Small-scale laboratory work with ferrihydrite suspensions has been performed in parallel in Uppsala, Sweden, and Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. To purify the water with regard to the economical and practical circumstances in Burkina Faso, a column with safety filter was made out of simple materials such as plastic bottles, plastic tubes and glass wool. The contaminated water was flowing upwards through the column to prevent the filter from clogging. In Uppsala it was discovered that a 1 L ferrihydrite suspension containing 10 g ferrihydrite can adsorb 0.7 g arsenic while it was shaken and centrifuged well. In Ouagadougou it was possible, in the setup, to clean 2 L arsenic contaminated water with the concentration of 100 µg/L. The conclusions from the experiments in this project are that ferrihydrite can adsorb arsenic in contaminated water but that the setup used needs to be further evaluated and developed
8
Ma, Wei. "Bioremediation of water contaminated with BTEX, TPH, and TCE." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1795652.
Sharma, Sachin. "Slurry test evaluation for in-situ remediation of TCE contaminated aquifer." Worcester, Mass. : Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2006. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-082306-124940/.
Okumu, Fredrick Oluoch. "Electrochemical analysis of selected polychlorinated biphenyls and contaminated water remediation using polyaniline coated sawdust." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2325.
Thesis (MTech (Chemistry))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are known harmful chemicals which require urgent
remediation, monitoring and assessment in the environment. The predominant current
methods used to analyze PCBs involve expertise and are cost intensive. Most of these
methods are chromatographic based techniques which are difficult to sustain in Africa due to
the expensive nature of the instrument, costly running expenses and skilled labour required.
These limitations face Africans, who are the most affected by the presence of PCBs in their
environment as a result of improper disposal and usage of these compounds.
Magner, Maryann T. Handbook of treatment technologies for contaminated groundwater. [Boston?]: Massachusetts Dept. of Environmental Quality Engineering, Division of Water Supply, 1985.
Guter, Gerald A. Nitrate removal from contaminated water supplies. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1987.
J, Buonicore Anthony, and ASTM Committee E-50 on Environmental Assessment., eds. Cleanup criteria for contaminated soil and water. Philadelphia: American Society for Testing and Materials, 1995.
Conference on Contaminated soils (19th 2003 University of Massachusetts, Amherst). Contaminated soils, sediments, and water, volume 9: Science in the real world. New York: Springer, 2005.
Geological Survey (U.S.), ed. Tracking contaminants in Santa Monica Bay, offshore of greater Los Angeles. [Reston, Va.?: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey], 2003.
Book chapters on the topic "Purification of contaminated water":
1
Ranjan Mishra, Soumya, Vishal Gadore, and Md Ahmaruzzaman. "Nanostructured Composite Materials for Treatment of Dye Contaminated Water." In Nanohybrid Materials for Water Purification, 97–120. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2332-6_5.
Donadze, M., and N. Makhaldiani. "Electrosynthesis of Nanomagnetite and Application for Purification Phenol Previously Contaminated Water." In Advanced Polymer Structures, 347–58. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003352181-29.
Yoo, Dong Kyu, Biswa Nath Bhadra, and Sung Hwa Jhung. "Adsorptive Purification of Water Contaminated with Hazardous Organics by Using Functionalized Metal-Organic Frameworks." In Metal-Organic Frameworks in Biomedical and Environmental Field, 269–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63380-6_8.
Zabulonov, Yuriy, Tetyana Melnychenko, Vadim Kadoshnikov, Valerii Khan, Oleksii Odintsov, and Igor Peer. "A Complex Method for Purification of Radioactively Contaminated Waters the Object «Ukryttya» of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 120–25. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55068-3_13.
Noorman, F., and P. I. M. Vis. "Successful Soil Purification Test By Ecotechniek." In Contaminated Soil ’95, 1013–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0421-0_27.
Brunekreef, S. H. "The Public Need of New Soil Purification Techniques." In Contaminated Soil ’90, 19–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3270-1_4.
Bonner, Philip L. R. "Water, pH and Buffers." In Protein Purification, 1–12. Second edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018. | Series: Basics: Taylor & Francis, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429458187-1.
Conference papers on the topic "Purification of contaminated water":
1
Matuszak, Zbigniew. "ESTIMATING THE RELIABILITY OF CONTAMINATED LIQUID PURIFICATION SYSTEMS ON VESSELS." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on WATER RESOURCES. FOREST, MARINE AND OCEAN ECOSYSTEMS. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b32/s15.077.
Sivaraman, P., T. Nithyanandhan, M. K. Prabhu, K. Umanath, S. N. Kishore, and G. Rahul Kumar. "Purification of contaminated water using solar tracking panels and polypropylene disk." In PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT TRENDS IN MECHANICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING: ICRTMME 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0025401.
Duff, William S., and David Hodgson. "Solar Water Purification by Pasteurization." In ASME 2003 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2003-44214.
A new passive solar water pasteurization system has been designed, built and tested. The system contains no valves and regulates flow based on the density difference between two columns of water. The new system eliminates boiling problems encountered in previous designs. Boiling is undesirable because it may contaminate treated water. The system has produced over 100 liters per day of treated water with a collector area of 0.45m2. Work is ongoing to develop a theoretical understanding of system behavior, to analytically model it and to further improve system performance.
4
Kadowaki, Haruhiko, Akira Matsushima, and Yoshiaki Nakajima. "Tritium Decontamination of Contaminated System With Tritiated Heavy Water by Drying Treatment." In 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60531.
Advanced thermal reactor “FUGEN” is a heavy water-moderated boiling light water-cooled pressure tube-type reactor. Because tritium had been generated in the heavy water during the reactor operation, the heavy water system and helium system were contaminated by tritium. The chemical form of the tritium was water molecule in FUGEN. For the drying treatment of heavy water contaminated by tritium, air-through drying and vacuum drying were applied to the system drying. The air-through drying has an advantage that can reduce the risk of tritium leakage, because the drying equipment can be constructed as closed-circuit. On the other hand, the vacuum drying can dry the whole system because dead end of piping can be aspirated. Helium system, heavy water purification system and rotary type dehumidifier were chosen for the object in this study. It was demonstrated that both methods were effective for drying treatment of heavy water in system. Helium system, low-contamination and non inclusion, could finish the vacuum drying rapidly. However, Heavy water purification system needed long period for drying treatment. The result showed that it needed long period to dry up if the objects include the adsorbent of water such as alumina pellet, resin and silica gel. But it can be accelerated by replacement absorbed heavy water to light water from the result of drying treatment of the rotary type dehumidifier.
5
Suraj, Devesh Kumar, Suraj Singh, Santosh Kumar Yadav, Ram Ji Tripathi, and Varun Kumar Singh. "Fabrication of Experimental Setup of Solar Distillation System Integrated with Parabolic Collector." In International Conference on Frontiers in Desalination, Energy, Environment and Material Sciences for Sustainable Development & Annual Congress of InDA. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.161.7.
An integrated solar distillation with a parabolic collector (SDSPC) has fabricated for drinking water and modified purification of distilled water. The system consists of a parabolic solar collector and double slope solar still at the focal point and condensing the generating evaporated water. Distillate water productivity of the SDSPC was measured along with different parameters TDS, pH and yield of distilled water, black absorber box wall temperature and contaminated water yield under the climate conditions MMMUT, Gorakhpur during January. The maximum productivity of yield distilled water 660 mL within seven hours a day was measured with absorber wall temperature 78.2°C. The overall yield of distilled water varied from 53 ml/hr to 60 ml/hr having a peak value of 135 ml/h. The quality of contaminated water samples has been examined at 2:00 PM, TDS and pH were 630 PPM and 6.14 respectively and the results are found with guidelines for drinking water quality.
6
Kyoichi, Okamoto, Toyama Takeshi, and Komoriya Tomoe. "Development on Most Suitable Removal Method of Radioactive Cesium Adsorbed on Ocean Sludge by Using Fine Bubble and Activating Microorganisms." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62581.
Fukushima nuclear accident of March 11, 2011, soil and water had been contaminated by radioactive cesium. Moreover, radioactive cesium was found in the ocean sludge in Tokyo Bay flowing from rivers. Cesium which is adsorbed to the sludge cannot be easily removed. One of the authors developed decomposition and purification system, a circulation-type system by fine bubbles, that is, by creating aerobic state, aerobic bacteria are activated resulting to decomposition and purification of ocean sludge. Based on the hypothesis that radioactive cesium is adsorbed on the surface of the sludge deposition. It is considered that cesium can be eluted after decomposing the deposited sludge. Once the cesium is eluted in the water, it can fix to a mineral such as zeolite. Eluting and fixing cesium adsorbed on sludge takes so much time. In this case, the concept of removing the left sludge by flocculation method and then followed by coagulating sedimentation method is studied. In this study, our objects are to show the effectivity and efficiency of using flocculation and coagulating sedimentation in removing radioactive cesium. As the results, we pointed out this method is very good.
7
Vallee, Glenn E. "Implementation of Multi-Year Product Innovation Projects." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-36443.
A methodology and case study detailing the implementation of multi-year product innovation projects is presented. A product called the Waterboy, an inexpensive water purification system designed for under developed countries, was developed by three different groups of students over a span of two years. The initial concept was first developed by a six member entrepreneurial team composed of senior level business and engineering students enrolled in a one semester Product Innovation and Development course. This team was responsible assessing the market need, determining product requirements and developing a limited functionality prototype capable of demonstrating the intended product function. A second team consisting of two Mechanical Engineering students continued the project as their one semester Senior Capstone Design project and was charged with the task of developing a fully functional prototype capable of purifying contaminated water. A third student completed the project as a one semester senior level Design Projects course and was charged with the task of modifying the previous design to minimize cost, facilitate ease manufacture and reduced assembly and distribution costs. In the Fall of 2010, the entrepreneurial team conducted interviews with health professionals and performed research involving a number of world health and philanthropic organizations. They identified the need for an improved water purification device which could purify enough water for a family of four in a reasonable amount of time and at a cost which would make it accessible to people in underdeveloped countries who are at risk of dying from the consumption of contaminated drinking water. They developed a bicycle driven system which used an ultraviolet germicidal bulb to purify water. The team developed a prototype which demonstrated the basic function of the device which was estimated to cost about $80. The project was continued in the Fall of 2011 by the second team of Mechanical Engineering seniors who refined the purification system and function of the device while simplifying the design, resulting in an estimated cost of $49 per unit. The team built and tested a fully functional prototype which confirmed it was capable of reducing water borne bacteria by a factor of 1000. The project was then completed in the Fall of 2012 by a Senior Mechanical Engineering Student who further reduced the cost of the design and improved its portability in order to reduce distribution costs. A partnership with Goodwill Industries was formed to utilize their recycled materials and inexpensive labor force, which reduced the product cost about $24.
8
Eda, Takeshi, Achyut Sapkota, Jun Haruta, Masayuki Nishio, and Masahiro Takei. "Investigation of Transition Boundary and Nature of Pulsating Flow in the Trickle Bed Reactors by Electrical Resistance Tomography." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16149.
A fixed bed reactor that operates in gas-liquid co-current down flow is called Trickle Bed Reactor (TBR). It is widely used in chemical engineering. And, recently used in purification of radioactive contamination from contaminated water generated in the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. There are several flow conditions that occur in the TBR due to gas and liquid flow rate. Since mass and heat transfer rate and particles wetting depend on flow condition, it is necessary to establish the visualization techniques to understand flow condition, transition boundary and properties of gas liquid flow in TBR. In this study, authors employed the lab-scale TBR, made of 100mm inner diameter acrylic column, packed with particles of two sizes (3, 5 mm) that are used in the actual reactor. Water and air were injected from the top of the column and cross-sectional liquid distribution was captured at the bottom of the column by electrical resistance tomography (ERT). ERT is a tomographic technique that provides the cross-sectional conductivity distribution at the rate of about 50 frames per second by injecting current and measuring voltages between the 16 electrodes that are attached around the column. By analyzing the spatial and temporal characteristics of the liquid distribution obtained by ERT, it was found that particle size has only little impact on induction of pulsating flow and larger particle causes distinct pulses. Smaller particle causes blurred tiny pulses due to higher flow resistance. Larger particle (5 mm) is advantageous for pulsating flow.
9
Nabok, A. V., M. K. Mustafa, V. Erokhin, S. Erokhina, and A. Szekacs. "Purification of substances contaminated with mycotoxins using functionalyzed microparticles." In 2011 4th IEEE International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interfaces (IWASI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwasi.2011.6004696.
Giammarchi, M., M. Balata, A. Goretti, A. Ianni, L. Ioannucci, L. Miramonti, and S. Nisi. "Water purification in Borexino." In LOW RADIOACTIVITY TECHNIQUES 2013 (LRT 2013): Proceedings of the IV International Workshop in Low Radioactivity Techniques. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4818110.
Reports on the topic "Purification of contaminated water":
1
Han, Jongyoon. Scalable, Self-powered purification technology for brackish and heavy-metal contaminated water. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1176937.
Mann, Michael, Srivats Srinivasachar, Nicholas Dyrstad-Cincotta, and Teagan Nelson. Supercritical Treatment Technology for Water Purification. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1788083.
Powers, Edmund M., Scott Nielsen, Joshua Magnone, and Thomas Crocker. Bactericidal Efficacy of a Personal Water Purification Straw. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada381598.
Currie, Janet, Joshua S. Graff Zivin, Katherine Meckel, Matthew Neidell, and Wolfram Schlenker. Something in the Water: Contaminated Drinking Water and Infant Health. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18876.
Lundquist, Arthur, Steven Clarke, and William Bettin. Filtration in the Use of Individual Water Purification Devices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada453953.
Xu, Hongwu, Sameer Varma, May Devan Nyman, Todd Michael Alam, Konrad Thuermer, Gregory P. Holland, Kevin Leung, et al. Exploiting interfacial water properties for desalination and purification applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/942190.
Snyder, Jr, Gschwender Carl E., Gunderson Lois J., Fultz Stephen L., and George W. Purification of Contaminated MIL-PRF-83282 Hydraulic Fluid Using the Pall Purifier and Multiple Process Configurations (Preprint). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada467114.
Locke, J. G. Treatment and recycle of high explosive contaminated water. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/81010.
Miller, James Edward, and Lindsey R. Evans. Forward osmosis :a new approach to water purification and desalination. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/893156.
