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Journal articles on the topic 'Pure electron plasma'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

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1

Kargarian, A., K. Hajisharifi, and H. Mehdian. "Laser-driven electron acceleration in hydrogen pair-ion plasma containing electron impurities." Laser and Particle Beams 36, no. 2 (June 2018): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034618000174.

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AbstractIn this paper, the intense laser heating of hydrogen pair-ion plasma with and without electron impurities through investigation of related nonlinear phenomena has been studied in detail, using a developed relativistic particle-in-cell simulation code. It is shown that the presence of electron impurities has an essential role in the behavior of nonlinear phenomena contributing to the laser absorption including phase mixing, wave breaking, and stimulated scatterings. The inclusion of electron into an initial pure hydrogen plasma not only causes the occurrence of stimulated scattering considerably but also leads to the faster phase-mixing and wave breaking of the excited electrostatic modes in the system. These nonlinear phenomena increase the laser absorption rate in several orders of magnitude via inclusion of the electrons into a pure hydrogen pair-ion plasma. Moreover, results show that the electrons involved in enough low-density hydrogen pair-ion plasma can be accelerated to the MeV energy range.

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2

ABE, Sumiyoshi. "Tsallis' Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics and Pure-Electron Plasma." Journal of Plasma and Fusion Research 78, no. 1 (2002): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1585/jspf.78.36.

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3

Gould, Roy W., and Michael A. LaPointe. "Cyclotron resonance in a pure electron plasma column." Physical Review Letters 67, no. 26 (December 23, 1991): 3685–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.67.3685.

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4

Gould, Roy W., and Michael A. LaPointe. "Cyclotron resonance phenomena in a pure electron plasma." Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics 4, no. 7 (March 1992): 2038–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.860012.

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5

Eggleston, D. L., C. F. Driscoll, B. R. Beck, A. W. Hyatt, and J. H. Malmberg. "Parallel energy analyzer for pure electron plasma devices." Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics 4, no. 10 (October 1992): 3432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.860399.

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6

Kai, Zhao, Liu Wan-dong, Zhang Shou-biao, Wei Xiao, Xu Liang, Xie Jin-lin, and Yu Zhi. "Set-up of a Pure Electron Plasma Device." Plasma Science and Technology 4, no. 6 (December 2002): 1541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1009-0630/4/6/006.

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7

Yu, J. H., and C. F. Driscoll. "Diocotron wave echoes in a pure electron plasma." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 30, no. 1 (February 2002): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2002.1003905.

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8

Crooks, S. M., and T. M. O’Neil. "Transport in a toroidally confined pure electron plasma." Physics of Plasmas 3, no. 7 (July 1996): 2533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871971.

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9

Moody, J. D., and J. H. Malmberg. "Free expansion of a pure electron plasma column." Physical Review Letters 69, no. 25 (December 21, 1992): 3639–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.69.3639.

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10

Anderson, M. W., and T. M. O’Neil. "Collisional damping of plasma waves on a pure electron plasma column." Physics of Plasmas 14, no. 11 (November 2007): 112110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2807220.

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11

Krysina, Olga, Elizaveta Petrikova, Vladimir Shugurov, Pavel Moskvin, and Yurii Ivanov. "Aluminum surface modification by electron-ion-plasma methods." MATEC Web of Conferences 143 (2018): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814303007.

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The paper focuses on detection and structural-phase justification of the modes of combined electron-ion plasma treatment of commercially pure A7 grade aluminum carried out in a single vacuum cycle and enabling to enhance mechanical (microhardness) and tribological (wear resistance) properties of the material. Commercially pure A7 grade aluminum underwent combined surface treatment, including deposition of titanium coating by means of vacuum-arc technique and further mixing of the coating/substrate system by intense pulsed electron beam. The varied parameters were energy density of the electron beam (10, 15, 20) J/cm2 and the number of impact pulses (3-100); the thickness of titanium coating was 0.5 μm. Electron-ion plasma treatment of aluminum was carried out in a single vacuum cycle. Optical and scanning electron microscope investigations, measuring of microhardness and tribological tests allowed defining the modes when hardness and wear resistance of the modified surface layer increases manifold in comparison to the initial properties of commercially pure aluminum.

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12

Bliokh, Y., Ya E. Krasik, J. G. Leopold, and E. Schamiloglu. "Observation of the diocotron instability in a diode with split cathode." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 12 (December 2022): 123901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0103120.

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Diocotron instability has been observed in the pure electron plasma formed in a split cathode coaxial diode. This plasma consists of electrons, trapped in the longitudinal potential well between the two parts of the cathode. The mathematical model of the electron squeezed state, which allows the calculation of the equilibrium plasma density, is presented. The model is applied in a comprehensive analysis of experimental data, and the presence of the diocotron instability is unambiguously confirmed.

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13

SAITOH, Haruhiko, Zensho YOSHIDA, Junji MORIKAWA, Sho WATANABE, Yoshihisa YANO, and Junko SUZUKI. "Long-Lived Pure Electron Plasma in Ring Trap-1." Plasma and Fusion Research 2 (2007): 045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1585/pfr.2.045.

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14

O’Neil, T. M., and P. G. Hjorth. "Collisional dynamics of a strongly magnetized pure electron plasma." Physics of Fluids 28, no. 11 (1985): 3241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865322.

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15

Glinsky, Michael E., Thomas M. O’Neil, Marshall N. Rosenbluth, Kenji Tsuruta, and Setsuo Ichimaru. "Collisional equipartition rate for a magnetized pure electron plasma." Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics 4, no. 5 (May 1992): 1156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.860124.

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16

Corngold, Noel R. "Virial equation for the two‐dimensional pure electron plasma." Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics 5, no. 11 (November 1993): 3847–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.860607.

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17

Dubin, Daniel H. E., and Thomas M. O’Neil. "Adiabatic expansion of a strongly correlated pure electron plasma." Physical Review Letters 56, no. 7 (February 17, 1986): 728–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.56.728.

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18

MacDonald, A. H., and Garnett W. Bryant. "Strong-magnetic-field states of the pure electron plasma." Physical Review Letters 58, no. 5 (February 2, 1987): 515–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.58.515.

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19

Corngold, Noel R. "The nonlinear diocotron mode in a pure electron plasma." Physics of Plasmas 3, no. 9 (September 1996): 3324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871601.

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20

Driscoll, C. F., K. S. Fine, and J. H. Malmberg. "Reduction of radial losses in a pure electron plasma." Physics of Fluids 29, no. 6 (1986): 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865580.

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21

Dubin, Daniel H. E., and T. M. O’Neil. "Thermal equilibrium of a cryogenic magnetized pure electron plasma." Physics of Fluids 29, no. 1 (1986): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865987.

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22

Yu, J. H., C. F. Driscoll, and T. M. O’Neil. "Phase mixing and echoes in a pure electron plasma." Physics of Plasmas 12, no. 5 (May 2005): 055701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1885006.

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23

Shiga, N., F. Anderegg, D. H. E. Dubin, C. F. Driscoll, and R. W. Gould. "Thermally excited fluctuations as a pure electron plasma temperature diagnostic." Physics of Plasmas 13, no. 2 (February 2006): 022109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2172928.

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24

Moody, J. D., and C. F. Driscoll. "Rarefaction waves, solitons, and holes in a pure electron plasma." Physics of Plasmas 2, no. 12 (December 1995): 4482–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871006.

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25

Dubin, D. H. E., and T. M. O’Neil. "Two-dimensional guiding-center transport of a pure electron plasma." Physical Review Letters 60, no. 13 (March 28, 1988): 1286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.60.1286.

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26

Romé, M., M. Brunetti, F. Califano, F. Pegoraro, and R. Pozzoli. "Motion of extended vortices in an inhomogeneous pure electron plasma." Physics of Plasmas 7, no. 7 (July 2000): 2856–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.874135.

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27

Vlasov, Viktor A., Yurii F. Ivanov, Gennady Volokitin, Anton D. Teresov, and Anatolii A. Klopotov. "Structure and Property Coating Modification by High Energy Density." Advanced Materials Research 1013 (October 2014): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1013.153.

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The paper reviews the results of investigations of the surface layer structure and properties of type 35-L steel and commercially pure titanium modified by plasma flows (arc plasma torch with the powder blown into an arc), electro-explosive alloying of titanium specimens, and high energy electron-beam treatment performed on the vacuum electron-beam plant SOLO. It is shown that the surface treatments under review have lead to a multilayer and multi-phase structure formed by crystalline particles of sub-microsized and nanosized range, mechanical (microhardness) and tribological (wear resistance) properties of which exceed manifold that of the substrate material.

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28

Bettega, G., B. Paroli, R. Pozzoli, M. Romé, and C. Svelto. "Low-noise techniques for electrostatic diagnostics on a pure electron plasma." Measurement Science and Technology 19, no. 8 (July 10, 2008): 085703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/19/8/085703.

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29

Crawford, John David, and T. M. O’Neil. "Nonlinear collective processes and the confinement of a pure-electron plasma." Physics of Fluids 30, no. 7 (1987): 2076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866143.

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30

Bettega, G., and H. E. Roman. "Wavelet analysis of two-dimensional turbulence in a pure electron plasma." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 85, no. 3 (February 2009): 35001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/85/35001.

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31

Anteneodo, Celia, and Constantino Tsallis. "Two-dimensional turbulence in pure-electron plasma: A nonextensive thermostatistical description." Journal of Molecular Liquids 71, no. 2-3 (April 1997): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-7322(97)00016-0.

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32

Khamaru, S., M. Sengupta, and R. Ganesh. "Dynamics of a toroidal pure electron plasma using 3D PIC simulations." Physics of Plasmas 26, no. 11 (November 2019): 112106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5111747.

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33

Bajpai, M., L. T. Lachhvani, and Y. C. Saxena. "Paul trap for pure positron plasma �� A prelude to electron��positron plasma in a laboratory." physica status solidi (c) 6, no. 11 (November 2009): 2456–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssc.200982052.

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34

Muñoz, V. "A nonextensive statistics approach for Langmuir waves in relativistic plasmas." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 13, no. 2 (June 29, 2006): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-13-237-2006.

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Abstract. The nonextensive statistics formalism proposed by Tsallis has found many applications in systems with memory effects, long range spatial correlations, and in general whenever the phase space has fractal or multi-fractal structure. These features may appear naturally in turbulent or non-neutral plasmas. In fact, the equilibrium distribution functions which maximize the nonextensive entropy strongly resemble the non-Maxwellian particle distribution functions observed in space and laboratory and turbulent pure electron plasmas. In this article we apply the Tsallis entropy formalism to the problem of longitudinal oscillations in a proton-electron plasma. In particular, we study the equilibrium distribution function and the dispersion relation of longitudinal oscillations in a relativistic plasma, finding interesting differences with the nonrelativistic treatment.

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35

Darmawan, Agung Setyo, Pramuko Ilmu Purboputro, Bibit Sugito, Bambang Waluyo Febriantoko, Agus Yulianto, Suprapto Suprapto, Tjipto Sujitno, and Judha Purbolaksono. "INCREASING HARDNESS AND CORROSION RESISTANCE OF COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM BY USING PLASMA NITROCARBURIZING PROCESS." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 28, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ams.28.1.1266.

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Titanium tends to form nitrides and carbides. The plasma nitrocarburizing technique can generate these nitride and carbide compounds on the material's surface. The objective of this research is to use a plasma nitrocarburizing process to increase the hardness and corrosion resistance of commercially pure titanium. The generation of a thin layer with an average thickness of 1.88 μm was discovered using a Scanning Electron Microscope. The X-Ray Diffraction technique identifies this thin layer made of TiN and TiC compounds. The untreated commercially pure titanium hardness was 105.75 VHN, and the plasma nitrocarburized commercially pure titanium hardness was 312.68 VHN, according to the Vickers micro tester. After plasma nitrocarburizing, the corrosion rate of untreated commercially pure titanium decreased from 0.0061 mmpy to 0.00077 mmpy. The plasma nitrocarburizing process resulted in a 196 percent increase in hardness and an 87 percent reduction in corrosion rate.

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36

Chen, Shi‐Jie, and Daniel H. E. Dubin. "Equilibration rate of spin temperature in a strongly magnetized pure electron plasma." Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics 5, no. 3 (March 1993): 691–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.860514.

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37

Hyatt, A. W., C. F. Driscoll, and J. H. Malmberg. "Measurement of the Anisotropic Temperature Relaxation Rate in a Pure Electron Plasma." Physical Review Letters 59, no. 26 (December 28, 1987): 2975–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.59.2975.

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38

Pedersen, Thomas Sunn. "Numerical investigation of two-dimensional pure electron plasma equilibria on magnetic surfaces." Physics of Plasmas 10, no. 2 (February 2003): 334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1535208.

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39

Bettega, G., F. Cavaliere, B. Paroli, M. Cavenago, R. Pozzoli, and M. Romé. "Excitation of the l=2 azimuthal mode in a pure electron plasma." Physics of Plasmas 14, no. 10 (October 2007): 102103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2789985.

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40

Baek, Yang-Gyu, Takashi Ikuno, Jeong-Tak Ryu, Shin-ichi Honda, Mitsuhiro Katayama, Kenjiro Oura, and Takashi Hirao. "Field electron emission from amorphous carbon films grown in pure methane plasma." Applied Surface Science 185, no. 3-4 (January 2002): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-4332(01)00786-3.

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41

Peurrung, A. J., and J. Fajans. "Experimental dynamics of an annulus of vorticity in a pure electron plasma." Physics of Fluids A: Fluid Dynamics 5, no. 2 (February 1993): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.858872.

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42

Anderegg, F., N. Shiga, D. H. E. Dubin, C. F. Driscoll, and R. W. Gould. "Thermally excited Trivelpiece–Gould modes as a pure electron plasma temperature diagnostic." Physics of Plasmas 10, no. 5 (May 2003): 1556–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1559973.

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43

Kushwaha, Amanendra K., Manoranjan Misra, and Pradeep L. Menezes. "Manufacturing Bulk Nanocrystalline Al-3Mg Components Using Cryomilling and Spark Plasma Sintering." Nanomaterials 12, no. 20 (October 15, 2022): 3618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12203618.

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In the current study, pure aluminum (Al) powders were cryomilled with and without 3 wt.% pure magnesium (Mg) dopant for varying durations followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS) of powders to prepare bulk components with superior mechanical properties. The crystallite sizes were determined for powders and the bulk components by analyzing the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum. The calculations indicated a reduction in crystallite size with the increase in the cryomilling duration. The results also showed a more significant decrease in the crystallite sizes for Al-3Mg samples than that of pure Al. The changes in the surface morphology of powders were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The elemental mapping analysis at nanoscale was carried out using Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) in Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The mechanical properties of the bulk components were assessed using a Vickers Microhardness tester. The test results demonstrated an improvement in the hardness of Mg-doped components. Higher hardness values were also reported with an increase in the cryomilling duration. This article discusses the mechanisms for the reduction in crystallite size for pure Al and Al-3Mg and its subsequent impact on improving mechanical properties.

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44

Szulc, Michał, Günter Forster, Jose-Luis Marques-Lopez, and Jochen Schein. "Influence of Pulse Amplitude and Frequency on Plasma Properties of a Pulsed Low-Current High-Voltage Discharge Operated at Atmospheric Pressure." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (June 29, 2022): 6580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136580.

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Non-equilibrium conditions in plasma are often achieved by pulsed power delivery, where the pulse shape and repetition rate determine the properties of the plasma constituents and thus its chemical reactivity. The evaluation of the latter is becoming increasingly important to understand the observed effects, especially when new application fields are targeted. The composition of the plasma and the occurring chemical reactions can be calculated using various models. Thereby, the temperature of the electrons, the electron number density, as well as the heavy particle temperature are usually required as the basis of such calculations. In this work, the influence of pulse amplitude and repetition rate on these plasma parameters is determined by laser scattering for a low-current, high-voltage discharge operated with nitrogen at atmospheric pressure. In particular, the characteristic parameters regarding the plasma free electrons in such discharges have not yet been experimentally determined to this extent. The results are validated by spectroscopic measurements, i.e., the electron density is estimated from the Stark broadening of the hydrogen beta line and the heavy particle temperature is estimated by fitting the spectrum of nitrogen molecular transitions. Depending on the operating frequency, a pure nitrogen discharge with an input power of about 650 W displays an electron density between 1.7×1021m−3 and 2.0×1021m−3 with electron temperatures in the range of 40,000 K and heavy particle temperatures of about 6000 K in the core of the discharge channel. Furthermore, a relatively slow electron recombination rate in the range of 20 µs is observed.

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45

Nikolaev, A. G., E. M. Oks, A. V. Tyunkov, V. P. Frolova, A. V. Vizir, Y. G. Yushkov, and G. Y. Yushkov. "Magnetron sputtering and electron beam evaporation systems for pure boron thin film coatings." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2291, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2291/1/012026.

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Abstract Deposition of boron-containing coatings is determined by their promising use for surface modification goals. In this work, we consider the equipment for the implementation of two plasma methods for the deposition of thin films of pure boron on the surface. These are a magnetron sputtering with a crystalline boron target heated in the discharge, and a system of an evaporation of pure boron target by an electron beam generated using forevacuum plasma source. The features of functioning, and operating parameters of these devices are presented. The deposition rate of boron coatings on the samples was about 20 nm/min for magnetron sputtering. The boron film deposition rate was significantly higher and reached 1 µm / min.

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46

Cai, Mingxiang, Akbar Montaser, and Javad Mostaghimi. "Two-Temperature Model for the Simulation of Atmospheric-Pressure Helium ICPs." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 10 (October 1995): 1390–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953965515.

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A two-temperature model (2-T model) was used to predict fundamental properties of pure helium inductively coupled plasmas (He ICPs). Plasma characteristics with the use of the 2-T model were compared to those obtained by the local thermodynamic equilibrum (LTE) model for the He ICP, to those of an Ar ICP, and to the existing experimental data. The distributions of electron and heavy-particle temperatures, electron number density, and electric and magnetic fields were obtained as a function of the internal diameters of the torch, the gas flow rates, the gap between the plasma tube and the MACOR insert, the generator frequency, and the active power. Overall, the He ICP was predicted to have a much higher electron temperature (> 12,000 K) in the load coil region, but its axial heavy-particle and electron temperatures (∼2000 K) at the analytical zone were lower than those of the Ar ICP (4000–6000 K). The high-temperature region in the He ICP was constricted to a smaller region close to the wall of the plasma confinement tube as compared to that in the Ar ICP. Most of the input power in the He ICP was lost through the plasma quartz tube. The magnetic and electric fields inside the induction coil in the helium plasma were approximately one order of magnitude higher than those in the argon plasma.

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47

Swart, Laura, Patrick Verdonck, and Stanislav A. Moshkalev. "Study of Power Balance in Electronegative Capacitively Coupled Plasmas." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 1, no. 2 (November 17, 2004): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v1i2.257.

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The balance of power model is a relatively simple model, which determines the power dissipated both in the plasma bulk and in the plasma sheath, as well as the ion flux and the average energy lost by an electron in the plasma bulk. It requires only the measurement of the total power and the self bias voltage. The original model does not take into account the effect of the plasma potential on the energy of incoming ions, because for most plasmas, the plasma potential is negligible compared with the self bias voltage. In this work, the plasma potential was taken into account. For pure SF6 plasmas, the modification had a significant effect on the ion flux, which increased by more than a factor 2, when compared with the original model. Besides, there are strong indications that the silicon etching with SF6 was mostly determined by the plasma bulk power, but the contribution from ion bombardment was considerable, too. For less electronegative plasmas, the influence of the plasma potential may be neglected.

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48

Ashraf, Muhammad, Nek Muhammad Shaikh, Tasneem Zehra, Ghulam Abbas Kandhro, and Ghulam Murtaza. "Spectroscopic Characterization of Laser Ablated Germanium Plasma." Pakistan Journal of Analytical & Environmental Chemistry 22, no. 2 (2021): 396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.21743/pjaec/2021.12.18.

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In the present study, the germanium (Ge) sample has been studied by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy which leads to the formation of plasma plume in the air. This research work comprises on pure Ge sample, and it has been studied using laser irradiance 1.831011 watt.cm-2 and Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser pulse (λ ~ 1064 nm wavelength and  ~ 5 ns pulse width). The spatially resolved plasma plume parameters are investigated, such as variation of electron temperature Te and electron number density ne as a function of detector position. These parameters show variation in the plasma plume and yield electron temperature Te from 12340 to 7640 ± 1200 K. Whereas electron number density ne varies from 3.61017 to 1.601017 cm-3 with the change in detector position is moving away from plasma plume from 0 to 3 mm. The results show that electron temperature Te and electron number density ne are estimated from the Boltzmann plot method and by using Lorentzian function at spectral line using FWHM full width at half maximum at 265.11 nm (4p5s 3 p2 → 4p 2 3 p2) wavelength of Ge (I) line, respectively.

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49

Beck, B. R., J. Fajans, and J. H. Malmberg. "Measurement of collisional anisotropic temperature relaxation in a strongly magnetized pure electron plasma." Physical Review Letters 68, no. 3 (January 20, 1992): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.68.317.

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50

Kiwamoto, Y., J. Aoki, Y. Soga, and A. Sanpei. "Controlled experiments on self-organization of ordered structures in a pure electron plasma." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 47, no. 5A (April 12, 2005): A41—A51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/47/5a/004.

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