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1
Journal, Baghdad Science. "Design and Construction Optical Pumping System." Baghdad Science Journal 10, no. 2 (June 2, 2013): 462–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.10.2.462-471.
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In this work the design and construction of optical pumping system was presented. The parameters of the pumping source to obtain discharge current density sufficient to shift the flash lamp spectrum towards uv portion of spectrum were measured.The current density was supplied to the flash lamp must be greater than 4000Amp./cm2 to obtain the spectral range wavelength lies between 0.2 and 0.35?m. The current density was obtained by a capacitor 50?F, at 7KV discharge voltage. The applied electrical energy to the flash lamp was more than 1200 J, and the current density was around 5000 Amp./cm2.The electrical parameters of the flash lamp were calculated. The impedance parameters(K0) from the voltage and the peak current pulse was measured in range equal to 57, while the damping factor(?) was 1.3. The energy of the flash lamp was around 75% from the input electrical energy. The external trigger circuit was limited the increase the applied voltage, which is responsible for the damping factor.
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Design and construction Optically Gas Laser." Baghdad Science Journal 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 1223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.10.4.1223-1231.
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In this work the design and construction of a flash photolysis pulsed HCl laser was presented. The parameters of the pumping source and discharge current density was obtained, which sufficient to shift the flash lamp spectrum towards uv portion of spectrum. The maximum pulse laser energy parameters was measured. Total pressure and ratio of active gases to optimized the output pulse energy were measured , where at 125 mbar of total pressure and 1:7:14 Cl2:H2: He ratio, the laser energy was measured to be 200 mJ at pumping four flash lamps energy in the order of 6400J .The resonator consists of copper a near hemispherical mirror with the radius of curvature 3m coated by gold and reflectivity 98%,the output coupler sapphire mirror of 63% reflectivity . Total efficiency of the system was measured to be 0.0125% .
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BENNETT, M. B., I. G. HARMOND, R. A. LEGG, and J. LEWIN. "Design and Construction of the Isle of Dogs Pumping Station." Water and Environment Journal 2, no. 3 (June 1988): 319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1988.tb01296.x.
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Ba, Ling Zhen, Yi Bo Yang, Song Liang, Hai Hong Mo, Hong Cao, Ting Jin Liu, and Jun Sheng Chen. "Progress in Study of Concrete Pumping Construction Techniques in Super High-Rise Building." Key Engineering Materials 405-406 (January 2009): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.405-406.110.
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To super high-rise building, concrete pumping construction is an inevitable choice. This paper introduces the application status and development trend of concrete pumping construction in the super high-rise projects at home and abroad, introduces high-rise pumping concrete from the selection of raw material, mix design, performance evaluation and so on, sums up technical specification of concrete pump and pumping concrete pipe-laying method, in order to provide reference for the high-rise concrete pumping construction in Guangzhou West Tower.
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Xu, Li Bin, Nai Qian Feng, and Ch'ng Guan Bee. "Research on Ultrahigh Pumpability of C80 HS & HP Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 980–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.980.
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The concrete technology has seen great improvement with the construction of large numbers of ultrahigh buildings at a height of more than 400 meters worldwide. It has been a research hotspot in the field of concrete recently to discuss how to reduce pumping resistance, avoid pumping block and meet the requirements of ultrahigh pumping (h>400m), especially the challenge of the ultrahigh pumping of HS & HP concrete with larger pumping resistance. This paper researches the selection of raw materials and design of mix proportion of C80 concrete used in the construction, and introduces the workable evaluation index, pumpability and pumping project in relation to the ultrahigh pumping of C80 concrete mixture, according to the construction requirements of the one-off pumping height (412 meters) for the C80 HS & HP concrete used in West Tower Project of Zhujiang (Pearl River) New Town in Guangzhou-- the tallest building in South China Region of mainland China.
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Sargent, D. W., R. D. Beckie, and G. Smith. "Design and performance of deep well dewatering: a case study." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 35, no. 1 (February 1, 1998): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t97-077.
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This paper reviews the process used to design the construction dewatering system at the Influent Pumping Station at Annacis Island Wastewater Treatment Plant. The design process followed the "observational method," as applied to soil mechanics by K. Terzaghi and set out by R.B. Peck in the Ninth Rankine Lecture. The design was based on a working hypothesis of behaviour anticipated under the most probable conditions identified in the data gathering and assessment program. The sensitivity of the design was evaluated by considering potentially unfavourable conditions evident in the available data. The design development included a review of monitoring feedback obtained during the pumping-well installation, a pumping test, and the dewatering system start-up. The monitoring program and review process are presented.Key words: dewatering, observational method, case study, pumping test.
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Rauf Huseynli, Rauf Huseynli. "PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPRESSOR STATION." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 06, no. 02 (April 9, 2021): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei0602202153.
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All work on the construction of pumping and compressor stations is usually divided into two groups of zero cycle work and ground cycle work. The work of the zero cycle includes the preparation of the construction site, earthworks, work on the construction of foundations for buildings, pumping units and technological equipment, work on the construction of underground pipelines and utilities. The work of the ground cycle includes work on the construction of buildings for pumping and compressor shops and auxiliary buildings, installation work on installation and fixing on the foundations in the design position of pumping units. Compressor stations (CS) have been installed along the pipeline route to maintain a certain flow rate of the transported gas and to ensure optimal pressure in the pipeline. A modern compressor station is a complex engineering structure that provides the basic technological processes for the preparation and transportation of natural gas. Keywords: compressor stations, gas pipeline, building structure, Booster compressor stations.
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Liu, Qing. "Study on the Oil Pipeline Design of R Oil Field." Frontiers Research of Architecture and Engineering 3, no. 3 (December 14, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/frae.v3i3.2453.
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It’s a compressive article consists of three parts, an overview of pipeline development in China, oil pipeline design for R oilfield and pipeline management suggestions. First, this article introduces the current status of pipeline construction, oil pipeline technology and gas pipeline technology in China in recent years. The current status of China’s pipeline construction is divided into three stages. In terms of construction, pipeline construction is developing in the direction of intelligence and modernization. Long-distance oil pipelines require technical breakthroughs in two aspects. One is the sequential oil product delivery technology to improve the type of oil that can be delivered sequentially; the second is the viscosity reduction delivery technology for heavy oil. Gas transmission pipelines are developing in the direction of high pressure, large diameter and high steel grade. Secondly, based on all the pipeline development above, in order to meet the development of R oil field, an oil-water two-phase pipeline transportation design and a pipeline crossing river design were carried out. Under the condition of the design pressure of the pipeline of 5.5MPa, it is preferable to produce a pipeline of φ219×6.5mm, and the steel grade of the pipeline is L360. A heating station and pumping station are needed in the transportation process, and the heating station and pumping station are combined for one construction. Considering that the strata of the river crossing section are mainly gravel sand layer, clay layer and non-lithological stratum, horizontal directional drilling (HDD) is adopted for river crossing, and suggestions are made for the construction process. Finally, after the pipeline was put into production, the corresponding auxiliary production system and supporting engineering suggestions were put forward.
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Xiao, Ye, and Xiao Tang Ding. "Analysis and Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Bulb Tubular Pumping Station Structure." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 1917–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.1917.
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This paper was combined with the third Huaian pumping station to study the dynamic characteristics of the bulb tubular pumping station. By using dynamic finite element analysis method to create Huaian pumping station modes. Then using ANSYS Model Analysis and harmonic response analysis, the vibration modes and dynamic response were researched deeply. According to the mode analysis results, the fundamental frequencies of upper pump house were determined for 1.36Hz and the fundamental frequencies of substructure were determined for 20.11Hz. The dynamic response of the bulb tubular pumping station structure under fluctuating pressures is calculated by ANSYS harmonic response analysis, and the results show that dynamic displacement satisfied the maximum allowable of architectural construction permission，so it can satisfy design requirement, which provides references value for other tubular pumping station in anti-vibration design.
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Korobko, Bogdan, Serhii Zhyhylii, and Anton Kivshyk. "Mathematical simulation of the motion law of differential mortar pump piston intended for construction mix." ACADEMIC JOURNAL Series: Industrial Machine Building, Civil Engineering 1, no. 52 (July 5, 2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/znp.2019.52.1665.
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The paper is dedicated to the creation of a differential mortar pump with electromagnetic action for pumping finishingmaterial, which is not sensitive to electric energy gaps, and which is at the same time convenient, easy to use, reliable andeconomical in operation. The paper presents the mathematical model of the working process dynamics of a differentialmortar pump with electromagnetic action, which will allow to study common patterns of pumping processes in the pump inthe whole, to solve general problems on their calculation and design, to set and solve problems of reliability control,connected with high-frequency pressure oscillations, the problems of structural optimization and optimal design of all itselements. The control system of a pumping unit with vector controlled asynchronous electric drive is proposed on the basis ofthe concept of inverse dynamics problems in combination with the minimization of local functionality of instantaneousenergy magnitudes, which ensures high-quality pressure regulation under the conditions of parametric perturbations activityand has acceptable energy indices.
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Lo, K. Y., B. H. Cooke, and D. D. Dunbar. "Design of buried structures in squeezing rock in Toronto, Canada." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 24, no. 2 (May 1, 1987): 232–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t87-028.
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The construction of the Domed Stadium in Toronto necessitated the relocation of the John Street Pumping Station and associated water supply tunnels for the downtown Toronto area. The proposed structures include tunnels, shafts, and a new pumping station built in or founded on rock. The shale rock of the Georgian Bay formation is known to possess high horizontal stresses and time-dependent deformation and at this site contains numerous horizontal fractures filled with clay seams. This paper presents the results of the site investigation, field and laboratory testing, analysis, and design for the buried structures. Special provisions for "rock squeeze" for different structures are also described. Key words: tunnels, shafts, shale, squeezing rock, horizontal stress, rock–structure–time interaction.
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Lo, Anthony CW, Phil Jones, and Francis WH Yik. "Effects of pumping station configuration on the energy performance of district cooling systems." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 38, no. 3 (December 5, 2016): 287–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624416680019.
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In this paper, a hypothetical district representing the typical urban districts in Hong Kong was considered and a district cooling system model was designed for this district. Mathematical models were tailor-designed for all the major district cooling system equipment to simulate the effects of changing the pumping station’s configuration on the energy performance of the district cooling system. The measures included the use of multiple pumping stations and an unequal number of pumps in each station. In view of the vast number of pumping station combinations possible for analysis, a hydraulic gradient evaluation method was adopted to assist a quick assessment and exploration of those combinations that would be technically feasible. Furthermore, the energy performance of all these technically feasible combinations was evaluated to identify an optimum design that would lead to the lowest electricity consumption. Practical application: In a district cooling system where there is only one main pumping station for distributing chilled water to all the buildings in the district, the chilled water flow rate and pressure head are very high. Adding booster pumping stations can help to reduce pressure head, pump size and hence power demand of the main pumping station. In this paper, the effects of different pumping station configurations on the energy performance of a district cooling system were investigated. The configuration that could mitigate the impacts of a low delta-T on the energy performance of the district cooling system was also identified.
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Ahmedov, Beyali, and Anar Hajiyev. "Assessment of dynamic forces in new construction design for beamless sucker-rod pumping units." Nafta-Gaz 76, no. 5 (May 2020): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.18668/ng.2020.05.03.
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Monsef, Hamed, Naghash Zadegan, and Koroush Javaherdeh. "Design and construction of a low capacity pump-less absorption system." Thermal Science 18, no. 2 (2014): 577–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120119016m.
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In this investigation, a low capacity absorption system has been designed and constructed where the mechanical pump has been replaced with a bubble pump, reducing the cost and eliminating the electrical power. Initially, a test rig bubble pump has been built with a single Pyrex tube to test the effect of different parameters on pumping flow rate. An absorption refrigeration system with a capacity of 2.5 kW has been designed and constructed. Results have shown that a bubble pump with five horizontal tubes with 2.5 mm diameter and submergence ratio of 0.4 has the best performance for this low capacity absorption refrigeration system. The COP of this structure was about 0.51 and mathematical modeling shows that increasing the solution concentration at generator outlet decreases the COP of the system.
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Hu, Z. F., Z. Q. Yue, J. Zhou, and L. G. Tham. "Design and construction of a deep excavation in soft soils adjacent to the Shanghai Metro tunnels." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 40, no. 5 (October 1, 2003): 933–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t03-041.
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This paper presents the design and construction of a deep excavation for building foundations in saturated soil. This deep excavation was of particular interest because it was located above and beside the Shanghai Metro tunnels. The twin Shanghai Metro tunnels had to be in full operation during the deep excavation. Potential large deformation of the twin tunnels was one of the main concerns during the design and construction for the deep excavation. The paper discusses in detail the criteria and measures for controlling the soil and tunnel deformation. The measures included cast-in-place concrete diaphragm walls with bracing structural members, pumping consolidation, cementsoil mix pile systems, and rational excavation procedures. A simplified theoretical method was proposed to estimate the increment in undrained shear strength in a soft clay layer due to pumping consolidation. Furthermore, conventional finite element methods were used to predict the soil vertical and horizontal displacements induced by the excavation. Using the design and construction methods discussed in the paper, the settlement and horizontal displacement of the tunnels were successfully controlled within 5.0 mm and 9.0 mm, respectively. The curvature of longitudinal deformation curve of the tunnels was less than 1/15 000. The horizontal displacement of the braced diaphragm walls was less than 0.12% of the total excavation depth. Key words: Metro tunnels, saturated soft soil, deep excavation, design, construction, ground improvement, case studies.
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Farfán, Ricardo Fabricio Muñoz, Telly Yarita Macías Zambrano, Vicente Paúl Zambrano Valencia, and Victor Manuel Delgado Sosa. "Design and construction of a cold production simulator system: chiller." International journal of physical sciences and engineering 3, no. 3 (November 25, 2019): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29332/ijpse.v3n3.367.
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The design and construction of a cold production system from the ice water submitted by a mechanical direct expansion system contributing to the development of knowledge in the area of air conditioning were carried out. Among the technical design parameters, a direct expansion system with cooling capacity of 9000 BTU/Hrs, R134 refrigerant gas to a turbine for the work of the Fan Coil of ½ Hp of force 220 V was selected, as was the fan motor of the cooling tower as fundamental means for heat transfer. The recirculation pumping system is carried out by pumps of 0.37 kW of power and a maximum flow of 40 l/min. For both the evaporator sump (cold) and the condenser sump (hot). The work stage is given in two independent circuits, the Fan Coil system is connected to the evaporator sump and the cooling tower, in turn, is connected to the condensation system for proper operation and achieve condensation temperatures of 35 ° C and in case of having water requirements in the cold sump, the tower is connected by means of an electromagnetic valve for its supply.
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Hu, Shu Guang, Yan Zhou Peng, Qing Jun Ding, and Shi Dong Luo. "Experimental Study on Vacuum-Assisted Pumping Technique of Steel Tube-Confined Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 405-406 (January 2009): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.405-406.89.
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A new technique for construction of steel tube-confined concrete (STCC), i.e., vacuum-assisted pumping technique was put forward in this paper, and the simulation research both in laboratory and on the building site had been done. The test results showed that the formation of air membrane between steel tube and core concrete could be effectively inhibited by controlling the air content of concrete through optimizing design for mix proportion of concrete and by regulating the vacuum pressure in steel tube during the process of concrete pumping, and thus the density of concrete was increased and the bond between steel tube and concrete was improved. Therefore, the performance of STCC structure such as the ultimate load-bearing capacity was enhanced. Moreover, this new technique can decrease the difficulty of concrete pumping. The technology had been applied in the construction of Yichang Yangtze River Bridge in Yichang-Wanxian railway.
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Xie, Haibo, Feng Liu, Yurun Fan, Huayong Yang, Jian Chen, Jin Zhang, and Chungen Zuo. "Workability and proportion design of pumping concrete based on rheological parameters." Construction and Building Materials 44 (July 2013): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.02.051.
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Marakhtanov, Vadim Petrovich. "Cryogenic deformations of pumping station building at Zapolyarnoye field." Арктика и Антарктика, no. 1 (January 2020): 98–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2453-8922.2020.1.31807.
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The subject of the study was to determine the causes of long-term deformation of the structures of technological equipment inside the building of the pumping station that supplies water to the industrial facilities and residential buildings of the infrastructure of the Zapolyarnoye oil and gas condensate field, located in the permafrost zone of Western Siberia, near the Arctic Circle. The main objectives of the study were to identify the mechanism of these deformations and develop practical recommendations for stabilizing structures and preventing their further destruction based on the analysis of the results. The survey was carried out using a set of methods provided for by the current legislation (visual and measurement control, geodetic works, thermometric observations in wells). The current situation at objects of such importance at the time of our study had no analogues. Analysis of the results of the structure inspection leads to the conclusion that the cause of the deformations were miscalculations in the design, construction and operation of the structure. The construction should be done with participation of specialists in the field of permafrost engineering.
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Wang, An Lin, Zhong Qiu Shi, Yu Qin Hu, and Cai Xing Yuan. "Quantitatively Calculated Parameters Configuration of Concrete Pump Accumulator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 120 (October 2011): 551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.120.551.
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In order to solve the problem of the response time of concrete pump distribution circuit unmatching pumping construcution requirement,which caused by selecting accumulator based on experience, the parameter configuration of the accumulator was quantitatively expressed. The response time of the distribution circuit is divided into switch time of S tube distribution valve and accumulated pressure differential time of the accumulator. In order to meet the requirements of the response time of the pumping construction, based on the existing parameter configuration of the accumulator, with dynamic characteristic equation and gas state equation respectively, the switch time of S tube distribution valve and accumulated pressure differential time of the accumulator is quantitatively calculated, and the parameters of the accumulator is configurated.Compared to the traditional accumulator choice method, namely selecting accumulator according to experience and testing whether the response time of the distribution circuit is reasonable, quantitative calculated parameter configuration of concrete pump accumulator is more accurate, and can fully meet the requirments of pumping construction. This method also provides theoretical basis for design and choice of engineering machinery accumulator.
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Shtykova, I., T. Shinkevich, and G. Ybytayeva. "Mathematical description of the groundwater pumping process during the design of the automatic drainage system." E3S Web of Conferences 222 (2020): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022201006.
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The main structure of any building is the foundation. It takes on itself and transfers all its load to the ground. When choosing the type of foundation, the decisive factor is considered to be the characteristics of the soil, the depth of freezing, as well as the level of groundwater, which gives the developer a lot of problems. The foundation under high groundwater level greatly affects the strength and load-bearing capacity of the building and requires a big investment. The groundwater level will be the fundamental criteriawhen calculating the cost of development, construction technology, durability of the structure and operating conditions of the building. The process of designing such systems is significantly complicated by multidimensionality, non-stationarity, as well as the non-linear nature of control objects. When developing an automatic drainage system, it is necessary to build a high-quality mathematical model of the pumping station. The article discusses the process of building an automatic system of groundwater regulation in a drainage tank based on a given control value and disturbing effect. The mathematical description is developed for the control circuit “water level - speed of the drainage pump” with the main disturbing effect - a change in the groundwater supply Mathematical model of the pumping station is implemented using a virtual simulation program - ViSSim.Based on the obtained model, an automatic drainage system can be developed to prevent flooding of the foundation with ground water during the construction of buildings and structures.
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Martin-Candilejo, Araceli, David Santillán, Ana Iglesias, and Luis Garrote. "Optimization of the Design of Water Distribution Systems for Variable Pumping Flow Rates." Water 12, no. 2 (January 28, 2020): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020359.
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Water supply systems need to be designed in an efficient way, accounting for both construction costs and operational energy expenditures when pumping is required. Since water demand varies depending on the moment’s necessities, especially when it comes to agricultural purposes, water supply systems should also be designed to adequately handle this. This paper presents a straightforward design methodology that using a constant flow rate, the total cost is equivalent to that of the variable demand flow. The methodology is based on the Granados System, which is a very intuitive and practical gradient based procedure. To adapt it to seasonal demand, the concepts of Equivalent Flow Rate and Equivalent Volume are presented and applied in a simple case study. These concepts are computationally straightforward and facilitate the design process of hydraulic drives under demand variability and can be used in multiple methodologies, aside from the Granados System. The Equivalent Flow Rate and Equivalent Volume offer a solution to design procedures that require a constant flow regime, adapting them to more realistic design situations and therefore widening their practical scope.
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Cui, Wen. "Study on Application of Concrete Admixture Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.54.
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Mix design of high performance concrete was determined based on the pumping simulation test. It was indicated by test and field application that the trimixture technique and the double mixture technique can improve the pump of concrete, reduce the dosage of cement and the hydration heat; adding expansion agent can prevent harmful cracks in the concrete due to shrinkage stress, improve the compactness and impermeability. The reasonable construction technologies were used in mixing, transportation, pouring, vibrating and curing of the concrete in order to ensure quality of the construction.
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Gogina, Elena, and Nikolay Makisha. "Information Technologies in View of Complex Solution of Waste Water Problems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 636–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.636.
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The article reveals unsatisfactory condition of contemporary sewage systems and structures and contains analyses of modern approaches to design, construction, reconstruction and service of such systems. Comprehensive approach is pointed out that means use of IT methods as a part of the entire problem and the entire system e.g. sewage network, pumping stations and waste water treatment plants. Authors also give the example of the software used nowadays.
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Shcherbakov, Vladimir, Aleksandr Akulshin, Aleksandr Bachmetev, and Anatolyi Akulshin. "Selection of filter parameters of Individual water supply systems." E3S Web of Conferences 110 (2019): 01072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911001072.
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The paper is devoted to the problem of optimal design, construction and operation of water supply systems and their elements. The key element of the system is a water well. The quality of its design and construction determines the operation of the water intake as a whole. Disadvantages in the construction of a well lead to disruption of the entire water supply system of a particular object. The paper proposed a methodology for selecting the optimal diameter and length of the well filter of a water well. Based on the methodology, an example of filter parameters selection for hydrogeological conditions of the city of Kursk is given. The above calculation showed that the use of the entrance velocity criterion in the design of wells can significantly reduce the cost of well construction while ensuring the design flow rate and allowable lowering of the water level. The cost of the filter, depending on the well design, is 20-30% of the total price for its construction. The most important filter parameters affecting the cost of a well are its length and diameter. Justifying the minimum diameter of the filter that ensures the designed water intake and allowable dewatering can significantly reduce the cost of the well, taking into account the fact that modern pumping equipment allows the use of columns of small diameter above the filter.
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Young, B. W. "Generic design of ram pumps." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 212, no. 2 (March 1, 1998): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0957650981536646.
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The hydraulic ram pump was invented over 200 years ago but became obsolete with the general availability of mains water. It is used for pumping surface water and is powered by the potential energy of the supply. Ram pumps are particularly appropriate for use in remote regions of the developing world as their construction is basic and robust and they are inexpensive and easy to install and maintain. A rational design procedure applicable to any ram pump is described in this paper. The method is based on the three non-dimensional relationships that have been found to govern ram pump behaviour. The relationships express beat frequency, quantity delivered and source capacity in terms of the independent variables. By assigning upper and lower bounds to the critical velocity in the drive pipe, it is possible to derive three characteristic pump parameters from which the dependent variables may be determined directly. These parameters all take the same numerical values within a feasible design space. The design method has been confirmed using the results of existing experiments. A number of examples are given which illustrate the ease and rapidity of the procedure.
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Song, Xiaosheng, Shuo Wang, and Xiaosheng Song. "Design and Analysis of a Concrete Placer for Optimize the Craft of Infilled Walls’S Constructional Column." Open Civil Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (October 29, 2015): 950–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501509010950.
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Aiming at the construction of infill wall structural column are often used in artificial layer pouring method and top pouring back method, to improve the structure of wall column concrete pouring process, puts forward a new type of structural column concrete pouring machine. The application of this equipment, process worker can finish pouring filled wall structure column and tap filled wall structure column and unloading modulus. Reduces the labor intensity, reduces the construction cost and ensure the construction quality of frame pillar structure, realizes the structural column placement by artificial into mechanization. Introduces the design concept and the design of machinery equipment. Put forward a kind of "mixed Vibration, Lifting and Transmission" design concept. The mechanical design including a pumping device, transmission device, track lifting device, transmission device, vibration device, supporting steel template module six. Describes the structure and function of the main components of the. Describes the use of the method and the working principle of the equipment. And correlation analysis and calculation on the key parts. Presents the control principle and control calculation. Through the 3D MAX animation simulation and real structures is feasible
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Strzelecki, Tomasz, Eugeniusz Sawicki, and Michał Strzelecki. "NUMERICAL MODELING OF VERTICAL WELLS IN UNSTEADY GROUNDWATER FLOW CONDITIONS." Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica 35, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2013-0025.
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Abstract This article presents the results of numerical calculations of drainage of a large engineering construction - “Afrykarium” in Wrocław ZOO, Poland, based on a 2D numerical model for seepage flow. In the numerical simulations the real (natural) hydrogeological conditions, water-courses, surface reservoirs and time dependent seepage flow (during drainage) are taken into account. The aim of numerical calculations was to determine quantities (draining time, number of wells, spacing and arrangement of wells, flows for every well, and hydraulic head map) necessary to design an effective drainage system of construction site. The mathematical model adopted to illustrate and predict groundwater depression during pumping was the Boussinesq equation for unsteady 2D flow.
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Lugovaja, I. S. "Address for correspondence: Lugovaja Inna S. – Belarusian National Technical University, 12 Ya. Kolasa str., 220013, Minsk, Republic of Belarus. Tel: +375 17 292-84-37 gpa_atf@bntu.by." Science & Technique 18, no. 5 (October 14, 2019): 422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2019-18-5-422-426.
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Hydraulic systems used in mechanisms and machines are intended for mechanical movements: load lifting, material pressing, moving of working bodies, etc. Mineral oils with low viscosity are used in them as working fluids. Such liquids include food products (honey, molasses, tar, minced meat, dough, pasta, creams, starches), construction materials (clay, cement, sealant), petroleum products, etc. which are found in chemical and textile, wine and bakery, cosmetic and confectionery, dairy and paintwork, construction industry and many other areas of activity. At the same time, hydraulic systems are used in various sectors of the national economy, which are designed for pumping or transporting a high-viscosity working fluid. However, description of such hydraulic systems, their classification, specific features of the devices of which they consist, has yet received insufficient attention. In this regard, this paper provides a classification of hydraulic systems for pumping and transporting highly viscous liquids, a description of their composition, main types of pumps and devices for controlling and performing technological tasks widely used in various industries. It is shown that all pumps used for these purposes can be divided into two groups: dynamic and volumetric. The paper presents schemes of devices, a brief description and operational principle of pumps used for these purposes. The executed analysis has shown that an operation of hydraulic systems for pumping highly viscous liquids necessitates further study of their characteristics, as well as development of methods for calculation and design.
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Bolonkin, Alexander, Shmuel Neumann, and Joseph Friedlander. "Transparent Inflatable Column Film Dome for Nuclear Stations, Stadiums, and Cities." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2011 (2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/175492.
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In a series of previous articles, one of the authors published designs of the AB Dome which can cover a city, important large installations or subregions by a transparent thin film supported by a small additional air overpressure. The AB Dome keeps the outside atmospheric conditions from the interior protecting a city from chemical, bacterial, and radioactive weapons (wastes). The design in this article differs from previous one as this design employs an inflatable columns which does not need an additional pressure (overpressure) inside the dome and is cheaper in construction (no powered air pumping station) and in operation (no special entrance airlock and permanent pumping expense). When dome is supported by columns, no overpressure is required inside the dome which is important when the dome covers a damaged nuclear reactor. The nuclear reactor may produce radioactive gases and dust, and, as inflatable domes are not typically hermetically sealed, the increased pressure inside the dome can leak out gas and dust into the atmosphere. The suggested design does not have this drawback. Positive pressure gradients expel dust particles—neutral pressure gradients will not. (Negative pressure gradients may even be possible in certain configurations.)
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Cai, Xue Feng, Jin Ping Zhuang, and Ji Zhong Zhou. "Construction Site Measurement of High or Large-Span Form Strut System." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 1226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.1226.
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Design theory of high or large-span form strut system cann’t meet the engineering requirement and deficiencies were pointed out. In this paper, variation rule of axial force of the strut with the whole course of concrete pouring had been studied by measuring on three sites. The result discovered that pouring method and floor modes have significant effect on axial force of high or large-span form strut system. Compared to manual pouring, pumping lead to not only horizontal impact force but also vertical impact force. Compared to flat roof, axial force of avertical strut in sloping roof form strut system were more uneven and the maximal difference reached to 2 times. Axial force between bottom part and top part at avertical strut are different due to the influence of horizontal strut and crossing strut. Due to analysis result, some corresponding advices were put out in the end.
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Karthick, K., K. Jaiganesh, and S. Kavaskar. "Comprehensive Study, Design and Economic Feasibility Analysis of Solar PV Powered Water Pumping System." Energy Engineering 118, no. 6 (2021): 1887–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/ee.2021.017563.
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Korobko, Bogdan, and Ievgen Vasyliev. "Test Method for Rheological Behavior of Mortar for Building Work." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ama-2017-0025.
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AbstractThis paper offers a test method for rheological behavior of mortars with different mobility and different composition, which are used for execution of construction work. This method is based on investigation of the interaction between the valve ball and the mortar under study and allows quick defining of experimental variables for any composition of building mortars. Certain rheological behavior will permit to calculate the design parameters of machines for specific conditions of work performance – mixing (pre-operation), pressure generation, pumping to the work site, workpiece surfacing.
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McNoldy, Brian D., Anning Cheng, Zachary A. Eitzen, Richard W. Moore, John Persing, Kevin Schaefer, and Wayne H. Schubert. "Design and Construction of an Affordable Rotating Table for Classroom Demonstrations of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Principles." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 84, no. 12 (December 1, 2003): 1827–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-84-12-1827.
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Rotating tables have been in use for many years because of their ability to demonstrate fluid dynamical phenomena, shedding insight on the sometimes complicated or esoteric mathematics used to describe such processes. A small team of students at the Colorado State University (CSU) Department of Atmospheric Science constructed a rotating table, or “spin tank,” assembly that is simple and affordable, yet instructive. The apparatus is designed to be easy to maintain and operate. The number of moving parts is kept at a minimum, and the electrical components chosen are of high quality. With the aid of a brief instruction manual or tutorial, students and faculty can operate the rotating table and easily perform many demonstrations, with the freedom to vary fluid depth, rotation rate, and acceleration. The entire design and construction process was conducted on a limited budget of $3,000. A spin tank such as this has practical applications for the qualitative study of fluid dynamics. Fundamental concepts in rotating flow dynamics can be demonstrated to supplement the more rigorous mathematical treatment typically given in oceanography or atmospheric physics graduate-level courses. Topics that have been explored thus far are Ekman pumping, Taylor columns, and barotropic instability, but could be broadened to include subjects such as Rossby waves, baroclinic instability, vortex merger, and thermal convection.
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Zhao, Yan Rong, and Zhi Fang Zhou. "Taizhou Bridge South Anchor Caisson Construction Drainage System Optimization Model of Settlement and Deformation as Constraint Conditions." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 1334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1334.
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Since construction drainage will inevitably cause ground settlement, it is necessary that a system optimization model is established with source (sink) distribution and intensity being the object function, minimum requirements of settlement and deformation of surroundings caused by draining and dynamic water levels during different working procedures being constraints, and the design parameter of pumping (injection) wells being the variable. The system optimization model solved the problem of which Taizhou bridge south anchor caisson foundation construction drainage induced settlement, so as to lower the damage of surrounding buildings. So the system optimization model provides a new method for active control over settlement during draining. Such a method of drainage based on system optimization model should be of significance for similar projects involving drainage.
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Jakovlevs, S. "A MODEL FOR CALCULATING THE COLLECTION AND PUMPING OF RAIN AND MELT WATER IN THE DESIGN OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL BUILDINGS FOR PUBLIC AND INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES." Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 445, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-170x.11.
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In drainage systems, it is often necessary to raise polluted rain and melt water to a low height. For example, pumping wastewater from one gravity collector to another, raising wastewater by several meters in order to reduce the deepening of the collecting sewer collector and, as a result, reduce capital costs for its construction. In such places, it may be more economically feasible to reduce such deepening. The novelty of the study is that the development of a drain can be fulfilled only if the filling of the throughput of the collectors is sufficiently ensured. The study shows that the possibilities of expanding collectors can be achieved based on compensation for energy consumption. The study outlined the necessity of allocating the device of a high-pressure pumping station with the subsequent laying of a pressure sewage collector to a common collector, or to the main sewer network, which in turn supplies rain and melt water to the main collector. The practical significance of the study is the widespread introduction of intermediate pumps of low pressure in sewerage networks is constrained by the lack of a sufficient range of reliable and economical low pressure pumps for contaminated liquids.
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Purdyk, Victor, Oleksandr Brytskiy, and Vitaliy Sapognik. "Dynamics of Adaptive Drive Equipment for Forming Billets Bricks." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.3 (September 15, 2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.3.19557.
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Abstract. In this paper, an option is provided for upgrading equipment for the formation of raw bricks by creating a compact design with an adaptive drive based on hydroautomatics. The basis of modernized construction is the further scheme of formation of executive bodies on the movement of workpieces. A mathematical model of equipment was developed that takes into account the peculiarities of the formation of forces of friction that arise during the movement in the executive power bodies and their inertia. As a result of the study of a mathematical model in the Matlab Simulink environment, the influence on the dynamics of motion of the main executive bodies of some parameters of the drive system is determined. It is noted that the dynamics of the drive is most affected by such parameters as the weight of moving executive bodies, the friction force is given, the hydraulic stiffness of the pressure line of the pumping station is given. The method of calculating the power of the pumping station of the adaptive drive was proposed, on the basis of which the design documentation was developed and the prototype of the equipment was manufactured.
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SAYRIDDINOV, Sayriddin Sh. "PECULIARITIES OF DESIGN AND OPERATION OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS." Urban construction and architecture 7, no. 2 (June 15, 2017): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2017.02.7.
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In this article the problem of design and operation of water supply systems for high-rise buildings in Russia, including in Togliatt i, is considered. The system of water supply of highrise buildings in modern design conditions is substantiated. It is noted that the existing design methods are based on the norms of the last century, without taking into account modern developments in the fi eld of sanitary equipment and the requirements for resource saving. It is substantiated that in order to above-mentioned problems solution it is necessary to study the development trends of the regulatory base in the fi eld of high-rise construction; to determine the operational features of high-rise building water supply systems; to reveal factors aff ecting resource conservation in the water supply system of high-rise buildings; to study effi ciency of pumping units operation and peculiarities of their regulation; to evaluate the water-saving eff ect from the use of modern water-fi ttings.
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Dong, Yi, Nai Qian Feng, Hao Wen Ye, Hu Yan Ling, Li Xun Lin, Li Bin Xu, and Hui Sun. "Application Research of C80 High-Performance Concrete for the Guangzhou East Tower." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 1635–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.1635.
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With the development of modern building design and construction technology, high strength concrete technology were getting more use in engineering and more requirements. The authors produced C80 HPC by using Portland cement, blast furnace slag, micro bead and Flyash as cementitious material, have prepared the concrete with grade of C80, low pumping resistance (rewinding time less than 6s), low shrink (72h early self-shrinkage value at 0.028%), high workability (slumps over 240mm and divergence over 700mm) and high durability (diffusion coefficient in concrete after 28d was 1.35×10-12 m2/s), which would match the requirements of the Guangzhou East Tower.
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Chen, Gong Xin, and Wang Lei. "Application 3D Numerical Simulation on Foundation Pit Dewatering Design of Nanchang International Financial Center." Advanced Materials Research 108-111 (May 2010): 1482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.108-111.1482.
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Based on the detailed analysis of site engineering geological and hydro-geological conditions for the proposed project Nanchang International Finance Center high-rise building, the dewatering design of this fundamental pit is proposed， in accordance with the surrounding environment as well as those pit design elements and so on. The three-dimensional numerical simulation model of groundwater for dewatering is also established. Using the three-dimensional groundwater numerical simulation software, Visual-modflow, the site is meshed into grid and the dewatering model is built under different well numbers and space. Al last, an optimal program (10 pumping wells for each pit and well equaling space) for this pit has been determined. It is also to simulate the water level vs. time during the dewatering. This does not only provide a strong basis for the optimum design of the foundation pit dewatering, but also provide a scientific basis for decision making to the underground construction.
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M.S. Dzhumataev, A.Zh. Bayaliev, and S.T. Solpiev. "TO THE QUESTION OF CREATING A STRUCTURE OF A DOUBLE-PISTON PUMP FOR SUBMITTING SAND-CEMENT MORTAR." Herald of KSUCTA n a N Isanov, no. 3 (September 23, 2019): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35803/1694-5298.2019.3.404-410.
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This article discusses the issue of creating an import-substituting chopper design for a double-piston pump for supplying sand and cement mortar in order to partially meet the needs of construction organizations of the Kyrgyz Republic for this equipment. The relevance of mastering the production of mortar pumps for the transportation and application of plaster to the surface during the finishing works, pumping solutions into various cavities during construction, repair of buildings and drilling wells plugging is indicated. A review and analysis of the existing mortar pumps was carried out, the qualifications of the mortar pumps by the method of action of the displacer on the pumped solution, in the direction of solution movement in the working chamber during suction were given. The principle of operation is shown and the advantages and disadvantages are noted. Specified prevailing mortar pumps are indicated.
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Shi, Tuo, Nianchun Deng, Xiao Guo, Wen Xu, and Shi Wang. "Experimental Study on Deformation Behavior and Compressive Strength of Concrete Cast in Steel Tube Arches under Low-Temperature Conditions." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (February 6, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8016282.
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Taking the construction of a concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) arch bridge (part of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway) in low temperatures as the test site, firstly the deformation performance test of concrete was carried out. Following this initial testing, measurement of compressive strength and shrinkage performance was conducted in large-diameter CFSTs under a variety of curing conditions. Experimental results showed that the expansion effect of Ca-Mg composite expansive agent in concrete was better than that of other expansive agents at any stage. Under low-temperature curing (0°C), the sampling strength of the large-diameter CFSTs reached 73.5% of the design strength at 28 d in the presence of a nonthermal curing system. The design strength itself was reached, when a curing system involving a thermal insulation film was applied, and use of this film also led to improvements in concrete shrinkage. The results suggested that a Ca-Mg composite expansive agent, combined with an insulation film curing system, should be the technique selected for concrete pumping construction of CFST arch bridges in Tibet.
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Sulistyo, Totok. "IDENTIFICATION AQUIFER PARAMETERS THROUGH SINGLE WELL PUMPING TEST SERIES AT PT. KALTIM KARIANGAU TERMINAL, BALIKPAPAN, EAST KALIMANTAN." JUTEKS - Jurnal Teknik Sipil 3, no. 2 (January 14, 2019): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.32511/juteks.v3i2.283.
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Aquifer Parameters are very important in groundwater and well management. The objective of this research is to determine aquifer parameter in order to be used in determining suitable production rate of well. Research was carried out in PT. Kaltim Kariangau Terminal, which is administratively, located in Balikpapan City, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. PT. Kaltim Kariangau Terminal has developed four wells with distance of each of well is between 50 and 300 meters, but it is a pity because just one well was completed by pumping test without observation well. Result of constant pumping test analyzing through Cooper – Jacob method has shown that value of Transmissivity (T) of aquifer is 319.0718283 m2/day, and it is known from geophysical logging and well construction design that the thickness of aquifer is 48 m, so hydraulic conductivity (K) of aquifer is 6.6473 m/day. Coefficient of aquifer loss is 0.0013 and coefficient of well loss is 0.0000008. Factors development of well could be classified as very effective with the well condition is properly designed and developed.
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Slavcheva, Galina Stanislavovna, and Olga Vladimirovna Artamonova. "Rheological Behavior and Mix Design for 3D Printable Cement Paste." Key Engineering Materials 799 (April 2019): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.799.282.
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This paper presents the theoretical analysis and experimental results concerning the rheological behavior and mix design of a 3d printable cement paste as matrix for printing concrete. From the point of view of classical rheology of disperse systems, the application of 3D printing technology in construction has been analyzed. The general scientific concept for optimization of admixtures for 3D printable materials has been developed in terms of viscosity, consistency, and parameters of flocculation and structural built-up. The technological tools to control rheological behavior of visco-plastic admixtures are identified in all stages of 3D printing such as mixing, pumping, extrusion, multilayer casting and structural built-up in the printing layers. The relevant considerations include the concentration, size, morphology, chemical and mineralogical composition, the physical and chemical activity of the solid phase’s surface, and the ionic composition, viscosity, and density of the liquid phase. The squeezing test is used in this paper as a rheological behaviour identification tool of cement-based materials in order to evaluate the extrudability and buildability. It is shown that these properties are significantly influenced by the mix proportions such as W/C-ratio, concentration of plasticizer additives and viscosity modifier additives as factors of changes in the concentration of the dispersed phase and properties of the dispersion liquid.
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Slezak, L. A., M. K. Fries, L. R. Pickard, and R. A. Palsenbarg. "Liquid stream secondary treatment process design at the Annacis Island wastewater treatment plant of the Greater Vancouver sewerage and drainage district." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0174.
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The Greater Vancouver Sewerage & Drainage District (GVS&DD) is a major regional wastewater agency serving Vancouver, British Columbia and surrounding municipalities. In the late 1980's it was mandated to upgrade its largest treatment plant from primary treatment to secondary treatment. From 1990 until the present the GVS&DD has engaged in Predesign, Design, Construction and Commissioning of the Annacis Island WWTP Secondary Upgrade. The size of the facility and the fact that no secondary treatment components were previously in place combined to make the upgrade a very large project valued at nearly $470 million CDN. This paper describes the major project components of the liquid stream process improvements. In addition to the major biological treatment components, other aspects of the project are described including, odour management, influent pumping, and primary treatment upgrades.
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Iskander, Magued, Sherif El-Gharbawy, and Roy Olson. "Performance of suction caissons in sand and clay." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 39, no. 3 (June 1, 2002): 576–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t02-030.
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The use of suction caissons (suction piles) in marine environments has been increasing in the last decade. A suction caisson is a steel pipe with an open bottom and a closed top that is inserted into the ground by pumping water out of it. Pumping creates a differential pressure across the caisson's top that pushes it into place, thus eliminating the need for pile driving. There are a number of uncertainties in the design of suction caissons. First, the state of stress and soil conditions adjacent to a suction caisson differs from those around typical driven piles or drilled shafts. Second, the axial load capacity of suction caissons depends on the rate of loading, hydraulic conductivity, drainage length, as well as the shearing strength properties of the foundation material. Finally, during pullout, volume change characteristics of the surrounding soils may change the theoretical suction pressures. A review of the existing knowledge relating to the design and construction of suction caissons is presented in this paper along with the results of a laboratory study on model caissons in sand and clay. Test results indicate that the use of suction pressure for installation of caissons is a viable alternative to conventional methods. Suction was also shown to resist some axial tensile loads.Key words: suction, pile, bucket, foundation, anchor, capacity.
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Deepak Juneja and Aditya Rana. "Economical, Efficient and Optimum Design of Storm Water Harvester." GIS Business 15, no. 2 (February 9, 2020): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v15i2.18905.
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In most parts of India, water table is getting lowered. The problem is more predominant in dense cities. Some cities have become dependent on potable water supply. Due to paving of roads and construction of buildings, Infiltration has reduced and run off has increased. Run off increases when the rainfall is intense and with increased road and building infrastructure. Further there is huge withdrawal of water to meet the demand for growing population. Sowing of paddy to increase the returns from farming adds to the problem. Paddy needs 150cm of water from sowing to harvesting. It is not the natural crop of this region. Part of this water demand is met by monsoon and the rest by pumping out of water. There is huge and rapid withdrawal of water from tube wells to keep the crops inundated in water. This causes the drawdown or lowering of water table. In the last two decades water has been receding at the rate of 50-100cm per year. After concerns of water harvesting were raised, the rate of decline has receded. Since we cannot do much about reducing water demand, the solution lies in water harvesting and recycling waste water. Roof top water harvesting is easy and has no challenges. Storm water harvesting is challenging and daunting task. The harvesters get clogged and may not be operational for long time. Optimum solution has been found for filter material to be used, and design of harvester.
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Chang, Te Hsing. "Assessment of Diaphragm Wall's Structural Impact on Groundwater Hydrology." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 1098–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1098.
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The Southern Taiwan Science Park (STSP) is located between Hsinshi Township and Shanhua Township of Tainan County, with the newly-built, high-speed railway running through its eastern side. The low-frequency vibration which was generated by passing high-speed trains causes environmental disturbances to industries within the Park. To address this issue, the implementation of vibration-reduction project with detailed design and construction was provided. The diaphragm wall-type vibration reduction walls will be built along the borderline between Hsinshi Township and Shanhua Township to reduce the impact on industries. The diaphragm wall structure will block groundwater from flowing to affect the underground hydrology. This study was aimed to discuss and assess the best configuration for the vibration reduction effects and environmental impacts. Numerical analysis of the impacts on groundwater hydrology was conducted in two cases. The simulation results indicated that both sides of diaphragm walls developed gaps in groundwater levels. Hence, diaphragm walls effectively reduced adverse impacts on groundwater hydrology with openings at locations where underground pipelines ran. Such variations were within the scope of groundwater level of high water and low water periods. Therefore, surface runoff and land subsidence resulting from the diaphragm wall construction were not severe. As diaphragm walls were made of impermeable materials, pumping water nearby made the groundwater level drawdown effects worse. Groundwater level variations resulting from pumping water were far greater than the regional groundwater level variations after the establishment of diaphragm walls. Special attention must be paid to this situation in follow-up management.
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MD Isa, Siti Fazlina, A. T. S. Azhar, and M. Aziman. "Design, Operation and Construction of a Large Rainfall Simulator for the Field Study on Acidic Barren Slope." Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 8 (August 27, 2018): 1851. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-03091119.
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The utilization of rainfall simulators has turned out to be more far reaching with the automated instrumentation and control systems. This paper portrays a rainfall simulator designed for analysis of erosion on steep (2.5H: 1V). A rainfall simulator designed to perform experiments in slope is introduced. The large scale of the apparatus allows the researcher to work in remote areas and on steep slopes. This simulator was designed to be effortlessly set up and kept up as well as able and additionally ready to create a variety of rainfall regimes. The nozzle performance tests and lateral spacing tests were performed at Research Center for Soft Soil (RECESS), which is another Research and Development (R and D) activity by Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. This test system is the standard for research involving simulated rainfall. The rainfall simulator is a pressurized nozzle type simulator. It discharges uniform rainfall on a square plot 6 m wide by 6 m (19.685 ft) long. The fundamental parts of a sprinkler rainfall simulator are a nozzle, a structure in which installs the nozzle, and the connections with the water supply and the pumping system. The structure of the test system was manufactured created with four fixed hollow rectangular galvanised on which a header with 25 nozzles attached to it. The nozzles are spaced 1 m apart. Flow meters control the inflow of water from the storage tank, ensuring each nozzle has a similar release rate, regardless of the introduction of the test system. The tank that was utilized has the 200 gallons of water which is 757.08 Lit and the full with water in tank can run the artificial rainfall simulation roughly around 50 to 60 minutes. The support system is collapsible, easy to set up and maintain. The subsequent test system is conservative (under RM9,000 to build), made with industrially accessible parts, simple to set-up and maintain and highly accurate.
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Flores, Thommas Kevin Sales, Juan Moises Mauricio Villanueva, Heber P. Gomes, and Sebastian Y. C. Catunda. "Indirect Feedback Measurement of Flow in a Water Pumping Network Employing Artificial Intelligence." Sensors 21, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010075.
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Indirect measurement can be used as an alternative to obtain a desired quantity, whose physical positioning or use of a direct sensor in the plant is expensive or not possible. This procedure can been improved by means of feedback control strategies of a secondary variable, which can be measured and controlled. Its main advantage is a new form of dynamic response, with improvements in the response time of the measurement of the quantity of interest. In water pumping networks, this methodology can be employed for measuring the flow indirectly, which can be advantageous due to the high price of flow sensors and the operational complexity to install them in pipelines. In this work, we present the use of artificial intelligence techniques in the implementation of the feedback system for indirect flow measurement. Among the contributions of this new technique is the design of the pressure controller using the Fuzzy logic theory, which rules out the need for knowing the plant model, as well as the use of an artificial neural network for the construction of nonlinear models with the purpose of indirectly estimating the flow. The validation of the proposed approach was carried out through experimental tests in a water pumping system, fully automated and installed at the Laboratory of Hydraulic and Energy Efficiency in Sanitation at the Federal University of Paraiba (LENHS/UFPB). The results were compared with an electromagnetic flow sensor present in the system, obtaining a maximum relative error of 10%.