Journal articles on the topic 'Pumped-storage power stations'

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1

You, Peipei, Sijia Liu, and Sen Guo. "A Hybrid Novel Fuzzy MCDM Method for Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of Pumped Storage Power Station in China." Mathematics 10, no. 1 (December 26, 2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10010071.

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Considering the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, along with their related policies, pumped storage power stations are set to develop quickly in China. The comprehensive performance of pumped storage power stations must urgently be evaluated, which can help investors in decision making and provide a reference for policymakers. In this paper, a hybrid novel fuzzy multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) method combining the fuzzy best worst method (BWM) and fuzzy TOPSIS was proposed for the comprehensive performance evaluation of pumped storage power stations in China. The fuzzy BWM was utilized to determine the criteria weights describing the comprehensive performance of pumped storage power stations, while the fuzzy TOPSIS was used to rank the comprehensive performance of pumped storage power stations. The index system for the comprehensive performance evaluation of pumped storage power stations in China incorporated economic, social, and environmental aspects. The comprehensive performance of four pumped storage power stations in China was empirically evaluated using the proposed hybrid novel fuzzy MCDM method, and the results indicate that pumped storage power station PSPS2 exhibited the best comprehensive performance, followed by pumped storage power stations PSPS1 and PSPS4, whereas pumped storage power station PSPS3 had the worst comprehensive performance. A sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis were also conducted. The results indicate that the proposed hybrid novel fuzzy MCDM method, combining the fuzzy BWM and fuzzy TOPSIS for comprehensive performance evaluation of pumped storage power stations, is robust and effective.
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2

Zhou, Li, Peiliang Liu, Sijia Liu, Zhou Lan, Shuyi Shen, Feifei Sun, and Yongxiu He. "Bidding strategy of pumped storage power station in spot market considering different optimization periods." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019401009.

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Pumped storage power station has multiple functions, such as alleviating the contradiction between peak and valley, to ensure the safe and economic operation of power grid. In the non market stage, pumped storage power stations mainly obey the system operator’s scheduling. In the market stage, pumped storage power stations in China are likely to participate in the competitive power market and provide peak power, frequency regualtion and recovery services. The paper studies the bidding strategies of the pumped storage power stations participating in the power market, and provides decision support for the pumped storage power stations to maximize market returns.
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3

Yan, Jun, Jianzhong Zhou, Yuxin Li, Xu Cao, Yong Sun, and Baonan Liu. "Research on intelligent pumped storage power station based on digital twins technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2237, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2237/1/012022.

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Abstract In order to build a new power system and achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, intelligent power grid and large-scale intermittent new energy has developed rapidly, as a consequence, the situation of power grid is increasingly complicated. Pumped storage power station, as a key technology of energy storage, which can effectively coordinate the peak-valley contradiction of power grid, is gradually transforming to the direction of intelligence and digitalization. In this context, the development characteristics and difficulties of intelligent pumped storage power stations are explored. Based on BIM and GIS fusion technology, the hierarchical framework of digital twins of pumped storage power station is proposed, the construction of the digital twins of pumped storage power station is elaborated simultaneously. Two application cases of digital twins in pumped storage power stations are introduced combined with operation and maintenance, which provides technical support for intelligent construction of pumped storage power stations with high engineering practical significance.
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4

Meng, Xiangxin, Yakun Zhang, Zekun Wu, and Wenzhe Tang. "Enhancing Operations Management of Pumped Storage Power Stations by Partnering from the Perspective of Multi-Energy Complementarity." Energies 16, no. 19 (October 9, 2023): 7005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16197005.

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Driven by China’s long-term energy transition strategies, the construction of large-scale clean energy power stations, such as wind, solar, and hydropower, is advancing rapidly. Consequently, as a green, low-carbon, and flexible storage power source, the adoption of pumped storage power stations is also rising significantly. Operations management is a significant factor that influences the performance of pumped storage power stations in various domains, including environmental protection, economic benefits, and social benefits. While existing studies have highlighted the importance of stakeholder partnering in operations management, a systematic exploration of the causal relationships between partnering, operations management, and the performance of pumped storage power stations—especially from a multi-energy complementarity perspective—remains untouched. This paper strives to shed light on the vital role of stakeholder partnering in augmenting the operations management and overall performance of pumped storage power stations, thereby contributing to China’s dual carbon goals. A comprehensive conceptual model was developed by reviewing the relevant literature to empirically examine the causal relationships among partnering, operations management, and power station performance, which was validated using data from the Liaoning Qingyuan Pumped Storage Power Station, which is the largest of its kind in Northeast China. The findings suggest: (1) Effective partnering among stakeholders, particularly with grid companies, significantly influences the operations management of pumped storage power stations, with deficiencies in partnering mainly attributed to the lack of effective communication channels and problem-solving mechanisms. (2) The level of operations management in China’s pumped storage power stations is relatively high, averaging a central score around 4.00 (out of a full score of 5) on operations management indicators. However, there is a need to concentrate on enhancing multi-energy complementarity coordination, digital management system development, and profitability. (3) Path analysis further unveils that partnering not only improves operations management but also boosts the performance of pumped storage power stations. These findings suggest a wide range of practical strategies for operations managers at pumped storage power stations to forge partnerships with stakeholders and integrate complementary resources, aiming to achieve excellence in performance.
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5

Zhang, Zhi, Dan Xu, Xuezhen Chan, and Guobin Xu. "Research on Power System Day-Ahead Generation Scheduling Method Considering Combined Operation of Wind Power and Pumped Storage Power Station." Sustainability 15, no. 7 (April 4, 2023): 6208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15076208.

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In the proposed wind-storage combined operation technology, the storage side is foreseen to play a significant role in power system day-ahead generation scheduling. Based on the operational characteristics of pumped storage power stations, the day-ahead dispatching method of a power system with wind farms and pumped storage power stations is studied. The dispatching mode that aims at the lowest operating cost is proposed, taking into consideration the coordination relationship between the scheduling benefit of pumped storage power stations and the total peak-shaving economy of the system and the fluctuation of new energy output. First, taking the constraint of reservoir capacity, the output power, and the daily pumping power of the pumped storage power station into account, a day-ahead generation scheduling model is constructed, with the objective of minimizing costs. Then, the imperial competition algorithm is applied to the proposed model. Finally, the algorithm is compared with the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm. The simulation results based on standard 4-unit and 10-unit systems indicate that the proposed method is effective and robust for a power system with wind power and pumped storage power stations.
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6

Lu, Ying, Jiaping Gu, Liang Li, Jia Zhou, and Shikai Zhang. "Research on the capacity allocation of basin hydropower-photovoltaic-storage hybrid power generation system based on flexibility of hydropower and pumped storage power stations." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2427, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2427/1/012011.

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Abstract The development and utilization of basin hydropower-photovoltaic-storage integrated energy system aim to smooth out the fluctuation of new energy generation capacity with the regulating ability of hydropower and pumped-storage power station, thus promoting the large-scale consumption of new energy. For regions rich in water, wind, solar, and pumped-storage resources, the main problem is how to allocate a reasonable scale of photovoltaic and wind power projects according to the scale of regional hydropower and pumped-storage power stations and realize the integrated development of multi-energy complementary. In this paper, based on the complementary power output characteristics of cascaded hydropower stations and regional photovoltaic power stations, and the good energy storage regulation of pumped-storage power stations, a capacity optimization model of basin hydropower-photovoltaic-storage hybrid power generation system with the goal of economic optimization under multiple constraints is constructed. It was applied to the planning and construction of the clean energy base in the Tibet-Sichuan section upstream of the Jinsha River, and the combined operation of the hydropower-photovoltaic-storage hybrid power generation system was analyzed to verify its feasibility.
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7

Hua, Weiqi, Hanlin Li, Congying Wu, Xiaoling Chen, Guanhui Lin, Xiang Li, Shunchao Wang, and Jiantong Jiao. "Characteristics of Multi-Stage Auxiliary Equipment Linkage in Pumped Storage Power Station Under Double Carbon Target." Journal of Engineering System 1, no. 1 (March 2023): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.62517/jes.202302106.

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The auxiliary control linkage system of the pumped storage power station has become a necessary technical means for the safe operation and production of the station. However, due to the scattered linkage control function and low control level of each subsystem of the pumped storage power station, the security system cannot play a full role, affecting the safety portion and other effects. This paper studies a multistage auxiliary equipment linkage method based on a linkage body for the pumped storage power station. In the framework of the system dividing safety intervals, five linkage bodies are constructed for multi-layer hierarchical linkage, including real-time monitoring, fire fighting, five-prevention locking, online monitoring, and video monitoring. Completing the development of the linkage method of auxiliary equipment comprehensive control based on a multi-level linkage strategy and implementing multi-stage auxiliary equipment linkage in the station can reduce the loss of auxiliary equipment in pumped storage stations and improve the carbon neutrality and carbon compliance benefit of the pumped storage stations.
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8

Gu, Zhenghan, Yi Zhang, Yifeng Wu, Feng Zhang, Lv Tang, and Jianguo Mo. "Study on the Operation Optimization Dispatching Strategy of Small and Medium-sized Pumped Storage Power Station." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2254, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2254/1/012014.

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Abstract This paper uses equivalent substitution method and random production simulation method to calculate the static efficiency of daily operation of small and medium-sized pumped storage power stations, maximize the static efficiency under energy storage constraints, and obtain the daily output operation scheduling plan of pumped storage power station. Their utility and effectiveness are demonstrated by using multiple load curves including summer peak load and holiday load and applying the calculation results to practical scheduling operations. This method for the same type of pumped storage power station, has a general practical and guiding value.
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9

Lyu, Xin, Ke Yang, Juejing Fang, Jinzhou Tang, and Yu Wang. "Feasibility Study of Construction of Pumped Storage Power Station Using Abandoned Mines: A Case Study of the Shitai Mine." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010314.

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Due to the proposal of China’s carbon neutrality target, the traditional fossil energy industry continues to decline, and the proportion of new energy continues to increase. New energy power systems have high requirements for peak shaving and energy storage, but China’s current energy storage facilities are seriously insufficient in number and scale. The unique features of abandoned mines offer considerable potential for the construction of large-scale pumped storage power stations. Several countries have reported the conversion of abandoned mines to pumped storage plants, and a pilot project for the conversion of an underground reservoir group has been formalized in China. A feasibility study that considered the natural conditions, mine conditions, safety conditions, and economic benefits revealed that the construction of pumped storage power stations using abandoned mines could ameliorate several economic, ecological, and social problems, including resource utilization, ecological restoration, and population resettlement. The construction of pumped storage power stations using abandoned mines not only utilizes underground space with no mining value (reduced cost and construction period), but also improves the peak-load regulation and energy storage urgently needed for the development of power grid systems. Combined with the underground space and surface water resources of the Shitai Mine in Anhui, China, a plan for the construction of a pumped storage power station was proposed. The challenges faced by the current project were evaluated, further research suggested, and demonstration projects established in order to help achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.
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10

Gao, Ming, Jiayu Bian, Shoutao Tian, Jing Tan, and Lufeng Chen. "Analysis of the impact of construction and operation of pumped-storage power stations on grid companies and the formulation of electricity prices." MATEC Web of Conferences 336 (2021): 09031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133609031.

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The pumped storage power station is flexible to start, can realize effective storage of electric energy, and has superior peak and frequency modulation effects, which is beneficial to provide comprehensive benefits of the power system. But at present, the construction of pumped-storage power plants has obviously exceeded the speed of policy and market development, resulting in problems in pumped-storage power station operation and cost reduction. Aiming at this problem, this paper further expounds the influence of the construction and operation of pumped storage power station on the electricity price of power grid companies. The revenue of pumped storage power station mainly comes from the auxiliary service market. In China, the peak regulation effect of pumped storage power station is significant and the revenue is considerable. Therefore, this paper studies the formulation of time-of-use price and subsection price of pumped storage power station.
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11

Li, Yan Qing, Chi Dong, Hao Shan Li, and Zhi Fei Liang. "Study on the Management Model of Pumped Storage Power Station." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 2622–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.2622.

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Power generation business models relate to the sustainable development of generation companies. This paper proposes an improved united lease management model for pumped storage power stations. Grid company, power generation companies (thermal power plants and nuclear power plants), and the government department jointly bear the rental fee. The amount of lease fees is determined according to the benefit of each renter. This paper conducted a case study of Huizhou Pumped Storage Power Station. The united power system simulation and auxiliary services compensation were applied to calculate the generation benefit, environmental benefit and dynamic benefit. The results suggest that the total incomes of Huizhou Pumped Storage Power Station are increased and the rental fee is fair and reasonable, indicating the rationality and effectiveness of this new management model.
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12

Ge, Pengjiang, Kangping Wang, Jinli Lv, Naixin Duan, Yuan Zhi, Jichun Liu, and Jianhua Deng. "Capacity Allocation Method of Pumped-Storage Power Station for Multi-Level Market in New Power System." Electronics 13, no. 2 (January 19, 2024): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13020415.

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With the development of the electricity spot market, pumped-storage power stations are faced with the problem of realizing flexible adjustment capabilities and limited profit margins under the current two-part electricity price system. At the same time, the penetration rate of new energy has increased. Its uncertainty has brought great pressure to the operation of the power system. The ramp market and its market mechanism have emerged as the times require. To this end, this article proposes a bidding strategy for pumped-storage power stations to participate in multi-level markets such as the ramp market. Considering the demand calculation of ramping services, a two-layer model of pumped storage’s participation in multiple markets is constructed. The upper level makes trading decisions with the goal of maximizing pumped-storage revenue; the lower level aims to minimize the total social cost and jointly clears the primary and auxiliary markets. The income from pumped storage participating in the main energy and ramp-up auxiliary markets at the same time is significantly higher than the income from the two-part electricity price system. Its flexible adjustment ability can be quantified, reducing dependence on capacity electricity charges and providing a theoretical reference for cost recovery and profitability of future pumped-storage power stations.
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13

Ma, Bin, Shiping Geng, Caixia Tan, Dongxiao Niu, and Zhijin He. "Game Analysis of Wind Storage Joint Ventures Participation in Power Market Based on a Double-Layer Stochastic Optimization Model." Processes 7, no. 12 (December 2, 2019): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7120896.

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The volatility of a new energy output leads to bidding bias when participating in the power market competition. A pumped storage power station is an ideal method of stabilizing new energy volatility. Therefore, wind power suppliers and pumped storage power stations first form wind storage joint ventures to participate in power market competition. At the same time, middlemen are introduced, constructing an upper-level game model (considering power producers and wind storage joint ventures) that forms equilibrium results of bidding competition in the wholesale and power distribution markets. Based on the equilibrium result of the upper-level model, a lower model is constructed to distribute the profits from wind storage joint ventures. The profits of each wind storage joint venture, wind power supplier, and pumped storage power station are obtained by the Nash negotiation and the Shapely value method. Finally, a case study is conducted. The results show that the wind storage joint ventures can improve the economics of the system. Further, the middlemen can smooth the rapid fluctuation of power price in the distribution and wholesale market, maintaining a smooth and efficient operation of the electricity market. These findings provide information for the design of an electricity market competition mechanism and the promotion of new energy power generation.
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14

Tan, Yudong, Guosheng Xie, Yunhao Xiao, Yi Luo, Xintao Xie, and Ming Wen. "Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of Hybrid Pumped-Storage Power Stations Based on Improved Rank Correlation-Entropy Weight Method." Energies 15, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 8414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228414.

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Over the past decade, the growth of new power plants has become a trend, with new energy stations growing particularly fast. In order to solve the problem of electricity consumption, the development of hybrid pumped storage based on hydropower stations has become a focus, so it is necessary to evaluate and analyze its technical and economic characteristics. Based on the characteristics of pumped-storage power stations, this paper proposes a comprehensive benefit evaluation model for the functional, financial, and environmental benefits. The model uses the fuzzy Delphi method to improve the rank correlation analysis method and introduces the entropy weighting method, calculating the comprehensive weight of indicators by the subjective and objective combination weighting method. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to establish a comprehensive evaluation model and calculate the comprehensive benefit evaluation grade of hybrid pumped-storage power plants. Finally, the practicality and validity of the evaluation model are verified through case studies, and the technical and economic characteristics and superiority of the hybrid pumped-storage power plants are analyzed based on the evaluation results.
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15

Guo, Liang, Shudi Liu, Litang Xi, Guofang Zhang, Ziqi Liu, Qi Zeng, Feipeng Lü, and Yuhong Wang. "Research on the Short-Term Economic Dispatch Method of Power System Involving a Hydropower-Photovoltaic-Pumped Storage Plant." Electronics 13, no. 7 (March 29, 2024): 1282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13071282.

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The auxiliary regulation capacity of pumped-storage power stations can be utilized as an effective method to regulate the output of a hydro-photovoltaic complementary system, further mitigating the power fluctuations of the system and enhancing the photovoltaic absorption. This study aims to minimize power fluctuations and maximize the economic benefits of electricity generation in a hydropower-photovoltaic-pumped-storage complementary system (HPPCS), which are treated as the objective functions. It explores the participation of the HPPCS in grid active power balance auxiliary services. By modulating the participation ratio of the HPPCS in the grid’s active balance service, the system output is aligned to fluctuate proportionally with the daily load curve trend. Consequently, a short-term economic dispatch model for the integrated HPPCS is developed. The case study focuses on the considerable impact of weather conditions on photovoltaic (PV) power generation. In this model, the outputs of cascading hydro-power stations and pumped-storage power stations are considered as the decision variables. A decomposition-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is applied to derive an optimized intra-day dispatch Pareto solution set for the cascading HPPCS in each of these scenarios. Additionally, this study compares the Pareto solution sets for the HPPCS in various extents of its participation in grid auxiliary services. The results of the case study suggest that the system is capable of timely adjustments during the peak and trough periods of load demand. Considering the economic benefits, it enables the pumped-storage station to generate electricity for the grid during periods of high electricity prices and to store energy by pumping water when prices are low.
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16

Mitteregger, Anton, and Gerhart Penninger. "Austrian pumped storage power stations supply peak demands." World Pumps 2008, no. 500 (May 2008): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-1762(08)70147-0.

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17

Li, Yang, Feilong Hong, Xiaohui Ge, Xuesong Zhang, Bo Zhao, and Feng Wu. "Optimal Capacity Configuration of Pumped-Storage Units Used to Retrofit Cascaded Hydropower Stations." Energies 16, no. 24 (December 13, 2023): 8049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16248049.

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As flexible resources, cascaded hydropower stations can regulate the fluctuations caused by wind and photovoltaic power. Constructing pumped-storage units between two upstream and downstream reservoirs is an effective method to further expand the capacity of flexible resources. This method transforms cascaded hydropower stations into a cascaded pumped-hydro-energy storage system. In this paper, a flexibility reformation planning model of cascaded hydropower stations retrofitted with pumped-storage units under a hybrid system composed of thermal, wind, and photovoltaic power is established with the aim of investigating the optimal capacity of pumped-storage units. First, a generative adversarial network and a density peak clustering algorithm are utilized to generate typical scenarios to deal with the seasonal fluctuation of renewable energy generation, natural water inflow, and loads. Then, a full-scenario optimization method is proposed to optimize the operation costs of multiple scenarios considering the variable-speed operation characteristics of pumped storage and to obtain a scheme with better comprehensive economy. Meanwhile, the proposed model is retransformed into a mixed-integer linear programming problem to simplify the solution. Case studies in Sichuan province are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
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18

Liang, Ning, Pengcheng Li, Zhijian Liu, Qi Song, and Linlin Luo. "Optimal Scheduling of Island Microgrid with Seawater-Pumped Storage Station and Renewable Energy." Processes 8, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8060737.

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The rapid development of renewable energy, represented by wind and photovoltaic, provides a new solution for island power supplies. However, due to the intermittent and random nature of renewable energy, a microgrid needs energy-storage components to stabilize its power supply when coupled with them. The emergence of seawater-pumped storage stations provides a new method to offset the shortage of island power supply. In this study, an optimal scheduling of island microgrid is proposed, which uses seawater-pumped storage station as the energy storage equipment to cooperate with wind, photovoltaic and diesel generator. First, a mathematic formulation of seawater-pumped storage station with renewable energy is presented. Then, to reach the goal of economic dispatch, an optimal scheduling model of island microgrid is established with the consideration of both respective operation constraints and island load requirements. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by an island microgrid over two typical seasons. The simulation results show that the proposed framework not only increases the usage of renewable energy, but also improves the operational reliability and economy of island microgrids.
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19

Xiao, Qin, Zhidan Bai, and Anan Zhang. "Based on the Security Control of Pumped Storage Hydropower under Extreme Fault Conditions after Grid Connection." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2774, no. 1 (July 1, 2024): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012006.

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Abstract As an important part of the new energy grid connection, pumped storage hydropower plays an important role in black start, frequency modulation and phase modulation, peak shaving and valley filling, energy storage and accident reserve. In order to ensure the security and stability of the power system under extreme fault conditions after the pumped storage hydropower is connected to the grid, it is particularly important to configure reasonable security and stability control measures. Based on the development status and operation characteristics of pumped storage hydropower stations at home and abroad, considering the need of system security and stability control, this paper takes a pumped storage hydropower station in Southwest China as an example to simulate and analyze the transient characteristics of the pumped storage hydropower after grid connection. In view of the possible extreme fault conditions, a regional security control system is designed, and the configuration, control measures and strategies of the security control device on the pumping side are studied.
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20

Zhang, Yi, Meng Li, Zhiheng Sun, and Jie Zhai. "Experimental Study on Surface Protection of Concrete Panel in Reservoir Basin of Pumped Storage Power Station in Cold Region." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 02025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913602025.

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Affected by various unfavorable factors during construction and operation,concrete panels of pumped storage power stationsin cold regions are prone to cracks, freeze-thaw erosion and other defects, which reduce the impermeabilityand durability of concrete panels. In order to effectively improve the impermeabilityand freezing resistancedurability of concrete panels, SK monocomponentpolyurea was selected for laboratory testsuch as tensile strength, freezing resistance, impermeabilityand xenon lamp weatheringaccording to the climatic conditions in northern cold regions and the operation characteristics of pumped storage power stations. Field protection tests were put into practiceon the reinforced concrete panels of the upper reservoir of Shisanling pumped storage power station, and 10 years of tracking tests were carried out. The experimental results show that SK monocomponent polyurea has good mechanical properties and long-term durability, which can play a positive role in improving the impermeabilityand anti-freezedurability of concrete panels. The protective effect is remarkable.
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Xin, Zhang, Li Haijun, Shen Jianchu, and Zhou Jie. "Research on Selection of Different Speed Units for Super High Water Head and Large Capicity Pumped Storage Power Station." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1037, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1037/1/012041.

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Abstract Changlongshan pumped storage power station is the one with the highest water head and the highest unit speed among the single-stage large capacity pumped storage power stations under construction in the world. There are two different speed units in the powerhouse, the speed is 500rpm and 600rpm. Usually the higher the head and the speed, the more difficult it is to design and manufacture the unit. For such high head and high speed units, there are not many internationally and domestic cases. This paper introduces the selection process of these two different speed units, and analyzes the characteristics of different speed units. By comparing the model test results of two kinds of speed pump turbine models, the hydraulic performances of energy, cavitation, overspeeding and pressure pulsation of different speed units are analyzed, which provides a reference for unit selection of similar parameter power stations.
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Yang, Xinglin, Jiaqi Chang, Zongnan Zhang, Jiaqi Zhang, and Guanzhong Xu. "Integrated energy system optimal scheduling considering the comprehensive and flexible operation mode of pumping storage." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 5, 2022): e0275514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275514.

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The integrated energy system (IES) optimal scheduling under the comprehensive flexible operation mode of pumping storage is considered. This system is conducive to the promotion of the accommodation of wind and solar energy and can meet the water, electricity and heat needs of coastal areas far away from the energy center. In this study, the joint dispatch between double pumped storage power stations is used to accommodate wind and solar energy better and smooth their fluctuations on the grid. Through the scheduling of water between the high and low reservoirs of double pumped storage power stations and the reservoir of the seawater desalination plant, the impact of storage capacity constraints on pumped storage power plants is reduced. Moreover, the objective function to build the IES optimization scheduling model is to achieve minimum economic cost. The results reveal that the integrated energy system accommodates all wind energy and solar energy. As such, the system increases the average working time of the pumped storage unit by 1.9 hours and reduces the economic cost by 31.50%. Based on the simulation results, the model can enhance the accommodation capability of wind energy and solar energy and improve the system economy.
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23

Sun, Han Han, and Yun Miao. "Design and Analysis of a New-Type Sand Energy Storage System for Wind Power Stations." Advanced Materials Research 487 (March 2012): 825–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.487.825.

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Pumped storage is one of the optimum and practical methods acting as an energy storage plan for conventional wind power stations. However, in northwestern China where more than 50% of China's total available wind energy exists, water resources are always too scarce to support any energy storage systems. To solve this contradiction, this paper puts forward a new-type storage plan for wind power stations, namely the Sand Energy Storage System(SESS). This plan needs masses of sand or gravel as an energy storage medium and simulates the working principle of pumped storage, yet certain devices are specially designed. Additionally, this paper demonstrates further exploration of the SESS by means of a model experiment, and ensuing analysis is made according to actual situations.
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He, Yichun, Zhengxi Wan, Guangrui Tang, Guowen Hao, Kangle Wang, and Qingyou Yan. "Analysis of Equipment Management Methods for Pumped Storage Power Stations Under the “Dual-Carbon” Goals." E3S Web of Conferences 520 (2024): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202452003011.

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Pumped-storage, as the most mature technology, economically optimal, and most suitable for largescale development, plays a crucial role in promoting the consumption of clean energy and supporting the construction of new energy systems. Pumped-storage power stations involve various types of equipment such as hydraulic and electrical devices. The frequent start-stop operation in the context of new energy system construction will pose significant challenges to the equipment. This paper proposes a reliability-centered health management method for pumped-storage equipment. It implements differentiated and hierarchical management strategies for various types of equipment and establishes differentiated equipment maintenance strategies based on this.The project takes the manhole door of a power station governor pressure oil tank with nitrile rubber sealing ring as an example to calculate the service life in actual working conditions. Through calculation, it is considered that when reliability is 99%, the service life can be extended for more than 5 years, and if the reliability is 100%, the service life can be extended for more than 1 year.
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Zhang, Hao, Jingyue Yang, Chenxi Li, Pengcheng Guo, Jun Liu, Ruibao Jin, Jing Hu, Fengyuan Gan, and Fei Cao. "Reasonable Energy-Abandonment Operation of a Combined Power Generation System with an Ultra-High Proportion of Renewable Energy." Energies 17, no. 8 (April 18, 2024): 1936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17081936.

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With large-scale grid-connected renewable energy, new power systems require more flexible and reliable energy storage power sources. Pumped storage stations play an important role in peak shaving, valley filling, and promoting renewable energy consumption. This paper presents the reasonable energy-abandonment operation of a combined power generation system (CPGS), in which a pumped storage station is the core control power, with an ultra-high proportion of renewable energy. Firstly, based on the seasonal characteristics of wind, solar, and load demand, typical days are selected through improved clustering analysis algorithms. Then, a daily optimal scheduling model for combined power generation systems (CPGS) is developed with the goals of economy, low-carbon, and stable operation. Finally, the correlation between the energy-abandonment rate and pumped storage station peak shaving and system optimization operation indicators is obtained by a reasonable energy-abandonment calculation method considering source-grid-load coordination. Taking the operation data of an energy base in the western region of China as an example, when the penetration rate of renewable energy is 60–70% in the future, the operating cost on the power side is greatly affected by the construction of the source side. When the system operates at a planned reasonable energy-abandonment rate of 2%, electricity regulation, load tracking, and daily operating costs all show better performance.
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Zhang, Lijuan, Yaohua Guo, Haijun Wang, Xuliang Yang, and Jijian Lian. "Research on Vibration Characteristics of an Underground Powerhouse of Large Pumped-Storage Power Station." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 19, 2022): 9637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249637.

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With the rapid development of pumped storage, the vibration problems caused by the operation of power stations have become increasingly prominent. In this paper, a large-scale pumped-storage power station is taken as the research object, and a three-dimensional refined finite element model of the underground powerhouse including the surrounding rock mass is established. Based on the analysis of the vibration source of the powerhouse and the water diversion pipeline, the modal and dynamic response analysis of the underground powerhouse of the hydropower station is carried out, and the distribution law of the larger vibration displacement position is revealed. The calculation results show that under the premise that the vibration source is selected reasonably and the numerical model is accurate, the main frequency of the underground powerhouse structure can be obtained more accurately. After optimizing the design of the underground powerhouse based on the calculation results, the resonance problem of the underground powerhouse of the hydropower station can be avoided. The dynamic elastic modulus of the rock mass around the underground powerhouse has little influence on the mode shape of the powerhouse, but has a great influence on its fundamental frequency. When the dynamic elastic modulus of the rock mass increases by 50%, the fundamental frequency of the plant increases by about 29%. At the same time, the mode shape of each order of the underground powerhouse structure does not change much, mainly manifested as the vibration of the beam system structure, which is mainly caused by the stiffness of the beam system components being much smaller than the structural stiffness of the windshield, machine pier, and mass concrete around the volute. The research results can provide references for the design of underground powerhouses of large-scale pumped-storage power stations and the analysis of vibration problems.
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Быстров, Andrey Bystrov, Юсим, Vyacheslav Yusim, Филиппов, and V. Filippov. "Economic Potential of Pumped-Storage Hydroelectric Power Plants." Economics of the Firm 4, no. 3 (September 17, 2015): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/17591.

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The article deals with questions of using pumped-storage hydroelectric power plants in electrical power system. Maneuverable reserve of Russian electrical power system is exhausted; therefore further development is able only with the presence of storage plants in the system which will allow getting additional volume of electricity with existent generative power stations. However, low return of investment slows down construction of storage plants. PSP exert a powerful economic effect on system which is undervalued. Therefore for ensuring a return on investment it is necessary to revise system of economic relations within industry when using system utilities.
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Zhang, Chu, Chaoshun Li, Tian Peng, Xin Xia, Xiaoming Xue, Wenlong Fu, and Jianzhong Zhou. "Modeling and Synchronous Optimization of Pump Turbine Governing System Using Sparse Robust Least Squares Support Vector Machine and Hybrid Backtracking Search Algorithm." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 10, 2018): 3108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113108.

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In view of the complex and changeable operating environment of pumped storage power stations and the noise and outliers in the modeling data, this study proposes a sparse robust least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) model based on the hybrid backtracking search algorithm for the model identification of a pumped turbine governing system. By introducing the maximum linearly independent set, the sparsity of the support vectors of the LSSVM model are realized, and the complexity is reduced. The robustness of the identification model to noise and outliers is enhanced using the weighted function based on improved normal distribution. In order to further improve the accuracy and generalization performance of the sparse robust LSSVM identification model, the model input variables, the kernel parameters, and the regularization parameters are optimized synchronously using a binary-real coded backtracking search algorithm. Experiments on two benchmark problems and a real-world application of a pumped turbine governing system in a pumped storage power station in China show that the proposed sparse robust LSSVM model optimized by the hybrid backtracking search algorithm can not only obtain higher identification accuracy, it also has better robustness and a higher generalization performance compared with the other existing models.
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Vokhmyanin, V. M., and V. M. Plotnikov. "Role and significance of pumped-storage stations in the power industry." Hydrotechnical Construction 33, no. 10 (October 1999): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02764539.

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30

Zhang, Yangyang, Bin Li, Youxiong Deng, Chunjie Lian, and Jingde Wang. "Optimal Configuration of Photovoltaic-wind-storage Microgrid for Agricultural Irrigation in Mountainous Areas." E3S Web of Conferences 256 (2021): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125602024.

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Water and electricity supply for irrigation is difficult in remote mountainous areas. This paper explores agricultural irrigation systems’ integration mechanism, pumped storage power plants, and renewable power sources in mountainous areas to solve this problem. It establishes a microgrid power supply system with multiple complementary energy sources according to local conditions. By analyzing the load of agricultural irrigation in mountainous areas, the irrigation water consumption and electricity consumption are obtained. The capacity of pumped storage power stations, wind power, and photovoltaic power generation in the microgrid can be configured accordingly. They use the renewable power supply active power fluctuation rate index as a constraint and use the spectrum analysis method to calibrate the capacity configuration results. Finally, the scenic storage microgrid model is constructed and solved to minimize the microgrid’s grid connection cost. The algorithm shows that the proposed capacity allocation method can meet the irrigation load demand and realize the microgrid’s coordinated operation.
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31

Zhao, Weiguo, Shuo Li, Honggang Fan, and Liying Wang. "Fluctuation in the Water Level of the Air Hole of the Gate Shaft in the Pumped Storage Power Station." Processes 11, no. 3 (March 16, 2023): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11030905.

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In some pumped storage stations, water spray from the air hole occurs during load rejection. In order to avoid this phenomenon, it is necessary to study the change of the air hole water level during the transient process of the power station. A transient simulation of a pumped storage power station was carried out to study the variation in the maximum water level of the air hole and gate shaft. The transition process of a power station with or without a surge tank was analyzed, and the changes in the water level of the gate shaft and air hole were compared based on different gate shaft areas, and the influence of the gate shaft location on the changes in the water level of the gate shaft and air hole was determined. The following results were obtained: when the power station has a surge tank, the maximum water levels of the gate shaft and air hole are basically consistent; when the station has no surge tank, the maximum water level difference between the gate shaft and air hole gradually increases as the gate shaft area increases; the greater the distance between the gate shaft and inlet, the larger the maximum water level difference between the air hole and gate shaft; overflow measures for the air hole are required if the maximum water level of the air hole exceeds the design value.
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32

Lijun, Zhong, Ling Zhi, Shen Haocong, Ren Baoping, Shi Minda, and Huang Zhenyu. "The business model of 5G base station energy storage participating in demand response." E3S Web of Conferences 352 (2022): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235203002.

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To achieve the goal of “carbon peak, carbon neutralization”, the proportion of renewable energy access will continue to increase, which will bring a severe test to the balance adjustment ability of the new power system, and the demand for flexible adjustment and real-time balance of the power system will continue to increase. However, pumped storage power stations and grid-side energy storage facilities, which are flexible peak-shaving resources, have relatively high investment and operation costs. 5G base station energy storage to participate in demand response can share the cost of energy storage system construction by power companies and communication operators to achieve a win-win situation between the communication system and the power system. Based on the analysis of the feasibility and incremental cost of 5G communication base station energy storage participating in demand response projects, combined with the interest interaction mechanism of all parties in the project, this paper proposes a business model for 5G energy storage to participate in the grid collaboration and interaction to improve the profit model of various market players, thereby promoting the penetration rate of the project.
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33

Liu, Baonan, Mengyao Li, Yuan Yuan, and Jie Liu. "Unified Paradigm of Start-Up Strategy for Pumped Storage Hydropower Stations: Variable Universe Fuzzy PID Controller and Integrated Operation Optimization." Energies 17, no. 13 (July 4, 2024): 3293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17133293.

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A pumped storage unit is a crucial guarantee in the pursuit of increased clean energy, especially in the progressively severe circumstances of low energy utilization and poor coordination of the integration of volatile renewable energy. However, due to their bidirectional operation design, pumped turbines possess an S-characteristic attribution, wherein the unsteady phenomena of unit vibration, pressure pulsation, and cavitation erosion happen during the start-up process and greatly impact the stable connection to the power grid. Therefore, a systematic study concentrating on an optimal unified paradigm of a start-up strategy for a pumped storage plant is conducted. Model construction, effective analysis, controller design, and collaborative optimization are sequentially expounded. Firstly, a refined start-up nonlinear model of a pumped storage plant with complex boundary conditions is constructed, wherein the delay time of frequency measurement, saturation, and dead zone features are comprehensively taken account. Furthermore, a variable universe fuzzy PID controller and its operation laws are proposed and specifically designed for the speed governing system of the pumped storage plant; the control quality and anti-disturbance performance are verified by a no-load frequency disturbance experiment. On this basis, taking speed overshoot for stationarity and speed rising time for rapidity, a novel open–close loop collaborative fuzzy control strategy is proposed with rotational speed feedback and a variable universe fuzzy PID control. The experiment results show that the proposed unified paradigm has better control performance in various performance indexes, and more balanced control quality and dynamic performance under various complex start-up conditions, which has great application value for ensuring the unit’s timely response to the power grid regulation task and improving the operating stability of the power system.
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34

Wang, Zhixian, Ying Wang, Qia Ding, Chen Wang, and Kaifeng Zhang. "Energy Storage Economic Analysis of Multi-Application Scenarios in an Electricity Market: A Case Study of China." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 20, 2020): 8703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208703.

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Energy storage has attracted more and more attention for its advantages in ensuring system safety and improving renewable generation integration. In the context of China’s electricity market restructuring, the economic analysis, including the cost and benefit analysis, of the energy storage with multi-applications is urgent for the market policy design in China. This paper uses an income statement based on the energy storage cost–benefit model to analyze the economic benefits of energy storage under multi-application scenarios (capacity, energy, and frequency regulation markets) in China’s future electricity market. The results show that the economic benefits of energy storage can be improved by joining in the capacity market (if it exists in the future) and increasing participation in the frequency regulation market. Nevertheless, the benefits under multi-application scenarios can hardly guarantee the cost recovery of energy storage under the current market mechanism or at the current price levels. Moreover, the economic benefits under different subsidy policies are studied, and the results show that energy storage can recover the cost with appropriate subsidy policies (the subsidy of 0.071 USD/kWh for pumped storage power stations is sufficient while the subsidy of 0.142 USD/kWh is required for electrochemical power stations). Finally, the sensitivity analysis of an energy storage power station to different price levels is carried out considering the difference in electricity price between China and the United States.
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35

Xu, Lingjun, Zhihua Liu, and Shuqing Zheng. "Exploration on planning and development of pumped storage power stations in China." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 781, no. 4 (May 1, 2021): 042058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/781/4/042058.

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36

Kaminosono, Hiroshi, and Fumio Arakawa. "History Study on the Construction of Pumped Storage Power Stations in Japan." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 124, no. 8 (2004): 727–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.124.727.

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37

Papaefthimiou, S., E. Karamanou, S. Papathanassiou, and M. Papadopoulos. "Operating policies for wind-pumped storage hybrid power stations in island grids." IET Renewable Power Generation 3, no. 3 (2009): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2008.0071.

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38

Papaefthymiou, Stefanos V., Vasileios G. Lakiotis, Ioannis D. Margaris, and Stavros A. Papathanassiou. "Dynamic analysis of island systems with wind-pumped-storage hybrid power stations." Renewable Energy 74 (February 2015): 544–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.08.062.

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39

Papaefthymiou, Stefanos V., and Stavros A. Papathanassiou. "Optimum sizing of wind-pumped-storage hybrid power stations in island systems." Renewable Energy 64 (April 2014): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2013.10.047.

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40

Mikulski, Zdzisław. "The Development of the Utilisation of Water Power in Poland." Miscellanea Geographica 11, no. 1 (December 1, 2004): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2004-0021.

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Abstract First hydroelectric power stations in Poland were built in 19th century, mostly in the region of Podhale (Carpathian tributaries of the Vistula River) and in the Old Polish Industrial District (for the needs of the iron and steel industry) from the initiative of Stanisław Staszic. They were used in mills and saw mills, for home lighting in settlements, etc. After World War I two medium size hydroelectric power stations were constructed in Pomerania (Gródek and Żar) and the construction of a dam (at that time the largest in Europe) was started in Rożnów on the Dunajec River (50 MW); the hydroelectric power station was opened as late as 1941. A small growth in this field took place in the 1950s and 1960s, and in the late 1960s / early 1970s large hydroelectric power stations were built (Solina, Włocławek, Żydowo). The largest growth occurred in the late 1980s and early 1990s, when the two giant peak-load, pumped-storage power stations were put into operation (Porąbka-Żar: 500 MW and Żarnowiec: 680 MW), reaching the total power of 2000 MW. The most recent two large installations are: Czorsztyn-Niedzica (92 MW, 1997) and the modernisation of Solina (200 MW, 2003).
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41

Qin, Xinzhan, Yu Zhou, and Manchao He. "Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Water Bearing Sandstone under Stable Cyclic Loading and Unloading." Shock and Vibration 2020 (July 28, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9472656.

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Due to the adjustment of energy structure, a large number of coal mines are abandoned. Considering the environmental and economic effects, many experts proposed to use the abandoned mine cavern as the reservoir of the pumped storage power station. Furthermore, considering the long-term effects of repeated pumping and drainage and hydrodynamic pressure on the surrounding rock in coal mines, a large amount of sandstone was collected from the Ruineng coal mine in Yan’an city to carry out a series of laboratory tests. Through uniaxial compression testing of rock samples with different water content rates, combined with acoustic emission (AE) analysis, the strength softening and macrodeformation characteristics are obtained, and the influence of water content on acoustic emission characteristics is clarified. The mechanical properties of water bearing rock under cyclic loading and unloading experiments with varying upper limits are obtained using a triaxial test system, and the precursory information of rock failure is captured, providing significant guidance for stability analysis and instability warning for surrounding rock in pumped storage power stations.
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42

Su, Zhihe, Yanfeng Li, and Wei Tian. "Study on ventilation effect for a large space in an underground hydropower station." E3S Web of Conferences 356 (2022): 02021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235602021.

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Due to the urgent need for reducing carbon emissions, an increasing number of pumped storage power stations have been constructed and used considering its obvious advantages of energy saving. However, relevant design guidance and technical research failed to meet the development demand. There is only a small number of studies focusing on the prediction and evaluation of ventilation system in singlestory stations, however, little on the integral connected plant floors. Thus, it is significant to study safety operation technology of deep underground pumped storage power stations, especially in terms of thermal and humidity environment. A reduced-scale (1/30) model based on an engineering project was set up, and numerical simulations were carried out to study the temperature and velocity distribution in the large underground space under the summer design condition (L=21.1×104m3/s, T=19°C, Q=997KW). Results show that the temperature on the right side of the powerhouse is slightly higher than that on the left side, and the gap is approximately from 1°C to 4°C. Moreover, local overheating may occur in some places. The side air supply velocity and location should be paid more attention to in designing air distribution.
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43

Jing, Maogui, Yongjin Cheng, Zheng Li, Chao Gong, and Zhongluan Yan. "An Analysis of Two Case Studies on the Construction of Underground Caverns-A Focus on the Tiantai Pumped Storage Station." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2736, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2736/1/012022.

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Abstract This paper presents a numerical analysis of two case studies on the construction of underground caverns by FLAC3D, with a specific focus on the Tiantai Pumped Storage Power Station. During the construction period, two main problems, which are crane beam stability and rock support, have been numerically analysed and addressed. The first case study examines the influence of rock wall crane beam support on excavation stability. It has been proven that The reinforcement of connected concrete enhances integrity but may lead to localized cracking. Moreover, over-excavation reinforcement marginally improves anchor safety. The second case study investigates abnormal anchor stress in a powerhouse resulting from excavation. Recommended measures include conducting timely stability evaluations, identifying weakened zones to control rock stress relaxation effects, and establishing effective feedback mechanisms. By enhancing the safety of pumped storage power stations, promoting sustainable energy infrastructure, and improving the design and construction processes of such stations, this research paper aims to contribute to the overall development and success of these projects. In conclusion, the paper has discussed the rock wall crane beam stability and rock support effect, which implement the lack of this type of numerical analysis in underground cavern group construction. Also, it is recommended to accurately determine the rock mass mechanics parameters and timely support the excavated spaces to prevent abnormal increases in anchor stress.
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44

Chen, Xin, Renjun Xiao, and Jiankai Ma. "Optimal Scheduling of Pumped Storage Power Station Based on Immune Ant Colony Algorithm." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2488, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2488/1/012016.

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Abstract At present, in the application of hydropower for multi-energy complementary, the utilization of large hydropower stations and pumped storage power stations is mainly considered. The utilization of small hydropower stations is relatively scarce. The use of small hydropower can implement complementary regulation of distributed energy nearby, which is very conducive to distributed power consumption. This paper proposes an improved genetic immune ant colony optimization algorithm to find the optimal solution. To solve the shortcomings of the ant colony algorithm in the early stage, such as the weak ability to traverse all paths, easy falling into a premature and local optimum, and slow convergence speed, a genetic algorithm is applied to initialize the genetic factor. It can dynamically adjust the step factor and introduce the genetic immune ant colony with a momentum coefficient when updating the position to search for the optimal solution. The penalty function is adopted to solve the model, and the specific steps are given. Through the comparative test of the algorithm, it is verified that the algorithm proposed has a better effect on the optimal solution, the shortest occupied time, good reliability, and strong optimization ability. It is of great practical significance to the scientific evaluation of the water resource’s eco-economic system.
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45

Urishev, Boboraim, Muradilla Mukhammadiev, Abdurauf Abduaziz uulu, and Hojiakbar Murodov. "Use of large irrigation pumping stations for highly manual daily regulation of capacities in the energy system of the Republic of Uzbekistan." E3S Web of Conferences 264 (2021): 04057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126404057.

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Information about the problems arising from the uneven production and consumption of energy in power systems, including in the power system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, is given on the example of a daily electrical load schedule. It is noted that to successfully solve these problems, energy is accumulated in the hours of minimum consumption so that it can be used in peak hours with high consumption, and for this purpose, pumped storage power plants are used. A diagram of hydraulic energy storage is given at large pumping stations used to accumulate water in the upper reservoir in hours of minimum loads, and the accumulated volume of water is directed to generate energy, which can be used by pumping stations to supply additional water to its consumers, replenishing its losses in hours of hydraulic energy storage. The method of selection and optimization of the main parameters of this complex, based on minimizing fuel consumption in power plants while limiting the amount of accumulated energy based on the capabilities of water and energy resources of pumping stations, is presented. The calculations using the example of the Syrdarya thermal power plant show that with the integration of five nearby pumping stations into the process of energy storage and generation, significant cost savings are achieved, and the daily load schedule is significantly leveled.
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46

Zhang, Yuanmei, Wenfang Yu, Yi Lei, Haibo Li, Keteng Jiang, Weiguo Hu, Yu Lu, and Han Li. "Cost Diversion Strategies for Pumped-Storage Tariffs for New Power Systems." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010515.

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Pumped-storage plants are the most significant electrical storage component in new power systems and show great potential for scaling up. In this paper, economic costs and benefits have been investigated. Both the costs and benefits can be divided into transmission and distribution tariffs; however, various factors need to be considered to reduce costs in transmission and distribution tariffs. The cost characterization methodology for pumped-storage power plants has been developed. A mathematical model for dispersal through the medium and long-term electricity market, the electricity spot market, the ancillary services market, and the leasing of capacity to scenic power stations has been proposed. A case study has been discussed for a regional grid company and a provincial grid company; also, the effectiveness of dispersal has been analyzed based on the case study. The results indicate that when the spot market and the capacity leasing of new energy sites play the largest role in the diversion, the transmission and distribution prices in Province A can be controlled within 1 cent/kWh by applying various diversion methods.
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47

Yang, Chao, Zhenzhong Shen, Jiacheng Tan, and Gehang Li. "Analytical method for estimating leakage of reservoir basins for pumped storage power stations." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 80, no. 6 (April 25, 2021): 5145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10064-021-02247-w.

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48

钟, 娜. "Economic Analysis on Building Pumped-Storage Stations for Consuming More Nuclear Power Effectively." Advances in Energy and Power Engineering 07, no. 06 (2019): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/aepe.2019.76012.

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49

Kong, Yigang, Zhigang Kong, Zhiqi Liu, Congmei Wei, Jingfang Zhang, and Gaocheng An. "Pumped storage power stations in China: The past, the present, and the future." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 71 (May 2017): 720–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.12.100.

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50

Xue, Feifei, Chang Xu, Wenzhong Shen, and Linmin Li. "Ventilation in pumped storage power stations: Influence of dehumidifiers in an underground tunnel." Applied Thermal Engineering 172 (May 2020): 115162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115162.

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