Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pulse asymmetric current

Academic literature on the topic 'Pulse asymmetric current'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Pulse asymmetric current"

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Kandratsyeu, Aleh, Uladzimir Sabaleuski, Luis Redondo, and Andrei G. Pakhomov. "Four Channel 6.5 kV, 65 A, 100 ns–100 µs Generator with Advanced Control of Pulse and Burst Protocols for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 11, 2021): 11782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411782.

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Pulsed electric fields in the sub-microsecond range are being increasingly used in biomedical and biotechnology applications, where the demand for high-voltage and high-frequency pulse generators with enhanced performance and pulse flexibility is pushing the limits of pulse power solid state technology. In the scope of this article, a new pulsed generator, which includes four independent MOSFET based Marx modulators, operating individually or combined, controlled from a computer user interface, is described. The generator is capable of applying different pulse shapes, from unipolar to bipolar pulses into biological loads, in symmetric and asymmetric modes, with voltages up to 6.5 kV and currents up to 65 A, in pulse widths from 100 ns to 100 µs, including short-circuit protection, current and voltage monitoring. This new scientific tool can open new research possibility due to the flexibility it provides in pulse generation, particularly in adjusting pulse width, polarity, and amplitude from pulse-to-pulse. It also permits operating in burst mode up to 5 MHz in four independent channels, for example in the application of synchronized asymmetric bipolar pulses, which is shown together with other characteristics of the generator.
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Shirokova, N., G. Pizarro, and E. Ríos. "A damped oscillation in the intramembranous charge movement and calcium release flux of frog skeletal muscle fibers." Journal of General Physiology 104, no. 3 (September 1, 1994): 449–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.104.3.449.

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Asymmetric membrane currents and calcium transients were recorded simultaneously from cut segments of frog skeletal muscle fibers voltage clamped in a double Vaseline-gap chamber in the presence of high concentration of EGTA intracellularly. An inward phase of asymmetric currents following the hump component was observed in all fibers during the depolarization pulse to selected voltages (congruent to -45 mV). The average value of the peak inward current was 0.1 A/F (SEM = 0.01, n = 18), and the time at which it occurred was 34 ms (SEM = 1.8, n = 18). A second delayed outward phase of asymmetric current was observed after the inward phase, in those experiments in which hump component and inward phase were large. It peaked at more variable time (between 60 and 130 ms) with amplitude 0.02 A/F (SEM = 0.003, n = 11). The transmembrane voltage during a pulse, measured with a glass microelectrode, reached its steady value in less than 10 ms and showed no oscillations. The potential was steady at the time when the delayed component of asymmetric current occurred. ON and OFF charge transfers were equal for all pulse durations. The inward phase moved 1.4 nC/microF charge (SEM = 0.8, n = 6), or about one third of the final value of charge mobilized by these small pulses, and the second outward phase moved 0.7 nC/microF (SEM = 0.8, n = 6), bringing back about half of the charge moved during the inward phase. When repolarization intersected the peak of the inward phase, the OFF charge transfer was independent of the repolarization voltage in the range -60 to -90 mV. When both pre- and post-pulse voltages were changed between -120 mV and -60 mV, the equality of ON and OFF transfers of charge persisted, although they changed from 113 to 81% of their value at -90 mV. The three delayed phases in asymmetric current were also observed in experiments in which the extracellular solution contained Cd2+, La3+ and no Ca2+. Large increases in intracellular [Cl-] were imposed, and had no major effect on the delayed components of the asymmetric current. The Ca2+ transients measured optically and the calculated Ca2+ release fluxes had three phases whenever a visible outward phase followed the inward phase in the asymmetric current. Several interventions intended to interfere with Ca release, reduced or eliminated the three delayed phases of the asymmetric current.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Baláž, P., M. Gmitra, and J. Barnaś. "Current-Pulse-Induced Switching οf Asymmetric Spin Valves." Acta Physica Polonica A 115, no. 10 (January 2009): 278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.115.278.

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Duving, V. G., Ivan Alekseevich Kazarinov, and Marina Mikhailovna Burashnikova. "A Device for Charging of a Sulfated Lead-Acid Battery by Pulse Asymmetric Current." Electrochemical Energetics 12, no. 1 (2012): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1608-4039-2012-12-1-21-24.

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The capabilities of our designed charging device for charging of lead-acid batteries with sulfated plates by pulse asymmetric current were tested experimentally. The principle of the considered charging mode is based on alternation of short high-amplitude pulses of the charging current with discharging current pulses with their sequence frequency being multiple of the alternating current frequency in Russia (50 Hz). The designed device enables effective charging of lead-acid batteries with deeply sulfated plates, and is suitable for primary battery formation of lead-acid batteries and for restoration of the initial capacity of batteries in the process of their long-term exploitation.
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Rapp, J., P. Braun, W. Hemmert, and B. Gleich. "Optimal pulse configuration for peripheral inductive nerve stimulation." Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express 8, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): 025020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2057-1976/ac52d8.

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Abstract Peripheral magnetic stimulation is a promising technique for several applications like rehabilitation or diagnose of neuronal pathways. However, most available magnetic stimulation devices are designed for transcranial stimulation and require high-power, expensive hardware. Modern technology such as rectangular pulses allows to adapt parameters like pulse shape and duration in order to reduce the required energy. Nevertheless, the effect of different temporal electromagnetic field shapes on neuronal structures is not yet fully understood. We created a simulation environment to find out how peripheral nerves are affected by induced magnetic fields and what pulse shapes have the lowest energy requirements. Using the electric field distribution of a figure-of-8 coil together with an axon model in saline solution, we calculated the potential along the axon and determined the required threshold current to elicit an action potential. Further, for the purpose of selective stimulation, we investigated different axon diameters. Our results show that rectangular pulses have the lowest thresholds at a pulse duration of 20 μs. For sinusoidal coil currents, the optimal pulse duration was found to be 40 μs. Most importantly, with an asymmetric rectangular pulse, the coil current could be reduced from 2.3 kA (cosine shaped pulse) to 600 A. In summary, our results indicate that for magnetic nerve stimulation the use of rectangular pulse shapes holds the potential to reduce the required coil current by a factor of 4, which would be a massive improvement.
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Pizarro, G., L. Csernoch, I. Uribe, M. Rodríguez, and E. Ríos. "The relationship between Q gamma and Ca release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle." Journal of General Physiology 97, no. 5 (May 1, 1991): 913–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.97.5.913.

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Asymmetric membrane currents and fluxes of Ca2+ release were determined in skeletal muscle fibers voltage clamped in a Vaseline-gap chamber. The conditioning pulse protocol 1 for suppressing Ca2+ release and the "hump" component of charge movement current (I gamma), described in the first paper of this series, was applied at different test pulse voltages. The amplitude of the current suppressed during the ON transient reached a maximum at slightly suprathreshold test voltages (-50 to -40 mV) and decayed at higher voltages. The component of charge movement current suppressed by 20 microM tetracaine also went through a maximum at low pulse voltages. This anomalous voltage dependence is thus a property of I gamma, defined by either the conditioning protocol or the tetracaine effect. A negative (inward-going) phase was often observed in the asymmetric current during the ON of depolarizing pulses. This inward phase was shown to be an intramembranous charge movement based on (a) its presence in the records of total membrane current, (b) its voltage dependence, with a maximum at slightly suprathreshold voltages, (c) its association with a "hump" in the asymmetric current, (d) its inhibition by interventions that reduce the "hump", (e) equality of ON and OFF areas in the records of asymmetric current presenting this inward phase, and (f) its kinetic relationship with the time derivative of Ca release flux. The nonmonotonic voltage dependence of the amplitude of the hump and the possibility of an inward phase of intramembranous charge movement are used as the main criteria in the quantitative testing of a specific model. According to this model, released Ca2+ binds to negatively charged sites on the myoplasmic face of the voltage sensor and increases the local transmembrane potential, thus driving additional charge movement (the hump). This model successfully predicts the anomalous voltage dependence and all the kinetic properties of I gamma described in the previous papers. It also accounts for the inward phase in total asymmetric current and in the current suppressed by protocol 1. According to this model, I gamma accompanies activating transitions at the same set of voltage sensors as I beta. Therefore it should open additional release channels, which in turn should cause more I gamma, providing a positive feedback mechanism in the regulation of calcium release.
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Pirc, Eva, Damijan Miklavčič, Katja Uršič, Gregor Serša, and Matej Reberšek. "High-Frequency and High-Voltage Asymmetric Bipolar Pulse Generator for Electroporation Based Technologies and Therapies." Electronics 10, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101203.

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Currently, in high-frequency electroporation, much progress has been made but limited to research groups with custom-made laboratory prototype electroporators. According to the review of electroporators and economic evaluations, there is still an area of pulse parameters that needs to be investigated. The development of an asymmetric bipolar pulse generator with a maximum voltage of 4 kV and minimum duration time of a few hundred nanoseconds, would enable in vivo evaluation of biological effects of high-frequency electroporation pulses. Herein, from a series of most commonly used drivers and optical isolations in high-voltage pulse generators the one with optimal characteristics was used. In addition, the circuit topology of the developed device is described in detail. The developed device is able to generate 4 kV pulses, with theoretical 131 A maximal current and 200 ns minimal pulse duration, the maximal pulse repetition rate is 2 MHz and the burst maximal repetition rate is 1 MHz. The device was tested in vivo. The effectiveness of electrochemotherapy of high-frequency electroporation pulses is compared to “classical” electrochemotherapy pulses. In vivo electrochemotherapy with high-frequency electroporation pulses was at least as effective as with “classical” well-established electric pulses, resulting in 86% and 50% complete responses, respectively. In contrast to previous reports, however, muscle contractions were comparable between the two protocols.
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Шашкин, И. С., А. Ю. Лешко, Д. Н. Николаев, В. В. Шамахов, Н. А. Рудова, К. В. Бахвалов, А. В. Лютецкий, et al. "Излучательные характеристики мощных полупроводниковых лазеров (1060 нм) с узким мезаполосковым контактом на основе асимметричных гетероструктур AlGaAs/GaAs с широким волноводом." Физика и техника полупроводников 54, no. 4 (2020): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2020.04.49149.9333.

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Light characteristics of narrow-stripe lasers (5.5 m) based on asymmetric AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures are studied. It was shown that the maximum optical power achieved under continuous-wave (CW) operation is limited by thermal heating and reaches 1695 mW at a current of 2350 mA at +25°C, and the maximum efficiency reaches 54.8 %. By reducing the operating temperature to -8°C, we were able to increase the maximum power to 2 W. A peak power of 2930 mW was obtained under pulsed operation (pulse width 240 ns, amplitude 4230 mA). It is shown there is a region of an “optical dip” in the power profile with a low-efficiency lasing of a train of pulses of sub-ns duration under pulsed operation.
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Bao, Han, Aihuang Hu, and Wenbo Liu. "Bipolar Pulse-Induced Coexisting Firing Patterns in Two-Dimensional Hindmarsh–Rose Neuron Model." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 29, no. 01 (January 2019): 1950006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127419500068.

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In this paper, a bipolar pulse (BP) current is taken to mimic a periodic stimulus effect on the membrane potential in the axon of a neuron. By introducing the BP current to substitute the externally applied constant current, a BP-forced two-dimensional Hindmarsh–Rose (HR) neuron model is proposed. Based on the proposed neuron model, the BP-switched equilibrium point and its stability evolution with the periodic variation in time are explored. Furthermore, coexisting asymmetric attractors (or coexisting firing patterns) with bistability are revealed by phase plane orbits, time sequences, and attraction basins, as well as the BP-induced coexisting asymmetric attractors’ behaviors are then elaborated through bifurcation analysis. The research results exhibit that, with the increase of the time, the stabilities of the neuron model are continually switched between an unstable node-focus and a stable point, resulting in the coexisting behaviors of numerous asymmetric attractors under the specified initials. Consequently, the newly introduced BP current stimulus, instead of the original constant current stimulus, allows the two-dimensional HR neuron model to possess complex dynamical behaviors for the membrane potential. Additionally, a hardware breadboard is fabricated and circuit experiments are carried out to validate the numerical simulations.
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Demiyan, V. V., E. A. Zelenskaya, and N. P. Shabelskaya. "Electrolytic Behavior of Nickel in Polarization by Variable Asymmetric Rectangular Current in Alkaline Solutions." Solid State Phenomena 299 (January 2020): 1010–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.299.1010.

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The paper presents experimental data on nickel oxidation during electrolysis under rectangular alternating current in alkaline solutions, when the cathode pulse (Iк ) is greater than the anode pulse ( Iа ). During the process, intense nickel destruction occurs forming bivalent oxide powder. Under prolonged electrolysis, this powder deposits at the bottom of the electrolyzer in the form of a sponge. The results obtained can be used to produce active mass in the porous nickel oxide electrode of a chemical current source.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pulse asymmetric current"

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Миколаєць, Дмитро Анатолійович. "Фільтро-компенсуючий перетворювач в системі гарантованого електроживлення." Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2015. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/17617.

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Дисертація присвячена розробці теоретичних і практичних засад побудови системи гарантованого електроживлення на базі фільтро-компенсуючого перетворювача. В роботі розроблено математичні моделі та виведено аналітичні вирази, які дозволяють визначити основні параметри силової частини фільтро-компенсуючого перетворювача, а також законів його керування, при функціонуванні з системою заряду акумулятора. Запропонована система електроживлення на базі фільтро-компенсуючого перетворювача здатна виконувати як функцію джерела безперебійного живлення, так і компенсатора реактивної потужності. З використанням методу розрахунку системи за середніми значеннями струмів та напруг при врахуванні відношення між енергіями навантаження та заряду акумулятора розраховані параметри реактивних елементів та величини задавальних струмів та напруг, необхідних для забезпечення ефективної роботи системи. Спрощені методи розрахунку напруги конденсатора фільтро-компенсуючого перетворювача з використанням регулювальних характеристик та балансу енергій, а також амплітуди вхідного струму дозволяють значно знизити затримку мікропроцесорної системи керування при обчисленні керуючих впливів. Використовуючи метод заряду акумулятора імпульсним асиметричним струмом, забезпечується подовження терміну служби батарей. В системі гарантованого електроживлення на базі фільтро-компенсуючого перетворювача необхідно враховувати збільшення ємності накопичувального конденсатора. Основні теоретичні викладки роботи підтверджуються результатами комп’ютерного моделювання.
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Book chapters on the topic "Pulse asymmetric current"

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Denman, C. A., and L. A. Schlie. "Sensitive High-Temporal-Resolution Tof Electron Drift Tube; Asymmetrical Current Pulse Observation and Determination of Vd, DLand D3." In Nonequilibrium Effects in Ion and Electron Transport, 359. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0661-0_31.

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Liu, Chang, Lin Zhu, Lai-Guo Wang, and Ai-Dong Li. "Artificial Synapses Based on Atomic/Molecular Layer Deposited Bilayer-Structured Memristive Thin Films." In Memristors [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97753.

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This chapter deals with several kinds of ultrathin bilayer-structured memristors, such as Pt/Al2O3/HfO2/TiN, Pt/HfO2/HfOx/TiN, Pt/TiO2/Ti-based maleic acid (Ti-MA)/TaN, among which the asymmetric memristive functional layers were designed and prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) or molecular layer deposition (MLD) technique. These bilayer memristors exhibit a typical bipolar resistive switching characteristic, in accord with the space charge limited current model. Some important biologic synaptic functions have been achieved, including nonlinear transmission characteristics, spike-timing-dependent plasticity, short−/long-term plasticity, paired-pulse facilitation, and conditioned reflex. The mechanism of bilayer memristive device has been proposed based on oxygen vacancies migration/diffusion model. Above all the ultrathin bilayer memristors fabricated by low temperature ALD/MLD are one competitive candidate for neuromorphic simulation and flexible electronic applications.
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Conference papers on the topic "Pulse asymmetric current"

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Huang, Xiping, Guitao Chen, Qiang Sun, and Degui Shen. "Research on High-Frequency Asymmetric Pulse Power Supply of Current Source." In 2010 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec.2010.5448832.

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Lanz, Brigitte, and Juha T. Kostamovaara. "Current pulse investigation toward optimal pumping of a gain-switched asymmetric waveguide laser diode." In SPIE Defense + Security, edited by Mark Dubinskii and Stephen G. Post. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2050238.

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Alexandrov, Leonid, Mikhail Emelin, and Mikhail Ryabikin. "Excitation of Residual Current by Femtosecond Laser Pulses in Gas of Asymmetric Molecules." In High Intensity Lasers and High Field Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/hilas.2012.jt2a.56.

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