Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Puissance limite'
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Weber, Yann. "Conception d'une nouvelle génération de transistor FLYMOS vertical de puissance dépassant la limite conventionnelle du silicium." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00807836.
Full textWeber, Yann. "Conception d'une nouvelle génération de transistor FLYMOS vertical de puissance dépassant la limite conventionnelle du silicium." Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1636/.
Full textIn a difficult worldwide energy environment, the improvement of electrical energy management is very key. The transfer of this electric energy is provided through power systems integrating principally power semiconductors devices. Since many years, the optimization process has focused on the reduction of conduction losses. In this context, the power MOSFET transistors performances are expressed through the "breakdown voltage (BVdss) / specific on-resistance (RON. S)" trade-off. To improve it, innovative concepts such as Superjonctions or Floating Islands have been developed and, as a result, have drastically reduced the on-resistance. The research presented in this thesis focused on the achievement of FLYMOS transistors incorporating up to two levels of P-type floating islands in the N- epitaxial region. For the first time, the shape and size of the floating islands were determined with an original physical characterization. In addition, the FLYMOS boundaries have been defined using electric dynamic characterizations. Thanks to these first studies, phenomenological understanding of this kind of component has allowed the development of an optimization process. Thus, FLYMOS transistors sustaining voltage of 230 V has been successfully developed and their specific on-resistance of 4,5 m[omega]. Cm2 overcomes the conventional silicon limit. Finally, a complete electrical characterization of these devices allowed to show that there are a good alternative to 200 V Superjunction devices
MORANCHO, Frederic. "De nouvelles limites pour le compromis "résistance passante spécifique/tenue en tension" des composants unipolaires de puissance." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010475.
Full textChatagnon, Michel. "Modélisation de la relation entre puissance et temps limite et évaluation de la contribution de la production d’énergie aérobie et anaérobie lors d’exercices intenses." Saint-Etienne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STET004T.
Full textSmerlak, Matteo. "Divergence des mousses de spins : Comptage de puissances et resommation dans le modèle plat." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22115/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study the flat model, the main buidling block for the spinfoam ap- proach to quantum gravity, with an emphasis on its divergences. Besides a personal introduction to the problem of quantum gravity, the manuscript consists in two part. In the first one, we establish an exact powercounting formula for the bubble divergences of the flat model, using tools from discrete gauge theory and twisted cohomology. In the second one, we address the issue of spinfoam continuum limit, both from the lattice field theory and the group field theory perspectives. In particular, we put forward a new proof of the Borel summability of the Boulatov-Freidel-Louapre model, with an improved control over the large-spin scaling behaviour. We conclude with an outlook of the renormalization program in spinfoam quantum gravity
Crispel, Pierre. "Modélisation mathématique et simulation de la transition d'une décharge électrostatique primaire vers un arc électrique secondaire entretenu par la puissance photovoltaïque d'un générateur solaire de satellite." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ESAE0021.
Full textEl, Guezar Fatima. "Modélisation et simulation des systèmes dynamiques hybrides affines par morceaux : exemples en électronique de puissance." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000316/.
Full textPiecewise affine hybrid systems are an important and simple class of hybrid dynamical systems. A piecewise affine system is composed of several dynamical affine subsystems and of switching rules that decide the behavior of the active subsystem during each switching interval. Recently, it has been shown that this class of systems is very rich in nonlinear phenomena such as bifurcations and chaos. Piecewise affine hybrid systems arise in many engineering applications such as DC-DC converters. Modeling of such converters is given using classical averaged or discrete models. However, a possible approach to analyze these circuits can be done using hybrid models. The behavior of a hybrid system is based on events' existence. Simulation which is a simple tool to analyze these systems, requires an algorithm that gives exact switched dates. Existing detection techniques, that are essentially based on approximated schemes, may lose some events and then diverge drastically from the real trajectory of the simulated hybrid system. Our aim within this thesis is to provide a fast and accurate simulation tool of 2nd order planar piecewise hybrid systems, which is based on analytical expressions of solutions. Our semi-analytic approach gives switching instants of state event and periodic temporal events. Our algorithm is implemented in a Scicos toolbox, another alternative in Matlab is also available
Martin, Marie Claude. "Transition aérobie-anaérobie au cours de l'exercice sous maximal sur tapis roulant : analyse critique physiologique à partir de l'étude des effets d'un préexercice sur la cinétique de la lactatémie lors d'un exercice de puissance limite aérobie." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100074.
Full textNumerous authors have tried to give a signification to the blood lactate concentration value using exercise lacticaemia and power relationship. These studies have pointed out the concepts of aerobic anaerobic transition zone and "anaerobic threshold". But information’s given by threshold methods have showed that these methods were not reliable. The aim of the present study is : - to study the influence of a supramaximal pre-exercise on the lacti caemia kinetic during an exertion with an intensity that could be situated in the aerobic-anaerobic transition zone : and particular by defining this zone in comparison with Mader's maximal lactate steady state", and the individual anaerobic threshold" (iat) of Simon and al. - and to define a procedure which allow the determination of the maximal intensity corresponding to lactate steady state. The results obtained during 4 experimental protocols confirm that: 1- experimental conditions is the most important factor of lactate kinetic change (pre-exercise effects). 2- neither the iat, nor the "4 mmol. 1-1 threshold" can be considered as "maximal lactate steady state"
Koteiche, Ali. "Développement de récupérateurs d’énergie sans fil à base de transducteurs magnétoélectriques pour des applications biomédicales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS036.
Full textE-Health and the Internet of Things (IoT) are two growing markets, related to each other by the interconnection of nomadic objects for the “quantified self”, where each patient can perform his own physiological tests. To that purpose, one of the technological challenges lies in the power autonomy, since energy must be supplied to the system with a minimum interaction from the outside. Hence, the development of a wireless energy harvester has a very wide range of applications. In this context, magnetoelectric (ME) materials arouse a significant scientific interest as energy transducers to transform electromagnetic energy provided from the outside into electrical energy available to power the system. ME materials are laminar composites based on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive layers, generally glued together. The device is usually connected to an electrical interface via deposited electrodes. When the ME material is driven by an external magnetic field, magnetostrictive elements are subject to mechanical constraints and motion. This motion is then transferred to the piezoelectric element which generates a voltage between its electrodes. Then, the energy must be shaped (conditioned) and managed at the system level (power management). For piezoelectric energy harvesters, many optimization strategies already exist to maximize the power flow from the transducer to the energy storage unit. This optimization takes into account the impact of the energy harvesting circuit on the overall performances of the system. Yet, to this day, no optimal solution has been identified to fit the specific constraints imposed by magnetoelectric resonators. Taking into account the specificity of magnetoelectric resonators at the system level will be a key point of this thesis. The thesis will thus aim at studying and designing the architecture of energy harvesting and conditioning systems for magnetoelectric transducers
Landry, Jean. "Le discours de la vulgarisation scientifique : puissance, limites et dangers." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1992. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5268/1/000598080.pdf.
Full textOuerghemmi, Ezzeddine. "Étude physique des limites en puissance des lasers à cascade quantique." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00605931.
Full textOuerghemmi, Ezzedine. "Étude physique des limites en puissance des lasers à cascade quantique." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/60/59/31/PDF/manuscrit_ezzeddine_Ouerghemmi.pdf.
Full textThis thesis work is devoted to the theoretical and experimental study of the limiting factors of quantum cascade lasers (QCL) output power. It exposes a global modeling of their electro-optical properties. Laser operation is described in particular by including the electronic structure, non-radiative electron scattering mechanisms and the electron-photon coupling along the laser cavity. This model allowed us to successfully reproduce all the characteristics (current and optical power as a function of the applied voltage) of a QCL over the whole range of operating temperatures. This model was used to calculate the electron temperature in QCL. It showed that scattering by LO phonons is the only mechanism by which the gas of electron can transfer energy towards the lattice. Elastic scattering mechanisms are sources of energy for the electron gas. Two physical parameters allow to fully describe the electron temperature in the device: the electronic thermal resistance of the heterostructure and the temperature current coupling factor. Taking into account the electron-photon coupling shows that it may influence the electronic distribution over energy levels. Therefore, the gain of the active zone of the laser is reduced in the presence of this coupling. This effect, called gain saturation, plays an important role on the output performances of QCL. Minimizing this effect can increase the maximum power output of the laser by a factor of two. This study allowed us to propose new design rules of active regions to improve the QCL output performances. The experimental characterization of some of these structures has validated the approach we have followed towards performances improvement
Morancho, Frédéric. "Le transistor MOS de puissance à tranchées : modélisation et limites de performances." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00165581.
Full textSimon, Antoine. "Étude de dispositifs de limitation de puissance microonde en technologie circuit imprimé exploitant des plasmas de décharge." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0037/document.
Full textIn this project, the non-linear interactions between the high-power microwave signal and micro-discharges plasmas integrated in the microwave circuits or antennas of the transmitter (for example,Telecommunication transmitter, RADAR, ...) will be exploited to obtain its reconfigurability. Such a problem addresses a set of competences at the interface between plasma physics and microwaves. It concerns both upstream and engineering considerations. The work to be carried out during this project should make it possible to progress in two research tasks that will structure the activities of the thesis. First, the characterization of microdischarge plasmas will be perform then it will possible to identify and develop reconfigurable microwave devices
Gauvin, Jonathan. "Développement de limiteurs de puissance radiofréquence à MEMS-RF." Limoges, 2012. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/c43b8471-8047-407f-b7e6-925e9eb69c09/blobholder:0/2012LIMO4015.pdf.
Full textThe constant evolution of telecommunications systems has led to the necessity to protect them against possible attacks that can cause deterioration of radar or satellite receivers. Thus, microwave power limiting devices are placed in front-ends receivers chains to avoid system malfunction during a glare. Despite their signicant insertion loss and high power consumption, devices using PIN and Schottky diodes perform the power limiting function. In recent years, electrostatically actuated RF-MEMS demonstrated they can replace semiconductors in tunable devices since losses and consumption of this technology are much better. Thus, the study of a power limiter RF-MEMS-based, fully passive with almost zero consumption and very low losses is an interesting and innovative solution to reduce costs while improving performances of this kind of system. The research of this thesis is in this context and aims to investigate the possibility of integrating RF-MEMS into front-end receivers to protect telecommunications systems against high power signals
FARENC, DIDIER. "Modelisation, conception et optimisation de composant de puissance lateral dmos integre. Etude des limites de performance en energie." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30273.
Full textPak, Sun. "Adaptation, combustion et limites pauvres d'un moteur à allumage commandé au gaz naturel obtenu par conversion d'un diesel faible puissance." Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1d663861-db36-4829-9d80-aa7826a05ebe.
Full textChesse, Pascal. "Determination des limites d'exploitation des diesel de forte puissance : incidence des circuits de liaison moteur-turbocompresseur. instabilites et pompage des compresseurs." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT2048.
Full textNallet, Franck. "Conception, réalisation et caractérisation d'un composant limiteur de courant en carbure de silicium." Lyon, INSA, 2001. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2001ISAL0017/these.pdf.
Full textSilicon carbide (SiC) technologies for the manufacturing of power devices seem to be promising in the near future. The physical properties of SiC make of it an excellent candidate for high voltage and high temperature applications. The subject developed in the present thesis belongs to the latter field of study and focuses on silicon carbide current limiting devices. These components are designed for the protection of electric systems against short-circuits on a 220 V / 50 Hz network. The function requires to limit a short-circuit overcurrent during a time enough to allow the opening of the power line by a circuit breaker under acceptable conditions. The device can also act alone during a transient current surge. The design of a 4H-SiC component corresponding to the specified conditions (600 V / 50 A) led to a definition of the technological component parameters assisted by the finite-element simulation software developed by ISETM TCAD. A first run of prototypes, realised by the CNM (Barcelona), shows a saturation current density of 200 A. Cm-2 and a specific on-resistance of 150 mOhm. Cm2. The concept studied in simulation was checked experimentally. The demonstrator allowed to optimise some technological aspects and to define a correction set for the manufacturing of a second prototype. The prototypes of the second run reach a saturation current density of 800 A. Cm-2, with a specific on-resistance of 14 mOhm. Cm-2. The 4H-SiC current limiting devices of the second run belong to the best set of Accu-MOSFET devices obtained in the literature
Nallet, Franck Planson Dominique. "Conception, réalisation et caractérisation d'un composant limiteur de courant en carbure de silicium." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2006. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=nallet.
Full textPorte, Maxime. "Études et caractérisations de l’arc électrique de déconnexion entre contacts de connecteurs automobiles de puissance : études de solutions pour en limiter les effets." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1S016.
Full textThe multiplication of the electrical functions aboard vehicles requires increasing electrical power. Due to persisting problems of the electronic and devices (fuses, connectors, relays), the conception of a 42VDC architecture is in stand by. This manuscript reports the phenomena on connector reliability as the electrical arc during a disconnection under voltage, overheating during current conduction and wear during vibration. It appears through the characterisations of arcs on the electrical power domain reaching 1. 4kW (14V, 100A, inductive), that the 14VDC arcs could be as damaging as the 42VDC arcs. Two concepts of “arc resistant” connectors are implemented: the connector provided with a magnetic blowing device and the connector provided with a resistive film. For theses concepts, the rating of the constitutive parameters, the study on the validity and voltage and current limits are carried out
Alawieh, Aya. "Hybrid and nonlinear control of power converters." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00769950.
Full textParra, Thierry. "Modelisation du transistor mesfet gaas utilise en regime de forts signaux. Application a la conception d'un limiteur de puissance monolithique a distorsion de phase minimale." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30161.
Full textAl, Baba Hind. "Théorie des semi-groupes pour les équations de Stokes et de Navier-Stokes avec des conditions aux limites de type Navier." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3008/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the mathematical theoretical study of the Stokes and Navier-Stokes equations in a bounded domain of R^3 using the semi-group theory. Three different types of boundary conditions will be considered: Navier boundary conditions, Navier-type boundary conditions and boundary condition involving the pressure. This manuscript contains six chapters. We prove first the analyticity of the Stokes semi-group with each of the boundary conditions stated above. This allows us to solve the time dependent Stokes problem using the semi-group theory. We will study also the complex and fractional powers of the Stokes operator for which we prove some properties and estimations. These results will be used in the sequel to prove an estimate of type L^p-L^q for the Stokes semigroup, as well as the maximal L^p-L^q regularity for the inhomogeneous Stokes problem and an existence result for the non-linear problem. Next we study the time dependent Stokes problem, besides the maximal L^p-L^q regularity, we prove the existence of weak u∈L^q (0,T; W^(1,p) (Ω)), strong u∈L^q (0,T; W^(2,p) (Ω)) and very weak u∈L^q (0,T; L^p (Ω)) solutions to the Stokes problem. We end with the study of the Navier-Stokes problem. First using the L^p-L^q estimate for the Stokes semi-group we prove the existence of a unique local in time mild solution for the Navier-Stokes problem that verifies u∈BC([0,T_0 ); L_(σ,τ)^p (Ω))∩L^q (0,T_0; L_(σ,τ)^r (Ω)), q,r>p, 2/q+3/r=3/p.Furthermore, for some initial data the solution is global in time. Finally, by estimating the non-linear term as a function of the fractional powers of the Stokes operator we prove that the solution is regular
Phommahaxay, Alain. "Contribution à l'étude de micro-dispositifs de protection des circuits radiorécepteurs aux impulsions hyperfréquences de puissance associant microtechnologies et phénomènes d'émission électronique." Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00196509.
Full text- détecter et reconnaître des signaux de plus en plus variés en puissance et en fréquence,
- se protéger contre les dispositifs de brouillage.
La fonction d'un limiteur de puissance, placé immédiatement après une antenne réceptrice, est d'éviter la saturation ou la mise hors fonction des éléments sensibles situés en aval, en particulier la chaîne d'amplification à faible niveau.
L'objectif de ces travaux financés par une bourse doctorale de la Délégation Générale pour l'Armement est de développer de tels dispositifs en conciliant ces deux contraintes dans une plus large mesure que les dispositifs existants en 2004. Ainsi, une synthèse bibliographique des développements en terme de sources micro-ondes de forte puissance associée à une étude système sera menée afin de déterminer les spécifications attendues du limiteur de puissance. Ces résultats seront ensuite comparés aux valeurs de certification aussi bien civile que militaire, montrant la vulnérabilité de certains systèmes et la nécessité d'un limiteur de puissance.
Diverses technologies de limiteurs de puissance, incluant les matériaux ferroélectriques, supraconducteurs ou bien l'utilisation de semi-conducteurs, seront ensuite analysées et comparées avec les spécifications et les contraintes liées aux applications. Il s'avèrera que ces technologies aussi variées soient elles ne répondent pas au cahier des charges lié aux applications militaires ou aéronautiques.
C'est ainsi que cette étude se propose d'évaluer une autre technologie basée sur l'utilisation d'électronique sous vide dont on rappellera les principales applications et fondements physiques comme les phénomènes d'émission électronique.
Le limiteur proposé s'appuie ainsi sur la dissipation progressive d'une onde électromagnétique le long d'une ligne de transmission chargée par une distribution de diodes à vide. Le dimensionnement de ce type de dispositif fera appel à des outils de simulation électromagnétique mais également particulaire.
Ces composants seront ensuite fabriqués en utilisant les moyens de la salle blanche située à l'ESIEE. Compte tenu de leur sensibilité à l'environnement, une encapsulation spécifique sera développée en associant couplage électromagnétique et soudure entre deux substrats afin de garantir une herméticité totale des dispositifs. En effet, la puissance pourra soit être dissipée par émission électronique par effet de champ, soit par la formation d'une décharge plasma. La prépondérance de l'un ou l'autre phénomène dépendra alors de l'environnement d'encapsulation.
Les performances hyperfréquences des dispositifs ont également été évaluées dans une bande de fréquences comprises entre 0 GHz et 40 GHz. Les pertes d'insertion liées à l'encapsulation et aux parties limitatrices ont ainsi été déterminées. Des limiteurs de puissance à très faibles pertes par rapport aux autres technologies peuvent ainsi être obtenus.
L'étude en puissance de ces limiteurs a également été menée. C'est ainsi que quelques échantillons ont subi une multitude d'impulsions de très forte puissance pouvant aller jusqu'à deux kilowatts à des fréquences situées en bande X. Les résultats de ces mesures montreront une limitation effective de la puissance et la validité du concept de limiteur de puissance basé sur l'utilisation d'électronique sous vide.
Belhamiti, Omar. "Étude dans les espaces de Hölder de problèmes aux limites et de transmission dans un domaine avec couche mince." Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00330880.
Full textPizarro, Torres Francisco. "Potentialités d’un plasma hors-équilibre localisé pour la réalisation d’antennes imprimées reconfigurables ou autolimitantes." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ESAE0048/document.
Full textPlasma is an ionized gas with physical characteristics that are of interest to the microwave domain. To simplify, we can characterize it as a dispersive medium whose dielectric permittivity depends on two parameters :the plasma pulsation wp and the electron-neutral collision frequency Vp. These two parameters depend mainly on the electron density of the gas and its pressure. If we can control the characteristics of the plasma, we can also control its dielectric permittivity, which allows us to consider the plasma for applications in the field of microwave reconfigurability.Among the structures that can generate a plasma discharge, we have focused on the use of recent topologies,known as plasma microdischarges. These microdischarges are of interest because of the possibility of easily integrating them into a RF device : small size, stability, temperature near room temperature and potential use at high pressures, including at atmospheric pressure.Given the difficulties in accurately modelling the effects of the plasma on a guided wave, an experimental approachwas preferred. Two measuring devices have been designed to characterize this interaction : a conventional microstrip transmission line and an inverted microstrip transmisison line, both including a microdischarge in their centers. With this experimental characterization, the S-parameters of the transmission line with the plasma are obtained and compared to those without plasma as a function of a wide range of parameters, such as gas pressure,frequency and current injected into the discharge.The results show two particularly interesting phenomena : a phase shift of the electromagnetic wave in presence of the plasma discharge and/or an important absorption of the incident power by the discharge. Two devices have been designed to exploit these results. The first is a frequency tunable microstrip patch antenna over a range of the order of one percent. In that case, the plasma changes the dielectric constant between the two conductors of the antenna. The second is a microstrip ring patch antenna that can protect the receiver from a high-power microwave (HPM) attack. When an incident electric field exceeds an adjustable preset threshold (tuned by an external DCvoltage source), a plasma discharge appears in the radiating element. The plasma then creates a mismatch and an absorption effect that limits, in a non-linear way, the received power at its input
Bachkatov, Nina. "La diplomatie énergétique de la Fédération de Russie: forces et limites." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209939.
Full textLa diplomatie énergétique russe s’affirme pendant les années 2003-2004, comme une démarche pragmatique, un moyen opportuniste de rencontrer un projet politique en utilisant un des rares leviers dont dispose ce pays appauvri et affaibli – sa puissance énergétique qu’il s’agit de transformer un outil de puissance politique, raison pour laquelle la politique étrangère russe va être mise au service de ce projet. Le travail fait donc référence aux spécificités internes de la Russie et au contexte international afin d’identifier les faiblesses et les forces de cette diplomatie spécifique.
Russian energy diplomacy, with which this work is uniquely concerned, differs from the classic industrial policies adopted by states in order to re-launch their economies or certain industrial sectors. It has consisted of putting Russia’s natural resources and particularly its energy potential (as a producer, a consumer, and a transit country) to the practical purpose of restoring its status as a great power. For Russia, the return to power would permit the country to emerge from its period of transition and become a leading actor in the world reshaped by the ending of the cold war. It is a matter of making its voice heard, as an equal partner in international decisions and the formulation of the new political norms necessitated by post-cold war upheaval.
In 2002-2004 Russia developed this energy diplomacy as a pragmatic and opportunistic means of attaining a political objective with one of the few levers at the disposal of an impoverished and enfeebled country – that is to say, its energy potential, which it turned into a political tool. To this effect, Russian foreign policy has been made to serve the same project. Consequently this work deals with internal specificities and the international energy context, in order to probe both the weakness and the strength of this particular form of diplomacy.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Liu, Hongliang. "Contribution for integrating urban wind turbine into electrical microgrid : modeling and control." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2331/document.
Full textThe integration of the wind power, which is one mostly used renewable resource, is always one challenger for urban microgrid. In this thesis, one urban wind turbine based on a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) is studied in order to be integrated into a DC urban microgrid. A state of the art concerning the renewable energies, DC microgrid, and control strategies of wind power generation is done. Based on a model of urban wind turbine fitting the demand of urban electric system, which consists of an emulator of wind speed and blades, a PMSM and a DC/DC converter, this thesis proposes the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods satisfying the requirement of producing energy as much as possible, and power limited control (PLC) strategies answering the demand of flexible energy production. From simple to complex, four MPPT algorithms including Perturbation and Observation (P&O) fixed step-size method, P&O with improved Newton-Raphson method, P&O with fuzzy logic method and lookup table method are studied and implemented to be compared with each other using three wind velocity profiles. According to the experience about MPPT subject, four PLC algorithms are introduced and implemented to be analyzed and compared with each other with one power demand profile calculated randomly. Summarizing all experimental results, the lookup table method can handle all requirement of MPPT operating mode supplying the best performance, however, in the condition of more flexible power demand operating mode, the combination of P&O and fuzzy logic method presents the best performance and potential which can be achieved in future works
Aourir, Mazian Jamila. "Modeling and control of an urban wind turbine intended to be integrated into an electrical microgrid." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COMP2669.
Full textThe high global consumption of fossil energy fuels is accelerating their depletion and threatening the Earth's environmental balance. For that, new categories of energy based on renewable sources are developed to build a new diversified and decarbonized energy mix. In order to allow a massive penetration of these renewable energy sources (RESs) into the conventional grid, the use of new electrical system structures seems to be a promising solution, taking into account several aspects such as the costs, the security of supply, and the ease of implementation. Thus, microgrids (MGs) constituted by decentralized energy sources and energy storage systems have been developed to replace or complement the main centralized grid. They can ensure some support functions, i.e., enhancement of the grid stability, black-start operation, replacement of diesel generators, etc. In addition, the consumers become producers and are able to inject a part of their surplus of energy into the public grid. In urban areas, the solar photovoltaic (PV) system has been extensively examined for decades and is widely used thanks to its many advantages such as low environmental impact, easy integration in buildings, reduction of transportation losses, etc. Recently, small-scale wind turbines (SSWTs) are also becoming more and more used, as a complementary source for PV systems, especially for applications near ground level and in urban areas where wind speed is a few meters per second. However, the use of wind power is still nowadays a challenge for the urban MG. In this present thesis, two different types of studies are conducted for a SSWT. i) the first one concerns new power control strategies for a SSWT. It deals with limited power point tracking (LPPT) as an emerging new technology for power management controllers for SSWTs. The LPPT operates in such a way that power requested by the user can be extracted from the wind turbine (WT) while respecting constraints and limitations. However, operating in LPPT mode still requires a deep understanding to obtain a compromise between minimizing power oscillations and transient response. For that, three LPPT power control strategies for a SSWT based on the perturb and observe (P&O) principle are investigated. The proposed algorithms are P&O with fixed step size, P&O based on Newton’s method, and P&O based on the fuzzy logic (FL) technique. The experimental results highlight that all methods function correctly and reach the limited power point (LPP). The FL method shows good dynamic performances with more steady oscillations around LPP compared to other methods. ii) in the second study in this thesis, the integration of a SSWT into a direct current (DC) MG was investigated. The RESs (PV sources and WT), storage, and public grid are included and a supervisory system is suggested to manage the power. The power balance is ensured thanks to the real-time power management in the operational layer of the supervisory system. The power is managed based on the rules made according to several aspects, such as every component's energy cost or tariff and its physical limitations. Excess of power produced by PV sources and WT is one of the problems that face the reliability of the MG and should be resolved. Thus, a strategy to limit power from each source is suggested. It is based on two coefficients called “shedding coefficients” that have the role of calculating the quantity of power that should be limited from each source. Simulation tests are carried out using two power management strategies: optimization and without optimization (storage priority). The results reveal that the coefficient reduces the overall cost and whatever the coefficient that is applied, optimization still provides good performances and significantly reduces the global cost
Debord, Dimitri. "Aspects structurels et socio-économiques des armées : de l’expérience romaine aux modèles contemporains." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100090.
Full textThe aim of this paper is to provide an unusual inight into the concept of military law, envisionned within the framework of an historical point of view. Two great military and professionnal models have been confronted (i.e. Rome and four contemporary armies : the United-States, France, the United-Kingdom and the People’s Republic of China) in order to define the historical conditions for the recognition of a professionnal military model. A professionnal army serving a Power such as the ones studied there, implement a dual military law made of a military law in time of peace /or limited war, and a military law in time of total war
Karoui, Walid. "Circuits de protection et de linéarisation à très basse consommation pour amplificateurs de puissance RF monolithiques à fort rendement haute linéarité." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30245.
Full textThe researches carried out in this thesis are related to the design of protection and linearization circuits enabling RF power amplifier modules to meet all the constraints of wireless telephony, namely: ruggedness, linearity, low power consumption, downsizing and cost. In the first part of this memory, we study the improvement of power amplifier ruggedness against impedance mismatches that are induced by environment variations of the handset antenna. The analysis of the failure mechanisms of HBT GaAs and HBT SiGe transistors demonstrates that the current of the final stage has to be limited. Then, we designed an original protection circuit based on the detection of the collector current of the power transistor. The developed protection circuit is very compact and it is monolithically integrated on a power amplifier die. It does alter neither the output power, nor the power added efficiency under a 50 Ohms load. The protected power amplifier passes ruggedness tests with VSWR up to 10 and battery voltages up to 5V. .
Karaoui, Walid. "Circuits de protection et de linéarisation à très basse consommation pour amplificateurs de puissance RF monolithiques à fort rendement et haute linéarité." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00195582.
Full textGavagsaz, Ghoachani Roghayeh. "Comportement dynamique non-linéaire dans les convertisseurs statiques : régulateurs de courant et stabilité des réseaux DC." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0102/document.
Full textThis thesis discusses the study of dynamic behavior in power electronics systems. The nature of cycles defined by the state variables of the system can be settled either by a bifurcation diagram or by Floquet multipliers obtained from the discrete model of the converter. However, for certain structures of static converters, a discrete model cannot be obtained without introducing large assumptions. The flip bifurcations (fast-scale) cannot be predicted by the averaged model whereas they appear in many statics converters. A new formulation of a continuous averaged model is presented to estimate the first bifurcation point (flip, Hopf ...). The proposed methodology is applied to a boost converter, operated in continuous conduction mode, controlled by different types of fixed frequency switching current controllers. Then, this averaged model is used for the design of the current controller parameters associated with an active filter system. The variables obtained by the proposed model have been validated by numerical simulation and experimental results. Methods of analysis of limit cycles are extended to study the stability of DC networks when the cutoff frequency of the LC filter between the voltage source and the converter is close to the switching frequency of converters. Different discrete-time models have been developed in order to consider whether to use sampled or no-sampled converter control
Avellaneda, Jean-Marc. "Thermodynamic optimization of solar receivers : analysis of entropy generation rates in anisothermal flows subjected to asymmetric thermal boundary conditions." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0035.
Full textThis thesis work is part of research aimed at improving the performance of concentrated solar power plant receivers with large temperature gradients and asymmetric thermal boundary conditions. It is necessary to analyze the power lost due to thermal and viscous irreversibility: this is achieved by studying the entropy generation rate within the flow and by adopting three different axis of analysis that provide complementary insights: (1) the detailed study of the entropy generation rate in a laminar boundary layer by examining in particular the effect of the thermal boundary condition type (imposed temperature vs. fixed heat flux density) (2) the use of the calculus of variations to determine which velocity fields optimize an objective functional related to the entropy generation rate in a flat plate channel flow, one-third of one of the walls being at imposed heat flux density (3) the study of the entropy generation rate in a flat plate channel flow, turbulent, quasi-compressible and for a fluid which thermo-physical properties depend on temperature
Abgrall, Cédric. "Allocation de ressources dans les réseaux sans fil denses." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00581776.
Full textAbgrall, Cédric. "Allocation de ressources dans les réseaux sans fil denses." Phd thesis, Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00581776.
Full textThis PhD thesis focuses on interference mitigation techniques for wireless communication networks to limit detrimental effects of in-band interference. First, we consider cooperative communication systems and study the trade-off between cooperation benefits and increased level of interference. Cooperation in wireless networks is like a crowded cocktail party with a cacophony of conversations all around. The more people repeat the same information, the more likely you understand it. However, neighbour repeaters act as interferers which harm your understanding. We propose to coordinate and adapt the activation of cooperation and the resource allocation of neighbour cells to time, frequency and space variations of communication context. Second, we propose to classify interference a destination senses on a given frequency band by differentiating three regimes of interference: noisy, intermediate and very strong. This classifier ensures an adaptive and effective processing of in-band interference adapted to time-varying nature of channel. Then, we combine this classifier with QoS constraints to derive centralized and distributed algorithms for power allocation. Both approaches aim at allocating the minimal transmit power vector while meeting QoS requirements of each user, whatever the communication scenario may be. Our simulations show how an adaptive handling of in-band interference may notably reduce the power budget without affecting transmission reliability
Molinié, Roxana. "Puissance des corps en mouvement dans le tango." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17191.
Full textBeth, Suzanne. "Destruction, puissance et limites du cinéma dans les films d'Ozu Yasujirô." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13600.
Full textIn this dissertation, the films of Japanese director Ozu Yasujirô (1903-1963) are studied according to the main hypothesis that the destruction they picture – disappearing family bonds, death – cannot be accounted for by plot development, its non-dramatic stance being well-known. As it is depicted in his films, family dissolution in fact testify for the world's vulnerability to cinematographic take: the medium's destructivity is especially expressed as an ability to mobilize what comes into its range and to transform it as a stooge for its own capacity to produce effects. This study then portrays moving images, inasmuch as they conform to the logic of modern technology, as a kind of disaster affecting family as a commununity, as an experience of being out-of-oneself. But Ozu's cinematographic practice shows as well ways to face such a destructivity, and points to another, restaurative potentiality for cinema. This study of Ozu's cinema shows its profound affinity with Giorgio Agamben's conception of inoperativeness, the filmmaker's work and the philosopher's thought throwing light on each other. Through the concept of inoperativeness, the issues at the heart of Ozu's films are considered anew at a level both thematic and formal, immaterial and material, articulating these two aspects in order to tackle their very mediatic register. My approach, then, is not foremost aesthetic or formal but focuses on Ozu's films from the point of view of practice: it deals with ethical issues raised by the cinematographic medium, which express themselves in relation to power (or potentiality). This ethical concern relates to Ozu's attention to collectivity as well as to his care for cinema's expressive potentialities that is to say to the way in which his films face their medium's limits.
Baril, Jessyka. "Les limites de l'homo oeconomicus par l’analyse du Black Friday : puissance, dépense et rituel de masse." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21290.
Full textRenaud, Frédéric. "Les limites d'une puissance moyenne durant la guerre froide : la participation du Canada à la Commission internationale de supervision et de contrôle au Vietnam 1947-1957." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3659/1/M11681.pdf.
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