Dissertations / Theses: 'Public us'

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Hörning, Beate. "Volunteering in US public libraries." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17600.

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Im Mittelpunkt der Arbeit steht das soziale Phänomen Volunteering in der sozialen Institution Public Library mit konkretem Bezug auf die Gegebenheiten in den USA. Die Behandlung des Themas erfolgt auf der Basis von Quellen sowie den Ergebnissen einer qualitativen Untersuchung. Zunächst werden die historischen Hintergründe von Volunteering und Philanthropie in den Vereinigten Staaten sowie die Entwicklungsgeschichte der US Public Libraries beschrieben und diskutiert. Zwischen beiden Phänomenen werden Zusammenhänge aufgezeigt. In diesem Kontext wird auch die Rolle Andrew Carnegies herausgearbeitet. Des Weiteren werden der gegenwärtige Stand der Freiwilligenforschung mit den Schwerpunkten Motivation und Volunteer-Management sowie das Wirken von Volunteers in US Public Libraries unter politischen, soziologischen und administrativen Gesichtspunkten erörtert. In Auswertung der qualitativen Untersuchung, die eine Kombination aus Feldforschung und problemzentrierten Interviews – durchgeführt in insgesamt 31 Public Libraries in elf US-Bundesstaaten – darstellt, werden eine Reihe von Erkenntnissen gewonnen, die unter anderem Rückschlüsse auf die Bibliotheksspezifik von Volunteering – insbesondere in Hinsicht auf die Motivation zur Freiwilligenarbeit sowie dem Volunteer-Management – ermöglichen.
This thesis describes the social phenomenon of volunteering in the public library as a social institution, focused on the situation in the United States of America. The paper is based on a literature review and on findings of a qualitative study. After discussing the history of volunteering, philanthropy, the American public library, and Andrew Carnegie’s role, there will be a review on research on volunteerism. Thereby, the focus is laid upon aspects of volunteer motivation as well as volunteer management in the US in general and particular in libraries. Furthermore, a compilation and interpretation of library volunteer coordinators’ materials, manuals, and reports will be presented. The results of the qualitative study which is based on a combination of field research and problem-centered interviews – held in 31 public libraries in eleven US states – will be discussed in detail. Among others, the results lead to the conclusion that – especially concerning several motivational and management aspects – public library volunteering is quite specific in comparison to volunteer work in other facilities and institutions.

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Craik, David. "US presidents and public opinion : the Carter presidency." Thesis, Keele University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417844.

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Mackey, Renee L. "The stranger is one of us." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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Ngahooro, Roger, and n/a. "What about us, Al?: the pragmatics of whanau in education." University of Otago. Department of Social Work and Community Development, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070430.112609.

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This thesis looks at the relationships Board of Trustees need to balance between themselves and their Maori communities. Their researcher was a sole Maori representative on a South Island Board of Trustees and explored the minority position of his role. The research was restricted to one Primary School and one board of Trustees. This research examined the strengths, weaknesses, attitudes and perceptions of Boards of Trustees governance when dealing with issues around their Maori communities. The role of the researcher as both writer and Board of Trustees Member, created ethical issues around objectivity and subjectivity, and sought to show how a researcher is able to remain impartial, in their own study. The research found that relationships between mainstream Boards of Trustees and their Maori communities are better developed by including local iwi or hapu, therefore making a three way relationship.

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Adams, Bridget E. Adams. "Who Built Us This Way: Stories." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1529480623667407.

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Sholtis, Tadd. "One helluva roar : US Air Force public communication since 1942 /." Maxwell AFB, Ala. : School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, 2008. https://www.afresearch.org/skins/rims/display.aspx?moduleid=be0e99f3-fc56-4ccb-8dfe-670c0822a153&mode=user&action=downloadpaper&objectid=f6ea7bb1-2b97-4d90-8b90-1cf4474c5a7c&rs=PublishedSearch.

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Fogel, Daniel. "A Reexamination of US Heroin Policy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/126.

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Misguided drug policy in the United States has led to many severe social and economic problems that have burgeoned over the past century. I analyzed heroin policy specifically, investigating new treatment methods and alternative decriminalization policies that would ameliorate some of these problems.

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Rashid, Sabina Yasmin. "Day case laparoscopic cholecystectomy : what's stopping us now?" Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6226/.

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Introduction: Day surgery has many benefits for patients and the NHS, but progress in this area of healthcare has been slow. A high volume procedure, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, was chosen to explore this. The aim of this study was to explore and explain the factors that influence the uptake of day case laparoscopic cholecystectomy at three trusts and the impact of service redesign programmes on day case rates. Methods: A mixed methods collective case study was conducted across three trusts. 34 semi-structured interviews were undertaken and 5 years of hospital activity data was analysed. Results: Day case laparoscopic cholecystectomy rates did increase over a 5 year period at all trusts but to varying degrees. Factors that influenced activity according to qualitative data analysed were grouped into two themes: context and mechanisms. Conclusion: Participants did not believe that the service redesign programmes had any direct impact on their practice. New ambulatory care facilities alone did not lead to increased day case laparoscopic cholecystectomy rates because the trust that performed the most did not have any change to their infrastructure. Clinical attitudes towards performing day case laparoscopic cholecystectomy were variable and may explain the difference in day case rates.

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Dappert, Claire P., and claire dappert@gmail com. "The US-China Trade: Capitalism, Consumption and Consumer Identity." Flinders University. Archaeology, 2009. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20091117.131742.

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Since the fifteenth century the rise of capitalism and the expansion of global trade networks have ensured that a wide range of consumer goods has become available to people from all walks of life. Paralleling these developments, our attitudes and beliefs about consumer goods have also changed: goods that were once considered luxuries have become commonplace in domestic households. This study celebrates the diversity of this material culture and the variety of symbolic meanings people attach to it. The US China trade, as a facet of the Spice Trade, is inextricably linked to the development of capitalism and long-distance shipping that ensured the movement of consumer goods to markets around the world. Inevitably, many of these ships sank and archaeologically their cargoes and the artifacts associated with their crew provide an opportunity to glimpse the development of our modern world. This thesis uses the shipwreck Frolic (1850) as a case study to discuss how those involved in, and those who were supplied through, this trade used a range of consumer goods to construct distinct identities for themselves and those around them. This study also draws on a wide variety of source material, including material culture (museum collections and archaeological assemblages), images and documentary sources (courtesy literature and newspapers) to paint a broader picture of the US China trade and consumer society than any one source is capable of doing itself. This study ultimately argues that the range in consumer goods associated with the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century US China trade is symptomatic of the increasing complexity of consumer markets able to facilitate the establishment and maintenance of a wide array of consumer identities, necessary under the many new social, economic and ideological relationships constructed under capitalism.

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Sidorova, Elena. "US public diplomacy through the prism of Andy Warhol’s Pop Art." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0043.

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Notre thèse étudie l’interaction entre la diplomatie publique américaine et le Pop Art d’Andy Warhol. Elle révèle que la diplomatie publique américaine peut prendre trois formes (les formes « hiérarchique », « hybride » et « horizontale ») et que chaque forme de la diplomatie publique américaine suit ses propres principes de la promotion internationale de l’œuvre d’Andy Warhol. Lorsque la diplomatie américaine prend la forme « hiérarchique », le Pop Art d’Andy Warhol est promu au niveau international par le biais de la participation nationale des États-Unis aux expositions universelles et à la Biennale de Venise ainsi que des expositions itinérantes de l’Agence d'information des États-Unis. Lorsque la diplomatie américaine prend la forme « hybride », le Pop Art d’Andy Warhol est promu au niveau international par le biais du programme international du Musée de l’art moderne de New York et du programme « Art aux Ambassades ». Lorsque la diplomatie publique américaine prend la forme « horizontale », le Pop Art d’Andy Warhol est promu au niveau international par le biais des expositions organisées par des marchands d’art et des conservateurs d’art américains et européens qui travaillent indépendamment du gouvernement des États-Unis
The current thesis studies the interplay between U.S. public diplomacy and Andy Warhol’s Pop Art. It argues that U.S. public diplomacy is embedded into three forms (the ‘hierarchical’, ‘hybrid’, and ‘horizontal’ ones) and that each form of U.S. public diplomacy follows its own, individual ‘principles’ of the international promotion of Warhol’s work. When U.S. public diplomacy takes the ‘hierarchical’ form, Andy Warhol’s Pop Art gets promoted internationally through the U.S. national participation in World’s Fairs and the Venice Biennale, and USIA’s travelling shows. When U.S. public diplomacy takes the ‘hybrid’ form, Andy Warhol’s Pop Art gets promoted internationally through MoMA’s international program of circulating exhibitions and the Art in Embassies Program. When U.S. public diplomacy takes the ‘horizontal’ form, Andy Warhol’s Pop Art gets promoted internationally through the gallery shows and museum exhibitions organized by U.S. and European art dealers and art curators who work independently from the U.S. government

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White, Connie Lynn. "Performing motherhood in public schools why isn't someone listening to us? /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3209575.

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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Education, 2005.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 10, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-03, Section: A, page: 0885. Adviser: Jerome Harste.

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Logue, Bart W. "US security posture in the Middle East need for a change?" Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2002. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA459802.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2002.
Thesis Advisor(s): Robinson, Glenn E. ; Russell, James. "December 2002." Description based on title screen as viewed on February 28, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-70). Also available in print.

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Geary, Brent M. "A Foundation of Sand: US Public Diplomacy, Egypt, and Arab Nationalism, 1953-1960." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1193151306.

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Scott, Susanne K. "Modeling Diabetes in the US Adult Population." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1274374033.

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Kim, TaeEung. "Longitudinal Analyses of Socioecological Obesogenic Factors in a Large Sample of US Children." Thesis, Indiana University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10742969.

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This dissertation consists of two substudies. The objectives of Substudy 1 were as follows: 1) to examine changes in obesity rates throughout elementary school in a large sample of children with respect to socioecological factors, especially trends in body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of “severe high obesity” during elementary school, and 2) to explore the longitudinal effect of socioecological obesogenic factors (including individual, parental, familial, and environmental factors) on the transition from a normal/healthy weight to being overweight or obese among children aged three to 13 years old. This longitudinal panel study used the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Program (ECLS-K). A modified socioecological model was used as a conceptual framework to guide the investigation of this study’s research questions. Two longitudinal ordered regressions were performed to determine the associations between socioecological obesogenic variables (e.g., family activity and parental involvement) and changes in obesity rates, as well as the transition from a normal/healthy weight to being overweight, obese, or severely obese. A total of 1,264 children (representing 379,297 at the population level) were identified for this study (mean age: 5.24 years; female: 48.7% at baseline). Hispanics and other nonwhite children, children with less socioeconomic and environmental support, and children living in households with fewer family members were more likely than their counterparts to gain weight (all ps < 0.05). This study revealed multiple dimensions of how sociological obesogenic factors influence children’s weight increases and transitions in a longitudinal setting. Unhealthy BMI status among children was affected not only by individual factors but also by parents, family, and environments. Parents and family play a crucial role in children’s physical activity and nutrition, and obtaining family and environmental support is critically important for maintaining a healthy BMI status. The findings suggest that a greater focus on family and social support is necessary to help children maintain a healthy weight over time.

Substudy 2 aimed to investigate the association between the Head Start Program and children’s BMI status, as well as their quality of life with respect to socioecological obesogenic factors. This cross-sectional study employed the ECLS-K as well. A propensity-score matching analysis was performed to examine the association between the Head Start Program and children’s BMI status, as well as the quality of life, controlling for socioecological obesogenic factors. A total of 3,753 children (representing 1,284,209 at the population level) were recruited for this study (mean age: 13.69 years; female: 49.42%). In the final matched model, the Head Start Program did not have a statistically significant effect on children’s obesity. Children who were African American, had less participation in school-sponsored activities, perceived themselves as overweight, lived in a household with fewer family members, and had less strict TV regulations were more likely to be overweight than their counterparts (all ps < 0.05). Evidence suggests that multiple dimensions of sociological obesogenic factors—including individual as well as parental, familial, and community support factors—affect the weight of children from low-income families and should be considered when establishing behavioral and policy interventions to thwart the childhood obesity epidemic.

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Robbins, Wendy L. "A Place for Us? Baby Boomers, Their Elders, and the Public Library." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20506.

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Canada’s aging population is expected to have an impact on all public institutions; for public libraries, the emergence of a large, multi-generational user group of older adults challenges the current paradigm of services to seniors. This thesis examines a subset of this user group: baby boomer library patrons who are in a caring relationship with elders. It investigates how these patrons interact with the public library both for themselves, and as carers, in order to reveal library-related issues particular to this growing segment of the population. The study takes place within a conceptual framework derived from the ethic of care, and from emerging theories of library-as-place rooted in the fields of human geography and sociology. Using a qualitative instrumental case study method, long form interviews were conducted with respondents recruited through theoretical sampling extended by snowball sampling. While not generalizable, findings suggest that while these baby boomer respondents value their libraries deeply, there is potential to create services and practices more attuned to the needs of older adults who are in relationships with elders.

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Owens, Patricia. "The humanitarian condition : US public spheres and the 1999 war over Kosovo." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/c4538bfa-abcf-4766-963e-3dd76852d057.

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The 1999 war over Kosovo shaped, and was in turn shaped by, US public spheres. Chapter I offers a theoretical and historical account of the importance of publics to US political development, especially the founding of an official liberal-republican state-based public sphere. Four organisational themes are identified - law, technology, dissent, and foreigners - as key normative and practical benchmarks by which we can observe this development and extend to the war over Kosovo. Chapter 2 develops ideas about the violence associated with the diffusion of public and private through a discussion of the ambivalent role of law in legitimating the war. The chapter traces the complex meanings attributed to law during processes crucial to defining the official public sphere and the emerging global order as evidenced by the war. Chapter 3 suggests that the information technology used to conduct and debate the air campaign embodied the socially constituted values of the official public sphere and provided a means by which counterpublic spheres could be created. Chapter 4 argues that despite the role of technology and NATO's humanitarian claims in limiting public dissent anti-Kosovo war activists participated in and constituted counterpublic spheres. These alternative, but increasingly marginalised, publics reveal modes and types of publicity not captured in liberal and deliberative theoretical accounts. Chapter 5 extends the argument about different ways of 'being public' through an analysis of how Serb- and Albanian- American immigrants and Kosovo-Albanian refugees were represented in the official public domain. Several norms associated with gender, race, and economy appeared to be upheld and invigorated via representations of these 'foreigners'. Chapter 6, which is the most explicit in drawing Hannah Arendt, addresses endeavours to transpose the public sphere category to an emerging global public realm, especially Habermasian efforts to legitimate violent intervention.

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Hörning, Beate [Verfasser], Konrad [Gutachter] Umlauf, and Hartmut [Gutachter] Keil. "Volunteering in US public libraries / Beate Hörning ; Gutachter: Konrad Umlauf, Hartmut Keil." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1115767615/34.

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Olayemi, Ismail Adigun. "Model-Based Clustering of Covid-19 in US Counties." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1626894930373958.

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Depew, Briggs Bourne. "Public Policy and Its Impact On the Labor Market." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293446.

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My dissertation consists of four chapters that are motivated by understanding the intended and unintended economic outcomes of public policy in the labor market. My particular focus is studying how individuals respond to incentives created by policy and welfare reform. The first chapter explores the effect of expanding dependent health insurance coverage to young adults. I study both the outcomes from state policies and the recent Affordable Care Act (ACA). In the second chapter I analyze the unintended consequences of a New Deal policy that paid farmers to reduce production. As a result, I find significant displacement of croppers and tenants in the Cotton South. The third chapter ties together the micro-foundations of the labor supply to the firm with the macroeconomic areas of on-the-job search theory and the business cycle. By using employee level data from two US manufacturing firms in the volatile inter-war period, I show that these two firms had significantly more wage setting power during recessions than expansions. My final chapter addresses the question of how does reduced immigration restrictions affect the composition of immigrants in the US.

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Geary, Madison. "Analyzing Factors that Impact Company Age at Time of Initial Public Offering." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2001.

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The number of US domiciled initial public offerings (IPOs) has declined since its peak listing year in 1996. The US listing gap has grasped the attention of experts and researchers in the field but there is a lack of agreement among intellectuals regarding the underlying causes. The purpose of this paper is two-fold: 1) to identify and analyze the company characteristics and underlying factors that impact age at time of IPO that has resulted in the US listing gap and 2) to test if these characteristics and factors have fluctuated in impacting company age at IPO over time.

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Wang, Tiaoling. "Prepare for Alzheimer’s: Narratives to bind us together." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522337630772491.

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Mphahlele, Elias. "“Nothing about us, without us” : an assessment of public participation in the delivery of RDP houses in the Elias Motswaledi Local Municipality." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80115.

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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The pivotal role played by public participation in a social context is often undermined by change agents or administrators of government projects. The role of public participation is documented in Chapter 10 of the Constitution (South Africa, 1996). It states that “… people`s needs must be responded to, and the public must be encouraged to participate in policy making”. Besides the Constitution (South Africa, 1996) there are also other legislative frameworks that enshrine the right to public participation. Some of these provisions are included in the White Paper on Local Government (South Africa, 1998c), the White Paper on Transforming Public Service Delivery (South Africa, 1997b), the Integrated Development Plans, and others. It has to be acknowledged that public participation is the fundamental element for the success of development projects geared towards the social upliftment of poor communities. Poor communities, by omission or commission, are often excluded from direct participation in social projects. This study was prompted by the lack of effective public participation in the RDP housing project in the Elias Motswaledi Local Municipality, where the project was used as a case study. Qualitative research methods, well-founded theories and a literature study were used to inform the study. Forty-nine (49) respondents were interviewed. By collecting and interpreting relevant data, the study was able to assess the extent of public participation that had taken place. The study then proceeded to make recommendations as to how the situation could have been handled and to formulate public participation model that would be context relevant to the area. Unfortunately, the Elias Motswaledi Local Municipality housing project is now a thing of the past and cannot be revisited. Fortunately, however, similar projects will be able to learn valuable lessons from this study in the future. Ultimately, the research illustrated that a strategy of comprehensive public participation that includes all project beneficiaries has to be well planned and well managed to promote and ensure the successful implementation of the project.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die rol wat deur publieke deelname gespeel moet word in die administrasie van regeringsprojekte word uit eengesit in Hoofstuk 10 van die Grondwet (Suid Afrika, 1996). Dit stipuleer da tdaar op mense se behoeftes gereageer moet word en dat die publiek aangemoedig moet word om deel te neem aan beleidsformulering. Behalwe die Grondwet (Suid Afrika, 1996) is daar ook ander wetgewende raamwerke wat die reg op publieke deelname bevestig. Sommige van hierdie bepalings is ingesluit in die Witskrif op Plaaslike Regering (Suid Afrika, 1998c), die Witskrif op Transformasie van Openbare Dienslewering (Suid Afrika, 1997b), die Geїntegreerde Ontwikkelings planne, ensovoorts. Dit moet ook erken word dat publieke deelname die basis vorm vir die sukses van ontwikkelings projekte wat gerig is op die sosiale bemagtiging van ons gemeenskappe. Openbare amptenare neem doelbewus nie altyd die belangrikheid van direkte deelname aan sosiale projekte in ag nie. Hierdie studie is juis aangespoor deur die afwesigheid van effektiewe publieke deelname in die HOP behuisings projekte in die Elias Motswaledi Munisipaliteit waar die Monsterlus HOP projek as `n gevalle studie gebruik is. Die studie maak gebruik van ‘n kwalitatiewe metode, gegronde teorie so wel as `n literatuur studie. Onderhoude is onderneem en nege-en-veertig (49) onderhoude is gevoer. Nadat die data versamel en geїnterpreteer is, het die studie die omvang van publieke deelname wat plaasgevind het geassesseer. Aanbevelings is gemaak oor hoe die oewerhede die situasie beter kon hanteer het, en ‘n publieke deelname model is geformuleer wat relevant tot die area is. Die nadeel is dat die Elias Motswaledi behuisings projek afgehandel is en uiteraard nie teruggedraai kan word nie. Die voordeel is egter dat toekomstige projekte deur die studie bevoordeel kan word. Die navorsing wys daarop dat publieke deelname strategieё wat alle rolspelers insluit, deeglik beplan en bestuur moet word, voor die aanvang van die projek sowel as gedurende die projek se implementering.

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Wawra, Daniela. "Public Relations im Kulturvergleich die Sprache der Geschäftsberichte US-amerikanischer und deutscher Unternehmen." Frankfurt, M. Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2007. http://d-nb.info/989196313/04.

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Wawra, Daniela. "Public Relations im Kulturvergleich : die Sprache der Geschäftsberichte US-amerikanischer und deutscher Unternehmen /." Frankfurt, M. [u.a.] : Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989196313/04.

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Moss, Daniel Aeon. "The management role in the public relations function in UK & US organisations." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424624.

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Hoepfner, Riley. "Public Charge: Race-Based Exclusion in US Immigration Law Against Latinx Im/Migrants." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1619883296450031.

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Anderson, James Stephen, and jim anderson@flinders edu au. "Annie Heloise Abel (1873-1947) An Historian's History." Flinders University. History, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20060713.154515.

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Abstract Annie Heloise Abel (18731947) was one of only thirty American women to earn a PhD in history prior to the First World War. She was the first academically trained historian in the United States to consider the development of Indianwhite relations and, although her focus was narrowly political and her methodology almost entirely archival-based, in this she was a pioneer. Raised in the bucolic atmosphere of a late-Victorian Sussex village, at the age of twelve she became an actual pioneer when her parents moved to the Kansas frontier in the 1880s. She was the third child and eldest daughter among seven remarkable siblings, children of a Scottish gardener, each of whom obtained a college education and fulfilled the American dream of financial stability and status. Annie Abels academic career was one of rare success for a woman of the period and she studied at Kansas, Cornell, Yale, and Johns Hopkins universities. She was the first woman to win a Bulkley scholarship to Yale, where her doctoral thesis won her an American Historical Association award and was published in its annual report. As well as college teaching, for a short time she was historian at the Office (now Bureau) of Indian Affairs in Washington, DC, and was also involved in womens suffrage issues. She reached the peak of her academic teaching career as a history professor at Smith College in Massachusetts, one of the countrys most prestigious womens institutions of higher learning. She combined her teaching with research and wrote some minor pieces prior to her major work, a three-volume political history of the Indian Territory during the American Civil War, which was published between 1915 and 1925. Her life took an unexpected turn while on a research sabbatical in Australia when, aged nearly fifty, she found romance and then experienced a disastrous, short-lived marriage. Undeterred, she returned to America and continued to pursue her primary professional interest as an independent researcher, winning grants that took her to England and Canada, until her retirement to Aberdeen, Washington, in the 1930s. During this latter period of her life Annie Abel-Henderson (as she now styled herself) produced no original works but continued to publish editions of historically important manuscripts, work she had begun early in her career. Her research interests also covered early North American exploration narratives and, as an extension of her work on Indianwhite relations, she had planned an ambitious, comparative study of United States and British Dominion policy towards colonised peoples. As a reviewer, her historical expertise was long sought by the leading academic history journals of the day. Before her death at seventy four from carcinoma, her final years were busy with war relief work and occasional writing. No full-length work has yet appeared on this pioneer historian and this dissertation seeks to evaluate Annie Heloise Abels work by a close reading of her textual legacyoriginal, editorial and commentarialand to assess her importance in American historiography.

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Goodwin, A. J. ""Us vs Them" : inpatients or fellow inmates? : an autoethnographic exploration." Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/20386/.

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Research shows that mental health professionals hold stigmatizing and negative attitudes towards people with mental health problems. Professionals can engage in “othering” whereby they create distance between themselves and the “different” patient, diminishing discomfort. There are significant mental health difficulties amongst professionals, but there is insufficient research exploring clinicians with lived experience, including how this impacts and/or enhances clinical practice. How professionals manage occupying multiple positions, such as professional and patient, has not been sufficiently explored, perhaps owing to the stigma in the profession. I employed Autoethnography, a method and methodology (Campbell, 2016), to critique, contribute to and extend existing research and theory. I seek an increase of insight, facilitation of social consciousness, and societal change (Adams, Linn & Ellis, 2015, p. 33). This research is a direct response to the persistent gap in literature when it comes to firsthand accounts of inpatient psychiatric treatment (Short, Turner & Grant, 2013, p. 41) and a call for more writing from professionals working in mental health with lived experience. I used my insider knowledge of a cultural phenomenon (life of a wounded healer in training) and a life-altering experience (being admitted to a psychiatric institution) to critique cultural norms and practices amongst mental health professionals, including myself. The data collection and analysis was iterative and resulted in the production of an evocative narrative. I provide the reader with a theoretical chapter that discusses salient themes that arose during this process and link these themes with parts of the narrative. I demonstrate that autoethnography can be a particularly valuable method for counselling psychologists and conclude with a number of implications and suggestions for practice stemming from my research. By using myself as both the researcher and the researched, while highlighting my hybrid identity of patient and professional, I blur the boundaries that could otherwise perpetuate othering.

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Cummins, Joshua I. "Hearts and Minds: US Foreign Policy and Anti-Americanism in the Middle EastAn Analysis of Public Perceptions from 2002-2011." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1366212110.

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Curristine, Teresa. "Reforming civil service accountability in the US and the UK : two highways agencies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273142.

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Kowalski, Jonathan D. "Industry Location Shift through Technological Change - A Study of the US Semiconductor Industry (1947-1987)." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/166.

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Silicon Valley is a storied region regarded by many as a model for economic development. Many governments have attempted or considered implementing policies or projects aimed at re-creating the success of Silicon Valley. However, it is not clear that we truly know what led to Silicon Valley’s success, as existing work has not pursued industry-wide firm-level analyses to examine the mechanisms that allowed Silicon Valley to emerge as a key region. This work seeks to begin to address this literature gap in order to better inform regional economic development policy moving forward. In examining the development of Silicon Valley and the semiconductor industry, a detailed analysis of the technological developments leading to both transistors and integrated circuits was performed. From this analysis, it became clear that the nature and availability of knowledge changed significantly between the transistor and integrated circuit eras, with knowledge becoming more complex, tacit, and less available throughout the industry. From this understanding, specific predictions and hypotheses regarding firm and industry development were generated guided by existing theory. Using a novel dataset of US semiconductor production between 1947 and 1987, this dissertation examines empirically the development of the semiconductor industry to test these hypotheses. The results show that the mechanisms driving success differed between the two eras of the semiconductor industry. As the industry transitioned to the transistor era, existing electronics firms dominated the industry, which resulted in a build-up of transistor firms in the same clusters that previously produced electronics products; however, this was not the case as the industry transitioned to integrated circuits. The nature of the knowledge in the integrated circuit era allowed spinoff firms to emerge as an important force in the industry, out-performing incumbent firms, which ultimately led to the emergence of Silicon Valley as the primary semiconductor industry cluster. It is important to understand the technological context that created an opportunity for spinoff firms to fuel Silicon Valley’s ascension to significance within the industry, as this dissertation demonstrates that the applicability of existing theories regarding firm entry and development are influenced by the nature of technology. Understanding the conditions under which various mechanisms can be effective in promoting firm entry and performance, and thus regional clusters is vital in order to craft efficient public policy and projects aimed at building industry clusters in the future. This dissertation contributes greatly to that understanding.

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Wiggington, JoEllen. "Monsters among us| The psychology of the formation of public perceptions about sexual offenders." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3596968.

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Sexual offenders have become today's lepers. California presently has more than 118,500 registered sexual offenders. Those included on the sex offender registry range from teens having consensual (albeit unlawful) sexual contact, or those prosecuted for public urination to predatory child molesters and serial rapists. The inclusion of relatively innocuous offenders on the registry undermines the very purpose of it: to assist law enforcement and help to protect the community. Legislators respond to media driven public fears about the most sensational cases (the monsters among us) with ever more restrictive and punitive sanctions which do little to improve public safety but prevent offenders from successfully reintegrating into society after their sentences are served. These sorts of policies (i.e. residency restrictions and public registries) not only impact the offenders themselves, but can have devastating affects on their families and can increase the risk of reoffense by undermining the very factors research shows prevent recidivism (family support, employment, treatment options, etc.).

This work attempts to build upon previous research to determine the origins of public perceptions of sexual offenders and to reveal how these perceptions can be changed. It provides evidence that public beliefs about sexual offenders, while generally bound by myths and stereotypes, may alter their views when exposed to the realities of the issue and to real life sexual offenders. Psychologists can play a role in providing treatment and advocating for rational approaches to this marginalized and wounded population.

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Kim, Christian, and Susmita Mandal. "Accounting for Goodwill in Public vs. Private Deals : Evidence from US Mergers and Acquisitions." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-123559.

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In 2001, the FASB (Financial Accounting Standard Board) introduced accounting regulations SFAS 141 and SFAS 142 to improve the relevance, representational faithfulness, and comparability of financial reporting. The new standards have profoundly changed the accounting for business combinations and goodwill under US GAAP by requiring reporting entities to no longer amortize goodwill over its expected useful life, but to test for impairment annually. However, the new regulation has met sharp criticism for creating a scope for high levels of managerial discretion which may be exercised opportunistically in the accounting for goodwill. This study examines whether the proportion of purchase price allocated to goodwill differs between public and private acquisitions. We try to answer this question by carrying out a quantitative study on 481 observations, between the period of 2001 to 2005 by studying the relationship between acquirer type (Public vs. Private) and target firm characteristic on goodwill allocated, and we find the following results: 1) Public acquirers allocate higher levels of goodwill in comparison to private acquirers. (2) Market-to-book values of private target firms are not positively correlated with recorded goodwill levels.

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Daigle, Delton T. "Catching the Big Wave: Public Opinion Polls and Bandwagons in US and Canadian Elections." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1282138561.

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Dieck, Hélène. "The influence of American public opinion on US military interventions after the Cold War." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0014.

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Les études académiques récentes sur l'influence de l'opinion publique sur les interventions militaires dans les démocraties occidentales concluent pour la plupart que l’opposition du public n’a pas empêché le président de faire usage de la force. Ces études se concentrent souvent sur le choix d'intervenir dans un conflit donné et omettent d'analyser les ajustements apportés à l'intervention elle-même du fait de l'opinion publique. Cette étude tente au contraire de montrer qu'on ne peut comprendre l’influence de l'opinion publique si l'on se limite à la décision d'intervenir et n’étudie pas les décisions connexes liées à la conduite et à la réussite d'une intervention: le choix des moyens humains et financiers, les objectifs, la stratégie de communication. La littérature scientifique actuelle omet également de dévoiler la manière dont l'exécutif tente de gérer la contrainte de l'opinion publique et comprendre ainsi quelle est sa véritable marge de manœuvre vis-à-vis de celle-ci. En effet, l’opinion publique et la présidence s’influencent mutuellement : le président est souvent contraint de trouver un compromis entre les objectifs politiques et militaires désirés et ce que le public est prêt à accepter. En incluant l'impact de l'opinion publique sur la mise en œuvre des opérations militaires, cette recherche conclut que le public américain a eu une influence majeure sur le degré d'engagement, les objectifs et la durée des interventions militaires de l'après Guerre froide. Notre étude s’appuie principalement sur des entretiens avec des responsables politiques impliqués dans le processus décisionnel ayant conduit à l’usage de la force après la Guerre froide. Ce processus décisionnel sera analysé à travers cinq études de cas
Recent qualitative studies of the relationship between public opinion and U.S. foreign policy put decisions into the following two categories: the President tends to lead or to follow public opinion; public opinion influences decision-making, constrains the decision, or has no impact. These studies typically research the initial decision to intervene, but fail to examine the subsequent decisions to sustain and win a war: financial and human means, conduct, objectives, duration, and communication. I argue that these elements of a winning strategy are impacted by concerns with public support at home. The impact of public opinion on the decision whether to use force is better understood when analyzing the compromise between the perception of anticipated public opinion and the necessities of a military campaign. Public opinion impacts the strategy, the timing, and length of an intervention, and inversely, those elements impact the anticipated public opinion and ultimately the decision to use force or choose a different course of action. The president can expect to influence public opinion and raise the acceptability of an intervention through various means. As a consequence, there is a back-and-forth process between anticipated public support for a given intervention and the consideration of the use of force. Contrary to the current literature, which tends to conclude that the president enjoys a substantial margin for maneuver, an analysis of post Cold War cases of interventions, limited interventions, and military escalations shows that anticipated public opinion limited the president's margin for maneuver and influenced not only the decision to intervene but also the military strategy and in the end, the result of the intervention. These findings contradict the realist paradigm for which only the structure of the international system matters and domestic politics are irrelevant in the study of international relations

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De, Vecchio Noemi <1986&gt. "The Perception of the US-Saudi Relationship in the American Public Opinion, 1969-1979." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2209.

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Lo scopo di questo lavoro è quello di analizzare la percezione della relazione tra Stati Uniti ed Arabia Saudita per gli anni che vanno dal 1969 al 1979, all'interno dell'opinione pubblica Americana. Per fare questo sono stati esaminati diversi articoli di giornale, estrapolati da differenti pubblicazioni Americane: New York Times, Time Magazine, Foreign Affairs, Commentary, Monthly Review, Radical America. Il lavoro è composto di quattro capitoli: il primo analizza la nascita della relazione tra i due paesi. Il secondo capitolo esamina gli anni della presidenza Nixon, con particolar riferimento alle negoziazioni sviluppatesi tra i due paesi dopo la crisi petrolifera del 1973. Il terzo analizza gli anni della presidenza Ford, in particolar modo il riciclaggio dei petrodollari. L'ultimo capitolo si concentra sull'amministrazione Carter e, per quanto riguarda le relazioni tra Stati Uniti ed Arabia Saudita, esplora ed analizza momenti di cooperazione e conflitto tra i due paesi negli ultimi anni '70.

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Lo, Bianco Joseph, and joe lobianco@languageaustralia com au. "OFFICIALISING LANGUAGE: A DISCOURSE STUDY OF LANGUAGE POLITICS IN THE UNITED STATES." The Australian National University. Research School of Social Sciences, 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20020902.101758.

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This is a study of the discourse contest concerning the officialisation of English in the United States. It consists of an analysis of the language of that discourse shaped by a belief that discourse is a rather neglected but potentially illuminating area of examination of language and literacy policy. The study seeks to understand the processes and content of language policy as it is being made, or performed, and is influenced by a critique of the theory and practice of language policy which tends to adopt technicist paradigms of examination that insufficiently elucidate the politics of the field. ¶ Accordingly a systematic gathering of the texts of language disputation in the US was collected. These texts were organised in response to the methods of elicitation. Semi-elicited texts, elicited texts and unelicited texts were gathered and tested to be sure that they constituted a fair representation of the concourse (what had been said and was being said about the issue) over a 15 year period. Those statements, or texts, that had particular currency during the 104th Congress were selected for further use. An empirical examination of the subjective dispositions of those activists involved in the making of official English, or of resisting the making of official English, was conducted. ¶ This examination utilised the Q methodology (inverted factor analysis) invented by William Stephensen. The data from this study provided a rich field of knowledge about the discursive parameters of the making of policy in synchronic and diachronic form. Direct interviews were also conducted with participants, and discourse analysis of naturally occurring (unelicited texts) speeches and radio debates and other material of persuasion and disagreement was conducted. ¶ These data frame and produce a representation of the orders of discourse and their dynamic and shaping power. Against an analysis of language policy making and a document analysis of the politics of language in the United States the discourses are utilised to contribute to a richer understanding of the field and the broad conclusion that as far as language policy is concerned it is hardly possible to make a distinction with political action. ¶ The theoretical implications for a reinvigorated language policy theory constitute the latter part of the thesis. In the multi-epistemological context that postmodernity demands, with its skepticism about the possibility of disinterest, the thesis offers its own kinds of data triangulation, and the making central of subjective dispositions and political purposes and engagements of the principal anatagonists.

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Dingo, Rebecca Ann. "Anxious rhetorics (trans)national policy-making in late twentieth-century US culture /." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1120579965.

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Shen, Dong. "Chinese consumers and US-made clothing : a cultural perspective /." online access from Digital dissertation consortium access full-text, 1999. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9941432.

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41

King, Jeff. "Requirements for a Nationwide Intermodal Trip Planner in the US." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34774.

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Presently, the United States has yet to achieve the 1991 Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Actâ s (ISTEA) goal of creating a seamless intermodal transportation system. In addition to the dearth of connections, the nationâ s poor transportation information systems limit intercity intermodal transportation. Travelers lack awareness of available transportation options and face too many separate portals for trip planning that both consume time and present inadequate information. This paper posits that the creation of an efficient and extensive web-based door-to-door intermodal trip planner can solve these problems. The proposed system will present travelers with a single portal to meet all their trip planning needs. Upon selecting specific trips, travelers can then decide to be directed to operators to make a purchase. The system will include operators from the major modal groups including intercity buses, intercity rail, commuter rail, transit, and airlines. It will also include taxis due to the disjointed nature of the US public transportation system and the need to connect users who are far from stations. The requirements to create this trip planner are explored, including the support systems, potential legal issues, and suitable entities for administration and management. A survey of 39 transportation system users revealed the existence of redundant and inadequate trip planners and that the lack of sufficient information on public transportation options is driving travelers to private vehicles for shorter distances even for those who prefer public means of transportation. Analysis of the costs and benefits of implementing the proposed system is drawn from interviews with key personnel within the transportation industry, and a review of nationwide trip planners in European countries. Finally, a roadmap is presented on how best to implement the system with inputs from both the public and private sector. Recommendations include the establishment of an industry-wide data standard, a national interagency database, and a cooperative structure that entices major players within each mode to participate in the system. Also suggested are incentives from the DOT and interested private sector members to encourage more operators to participate in the system.
Master of Science

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Bly, Theresa. "Impact of public perception on US national policy : a study of media influence in military and government decision making /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FBly.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Information Systems and Operations)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002.
Thesis advisor(s): Steven J. Iatrou, Anthony Pratkanis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-144). Also available online.

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Thejane-Mogoai, Johannah Mpule. "Antecedents to homelessness among women and their children who us public shelters in metroplitan Atlanta." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1987. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1177.

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The overall objective of this study was to explore those events and circumstances leading to homelessness among women and their children who use public shelters in metropolitan Atlanta. To attain this objective, the researcher did the following: (a) identified the factors that influenced homelessness; (b) explained the various interactions between factors; and, (c) used simple theoretical models to test which of these factors had greater influence. The research design used in the study was an exploratory/descriptive design. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data in three shelters. The population served in the three shelters (A, B & C) on a daily basis is approximately 130 women and their children. Samples used in Shelter A equaled to 31 women, Shelter B equaled to 29 women, and Shelter C to 5 women. Simple descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Data collected from Shelter C was not used in comparison with the other two shelters since this would distort the findings. Shelters A and B were almost equal and the sample in Shelter C was very small, therefore, Shelter C was excluded from the comparison. The findings reveal that the major contributory factors to homelessness among women and their children are economic, social, political and the legislative. Whereas, the secondary factors are personal crises, such as alcoholism, drug abuse, psychiatric disturbances, physical disablement and limited educational background.

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Lee, Cervantes (Cervantes Chih-Chieh) 1975. "Structuring public REIT-sponsored private capital fund : the case of US industrial and retail REITs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/58658.

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Thesis (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, Center for Real Estate, 2008.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-119).
The private capital business for public REITs was started by Kimco Realty, Developer Diversified, AMB and ProLogis during the years 1998-2000, at the time when the public equity was not easily available. Over the past decade, public REITs have used their private capital funds to take out REITs' existing portfolios and newly completed projects, to finance land purchases and development pipelines, and to diversify their rental income into a fee income business. Given the limited disclosure of public REITs in their private capital funds and a lack of standardized industry terms and practice applicable to this field, this research can be described a fact-finding study. By studying each of the private capital funds managed by 7 leading REIT managers, I categorize these funds in terms of fund type, inception year, fund life, fund style strategy, investment target, geographical focus, fund terms, target leverage, key investors, parent REIT's ownership, gross fund assets, distribution frequent and incentive design. In addition, I argue that the private capital business of public REITs would not have grown successfully without fuel of the merchant development activities under the public REIT's framework. This is particularly true with respect to the industrial REIT sector. I carefully examine the case of ProLogis' business model, comprised of three indispensable pillars - merchant building, fund management and core portfolio, to substantiate this claim. By creating a new structure diagram of "public REIT-sponsored private capital fund", I demonstrate the "co-opetition" phenomenon among pension funds, real estate investment managers ("REIMs") and public REIT private capital funds in the value chain of the institutional real estate investment.
(cont.) The concept can be described by the fact that two primary investors (pension funds and REIMs) of this field could themselves replicate what public REIT private capital funds are doing. I also relate this observation to the real estate M&A deals that occurred in 2007, where REIMs were observed to "arbitrage" between public REIT and private real estate markets by taking the public REITs private. Moving forward, public REIT-sponsored private capital fund is well positioned to grow as it complements a niche market for pension funds and REIMs to add private real estate exposure in a predictable and sizeable format. However, concerns on above 75% FFO coming from merchant development and private capital for leading REITs (such as ProLogis) may trigger regulatory scrutiny from Internal Revenue Service, as this represents a huge deviation from original purpose of being a REIT - to act as passive investor for core portfolio holding and pay out as dividends most of its net income. In an extreme scenario, REITs like ProLogis may voluntarily or involuntarily spin off their private capital business. Under current capital market conditions, this might actually unlock public REITs' shareholder value. Referencing from mid-cap asset managers' comparable (such as Eaton Vance and Janus Capital), REITs' private capital business can be valued from the 4x price-earnings multiple to a likely 20-30x range.
by Cervantes Lee.
S.M.in Real Estate Development

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Cojan, M. (Maia). "The effect of corporate political activity on the financial performance of US public pharmaceutical firms." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2015. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201506111863.

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Corporate political activity (CPA) in the US has received a significant amount of attention from academic research, especially because it involves billions of dollars yearly and because the public is concerned with its undue influence over the legislative process. The predominant view in the literature holds that CPA is positively associated with financial performance, however, evidence is mixed. Prior research also suggests that firms operating in a highly regulated industry, such as pharmaceutical firms, are more likely to engage in CPA. As such, benefits from CPA, or detrimental effects for that matter, should be most visible in such industries. From this stems the purpose and motivation of this study. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of corporate political activity, as measured by the dollar amounts of PAC contributions and lobbying expenditures, on the financial performance of US public pharmaceutical firms in the period 1998–2013. The study is motivated by the lack of academic consensus regarding the nature of the relationship between CPA and financial performance and by contradictory empirical evidence on the subject. To this end, I conduct a two-stage regression analysis and find that, contrary to the predominant view in literature, CPA is significantly and negatively associated with firm financial performance, as measured by net income and income before extraordinary items. The findings can be best interpreted in the framework of the agency theory to be indicators of risky managerial decision-making, inadequate evaluation of political investments, lack of or insufficient monitoring, or personal managerial consumption of political expenditures.

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Fredericks, Rachel. "Physical Miseducation: How Public Schooling in the US is Harmful to Students’ Bodily Well-Being." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/991.

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This paper explores the history of physical education in the United States, as well as a general look into how public schooling affects how kids learn about and come to view their bodies. Theory and research by Michel Foucault, Elias Norbert, and Katy Bowman form the theoretical framework for this essay, and accounts of visits to a local elementary school to observe PE also grounds the work in present-day experiences. The work concludes that public schools in the US improperly teach students about how to listen to and care for their bodies.

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Cash, Rebecca E. "Sleep, Stress, and Ideal Cardiovascular Health: Prevalence and Associations among Emergency Medical Services Personnel and US Adults." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1574690546135181.

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48

Shrime, Mark G. "Health, Poverty, and Surgery in the US and Around the World." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467329.

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Health improvement and financial ruin are often inexorably linked. Nearly 30% of the global burden of disease is surgical [1], and over 30 million annual cases of financial ruin are attributable to accessing surgery [2]. In resource-poor countries, where 70% of all healthcare spending is out-of-pocket [3], catastrophic expenditure for medical care is extremely common [4-6]. In the United States, even those with health insurance face financial catastrophe: nearly two-thirds of bankruptcy is medical, and fully 75% of medically bankrupt individuals were insured at the time of their catastrophic medical bill [7]. Financial ruin is most pronounced among the global poor, among patients with life-threatening conditions, and, increasingly, among the elderly [2, 8-10]. As a result, although the World Health Organization [11], the United Nations [12], and the World Bank [13] have all called for financial risk protection in healthcare, medical impoverishment persists, sometimes forcing individuals into a choice between physical health and financial health. Some choose the former and are willing to incur financial ruin to get care: they sell their assets, borrow, decrease consumption, or, catastrophically, face impoverishment in the pursuit of health [4-6, 14-28]. Others respond to a risk of poverty by not complying with physician recommendations, by seeking alternate providers, or by forgoing care altogether [29-34]. In patients with serious conditions, these choices can be lethal [32, 35]. In the US, national health policy has consistently focused on decreasing out-of-pocket medical costs as a mechanism for health improvement—and not always successfully: two years after the initiation of the Oregon Medicaid expansion, for example, health outcomes had not changed dramatically [36]. Globally, policies to improve access to surgical care either mirror this demand-side focus on out-of-pocket cost reduction or address the supply-side dearth of surgical providers through policies such as task shifting [37-39]. The goal of this dissertation, then, is to examine the effects of these policies and platforms for global surgical delivery on health, on impoverishment, and on inequity, and to determine how individuals value tradeoffs among these outcomes. Chapter 1 investigates the role of government policies for increasing surgical access in public hospitals. This extended cost-effectiveness analysis utilizes publicly available data from Ethiopia to evaluate the health, financial, and equity impacts of nine essential surgical procedures on rural patients. Five policies addressing supply- and demand-side barriers to surgical access are examined: 1) universal public financing (UPF), 2) task shifting (TS), 3) UPF with the addition of vouchers (V) to address the nonmedical costs of care, 4) UPF + TS, and 5) UPF + TS + V. I find that, while all policies are likely to improve health, a tradeoff exists: TS averts deaths most dramatically, but does so at the cost of a large increase in financial catastrophe. UPF is more financially risk protective, but has a much smaller impact on health. Only policies that include vouchers for the non-medical costs of accessing care are found to provide an equitable distribution of benefits; the remaining policies continue to impoverish the poor. Chapter 2 compares surgical delivery by charitable organizations with the governmental policies examined in Chapter 1. Using an agent-based model of cancer care in Uganda, the three common charitable platforms for surgical delivery—two-week “mission trips”, mobile surgical units, and free-standing specialty hospitals—are evaluated against combinations of UPF, TS, and V. In addition to health and catastrophic expenditure, two novel metrics are included to 1) incorporate the familial financial impact of a lack of access and 2) formalize the equitable distribution of benefits into a concentration index. I find that mobile surgical delivery platforms by non-governmental organizations can provide health and financial benefits equitably and efficiently and that they perform well when compared to health-system-strengthening policies. Other charitable platforms are equitable but are not efficient when compared with government policies. The results of this analysis also confirm the finding from Chapter 1 that equitable delivery platforms must address the non-medical costs associated with getting to care. Chapter 3 tests the hypothesis that, in the setting of lethal disease, individuals value cure at all costs. A discrete choice experiment is undertaken in a nationally representative US sample of 2359 individuals. Respondents are asked to choose between two hypothetical treatments for a lethal disease, differing only in their chance of cure and their risk of bankruptcy. I find that the resulting indifference curve is multiplicative, and that Americans are less willing to shoulder high risks of bankruptcy to increase their probability of cure than has been previously assumed. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses do not alter this relationship, although, in some groups, the difference in preference between bankruptcy protection and cure is not statistically significant. In no subgroup, however, do I find evidence a significant preference for cure at any cost in the American population.
Health Policy

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Kim, Myung Hun. "A comparison of health technology adoption in four countries (Japan, Korea, the UK, and the US)." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2008. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/166/.

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This research empirically examines and compares the adoption of health technologies through case studies. The health technologies under review are assisted reproductive technologies, cochlear implants, haematopoietic stem cell transplantations, caesarean section deliveries, Gamma knife units and kidney transplants in four countries: Japan, Korea, the UK and the US. The interactions between the micro factors of health technologies and the macro environment in the adoption of health technologies are examined on the basis of a literature review and analysis of data. The micro factors were evaluated in terms of economic, clinical and technical aspects. In assessing the macro factors, payment systems and regulations related to the selected health technologies were taken into account. To examine the micro factors, the results of health technology assessments in earlier studies were reviewed. In order to explore the macro factors, historical changes in the payment systems affecting the selected health technologies and legal regulations, including legislation, directives, guidelines and court orders related to the technologies, were investigated. The adoption level of health technologies was evaluated in time-series and cross-sectional terms, measuring the trend of technology adoption and comparing the experience of the four countries under review. This research suggests clustering health technologies into “welfare oriented technology” and “private benefit oriented technology” by considering the economic incentives of adopters, individual desires of consumers and public concern over the technology. Private benefit oriented technologies are those which adopters expect to increase income from the providers or which meet the personal desires of the consumers. For welfare oriented technology, the decision is dominated by the aims of public welfare. As the model predicted, the adoption of welfare oriented technologies was higher in the health systems under national planning, while that of private benefit oriented technologies was higher in the systems whose health provisions accept market conditions.

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Garner, Thomas Nathaniel. "The economy of military engagement| An analysis of positive externalities of US troop deployments." Thesis, Georgetown University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1554475.

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Abstract:

Since the end of the Second World War, US troops have served as a powerful tool of US foreign policy. Although there seems to be overwhelming anecdotal evidence indicating the effectiveness of US military intervention in promoting conflict resolution, democracy, and US interests abroad, little is known about the economic impact of US military interventions in countries where US troops have been deployed. This study examines critical factors in determining international Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in countries where US troops are deployed. Using data from approximately 95 countries from 1982 to 2012 the study estimates complimentary effects of the presence of US troops on international foreign direct investments. It finds that US troops have a positive effect on international foreign direct investment in those countries to which they are deployed. These findings suggest that US foreign policy makers might augment or complement US foreign policy applied to those countries affected with the results found in this research. For instances where US troops deploy anyway (e.g., continuing or traditional allied training missions) the complimentary effect is of no additional cost.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Public us'

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