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Journal articles on the topic 'Public sector finance'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Макашина, Ольга Владиленовна, and Наталия Сергеевна Красникова. "THE ALGORITHM OF ORGANIZATION OF FINANCE OF THE PUBLIC SECTOR." «Izvestia vyssih uchebnyh zavedenij. Seria «Ekonomika, finansy i upravlenie proizvodstvom», no. 4 (46) (December 29, 2020): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivecofin.2020464.500.

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The purpose of the study was to identify the reasons why there was a need to form a new model of public sector finance and develop an algorithm for organizing public sector finance. The article compares the provisions of the guidelines developed by the international monetary fund on public finance statistics. The authors proceeded from the guidelines that the starting point for the organization of public sector Finance was the identification of institutional units and activities that relate to the public sector. This made it possible to determine the composition of public sector finances. The purpose of the organization of public sector finance is to meet the socio-economic needs of society, ensuring compliance with the appropriate level of national security. The need for the functioning of institutional units in the public sector is related to the fact that it would be impossible to meet public needs on a purely entrepreneurial basis. It is determined that the practical application of the principles of classification of sectors will be required in cases where it is necessary to find out whether a particular entity belongs to institutional units and, if so, to which sector (either to the public administration sector or to state corporations). The paper shows that from the point of view of the impact on fiscal policy, public sector finances include the finances of the public administration sector, which in turn consists of institutional units that are mainly engaged in non-market activities, and the finances of state corporations (organizations). The proposed approach to the organization of public sector Finance based on the concept of institutional units will increase the availability of key statistical data. This is certainly in line with the desire of most countries to increase transparency and accountability in the public sector. In addition, it helps to identify shortcomings at the early stages of the deterioration of the financial situation in the country and to take timely corrective measures

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2

DOMINGUEZ, J. T. "PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT: IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC SECTOR FINANCE." Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 6, no. 2 (June 1987): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.1987.tb00536.x.

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3

Armstrong, Peter, and Peter Fletcher. "Securitization in Public Sector Finance." Public Money and Management 24, no. 3 (June 2004): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9302.2004.00415.x.

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4

Ball, Rob, Maryanne Heafey, and David King. "The Private Finance Initiative and Public Sector Finance." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 20, no. 1 (February 2002): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c0045.

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KONATE, Sidiki, and Rachid SMOUNI. "The Institutional Dimension of Public Financial Governance and Public Sector External Debt in Guinea." Journal of Economics and Public Finance 5, no. 4 (November 21, 2019): p431. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jepf.v5n4p431.

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Through an institutional approach, this article seeks to address the problem of public finance governance and the external debt of the public sector in Guinea. As a result, based on the main theoretical and conceptual contributions relating to public finance governance and public sector external debt, we have devised a theoretical conceptual model that theoretically reflects the influence of public finance governance on public external debt. We tested this model using the linear correlation method, regression and modeling. The results showed a significant influence of the institutional dimension of the governance of public finances on public external debt in Guinea through the components: quality of macroeconomic management and debt policy.

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KACZMARCZYK, Angelika, and Jerzy KACZMARCZYK. "PERFORMANCE AUDIT IN PUBLIC FINANCE SECTOR." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 165, no. 3 (July 1, 2012): 358–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.3515.

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Internal audit plays an important role in the management of public finance sector entities. Unfortunately, it is very often the case that audit focuses on the analysis of the compatibility of operations performed in the unit with the existing procedures and regulations rather than on its efficiency. This is, unfortunately, the weakness of this system and concerns public sector entities. The article attempts to answer the following question: Is there any chance of development for performance audit in the public finance sector?

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7

Ciumas, Cristina, Viorela-Ligia Văidean, and Zoltán-Krisztián Karsai. "Implications of Private Sector Behavior on Public Finance Sector." Procedia Economics and Finance 3 (2012): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(12)00134-7.

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8

Liang, Yan. "Private-Public Sector Finance and Developmental Challenges." Chinese Economy 49, no. 3 (May 3, 2016): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2016.1159901.

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9

Dhameja, Nand. "Public Sector Growth and Finance: Emerging Trends." Indian Journal of Public Administration 43, no. 3 (July 1997): 527–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556119970324.

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10

Rao, M. Govind. "Public Finance in Pandemic Times." Journal of Asian Development Research 1, no. 1 (December 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2633190x211003336.

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Never before in living memory has economic destruction been so severe as it has been caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has struck at a time when the economy has already been slowing due to structural problems. Therefore, hastening the recovery process and accelerating the pace of economic growth requires the government not only to provide substantial stimulus but also to implement structural reforms. The stimulus provided so far has been mainly by the RBI on the supply side in terms of reducing interest rate, augmenting augment liquidity, restructuring loans to stressed sectors, moratorium on repayment of loans to severely impacted businesses and regulatory forbearance. The fiscal stimulus on the demand side has not been significant and amounted to just about 1.5 percent to 2 percent of GDP. The sharp contraction of the economy by 15.7 percent in the first half has substantially eroded revenue collections requiring both central and state governments to sharply reduce both government consumption and investment expenditures. Faster recovery in the second half of the year will crucially depend upon heavy lifting by the governments which requires them to increase consumption expenditures, transfers as well as capital expenditure by scaling up borrowing as well as monetizing the assets. The aggregate fiscal deficit as well as outstanding debt are likely to show a sharp increase which will raise questions of sustainability. The government has initiated a number of reforms, particularly to infuse flexibility to land and labour markets, reform regulatory systems in education and healthcare, and has made additional borrowing to the states conditional on undertaking power sector reforms, property tax reforms and improving the ease of doing business. However, implementation of these reforms holds the key. There is a need to urgently address problems of the financial sector. Reforms in sectors such as police and judiciary too are overdue to protect the life and property of people and enforce contracts.

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11

Rechul, Halina, and Bartłomiej Wrona. "THE METHODS OF MEASURING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE PUBLIC FINANCE SECTOR." International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences 7, no. 1 (June 29, 2018): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1689.

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The article analyzes the issues of efficiency, with special emphasis on measuring it in public sector units. The reason behind establishing units of the public finance sector is to satisfy the needs of the society, whereas the expenses paid to satisfy those needs are financed from public means. The measurement of the efficiency of such units is an important element used for assessing the degree of accomplishment of public tasks. The article offers a review of the issue and attempts at characterizing selected efficiency measures used in the units of the public fi-nance sector.

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12

Derlytsia, Andrii. "Institutional environment of public finance." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 7-8 (2020): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2020.7-8.18.

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Purpose. The aim of the article is research of the institutional environment of public finance and its components in the light of achievements of foreign and domestic economic science. Methodology of research. The following general and special methods are used to achieve this goal: comparative analysis – in assessing alternative approaches to the interpretation of the concept of institution; method of scientific abstraction – in highlighting the essential features of financial institutions and their differences from fiscal institutions; systemic, structural analysis, grouping – in identifying the components of the institutional environment of public finance and structural features of the public sector. Findings. Alternative approaches of institutional theory to the interpretation of the concept of institution are considered. A compromise application the interpretation of institutions in the approaches of D. North and O. Williamson to the sphere of public finance has been made. The components of the institutional environment of public finance are distinguished: institutions (norms, rules), institutional units (organizations, structures), transactions (interaction, relations). The institutional structure of the public sector is considered. The principle of “presumption of inefficiency” as a key one in the institutional analysis of the sphere of public finance is outlined. Originality. The paper substantiates the components of the institutional environment of public finance by clearly outlining the semantic use of the terms “institution” and “institutions” in relation to this area. Practical value. The approaches to the interpretation of the concepts “financial institutions”, “institutional environment”, “public sector” proposed in the research, will contribute to the development of a unified approach in the domestic institutional theory. Key words: public finance, financial institutions, fiscal institutions, institutional environment, institutional units, public sector, transactions.

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13

Britton, Andrew. "Public Sector Borrowing and the Public Sector Balance Sheet." National Institute Economic Review 121 (August 1987): 64–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795018712100108.

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In his Budget Statement this year the Chancellor restated his medium-term financial strategy (MTFS) and in particular his objectives for the public sector borrowing requirement (PSBR). He said, ‘Since its inception in 1980 the MTFS has indicated a steadily declining path for the PSBR expressed as a percentage of GDP. We have now reached what I judge to be its appropriate destination: a PSBR of 1 per cent of GDP. My aim will be to keep it there over the years ahead. This note considers the implications of that scale of borrowing for the balance sheet position of the public sector. We are able to do this with more confidence thanks to recent publication by the CSO of new figures for the balance sheet positions of all sectors of the economy up to the end of 1985. Prior to that publication, the latest figures available for the overall balance sheet position of the public sector had referred to 1975. The new data modify the picture of recent trends, without changing their character fundamentally.

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14

Dr. M. Kumaraswamy, Dr M. Kumaraswamy, and Nayan J. Nayan .J. "Marketing of Housing Finance – A Comparative Study of Public and Private Sector Banks." Global Journal For Research Analysis 3, no. 3 (June 15, 2012): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778160/mar2014/78.

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15

Nakyeyune, Gorrettie Kyeyune, Venancio Tauringana, Joseph Mpeera Ntayi, and Stephen Korutaro Nkundabanyanga. "Public finance regulatory compliance among public secondary schools." International Journal of Social Economics 43, no. 11 (November 7, 2016): 1135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-12-2014-0254.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between deterrence measures, leadership support and public finance regulatory compliance among public secondary schools in Uganda. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey of 257 Ugandan public secondary schools was undertaken. Ordinary least squares regression was used to determine whether, in addition to deterrence measures, leadership support also explains variances in public finance regulatory compliance. Findings Results based on a hierarchical regression analysis indicate that deterrence measures explain 17.4 per cent of variances in public finance regulatory compliance. In addition, leadership support explains a further 18.2 per cent of the variances in public finance regulatory compliance. Research limitations/implications The results imply that in addition to deterrence measures, secondary schools in Uganda should also emphasise leadership support in order to improve their public finance regulatory compliance. Originality/value Contrary to previous studies, the authors explain regulatory compliance using deterrence measures and leadership support in a single study while also focussing on institutions and not individuals as a unit of analysis. The authors also extend the predominantly financial institutions compliance studies to the education sector. Thus probably for the first time, the authors show that leadership support complements deterrence measures in explaining public finance regulatory compliance in the education sector. Even with strong deterrence measures, the lack of leadership support may lead to inadequate public finance regulatory compliance.

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16

Bogdan, Tetiana, and Vitalii Lomakovych. "Transforming public finance under the impact of COVID-19." Public and Municipal Finance 10, no. 1 (August 3, 2021): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/pmf.10(1).2021.06.

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Devastating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic throughout the world enhance the societal requests for effective healthcare and social protection systems, modern education, and high-quality infrastructure. In Ukraine, education, healthcare, and social services have been chronically deteriorating, and the corona-crisis has further exacerbated their state and increased poverty in the country. The aim of this study is to reveal the main weaknesses of fiscal policy in Ukraine and to outline the prospects of public finance transformations under the impact of the COVID-19. To achieve this aim, the indicators of fiscal policy response to the pandemic in Ukraine are calculated and a comparative analysis of Ukraine’s public finance structure with the international patterns is undertaken. A moderate fiscal impulse and insufficient fiscal rescue package in Ukraine are shown. Moreover, the inconsistencies of anti-crisis fiscal policy instruments with the international best practice are revealed. Summarizing the available theoretical sources and recent applied research allows identifying the prospects of public finances transformations under the impact of the COVID-19 in a global context. Along with the obtained results of Ukraine’s fiscal sector analysis, these form the basis for shaping the fiscal policy response in Ukraine over the medium term. Proposals for public financing of Ukraine’s health care and educational sectors, of the social safety nets and infrastructures under the impact of the pandemic are developed. Offsetting measures from the expenditure and revenue sides of the budget are drawn up for closing the arising fiscal gaps.

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17

Wu, Hui, and Zhanmin Zhang. "Managing Transportation Facilities in Design–Build–Finance–Operate Partnerships." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2345, no. 1 (January 2013): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2345-12.

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In recent years, transportation planning has been challenged by an increasing need for infrastructure development, a shortfall of revenue from the public sector, and political trending toward deregulation of transportation infrastructure development. These factors have led to increased interest in privatization of transportation infrastructure and the development of public–private partnerships, such as design–build–finance–operate. Although the overall goal of a transportation infrastructure project is to provide safe, reliable transportation systems for the public, parties involved in public–private partnerships take different roles and responsibilities. The public sector leads in laying out the terms and standards to regulate the obligations between the state departments of transportation and private entities. The private sector makes capital investment to provide agreed-upon services as well as to assume various investment risks, including project operational and financial risks. Toll-pricing strategies are a key component for the public sector in regulating the operation of a public–private partnership facility and for the private sector in controlling investment risks. This study investigated the applicability of deterministic dynamic optimization models for determining toll-pricing strategies that can help improve mobility, secure the public interest, and attract investment from the private sector. A case study of a design–build–finance–operate project was completed. Results showed that the proposed model provides a useful tool to assist both the public and private sectors in making more informed decisions, including study of optimal strategies to seek investment return and determination of the predefined contract regulations.

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18

Huong, Dang Boi, Nguyen Khanh Phuong, Sarah Bales, Chen Jiaying, Henry Lucas, and Malcolm Segall. "Rural Health Care in Vietnam and China: Conflict between Market Reforms and Social Need." International Journal of Health Services 37, no. 3 (July 2007): 555–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/h0l2-8004-6182-6826.

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China and Vietnam have adopted market reforms in the health sector in the context of market economic reforms. Vietnam has developed a large private health sector, while in China commercialization has occurred mainly in the formal public sector, where user fees are now the main source of facility finance. As a result, the integrity of China's planned health service has been disrupted, especially in poor rural areas. In Vietnam the government has been an important financer of public health facilities and the pre-reform health service is largely intact, although user fees finance an increasing share of facility expenditure. Over-servicing of patients to generate revenue occurs in both countries, but more seriously in China. In both countries government health expenditure has declined as a share of total health expenditure and total government expenditure, while out-of-pocket health spending has become the main form of health finance. This has particularly affected the rural poor, deterring them from accessing health care. Assistance for the poor to meet public-sector user fees is more beneficial and widespread in Vietnam than China. China is now criticizing the degree of commercialization of its health system and considers its health reforms “basically unsuccessful.” Market reforms that stimulate growth in the economy are not appropriate to reform of social sectors such as health.

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19

Fleszer, Dorota. "INTERNAL AUDIT IN PUBLIC FINANCE SECTOR UNITS – SELECTED ISSUES." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa 2, no. XVIII (December 30, 2018): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1771.

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The legislator is concentrates on the need for improving efficiency and performance of public finance sector units. Therefore, the legislator has introduced the institution of internal audit to the provisions on public finance. The institution is expected to support management in achieving goals and objectives set for a specific public finance sector unit. Therefore, tasks of an internal auditor should be equated with a desire to improve management, articularly risk management and management of processes inside an organization. This means that the auditor should focus more on activities of a diagnostic, consultative, support nature rather than try to control a unit. To meet such expectations, the auditor must possess specific skills and qualifications.

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20

Szołno-Koguc, Jolanta. "The Significance of Openness and Transparency for Accountability in Public Finances." e-Finanse 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fiqf-2018-0012.

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AbstractAn essential condition for asserting responsibility in public finances is that they are open and transparent. The Public Finance Act mentions ways of applying the principles of openness, and also stipulates the entities obliged to present data and information on public finances. There is, however, no legislation connected directly with transparency. So do the general requirements of classification and of accountancy and reporting principles constitute sufficient premises for accountability and asserting responsibility? An analysis of the reports and documents concerning the Polish public finance sector indicates that the processes of collecting and spending public funds are insufficiently transparent. The information system enables formal verification of discipline of public finances; however, it does not provide a sufficient basis to assess the effectiveness and efficiency, which are of key importance in terms of accountability. The aim of the article is to analyse the requirements and standards in the field of openness and transparency insofar as these concern the responsibility and accountability of public authorities, along with elements of how these are assessed in the Polish public finance system. A normative descriptive method was applied which took into consideration elements of finance theory, as well as an analysis of practical experience in the field of how public sector bodies function in Poland. The research objectives are realised mainly on the basis of a critical review of the literature on the subject, and an analysis of legal acts, reports and other documents of domestic and international institutions. The considerations and analyzes have led to several key applications to develop the principles of openness and transparency in relation to improving the accountability of public finances.

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Haczkowska, Monika. "Mediation in proceedings involving the public finance sector entities (in the light of Art. 54a of the Public Finance Act)." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 17, no. 4 (January 27, 2020): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1884.

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The amendment to the Public Finance Act (adding Article 54a) and to the Act on the responsibility for a breach of public finance discipline of 2017, introduced the possibility of concluding a settlement regarding the disputed civil law liabilities by entities of the public finance sector. Execution of a lawful settlement will not constitute a violation of public finance discipline. Until the amendment came into force, the pursuit of claims by the public finance sector entities was possible only in court. Currently it is also possible in mediation proceedings.

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22

Umar, Abdullahi A., Noor Amila Wan Abdullah Zawawi, Abdul Ganiyu Otairu, and Idris Othman. "Private Finance Initiatives (PFI): Getting it Right." Applied Mechanics and Materials 567 (June 2014): 601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.567.601.

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Recently, the UK government reformed the popular PFI into what is now referred to as PF2 after years of denying that the PFI was not delivering value for money. The reform is the result of many factors, principal of which was public sector PFI capacity deficiencies which has compromised the success of many projects. Therefore, this study set out to determine the most important PFI skills from the perspectives of public and private sector PFI practitioners and if there exists differences in opinion between the sectors. A survey of the most important PFI skills was conducted among practitioners during the course of 2 infrastructure conferences held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Factor analysis of 17 PFI skills produced 3 factor groupings that broadly explain the PFI skills requirements. These skills include Contract design skills, Contract Management skills, and Risk identification and Management skills. There was however no statistically significant difference in opinion between the public and private sector respondents.

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23

Chornovol, Alla, Julia Tabenska, Tetiana Tomniuk, and Liudmyla Prostebi. "Public finance management system in modern conditions." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 402–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(4).2020.34.

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The public finance management system is an important lever for equalizing financial and budgetary disproportions in the context of institutional changes. The paper aims to substantiate the directions of development of the public financial management system. Economic and statistical methods and correlation-regression analysis methods are used to determine the relationship between the GDP deflator and the share of revenues, expenditures, the general government budget deficit, and public debt in GDP, assessing the features of the public financial management system in Ukraine and EU countries. This study reveals that one of the main restraining factors in the public finance system development is a significant level of uncertainty in economic processes, which intensifies macroeconomic fluctuations, significant indicators of the share of public debt and budget deficit of the state administration sector pose risks to financial and economic stability; their potential negative impact on socio-economic processes is much more destructive than the pro-cyclical nature of fiscal policy. From this point of view, the public finance management system should be directed at optimizing financial and budgetary tools to prevent the growth of public debt and budget deficit in gross domestic product, which determines the importance of substantiating further development directions of the public financial management system. It is concluded that the mechanism of public financial management in recent years is quite rigid and restrictive, in the context of institutional change expands the tools of public financial management and increases its impact on socio-economic processes.

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Winiarska, Kazimiera. "The Reporting Obligations of the Public Finance Sector Units." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego Finanse Rynki Finansowe Ubezpieczenia 80 (2016): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/frfu.2016.2.80/1-17.

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25

Nicolov, Mirela. "Modelling European Public Finance and Support for RDI Sector." Procedia Economics and Finance 6 (2013): 754–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(13)00199-8.

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26

Freshwater, David. "Farm Finance and the Public Sector: A Macroeconomic Perspective." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 35, no. 4 (December 1987): 709–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1987.tb02263.x.

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27

Stevens, Philip Andrew. "Public Sector Performance: Introduction." National Institute Economic Review 197 (July 1, 2006): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0027950106070034.

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Stevens, Philip. "Public Sector Performance: Introduction." National Institute Economic Review 197, no. 1 (July 2006): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795010619700101.

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Honningdal Grytten, Ola. "Public finances, governance control and economic growth: a macroeconomic history approach." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 16, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.16(1).2019.15.

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The size of the public sector is an important tool in public governance. Public sector size may fuel both economic growth and political influence over the economy. By compiling and processing data from different sources of public accounts the paper aims at mapping the development of key financial indicators for the Norwegian central government sector during the transition period from the mid 19th to the mid 20th century. The data enable us to give measures of the size of the public sector alone and compared to the overall economy. It is found that the sector started its continuous growth before politicians deliberately started to increase the sector’s size of the total economy. The paper also finds that an increase of the public sector often, but not always, reflects political economy regimes. Persistent growth in public finances as a tool for economic policy making did not take place before the introduction of the social-democratic regime in 1935. The paper also concludes that economic growth started before the growth in the public sector, suggesting that public sector growth might as well be a result of economic growth or vice versa.

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Gruziel, Kinga. "STABILITY OF LEADERSHIP AS A DETERMINANT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUDGETARY UNITS IN POLAND." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 19, no. 4 (January 3, 2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2020.19.4.39.

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This study investigates the concept of the stability of the state and the public finance sector (PFS) based on a review of current literature in the field. An attempt has been made to define the principles of public management and present the structures of public finance sector units (PFSU) in Poland. The study focuses on the public finance sector, units included in this sector, mechanisms influencing the functioning of public service organisations and their management. Part of the research is a case study analysis of a sample PFSU, which is a central administration body. The purpose of the study was to identify the measures used to assess the stability of a public finance sector unit and to interpret those measures in relation to the studied areas of the PFS in Poland. The paper explores the principles of managing the organisation of the public finance sector, the notion of public management and its genesis. The selected PFSU case was used to indicate the relationship between the functioning of a public finance sector unit and the stability of leadership in that unit. The study is descriptive and uses inference methods. The research material included the literature on public finance and management as well as internal materials of the studied public finance sector unit. The main objective of the study was to show how the destabilisation of leadership can affect the functioning of the state office. As a result of the analysis, measures most accurately describing the phenomenon of leadership stability have been constructed. They include: measures based on quantitative assessment, measures based on institutional behaviour assessment and measures based on the subjective opinions, behaviours and expectations of employees, stakeholders and associates of the PFSU. The existence of a relationship between the stability of leadership and the functioning of a public finance sector unit was confirmed. Changes were recorded in the functioning of the office during frequent personnel changes in senior civil service positions.

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Li, Libo, Wenbing Wu, Mingyu Zhang, and Lu Lin. "Linkage Analysis between Finance and Environmental Protection Sectors in China: An Approach to Evaluating Green Finance." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 5, 2021): 2634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052634.

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Given the growing awareness of sustainable development, the environmental protection industry has attracted much attention. Green finance has developed rapidly in policymaking and practices. This study provides a framework for evaluating green finance via linkage analysis based on input–output theory. Measurements on industrial linkages are calculated in China in two provinces from 2002 to 2018, which study the relationship between finance and environmental protection sectors. The results show that the environmental protection sector (EPS) in China has gradually developed from a sector with weak backward and strong forward linkages to a sector with strong backward and weak forward linkages from 2002 to 2015; however, in 2017 and 2018, the EPS returned to a sector with weak backward and strong forward linkages. At the provincial level, the EPS used to be a key sector with strong backward and forward linkages. The connection between the finance sector and the EPS rose first, then declined in the country and the Zhejiang province; Guangdong had a similar evolution in the former period, but it had a rising trend in the latest year. The findings provide insights for further promoting the support from the finance sector to the environmental protection activities.

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R, Sangeetha. "How efficient are public sector banks in India? A non-parametric approach." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 4 (December 14, 2020): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(4).2020.10.

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This study examines the efficiency of Public Sector Banks (PSBs) in India using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Analysis is carried out on a sample of 19 PSBs that are existed during the study period from 2005 to 2018. There are two different aspects deliberated, namely technical efficiency of PSBs and the growth in their productivity. Input variables envisaged for the study are deposits, borrowings, fixed assets, and the number of employees. Loans and advances along with investments act as output variables to measure technical efficiency and productivity. The results indicate that the technical efficiency of PSBs ranges between 97% and 100%. Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, and Oriental Bank of Commerce outperformed their peers with 100% technical efficiency. Productivity growth among the sampled banks during the study period stood between 0.8% and 20%. However, Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, and Oriental Bank of Commerce registered 9.1%, 5.4% and 6.4% productivity growth, respectively. The results reveal that PSBs are working hard to optimize resource utilization. Researchers around the world can use DEA as a tool to measure the efficiency of banks with different input and output variables related to financial, marketing and managerial performance. AcknowledgmentI like to express my profound thanks to Dr Kishore Selva Babu for rendering his language expertise. I also thank all the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and feedback that greatly improved the manuscript.

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Belyakov, I. V. "On Russia’s public sector debt." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 2 (February 7, 2021): 48–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2021-2-48-69.

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The article examines the problem of comprehensive official reporting on public sector debt. It considers the IMF toolkit for public debt statistics, the peculiarities of its practical use and inherent methodological issues influencing the quantitative assessments. Estimates of the total liabilities and liquid assets for the components of the Russian public sector are given, which show, inter alia, the increase of the total liabilities of the largest state-owned enterprises (as a share of GDP) since 2016, first of all, due to the growing share of stateowned banks in the banking sector. The importance of regular monitoring and review of the public sector liabilities and assets is substantiated.

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Altun, Tülin, and Nevzat Güldiken. "Natural disaster insurance: public-private sector partnership." Journal of Human Sciences 16, no. 4 (December 26, 2019): 1084–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v16i3.5843.

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The public sector should intervene in the natural disaster insurance market in order to increase economic efficiency and social welfare. However the governments should not put at risk the sustainability of public finance by undertaking excessive financial risks. Therefore, public-private sector partnership practices in natural disaster insurance are on the agenda. Public-private partnerships can incorporate some of the advantages of both public insurance systems and private insurance systems. In such insurance systems, government guarantees, fiscal incentives, regulations and private sector expertise come together. The insurance systems established in public-private partnership sectors should be designed appropriately to ensure sustainability. A sustainable public-private insurance system should include mandatory participation, risk-based premiums, encouraging risk-mitigation activities, risk transfer mechanisms. NFIP, CEA, CATNAT, TCIP, CCS, JER are successful examples of public-private sector partnership. However, these insurance systems do not have all the features that a good insurance system should have.

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Vladisavljevic, Marko. "The public sector wage premium and fiscal consolidation in Serbia." Ekonomski anali 62, no. 215 (2017): 111–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka1715111v.

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Responding to a high fiscal deficit, the Serbian government introduced a set of fiscal consolidation measures at the beginning of 2015, including a 10% public sector wage cut. This paper analyses the difference in wages between the public and the private sector in Serbia and changes in the public sector wage premium after the measures were introduced. The results show that, similarly to many other countries, wages in the Serbian public sector are on average higher than in the private sector, partially due to the better labour market characteristics of public sector workers. The public sector wage premium was 17.4% in 2014 and was mainly driven by higher returns to education, work experience, and occupation in this sector. In 2015 the premium dropped by 6 percentage points due to a lessening of the difference in returns between the sectors. Therefore, in addition to reducing budget expenditures, fiscal consolidation in Serbia has reduced wage inequality between these sectors.

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Aldén, Lina, and Mats Hammarstedt. "Refugee Immigration and Public-Sector Finances: Evidence from Sweden." FinanzArchiv 75, no. 3 (2019): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/fa-2019-0006.

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Kaczmarek, Marcin. "Accounting information function in units of the public finance sector." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego Finanse Rynki Finansowe Ubezpieczenia 94 (2018): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/frfu.2018.94/1-11.

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Młodzik, Ewelina. "Internal audit commissioned in units of the public finance sector." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego Finanse, Rynki Finansowe, Ubezpieczenia 2015, no. 76/2 (September 30, 2015): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/frfu.2015.76/2-06.

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Mackintosh, Maureen. "Economics of the public sector." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 5, no. 3 (November 1990): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690949008726060.

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BRITTON, ANDREW. "The Public Sector in Surplus." Fiscal Studies 10, no. 2 (May 1989): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5890.1989.tb00105.x.

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Sciulli, Nick, and Robert Sims. "Public sector accounting education in Australian universities." Asian Review of Accounting 16, no. 3 (September 19, 2008): 246–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13217340810906690.

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Brede, Maren, and Christian Henn. "Finland's Public Sector Balance Sheet: A Novel Approach to Analysis of Public Finance." IMF Working Papers 18, no. 78 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781484349885.001.

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PAYNE, HELEN. "Key legal issues in projects procured under the private finance initiative." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 4, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb021048.

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Over the last few years several projects have been procured under the Private Finance Initiative, which brought with them some challenging, often novel, legal issues. A new statutory framework has been established creating new legal entities and regulating the powers and obligations of those new entities. The public procurement regime of the European Union has had to be carefully considered by both the public and private sector parties as failure by either to adhere to the strict rules and procedures can result in the imposition of sanctions. Attitudes to the way in which contracts are structured have had to change. The public sector had to step back from the more traditional involvement and control it has exercised in the past, and permit the private sector to come up with innovative solutions to the public sector's output requirements. The issues of force majeure and change of law have had to be looked at very closely and mechanisms for the sharing of the risk negotiated between the public and private sectors. A uniform approach to these legal issues would be welcomed along with some standarization of fundamental terms.

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GINIYATULLINA, D. R. "ABOUT RISK-BASED APPROACH IN THE SPHERE OF PUBLIC FINANCE." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 3, no. 5 (2021): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.05.03.016.

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The article discusses approaches to organizing a risk-based approach in the implementation of internal financial control in public sector organizations. The findings obtained in the course of the study can be used in the activities of the units exercising internal financial control in public sector organizations.

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Kalouda, František. "Public funds in theory of financial structure a company in Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 2 (2013): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361020367.

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Mutually beneficial co-existence of the private and state sectors can be seen as proven in theory. The proof is the concept of a two-sector economy of A. Wagner (1835–1917), while, in Wagner’s view, the importance of the state sector should grow (Wagner’s law). State finance is understood in this context as a tool used to achieve social justice, and in general as a socially stabilizing element.In conditions of real Czech economy, the relationship between the state and private sectors is shown in the form of subsidies for businesses enterprises; although at first sight the available data do not demonstrate the key role of public finance. Another form of limited understanding of the importance of public funds is the concept of financial structure of a company understood by contemporary theory of finance of firm (in Czech context) as a set of sources for financing entrepreneurial activities – public funds are virtually not mentioned here.The aim of the paper is to contribute to correct this shift in understanding of the importance of public finance and to bring it nearer both to the original theoretical concept (A. Wagner) and to reality, both in quantitative and qualitative terms.Main focus of this paper is to the Czech Republic circumstances. For the comparison are here presented available data from other countries and global data as well.

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Clark, Mike. "Public sector information." Business Information Review 23, no. 2 (June 2006): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266382106065734.

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Amjad Chaudhry, Shahid. "Competition Policy and Democracy in Pakistan." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 1, no. 1 (October 1, 1996): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.1996.v1.i1.a5.

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This paper argues that competition policy has focused exclusively on the productive and financial sectors which has consequently seen periods of extreme concentration of assets by the private sector, nationalisation and subsequent privatisation and de-regulation. However, the political momentum generated from the nationalisation moves in industry and finance has resulted in complete government control through nationalisation of the education sector which has had adverse consequences for human resource development. Public administration has also deteriorated as a result of expansion of the nationalised sector and consequent diversion of economic rents to public administrators. The challenges facing the economy are to increase competitiveness and reduce rent seeking through eliminating trade barriers, privatisation and de-regulation in the production, finance and education sectors which are only possible in democratic environments and which reinforce the democratic process itself particularly through human resource development. An important dilemma relates to the infrastructure and energy sectors where issues of privatising natural monopolies and cartels raise questions of institutional capacity in regulating these sectors.

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Mason, Colin M. "Public Policy Support for the Informal Venture Capital Market in Europe." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 27, no. 5 (September 22, 2009): 536–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266242609338754.

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The ability of small firms to access finance is hindered by persistent market failure, which creates funding gaps for new businesses, particularly in technology sectors, seeking small amounts of finance. This has prompted various forms of public sector intervention to increase the supply of both debt and risk finance. For the past decade (longer in the UK) both the EU and its member states have increasingly focused on the informal venture capital market as a means of increasing the supply of early stage venture capital. This article describes the changing nature of the forms of intervention and provides a critical review of their effectiveness. The lack of data on angel investing means that there is very little evidence on the impact of these forms of intervention. The article advocates that governments should invest in appropriate methodologies which can accurately measure investment trends in the early stage venture capital market, and specifically angel investment activity, so that the need for public sector intervention can be demonstrated and the impact of such interventions can be measured.

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Milewski, Radosław, and Magdalena Tomasiewicz. "Model of performance-based budget planning in public sector entities." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 192, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 335–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2608.

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A performance-based budget as a planned expenditure budget is drawn up in the system of functions, tasks and subtasks, together with the indication of subcontracted tasks and objectives that are to be achiev-ed by the implementation of tasks/subtasks and measures, defining the degree of achievement of the objectives. It is an essential element of the public finance management system of the state as a tool for efficient management of public tasks, ensuring the achievement of specific objectives. It is even more effective in a more utilitarian model. The idea of budgeting appeared in the USA in the 40s of the twentieth century. It was associated with the lack of efficiency of public finances in the form of the traditional budgeting model. Over time, the idea spread to other countries, which are primarily the Member States of the European Union. A performance budget is one of the modern forms of public financial management. The data contained in the budget may provide information on the planned investments or a city’s financial condition. The essence of the budget in the task system is to bind the revenue and expenditure with the relevant public tasks. The article is an attempt to construct a reference model of law-based budgetary planning in the sector of public finances. Development of model solutions shall serve subsequent verification within the selected branch of the economy in the future.

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Morina, Gazmend, Ajete Ukshini, Mustaf Kadriaj, and Zenel Sejfijaj. "IMPLEMENTATION OF GFS IN PUBLIC SECTOR OF KOSOVO." Knowledge International Journal 26, no. 6 (March 18, 2019): 1637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij26061637m.

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In this paper will explain the functioning of the system of GFS (Government Finance Statistics) in the public sector in Kosovo. GFS is part of a series of international guidelines on statistical methodologies that have been issued by the International Monetary Fund. GFS was produced by the IMF’s Statistics Department in fulfillment of its mission to provide strong leadership for the development and application of sound statistical practices, and is published in service of the worldwide trend toward greater accountability and fiscal transparency.GFS will help the Ministry of Finance to prepare the annual data according to GFS and annual government finance statistics.It will also explain the classification of public expenditure in the public sector at central and local level and classification of public enterprises in Kosovo with specific budget. GFS refers generally to the central government, the public sector, including public enterprises, which in post-war Kosovo are not included in the Kosovo budget, except Radio Television of Kosovo, which is an extra budget unit. GFS also aims at co-operating or intermingling the public sector with the private sector. The public sector under the GFS structure consists of all resident institutional units directly or indirectly controlled by resident government units, which means all units of the general government sector and resident corporate corporations. The GFS Guide is a very important guide that facilitates the use and application of data and fiscal analysis for reporting purposes to anyone who wants to implement the GFS structure. Kosovo's benefit and benefit is of great importance as the IMF wants to help Kosovo in the field of fiscal data and the way it is reported. In addition to Kosovo, the IMF is helping other Balkan countries. However, according to GFS the costs or concretely the public accounting should be recorded according to accrual accounting principle. Thus, the government sector should move from accounting principle to cash basis, in accrual accounting principle.

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