Relevant bibliographies by topics / Public sector employment

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Public sector employment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Public sector employment"

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Behar, Alberto, and Junghwan Mok. "Does Public-Sector Employment Fully Crowd Out Private-Sector Employment?" IMF Working Papers 13, no. 146 (2013): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781484329412.001.

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Behar, Alberto, and Junghwan Mok. "Does public‐sector employment fully crowd out private‐sector employment?" Review of Development Economics 23, no. 4 (July 12, 2019): 1891–925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rode.12613.

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Ng, Eddy S. W., Charles W. Gossett, Samuel Chinyoka, and Isaac Obasi. "Public vs private sector employment." Personnel Review 45, no. 6 (September 5, 2016): 1367–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-10-2014-0241.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that may be related to a career choice in the public vs the private sector in a developing African country. Design/methodology/approach Using a sample of graduate management students, the authors tested reward preferences and altruism, elements of public service motivation, on their generalizability to a developing country in Africa. The authors also examine the role of career attitudes, individual personality factors, and cultural values on a career choice in public service. Findings The authors find that not all the factors associated with the choice of sector (public or private) found in previous studies apply in the Botswana context. Research limitations/implications Perry and Wise (1990) developed the concept of public service motivation to explain why individuals may be motivated to serve the public. However, two of the factors associated with public service, intrinsic motivation, and altruism, were not predictive of a career choice in the public sector in Botswana, and thus may limit its generalizability outside of western developed countries. Practical implications In Botswana and other developing economies, government jobs are considered to provide lucrative and stable employment, and attract educated citizens regardless of motivations. However, as the private-for-profit sector is emerging, these countries could soon be facing serious competition for top university students, and will need to develop a strategy for attracting the best talents to choose employment in the public sector over career options in the private sector. Originality/value The present study seeks to further the understanding on how individuals make a career choice between public vs private sector management in a developing country.
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Trejo, Stephen J. "Public Sector Unions and Municipal Employment." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 45, no. 1 (October 1991): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2524709.

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ZAX, JEFFREY S. "Employment and Local Public Sector Unions." Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society 28, no. 1 (January 1989): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232x.1989.tb00720.x.

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Barnard, Andrew. "Regional analysis of public sector employment." Economic & Labour Market Review 2, no. 7 (July 2008): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/elmr.2008.103.

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James, Nicola. "Regional analysis of public sector employment." Economic & Labour Market Review 3, no. 9 (September 2009): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/elmr.2009.159.

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Martinez-Vazquez, Jorge, and Ming-Hung Yao. "Fiscal Decentralization and Public Sector Employment." Public Finance Review 37, no. 5 (August 13, 2009): 539–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091142109343176.

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Trejo, Stephen J. "Public Sector Unions and Municipal Employment." ILR Review 45, no. 1 (October 1991): 166–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399104500112.

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Jefferson, C. W., and M. Trainor. "Public Sector Employment in Regional Development." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, no. 9 (September 1993): 1319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a251319.

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In this paper, the role of public sector employment in regional development is examined, an area which has been neglected in regional science journals and textbooks. The public sector in all regions is large and diverse, and, consequently, changes in national policy may have major and differing implications for regional economies. The national expansion of public sector employment and the debate on its effects on national economies are considered. Trends in UK regional public sector employment are examined, and an attempt is made to formulate the role of such employment within the regional economy. The policy of civil service dispersal from London is examined as an example of how mobile public sector employment can be used to promote operational efficiency and enhance regional and national development.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Public sector employment"

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Yao, Ming-Hung. "Fiscal Decentralization and Public Sector Employment: A Cross-Country Analysis." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07282007-171452/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from title screen. Jorge L. Martinez-Vazquez, committee chair; Michael B. Binford, Neven T. Valev, Sally Wallace, Yongsheng Xu, committee members. Electronic text (134 p. : ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 4, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-133).
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Alkeireidis, Ali. "Employment duration and organisational commitment in the Saudi public sector." Thesis, Kingston University, 2003. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20235/.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the nature and role of organisational commitment among public sector employees in Saudi Arabia. The aim is to develop the public sector to accommodate the rapid growth in the number of employees. This is regarded as one of the most important challenges facing both sectors (public and private). Additionally, this study attempts to identify significant influences on organisational commitment in the public sector in Saudi Arabia. The selected variables are: personal factors (gender, age, level of education, income, marital status, experience); job characteristics (autonomy, skill variety, task identity, feedback and friendship opportunities); work environment (supervision, co-workers, company identification, physical work conditions and financial rewards). The questionnaire in this study was designed to obtain respondents' views in relation to commitment. It was distributed to 900 employees in the public sector in Saudi Arabia (male and female) at all Saudi ministries. The results of this study have indicated that: 1) The five personal variables (gender, age, nationality, marital status and income) have a negative relationship with organisational commitment, while education has a positive and significant relationship with organisational commitment. Experience has a poor relationship with organisational commitment. 2) Variables related to job characteristics (skill, task identity, friendship opportunity, feedback and autonomy) have a positive relationship with organisational commitment. 3) Work environment variables (company identification, co-workers, physical work conditions and financial rewards) have a positive and significant relationship with organisational commitment but supervision has a negative relationship with organisational commitment. The possible contributing factors to these findings were analysed. This study also investigates the feasibility of improving the level of organisational commitment among public sector employees in Saudi Arabia. Finally, recommendations are provided to improve organisational commitment among public sector employees and future areas for research are suggested.
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Katsimi, Margarita. "Three essays on the size of the public sector, public debt and employment." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362724.

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McCaghren, Kathy L. (Kathy Lea). "The Influence of Age on Public Sector Managerial Evaluations." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500979/.

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As the American population ages, the issues of aging and work have gradually come to the forefront. An older and increasingly diverse workforce has raised concerns over job performance, labor costs, and alternative work demands. At the same time, evidence indicates that older workers continue to experience extensive labor market problems due to false assumptions on the part of managers about the limiting effect of age on employee performance. The public sector's ability to respond to age-related issues in the workplace has largely been ignored by both public practitioners and researchers. This study addresses the questions of whether age negatively influences public personnel decisions, and if so, whether such influences adversely affect the treatment of older workers. The results of the survey indicate that public managers are susceptible to age bias when making personnel decisions.
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Alghamedi, Ahmad. "Enhancing employment opportunities in the Saudi Arabian private sector." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10250406.

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The history of unemployment in Saudi Arabia has been a decades-long struggle, and is considered among the biggest challenges facing the Saudi Arabian government. The youth and women, unfortunately, have been the most affected groups of the high unemployment rate in Saudi Arabia. In an effort to decrease the number of unemployed, the government of Saudi Arabia introduced the Saudization program in an attempt to create jobs for Saudi job seekers. The Saudization policy was created by the government and implemented through the Ministry of Labor. The main objective of this program was to maximize efforts in decreasing labor opportunities for foreign workers, while increasing the number of opportunities for Saudis in the private sector. However, the Saudization policy was not as successful as had been anticipated. Therefore, new efforts to alter the policy were rolled out under the Nitaqat scheme in the year 2011. Despite the government’s efforts to improve the employment situation in Saudi Arabia, research indicates that progress to reduce unemployment levels during the past 5 years since Nitaqat was implemented by the Ministry of Labor have been minimal. The main purpose of this research paper was to investigate and draw practical solutions to the unemployment challenges facing Saudi Arabia. This study was based on quantitative method using 2 online surveys: (a) Ministry of Labor employees, and (b) Saudi business owners. The most important findings for this study were a need of reforming the employment policy, changing the education system, and implement and/ or edit policy to create middle-class jobs. Additionally, the study found that there was a mismatch between the market needs and educational outcomes. The study also recommended the need for creating more jobs for women. Last, the study findings called for increasing the cooperation between the private sector and Ministry of Labor to create a more effective employment policy that will generate jobs for the Saudi job seekers.

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Nicholls, Peter Leonard. "Employment restructuring in public sector broadcasting : the case of the BBC." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431156.

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This thesis examines the nature and impact of a set of policies formulated during the 1980s upon the labour process of television production. It locates both the nature of the reforms and the details of their impact within a broader account of the BBC which had become the special target for the government of Margaret Thatcher during the 1980s. The study reports upon the emergence and development of a particular set of work practices associated with television production within the BBC. Working within a set of ideas called 'public service broadcasting,' the workforce had relied upon a unique set of operating procedures that had survived well into the 1980s. This so-called "privileged" organisation, reliant upon a license fee for its income, became the object of intense interest when an expanding media industry was looking for additional opportunities for growth including the advertising industry. For those seeking to restructure this powerful organisation, often considered to represent many of the core values of British society, such as free speech and a liberal tradition resulting in high quality creative programmes, the challenge was to depict an organisation that was in need of modernisation. The form that modernisation took, under a government claiming to want to reduce the scale of the state, was an adoption of neo-liberalism. Instead of a heavy bureaucratic state machine, open Inarkets would allocate resources in television in the fonn of consumer choice. Policies would be devised to replace centralised bureaucracy with devolved budgets Inonitored by accurate financial information systems. This it was clailned would place the BBC within a dynamic market place where a burgeoning independent sector would supply a fresh source of creative talent and drive down costs. Such claims made for the legislation and a number of management policies which sought to reinforce these statutory reforms within the Corporation, appear not to be supported by the findings where there is strong evidence of the growth of temporary non-standard employment in place of secure full-time jobs. This has resulted in lowered commitment and motivation in the workforce. The new procedures for the production process of television Inanufacturing resulted in unforeseen inefficiencies which held the potential to increase costs. Alongside these problems, the role of the producer had been redefined to the point where informal social and political skills were required and supplemented the core creative skills which had traditionally defined this role. The introduction of market-driven reforms has redefined the nature of the television labour process. From the results of this research, it appears that a series of contradictions and unanticipated outcomes makes many of the original claims for these policies appear hollow. If this public sector broadcaster as an agency of the central state is to survive and flourish, it will have to create a role for its producers which allows for sustaining trust, open and honest cOlnmunications and creativity. The teams with which they work will need security, training and careers for sustaining motivation and ambition.
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Reimer, Suzanne. "Geographies of fragmentation : the restructuring of employment in public sector services." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286841.

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Gyles, Anthony F. "The growth and determinants of the United Kingdom public sector employment." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35488.

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Understanding the true intrinsic dynamics of a complex system is a necessary requirement to an accurate understanding of the nature, characteristics and function of that system and ultimately its manipulation and control. The United Kingdom public sector is an example of a complex system. Hence, an accurate understanding of the structure, conduct and performance of the United Kingdom public sector depends on an accurate understanding of its true intrinsic dynamics. This understanding will be of benefit in the processes of management and control, policy formulation and conclusions, risk management and uncertainty in both the short and medium term. In the long term, the expectation is that there will be an array of secondary effects due to the efficient utilisation of scarce resources and so will impose a dynamic structure on the economy and provide benefits for future generations. This thesis focuses attention on the structure, conduct and performance of the U.K. public sector and considers aspects of its intrinsic dynamic nature. The peculiar nature of this dynamics is such that it will be present regardless of the colour of the Government of the day. However, the process of accurate understanding of public sector dynamics is not a simple nor indeed costless process. Further, the expectation is that the underlying dynamics is influenced in a number of ways especially by the Government of the day. For example, the Government of the day, while seeking to achieve broad macroeconomic objectives, upholding the public and national interests and constrained by its political ideology, will act as an intervention on the economy thus transforming its structure, conduct and subsequent performance, temporarily or permanently. Lastly, the problem of accurate identification is further compounded by an array of other domestic and international influences on the U.K. public sector.
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Leasher, Megan K. "DISCRIMINATION ACROSS THE SECTORS: A COMPARISON OF DISCRIMINATION TRENDS IN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1176748116.

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Hlekani, Mphakamisi Witness. "Termination of the employment contract due to ill-health in the public education sector." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020969.

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The subject of the present treatise concerns termination of employment contracts that are effected as a result of an employee’s incapacity on the grounds of ill-health or injury. Every employee has the right not to be dismissed unfairly. The Labour Relations Act, 1995 recognises three grounds on which termination of employment might be legitimate. These include the conduct of the employee, the capacity of the employee and the operational requirements of the employer’s business. However, fundamental to any contract of employment is the obligation that rests on an employee not to be absent from work without justification. The Incapacity Code and Procedure in respect of Ill-health or Injury applicable to Educators is contained in Schedule 1 to the Employment of Educators Act, 1998. In addition there are collective agreements which are the products of collective bargaining that are also applicable to all categories of employees employed in the public education sector. Notably, PSCBC Resolution 7 of 2000 forms part of the subject of our discussion. The Department of Education determined the use of independent Health-risk Managers to provide advice on the management of incapacity leave and ill-health retirement, thereby ensuring objective and impartial evaluation which are largely acceptable to employees and their labour representatives. This is the Policy and Procedure on Incapacity Leave and Ill-Health Retirement in the Public Service. The appointed Health-risk Managers make recommendations to the Head of Department who thereafter implement the recommendations and deal with issues of a case to absolute finality. More importantly, the Policy and Procedure for incapacity leave and ill-health retirement in the Public Service is issued in terms of legislation, that is, section 3(3) of the Public Service Act, 1994 and therefore is not a collective agreement. Under the circumstances, it is not always easy to determine a real dispute and an issue in dispute. Because of this uncertainty arbitrators often found that bargaining councils have no jurisdiction to entertain these disputes, while on the other hand some arbitrators opined that bargaining councils do have jurisdiction In this treatise the general principles of the employment contract, the legislative framework applicable in the public education sector in determining an application for temporary incapacity leave and ill-health retirement and procedural and substantive issues in the termination of employment contract due to ill-health are considered and explained. The legal questions around the issue of discretion exercised by the Head of Department in granting or declining applications for ill-health are also examined. The primary aim of the treatise is to provide a clear exposition of the rather complicated law relating to incapacity due to ill-health and injury in public education.
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Books on the topic "Public sector employment"

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Gottschall, Karin, Bernhard Kittel, Kendra Briken, Jan-Ocko Heuer, Sylvia Hils, Sebastian Streb, and Markus Tepe. Public Sector Employment Regimes. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137313119.

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Malin, Martin H. Public sector employment: Cases and materials. 2nd ed. [St. Paul, MN]: Thomson/West, 2011.

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Grodin, Joseph R. Public sector employment: Cases and materials. St. Paul, MN: Thomson/West, 2004.

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Magali, Imbert-Luccioni, ed. Statistical sources on public sector employment. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1994.

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Jefferson, C. W. Public sector employment in regional development. Belfast: Queen's University of Belfast, 1992.

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McCarry, G. J. Aspects of public sector employment law. Sydney: Law Book Co., 1988.

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Gunderson, Morley. Competitiveness and public sector wages and employment. Kingston, Ont: Queen's University, Government and Competitiveness, School of Policy Studies, 1993.

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Gunderson, Morley. Competitiveness and public sector wages and employment. [Kingston, Ont.]: Government and Competitiveness School of Policy Studies, Queen's University, 1993.

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Pittard, Marilyn. Public Sector Employment in the 21st Century. Canberra: ANU Press, 2007.

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Trends in public sector employment and earnings. Trivandrum: Centre for Development Studies, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Public sector employment"

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Gardner, Margaret, and Gill Palmer. "Public Sector Reforms." In Employment Relations, 431–52. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-15133-2_16.

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Jacobs, Rick, and Donna L. Denning. "Public Sector Employment." In Handbook of Employee Selection, 722–37. Second edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315690193-32.

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Thompson, Mark. "Canadian Public Sector Employment." In Strategic Choices in Reforming Public Service Employment, 127–54. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403920171_6.

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Koshiro, Kazutoshi. "Japanese Public Sector Employment." In Strategic Choices in Reforming Public Service Employment, 155–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403920171_7.

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Gardner, Margaret, and Gill Palmer. "Public Sector Employment Relations in Australia." In Employment Relations, 409–30. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-15133-2_15.

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Gottschall, Karin, Bernhard Kittel, Kendra Briken, Jan-Ocko Heuer, Sylvia Hils, Sebastian Streb, and Markus Tepe. "Introduction." In Public Sector Employment Regimes, 1–12. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137313119_1.

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Gottschall, Karin, Bernhard Kittel, Kendra Briken, Jan-Ocko Heuer, Sylvia Hils, Sebastian Streb, and Markus Tepe. "Conclusions and Outlook." In Public Sector Employment Regimes, 290–302. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137313119_10.

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Gottschall, Karin, Bernhard Kittel, Kendra Briken, Jan-Ocko Heuer, Sylvia Hils, Sebastian Streb, and Markus Tepe. "The Analytical Problem." In Public Sector Employment Regimes, 15–49. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137313119_2.

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Gottschall, Karin, Bernhard Kittel, Kendra Briken, Jan-Ocko Heuer, Sylvia Hils, Sebastian Streb, and Markus Tepe. "Research Design and Methods." In Public Sector Employment Regimes, 50–65. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137313119_3.

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Gottschall, Karin, Bernhard Kittel, Kendra Briken, Jan-Ocko Heuer, Sylvia Hils, Sebastian Streb, and Markus Tepe. "Public Employment Regimes in OECD Countries." In Public Sector Employment Regimes, 69–106. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137313119_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Public sector employment"

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PODSIADLO, Piotr. "State aid for employment and competitiveness of the European Union countries - a legal and finance approach." In Current Trends in Public Sector Research. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9646-2020-11.

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Due to the imperfect functioning of labour markets in certain cases, State aid may be an appropriate instrument for creating new jobs and preserving existing ones. Legal regulation of the issue of State aid is an element of the competition mechanism protection, which was recognized in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). This paper discusses guidelines for implementation of art. 107–109 of the TFEU, from the point of view of State aid for employment. Statistical analysis was carried out on State aid granted by EU Member States in the period 2001–2018 – from the perspective of its impact on competitiveness of these countries. This should lead to verify the thesis that the amount of State aid granted by EU Member States for employment should be positively correlated with the size of the GDP per capita of these countries.
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Kaufmane, Dace. "REMOTE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES AT THE EXTERNAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENTS OF PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANISATIONS." In 5th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/1.5/s05.103.

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Pelse, Modrite, Sandris Ancans, and Lasma Strazdina. "Digitalization in public administration institutions." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.051.

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There is no doubt that digitalization processes make positive effects on the development of a company as emphasized and evidenced by many research papers and studies. However, there are a few empirical research studies on digitalization in the public sector, particularly in public administration institutions. Therefore, the present research aims to identify and compare the level of digitalization in four national public administration institutions: the State Revenue Service, the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs, the State Social Insurance Agency and the State Employment Agency. In Latvia, very good technical solutions and a broadband mobile Internet network are available, the number of Internet users increases all over the world every year, but are they widely used by public administration institutions to provide consumers with appropriate digital services? The State Revenue Service has reached the highest level of maturity in digitalization, and the institution has also allocated the most funds from its budget to information technologies and the maintenance of their systems. The level of digitalization is low in the State Employment Agency and the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs. The public requires public administration services to be available digitally on a 24-hour/7day basis.
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İrmiş, Ayşe, Mehtap Sarıkaya, and Hatice Çoban. "People's Sector as an Alternative Economic Model and the Example of Denizli." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00662.

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People’s sector is an establishment of an enterprise result of bringing together production tools take decisions related to the management of this property and create self-employment opportunities with people’s own savings. This is the most distinctive feature from the private sector and the public sector. As well as the public sector and the private sector, labor is a part of the production, but in people’s sector, employees participate in management, capital and profit. In private sector and public sector there is an up to down organization but in People’s Sector, organization settles from down to top. People’s Sector resemble to publicly held companies and worker companies in Western Europe and United States but differ from them in the form of establishment and statue of partnership. Because in these companies in the West, government or private sector open shares to public or make workers partner to the shares. In these companies, managerial decisions belong to the person or group that holds most of the shares. Whereas in public sector enterprises, people come together and have equal rights in establishment and management of the enterprise, without any person or group keeping the majority of shares in the hand. Without a precedent in the world, this sector is formed in 1970’s with the savings of the workers went from Turkey to Germany and other European countries. In this study, a literature rewiev in the people’s sector has been made, then exemplary research was carried out by the founders of the two People’s sector companies.
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Bakırcı, Fehim, Emine Demet Ekinci, and Tuba Şahinoğlu. "The Effectiveness of Regional Development Policies: An Application on Sub-Regions of Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01103.

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This study aims to determine the effectiveness on regional employment of regional development policies in Turkey. The study has included 12 regions according to NUTS-1 based on data for 2007-2012 periods. The effectiveness of regional development policies in these regions has been estimated by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Inputs in the DEA analysis include total public investment and breakdown of investment incentive certificates according to fixed investments (general investments). Outputs are regional employment data on agriculture, industry and service sector. According to results, efficiency measurement has displayed inequality among regions and years. However, the West Regions has generally been found to have higher efficiency. The results of Turkey have showed that the employment gap causing inefficiencies has been largely derived from employment in agriculture sector.
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Çaha, Ömer. "Work and Family Conflict: The Case of Women in the Turkish Health Sector." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02123.

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This study focuses on employment status and mobilization processes of women at 102 hospitals in 12 provinces of Turkey. The main question of the research is whether women face glass ceiling problem at hospitals, which are the locomotive stations of the healthcare sector. According to research findings based on institutional analysis, questionnaires and in-depth interviews, there is an obvious glass ceiling problem at hospitals. Although the proportion of women working at hospitals is higher than that of men, there are more men at administrative level than women. In this respect, no significant difference has been found between private hospitals and public hospitals. In both sectors, women clearly fall behind men regarding mobilization processes. This is due to working conditions and social relations within hospitals as well as personal preferences.
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CATANA, EMILIA LUCIA. "CERTAIN ASPECTS REGARDING SPECIAL REGULATIONS RELATED TO THE EMPLOYMENT, PROMOTION AND TRANSFER OF CONTRACTUAL STAFF IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR FROM ROMANIA." In 5th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/1.2/s02.057.

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Adebiyi, Juwon, Adebola Bada, Daniel Maduagwu, and Emem Udoh. "Practical Approach for Implementation of the Revised National Policy on Occupational Safety and Health 2020 in the Informal Sector: A Focus on South-South Nigeria." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208225-ms.

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Abstract The regulation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in Nigeria, which is currently seeing some progress in the formal sector, has been short of impressive in the informal sector of the economy. Con- sidering it is the role of every government to ensure that all sectors of the economy operate in a manner that guarantees and ensures the safety and well-being of its citizens, Article 4 of International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 155- Occupational Safety and Health Convention was ratified by the Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (FRN) in 1994, which led to the development of a coherent National Policy on Occupational Safety and Health in 2006. This, inter alia, failed to address the informal sector; hence the Revised National Policy on OSH 2020 was introduced by the Govern- ment, through the office of the Honorable Minister of the Federal Ministry of Labour and Employment, as a framework for bridging the existing gap. In a bid to ensure the success of the Policy document, the Department of Occupational Safety and Health of the Federal Ministry of Labour and Employment was designated the Competent Authority by the Government. This paper takes a look at the stakeholders in the informal sector of the economy, focusing on the south- south part of Nigeria, and identifies some of the challenges hampering the effective implementation of Occupational Safety and Health systems needed for the promotion of safety and health at workplaces. It concludes by providing a practical tool that can be a guide for the policy users, especially in the in- formal sector of the Nigerian economy, in alignment with the second of the three determinants of the future of energy, as captured in the theme for NAICE 2021: "The Future of energy – a trilogy of de- terminants; Climate Change, Public Health, and the Global Oil Market".
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Koç, Özgür Emre. "Health Expenditures in Transition Economies within the Framework of Welfare State." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00957.

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Within the historical framework the public sector has attached a special importance at presenting health services which have priority in cultural and economic areas of society. Being healthy of each citizen in the society contributes to progress and development of the society. It is well known that one of the fields of activities of public sector is to increase welfare of its citizens. States are adopting policies within their own economic structure to realize social welfare. Particularly after II. World War, these policies have gained a new dimension with the developing understanding of welfare state. The concept of welfare state is based on active and comprehensive interferences of state to economy with the aim of providing social prosperity to its citizens with maximum advantage. The welfare state, with its institutionalizing structure, has been an important instrument for social politicises towards social services and combating against poverty. The fundamental chracter of a social welfare state is to present circumtances which enhance life conditions of each citizens and to provide full employment with expenses on social security, health and education. In this study it is aimed to analyze health expenditures of countries, known as transition economies and they are still in their transition period, within the framework of public services providing by a welfare state. A comparison will be made the data on health expenditures in developed economies and evaluating the results.
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Aydemir, Ahmet Fatih, Dilek Özdemir, and Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "The Relationships between Military Expenditures and Unemployment in G-20 States." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01634.

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The effects of the military expenditure on the economic growth and consequently on the employment has been the primary topic of the discussing in the literature of economics. Considering that the military expenditures generally emerge as a sub-item of the public spending, it has been asserted by the liberal approach that the principle of the non-productiveness of the public sector would be even more applicable in the military expenditures. None the less, using the military spending as a tool to lead an economy that feature underemployment constitutes the positive aspect of the views to the military expenditure and this is also the case of the prediction of the Keynesian economy. In this study, the effects of the military expenditure on the unemployment, which is a reflection of the effects of the economic growth, are analyzed as the subject matter. The findings revealed that the military spending has positive effects on the unemployment in some G20 states while it also has negative effects in some and has neutral effects in others. In addition, it is further indicated that the positive effects are experienced in relatively advanced economies, the negative effects emerge in relatively less developed economies, and the countries with abundant natural resources experience neutral effects.
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Reports on the topic "Public sector employment"

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Zaranko, Ben, Alex Davenport, and Jonathan Cribb. Public sector pay and employment: where are we now? Institute for Fiscal Studies, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2019.bn0263.

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Quinn, Joseph, Kevin Cahill, and Michael Giandrea. Transitions From Career Employment Among Public- and Private-Sector Workers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25003.

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Freeman, Richard. How do Public Sector Wages and Employment Respond to Economic Conditions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w1653.

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Freeman, Richard, and Robert Valletta. The Effect of Public Sector Labor laws on Collective Bargaining, Wages, and Employment. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2284.

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Card, David, Thomas Lemieux, and W. Craig Riddell. Unions and Wage Inequality: The Roles of Gender, Skill and Public Sector Employment. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25313.

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Johnson, Tim, and Dalton Conley. Military Service and Public Sector Employment: Birthdates Called in the Vietnam Draft Lotteries Appear Excessively in the Population of Civilian U.S. Federal Personnel Records. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25859.

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Muhoza, Cassilde, Wikman Anna, and Rocio Diaz-Chavez. Mainstreaming gender in urban public transport: lessons from Nairobi, Kampala and Dar es Salaam. Stockholm Environment Institute, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.006.

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The urban population of Africa, the fastest urbanizing continent, has increased from 19% to 39% in the past 50 years, and the number of urban dwellers is projected to reach 770 million by 2030. However, while rapid urbanization has increased mobility and created a subsequent growth in demand for public transport in cities, this has not been met by the provision of adequate and sustainable infrastructure and services. The majority of low-income residents and the urban poor still lack access to adequate transport services and rely on non-motorized and public transport, which is often informal and characterized by poor service delivery. Lack of access to transport services limits access to opportunities that aren’t in the proximity of residential areas, such as education, healthcare, and employment. The urban public transport sector not only faces the challenge of poor service provision, but also of gender inequality. Research shows that, in the existing urban transport systems, there are significant differences in the travel patterns of and modes of transport used by women and men, and that these differences are associated with their roles and responsibilities in society. Moreover, the differences in travel patterns are characterized by unequal access to transport facilities and services. Women are generally underrepresented in the sector, in both its operation and decision-making. Women’s mobility needs and patterns are rarely integrated into transport infrastructure design and services and female users are often victims of harassment and assault. As cities rapidly expand, meeting the transport needs of their growing populations while paying attention to gender-differentiated mobility patterns is a prerequisite to achieving sustainability, livability and inclusivity. Gender mainstreaming in urban public transport is therefore a critical issue, but one which is under-researched in East Africa. This research explores gender issues in public transport in East Africa, focusing in particular on women’s inclusion in both public transport systems and transport policy decision-making processes and using case studies from three cities: Nairobi, Kampala and Dar es Salaam.
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Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. The Unmaking of the Black Blue-Collar Middle Class. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp159.

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In the decade after the Civil Rights Act of 1964, African Americans made historic gains in accessing employment opportunities in racially integrated workplaces in U.S. business firms and government agencies. In the previous working papers in this series, we have shown that in the 1960s and 1970s, Blacks without college degrees were gaining access to the American middle class by moving into well-paid unionized jobs in capital-intensive mass production industries. At that time, major U.S. companies paid these blue-collar workers middle-class wages, offered stable employment, and provided employees with health and retirement benefits. Of particular importance to Blacks was the opening up to them of unionized semiskilled operative and skilled craft jobs, for which in a number of industries, and particularly those in the automobile and electronic manufacturing sectors, there was strong demand. In addition, by the end of the 1970s, buoyed by affirmative action and the growth of public-service employment, Blacks were experiencing upward mobility through employment in government agencies at local, state, and federal levels as well as in civil-society organizations, largely funded by government, to operate social and community development programs aimed at urban areas where Blacks lived. By the end of the 1970s, there was an emergent blue-collar Black middle class in the United States. Most of these workers had no more than high-school educations but had sufficient earnings and benefits to provide their families with economic security, including realistic expectations that their children would have the opportunity to move up the economic ladder to join the ranks of the college-educated white-collar middle class. That is what had happened for whites in the post-World War II decades, and given the momentum provided by the dominant position of the United States in global manufacturing and the nation’s equal employment opportunity legislation, there was every reason to believe that Blacks would experience intergenerational upward mobility along a similar education-and-employment career path. That did not happen. Overall, the 1980s and 1990s were decades of economic growth in the United States. For the emerging blue-collar Black middle class, however, the experience was of job loss, economic insecurity, and downward mobility. As the twentieth century ended and the twenty-first century began, moreover, it became apparent that this downward spiral was not confined to Blacks. Whites with only high-school educations also saw their blue-collar employment opportunities disappear, accompanied by lower wages, fewer benefits, and less security for those who continued to find employment in these jobs. The distress experienced by white Americans with the decline of the blue-collar middle class follows the downward trajectory that has adversely affected the socioeconomic positions of the much more vulnerable blue-collar Black middle class from the early 1980s. In this paper, we document when, how, and why the unmaking of the blue-collar Black middle class occurred and intergenerational upward mobility of Blacks to the college-educated middle class was stifled. We focus on blue-collar layoffs and manufacturing-plant closings in an important sector for Black employment, the automobile industry from the early 1980s. We then document the adverse impact on Blacks that has occurred in government-sector employment in a financialized economy in which the dominant ideology is that concentration of income among the richest households promotes productive investment, with government spending only impeding that objective. Reduction of taxes primarily on the wealthy and the corporate sector, the ascendancy of political and economic beliefs that celebrate the efficiency and dynamism of “free market” business enterprise, and the denigration of the idea that government can solve social problems all combined to shrink government budgets, diminish regulatory enforcement, and scuttle initiatives that previously provided greater opportunity for African Americans in the government and civil-society sectors.
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Bolton, Laura. The Economic Impact of COVID-19 in Colombia. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.073.

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Available data provide a picture for the macro-economy of Colombia, agriculture, and infrastructure. Recent data on trends on public procurement were difficult to find within the scope of this rapid review. In 2020, macro-level employment figures show a large drop between February and April when COVID-19 lockdown measures were first introduced, followed by a gradual upward trend. In December 2020, the employment rate was 4.09 percentage points lower than the employment rate in December 2019. Macro-level figures from the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) show that a higher percentage of men experienced job losses than women in November 2020. However, the evidence presented by the Universidad Nacional de Colombia based on the DANE great integrated house survey shows that a higher proportion of all jobs lost were lost by women in the second quarter. It may be that the imbalance shifted over time, but it is not possible to directly compare the data. Evidence suggests that women were disproportionately more burdened by home activities due to the closure of schools and childcare. There is also a suggestion that women who have lost out where jobs able to function during lockdowns with technology are more likely to be held by men. Literature also shows that women have lower levels of technology literacy. There is a lack of reliable data for understanding the economic impacts of COVID-19 for people living with disabilities. A report on the COVID-19 response and disability for the Latin America region recommends improving collaboration between policymakers and non-governmental organisations. Younger people experienced greater job losses. Data for November 2020 show 3.3 percent of the population aged under 25 lost their job compared to 1.8 percent of those employed between 24 and 54. Agriculture, livestock, and fishing increased by 2.8% in 2020 compared to 2019. And the sector as a whole grew 3.4% between the third and fourth quarters of 2020. In terms of sector differences, construction was harder hit by the initial mobility restrictions than agriculture. Construction contracted by 30.5% in the second quarter of 2020. It is making a relatively healthy recovery with reports that 84% of projects being reactivated following return to work. The President of the Colombian Chamber of Construction predicting an 8.4% growth in the construction of housing and other buildings in 2021.
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Hilbrecht, Margo, David Baxter, Alexander V. Graham, and Maha Sohail. Research Expertise and the Framework of Harms: Social Network Analysis, Phase One. GREO, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2020.006.

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In 2019, the Gambling Commission announced a National Strategy to Reduce Gambling Harms. Underlying the strategy is the Framework of Harms, outlined in Measuring gambling-related harms: A framework for action. "The Framework" adopts a public health approach to address gambling-related harm in Great Britain across multiple levels of measurement. It comprises three primary factors and nine related subfactors. To advance the National Strategy, all componentsneed to be supported by a strong evidence base. This report examines existing research expertise relevant to the Framework amongacademics based in the UK. The aim is to understand the extent to which the Framework factors and subfactors have been studied in order to identify gaps in expertise and provide evidence for decision making thatisrelevant to gambling harms research priorities. A social network analysis identified coauthor networks and alignment of research output with the Framework. The search strategy was limited to peer-reviewed items and covered the 12-year period from 2008 to 2019. Articles were selected using a Web of Science search. Of the 1417 records identified in the search, the dataset was refined to include only those articles that could be assigned to at least one Framework factor (n = 279). The primary factors and subfactors are: Resources:Work and Employment, Money and Debt, Crime;Relationships:Partners, Families and Friends, Community; and Health:Physical Health, Psychological Distress, and Mental Health. We used Gephi software to create visualisations reflecting degree centrality (number of coauthor networks) so that each factor and subfactor could be assessed for the density of research expertise and patterns of collaboration among coauthors. The findings show considerable variation by framework factor in the number of authors and collaborations, suggesting a need to develop additional research capacity to address under-researched areas. The Health factor subcategory of Mental Health comprised almost three-quarters of all citations, with the Resources factor subcategory of Money and Debt a distant second at 12% of all articles. The Relationships factor, comprised of two subfactors, accounted for less than 10%of total articles. Network density varied too. Although there were few collaborative networks in subfactors such as Community or Work and Employment, all Health subfactors showed strong levels of collaboration. Further, some subfactors with a limited number of researchers such as Partners, Families, and Friends and Money and debt had several active collaborations. Some researchers’ had publications that spanned multiple Framework factors. These multiple-factor researchers usually had a wide range of coauthors when compared to those who specialised (with the exception of Mental Health).Others’ collaborations spanned subfactors within a factor area. This was especially notable forHealth. The visualisations suggest that gambling harms research expertise in the UK has considerable room to grow in order to supporta more comprehensive, locally contextualised evidence base for the Framework. To do so, priority harms and funding opportunities will need further consideration. This will require multi-sector and multidisciplinary collaboration consistent with the public health approach underlying the Framework. Future research related to the present analysis will explore the geographic distribution of research activity within the UK, and research collaborations with harms experts internationally.
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