Journal articles on the topic 'Public records Australia Management Case studies'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Public records Australia Management Case studies.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Public records Australia Management Case studies.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Swensen, Greg. "A Short History of Managing Problematic Users of Alcohol in Western Australia by Mental Health Services." SUCHT 66, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0939-5911/a000649.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Aims: This paper examines the role that mental health services (MHS) performed in the management and provision of medical care and treatment of problematic users of alcohol in Western Australia (WA) over the period since 1900. Methods: The research involved an examination of legislative enactments and regulations, records of parliamentary debates in Hansard, administrative records in the State Records Office, and other sources of public information, such as departmental annual reports, reviews of services, studies and newspapers. Results: This research identified three eras of policy involving problematic users. The first, from 1900 to the mid 1970s, focussed on controls in inebriates and lunacy legislation to create a regime of civil commitment, designed to confine and compel ‘inebriates’, as well as ‘convicted inebriates,’ to ‘dry out’ and rehabilitate. The second, between 1975 and the late 1990s, involved the creation of a state-wide system of specialist service providers to provide treatment and recovery for problematic users. The system involved a spectrum of services that included a detoxification hospital, outpatient clinics and community-based regional services established and operated by a statutory public health agency, the Alcohol and Drug Authority (ADA). The third era, which commenced in the late 1990s, involved the transfer of all community-based services from the ADA to ‘not-for-profit’ non-government organisations (NGOs). The end result of this devolution was the ADA retained only a limited treatment role, as the operator of the inpatient detoxification facility. The balance of its functions were redefined in relation to the prevention of the use of alcohol and other drugs, primarily through support of mass public education programs, as well as oversight of funded NGO programs. The paper concludes with a consideration of a recent major development which involved administrative and legislative actions in 2015 to abolish the statutory body which had operated since 1975 and transfer administrative responsibility for drug and alcohol services into the Mental Health Commission.
2
Niklas, Sarah, Dani Alexander, and Scott Dwyer. "Resilient Buildings and Distributed Energy: A Grassroots Community Response to the Climate Emergency." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (March 8, 2022): 3186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063186.
Full textAbstract:
The severity and incidence of extreme weather events are increasing with climate change. In particular, wildfires are becoming more frequent, more intense, and longer lasting than before. Fuelled by long periods of dryness and high temperatures, the Australian wildfires of 2019/2020 were record breaking in terms of destruction and chaos. Rural communities were severely affected by power cuts disabling access to essential services. Following the wildfires, a concept for energy resilient public buildings (“Emergency Distributed Energy System”) emerged as a grassroots community idea from the wildfire-affected area of Gippsland, southeast Australia. A combination of desktop and empirical research explored international examples of energy resilience and climate mitigation, the local services and technologies that are needed in Gippsland, and the legal and regulatory challenges and enablers in Australia. The findings were informed by case studies of responses to natural disasters that included California and Greece (wildfires), New Zealand (earthquake), and India (cyclone). The results determined that community resilience can be increased by offering a more reliable electricity supply that would support greater social, political, and economic structures. The deployment of resilient energy systems should be driven by political will, economic incentives and working with communities to support a concerted shift towards low-emissions and distributed energy technologies.
3
Buford, Anna, Henry Charles Ashworth, Farrah Lynn Ezzeddine, Sara Dada, Eliza Nguyen, Senan Ebrahim, Amy Zhang, et al. "Systematic review of electronic health records to manage chronic conditions among displaced populations." BMJ Open 12, no. 9 (September 2022): e056987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056987.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to assess the impact of electronic health records (EHRs) on health outcomes and care of displaced people with chronic health conditions and determine barriers and facilitators to EHR implementation in displaced populations.DesignA systematic review protocol was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Systematic Reviews.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Health Technology Assessment, Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was searched from inception to 12 April 2021.Eligibility criteria for selected studiesInclusion criteria were original research articles, case reports and descriptions of EHR implementation in populations of displaced people, refugees or asylum seekers with related chronic diseases. Grey literature, reviews and research articles unrelated to chronic diseases or the care of refugees or asylum populations were excluded. Studies were assessed for risk of bias using a modified Cochrane, Newcastle-Ottawa and Joanna Briggs Institute tools.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted data from each study using Covidence. Due to heterogeneity across study design and specific outcomes, a meta-analysis was not possible. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo V.12 (QSR International, Melbourne, Australia). An inductive analysis was used in order to uncover patterns and themes in the experiences, general outcomes and perceptions of EHR implementation.ResultsA total of 32 studies across nine countries were included: 14 in refugee camps/settlements and 18 in asylum countries. Our analysis suggested that EHRs improve health outcomes for chronic diseases by increasing provider adherence to guidelines or treatment algorithms, monitoring of disease indicators, patient counselling and patient adherence. In asylum countries, EHRs resource allocation to direct clinical care and public health services, as well as screening efforts. EHR implementation was facilitated by their adaptability and ability to integrate into management systems. However, barriers to EHR development, deployment and data analysis were identified in refugee settings.ConclusionOur results suggest that well-designed and integrated EHRs can be a powerful tool to improve healthcare systems and chronic disease outcomes in refugee settings. However, attention should be paid to the common barriers and facilitating actions that we have identified such as utilising a user-centred design. By implementing adaptable EHR solutions, health systems can be strengthened, providers better supported and the health of refugees improved.
4
Apolinário-Hagen, Jennifer, Jessica Kemper, and Carolina Stürmer. "Public Acceptability of E-Mental Health Treatment Services for Psychological Problems: A Scoping Review." JMIR Mental Health 4, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mental.6186.
Full textAbstract:
Background Over the past decades, the deficient provision of evidence-based interventions for the prevention and treatment of mental health problems has become a global challenge across health care systems. In view of the ongoing diffusion of new media and mobile technologies into everyday life, Web-delivered electronic mental health (e-mental health) treatment services have been suggested to expand the access to professional help. However, the large-scale dissemination and adoption of innovative e-mental health services is progressing slowly. This discrepancy between potential and actual impact in public health makes it essential to explore public acceptability of e-mental health treatment services across health care systems. Objective This scoping review aimed to identify and evaluate recent empirical evidence for public acceptability, service preferences, and attitudes toward e-mental health treatments. On the basis of both frameworks for technology adoption and previous research, we defined (1) perceived helpfulness and (2) intentions to use e-mental health treatment services as indicators for public acceptability in the respective general population of reviewed studies. This mapping should reduce heterogeneity and help derive implications for systematic reviews and public health strategies. Methods We systematically searched electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, Psyndex, PsycARTICLES, and Cochrane Library, using reference management software for parallel searches) to identify surveys published in English in peer-reviewed journals between January 2010 and December 2015, focusing on public perceptions about e-mental health treatments outside the context of clinical, psychosocial, or diagnostic interventions. Both indicators were obtained from previous review. Exclusion criteria further involved studies targeting specific groups or programs. Results The simultaneous database search identified 76 nonduplicate records. Four articles from Europe and Australia were included in this scoping review. Sample sizes ranged from 217 to 2411 participants of ages 14-95 years. All included studies used cross-sectional designs and self-developed measures for outcomes related to both defined indicators of public acceptability. Three surveys used observational study designs, whereas one study was conducted as an experiment investigating the impact of brief educational information on attitudes. Taken together, the findings of included surveys suggested that e-mental health treatment services were perceived as less helpful than traditional face-to-face interventions. Additionally, intentions to future use e-mental health treatments were overall smaller in comparison to face-to-face services. Professional support was essential for help-seeking intentions in case of psychological distress. Therapist-assisted e-mental health services were preferred over unguided programs. Unexpectedly, assumed associations between familiarity with Web-based self-help for health purposes or “e-awareness” and intentions to use e-mental health services were weak or inconsistent. Conclusions Considering the marginal amount and heterogeneity of pilot studies focusing on public acceptability of e-mental health treatments, further research using theory-led approaches and validated measures is required to understand psychological facilitator and barriers for the implementation of innovative services into health care.
5
Jiang, Jialing, Christopher M. Warren, Rebekah L. Browning, Christina E. Ciaccio, and Ruchi S. Gupta. "Food allergy epidemiology and racial and/or ethnic differences." Journal of Food Allergy 2, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/jfa.2020.2.200028.
Full textAbstract:
In recent decades, immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy has become a growing public health concern. Converging evidence from cross-sectional prevalence studies, health care utilization records, and cohort studies indicate that food allergies are increasingly prevalent and often severe. Although IgE-mediated food allergy has long been considered a predominantly pediatric concern, analysis of recent self-reported data suggests that food allergies may be more prevalent among adult populations than previously acknowledged, with many reported cases of adult-onset allergies as well as persistent childhood-onset allergies. Results of studies also suggest that food allergy‐related health care utilization is increasing as more individuals seek emergency treatment for food-induced anaphylaxis. Analysis of epidemiologic data also indicates that the burden of food allergies is unequally distributed. Published prevalence rates are highest in Western countries, e.g., the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Within these countries, there also is heterogeneity across racial and/or ethnic groups, with non-White and second-generation immigrant populations disproportionately affected. Importantly, such observations can shed light on the etiology of food allergy and inform improved clinical management, treatment, and prevention efforts. For example, there is a growing consensus that earlier introduction of allergenic foods, e.g., peanut, promotes oral tolerance and can dramatically reduce food allergy risk. In addition, much attention has been paid to the potentially deleterious effects of cutaneous allergen exposure, e.g., through eczematous skin, which can skew the immune response away from tolerance and toward allergic sensitization, thereby increasing food allergy risk. Furthermore, there is a growing appreciation for the potential protective effects of diverse microbial exposures, given mounting evidence for the immunomodulatory effects of the human microbiome. Also, when considering the geographic variability in the prevalence of certain food and environmental allergies as well as their structural similarities at the molecular level, it is believed that co-sensitization between food and environmental allergens may be a key driver of rising food allergy prevalence.
6
Hallinan, Christine Mary, Sedigheh Khademi Habibabadi, Mike Conway, and Yvonne Ann Bonomo. "Social media discourse and internet search queries on cannabis as a medicine: A systematic scoping review." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): e0269143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269143.
Full textAbstract:
The use of cannabis for medicinal purposes has increased globally over the past decade since patient access to medicinal cannabis has been legislated across jurisdictions in Europe, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, and Australia. Yet, evidence relating to the effect of medical cannabis on the management of symptoms for a suite of conditions is only just emerging. Although there is considerable engagement from many stakeholders to add to the evidence base through randomized controlled trials, many gaps in the literature remain. Data from real-world and patient reported sources can provide opportunities to address this evidence deficit. This real-world data can be captured from a variety of sources such as found in routinely collected health care and health services records that include but are not limited to patient generated data from medical, administrative and claims data, patient reported data from surveys, wearable trackers, patient registries, and social media. In this systematic scoping review, we seek to understand the utility of online user generated text into the use of cannabis as a medicine. In this scoping review, we aimed to systematically search published literature to examine the extent, range, and nature of research that utilises user-generated content to examine to cannabis as a medicine. The objective of this methodological review is to synthesise primary research that uses social media discourse and internet search engine queries to answer the following questions: (i) In what way, is online user-generated text used as a data source in the investigation of cannabis as a medicine? (ii) What are the aims, data sources, methods, and research themes of studies using online user-generated text to discuss the medicinal use of cannabis. We conducted a manual search of primary research studies which used online user-generated text as a data source using the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases in October 2022. Editorials, letters, commentaries, surveys, protocols, and book chapters were excluded from the review. Forty-two studies were included in this review, twenty-two studies used manually labelled data, four studies used existing meta-data (Google trends/geo-location data), two studies used data that was manually coded using crowdsourcing services, and two used automated coding supplied by a social media analytics company, fifteen used computational methods for annotating data. Our review reflects a growing interest in the use of user-generated content for public health surveillance. It also demonstrates the need for the development of a systematic approach for evaluating the quality of social media studies and highlights the utility of automatic processing and computational methods (machine learning technologies) for large social media datasets. This systematic scoping review has shown that user-generated content as a data source for studying cannabis as a medicine provides another means to understand how cannabis is perceived and used in the community. As such, it provides another potential ‘tool’ with which to engage in pharmacovigilance of, not only cannabis as a medicine, but also other novel therapeutics as they enter the market.
7
Braithwaite, Jeffrey, Robyn Clay-Williams, Natalie Taylor, Hsuen P. Ting, Teresa Winata, Emily Hogden, Zhicheng Li, et al. "Deepening our Understanding of Quality in Australia (DUQuA): An overview of a nation-wide, multi-level analysis of relationships between quality management systems and patient factors in 32 hospitals." International Journal for Quality in Health Care 32, Supplement_1 (December 3, 2019): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzz103.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective The Deepening our Understanding of Quality in Australia (DUQuA) project is a multisite, multi-level, cross-sectional study of 32 of the largest hospitals in Australia. This overview examines relationships between (i) organization-level quality management systems and department-level quality management strategies and (ii) patient-level measures (clinical treatment processes, patient-reported perceptions of care and clinical outcomes) within Australian hospitals. Design We examined hospital quality improvement structures, processes and outcomes, collecting data at organization, department and patient levels for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), hip fracture and stroke. Data sources included surveys of quality managers, clinicians and patients, hospital visits, medical record reviews and national databases. Outcomes data and patient admissions data were analysed. Relationships between measures were evaluated using multi-level models. We based the methods on the Deepening our Understanding of Quality Improvement in Europe (DUQuE) framework, extending that work in parts and customizing the design to Australian circumstances. Setting, participants and outcome measures The 32 hospitals, containing 119 participating departments, provided wide representation across metropolitan, inner and outer regional Australia. We obtained 31 quality management, 1334 clinician and 857 patient questionnaires, and conducted 2401 medical record reviews and 151 external assessments. External data via a secondary source comprised 14 460 index patient admissions across 14 031 individual patients. Associations between hospital, Emergency Department (ED) and department-level systems and strategies and five patient-level outcomes were assessed: 19 of 165 associations (11.5%) were statistically significant, 12 of 79 positive associations (15.2%) and 7 of 85 negative associations (8.2%). Results We did not find clear relationships between hospital-level quality management systems, ED or department quality strategies and patient-level outcomes. ED-level clinical reviews were related to adherence to clinical practice guidelines for AMI, hip fracture and stroke, but in different directions. The results, when considered alongside the DUQuE results, are suggestive that front line interventions may be more influential than department-level interventions when shaping quality of care and that multi-pronged strategies are needed. Benchmark reports were sent to each participating hospital, stimulating targeted quality improvement activities. Conclusions We found no compelling relationships between the way care is organized and the quality of care across three targeted patient-level outcome conditions. The study was cross-sectional, and thus we recommend that the relationships studied should be assessed for changes across time. Tracking care longitudinally so that quality improvement activities are monitored and fed back to participants is an important initiative that should be given priority as health systems strive to develop their capacity for quality improvement over time.
8
Keating, Barry, and Maryann Keating. "Private firms, public entities, and microeconomic incentives." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 21, no. 2 (May 16, 2013): 176–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-08-2011-0499.
Full textAbstract:
PurposePublic private partnerships (PPPs) centralize decision making into a hybrid type of firm, consisting of a government entity with a private firm, that is either a profit‐seeking or non‐profit entity, that initiates, constructs, maintains, or provides a service. The PPP model recognizes that both the public and the private sectors have certain comparative advantages in the performance of specific tasks. PPPs, grounded in cost/benefit analysis, have been used in Australia for decades and are presently being introduced in the USA as a form of innovate contracting. This paper aims to evaluate PPPs as a potentially transferable model for the delivery of public services. PPP firms are evaluated in terms of capital asset management, productive and allocative efficiency, transfer of risk between the public and private sectors, rights to the residual, and the public interest. A case study comparison of Fremantle Ports (Australia) and the Indiana Toll Road (USA) is employed to demonstrate PPP design and function.Design/methodology/approachA description and evaluation of public private partnerships (PPP) is presented and two original and primary case studies are reviewed.FindingsA PPP functioning as a monopoly provider of a common pool public asset approximates economic efficiency when user fees cover virtually full cost. Identifying optimal output and quality assessment is more challenging in the case of social goods in which the public goal is subsidy minimization and clients cannot assess quality. Best practices are helpful; they guarantee the PPP process, but not the outcome. All PPPs, in whatever country or industry, are vulnerable to bureaucratic expansion whenever they are given access to subsidized loans underwritten by taxpayers.Originality/valueThe two case studies in this paper are 100 percent original; they were examined in person by the authors, and the managers of the two entities were interviewed in Indiana (USA) and Fremantle, Western Australia.
9
Broadfoot∗, Patricia. "Notes and Case Studies: A Profitable Time for Records of Achievement." British Journal of Education & Work 5, no. 1 (January 1992): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0269000920050105.
Full text
10
Chapman, Simon, and Melanie Wakefield. "Tobacco Control Advocacy in Australia: Reflections on 30 Years of Progress." Health Education & Behavior 28, no. 3 (June 2001): 274–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019810102800303.
Full textAbstract:
Australia has one of the world’s most successful records on tobacco control. The role of public health advocacy in securing public and political support for tobacco control legislation and policy and program support is widely acknowledged and enshrined in World Health Organization policy documents yet is seldom the subject of analysis in the public health policy research literature. Australian public health advocates tend to not work in settings where evaluation and systematic planning are valued. However, their day-to-day strategies reveal considerable method and grounding in framing theory. The nature of media advocacy is explored, with differences between the conceptualization of routine “programmatic” public health interventions and the modus operandi of media advocacy highlighted. Two case studies on securing smoke-free indoor air and banning all tobacco advertising are used to illustrate advocacy strategies that have been used in Australia. Finally, the argument that advocacy should emanate from communities and be driven by them is considered.
11
Vaghasiya, Milan R., Simon K. Poon, Naren Gunja, and Jonathan Penm. "The Impact of Electronic Medication Management Systems on Medication Deviations on Admission and Discharge from Hospital." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 19, 2023): 1879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031879.
Full textAbstract:
Medication errors at transition of care remain a concerning issue. In recent times, the use of integrated electronic medication management systems (EMMS) has caused a reduction in medication errors, but its effectiveness in reducing medication deviations at transition of care has not been studied in hospital-wide settings in Australia. The aim of this study is to assess medication deviations, such as omissions and mismatches, pre-EMMS and post-EMMS implementation at transition of care across a hospital. In this study, patient records were reviewed retrospectively to identify medication deviations (medication omissions and medication mismatches) at admission and discharge from hospital. A total of 400 patient records were reviewed (200 patients in the pre-EMMS and 200 patients in the post-EMMS group). Out of 400 patients, 112 in the pre-EMMS group and 134 patients in post-EMMS group met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. A total of 105 out of 246 patients (42.7%) had any medication deviations on their medications. In the pre-EMMS group, 59 out of 112 (52.7%) patients had any deviations on their medications compared to 46 out of 134 patients (34.3%) from the post-EMMS group (p = 0.004). The proportion of patients with medication omitted from inpatient orders was 36.6% in the pre-EMMS cohort vs. 22.4% in the post-EMMS cohort (p = 0.014). Additionally, the proportion of patients with mismatches in medications on the inpatient charts compared to their medication history was 4.5% in the pre-EMMS group compared to 0% in the post-EMMS group (p = 0.019). Similarly, the proportion of patients with medications omitted from their discharge summary was 23.2% in the pre-EMMS group vs. 12.7% in the post-EMMS group (p = 0.03). Our study demonstrates a reduction in medication deviations after the implementation of the EMMS in hospital settings.
12
Klareld, Ann-Sofie. "Recordkeeping in an outsourcing public agency." Records Management Journal 28, no. 1 (March 19, 2018): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-02-2017-0002.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the implications of an outsourcing policy for public recordkeeping. The research question addressed is as follows: What are the current impediments to create, capture, organize and pluralize records produced by contractors to whom work has been outsourced? Design/methodology/approach The paper uses four dimensions of the records continuum model (RCM) as a structure for understanding what important aspects of recordkeeping that can be affected by an outsourcing policy and discuss the consequences for the creation of public archives. An investment project at a Swedish public agency with a far-reaching outsourcing policy in the form of a client–contractor model is used as a case to exemplify the problem. Findings The findings indicate that the legal framework for recordkeeping needs further development, or clarification as to how it should be interpreted in the outsourcing context. More case studies are needed to provide richer data about recordkeeping challenges arising from outsourcing and further opportunities for theoretical analysis using the RCM. Originality/value The RCM has been used in a first attempt to understand various aspects of records management practices and what principles need to be taken into account when making such significant organizational structural and cultural changes.
13
Mirza, Yaser. "Challenges for Managing Complex Application Portfolios: A Case Study of South Australian Public Sector Agency." International Journal of Managing Information Technology 13, no. 03 (August 30, 2021): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijmit.2021.13301.
Full textAbstract:
This research explores the challenges in management and the root cause for complex application portfolios in the public sector. It takes Australian public sector organisations with the case of South Australia Police (SAPOL) for evaluation it being one of the significant and mission critical state government agencies. The exploratory research surfaces some of the key challenges using interview as primary data collection source, along with archive records, documentation, and direct observation as secondary sources. This paper reports on the information analysed surfacing eight key issues. It highlights that the organic growth of the technology portfolios, with mission criticality has resulted in many quick fixes which are not aligned with long term enterprise architectural stability. Integration of different mismatched technologies, along with the pressure from the business to always keep the lights on, does not provide the opportunity for the portfolios to be rationalised in an ongoing way. Other issues and the areas for further study are explored at the end.
14
Caldwell, Brian John. "Impact of school autonomy on student achievement: cases from Australia." International Journal of Educational Management 30, no. 7 (September 12, 2016): 1171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-10-2015-0144.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report four case studies in Australia that respond to the question: “How have schools with a relatively high degree of autonomy used their increased authority and responsibility to make decisions that have led in explicit cause-and-effect fashion to higher levels of student achievement”? Design/methodology/approach A conventional case study methodology was adopted, framed by a review of evidence in the international literature. The studies were conducted in the Australian Capital Territory, Queensland and Victoria. Senior leaders in systems of public education in these jurisdictions nominated schools which have had a relatively high degree of autonomy for at least two years; have achieved high levels of student achievement, or have shown noteworthy improvement; and are able to explain how the link between autonomy and achievement had been made. The four schools chosen from these nominations represented different types as far as level and location were concerned. Triangulation of sources was a feature of the studies. Findings The findings reveal that the schools were able to explain the links and that it was possible to map the cause-and-effect chain. Schools used their autonomy to select staff and allocate funds in their budgets, each being capacities that came with a higher level of autonomy. Leadership was important. Research limitations/implications The paper cautions against generalizing the findings. Originality/value There is international interest in the extent to which granting public schools a higher level of autonomy than has traditionally been the case in various national settings has had an impact on student achievement. These case studies go part of the way in describing what schools do when they successfully take up a higher level of authority and responsibility as one strategy in efforts to raise levels of achievement.
15
Robin, Libby, Steve Morton, and Mike Smith. "Writing a History of Scientific Endeavour in Australia’s Deserts." Historical Records of Australian Science 25, no. 2 (2014): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr14011.
Full textAbstract:
This special issue of Historical Records of Australian Science explores some of the sciences that have contributed to our understanding of inland Australia, country variously known as desert, the arid zone, drylands and the outback. The sciences that have concentrated on deserts include ecology, geomorphology, hydrology, rangeland management, geography, surveying, meteorology and geology, plus many others. In recognition that desert science has surged ahead in the past few decades, we have invited contributors who describe various different desert initiatives. We use these case studies to open up the discussion about how Australians see their desert lands, how this has changed over time and how desert scientists from the rest of the world regard the distinctive desert country in Australia.
16
Nimmo, Dale Graeme, and Kelly K. Miller. "Ecological and human dimensions of management of feral horses in Australia: a review." Wildlife Research 34, no. 5 (2007): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr06102.
Full textAbstract:
In Australia, the management of feral horse populations is a contentious issue, owing to their pluralistic status as an introduced pest and a national icon. In this review, we synthesise current knowledge of the ecological effects of feral horses and the human dimensions of feral horse management, using case studies from around the world to illustrate contentious and successful management practices. We highlight gaps in the literature and suggest that more peer-reviewed research would be beneficial in reducing the current public controversy surrounding management of feral horses.
17
Logan, Brendan, Kathryn H. Taffs, and Laura Cunningham. "Applying paleolimnological techniques in estuaries: a cautionary case study from Moreton Bay, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 9 (2010): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09277.
Full textAbstract:
Paleoecological techniques are useful tools to identify restoration targets and natural variability for natural resource management programs. However, despite recent advances, caution is required when employing paleoecological techniques in estuaries, due to their dynamic nature relative to lake environments where these techniques were pioneered. This study used a novel combination of chronological, diatom, geochemical and isotopic data to assess the effectiveness of using these techniques in estuaries, and to develop an understanding of environmental changes within Moreton Bay, an open estuarine environment in subtropical east Australia. Results indicated mixed success, with 210Pb results indicating only background unsupported 210Pb levels, 14C results indicating sediment deposition from mixed sources, no diatom preservation and inconsistencies between geochemical and isotope proxies. Evidence did exist that the Moreton Bay sediments have been derived from different sources over the past 10 000 years. However, isotope records were not able to identify the likely sources of these sediments. Problems with diatom preservation were most probably due to the high salinity and temperatures associated with subtropical open embayment estuaries. Future studies attempting to identify environmental histories of estuaries should incorporate river-influenced locations rather than marine-dominated sites to ensure better diatom preservation and more definitive geochemical signals.
18
Paterson, John. "Water Management and Recreational Values; Some Cases in Victoria, Australia." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0021.
Full textAbstract:
The growing recognition of recreational and amenity demands on water systems introduces a multitude of issues, many of them complex, to the established tasks of water quality management and water management generally. Victorian case studies are presented. They (1) illustrate the range and diversity of situations that can arise in managing competition and enhancing compatibility between traditional water supply objectives and recreational demands. (2) Fluctuation of storage levels, essential to storage operations, detract from recreational value. Recreational and tourism demands upon Lake Hume have grown to threaten traditional operating flexibility. (3) Mokoan is another such instance, but with its supply function in a state of flux, Lake Mokoan provides more scope for a shift in the balance. (4) Salinity management has become an issue in the management of lakes and wetlands when water supply interests and environmental/recreation interests respectively have different perspectives on salt disposal. (5) Recreational use of town supply sources has long been a vexed issue, although marked shifts in the attitudues of many supply authorities have occurred in recent years. (6) Eutrophication of lakes and estuaries raises difficult issues of responsibility and scientific uncertainty, and the water management connection may be tenuous but will attract public attention. (7) The water body attributes valued by specialised recreational interests require definition in terms that water managers can deal with using routine techniques of systems analysis and evaluation. (8) The demands of the fish population and anglers introduce a new perspective in river management and perceptions of instream values are changing markedly. (9) Direct costs of recreational services supplied by water authorities are not fully accounted: allocation choices and fiscal incidence will emerge as issues of significance. (10) These case studies raise only a fraction of the total range of matters that will, in the years to come, tax the technology and political skills of governments and management.
19
Saeed, Ali Mohammed, Colin Duffield, and Felix Kin Peng Hui. "An enhanced framework for assessing the operational performance of public-private partnership school projects." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 8, no. 2 (May 14, 2018): 194–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-07-2017-0041.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose A study of the current practices for evaluating the ex-post performance of public-private partnership (PPP) school projects in Australia via literature review and qualitative case studies has found that no consistent approach exists for evaluating operational performance. A detailed critique of international PPP audits and practices has identified existing gaps in ex-post performance evaluation. Through a process of comparative analysis and industry confirmation, a performance analysis technique aligned with international practice has been developed that can be utilised by the educational departments across Australia to evaluate the ex-post performance of PPP projects (PPPs). The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper opted for qualitative archival analysis of case studies using pattern matching, explanation building, time series, and comparative analysis. The data used for document analysis included value reports, project summaries, and contract documents, as well as local and international audit guidelines. Findings This paper reviewed current practices, identified a range of processes, and reported the best practices. However, consideration of the approaches taken in the UK and Australia for evaluating operational performance indicates that current techniques lack consistency. Research limitations/implications The developed ex-post performance measurement framework is limited to Australian PPP school projects and, at this stage, cannot be generalised to other social PPP projects. Practical implications The paper includes implications for the development of better performance evaluation practices and audits. Social implications An enhanced framework for measuring operational performance will increase the accountability of taxpayers in the content of their utilisation by the government. Originality/value This paper presents an enhanced ex-post performance measurement framework for education departments across Australia.
20
Daniel, Jacquiline, and Faraja Ndumbaro. "A Descriptive Study of Infrastructure Capabilities for Digital Records Preservation among Selected Public Institutions in Tanzania." University of Dar es Salaam Library Journal 16, no. 2 (February 7, 2022): 139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/udslj.v16i2.10.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, results of a descriptive study on institutional infrastructure capabilities for preserving digital records are presented. The study was carried out at Records and Archives Management Department (RAMD) and Registration, Insolvency and Trusteeship Agency (RITA). Informing the study, two research questions were in consideration: How capable are RAMD and RITA in terms of infrastructure capabilities for preserving digital records? What infrastructural challenges RAMD and RITA contend in preserving digital records? A multiple case studies and mixed research approaches were used. The study population comprised of 290 staff members, 75 from RAMD and 215 from RITA. A sample of 74 middle and lower level officers and 13 senior staff were purposively and randomly selected respectively. Data were collected through key informant’s face to face interview and questionnaire. Results indicate that RAMD and RITA have relatively advanced infrastructure capabilities. Notably, shortage of fund, inadequate hardware, insufficient IT support, inadequate management commitment towards enhancement of infrastructure capabilities are among the digital records preservation challenges faced by RAMD and RITA. Based on the results, would seem to suggest that RAMD and RITA are at transitional capabilities because the available infrastructures are advance but inadequate to effectively support digital records preservation initiatives.
21
O'Donnell, Renee, Melissa Savaglio, Dave Vicary, and Helen Skouteris. "Effect of community mental health care programs in Australia: a systematic review." Australian Journal of Primary Health 26, no. 6 (2020): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py20147.
Full textAbstract:
Although numerous studies have examined the effects of community-based mental health care programs in Australia, no synthesis of this literature exists. This systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature described the types of community-based mental health care programs delivered and evaluated in Australia in the past 20 years, and evaluated their impact in improving outcomes for those with a serious mental illness (SMI). Articles were included if they evaluated the extent to which the programs delivered in Australia improved individual outcomes, including hospitalisations, psychiatric symptoms, substance misuse or psychosocial outcomes, for individuals with an SMI. Forty studies were included. Community-based mental health care programs were categorised into three types: case management (n=23), therapeutic (n=11) and lifestyle (n=6). Therapeutic programs were most effective in reducing psychiatric symptoms. Case management approaches yielded significant improvements in psychosocial outcomes. Lifestyle programs were inconclusive in improving individual outcomes. This review provides support for the implementation of community-based mental health care programs that are informed by both therapeutic and case management principles. A multidisciplinary team that can facilitate the provision of therapeutic and psychosocial support may be most beneficial for those with an SMI within the Australian community.
22
Holmes, Cheryl. "From Chaplaincy to Spiritual Care: Turning points for an emerging health profession." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 16, no. 4 (December 13, 2021): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v16i4.691.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: National standards in Australia acknowledge the significance of spiritual care in the provision of holistic care, understanding that peoples’ beliefs and values impact their experience and health outcomes. While spiritual care has been provided in Australian hospitals for many decades little attention has been given to changes in the workforce and the implications for quality of care. This study aimed to further understanding of the key influences and mechanisms for change to ensure safe and high-quality spiritual care provision in Australia by a qualified and credentialed workforce. Methods: This study used a qualitative case study design which included interviews and analysis of archived records. Narrative analysis produced an extensive organisational case study from which a timeline of key changes significant to the spiritual care workforce was constructed to inform this paper. Results: There have been movements towards a professional spiritual care workforce, but progress has been slow, and inconsistency persists across Australia. Five key influences were identified that provide a basis for future progress: the need for evidence, cooperation amongst stakeholders, investment by government and health service management, and leadership and advocacy from spiritual care peak bodies. Conclusions: Attention to historical turning points enables understanding of the influences for change. These can become opportunities for health management to further progress towards a qualified and credentialed spiritual care workforce able to deliver safe and high-quality spiritual care.
23
Porogo, Keneilwe Margret. "Digital preservation regulatory frameworks for e-government infrastructure in selected Ministries of Botswana." Journal of the South African Society of Archivists 55 (November 8, 2022): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jsasa.v55i.10.
Full textAbstract:
This study assessed the digital preservation regulatory frameworks for digital records infrastructures in selected ministries in Botswana. Several research studies have been conducted but they did not clearly provide the regulatory frameworks affecting the preservation of digital records in the Botswana public service. The study adopted a pragmatic paradigm and embedded mixed method approach, whereby a cross-sectional survey and case study were deployed in each of the six selected ministries as a unit of analysis. Few ministries had implemented electronic records management systems that were not capable of preserving digital records even though they were expected to provide reliable, authentic and understandable records. The results revealed Botswana's weak legal system for digital records preservation.
24
Hawke, Melanie, and Joe Byrne. "Community-based Early Childhood Assessment and Intervention in Rural Settings: Transdisciplinary Case Management of Developmental Delay in Children." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 4 (2000): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00046.
Full textAbstract:
This paper reports on an assessment of the need for early intervention services for children aged 0-8 years in the Southern Fleurieu sub-region of South Australia and an evaluation of the efficacy of utilising a generic community health service to provide the therapeutic and case management services to appropriately address those needs. Previous studies in regional South Australia estimated the incidence of developmental delay in children to be 5% of the total population aged 0-8 years (Barossa Valley, 1997). This estimate indicated a client group of over 130 in the Southern Fleurieu sub-region. The project team adopted a transdisciplinary model for early identification and intervention, with over half the children on the program aged less than five years, indicating that the program addressed needs of children at an early age. Outcomes have demonstrated the appropriateness of using a transdisciplinary approach in a regional setting and the community health service as the auspice has shown an increase in the capacity for therapists to provide the wide variety of programs that are essential in addressing early childhood delay.
25
McKay, Jennifer. "Water institutional reforms in Australia." Water Policy 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2005.0003.
Full textAbstract:
With a brief description of the physical setting and institutional history of the Australian water sector, this paper reviews the water institutional reforms in Australia focusing especially on the nature and extent of reforms initiated since 1995 and provides a few case studies to highlight the issues and challenges in effecting changes in some key reform components. The reforms initiated in 1995 are notable for their comprehensiveness, fiscal incentives and clear and time-bound targets to be achieved. Although water institutions in Australia have undergone remarkable changes, thanks to the reforms, there are still issues and challenges inherent in reforming maturing water institutions. Regional diversity in legal systems and quality standards as well as conflicts between private interest and public welfare are still serious to constraining market-based water allocation and management. While Australia still needs further reforms, its recent reform experience provides considerable insights into the understanding of both the theory and the practice of water institutional reforms.
26
King, Robert. "Caseload Management, Work-Related Stress and Case Manager Self-Efficacy Among Victorian Mental Health Case Managers." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 43, no. 5 (January 1, 2009): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670902817661.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: In Australia and comparable countries, case management has become the dominant process by which public mental health services provide outpatient clinical services to people with severe mental illness. There is recognition that caseload size impacts on service provision and that management of caseloads is an important dimension of overall service management. There has been little empirical investigation, however, of caseload and its management. The present study was undertaken in the context of an industrial agreement in Victoria, Australia that required services to introduce standardized approaches to caseload management. The aims of the present study were therefore to (i) investigate caseload size and approaches to caseload management in Victoria's mental health services; and (ii) determine whether caseload size and/or approach to caseload management is associated with work-related stress or case manager self-efficacy among community mental health professionals employed in Victoria's mental health services. Method: A total of 188 case managers responded to an online cross-sectional survey with both purpose-developed items investigating methods of case allocation and caseload monitoring, and standard measures of work-related stress and case manager personal efficacy. Results: The mean caseload size was 20 per full-time case manager. Both work-related stress scores and case manager personal efficacy scores were broadly comparable with those reported in previous studies. Higher caseloads were associated with higher levels of work-related stress and lower levels of case manager personal efficacy. Active monitoring of caseload was associated with lower scores for work-related stress and higher scores for case manager personal efficacy, regardless of size of caseload. Although caseloads were most frequently monitored by the case manager, there was evidence that monitoring by a supervisor was more beneficial than self-monitoring. Conclusion: Routine monitoring of caseload, especially by a workplace supervisor, may be effective in reducing work-related stress and enhancing case manager personal efficacy.
27
Carlsen, Jack. "Economic Evaluation of Recreation and Tourism in Natural Areas: A Case Study in New South Wales, Australia." Tourism Economics 3, no. 3 (September 1997): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135481669700300302.
Full textAbstract:
Provision of information for the purposes of evaluating and monitoring recreation and tourism land use is a conceptually difficult task for economists and land managers. A range of techniques has been developed since the pioneering work of Clawson and Knetsch in the 1960s to estimate the market value of recreation and tourism in natural areas. These techniques involve a number of conceptual and practical difficulties when used for environmental auditing and evaluation purposes. This article outlines the process of evaluating recreation and tourism on public lands in order to provide information for an environmental audit of the Upper North East region of New South Wales. The range of market and non-market values associated with tourism and recreation on public lands is based on existing studies of the region. The values of commercial production, recreation and tourism on public lands are compared within a structural model (input–output) of the regional economy.
28
Loi, Teck Hui. "Stakeholder management: a case of its related capability and performance." Management Decision 54, no. 1 (February 8, 2016): 148–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-06-2015-0244.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – A central claim of stakeholder theory is that the purpose of business is to create value for various stakeholders. However, managing diverse interests of stakeholders can be challenging in a business environment entrenched with different value systems. Lacking of qualitative narratives and complicated nature of corporate governance perhaps have impeded the stakeholder theory to become a major theory of strategic management and organizational ethics on its own. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the strategic values of stakeholder management. Design/methodology/approach – Three stakeholder management case studies, taken in the context of a large corporatized public organization, were conducted in attempting to amplify the underpinning theories of stakeholder identified by Laplume et al. (2008). Tape-recorded semi-structured interviews were transcribed into texts. To reduce retrospective bias, some typical secondary records were examined. Findings – Stakeholder management can be a core competence that draws resource capabilities throughout a firm for generating desirable triple bottom line results, which also eases the tensions between shareholders and stakeholders of the firm. Research limitations/implications – Stakeholder management is an organizational mechanism tightly embedded in the firms’ strategic organizing and strategizing routines. It is vital for generating desirable triple bottom line results. This conjures up potential linkages between the stakeholder theory and the resource-based view (RBV) theory as pursuing stakeholder management can be a hard-to-emulate strategic asset within the framework of the RBV theory. Originality/value – There is relatively scant literature that pays attention on amplifying stakeholder management theory in the public sector organizations. Through the unlocking of some valuable public sector data sets, this research can make a positive contribution in the areas.
29
Ismail, Aliza, and Adnan Jamaludin. "Records professionals: an invisible profession in Malaysia." Records Management Journal 21, no. 1 (March 29, 2011): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09565691111125116.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThis study seeks to examine the existence of records professionals and their role in Malaysian organizations.Design/methodology/approachThe study compares case studies done in six government‐controlled companies. Interviews were conducted with the persons handling the records and information (including records in electronic environment) in the organizations. The interviews were then transcribed and analyzed manually to obtain the comparative data from each case.FindingsThe findings indicate that there are no “real” records professionals in Malaysian organizations. The responsibility and accountability of documenting and managing the organizations' records are dispersed and decentralized. Records managers as a profession are not established within the Malaysian organization structures. Generally there is no specific position of “records manager” in Malaysian organizations. However, the “archivists” are confined at the National Archives and there are no such positions at any of the case organizations studied.Research limitations/implicationsThe study selected six of the government‐controlled companies.Practical implicationsFindings and discovery of the study are significant in confirming that Malaysian organizations (both public and private) are taking their records management responsibilities very unconscientiously with little understanding and support from the top management. They have yet to realize the risk their organizations are facing for non‐compliance to records management standards and practices.Originality/valueThe study confirms the non‐existence of the records professional's position in the formal structures of Malaysian organizations. Though their roles and responsibilities are vital in the management and protection of records to support the business delivery of the organizations, their functions are carried out without due recognition to the profession.
30
Werner, Tim, Peter Bach, Mohan Yellishetty, Fatemeh Amirpoorsaeed, Stuart Walsh, Alec Miller, Matthew Roach, et al. "A Geospatial Database for Effective Mine Rehabilitation in Australia." Minerals 10, no. 9 (August 22, 2020): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10090745.
Full textAbstract:
The Australian landscape is affected by abandoned mines that pose environmental, public health and safety risks. To promote the beneficial reuse, rehabilitation and/or remediation of these sites and understand their spatial arrangement, we compiled, classified and analysed a country-wide geospatial database of all known inactive hard rock mine sites. Following extensive review and classification of disparate records of such sites that have been terminated, neglected or classified as heritage, plus those under care and maintenance in Australia, we assessed state-by-state reporting and cross-border rehabilitation requirements. This was enabled by the development of the Mining Incidence Documentation & Assessment Scheme (MIDAS) that can be used to catalogue and compare active or inactive mine data regardless of reporting conventions. At a national level, and with four case studies, we performed GIS-based spatial analyses and environmental risk assessments to demonstrate potential uses of our database. Analyses considered the proximity of sites to factors such as infrastructure and sensitive environmental receptors. As Australia struggles to manage the ongoing technical, socioeconomic and environmental challenges of effective mine rehabilitation, the insights enabled by this national-level spatial database may be key to developing coordinated responses that extend beyond state boundaries. Our classification and methodology are easily transferable, thereby encouraging more formalized, systematic and widespread documentation of abandoned mines worldwide.
31
Perera, Kithsiri, Ryutaro Tateishi, Kondho Akihiko, and Srikantha Herath. "A Combined Approach of Remote Sensing, GIS, and Social Media to Create and Disseminate Bushfire Warning Contents to Rural Australia." Earth 2, no. 4 (October 6, 2021): 715–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/earth2040042.
Full textAbstract:
Bushfires are an integral part of the forest regeneration cycle in Australia. However, from the perspective of a natural disaster, the impact of bushfires on human settlements and the environment is massive. In Australia, bushfires are the most disastrous natural hazards. According to the records of the Parliament of Australia, the recent catastrophic bushfires in NSW and Victoria burnt out over 10 million hectares of land, a figure more significant than any previous bushfire damage on record. After the deadly 2009 Black Saturday bushfires, which killed 173 people in Victoria, public attention to bushfires reached a new peak. Due to the disastrous consequences of bushfires, scientists have explored various methods to mitigate or even avoid bushfire damage, including the use of bushfire alerts. The present study adds satellite imagery and GIS-based semi-real-time bushfire contents to various bushfire warnings issued by government authorities. The new product will disseminate graphical bushfire contents to rural Australians through social media, using Google Maps. This low-cost Media GIS content can be delivered through highly popular smartphone networks in Australia through social media (Facebook and Twitter). We expect its success to encourage people to participate in disaster mitigation efforts as contributors in a participatory GIS network. This paper presents a case study to demonstrate the production process and the quality of media GIS content and further discusses the potential of using social media through the mobile network of Australia while paying attention to mobile blackspots. Media GIS content has the potential to link with the public information systems of local fire management services, disseminate contents through a mobile app, and develop into a fully automated media GIS content system to expand the service beyond bushfires.
32
Oommen, Roney, and Pieter Buys. "The role of management accounting in fraud control: The case of the City of Joondalup." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 5, no. 4 (2015): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv5i4c1art10.
Full textAbstract:
The 2014 ‘Report to the Nations on Occupational Fraud and Abuse’ released by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners estimates that the potential projected losses from occupational fraud globally could run as high as US$3.7 trillion every year. In Australia, several studies have found that the Australian public sector entities are also significantly exposed to fraud. This article considers the case of the Australian City of Joondalup and asks whether its management accounting function can provide city management with the necessary data to enable effective control over occupational fraud and whether fraud control activities specifically directed towards fraud control can be a regular feature thereof. It is concluded that although aspects of fraud control are encompassed within the broader strategies of the City, it can significantly enhance its ability to control occupational fraud by leveraging its regular management reporting and analysis function.
33
Shepherd, Elizabeth, Jenny Bunn, Andrew Flinn, Elizabeth Lomas, Anna Sexton, Sara Brimble, Katherine Chorley, Emma Harrison, James Lowry, and Jessica Page. "Open government data: critical information management perspectives." Records Management Journal 29, no. 1/2 (March 11, 2019): 152–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-08-2018-0023.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Open government data and access to public sector information is commonplace, yet little attention has focussed on the essential roles and responsibilities in practice of the information and records management professionals, who enable public authorities to deliver open data to citizens. This paper aims to consider the perspectives of open government and information practitioners in England on the procedural and policy implications of open data across local public authorities. Design/methodology/approach Using four case studies from different parts of the public sector in England (local government, higher education, National Health Service and hospital trust), the research involved master’s level students in the data collection and analysis, alongside academics, thus enhancing the learning experience of students. Findings There was little consistency in the location of responsibility for open government data policy, the range of job roles involved or the organisational structures, policy and guidance in place to deliver this function. While this may reflect the organisational differences and professional concerns, it makes it difficult to share best practice. Central government policy encourages public bodies to make their data available for re-use. However, local practice is very variable and perhaps understandably responds more to local organisational strategic and resource priorities. The research found a lack of common metadata standards for open data, different choices about which data to open, problems of data redundancy, inconsistency and data integrity and a wide variety of views on the corporate and public benefits of open data. Research limitations/implications The research is limited to England and to non-national public bodies and only draws data from a small number of case studies. Originality/value The research contributes to the debate about emerging issues around the complexities of open government data and its public benefits, contributing to the discussions around technology-enabled approaches to citizen engagement and governance. It offers new insights into the interaction between open data and public policy objectives, drawing on the experience of local public sectors in England.
34
Tanesab, Janiscus Pieter. "Institutional Effectiveness and Public Inclusions: A Case Study of Indonesia’s Disaster Mitigation Agency." International Journal of Disaster Management 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/ijdm.v3i2.17621.
Full textAbstract:
Disaster risk events always have impacts on disaster losses in terms of the sustainability. The phenomena of natural hazards continue to threaten the social and economic livelihoods of the community, ─ while policies and stipulated regulations for mitigating disaster risks reduction (DRR) endlessly become polemics both in national and local government institutions. The study was conducted to address public perceptions on the effectiveness of Indonesia’s Disaster Management Authorities in managing DRR across the archipelago. Relying on the coproduction principle, the author conducted a case-study through in-depth interviews and literature studies to gain public insights, including related encountered situations ─ revealing perceptions on the track-records of the performance of disaster management authorities in a SWOT analysis. The results indicated that both national and local disaster management authorities respectively are less effective due to the lack of effective communication, coordination, collaboration, and synchronization in managing DRR. Moreover, the scarcity of existing potential leaderships for decision makings through vertical and horizontal negotiations, ─ and lack of persuasive approaches for communities’ engagement at all risk cycles. The study highlighted the importance of reforming the status of national disaster management authority ─ thus, it is more powerful in functioning to command, monitor, and control the lower disaster risk institutions and be able to synergize implemented policies with other government institutions. The study also suggested increasing coproduction through public-private partnerships and philanthropies to upgrade innovations, education and training, also psychological healings as a recovery process for greater sustainable development.
35
Sundari, Hardianti, Andi Sinrang, Muhammad Nur, and Daryuni. "Information Technology-based Public Service Management during covid-19 (Case Study of SIBERAS Application in Sidenreng Rappang Regency)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1105, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1105/1/012038.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The problems in this study are the public service management system which is still manual, the lack of human resources, not understanding technology, inadequate infrastructure and the absence of transparency, accountability, efficiency and effectiveness and several villages that have been given the SIBERAS application (BUMDes Information System and Village Management) including Bulo Village, Aka-Akae, Carawali, Timoreng Panua etc. The presence of this system, the community can receive service management easily and quickly. The purpose of this study was to see the Effectiveness of Information Technology-Based Public Service Management (SIBERAS) during Covid-19 in Sidenreng Rappang. This research uses case study methods, literature studies or library research by taking reading sources from secondary data collected through textbooks, scientific journals, media track records. This type of research was analyzed qualitatively with an interactive model consisting of data presentation, data reduction, conclusion drawing and verification. The results of this study are that there are several village governments that do not use the SIBERAS application (BuMDes Management Information System and Village Government) for the Village Government and who use this application very effectively in managing Public Management, especially during Covid-19.
36
Alsharari, Nizar Mohammad. "Multilevel institutional analysis of accounting change in public management." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 26, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-05-2017-1161.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper aims to provide a multilevel institutional analysis of public sector accounting change. It seeks to explain the implementation of changes to state-sector budgeting systems, taking into account the complex of factors that drive and shape the cumulative processes of accounting change. Design/methodology/approach The study presents the results of an interpretive case study set in a Jordanian public organization, Jordan Customs. It uses triangulation of data collection methods including interviews, observations and documents and archival records. The study adopts a multilevel analysis of institutions to better understand the implications of public accounting changes for the re-engineering and improved delivery of public services in Jordan. Findings The paper concludes from its analysis of public sector organizations that change in their accounting systems has occurred on three institutional levels. New budgeting methodologies were produced and reproduced based on re-consideration and re-enacting of theoretical accounting bases and procedures. Through this process, accounting change was itself reformed and new accounting routines further embedded extant accounting institutions and norms. Budgeting change, as a fundamental accounting change, is in this conception generated by external pressures and institutionalized in accounting routines over time. Research limitations/implications The paper is subject to the limitations of the case study approach. The propositions presented from the case studied need to be confirmed in further research into accounting system changes in other public organizations. The authenticity of the conclusions of this study would be greatly enhanced if supported by findings from other studies. The study has significant implications for the ways in which the dynamics of accounting change emerge at three levels of institutional analysis. By explaining the interaction between the “external” sources of and “internal” responses to change, accounting practice is shown to be both formed by and formative of broader socioeconomic processes. This overall sensitivity to the nature of accounting has significant implications for how accounting change can be studied. Originality/value The paper presents an interpretive case study of the practical issues of organizational change in a multilevel analysis that considers the experience of institutional pressures from the perspective of organizational actors. The study contributes to both management accounting literature and institutional theory by providing further understanding of the dynamics of accounting change in a developing nation’s public sector.
37
Nimbs, Matt J., Ian Hutton, Tom R. Davis, Meryl F. Larkin, and Stephen D. A. Smith. "The heterobranch sea slugs of Lord Howe Island, NSW, Australia (Mollusca: Gastropoda)." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 132, no. 1 (2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs20002.
Full textAbstract:
The distribution of heterobranch sea slugs is generally poorly documented at a regional scale. Thus, it is currently difficult to quantify biodiversity, identify endemic and invasive species, and track range shifts at scales relevant to conservation management. For Lord Howe Island, which lies ~600 km east of the New South Wales (NSW) mid-north coast, data from a range of taxa indicate high biodiversity and endemism, but this has not been examined for heterobranch sea slugs. To address this deficit, we collated occurrence data on sea slugs from both private and public sources, including museum records, scientific literature, field guides and citizen science activities. A total of 186 nominal (formally described) species in 82 genera and 31 families were identified from intertidal and subtidal habitats. Of these, two species are endemic to Lord Howe Island, two have not been recorded elsewhere in Australia, and 28 have not been recorded on the mainland coast of NSW. These results support studies of other taxa suggesting that the relative isolation of the island has facilitated the development of diverse and unique assemblages. However, this isolation is moderated by larval transport from surrounding regions, resulting in considerable overlap of the species pool with the mainland coast of NSW and tropical areas to the north.
38
Baron, Jason R., and Anne Thurston. "What lessons can be learned from the US archivist’s digital mandate for 2019 and is there potential for applying them in lower resource countries?" Records Management Journal 26, no. 2 (July 18, 2016): 206–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-04-2015-0015.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper aims to present a high-level summary of the US archivist’s digital mandate for 2019, embodied in the publication “Managing Government Records”, issued on August 24, 2012, and a summary of US policy. The authors then consider the implications of the US e-recordkeeping initiative for lower-resource countries. Design/methodology/approach After setting out key elements of the US Archivist’s digital mandate, the paper proceeds to evaluate its policy implications for lower-resource countries based on the authors’ field experience and knowledge of case studies. Findings The USA is embarking on a state of the art approach for managing public sector archives in a digital form, with deadlines approaching for all federal agencies to manage e-mail and other e-records. Although a similar need exists in lesser-resourced countries, there are enormous barriers to successful implementation of a similar approach. Research limitations/implications The archivist’s 2019 digital mandate assumes that the technology sector will embrace the needs of public sector agencies in working on applicable electronic archiving solutions. Practical implications The Archivist’s Directive has the potential to be an enormous driver of change in the records management profession with respect to future management of increasingly digital archive collections. Vast collections of public sector e-mail and other forms of e-records potentially will be preserved under the directive, raising the stakes that archivists and records managers work on solutions in the area of long-term preservation and future access. Social implications The importance of capturing the activities of public-sector institutions in all countries for the purpose of openness, transparency and access cannot be overstated. In an increasingly digital age, new methods are needed to ensure that the historical record of governmental institutions is preserved and made accessible. Originality/value The US Archivist’s mandate represents a cutting-edge approach to long-term digital archiving with potential future applicability to the management of public sector records worldwide.
39
Matongo, Beauty. "Management of audio-visual records at the National Archives of Namibia." ESARBICA Journal: Journal of the Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives 39, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 114–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/esarjo.v39i1.8.
Full textAbstract:
The study sought to determine the role that the National Archives of Namibia plays in the management of audio visuals in an attempt to curtail the deterioration of audio-visual archives which are kept in various organisations, some of which are unknown to the National Archives of Namibia. A qualitative method was applied in the study. The case study used the interpretive paradigm which enabled the researcher to triangulate the data collection instruments. Interviews, questionnaires and observation checklists were used to collect data. Content analysis was carried out to analyse data from interviews, document review and the observations. While Excel software provided descriptive statistics on graphs. The results indicated that AV materials were created and stored by various organisations, including the National Archives of Namibia, which oversees the management of all records. The Archives Act (Act 12 of 1992), section 4(1), gives a mandate to the National Archives of Namibia for control over records and archives of all formats in government offices, offices of local authorities and statutory institutions. Nonetheless, there are instances where AV materials are not deposited or stored in appropriate conditions. It is also apparent that different cataloguing and classification systems are used by different organisations. It is clear that most of the organisations manage AV materials in the same way as paper formats records. There is also an inadequately skilled workforce who were given a responsibility to manage AV materials. The study was limited to the Khomas region. Since there are 14 regions in Namibia, the findings cannot be generalized to other regions. Future studies should cover other regions. The results point to the need for the National Archives of Namibia to adopt an integrated approach to the management of AV records. This will require the NAN to work in cooperation with public sector institutions and empower them to preserve AV materials while, at the same time, they continue to deposit copies with the National Archives of Namibia. Unlike previous studies on management of audio visual archives in Namibia, this study included other organisations. The results give a clear picture of the role the National Archives plays in the management of audio visual records and archives.
40
Albano, Giuseppe D., Giuseppe Bertozzi, Francesca Maglietta, Angelo Montana, Giulio Di Mizio, Massimiliano Esposito, Pietro Mazzeo, Stefano D'Errico, and Monica Salerno. "Medical Records Quality as Prevention Tool for Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) Related Litigation: a Case Series." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 20, no. 8 (August 28, 2019): 653–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201020666190408102221.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Healthcare-associated infections are one of the most serious Public Health concern, as they prolong the length of hospitalization, reduce the quality of life, and increase morbidity and mortality. Despite they are not completely avoidable, the number of healthcare-associated infections related to negligence claims has risen over the last years, contributing to remarkable economic and reputation losses of Healthcare System. Methods: In this regard, several studies suggested a key role of medical records quality in determining medical care process, risk management and preventing liability. Clinical documentation should be able to demonstrate that clinicians met their duty of care and did not compromise patient’s safety. Results: Therefore, it has a key role in assessing healthcare workers’ liability in malpractice litigation. Our risk management experience has confirmed the role of medical records accuracy in preventing hospital liability and improving the quality of medical care. Conclusion: In the presented healthcare-associated infections cases, evidence-based and guidelinesbased practice, as well as a complete/incomplete medical record, have shown to significantly affect the verdict of the judicial court and inclusion/exclusion of hospital liability in healthcare-associated infections related claims.
41
Bolderson, Helen. "Comparing Social Policies: Some Problems of Method and the Case of Social Security Benefits in Australia, Britain and the USA." Journal of Social Policy 17, no. 3 (July 1988): 267–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400016810.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThe cross-national works of development sociologists and of political scientists have sought to disentangle some of the determinants of welfare, whereas studies in comparative social policy have been mainly evaluative. These have laid themselves open to charges of being, variously, a-theoretical, unsystematic and narrowly focused on the state sector. However, a case is made here for the continuation of such studies with a clear focus on social policy rather than the mixed economy of welfare, using more explicit evaluative criteria and a range of methods. A small comparative study of social security benefit levels in Australia, Britain and the USA is used as an illustration of the potential in this approach and the problems of method involved.
42
Liu, Tingting, and Suzanne Wilkinson. "Using public-private partnerships for the building and management of school assets and services." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 21, no. 2 (March 11, 2014): 206–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-10-2012-0102.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The provision of school assets and associated services is essential for achieving a country's educational outcomes. Building and managing schools usually features large component of operation, multiple groups of stakeholders, relatively simple design and technical requirements and tight timeframes to be completed to meet the open date. Internationally, public-private partnerships (PPPs) were introduced as innovative delivery models to bring forward school projects. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the PPP experiences in the school sector focusing on the critical dimensions impacting on the viability of using PPPs for school development. Design/methodology/approach – Comparative case studies of two school PPP projects based in Australia and New Zealand were adopted as the main research method. Semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders were used as primary data collection method. Findings – By examining the procedural and organisational arrangements from a comparative perspective, the research finds that, for a successful school PPP, the followings are critical: sound business case development; size-adjusted and streamlined tendering process; localised private sector partner and streamlined finance; extensive stakeholder engagement; and effective governance and organisational structure and enhanced partnership. Originality/value – The findings provide practical implications for policy makers and public procuring authorities initiating school projects and private entities seeking investment opportunities. By implementing the strategies derived from this research and adjusting to their own social and economic environment, governments and industry would be at a better position to develop and manage schools using PPPs.
43
Manyika, Simbarashe, and Peterson Dewah. "Covid-19, a catalyst or disruptor? comprehending access to records and archives under the new normal." ESARBICA Journal: Journal of the Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives 41 (January 19, 2023): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/esarjo.v41i.4.
Full textAbstract:
The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic and the resultant intervention measures disrupted and affected the normal operations of business and access to records and archives as information sources. The study sought to explore the impact of Covid-19 on the access to records and archives in the public sector during the pandemic, bearing in mind the disruptive and catalytic effects of the pandemic. Using a qualitative methodology, data were gathered through document studies, and interviews were conducted with records managers from 18 purposively selected organisations. The findings showed that organisations had not moved much towards e-records but depended heavily on paper records. The lockdown period witnessed misdirection and loss of records. Staff taking turns to report for duty also impacted negatively on records. This posed serious threats to proper records and archives management, making room for occurrences such as destruction or alterations by unscrupulous individuals. The study concluded that the pandemic triggered a sense of urgency in the formulation of policies and procedures that promoted remote access. The study recommended that business should always be prepared to deal with disruptive tendencies of pandemics and any other eventuality giving records and archives management great consideration in business continuity plans. Access to records and archives should not be disrupted, as has been the case throughout the pandemic. Organisations should digitise their records and archives to avoid disruptions of service delivery and decision-making during lockdowns.
44
Elliott, Sarah, Lindsay Gaudet, Kaitlin Hogue, Shannon Scott, and Lisa Hartling. "79 What we know about acute pediatric cannabis poisoning: A scoping review." Paediatrics & Child Health 26, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2021): e57-e58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxab061.062.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Primary Subject area Emergency Medicine - Paediatric Background Liberalization of cannabis policy in Canada has led to concerns that increasing access to cannabis and cannabis infused products (e.g. edibles) for adults will have negative, unintended consequences for children. Objectives We conducted a scoping review to map the available evidence on the public health implications, clinical management, and experiences and information needs of healthcare providers (HCP) and parents, relating to acute cannabis poising in children. Design/Methods We searched three databases (Medline, CINAHL, and PsychINFO) from inception until October 2019. Grey literature was searched up to March 2020. We included all records (primary research, knowledge synthesis, editorials, letters/opinion pieces, government websites and news articles) reported in English or French. We defined acute cannabis poisoning as unintended exposure to cannabis or cannabis product(s) that led to the need for acute medical advice or treatment. A primary reviewer screened all identified publications and a secondary reviewer screened excludes. Records were categorized by area (public health implications, clinical management, experiences and information needs) and mapped based on reported outcomes and record type. Results We identified 4644 records and included 158 (knowledge syntheses [n=3]; primary research [n=95]; editorials, commentaries, and letters [n=18]; education or media for HCP [n=15]; and education or media for the public [n=27]). Public health implications were addressed by 129 (82%), often reporting increasing incidence of acute paediatric cannabis poisonings. 116 records (51 [44%] case studies) reported or discussed clinical characteristics and/or management of acute paediatric cannabis poisoning, including signs and symptoms (92%), use of toxicology screening (60%), type of clinical management (52%) and treatment recommendations (36%). Few sources addressed either HCP (n=5) or parent (n=1) experiences or information needs. Conclusion The increasing incidence of acute cannabis poisonings and liberalization of cannabis legislation is clear, however, evidence around the clinical management is limited. Rigorous studies of suggested clinical treatments are needed to develop an evidence-base from which data can be synthesized and appraised, in order to drive the development of clinical recommendations. Additionally, further research exploring HCP and parent experiences and information needs around cannabis poisoning is warranted.
45
Chand, Sai, Emily Moylan, S. Travis Waller, and Vinayak Dixit. "Analysis of Vehicle Breakdown Frequency: A Case Study of New South Wales, Australia." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 7, 2020): 8244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198244.
Full textAbstract:
Traffic incidents such as crashes, vehicle breakdowns, and hazards impact traffic speeds and induce congestion. Recognizing the factors that influence the frequency of these traffic incidents is helpful in proposing countermeasures. There have been several studies on evaluating crash frequencies. However, research on other incident types is sparse. The main objective of this research is to identify critical variables that affect the number of reported vehicle breakdowns. A traffic incident dataset covering 4.5 years (January 2012 to June 2016) in the Australian state of New South Wales (NSW) was arranged in a panel data format, consisting of monthly reported vehicle breakdowns in 28 SA4s (Statistical Area Level 4) in NSW. The impact of different independent variables on the number of breakdowns reported in each month–SA4 observation is captured using a random-effect negative binomial regression model. The results indicate that increases in population density, the number of registered vehicles, the number of public holidays, average temperature, the percentage of heavy vehicles, and percentage of white-collared jobs in an area increase the number of breakdowns. On the other hand, an increase in the percentage of unrestricted driving licenses and families with children, number of school holidays, and average rainfall decrease the breakdown frequency. The insights offered in this study contribute to a complete picture of the relevant factors that can be used by transport authorities, vehicle manufacturers, sellers, roadside assistance companies, and mechanics to better manage the impact of vehicle breakdowns.
46
Semple, D., M. M. Howlett, J. D. Strawbridge, C. V. Breatnach, and J. C. Hayden. "A Systematic Review and Pooled Prevalence of Paediatric Delirium in Critically Ill Children." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 29, Supplement_1 (March 26, 2021): i31—i32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riab015.038.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction Paediatric Delirium (PD) is a neuropsychiatric complication that occurs during the management of children in the critical care environment (Paediatric Intensive Care (PICU) and Neonatal Intensive Care (NICU). Delirium can be classified as hypoactive (decreased responsiveness and withdrawal), hyperactive (agitation and restlessness), and mixed (combined) (1). PD can be assessed using a number of assessment tools. PD has been historically underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, having many overlapping symptoms with other syndrome such as pain and iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (2). An appreciation of the extent of PD would help clinicians and policy makers drive interventions to improve recognition, prevention and management of PD in clinical practice. Aim To estimate the pooled prevalence of PD using validated assessment tools, and to identify risk factors including patient-related, critical-care related and pharmacological factors. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL databases was undertaken. Eligible articles included observational studies or trials that estimated a prevalence of PD in a NICU/PICU population using a validated PD assessment tool. Validated tools are the paediatric Confusion Assessment Method-ICU (pCAM-ICU), the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium (CAPD), the PreSchool Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (psCAM-ICU), pCAM-ICU severity scale (sspCAM-ICU), and the Sophia Observation Withdrawal Symptoms scale Paediatric Delirium scale (SOS-PD) (1). Only full text studies were included. No language restrictions were applied. Two reviewers independently screened records. Data was extracted using a pre-piloted form and independently verified by another reviewer. Quality was assessed using tools from the National Institutes of Health. A pooled prevalence was calculated from the studies that estimated PD prevalence using the most commonly applied tool, the CAPD (1). Results Data from 23 observational studies describing prevalence and risk factors for PD in critically ill children were included (Figure 1). Variability in study design and outcome reporting was found. Study quality was generally good. Using the validated tools prevalence ranged from 10–66% of patients. Hypoactive delirium was the most prevalent sub-class identified. Using the 13 studies that used the CAPD tool, a pooled prevalence of 35% (27%-43% 95%CI) was calculated. Younger ages, particularly less than two years old, sicker patients, particularly those undergoing mechanical and respiratory ventilatory support were more at risk for PD. Restraints, the number of sedative medications, including the cumulative use of benzodiazepines and opioids were identified as risk factors for the development of PD. PD was associated with longer durations of mechanical ventilation, longer stays and increased costs. Data on association with increased mortality risk is limited and conflicting. Conclusion PD affects one third of critical care admissions and is resource intense. Routine assessment in clinical practice may facilitate earlier detection and management strategies. Modifiable risk factors such as the class and number of sedative and analgesic medications used may contribute to the development of PD. Early mobility and lessening use of these medications present strategies to prevent PD occurrence. Longitudinal prospective multi-institutional studies to further investigate the presentations of the different delirium subtypes and modifiable risk factors that potentially contribute to the development of PD, are required. References 1. Semple D (2020) A systematic review and pooled prevalence of PD, including identification of the risk factors for the development of delirium in critically ill children. doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/5KFZ8 2. Ista E, te Beest H, van Rosmalen J, de Hoog M, Tibboel D, van Beusekom B, et al. Sophia Observation withdrawal Symptoms-Paediatric Delirium scale: A tool for early screening of delirium in the PICU. Australian Critical Care. 2018;31(5):266–73
47
Lee, Jeongyoon, and Inseon Park. "Comparative Analysis of Disaster and Safety Datasets, Data Quality, and Services in Korean and Australian Public Data Portals." Fire Science and Engineering 36, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.910c81fa.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study is to design improved plans for disaster and safety management through comparative analysis of datasets comprising details regarding the disaster and safety sector that are available in Korean and Australian public data portals and thereby examine the associated portal strategies and national operating systems To this end, based on previous studies and national public data portal evaluation standards, public data portal comparison standards were established. Furthermore, quantitative configuration analysis, data mining analysis, data quality analysis, and various service analyses were conducted. Consequently, it was found that compared to the Australian public data portal, the number and proportion of public data openings for disaster and safety management are significantly smaller in the Korean public data portal. The number of prevention datasets available in both countries accounts for the highest proportion in disaster and safety management. In addition, “supply management and resource support” accounts for the majority of Korean disaster response collaborations, whereas in the case of Australia, “comprehensive situation management” has a high proportion. In terms of data quality, Australian datasets include 69.54% of the total insoluble data, which implies inefficient data quality management. However, there are merely few Korean insoluble datasets. Through comparative analysis of the national operating systems, it was found that detailed guidelines for public data are available in Australia. However, the Korean public data portal is operated in accordance with the comprehensive Framework Act on Intelligence Informatization. Hence, a promotion strategy operation policy has to devise for the Korean public data portal to expand the usage of public data in the disaster and safety sector, along with quantitative growth policies that will increase the number and proportion of public data in the disaster and safety sector.
48
Lee, Jeongyoon, and Inseon Park. "Comparative Analysis of Disaster and Safety Datasets, Data Quality, and Services in Korean and Australian Public Data Portals." Fire Science and Engineering 36, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.910c81fa1.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study is to design improved plans for disaster and safety management through comparative analysis of datasets comprising details regarding the disaster and safety sector that are available in Korean and Australian public data portals and thereby examine the associated portal strategies and national operating systems To this end, based on previous studies and national public data portal evaluation standards, public data portal comparison standards were established. Furthermore, quantitative configuration analysis, data mining analysis, data quality analysis, and various service analyses were conducted. Consequently, it was found that compared to the Australian public data portal, the number and proportion of public data openings for disaster and safety management are significantly smaller in the Korean public data portal. The number of prevention datasets available in both countries accounts for the highest proportion in disaster and safety management. In addition, “supply management and resource support” accounts for the majority of Korean disaster response collaborations, whereas in the case of Australia, “comprehensive situation management” has a high proportion. In terms of data quality, Australian datasets include 69.54% of the total insoluble data, which implies inefficient data quality management. However, there are merely few Korean insoluble datasets. Through comparative analysis of the national operating systems, it was found that detailed guidelines for public data are available in Australia. However, the Korean public data portal is operated in accordance with the comprehensive Framework Act on Intelligence Informatization. Hence, a promotion strategy operation policy has to devise for the Korean public data portal to expand the usage of public data in the disaster and safety sector, along with quantitative growth policies that will increase the number and proportion of public data in the disaster and safety sector.
49
Liu, Yuchen, Jianhong (Cecilia) Xia, and Aloke Phatak. "Evaluating the Accuracy of Bluetooth-Based Travel Time on Arterial Roads: A Case Study of Perth, Western Australia." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (February 21, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9541234.
Full textAbstract:
Bluetooth (BT) time-stamped media access control (MAC) address data have been used for traffic studies worldwide. Although Bluetooth (BT) technology has been widely recognised as an effective, low-cost traffic data source in freeway traffic contexts, it is still unclear whether BT technology can provide accurate travel time (TT) information in complex urban traffic environments. Therefore, this empirical study aims to systematically evaluate the accuracy of BT travel time estimates in urban arterial contexts. There are two major hurdles to deriving accurate TT information for arterial roads: the multiple detection problem and noise in BT estimates. To date, they have not been fully investigated, nor have well-accepted solutions been found. Using approximately two million records of BT time-stamped MAC address data from twenty weekdays, this study uses five different BT TT-matching methods to investigate and quantify the impact of multiple detection problems and the noise in BT TT estimates on the accuracy of average BT travel times. Our work shows that accurate Bluetooth-based travel time information on signalised arterial roads can be derived if an appropriate matching method can be selected to smooth out the remaining noise in the filtered travel time estimates. Overall, average-to-average and last-to-last matching methods are best for long (>1 km) and short (≤1 km) signalised arterial road segments, respectively. Furthermore, our results show that the differences between BT and ground truth average TTs or speeds are systematic, and adding a calibration is a pragmatic method to correct inaccurate BT average TTs or speeds. The results of this research can help researchers and road operators to better understand BT technology for TT analysis and consequently to optimise the deployment location and configuration of BT MAC address scanners.
50
Mallitt, Kylie-Ann, James Jansson, Levinia Crooks, David McGuigan, Handan Wand, and David P. Wilson. "Demand for HIV clinical services is increasing in Australia but supply is decreasing." Sexual Health 10, no. 1 (2013): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh12051.
Full textAbstract:
Background HIV clinical service planning requires accurate estimates of the number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and the capacity of existing clinical services, each by geographical location. The aim of this study was to quantify current HIV clinical service capacity in Australia. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of records of HIV clinical service capacity in Australia. Participants were general practitioners who completed an annual survey in 2007–2009. Information on the number of hospital departments, sexual health services, antiretroviral-prescribing general practitioners (ARV-GPs) and shared-care services providing expertise in HIV management from 2007 to 2010 were also available. Results: From 2007 to 2009, the proportion of ARV-GP survey respondents treating 2–9 patients with HIV per week increased from 36.5% to 49.1%, with a corresponding decrease in the average proportion who saw less than one patient with HIV per week. The estimated number of PLHIV has increased by 12.5% in metropolitan areas, and 16.5% in rural and remote areas over the period 2007–2010; however, the total number of services with at least one HIV ARV-GP has decreased over the same period. Conclusions: Current methods to estimate clinical service capacity reveal decreasing supply in the workforce in Australia despite increasing numbers of PLHIV. Further training of HIV clinicians and their placement in regions of greatest supply–demand deficits are required. Further studies are required to precisely quantify and locate the capacity of the HIV clinical workforce with expertise in HIV case-management to enable efficient service planning.