Academic literature on the topic 'Public participation and community engagement'
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Journal articles on the topic "Public participation and community engagement"
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Casello, Jeffrey M., Will Towns, Julie Bélanger, and Sanathan Kassiedass. "Public Engagement in Public Transportation Projects." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2537, no. 1 (January 2015): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2537-10.
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Public participation for transit projects faces a number of unique challenges compared with many other similar public investments. For example, a smaller subset of the community uses transit on a daily basis as compared with highways; moreover, public transit is seen to be limited—both spatially and demographically—in its appeal. Combined, these factors can limit the widespread engagement of the public in the development and evaluation of transit projects. Further, given the lack of direct benefits from transit, it is often more difficult to garner public support for public transport projects. Specific considerations and techniques are demonstrated that can be undertaken by planners and policy makers to actively engage the community beyond those strongly in favor of or opposed to a transit project. Strategies employed in the Region of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, in the context of public engagement before the introduction of light-rail transit are explored. In light of these strategies and the experiences of planners in Waterloo and in conjunction with evidence from the literature, a number of conclusions are drawn regarding an effective framework for engaging a wide spectrum of community members in transit planning.
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Eversole, Robyn. "Community Agency and Community Engagement: Re-theorising Participation in Governance." Journal of Public Policy 31, no. 1 (April 2011): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x10000206.
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AbstractInterest in participatory governance recognises that communities can make valuable contributions to governance, but attempts to strengthen community participation encounter obstacles theorised as failures or incompleteness of participatory governance. This paper offers an alternative approach, drawing on ethnographic field data from a decade of work in rural Australian communities. It shows the nature of the community agency that is at the heart of policy interest in participation and how it differs from government efforts at community engagement. These insights suggest a need to rethink participatory governance, not as a single process with multiple participants, but as the juxtaposition of different ways of governing. Doing so opens up the possibility of governments and communities working together in new ways, with governments not only valuing what communities can contribute in theory, but also recognising how diverse communities work in practice.
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Michels, Ank. "Participation in citizens’ summits and public engagement." International Review of Administrative Sciences 85, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 211–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852317691117.
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In addressing the problem of alienation, normative democratic theories claim that citizen participation encourages public engagement and a sense of community. This article analyses the effects of citizen participation on public engagement in four local citizens’ summits in the Netherlands based on a combination of survey data, interviews and documents. The citizens’ summits appear to attract a selective group of predominantly highly educated citizens from a Dutch background. Of the citizens who took part in the summits, only a minority felt more connected and responsible after having participated. Moreover, the results show that over the longer term, the number of people who remain involved in public initiatives decreases. The findings raise doubts about the contribution of participation in one-off forums to public engagement. A sense of public engagement seems to be more a precondition for participation rather than a consequence of participation. Points for practitioners This article analyses the effects of citizen participation on public engagement in four local citizens’ summits in the Netherlands. The citizens’ summits appear to attract a selective group of predominantly highly educated citizens from a Dutch background. Of the citizens who took part in the summits, only a minority felt more connected and responsible after having participated. Moreover, the results show that over the longer term, the number of people who remain involved in public initiatives decreases. The findings raise doubts about the contribution of participation in one-off forums to public engagement.
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Ross, Helen, Claudia Baldwin, and R. W. (Bill) Carter. "Subtle implications: public participation versus community engagement in environmental decision-making." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 23, no. 2 (April 2, 2016): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2016.1194588.
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Bovaird, Tony. "Beyond Engagement and Participation: User and Community Coproduction of Public Services." Public Administration Review 67, no. 5 (September 2007): 846–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00773.x.
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Rinner, Claus, and Michelle Bird. "Evaluating Community Engagement through Argumentation Maps—A Public Participation GIS Case Study." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 36, no. 4 (January 1, 2009): 588–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b34084.
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Significant advances in public participation geographic information systems technology and online mapping platforms have not translated into enhanced citizen participation in democratic planning processes. This study contributes to addressing this gap by evaluating the engagement of members of an urban community in sustainable neighbourhood planning through argumentation mapping. The study provided an online public discussion forum, together with a neighbourhood map to which the participants could link their discussion contributions. On the basis of participation statistics, contents of contributions, and responses to a survey, we discuss the participants' technical and engagement experiences. The sixteen registered participants lived within or near the ‘Queen West Triangle’ in downtown Toronto, Canada. They rated themselves as experienced computer users and consequently found the participation in the online discussion forum to be easy. The contributions showed a great degree of interest and knowledge in the issues of sustainable community development. However, while the majority of participants also rated themselves as comfortable with map reading, they found the handling of the online neighbourhood map difficult and did not use the option to link their comments to the map.
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Day, Suzanne, Allison Mathews, Meredith Blumberg, Thi Vu, Stuart Rennie, and Joseph D. Tucker. "Broadening community engagement in clinical research: Designing and assessing a pilot crowdsourcing project to obtain community feedback on an HIV clinical trial." Clinical Trials 17, no. 3 (February 3, 2020): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740774520902741.
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Background/Aims Community engagement is widely acknowledged as an important step in clinical trials. One underexplored method for engagement in clinical trials is crowdsourcing. Crowdsourcing involves having community members attempt to solve a problem and then publicly sharing innovative solutions. We designed and conducted a pilot using a crowdsourcing approach to obtain community feedback on an HIV clinical trial, called the Acceptability of Combined Community Engagement Strategies Study. In this work, we describe and assess the Acceptability of Combined Community Engagement Strategies Study’s crowdsourcing activities in order to examine the opportunities of crowdsourcing as a clinical trial community engagement strategy. Methods The crowdsourcing engagement activities involved in the Acceptability of Combined Community Engagement Strategies Study were conducted in the context of a phase 1 HIV antibody trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03803605). We designed a series of crowdsourcing activities to collect feedback on three aspects of this clinical trial: the informed consent process, the experience of participating in the trial, and fairness/reciprocity in HIV clinical trials. All crowdsourcing activities were open to members of the general public 18 years of age or older, and participation was solicited from the local community. A group discussion was held with representatives of the clinical trial team to obtain feedback on the utility of crowdsourcing as a community engagement strategy for informing future clinical trials. Results Crowdsourcing activities made use of innovative tools and a combination of in-person and online participation opportunities to engage community members in the clinical trial feedback process. Community feedback on informed consent was collected by transforming the clinical trial’s informed consent form into a series of interactive video modules, which were screened at an open public discussion. Feedback on the experience of trial participation involved designing three fictional vignettes which were then transformed into animated videos and screened at an open public discussion. Finally, feedback on fairness/reciprocity in HIV clinical trials was collected using a crowdsourcing idea contest with online and in-person submission opportunities. Our public discussion events were attended by 38 participants in total; our idea contest received 43 submissions (27 in-person, 16 online). Facebook and Twitter metrics demonstrated substantial engagement in the project. The clinical team found crowdsourcing primarily useful for enhancing informed consent and trial recruitment. Conclusion There is sufficient lay community interest in open calls for feedback on the design and conduct of clinical trials, making crowdsourcing both a novel and feasible engagement strategy. Clinical trial researchers are encouraged to consider the opportunities of implementing crowdsourcing to inform trial processes from a community perspective.
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Zhang, Chao, and Jingyi Wang. "Childhood Research Beyond Children: Public Engagement and the Rights of the Child." China Nonprofit Review 11, no. 1 (November 5, 2019): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765149-12341361.
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Abstract With the globalization of technology and the changes of society, the boundaries between childhood and adulthood have become increasingly blurred. Children’s studies begin to re-examine the modern thinking and the binary opposition in childhood research, and propose that in order to adapt to the diversity and continuous influence of childhood, childhood research must look for and effectively use non-dualistic theoretical analysis resources. On the one hand, “actor-network theory” and “complexity theory” have provided such research with a theoretical basis, transcending the perspective of binary opposition, focusing on the long-term effects of childhood on individual public character and the public participation of children. On the other hand, information media technology and community participation play an important role in the building of contemporary childhood, especially for the vulnerable groups of children to gain the ability of public participation and enter the public sector. Childhood research requires a broad theoretical perspective and an interdisciplinary approach. It also requires attention to the processes and mechanisms of how children’s participation influences the acquisition of individual public character. How to effectively use information technology to promote public participation, expand the existing public space and form an effective connection with practical community participation is the key to realizing a “good society” in the future for children.
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Cookman, Noeleen. "Volunteers - a way of encouraging active community participation?" Library and Information Research 25, no. 81 (August 12, 2009): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/lirg123.
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In 1999 The Library Association commissioned David Haynes Associates and Information Management Associates to investigate the extent of the use of volunteers in UK public libraries. The research also examined the roles and potential roles for volunteers, current management practice and policy. The research concluded with draft good practice guidelines on the use and management of volunteers for local authorities. This article reports on one aspect of the research findings, notably looking at how public library authorities can work with, and engage volunteers, which in turn can contribute to their overall policy of social inclusion and increased community engagement in the local delivery of services.
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Lancaster, Kari, Alison Ritter, and Rosalyn Diprose. "Recasting Participation in Drug Policy." Contemporary Drug Problems 45, no. 4 (May 17, 2018): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091450918776024.
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Calls for “evidence-based policy” and greater community “participation” are often heard in the drug policy field. Both movements are in different ways concerned with the same questions about how “drug problems” ought to be governed and the place of “expertise” and “engagement” in democratic societies. However, these calls rely on the assumption that knowledges, publics, expertise, and issues of concern are fixed and stable, waiting to be addressed or called to action, thus obscuring ontological questions about what “participation” (be that lay or expert) may do or produce. There has been limited research in the drugs field that has taken “participation” as an object of study in itself and through critical examination attempted to open up new possibilities for its remaking. In this article, we draw on science and technology studies scholarship that has sought to illuminate the relations between public deliberation and government decision-making in public affairs involving technical claims and the generative capacity of such engagement (including for democracy itself). We describe various rationales for participation and examples of experiments that have sought to remake participatory processes in other policy domains. This literature provides fruitful ground for a reengagement with (and possibly a reconfiguration of) “evidence-based policy” or community “participation” in drug policy. Through this exploration, we hope to recast and more sensitively articulate the concept of “participation” in deliberations about public affairs involving technical claims in drug policy, thus opening up possibilities for experiments and practices that redistribute expertise, “slow down” reasoning, attend to emergent publics, and disrupt consensual claims as to “what counts” and what does not.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Public participation and community engagement"
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Sung, Hui-Yun. "An exploration of the essential elements of community engagement in public libraries." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9277.
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This research aims to explore and identify essential elements of community engagement in the public sector, including library services. Previous research has highlighted public libraries objectives in undertaking community engagement, in terms of tackling social exclusion, promoting democracy and contributing to social/cultural/human capital. However, it is also apparent that there is a lack of shared vision and strategy for community engagement in public libraries. Furthermore, little systematic research has examined the community engagement process in practice. Hence there is a need for a systematic, comparative and empirical investigation into essential elements of community engagement in public libraries. The study was qualitative, involving three case studies in England. Research methods employed to gather data included semi-structured interviews, direct observation and document analysis. Both the viewpoints of service providers and service users were captured. Essential elements of community engagement were initially identified in case specific contexts. The discussion of the relationships between elements then identified two key underlying variable drivers (i.e. influence of authority and willingness to learn ) that had a fundamental impact on community engagement. Influence of authority was defined as the extent that the initiative was led by the service or the community. Willingness to learn was defined as the extent that the service was willing to embrace a community-driven approach or a library-based approach for implementing community engagement. The empirical investigative results identified the essential elements of community engagement as comprising of: accountability , belonging , commitment , communication , a flexible approach , genuineness , relevance and sustainability . The significance of this research is the identification, based on empirical data, of arguably the essential elements of community engagement in the public library context. However, it is likely that these elements are key to forms of community engagement both within and outside the public sector. Recommendations are made in conclusion for the promotion of genuine community engagement, where the community-driven approach and the organic nature of the community engagement process are seen as being paramount to engagement.
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Reed, Luke Terrence, and res cand@acu edu au. "The Effect of Participation in School-Facilitated Community Service Programmes on Students’ Self-Esteem, Sense of Community Engagement and Attitudes to Christianity." Australian Catholic University. School of Education, 2006. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp142.17052007.
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Increasingly, student orientated service outreach programmes (community service) are being incorporated into the broad curriculum of Australian High Schools. The assumption made is that such programmes have tangible benefits for students, the community and the schools themselves. Schools that operate out of a Christian paradigm have the added incentive of seeking to assist students give personal expression to religious commitment through the service of others. This study tests the assumption that participation in community service or service outreach activities has positive benefits for the students involved. It explores the effect that student involvement in school-facilitated community service programmes has on three personal domains; self-esteem, sense of engagement with community, and attitude to Christianity. This is a quantitative study utilising a questionnaire instrument to collect data from participants. The questionnaire is a compilation of three pre-existing and previously validated instruments, each of which focus on one of the three research areas. Combined, they provide 74 items which are answered using a Likert scale with response choices ranging along a six point continuum from ‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree’. The sample consists of a total of 225 participants drawn from students across years 10 to 12 from five Catholic High Schools in the Brisbane metropolitan area. All of these schools have single sex enrolment. Male and female participants are equally represented in the sample. In total, 80% of the sample participated in their school’s community service/service outreach programme. Information related to students’ community service involvement, the type of service undertaken, the duration of such service, and prior community service experience, was also collected from participants. No treatment is being introduced or manipulated in this study; rather, the research examines ‘between-participant’ and ‘within-sample’ differences associated with students’ participation (or non-participation) in existing community service/service outreach programmes in their schools. As such, the research is ex post factor in nature. Initial confirmatory factor analysis is undertaken to validate the integrity of the combined instrument. This is followed by a Cronbach’s alpha reliability study of the 12 component scales of the combined instrument; the results of which prove to be consistent with those previously reported. In subsequent analysis of the data, significant correlations are identified between six pairs of dependent variables. With statistical significance set at the 95% level, MANOVA is then utilised to determine the effect of a number of factors on scale scores. In addition to the primary focus on the effect that participation/non-participation in school community service programmes has on student selfesteem, engagement with community and attitude to Christianity, other influencing conditions explored include; type of community service, duration of community service, prior community service involvement, and gender. The principal finding of this research is that a statistically significant relationship is evident only between students’ participation in school-facilitated community service programmes and their attitude to social justice. Attitude to social justice is a constitutive element of the larger construct, ‘sense of engagement with community’. Analysis of the data reveals no significant association between community service participation and either self-esteem nor attitude to Christianity. The paper concludes with a discussion of the findings in the light of the earlier review of relevant literature.
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Rood, Jason Alexander. "Public Participation in Emergency Management." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/333.
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With disasters increasing in frequency and costs each year, this study seeks to explore ways greater public participation can assist emergency managers in their mission to keep communities safe. Specifically this study examines the policy process and administrative functions of emergency management to illuminated the benefits and hindrances involved in greater participation. This study conducted a qualitative analysis of governmental documents, disaster case studies, international research, as well as political science and administrative doctrines, to arrive at its conclusions. The results of this study reveal that the public is a largely untapped resource in the emergency management field. Engaging the public dialogically in early policy stages and emergency management phases is essential to successful inclusion for both administrators and communities. Specifically, public inclusion creates expanded knowledge, shared learning, personal responsibility, and increased social capital. Faced with the growing threat from disasters, emergency management can create communities that are both more resilient and sustainable by increasing public participation.
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Harris, Wesley Brian David. "Expanding Planning Public Participation Outreach Through Social Networking." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/567.
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Public participation is not a form of civic responsibility that it once was. With not only fewer people taking part in the public participation process, there is a trend towards an older (45 years and older) group of residents that come to such meetings or workshops. Plans, such as Specific Plans or General Plans often take years to implement and require all generations to give feedback on what is needed for the future. Additionally, within the last decade, there has been a rise in social media websites such as Facebook and Twitter. These websites emerged as informal virtual places for friends to connect, but have slowly evolved into a tool for businesses, and more importantly, government to connect with constituents. This study explores the relationship between the decline of public participation with findings to support the reasons residents do not take part in the process, and the rise of social media as a tool for engagement with findings to support how cities nationwide use Facebook. Social media provides a two-way form of communication between the community and the local government which aides in promoting genuine participation. Additionally, social media allows for efficient outreach and noticing of meetings or public workshops. As opposed to newspaper or website noticing, websites such as Facebook allow for local governments to target a specific audience by location, age, or interests. Findings indicate that although many cities developed a Facebook Page to engage the “younger generation”, all ages became fans of the City operated Facebook Page. In addition, the findings show that the true potential of Facebook as a participatory tool have not been discovered. cities are developing their own ways of using it as a tool as there is no formal best practices manual for City planning departments. The findings of this study have provided the necessary information to develop a best practices manual for planning practitioners to utilize. The manual provides information on developing a Facebook Page as well as the implications of the technology.
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Khaleghi, Kerahroodi Mehraz. "Meaningful community engagement in public-private partnerships: a case study of Manhattan’s downtown redevelopment project." Diss., Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20590.
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Doctor of PhilosophyEnvironmental Design and Planning Program
John W. Keller
Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have become a vehicle to deliver products and services internationally. It is a favored strategy widely adopted for implementing complex urban developments in the United States. However, the complex nature of such partnerships raises serious concerns about meaningful community engagement. Meaningful community engagement is a result of the presence and quality of transparency and public participation elements that are strongly correlated. The following research describes how the community was involved and contributed to an urban development PPP project in Manhattan, Kansas. The research goal is to understand the mechanism of the community engagement in a PPP project and to evaluate the quality of the process at the local level from a planning perspective. With an in-depth case study and an understanding of meaningful community engagement processes, this research will contribute to the body of knowledge in the area of PPPs and meaningful community engagement at the local level and evaluate local PPP policies and practices. The first objective is to evaluate the participation opportunities with a developed Community Engagement Attribute Evaluation System (CEAES) based on the recognized metrics of quality practices. Attributes are drawn from the identified characteristics of quality transparency and quality public participation of meaningful practices. The second goal is to interview the key stakeholders of the project from the public sector, the private sector, and the community and add depth to the findings that complements the overall evaluation. Through both technical evaluation and open-ended personal interview, this study attempts to describe the design and the process of public participation practices. Analysis will show whether or not the community was meaningfully engaged and if the technical aspects of a quality community engagement practice were present. Finally, this study aims to inform future similar planning practices. The result serves two local purposes of planning governance and policy. For the former, it will help those with no record of PPP to better design and implement the engagement process; and for the ones with PPPs’ experience, it will contribute to the quality of the future partnerships. For the latter, it will guide the local governments and policy makers to better address PPPs’ ongoing issue of community engagement.
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Crutchfield, Nicole Boudreaux. "Multi-Disciplinary Review and Comparison of Project Management for Social Engagement Practices." Master's thesis, North Dakota State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25989.
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This paper explores the practices of natural resources management, community development, and public arts by comparing the integration of social engagement as part of project management. All three of these practices originate from goals of social change and continue to advance in their disciplinary fields. Community-Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM) is framed in the natural resources management discipline. Community Development (CD) practice is framed in public participation and city planning disciplines. Creative Placemaking (CP) practice is framed in the public art discipline. These disciplines point to the intent to transform existing culture with the goal of becoming more democratic, socially just, transparent, and inclusive. Through the analysis of project management traits, key components are identified for successful project implementation with the goal of resulting in healthy and vibrant communities.
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Bodland, Tove. "Lokalsamhällets resiliens mot katastrofer i en svensk kontext. : Möjligheter och hinder gällande att involvera allmänheten i katastrofriskreduceringen. En explorativ fallstudie av Örebro kommun." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-68876.
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Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Resiliens är ett begrepp som används i allt större utsträckning inom risk och katastrofforskningen för att beskriva samhällets motståndskraft mot, förmåga att återhämta sig från samt utvecklas positivt efter större naturhändelser. Forskning visar på vikten av att involvera alla nivåer i samhället för att skapa resiliens vilket även uttrycks i internationella ramverk för katastrofriskreducering, klimatanpassning och hållbar utveckling. Det är framförallt på den lokala nivån som konsekvenserna av extrema naturhändelser manifestera och måste hanteras vilket innebär att allmänheten anses vara viktig att involvera i det katastrofriskreducerande arbetet för en ökad resiliens. Detta innebär ett så kallat ”bottom-up” sätt att arbeta. En faktor som enligt forskningen påverkar risken för katastrofer är olika sårbarheter i samhället. Hur sårbart ett samhälle är påverkas bland annat av ekonomiska, ekologiska och sociala faktorer och hur resurser är fördelade. Vissa grupper i samhället pekas ofta ut som mer sårbara, och ett led i att skapa resiliens är att tillgodose dessa gruppers specifika behov i relation till katastrofrisker. Teorier och modeller gällande samhällets resiliens mot katastrofer är ofta framtagna med fokus på miljöer med mer frekventa och dramatiska naturhändelser, och samhällen som präglas av en högre grad av socioekonomiska skillnader än vi har i dagens Sverige. Ett förändrat klimat och andra globala processer påverkar även det svenska samhället. Svenska staten och dess myndigheter påtalar allt mer vikten av att arbeta utifrån ett resiliensperspektiv i samhällsbyggandet. I den svenska kontexten ligger ett stort ansvar gällande risk och krishantering på den kommunala nivån, samt även på den enskilda individen, vilket kan tänkas borga för att involvera allmänheten i katastrofriskreduceringen och tillika skapa ett resilient lokalsamhälle. Syfte: Syftet med studien är trefaldig. Primärt syftar den till att få en övergripande förståelse för hur personer som är verksamma inom risk och krishantering på lokal nivå i en svensk kommun ser på att involvera allmänheten i det katastrofriskreducerande arbetet utifrån ett resiliensperspektiv. Sekundärt syftar studien till att undersöka hur man förhåller sig till olika gruppers behov i arbetet utifrån ett sårbarhetsperspektiv samt att undersöka relevansen av ett befintligt teoretiskt ramverk för community resilience i en svensk kontext. Metod: Studien är en kvalitativ explorativ fallstudie av Örebro kommun med en abduktiv ansats. Genom en kombination av strategiskt urval och snöbollsurval har nyckelpersoner som är verksamma inom kommunal verksamhet samt frivilligorganisationer inkluderats i studien. Datainsamlingen bestod av semistrukturerade intervjuer som transkriberats och vidare analyserats genom kvalitativ textanalys. För att stärka studiens validitet har även kommundokument studerats för att möjliggöra en triangulering. Resultatet diskuteras utifrån teorier om resiliens, risk-governance och sårbarhet för katastrofer samt ett teoretiskt ramverk för community resilience. Resultat: Resultatet visar på: 1) en positiv syn hos respondenterna på att involvera allmänheten, framförallt som en resurs i den akuta krishanteringen genom att nyttja frivilliga, 2) möjligheter med att involvera allmänheten genom relationsbyggande nätverk och ökad samverkan med civilsamhället för att få information om hur människor upplever sin verklighet och vilka behov allmänheten har gällande information och stöttning, 3) hinder avseende kommunikation och samverkan mellan kommun och allmänhet vilket delvis kopplades till att det saknas användbara verktyg och att ny teknik inte nyttjas fullt ut, 4) brist på kontinuitet i samverkan mellan civilsamhället och kommunen och låg frekvens av större händelser, 5) ett bristande engagemang från allmänhetens sida. Resultatet pekar även på att resiliensramverket är relevant i den svenska kontexten.Summary Background: Resiliens is a concept that is increasingly used in risk- and disaster research to describe society's resistance to, ability to recover from and to develop positively after major natural events. Research shows the importance of involving all levels of society in order to create resilience against disasters and is expressed in international frameworks for disaster risk reduction, climate change and sustainable development. Since the consequences of extreme natural events primarily manifests at the local level, they need to be locally managed. The importance of involving the public in disaster risk reduction, also called the “bottom-up approach” with the aim of building resilience is thus highlighted. One factor affecting societal disaster risk is vulnerability. How vulnerable a society is to disasters is influenced by economic, ecological and social factors and the distribution of resources. Certain groups in society are often referred to as more vulnerable and one part of building resilience against disasters is to cater to the specific needs of these groups in relation to disaster risks. Theories and models of societal resilience against disasters are often developed with focus on environments with more frequent and dramatic natural events and societies that are characterized by a greater degree of socio-economic differences than that of today's Sweden. But a changing climate and other global processes also affect the Swedish society. The Swedish state and its authorities increasingly emphasize the importance of taking a resilience perspective on societal development. The responsibility for risk and crisis management in Sweden is primarily focused at the municipal level, as well as on the individual, which could warrant the involvement of the public in disaster reduction in order to build a resilient local community. Purpose: The purpose of the study is threefold. It primarily aims at gaining an overall understanding of the views of individuals, involved in risk and crisis management at local level in Sweden, upon involving the public in disaster risk reduction from a resilience perspective. Secondarily, the study aims at investigating how the needs of different groups in the community is incorporated into the work, based on a vulnerability perspective, and thirdly to investigate the relevance of an existing theoretical framework for community resilience in a Swedish context. Method: The study was designed as a qualitative exploratory case study of Örebro municipality with an abductive approach. Through a combination of strategic selection and snowballing, key people working in the local council and non-governmental organizations have been included in the study. The data collection consisted of semistructured interviews that were transcribed and further analyzed through qualitative text analysis. In order to strengthen the validity of the study, municipal documents were studied to enable triangulation. The results were discussed through theories of resilience, risk governance and disaster vulnerability as well as a theoretical framework for community resilience by Norris et al. (2008). Results: The results show: 1) a positive view upon involving the public, primarily as a resource in emergency crisis management by using volunteers, 2) opportunities for involving the public through relational networking and enhanced cooperation with civil society, in order to gain information and knowledge on how people perceive their reality and the needs of the public regarding information and support, 3) communication and cooperation barriers between the municipality and the public are linked to the lack of useful tools and that new technologies are not fully utilized, 4) a lack of continuity in civil society and municipality collaboration, low frequency of major events, and lack of widespread commitment among the public. The result indicates that the resilience framework is also relevant in the Swedish context.
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Norman, Spencer A. "THE TEA PARTY VERSUS PLANNING: A STUDY OF TEA PARTY ACTIVISM AND ITS IMPACT ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT PLANNING." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5029.
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The Tea Party movement’s effect on local and regional planning in Virginia has received little study. This work identifies how conservative political activism has impacted planning in the Commonwealth and how planners have responded. The study relies on a qualitative approach involving 22 semi-structured interviews with activists, planners, and citizens, as well as textual analyses of planning documents, local and regional news reports, and Tea Party social media. The resultant findings show that Tea Party activism is rooted in deep seated ideals about private property rights and individualism. It also reveals that planning processes that increased the amount of public input had the effect of mitigating the impact of activism. The study concludes by suggesting that strategies based in the communicative style of planning offer an effective way to overcome such opposition while enhancing the many benefits of having significant citizen input in the planning process.
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Bennett, Kellie. "Outcomes of community engagement in neighbourhood renewal: community confidence, participation and asset based community development." Thesis, Bennett, Kellie (2017) Outcomes of community engagement in neighbourhood renewal: community confidence, participation and asset based community development. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2017. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41318/.
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Ndlovu, Nontobeko Nontando. "Participation of wards in Operation Sukuma Sakhe activities within the city of Umhlathuze." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1531.
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A thesis submitted to the Faculty Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts in Development Studies in the Department of Anthropology and Development Studies at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2017The study set out to obtain information on the nature and level of participation of community members in the implementation of Operation Sukuma Sakhe (OSS). A case study research design was adopted. A sample of 125 respondents was selected using the purposive sampling method for the key informants such as the traditional leadership, officials deployed by the government to the programme, fieldworkers and CSO. A convenience sampling method was also used for focus groups and to select participants from the community. An interview schedule which had both structured and unstructured questions, was used to gather the required data. For data analysis, the thematic analysis method was used. It was discovered that there are various methods used to engage the community in the programme, namely: mass community meetings, door-to-door visits, household visits and participation of the community as walk-ins. The most commonly used method to engage community members was found to be the door-to-door visits where the CCGs were actively involved. The respondents participated only in the identification of issues affecting them and not in identifying possible solutions to the problems. The decisions were seemingly taken by external members, something which has negative implications on community development of projects. The participation of community members in the form of ‘walk-ins’ raised concern, as this is taken as a sign of lack of commitment, which could result in people not viewing the programme as a learning process which could lead to growth and change. The method cannot be considered as a reliable or effective way of ensuring adequate participation in any service delivery or community development programme. It basically suggests low levels of participation and that the actual implementation does not encourage the development of what is referred to as the ‘we feeling’ or ownership of the programme in participation circles. It is also concluded that gender-specific capacitation and empowerment programmes have to be instituted, because the programme predominantly comprises women. The group that was found to be actively involved is usually characterised by inadequate access to assets and productive resources, and a lack of knowledge or skills. Among the officials in the WR, limited knowledge on roles and responsibilities was noted in certain wards, and this has implications for service delivery and may be somehow responsible for the lack of participation in WR activities.
Books on the topic "Public participation and community engagement"
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The capacity for civic engagement: Public and private worlds of the self. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.
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Levine, Peter. Civic engagement and community information: Five strategies to revive civic communication. Washington, D.C: Aspen Institute, 2011.
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Community engagement, organization, and development for public health practice. New York, NY: Springer, 2012.
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Public engagement for public education: Joining forces to revitalize democracy and equalize schools. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 2011.
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Handbook on family and community engagement. Charlotte, N.C: Information Age Publishing, Inc., 2011.
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Harding, Harry. Public engagement in American foreign policy. New York: American Assembly, 1995.
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Fakaosi, Sione. Community awareness, engagement and participatory workshop report. Apia, Samoa: [Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme], 2003.
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Fakaosi, Sione. Community awareness, engagement and participatory workshop report. Apia, Samoa: [Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme], 2003.
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Fakaosi, Sione. Community awareness, engagement and participatory workshop report. Apia, Samoa: [Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme], 2003.
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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., ed. Focus on citizens: Public engagement for better policy and services. [Paris]: OECD, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Public participation and community engagement"
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O’Brien, Ann, William Golden, and Murray Scott. "Discovering Sense of Community Enabling Factors for Public and Government Staff in Online Public Engagement." In Electronic Participation, 15–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82824-0_2.
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Albrecht, James F. "Promoting Enhanced Public Participation and Community Engagement in Policing." In Policing and Minority Communities, 55–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19182-5_4.
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Kalinina, Ekaterina. "Affordances of Digital Archives: The Case of the Prozhito Archive of Personal Diaries." In The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies, 371–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42855-6_21.
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With regard to increasing politicization and instrumentalization of history in Russia and the development of digital tools allowing public access to previously non-available historical documents, analysis of digital platforms exhibiting potential for engagement with the past becomes of relevance to Russian and Digital Media Studies. Therefore this chapter focuses on a Russian case study Prozhito, a digital archive of personal diaries created by a community of volunteers. Being an example of public engagement with the past, Prozhito, nevertheless, has a number of constraints that raise ethical, political and techno-methodological questions concerning archival composition and affordances of the platform for participation. Therefore the aim of this chapter is to study Prozhito’s affordances to learn more about the potentials of such platforms for the production of historical knowledge.
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Raineri, Paolo, and Francesco Molinari. "Innovation in Data Visualisation for Public Policy Making." In The Data Shake, 47–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63693-7_4.
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AbstractIn this contribution, we propose a reflection on the potential of data visualisation technologies for (informed) public policy making in a growingly complex and fast changing landscape—epitomized by the situation created after the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the results of an online survey of more than 50 data scientists from all over the world, we highlight five application areas seeing the biggest needs for innovation according to the domain specialists. Our main argument is that we are facing a transformation of the business cases supporting the adoption and implementation of data visualisation methods and tools in government, which the conventional view of the value of Business Intelligence does not capture in full. Such evolution can drive a new wave of innovations that preserve (or restore) the human brain’s centrality in a decision making environment that is increasingly dominated—for good and bad—by artificial intelligence. Citizen science, design thinking, and accountability are mentioned as triggers of civic engagement and participation that can bring a community of “knowledge intermediaries” into the daily discussion on data supported policy making.
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Dryjanska, Laura, Jana Kostalova, and Davorka Vidović. "Higher Education Practices for Social Innovation and Sustainable Development." In Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management, 107–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84044-0_6.
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AbstractSocial innovation and sustainable development should constitute learning objectives in higher education across disciplines, while encouraging collaboration among future professionals. The theoretical framework of the multidisciplinary theory of social representations applies the training model of scientist-practitioner-advocate to education aimed at social innovation. The contribution considers sustainable development in the light of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This chapter discusses some higher education practices from two different countries and fields of study. In the Czech Republic, innovative ways of involving students in practical work experience consist of participation in existing community projects, creation of publicly presented content or involvement in real-life situations. These practices and examples of activities lead towards enhanced civic engagement and responsibility; and a sustainable approach of students. In Croatia, innovative interactive practices include rural pop-up hubs and action research projects. They have been applied in both public and private higher education institutions to boost students’ engagement and critical thinking.
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Lewis, Alexandra. "Public Participation in Decision-making." In Beyond Community Care, 137–61. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21393-1_6.
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Hancock, Paul, Helen Gibson, and Babak Akhgar. "AEsOP: Applied Engagement for Community Participation." In Serious Games for Enhancing Law Enforcement Agencies, 209–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29926-2_13.
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Riboni, Georgia. "Enhancing citizen engagement." In Participation in Public and Social Media Interactions, 259–80. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.256.11rib.
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Andersen, Kim, Jakob Ohme, Camilla Bjarnøe, Mats Joe Bordacconi, Erik Albæk, and Claes de Vreese. "Participation targeting the local community." In Generational Gaps in Political Media Use and Civic Engagement, 81–89. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge studies in media, communication, and politics: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003111498-7.
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Dunne, Julie, Ayesha O’Reilly, Ashley O’Donoghue, and Mary Kinahan. "A Review of Irish National Strategy for Gender Equality in Higher Education 2010–2021." In Women in STEM in Higher Education, 21–49. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1552-9_2.
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AbstractThis chapter provides a narrative of the key policies, initiatives and actions that have transformed both the landscape of gender equality in Higher Education in Ireland, and the role of gender equality in research policy and public engagement in STEM over the last decade. It aims to provide leaders committed to gender equality with examples of good practice within the EU-Irish context. The first part of the chapter focuses on the EU gender equality strategies for Higher Education. It explains the review of gender equality undertaken by the Irish Higher Education Authority (HEA), the significant findings, and the National Gender Action Plan designed to address the issues identified. It contains examples of high-level initiatives implemented to deliver on key actions. These include centres of excellence for Gender Equality, and affirmative actions taken to address imbalance at senior levels in the Irish Higher Education system. It also provides an account of Irish participation in the UK Advance Higher Education (Advance HE) gender supports including the women’s leadership programme ‘Aurora’, and the ‘Athena SWAN’ charter that provides an accreditation framework for auditing, supporting and transforming gender equality in Higher Education Institutions. For context, some examples of implementing these in an Irish Institution are provided. The chapter then reviews the gender equality strategies and policies of the main research funding organisations in Ireland, namely Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), and the Irish Research Council (IRC). It indicates how gender equality manifests in achieving gender balance in the Irish research community; and in funding applications and consequently in research design to embed the gender element. It also provides an overview of recent national studies carried out to analyse the Irish public’s perceptions and awareness of STEM in society, and factors leading to career and study choices by young Irish people. It signposts to the recent actions to address gender equality provided under SFI’s remit for public engagement in STEM.
Conference papers on the topic "Public participation and community engagement"
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Lee, Ming-Chun. "People, Places, Memories and Mobile Apps. Understanding the Potential of Augmented Reality in Public Participation and Community Development." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/yiwv5912.
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Augmented Reality (AR) goes beyond the dichotomy of passive methods of engagement with the public. It offers an interactive method to expand visualization techniques in participatory planning processes. This paper discusses three mobile apps developed by a partnership. These apps support a series of community events aimed at increasing overall public participation and civic engagement with a goal of increasing awareness of community history through data visualization and storytelling.
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Baetens, Jan, Roberta Pireddu, and Frederik Truyen. "UPGRADING MOOC STUDENTS' ENGAGEMENT AND PARTICIPATION IN HUMANITIES-ORIENTED ONLINE COURSES: THE EXAMPLE OF THE MOOC BASED ON THE PROJECT “DETECT”." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end089.
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Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) have become a grounded reality and a stable concept in the distance education panorama with worldwide universities continuously creating and offering every year broad selections of online courses. Nevertheless, despite the many developments in terms of individual and distance learning approaches, it is indetermined if MOOCs can deliver effective pedagogical methods and tools suitable for the implementation of online courses in the categories of art and humanities as well as in creating environments that give equal space to the two complementary layers of distance learning and distant teaching. Consequently, also the development of a valid, and captivating e-learning experience able to effectively reach out to students of different backgrounds, creating an impactful learning community represents a challenge. This issue acquires certain relevance particularly in relation to the much-debated question around the most effective pedagogical methodology to deliver humanities-oriented knowledge in a distant learning context. This paper provides an overview of the educational and pedagogical formulas adopted for the creation of a MOOC on European Crime Fiction, currently being developed in the framework of DETECt – Detecting Transcultural Identity in European Popular Crime Narratives (https://www.detect-project.eu/) a project funded by European’s Union Horizon 2020. The MOOC concept presented in the framework of this research concentrates on the development of mixed e-learning and e-teaching strategies, that leverages the application of pedagogical elements like social network and independent learning and combines them with users’ engagement methods. On the one hand, this research aims to challenge the debate related to the effectiveness of teaching and learning a humanities-oriented subject in a distance learning environment. On the other hand, intends to recreate a vibrant learning community capable of broadening the academic research carried out by the project enabling the collaboration between the MOOC public and the researchers and teachers.
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Schneider, Jerry, Jeffrey Wagner, and Judy Connell. "Restoring Public Trust While Tearing Down Site in Rural Ohio." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7319.
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In the mid-1980s, the impact of three decades of uranium processing near rural Fernald, Ohio, 18 miles northwest of Cincinnati, became the centre of national public controversy. When a series of incidents at the uranium foundry brought to light the years of contamination to the environment and surrounding farmland communities, local citizens’ groups united and demanded a role in determining the plans for cleaning up the site. One citizens’ group, Fernald Residents for Environmental Safety and Health (FRESH), formed in 1984 following reports that nearly 300 pounds of enriched uranium oxide had been released from a dust-collector system, and three off-property wells south of the site were contaminated with uranium. For 22 years, FRESH monitored activities at Fernald and participated in the decision-making process with management and regulators. The job of FRESH ended on 19 January this year when the U.S. Secretary of Energy Samuel Bodman and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Stephen Johnson — flanked by local, state, and national elected officials, and citizen-led environmental watchdog groups including FRESH — officially declared the Fernald Site clean of all nuclear contamination and open to public access. It marked the end of a remarkable turnaround in public confidence and trust that had attracted critical reports from around the world: the Cincinnati Enquirer; U.S. national news programs 60 Minutes, 20/20, Nightline, and 48 Hours; worldwide media outlets from the British Broadcasting Company and Canadian Broadcasting Company; Japanese newspapers; and German reporters. When personnel from Fluor arrived in 1992, the management team thought it understood the issues and concerns of each stakeholder group, and was determined to implement the decommissioning scope of work aggressively, confident that stakeholders would agree with its plans. This approach resulted in strained relationships with opinion leaders during the early months of Fluor’s contract. To forge better relationships, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) who owns the site, and Fluor embarked on three new strategies based on engaging citizens and interested stakeholder groups in the decision-making process. The first strategy was opening communication channels with site leadership, technical staff, and regulators. This strategy combined a strong public-information program with two-way communications between management and the community, soliciting and encouraging stakeholder participation early in the decision-making process. Fluor’s public-participation strategy exceeded the “check-the-box” approach common within the nuclear-weapons complex, and set a national standard that stands alone today. The second stakeholder-engagement strategy sprang from mending fences with the regulators and the community. The approach for dispositioning low-level waste was a 25-year plan to ship it off the site. Working with stakeholders, DOE and Fluor were able to convince the community to accept a plan to safely store waste permanently on site, which would save 15 years of cleanup and millions of dollars in cost. The third strategy addressed the potentially long delays in finalizing remedial action plans due to formal public comment periods and State and Federal regulatory approvals. Working closely with the U.S. and Ohio Environmental Protection Agencies (EPA) and other stakeholders, DOE and Fluor were able to secure approvals of five Records of Decision on time – a first for the DOE complex. Developing open and honest relationships with union leaders, the workforce, regulators and community groups played a major role in DOE and Fluor cleaning up and closing the site. Using lessons learned at Fernald, DOE was able to resolve challenges at other sites, including worker transition, labour disputes, and damaged relationships with regulators and the community. It took significant time early in the project to convince the workforce that their future lay in cleanup, not in holding out hope for production to resume. It took more time to repair relationships with Ohio regulators and the local community. Developing these relationships over the years required constant, open communications between site decision makers and stakeholders to identify issues and to overcome potential barriers. Fluor’s open public-participation strategy resulted in stakeholder consensus of five remedial-action plans that directed Fernald cleanup. This strategy included establishing a public-participation program that emphasized a shared-decision making process and abandoned the government’s traditional, non-participatory “Decide, Announce, Defend” approach. Fernald’s program became a model within the DOE complex for effective public participation. Fluor led the formation of the first DOE site-specific advisory board dedicated to remediation and closure. The board was successful at building consensus on critical issues affecting long-term site remediation, such as cleanup levels, waste disposal and final land use. Fluor created innovative public outreach tools, such as “Cleanopoly,” based on the Monopoly game, to help illustrate complex concepts, including risk levels, remediation techniques, and associated costs. These innovative tools helped DOE and Fluor gain stakeholder consensus on all cleanup plans. To commemorate the outstanding commitment of Fernald stakeholders to this massive environmental-restoration project, Fluor donated $20,000 to build the Weapons to Wetlands Grove overlooking the former 136-acre production area. The grove contains 24 trees, each dedicated to “[a] leader(s) behind the Fernald cleanup.” Over the years, Fluor, through the Fluor Foundation, also invested in educational and humanitarian projects, contributing nearly $2 million to communities in southwestern Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana. Further, to help offset the economic impact of the site’s closing to the community, DOE and Fluor promoted economic development in the region by donating excess equipment and property to local schools and townships. This paper discusses the details of the public-involvement program — from inception through maturity — and presents some lessons learned that can be applied to other similar projects.
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Peterson, Benjamin, and R. Kyle Warren. "Contested Territories: Evaluating the Limits and Liberties of Design (and Designers) in Public Space." In Schools of Thought Conference. University of Oklahoma, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/11244/335073.
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Recent accounts in Boston highlight tensions among individuals experiencing homelessness, individuals seeking treatment for substance use disorder, service providers, advocates, residents, and business owners in geographies colloquially referred to as “Mass and Cass.” The dynamic frictions of lived experience unfold in public spaces entangled in a field of social, political, economic, and spatial conditions. The Boston Architectural College, mission-driven to “provide excellence in design education emerging from practice and accessible to diverse communities,” sits less than a mile from these geographies. A curriculum in applied learning, where practicing and learning occurs concurrently, distinguishes the BAC’s educational approach from co-op or externship models. Its educational agenda recognizes the vital dialogue between academia and practice and locates teaching and learning directly within these conduits. This research-driven project focuses on the spatial, sociocultural geographies of Mass and Cass and examines the pedagogies of community participation and engagement in design education. The project addresses the nature of interdisciplinary teaching and learning in design settings through examining modes of critical thinking, listening, reflection, and translation as integral to civic spatial practices. Using the tools of spatial designers and conceptual frameworks from other disciplines, students attempt to understand the agents, actors, and forces at play in the conditions of Mass and Cass. Through critical inquiry into the sociocultural contexts that characterize the spatial narratives of Mass and Cass, students (and city agencies as collaborators) seek to identify moments when design or designers have, may have, or could have intervened in these contested territories.
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Sung, Hui-Yun, Mark Hepworth, and Gillian Ragsdell. "Community engagement in public libraries." In the 2011 iConference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1940761.1940922.
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Cauchie, Dimitri, Marielle Bruyninckx, and Gladys Coulon. "HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAM IN MADAGASCAR: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT AND YOUTH PARTICIPATION." In 11th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2018.0163.
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"Public Participation: A New Attempt on Modern Community Governance." In 2017 International Conference on Frontiers in Educational Technologies and Management Sciences. Francis Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/fetms.2017.054.
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Borda, Sylvia Grace. "Digital image archives as public artwork and community engagement." In Electronic Visualisation and the Arts (EVA 2010). BCS Learning & Development, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/eva2010.31.
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Reinig, Lydia, and Leah Sprain. "Cultural Discourses of Public Engagement: Insights for Energy System Transformation." In 2016: Confronting the challenges of public participation in environmental, planning and health decision-making. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/sciencecommunication-180809-13.
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Grudens-Schuck, Nancy, and Zulham Sirajuddin. "Citizen Science: Evaluating for Civic Engagement." In 2016: Confronting the challenges of public participation in environmental, planning and health decision-making. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/sciencecommunication-180809-5.
Full textReports on the topic "Public participation and community engagement"
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Betancourt, Nicole, and Christine Wolff-Eisenberg. Surveying Community College Students: Strategies for Maximizing Engagement and Increasing Participation. Ithaka S+R, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18665/sr.312046.
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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Power, politics, and performance: community participation in South African public works programs. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/0896291472rr143.
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Thorne, Sarah, David Kovacs, Joseph Gailani, and Burton Suedel. A community engagement framework using mental modeling : the Seven Mile Island Innovation Lab community engagement pilot—Phase I. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44983.
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The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) engages and collaborates with multiple stakeholders—from agency partners, to public, private, and not-for-profit organizations, to community residents—to develop its dredged-sediment long-term management strategy (LTMS) that expands benefi-cial-use (BU) practices. In spring 2019, USACE collaborated with Decision Partners, the USACE–Philadelphia District Operations Division, The Wetlands Institute, and the Engineering With Nature program leadership to adapt, test, and refine the proven behavioral-science-based processes, methods, and tools based on Decision Partners’ Mental Modeling Insight, or MMI, approach for engaging stakeholders, including community members, as part of the Seven Mile Island Innovation Laboratory (SMIIL) initiative in coastal New Jersey. The team identified key community stakeholders and conducted research to better understand their values, interests, priorities, and preferences regarding wetlands and USACE activities in the Seven Mile Island area and those activities’ effects on wetlands, including protecting the environment, wildlife habitat, aesthetic beauty, maintaining navigability, and supporting coastal resilience. Understanding stakeholder needs, values, interests, priorities, and preferences is key to designing effective engagement strategies for diverse communities for SMIIL and provides a foundation for the community engagement framework currently being developed for application across USACE.
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Bano, Masooda, and Daniel Dyonisius. The Role of District-Level Political Elites in Education Planning in Indonesia: Evidence from Two Districts. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/109.
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Focus on decentralisation as a way to improve service delivery has led to significant research on the processes of education-policy adoption and implementation at the district level. Much of this research has, however, focused on understanding the working of the district education bureaucracies and the impact of increased community participation on holding teachers to account. Despite recognition of the role of political elites in prioritising investment in education, studies examining this, especially at the district-government level, are rare. This paper explores the extent and nature of engagement of political elites in setting the education-reform agenda in two districts in the state of West Java in Indonesia: Karawang (urban district) and Purwakarta (rural district). The paper shows that for a country where the state schooling system faces a serious learning crisis, the district-level political elites do show considerable levels of engagement with education issues: governments in both districts under study allocate higher percentages of the district-government budget to education than mandated by the national legislation. However, the attitude of the political elites towards meeting challenges to the provision of good-quality education appears to be opportunistic and tokenistic: policies prioritised are those that promise immediate visibility and credit-taking, help to consolidate the authority of the bupati (the top political position in the district-government hierarchy), and align with the ruling party’s political positioning or ideology. A desire to appease growing community demand for investment in education rather than a commitment to improving learning outcomes seems to guide the process. Faced with public pressure for increased access to formal employment opportunities, the political elites in the urban district have invested in providing scholarships for secondary-school students to ensure secondary school completion, even though the district-government budget is meant for primary and junior secondary schools. The bupati in the rural district, has, on the other hand, prioritised investment in moral education; such prioritisation is in line with the community's preferences, but it is also opportunistic, as increased respect for tradition also preserves reverence for the post of the bupati—a position which was part of the traditional governance system before being absorbed into the modern democratic framework. The paper thus shows that decentralisation is enabling communities to make political elites recognise that they want the state to prioritise education, but that the response of the political elites remains piecemeal, with no evidence of a serious commitment to pursuing policies aimed at improving learning outcomes. Further, the paper shows that the political culture at the district level reproduces the problems associated with Indonesian democracy at the national level: the need for cross-party alliances to hold political office, and resulting pressure to share the spoils. Thus, based on the evidence from the two districts studied for this paper, we find that given the competitive and clientelist nature of political settlements in Indonesia, even the district level political elite do not seem pressured to prioritise policies aimed at improving learning outcomes.
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Hood, Sula, Brittany Campbell, and Katie Baker. Culturally Informed Community Engagement: Implications for Inclusive Science and Health Equity. RTI Press, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2023.op.0083.2301.
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Public health efforts seeking to reduce disparities and promote equity must be inclusive to reach their full potential. Interventions, programs, and initiatives designed to promote health equity among Communities of Color must be culturally informed. Communities and the cultural values and practices that shape them are closely intertwined, creating opportunities for a more intentional approach to community engagement. Yosso’s framework of Community Cultural Wealth (CCW) emphasizes six forms of capital that People and Communities of Color use to thrive and succeed: social, navigational, linguistic, familial, resistant, and aspirational. We anchor our approach—culturally informed community engagement—in the core tenets of CCW. This paper discusses CCW and its applicability and utility for facilitating culturally informed community engagement in health research. In our approach, asset-based frameworks intersect with community engagement, CCW, and principles of health equity. We discuss how applying CCW to conducting community-engaged research promotes health equity, inclusive science, and authentic relationships with community partners. Lastly, we provide applied examples of community-engaged interventions that leverage cultural assets in Communities of Color to reduce disparities and promote health equity.
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Thomas, Jakana. Duty and Defiance: Women in Community-based Armed Groups in West Africa. RESOLVE Network, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags2021.1.
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This desk report explores how West African community-based armed groups (CBAGs) facilitate women’s engagement with politics, create avenues for female expressions of anger, commitment to community values and national identity, and enable women to push for change in their communities by opening spaces for female participation. Assessing the formal and informal contributions women make to armed community mobilization and hybrid security reveals opportunities for gender-specific engagement and cautions that unidimensional considerations of where and how women intersect with conflict and security have the potential to undermine violence reduction and post-conflict peacebuilding efforts.
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Donnelly, Phoebe, and Boglarka Bozsogi. Agitators and Pacifiers: Women in Community-based Armed Groups in Kenya. RESOLVE Network, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags2022.4.
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This research report is a case study of women’s participation in community-based armed groups (CBAGs) in Kenya. It examines: the diversity of women’s motivations to participate in community-based armed groups in Kenya; women’s roles and agency within community-based armed groups, communal conflicts, as well as community security and peacebuilding structures; and gender dynamics in conflict ecosystems, including social perceptions about women’s engagement in conflict. This case study contributes to the literature on women and CBAGs by examining the variations in their engagement across a single country, based on diverse local contexts. Data collection sites for the study included 1) the capital city, Nairobi; 2) Isiolo County; 3) Marsabit County; 4) Mombasa County; and 5) Bungoma County. Together, these sites provide insight into local conflict dynamics in rural and urban areas; on country borders and on the coast; and in communities with ethnic polarization, land conflicts, criminal gangs, and histories of violent extremism and secessionist movements. The Kenyan research team employed a qualitative approach to data collection through key informant interviews (KIIs), focus group discussions (FGDs), and the use of secondary source data. The findings show that there is no single template for understanding women’s engagement with CBAGs; instead, women’s motivations and roles within these groups are varied and highly contextual, just as with the motivations and roles of men. This study demonstrates the utility of context-specific analyses at the sub-national level to capture the range of women’s participation in and engagement with CBAGs and their greater contributions to the local security landscape.
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Gupte, Jaideep, Louise Clark, Debjani Ghosh, Sarath Babu, Priyanka Mehra, Asif Raza, Vaibhav Sharma, et al. Embedding Community Voice into Smart City Spatial Planning. Institute of Development Studies, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.005.
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Public participation in spatial planning is a vital means to successful policymaking and can be enhanced by combining geospatial methods with participatory learning and action. Based on a pilot study in Bhopal, India involving urban authorities, civil society organisations and experts in an informal settlement during Covid-19 lockdowns, we find that the obstacles to sustaining public participation are not technological, but arise from a lack of awareness of the added value of ‘second order solutions’. We outline key approaches that emphasise short-term, feasible, and low-cost ways to embed community voice into participatory spatial planning.
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Bano, Masooda. In Need of Fresh Thinking: What Pratham’s Experience of Mobilising Communities Says about Current Development Thinking about Community Participation in Education. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/100.
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For more than two decades, the international development community has advocated that establishing school-based management committees to involve communities to monitor and hold teachers, principals, and district government officials accountable would improve state schooling in developing countries; yet the evidence to sustain this claim to date remains questionable. Considering the case of Pratham, the largest education NGO in India, which is widely recognised as having developed a successful model to improve learning outcomes among children in state schools and is known for doing it through active community engagement, this paper questions whether the current development thinking on best modes of engaging communities to improve learning outcomes in state schools needs fresh thinking. The paper questions the validity of the two central assumptions underpinning the school-based management model: that better-informed communities will become involved in education activities with some mobilisation and training; and that engaged communities will be able to hold to account front-line state officials, starting with teachers and principals and moving on to the district government officials. Pratham’s experience shows that dissemination of information about benefits of education does not automatically result in community engagement; instead, people are motivated to become involved on the basis of individual-based incentives. Equally, it shows that for a community to influence the actions of front-line staff, it is important to develop a co-operative and supportive relationship, instead of focusing on accountability. Pratham’s experience thus shows that there is much scope for fresh thinking within the international development community on how to engage communities in developing countries in improving learning outcomes in state schools.
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Lenhardt, Amanda. Local Knowledge and Participation in the Covid-19 Response. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/cc.2021.005.
Full textAbstract:
This report explores approaches to participation in humanitarian response and evidence on the contributions of community engagement in effective response and recovery efforts.It begins with a brief overview of decolonial perspectives on the Covid-19 pandemic to situate participation in the wider context and history of humanitarian and development theory and practice. This is followed by a brief summary of evidence on the role of participation in humanitarian activities andsituates the now ubiquitous concept of ‘Building Back Better’ (BBB) inthe discussion of participatory crisis response and recovery. The remaining sections of the report introduce participatory approaches that have been applied through the Covid-19 pandemic: decentralised decision-making, technological adaptations to engage local communities, and Southern-led research and participatory research methods.