Academic literature on the topic 'Public health code'
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Journal articles on the topic "Public health code":
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Lee, Lisa M., Celia B. Fisher, and Bruce Jennings. "Revising the American Public Health Association’s Public Health Code of Ethics." American Journal of Public Health 106, no. 7 (July 2016): 1198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2016.303208.
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Thomas, James C., Michael Sage, Jack Dillenberg, and V. James Guillory. "A Code of Ethics for Public Health." American Journal of Public Health 92, no. 7 (July 2002): 1057–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.92.7.1057.
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Thomas, James C., Debra E. Irwin, Erin Shaugnessy Zuiker, and Robert C. Millikan. "Genomics and the Public Health Code of Ethics." American Journal of Public Health 95, no. 12 (December 2005): 2139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2005.066878.
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Brady, Eoghan S., Jonathon P. Leider, Beth A. Resnick, Y. Natalia Alfonso, and David Bishai. "Machine-Learning Algorithms to Code Public Health Spending Accounts." Public Health Reports 132, no. 3 (March 31, 2017): 350–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354917700356.
Abstract:
Objectives: Government public health expenditure data sets require time- and labor-intensive manipulation to summarize results that public health policy makers can use. Our objective was to compare the performances of machine-learning algorithms with manual classification of public health expenditures to determine if machines could provide a faster, cheaper alternative to manual classification. Methods: We used machine-learning algorithms to replicate the process of manually classifying state public health expenditures, using the standardized public health spending categories from the Foundational Public Health Services model and a large data set from the US Census Bureau. We obtained a data set of 1.9 million individual expenditure items from 2000 to 2013. We collapsed these data into 147 280 summary expenditure records, and we followed a standardized method of manually classifying each expenditure record as public health, maybe public health, or not public health. We then trained 9 machine-learning algorithms to replicate the manual process. We calculated recall, precision, and coverage rates to measure the performance of individual and ensembled algorithms. Results: Compared with manual classification, the machine-learning random forests algorithm produced 84% recall and 91% precision. With algorithm ensembling, we achieved our target criterion of 90% recall by using a consensus ensemble of ≥6 algorithms while still retaining 93% coverage, leaving only 7% of the summary expenditure records unclassified. Conclusions: Machine learning can be a time- and cost-saving tool for estimating public health spending in the United States. It can be used with standardized public health spending categories based on the Foundational Public Health Services model to help parse public health expenditure information from other types of health-related spending, provide data that are more comparable across public health organizations, and evaluate the impact of evidence-based public health resource allocation.
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Ossei-Owusu, Shaun. "Code Red." American Journal of Law & Medicine 43, no. 4 (November 2017): 344–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0098858817753404.
Abstract:
The United States' health care system is mired in uncertainty. Public opinion on the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (“ACA”) is undeniably mixed and politicized. The individual mandate, tax subsidies, and Medicaid expansion dominate the discussion. This Article argues that the ACA and reform discourse have given short shrift to a more static problem: the law of emergency care. The Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act of 1986 (“EMTALA”) requires most hospitals to screen patients for emergency medical conditions and provide stabilizing treatment regardless of patients' insurance status or ability to pay. Remarkably, this law strengthened the health safety net in a country that has no universal health care. But it is an unfunded mandate that responded to the problem of emergency care in a flawed fashion and contributed to the supposed “free rider” problem that the ACA attempted to cure.But the ACA has also not been effective at addressing the issue of emergency care. The ACA's architects reduced funding for hospitals that serve a disproportionate percentage of the medically indigent but did not anticipate the Supreme Court's ruling in NFIB v. Sebelius, which made Medicaid expansion optional. Public and non-profit hospitals now face a scenario of less funding and potentially higher emergency room utilization due to continued uninsurance or underinsurance. Alternatives to the ACA have been insufficiently attentive to the importance of emergency care in our health system. This Article contends that any proposal that does not seriously consider EMTALA is incomplete and bound to produce some of the same problems that have dogged the American health care system for the past few decades. Moreover, the Article shows how notions of race, citizenship, and deservingness have filtered into this health care trajectory, and in the context of reform, have the potential to exacerbate existing health inequality. The paper concludes with normative suggestions on how to the mitigate EMTALA's problems in ways that might improve population health.
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Thomas, James C., and Nabarun Dasgupta. "Ethical Pandemic Control Through the Public Health Code of Ethics." American Journal of Public Health 110, no. 8 (August 2020): 1171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.305785.
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Moore, Elaine. "Code Blue." Family & Community Health 28, no. 2 (April 2005): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003727-200504000-00013.
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Jia, Shuangyue, Ying Wang, Qingyu Li, and Yan Zhang. "Discussion and Countermeasures on the Application of Health Code in the Routine Prevention and Control of COVID-19." International Journal of Social Sciences and Public Administration 3, no. 1 (May 27, 2024): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/ijsspa.v3n1.20.
Abstract:
From the previous SARS to the current novel coronavirus, major public health emergencies have occurred in China one after another. With the development of The Times and the progress of society and science and technology, people are more and more aware of the importance of effective prevention and control of such incidents, and what means to adopt effective prevention and control has gradually attracted global attention. In the context of the new coronavirus epidemic, the health code, an innovative young measure, can be said to have opened up a precedent and played an irreplaceable role in China's epidemic prevention and control. In the three years since the outbreak of COVID-19 from the beginning of 2020 to the end of 2022, health codes have been widely used and become an important means of epidemic prevention, but some problems have inevitably been exposed, especially in the period of normal epidemic prevention and control, such as: The problems of digital divide, information island, and abnormal color of health code have impacted the effective prevention and control of the epidemic in this period. After fully considering and demonstrating the application scenarios and promotion conditions of health code, combine and utilize existing technologies, such as: Bluetooth or GPS positioning, digital contact tracking technology, automatic identification technology, remote technology, etc., put forward the innovative concept of "health code chip", which can not only solve such problems, improve the technical level and practical application range of health code, so that health code has become an important tool and effective means to deal with major public health emergencies. Moreover, it can provide valuable reference opinions and experience for the handling of major public health emergencies in the world.
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Halma, Matthew T. J., and Joshua Guetzkow. "Public Health Needs the Public Trust: A Pandemic Retrospective." BioMed 3, no. 2 (May 30, 2023): 256–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomed3020023.
Abstract:
The COVID crisis of the past three years has greatly impacted stakeholder relationships between scientists, health providers, policy makers, pharmaceutical industry employees, and the public. Lockdowns and restrictions of civil liberties strained an already fraught relationship between the public and policy makers, with scientists also seen as complicit in providing the justification for the abrogation of civil liberties. This was compounded by the suppression of open debate over contentious topics of public interest and a violation of core bioethical principles embodied in the Nuremberg Code. Overall, the policies chosen during the pandemic have had a corrosive impact on public trust, which is observable in surveys and consumer behaviour. While a loss of trust is difficult to remedy, the antidotes are accountability and transparency. This narrative review presents an overview of key issues that have motivated public distrust during the pandemic and ends with suggested remedies. Scientific norms and accountability must be restored in order to rebuild the vital relationship between scientists and the public they serve.
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Kerr, Patrick L., and Gavin Bryant. "Use of ICD-10 Codes for Human Trafficking: Analysis of Data From a Large, Multisite Clinical Database in the United States." Public Health Reports 137, no. 1_suppl (July 2022): 83S—90S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00333549221095631.
Abstract:
Objectives: People experiencing trafficking often seek health care but are not identified. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention added new International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes specific to human trafficking (hereinafter, HT ICD-10-CM codes) that could systematize the identification and documentation of human trafficking in US health care settings, the extent of their use is unknown. The objectives of this study were to investigate (1) the frequency of HT ICD-10-CM code use in US health care organizations (HCOs) and (2) demographic data associated with HT ICD-10-CM codes using a large clinical database. Methods: This retrospective study used deidentified data collected from October 1, 2018, through March 30, 2021, from a clinical database (N = 69 740 144 patients) network (TriNetX) of 48 collaborating US HCOs. Data included number of patients with ≥1 HT ICD-10-CM code, diagnoses, and demographic characteristics (age, sex, race, ethnicity, and region). Results: HT ICD-10-CM codes were associated with 298 patients in US HCOs, most of whom were young (mean [SD] age, 26 [16] y), White (53.0%; n = 158), and female (87.9%; n = 262). Thirty-seven of 48 (77.1%) participating HCOs used ≥1 HT ICD-10-CM code. The most frequently used HT ICD-10-CM codes were “forced sexual exploitation, suspected” (32.2%; n = 96) and “personal history of forced labor or sexual exploitation” (27.1%; n = 81). Labor trafficking codes were noted in approximately 3.7% of cases. Conclusions: HT ICD-10-CM codes are being used by health care professionals, as confirmed by large databases. Further research is needed to understand variation in code use and risk factors associated with human trafficking.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Public health code":
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Hughes, Kris. "Examination of inheritance rights of children under the Florida probate code." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1997. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/174.
Abstract:
This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
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Cole, LaQuitta D. "California welfare and institutions code § 369.5 authorization of psychotropic medication to California's dependent children A policy analysis." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527687.
Abstract:
The purpose of this policy analysis is to critically review the Welfare and Institutions Code§ 369.5, which regulates the authorization of psychotropic medication to treat mental disorders among California's dependent children. While these medications have been proven effective forms of treatment, there is a growing concern about their life threatening side effects.
Research has concluded that children exposed to chronic child abuse and neglect often present with behaviors indicative of trauma. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition has included criteria for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (P.T.S.D.) in children. However, the Welfare and Institutions Code§ 369.5 does not mandate psychiatrists and pediatricians to first rule out trauma prior to diagnosing foster children with one or more behavior, mood, or psychotic disorders.
Results support amending child welfare legislation and policies to reflect a shift toward trauma-focused services, thereby reducing the reliance on potentially dangerous pharmaceutical drugs.
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Al-Fahad, Jasem Y. "Reform of building codes, regulations, administration and enforcement in Kuwait : within the legal, administrative, technical & social framework." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9883.
Abstract:
The majority of building code development and implementation practices are normally connected with the progress of construction community changing awareness, needs and perspectives, advanced technology in construction and new level of knowledge. Unproven practices and the technology of building code development and implementation in case of insufficient and outdated codes, the use of unproven advanced codes of other countries, or the infringement of the existing codes, in most cases, could lead to a large number of shortcomings of minimum requirements of public health, safety and general welfare, and poor quality of buildings. Every aspect of a building code development and implementation practice could be influenced by insufficiencies and infringements in building codes/regulations that could cause buildings failures. Generally, the success of a building code development and implementation practice is directly connected with the involved insufficiencies and infringements in the framework of building code (legal, Administrative, technical, & social), i.e. faults of building code development and implementation should be successfully resolved in order to come to an end of a building project assuring code's objectives (public health, safety and general welfare). One of the early research problems of building code development and implementation practice was conducted by Productivity Commission (2004) where the research organized and categorized the causes of shortcomings of BC according to four main functions of building code, including legal, administrative, technical, and social functions. Productivity Commission Research had been the starting point of research problems of building codes in Kuwait. For the past 20 years, many researchers have high numbers of categories, components and rankings to explain different types of insufficiencies and infringements in building codes/regulations. However, these categories and rankings produce inconsistent and overlapping cause and impact factors. In addition, researchers and practitioners at this point tend to focus on the technical and administrative sides related to the issues of building codes development and implementation, and neglecting the importance of legal and social sides. Legal issues like finding a law to prepare and enforce building codes, cover of insurance companies, building materials testing system, weak regulations related issues, building specifications, and clarity of regulation texts; as well as social issues like community awareness, issuing and enforcing legal court rules, deterrent punishments for violators, violations or cheatings in related issues, all of these were deemed not that critical by most reviewers. The research is specifically concerned with the insufficiencies and infringements in building codes/regulations which cause shortcomings of minimum requirements of public health, safety and general welfare, and how related cause and impact factors are selected and organized. Existing research highlights the need for further researches of how to relate between research and building regulations that are at present. There is evidence that construction industries around the world have little experience in this area (CIB TG37, 2001). The proposal within this research is to address this aspect of the debate by seeking to clarify the role of the four functions of building code; legal, administrative, technical, and social function as a frame of reference that stakeholder parties (building officials, design and construction professionals) might agree with and which should act as the basis for the selection and formation of occurrences of cause factors, and their iv impact on public health, safety and general welfare. The focus on the four functions of building code as a fault (cause) frame of reference potentially leads to a common, practical view of the (multi) dimensionality setting of fault (cause) within which cause factors may be identified and which, we believe, could be grounded across a wide range of practices specifically in this research of building code development and implementation. The research surveyed and examined the opinions of building officials, design and construction professionals. We assess which fault (cause) factors are most likely to occur in building and construction projects; evaluate fault (cause) impact by assessing which fault (cause) factors that building officials, design and construction professionals specifically think are likely to arise in the possibility of shortcomings of minimum requirements of public health, safety and general welfare. The data obtained were processed, analyzed and ranked. By using the EXCEL and SPSS for factor analysis, all the fault (cause) factors were reduced and groups into clusters and components for further correlation analysis. The analysis was able to prove an opinion on fault (cause) likelihood, the impact of the fault (cause) on the objectives of building code. The analysis indicates that it is possible to identify grouping of insufficiencies and infringements in building codes/regulations that is correspondent to the different parts of the framework of building code (legal, Administrative, technical, & social) these suggest three identified groups when viewing cause from the likelihood occurrence and four identified groups and their impact for each building code objective. The evidence related to the impact of building code objectives, view of cause, and provides a stronger view of which components of cause were important compared with cause likelihood. The research accounts for the difference by suggesting that a more selection and formation of cause and impact, offered by viewing cause within the context of a framework of building code, and viewing impact within the context of building code objectives (public health, safety and general welfare) allows those involved in building code development and implementation to have an understandable view of the relationships within cause factors, and between cause and impact factors. It also allows the various cause components and the associated emergent clusters to be more readily identified. The contribution of the research relates to the assessment of cause within a construction that is defined in the context of a fairly broad accepted view of the framework of building code (legal, Administrative, technical, & social). The fault (cause) likelihood construction is based on the building code framework proposed in this research and could facilitates a focus on roles and responsibilities, and allows the coordination and integration of activities for regular development and implementation with the building code goals. This contribution would better enable building officials and code writers to identify and manage faults (causes) as they emerge with BC aspects/parts and more closely reflect building and construction activities and processes and facilitate the fault (cause) administration exercise.
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Richards, Janise Elaine. "Public health informatics : a consensus on core competencies /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Бадзим, Т. М. "Реформування та адміністрування у галузі охорони здоров’я (на прикладі ДУ "Сумський обласний лабораторний центр МОЗ України")." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/76387.
Abstract:
У роботі здійснено дослідження процесу реформування та адміністрування у галузі охорони здоров’я України.
Вивчено методичні підходи до оцінювання ефективності реформування медичної галузі.
Визначено поточні проблеми та перспективи реформування сфери охорони здоров'я в Україні.
Акцентовано увагу на ключових засадах, які мають сприяти реформуванню галузі охорони здоров'я . Проаналізовано нормативно-законодавчу базу системи охорони здоров’я, та визначено необхідність створення єдиного нормативно – правового документу « Медичного кодексу України» та систему фінансування медичної галузі.
Розглянуто діяльність в процесі реформування Державної Установи «Сумський обласний лабораторний центр МОЗ України» та його значення в створенні Центру громадського здоров’я в Сумській області , відповідно до міжнародних стандартів.В работе проведено исследование процесса реформирования и администрирования в области здравоохранения Украины. Изучены методические подходы к оценке эффективности реформирования медицинской отрасли. Определены текущие проблемы и перспективы реформирования сферы здравоохранения в Украине. Акцентировано внимание на ключевых принципах, которые должны способствовать реформированию отрасли здравоохранения. Проанализированы нормативно-законодательная база системы здравоохранения, и определена необходимость создания единого нормативно - правового документа «Медицинского кодекса Украины» а так же система финансирования медицинской отрасли. Рассмотрена деятельность в процессе реформирования Государственного Учреждения «Сумской областной лабораторный центр МЗ Украины» и его значение в создании Центра общественного здоровья в Сумской области, в соответствии с международными стандартами.
The paper examines the process of reforming and administering health care in Ukraine. Methodical approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of medical industry reform have been studied. The current problems and prospects of healthcare reform in Ukraine are identified. Emphasis is placed on key principles that should contribute to the reform of the healthcare sector. The regulatory and legislative framework of the health care system is analyzed and the necessity of creating a single regulatory and legal document of the “Medical Code of Ukraine” and the system of financing the medical sector are determined. The activity in the process of reforming the State Institution “Sumy Oblast Laboratory Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine” and its importance in the creation of the Public Health Center in Sumy Oblast in accordance with international standards are considered.
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Cavanaugh, Angelina. "California's narcotic registration program: Legislation in need of revision." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2370.
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McAllister, Steve Randolph. "Implementation of Food Safety Regulations in Food Service Establishments." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5902.
Abstract:
Food service businesses in the United States have experienced millions of dollars in losses caused by foodborne illness outbreaks, which can lead to bankruptcy and business closures. More than 68% of all foodborne illness outbreaks occur in food service establishments. The purpose of this descriptive case study was to explore the strategies leaders of food service establishments use to implement food safety regulations. Force field analysis was the conceptual framework for this study. The population for the study consisted of 3 leaders of food service establishments located in the southeastern region of the United States. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and a review of the business policies and procedures that support compliance with critical food safety regulations. The methodological triangulation approach was used to assist in correlating the interview responses with company policies and procedures during the data analysis process. Yin's 5-step data analysis approach resulted in 3 themes: (a) organizational performance analysis for improvements in food safety, (b) strategies applied to improve food safety, and (c) stability of new strategies for food safety. The key strategies identified included adhering to the guidelines of food code and regulation, conducting employee training and awareness building, and working closely with food safety inspectors. The implications for positive social change include the potential to add knowledge to businesses, employees, and communities on the use of effective food safety strategies to minimize foodborne illnesses. Such results may lead to the improvement of service performance and long-term growth and sustainability of food service establishments.
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Barros, Anna Luiza Monteiro de. "Cuidar em liberdade: o usuário cumprindo medida de segurança em CAPS III." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-31072014-152831/.
Abstract:
O cuidado em liberdade de pessoas cumprindo medida de segurança no contexto de um CAPS III, tema do presente trabalho, inscreve-se num ponto de tensão entre as concepções da Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileira e as questões pertinentes às pessoas em conflito com a lei. O tema não tem acúmulo de conhecimentos, conforme evidenciado pela pesquisa bibliográfica. Este estudo demonstra como um sujeito cumprindo medida de segurança é acompanhado num serviço comunitário de saúde mental e sustenta a argumentação do direito ao cuidado em liberdade. Os objetivos são: conhecer como um CAPS III da Cidade de São Paulo se organiza para cuidar de uma pessoa cumprindo medida de segurança e quais os efeitos do cuidado para a vida dessa pessoa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que utiliza o Estudo de Caso como procedimento metodológico para a apreensão e compreensão dos dados empíricos. O marco teórico que norteia este estudo é a desinstitucionalização como estratégia de produção de direitos. São 13 (treze) os sujeitos do estudo entrevistados utilizando-se a entrevista semi-estruturada. O material empírico submetido à análise temática resultou nas categorias empíricas: 1) Narrativa da história de vida do Emanuel; 2) Processos de Trabalho em Saúde Mental; 3) Dispositivo para o cuidado em liberdade: o CAPS; 4) A Necessária Formação do Trabalhador da Saúde Mental. Resultados: na análise temática dos discursos foram identificados o objeto complexo do cuidado e suas necessidades, os agentes dos distintos processos de trabalho, os instrumentos e as finalidades destes processos de trabalho, ou o objeto transformado, isto é, um sujeito atravessado, tocado e interferido pelo cuidado. O CAPS é o lócus onde os processos de trabalho se organizam para dar conta das necessidades do objeto de cuidado, utilizando como instrumentos de intervenção: escuta, afeto, grupos, pintura, atendimentos individuais, equipe de referência, conhecimentos técnicos, projeto terapêutico singular e o projeto de geração de trabalho e renda na perspectiva da Economia Solidária. Aspectos positivos e negativos do processo de trabalho aparecem nos discursos, que revelam como os sujeitos entendem o CAPS, a constituição do projeto institucional do serviço, como o avaliam, a ações intersetoriais que o caso demandou e as questões da interface com a Justiça. Identificou-se nos discursos dos agentes dos processos de trabalho a necessidade de formação para a prática cotidiana do cuidado e preocupação com a questão da violência: como intervir e como prevenir. As informações específicas das pessoas em conflito com a lei também são abordadas no discurso dos entrevistados que evidenciam grande lacuna nesta área. Depreende-se dos discursos que a construção do Projeto Terapêutico Singular neste serviço pauta-se na construção de estratégias que visam responder às necessidades das pessoas, conforme as diretrizes das políticas públicas de saúde mental e da Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileira. As pessoas em conflito com a lei apresentam uma necessidade que é específica, particular, de agenciamento de possibilidade de defesa. Outros sujeitos podem demandar outras necessidades e os serviços, para serem efetivos, têm que atender todo mundo: têm que saber agenciar recursos para quem chega.The care of people after a pleading insanity is made in freedom and can be done in a Mental Health Center (CAPS III), that is the theme of this master, and its a tension point at the conceptions of the brazilian Psychiatric Reform and people who have conflicts with the law. Theres no enough and significant accumulation of knowledge about this theme as the bibliography shows. This study can be used to make understandable as a person after the plea of insanity is followed in a treatment system in a community service of mental health. The goals: to know how a Mental Health Center of the city of São Paulo is organized to take care of people after a plea of insanity and what are the effects for this person. Its a qualitative study that uses the Study of Case as methodological procedure for the apprehension and understanding of the empirical data. The theoretical reference that guides this study was the deinstitutionalization as strategy for the production of rights. The 13 (thirteen) people of the study were interviewed, using a interview semi-structured. The empirical material after thematic analyzes showed: 1) Narrative of Emanuels life story; 2) work processes in mental health 3) A service for the treatment in freedom: the CAPS; 4) The necessary graduation of the worker in Mental Health. Results: In the Thematic Analyzes of the speech were identified: the complex object of care and its needs, the agents of the distinct processes of work, the instruments and its purposes of work processes: a person crossed, touched and interfered for the care. The CAPS is the setting where the work processes are organized to give support of the needs of this work object, and it uses instruments for intervention: as the listening, affection, groups, painting, individual consults, reference team, technic knowledge, Individual Therapeutic Projects and a project to generate employment and income in view of the Solidarity Economy. Positive and negatives aspects of the work process are also found in the speeches, what also shows that the people understand the CAPS, and the law of the institutional design of the service, such as assessing, the intersectoral actions demanded that are issues of interface with the justice. Were found in the speeches of the CAPS employees the need of studying to the daily practices of care and the concern with the violence matter: how the make an intervention and prevention. The specific information of people in debit with law are given also in the speeches of people that reveal a big gap in this area. People in conflict with the law have a need that is specific, particular, the possibility of defense. Other people can demand other needs and the services, for been effective, have to attend everybody: they need to be able to give resources for those arriving.
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Trusclair, Lisa Renee. "Motivating Allied Health Students to Successfully Complete Core Courses." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3640.
Abstract:
This project study addressed the problem of a decline in retention of students at a local allied health college. The need for allied health professionals is projected to exceed the availability by 2020, so it is important to identify strategies to help allied health students succeed. The purpose of this case study was to explore perceptions of students and faculty about motivating factors and learning strategies that foster successful progression in allied health programs. Ryan and Deci's self-determination theory, focused on the relationship between motivation and success, served as the framework for the study. Research questions addressed intrinsic and extrinsic factors that students and faculty identified as significant in motivating successful completion of core courses. Data collection included information from the college effective plan from the research site and face-to-face audio-recorded interviews with 10 allied health students and 5 faculty. Students were 18 years or older and enrolled in at least 1 core course in an allied health program; faculty taught at least 1 core course with at least 1 year of experience with allied health students. Interview data were analyzed through open coding to identify themes related to motivating student success in core courses. Significant motivating factors included improved quality of life (intrinsic) and a supportive learning environment (extrinsic). Motivating strategies for student success were active involvement in the learning process and hands-on learning. Findings from the study guided development of a 3-day learning community designed to support student success in core allied health courses. Positive social change may be impacted by motivating allied health students to succeed in order to meet the health care needs of clients.
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Garmendia, Craig A. "Patterns of Regularity Noncompliance Identified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and Their Effects on Meta-analyses." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3920.
Abstract:
The objective of this study was to determine the patterns of regulatory noncompliance, as identified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and their effects on meta-analyses. In order to achieve these objective, three studies were undertaken: analysis of citations issued by FDA Investigators at the conclusion of an inspection; analysis of regulatory actions taken by the FDA towards clinical researchers based on the observations cited by FDA Investigators; and sensitivity analysis of meta-analyses based on the Agency’s determination of research misconduct, primarily the falsification of data. FDA Investigator citations were analyzed using Chi-Square analysis based on geographic location of the inspection, type of inspection, and type of violation. Temporal changes in the number of inspections and the violations cited were analyzed using bivariate Poisson regression models. Bonferroni correction was employed for temporal changes across the time period analyzed. Regulatory actions taken by the agency were analyzed via Chi-Square or Fisher’s exact test based on changes identified in previous publications, temporal changes, and differences between regulatory action types. Sensitivity analysis of meta-analyses identified through a systematic review were assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively for the effects of including publications of apixaban trials with significant FDA regulatory action, i.e. the comparison of odds ratio point estimate, upper and lower 95% confidence interval, both before and after consideration of falsified data.
Under the FDA’s Bioresearch Monitoring program from 2007-2015, the number of inspections increased, but the rate of citation issuance per inspection decreased. One third of the violations were related to adherence to investigational procedures followed by informed consent violations and violations involving study records. During this same time period, 194 clinical researchers received a regulatory action based on FDA’s review of inspection results. Since 2007, rates of significant deviations had decreased. Lack of researcher supervision and submission of false information were cited more frequently for disqualification proceedings. A systematic review found 99 statistical analyses from 22 different meta-analyses available for sensitivity analyses. Nearly one-third resulted in a change in the conclusions reported in the originally published statistical analyses.
In approximately the last decade, the number of violations cited during inspections under the Bioresearch Monitoring program has decreased; however, significant improvements can continue to be made regarding adherence to study procedures, the consenting of human subjects, and creation of adequate and accurate study documentation. Disqualification of clinical researchers is more likely to occur when researchers fail to supervise a clinical trial or false information is submitted to the FDA. Falsified data can make its way into the exploding field of meta-analyses, a study method that provides a concise and compelling method for the dissemination of medical intervention knowledge; however, this method can be highly unstable and can provide biased results. A robust sensitivity analysis that considers data quality from available sources can help ensure calculations of the best estimates.
Books on the topic "Public health code":
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Texas. Health and safety code. St. Paul, Minn: West Pub. Co., 1992.
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United States. Food and Drug Administration., ed. Food Code, U.S. Public Health Service, 1999. [S.l: s.n., 1999.
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United States. Food and Drug Administration., ed. Food Code, U.S. Public Health Service, 2001. [S.l: s.n., 2002.
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United States. Food and Drug Administration, ed. Food Code, U.S. Public Health Service, 2001. [S.l: s.n., 2002.
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United States. Food and Drug Administration., ed. Food Code, U.S. Public Health Service, 2001. [S.l: s.n., 2002.
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United States. Food and Drug Administration., ed. Food Code, U.S. Public Health Service, 1999. [S.l: s.n., 1999.
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Madagascar. Code de santé: Malagasy. [Antananarivo, Madagascar]: Centre malgache de promotion du livre, 1987.
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Chad. Code d'hygiène de la République du Tchad. N'Djamena: Banque tchadienne de données juridiques, 2010.
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Togo. Code de la santé publique de la République Togolaise. Lomé, Togo]: République Togolaise, 2009.
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Comoros. Code de la santé publique et de l'action sociale. [Moroni]: Le Ministère, 1995.
Book chapters on the topic "Public health code":
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Wallace, Deborah, and Rodrick Wallace. "NYC COVID Markers at the ZIP Code Level." In SpringerBriefs in Public Health, 19–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59624-8_2.
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Wallace, Deborah, and Rodrick Wallace. "Parsing Meaning from the 152 ZIP Code Data." In SpringerBriefs in Public Health, 67–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88619-6_6.
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Ortmann, Leonard W. "Defining Public Health Ethics for Practitioners." In Public Health Ethics Analysis, 3–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92080-7_1.
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AbstractThis chapter stresses the collective nature of public health, defines public health ethics, and relates the latter to narrative ethics. The chapter offers four ways to define public health ethics; namely, through its problems, practice, procedure, and principles. Every area of Public Health Service poses ethics problems that involves either training issues, compliance with ethical rules and standards, or a utilitarian weighing of courses of action. The practice of public health ethics not only analyzes and addresses emergent ethical problems but also integrates ethics upstream into the design of public health programs. A public health ethics procedure provides a systematic framework for analyzing ethical problems, for designing and evaluating interventions, and for justifying one’s decisions. The chapter explores the core principles found in the American Public Health Association’s 2019 Public Health Code of Ethics. This Code reflects public health’s emphasis on health equity, inclusiveness, and engagement with marginalized communities. Accordingly, the subsequent discussion calls attention to an approach that advocates empathic listening to community members, namely, Human-centered design. The chapter closes by suggesting that narrative ethics can improve the capacity of practitioners to empathically hear the voices and stories of community members and thereby improve public health practice.
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Phalen, Robert F. "Public Perceptions." In Core Ethics for Health Professionals, 101–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56090-8_9.
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Lopez, Russell. "Housing Laws, Zoning, and Building Codes." In Building American Public Health, 47–66. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137002440_4.
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Boukalas, Christos. "Protect the NHS (the spectacle of public health)." In Biosecurity, Economic Collapse, the State to Come, 38–45. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003302988-6.
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Gartner, Danielle R., and Rachel E. Wilbur. "Exploring Public Health’s Role in Addressing Historical Trauma Among U.S. Indigenous Populations." In Public Health Ethics Analysis, 113–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92080-7_8.
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AbstractDespite decades of often well-intentioned work, public health interventions can fail to achieve desired outcomes within Native American communities. These failures may not be due to a lack of motivation on either side. Rather, they stem from a history of colonization which continues to impact the fundamental structure of public health as well as Native American responses to public health intervention. We purport that there are discrepancies between the tools provided in much of public health’s core training and the reality and needs of work in Indian Country. These discrepancies, including a fundamental lack of knowledge about historical trauma events and the ways their impacts reverberate through communities, families, and individuals, contribute to continued experiences of health disparities by Native Americans. Using narrative, this paper offers examples of this schism and is followed by four actionable steps that individuals working in settler public health institutions can take when approaching work with Native nations and communities.
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Yoshikawa, Minako Jen, Atsuo Hamada, and Christina Liew. "Addressing Needs of Foreign Schoolchildren to Combat a Global Epidemic of Dengue Virus Infection: Transnational and Trans-Sectoral Initiatives." In Integrated Science of Global Epidemics, 563–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17778-1_27.
Abstract:
SummaryThis study highlights the demand for conducting outreach to foreign demographics in countries affected by infectious diseases. The increasing global burdenof mosquito-borne Dengue virusinfection suggests that local health education efforts need to include the population’s foreign segments. Communicating information in their mother tongue and empowering them with knowledge of local diseases and preventive measures is essential when foreign residents cannot fully understand the local language(s). This paper presents an example of transnational and trans-sectoral initiatives in anti-dengue education, which involved 1,105 Japanese schoolchildren in Singapore. Paying attention to cross-cultural, language, and other elements, an academic from a university, a medical doctor from Japan, and a medical entomologist from a Singapore governmental agency collaborated. Lessons included the importance of building capacity among schoolteachers in order to engage schoolchildren. Conducting outreach to foreign residents will be increasingly important when a new technology is introduced as a preventive measure or when scientific evidence must be communicated to combat a global epidemic. Otherwise, key messages might remain unnoticed and ineffective in motivating people to take necessary action. Transnational and trans-sectoral collaboration could be a solution to sustain outreach efforts for public health. Graphical Abstract/Art Performance The code of this chapter is 01101001 01110011 01110101 01010110 01110010.
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Pineda, Victor Santiago. "Constructing a New Approach to Radical Inclusion." In Inclusion and Belonging in Cities of Tomorrow, 39–59. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3856-8_3.
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AbstractSpatial justice is an approach to social justice that takes into account the organization and utilization of geographical space and its impact on human life and social relations. Geographical location plays a key role in producing spatial injustice and exacerbating disadvantages. The social is spatial and vice versa, which is critical to understanding the experiences of marginalized individuals and communities. Despite progress in legislation, planning practitioners have not fully realized the enabling power of physical space and dominant models of disability continue to remain unjust. The organization of space and urban planning are crucial to promoting spatial justice, as studies have shown that a person’s ZIP code is a stronger predictor of health than any other factor. Public-private initiatives have often failed to consider the spatial dimension of justice in their designs and have neglected to address the exclusion of people with disabilities. The current social contract ignores the spatiality of injustice and a new social contract centered on space must be developed to reframe the problems and solutions to equity, access, and inclusion in human settlements.
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"Understanding How Health Happens: Your Zip Code is More Important Than Your Genetic Code." In Public Health Leadership, 83–99. New York : Routledge, 2016.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781498760768-16.
Conference papers on the topic "Public health code":
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Poliyevskiy, Sergey, Galina Yamaletdinova, Elena Tsoy, and Olga Grigorieva. "Health Code as Methodological Basis of Athlete Students Self-Recovery." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-73.
Abstract:
The importance of independent recreational practice for student-athletes is increasing in today’s environment. Therefore, it’s appropriate to prepare relevant recommendations for students undergoing heavy physical loads. The study was mainly aimed at the elaboration of the content of the Health Code for athlete students to render it as a component and method of implementing a self-health system. The theoretical and empirical methods applied during the implementation of the study were as follows: theoretic-comparative analysis, summarisation of relevant data from scientific-methodological publications on physiology, physical culture and sports, oriental medicine, observations, tests, mathematical statistics methods. The study used systemic and axiological approaches of a general scientific level of methodology. The Student-Athlete Health Code consists of recommendations for selecting the means of restoring performance and improving the functional state of the student-athlete body during an educational and training day. This is a set of personal health improvement rules prepared on the basis of modern scientifically reasoned data on hygiene and valeology. The Code’s programme material includes paramedical signs of the optimal functional condition and premorbid status; the authors’ recommendations on wellness devices, health monitoring tests and immune resistance; a brief description of wellness techniques, methods and recipes; express methods of reflexology and minimisation of fatigue and immunity stimulation; illustrative wellness informative tips and recommended literature. The solutions were tested in the educational and training process of students at the Russian State University of Physical Culture, Sport, Youth and Tourism, where 91.57 % of respondents mentioned benefits in their personal health after having followed the recommendations presented in the Health Code.
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Pardede, Nurmalia, Evinta Hotmarlina, Garry Kurniawan, and David Kristanto. "Christian Dress Code during Online Worship." In 2nd International Conference on Social Science, Humanity and Public Health (ICOSHIP 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220207.033.
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Suryani, Dewi Lena, Filda Ernawati, and Diana Barsasella. "Diversity of Medical Terminology Based on Snomed-Ct to Support the Accuracy of Covid-19 Diagnostic Code on Icd-10." In The 8th International Conference on Public Health 2021. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/icphmanagement.fp.08.2021.17.
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Putrianda, Tiara Nadya, Yanti Harjono, and Tuty Rizkianti. "The Relationship between Completeness of Medical Record Information and Accuracy of The Main Diagnostic Code with Health Social Security Administration Claim Approval." In The 8th International Conference on Public Health 2021. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/icphmanagement.fp.08.2021.03.
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Herzog, Patricia Snell. "Cracking the Code of Geo-Identifiers: Harnessing Data-Based Decision-Making for the Public Good." In CARMA 2022 - 4th International Conference on Advanced Research Methods and Analytics. valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carma2022.2022.15100.
Abstract:
The accessibility of official statistics to non-expert users could be aided by employing natural language processing and deep learning models to dataset lexicons. Specifically, the semantic structure of FIPS codes would offer a relatively standardized data dictionary of column names and string variable structure to identify: two-digits for states, followed by three-digits for counties. The technical, methodological contribution of this paper is a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications based on FIPS code analysis indicated that between 27,954 and 1,970,000 publications attend to this geo-identifier. Within a single dataset reporting national representative and longitudinal survey data, 141 publications utilize FIPS data. The high incidence shows the research impact. Yet, the low proportion of only 2.0 percent of all publications utilizing this dataset also shows a gap even among expert users. A data use case drawn from public health data implies that cracking the code of geo-identifiers could advance access by helping everyday users formulate data inquiries within intuitive language.
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Smrčková, Gabriela. "Vývoj obranných prostředků proti nařízení izolace nebo karanténního opatření v rámci epidemie onemocnění COVID-19." In Naděje právní vědy 2022. University of West Bohemia, Czech Republic, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/zcu.nadeje.2022.630-640.
Abstract:
Public health protection authorities are authorized to order isolations or quarantine measures for specific persons in accordance with Public Health Protection Act in justified cases. Such a procedure is regulated by The Administrative Code which, especially by those legal provisions relating to the issuing of decisions. On the basis of § 8a of The Pandemic Act, which is lex specialis to the Public Health Protection Act public health protection authorities are eligible to order the isolations or the quarantine measures arising from the disease Covid-19 as well. but in the form of an intervention, not in a form of a legal decision. Moreover § 8a of The Pandemic Act expressly excludes the application of the second and third part of The Administrative Code when ordering the isolations or the quarantine measure. In fact determining this legal form of that activity of the public health protection authorities is crucial for possible subsequent legal protection.
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Oliver, Douglas L. "Legal and Ethical Considerations of Whistleblowing for Engineers." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79557.
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According to the ethical codes of many engineering professional societies, engineers have an ethical duty to the public. For example, the ASME Code of Ethics states that engineers “shall hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the public.” Licensed engineers (PE’s) have additional legal duties to the public imposed by state licensing agencies. Engineering regulations and ethics codes have been interpreted by many to include the duty to report illegal or unsafe conditions to governmental authorities. This paper investigates whistleblowing as it relates to engineers. This troublesome topic is investigated considering the ethical, legal, and practical implications for engineers who blow the whistle.
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Lewis, Donald W. "U.S. Commercial Spent Fuel Storage Facilities: Public Health and Environmental Considerations." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-5004.
Abstract:
U. S. commercial reactor plants are installing spent fuel storage facilities formally called Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installations (ISFSI) to provide needed storage space for spent nuclear fuel assemblies. Although this might be a primary objective for the utility that owns the plant, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (U.S. NRC) has other priorities as addressed by ISFSI regulations in Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 72. These regulations establish a number of criteria that ensure that above all, the storage of spent nuclear fuel does not adversely affect the health and safety of the public or the environment. There are 3 primary ISFSI design activities that ensure the health and safety of the public and protection of the environment: site selection, storage system selection, and storage facility design. The regulatory requirements that address ISFSI site selection are found in 10 CFR 72, Subpart E, “Siting Evaluation Factors.” This section requires that potential ISFSI sites be assessed for impacts such as site characteristics that may affect safety or the environment, external natural and man-induced events, radiological and other environmental conditions, floodplains and natural phenomena, man-made facilities and activities that could endanger the ISFSI, and construction, operation, and decommission activities. All of these potential impacts must be carefully evaluated. First, the ISFSI capacity requirements should be determined. Potential sites should then be evaluated for siting impacts to ensure the site has adequate space, it can be licensed, it will minimize radiological doses to the general public and on-site workers, and construction, operation, and decommissioning won’t have a major effect on the environment or nearby population. The regulatory requirements that address storage system selection are found in 10 CFR 72, Subpart F, “General Design Criteria.” This section requires that the storage system be designed to withstand environmental conditions, natural phenomena, fires and explosions and that it includes confinement barriers, retrievability measures, and criticality safety. In order to be licensed by the U. S. NRC, all spent fuel storage systems must be evaluated to show how they meet these requirements. U.S. NRC approval of the system ensures that the requirements have been met and therefore ensure the health and safety of the public and environment are protected. The regulatory requirements that address the ISFSI design are also found in 10 CFR 72, Subpart F as well as 10 CFR 72, Subpart H, “Physical Protection.” Like the storage systems, the ISFSI site must be designed to withstand environmental conditions, natural phenomena, fires, and explosions. But the design must also include security provisions. Security features protect the spent fuel from attack or sabotage and therefore protect the health and safety of the public and the environment. The primary potential impact of spent fuel storage is radiation dose. The key regulatory requirement that addresses radiation dose is found in 10 CFR 72.104. This section requires that the dose to any individual member of the public not exceed 0.25 mSv (25 mrem) to the whole body, 0.75 mSv (75 mrem) to the thyroid, and 0.25 mSv (25 mrem) to any other organ, from exposure to direct radiation from the ISFSI, radioactive liquid or gaseous effluents, and radiation from other nearby nuclear facilities. Design features of the storage system and ISFSI include shielding by the cask enclosure, distance, berms as required, etc. to attenuate direct radiation, and confinement provisions to prevent radiological effluent leakage. The ISFSI must be located such that the cumulative doses from the ISFSI and reactor plant do not exceed regulatory requirements. Thus it can be seen that ISFSI site selection, storage system selection, and storage facility design all work together to ensure the health and safety of the public and environment are protected. Comments regarding the contents of this paper may be submitted to the author, Donald W. Lewis, Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, 9201 E. Dry Creek Road, Centennial, Colorado, 80112, U.S.A.
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Morse, John S., and Stephen A. Batzer. "Prevention Through Design: An Idea Whose Time Has Come." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12148.
Abstract:
Addressing occupational safety and health needs in the design process to prevent or minimize the work-related hazards and risks associated with the construction, manufacture, use, maintenance, and disposal of facilities, materials, and equipment,” is how the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) defines Prevention Through Design (PtD) [1]. This concept is an idea whose time has come, including its extension to products, since product-related injuries also occur outside of the workplace. Using PtD techniques on consumer products will yield significant safety benefits. Besides the desire to provide well designed products, save lives, prevent injuries and avoid lawsuits, engineers have a professional responsibility to promote safety. The fundamental canon of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Code of Ethics states, “Engineers shall hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the public in the performance of their professional duties.” [2] The first fundamental canon of the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) Code of Ethics [3] is virtually identical. Codes and standards alone are usually not a guarantor of safety, as no document can foresee every application and situation. Codes and standards differ widely in their ability to produce a safe product or process simply from adherence to their requirements. Further, many codes and standards do not consider foreseeable or known misuse, which must be considered in PtD. PtD requires hazard evaluation followed by affirmative measures that address hazards and failure modes until an acceptable, likely nonzero, level of risk is reached. Such measures provide safety even when a momentary and foreseeable level of carelessness or inattention occurs.
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Batzer, Stephen A., John S. Morse, and Dong Y. Don Lee. "Understanding Why Codes and Standards Fail." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62037.
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The enduring issues regarding codes and standards for consumer products and corporate behavior are discussed in this paper. It has been frequently asserted that the adherence of a product to a recognized government or private standard ensures that the product has a minimal level of safety, and that said product is therefore presumably non-defective. The agencies which promulgate these codes and standards are ostensibly impartial and informed, and have the public’s best interests in mind. This conviction is undoubtedly true in some instances, but is also unquestionably false in others. The issues regarding codes and standards and their impact upon products and the trusting public include, but are not limited to, asymmetric information, cost concerns, ethics, foreseeable misuses, non-alignment of interests, and technological advancements after the standards were adopted. In short, the adherence to the letter, rather than the spirit, of individual codes and standards is a manifestation of the Principal-Agent conflict, in which the agent, acting on behalf of the principal, has a different set of incentives than does the principal. This conflict and the underlying issues listed above are discussed. Case studies of numerous products with possible, known, and unforeseen adverse impacts upon public health and safety will be used as illustrations of products that were within the letter of the code or standard, but manifestly defective.
Reports on the topic "Public health code":
1
MacFarlance, Jennifer, and David Kack. Transportation Planning and Public Health: To What Extent is Health Considered in Rural Local Transportation Plans? Western Transportation Institute, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/1697666132.
Abstract:
Transportation systems can impact both physical and mental health, but the effects of transportation planning decisions on health, beyond safety and air pollution, are often overlooked or undervalued (Litman, 2013). Although not the only factor contributing to health disparities, transportation systems serve as a modifiable variable contributing to health behaviors and outcomes (Nieuwenhuijsen & Khreis, 2019). Following a similar approach to Singleton and Clifton (2017), a review of transportation planning documents from the ten most populous counties within the state of Montana was conducted to analyze the extent that health was considered. A directed and summative approach was used to identify and code health-related guidance statements, performance measures, and reference data in the domains of general health, safety, air quality, physical activity, accessibility, mental health, and equity. Although all transportation plans contained health-related guidance statements and reference data, only those transportation plans from counties containing a metropolitan planning organization (MPO) included health-related performance measures. The inclusion of health-related guidance statements and reference data is evidence that local Montana communities are interested in the impacts of transportation planning on health behaviors and outcomes. Without the federal requirements that MPOs must follow, rural governments are not utilizing health-related performance measures to fully understand performance of the local transportation system related to their community’s public health priorities. The existing performance management structure required of States and MPOs could serve as a guide for further integrating health-related performance measures into small urban and rural transportation planning and can assist local decision makers in analyzing progress toward community priorities (Singleton & Clifton, 2017).
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Mori, Ipsos. Local Authority Capacity and Capability. Food Standards Agency, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.dvl526.
Abstract:
The FSA has a key role as the central competent authority in overseeing official food and feed controls undertaken by local authorities. This supports the delivery of the FSA’s mission, food you can trust, and helps ensure food is safe and what it says it is. The FSA seeks to work in partnership with local authorities to help them to deliver official food and feed controls. Local Authority (LA) Environmental Health (EH), Port Health and Trading Standards (TS) teams deliver official food and feed controls using a range of interventions as set out in the Food Law Code of Practice (FLCoP) and Feed Law Code of Practice (FeLCoP). They are instrumental to the delivery of the FSA mission, across England, Wales and Northern Ireland to ensure consumer confidence and protect public health. Evidence from professional bodies, LAs and wider sources suggests that LAs are experiencing significant issues around the recruitment and retention of suitably/ appropriately qualified and experienced officers.(footnote 1) The FSA commissioned Ipsos UK to carry out this initial phase of discovery research to understand more about the barriers and facilitators encountered by LAs in England, Wales and Northern Ireland
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Cendales, Boris, Sergio Useche, Viviola Gómez, Leonor Cedillo, Daryl Stephenson, Shirly Yan, and Paul Landsbergis. Mental Health Outcomes among Urban Public Transport Workers: A Systematic Literature Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0076.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: Systematically review the literature to assess the effects of occupational exposures and interventions on Urban Public Transport (UTP) workers’ mental health. Condition being studied: In order to include a wide spectrum of outcomes, mental health was defined according to the WHO (2001) as a “state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community”.
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Doran, Helen, Louise Skowron, Nick Roberts, Avindri Chandraharan, and Charlotte Evans. School Food Standards Compliance Pilot: Discovery and Feasibility Research. Food Standards Agency, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.evh922.
Abstract:
Back to search Last updated: 21 November 2023 View as PDF(Opens in a new window) Print this page Area of research interest: Innovative regulator Project status: Completed Project code: FS431091 Authors: Kantar Public Conducted by: Food Standards Agency, Kantar Public, Department for Education Date published: 21 November 2023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.evh922 (Opens in a new window) The Requirements for School Food Regulations 2014 (Opens in a new window) in England (known as the ‘School Food Standards’), are mandatory for all maintained schools, including academies and free schools. There is little available evidence on how schools implement the School Food Standards. To address this, the Department for Education and the Food Standards Agency with support from the Office of Health Improvement and Disparities commissioned this research to support the School Food Standards Compliance Pilot. The purpose of this pilot was to test if Food Safety Officers could carry out a School Food Standards check to identify potential non-compliance with the School Food Standards alongside food hygiene inspections. The pilot launched in September 2022 across 18 local authorities and the FSA has published two reports on the findings: School Food Standards Compliance Pilot: Discovery Research - this report focuses on the findings of the pre-pilot phase, the ‘Discovery Phase’, that ran from June to August 2022. School Food Standards Compliance Pilot: Feasibility Research - this report focuses on the findings of the second phase of the pilot known as ‘Feasibility Study Phase 1'. Research is currently underway to explore the feasibility of an updated pilot design known as ‘Feasibility Study Phase 2.’ This report will be published in Spring 2024.
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Kelly, Luke. Characteristics of Global Health Diplomacy. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.09.
Abstract:
This rapid review focuses on Global Health Diplomacy and defines it as a method of interaction between the different stakeholders of the public health sector in a bid to promote representation, cooperation, promotion of the right to health and improvement of health systems for vulnerable populations on a global scale. It is the link between health and international relations. GHD has various actors including states, intergovernmental organizations, private companies, public-private partnerships and non-governmental organizations. Foreign policies can be integrated into national health in various ways i.e., designing institutions to govern practices regarding health diplomacy (i.e., health and foreign affairs ministries), creating and promoting norms and ideas that support foreign policy integration and promoting policies that deal with specific issues affecting the different actors in the GHD arena to encourage states to integrate them into their national health strategies. GHD is classified into core diplomacy – where there are bilateral and multilateral negotiations which may lead to binding agreements, multistakeholder diplomacy – where there are multilateral and bilateral negotiations which do not lead to binding agreements and informal diplomacy – which are interactions between other actors in the public health sector i.e., NGOs and Intergovernmental Organizations. The US National Security Strategy of 2010 highlighted the matters to be considered while drafting a health strategy as: the prevalence of the disease, the potential of the state to treat the disease and the value of affected areas. The UK Government Strategy found the drivers of health strategies to be self-interest (protecting security and economic interests of the state), enhancing the UK’s reputation, and focusing on global health to help others. The report views health diplomacy as a field which requires expertise from different disciplines, especially in the field of foreign policy and public health. The lack of diplomatic expertise and health expertise have been cited as barriers to integrating health into foreign policies. States and other actors should collaborate to promote the right to health globally.
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Hassell, James M., Salome A. Bukachi, Dishon M. Muloi, Emi Takahashi, and Lydia Franklinos. The Natural Environment and Health in Africa. World Wildlife Fund and the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/10088/111281.
Abstract:
Much of recent human development has come at the expense of Nature - undermining ecosystems, fragmenting habitats, reducing biodiversity, and increasing our exposure and vulnerability to emerging diseases. For example, as we push deeper into tropical forests, and convert more land to agriculture and human settlements, the rate at which people encounter new pathogens that may trigger the next public health, social and economic crisis, is likely to increase. Expanding and strengthening our understanding of the links between nature and human health is especially important in Africa, where nature brings economic prosperity and wellbeing to more than a billion people. Pandemics such as COVID are just one of a growing number of health challenges that humanity is facing as a result of our one-sided and frequently destructive relationship with nature. This report aims to inform professionals and decision-makers on how health outcomes emerge from human interactions with the natural world and identify how efforts to preserve the natural environment and sustainably manage natural resources could have an impact on human and animal health. While the report focuses on the African continent, it will also be of relevance to other areas of the world facing similar environmental pressures.
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Kataryniuk, Iván, Raquel Lorenzo Alonso, Enrique Martínez Casillas, and Jacopo Timini. An extended Debt Sustainability Analysis framework for Latin American economies. Madrid: Banco de España, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/36539.
Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic marked a watershed for public finances in Latin America and around the world. Fiscal measures adopted in 2020 to cope with the health emergency were substantial and affected debt dynamics. While the situation partially reverted in the following years, public debt is still higher than its recent historical average for most countries in the region. In this context, the sustainability of public debt dynamics has taken on renewed importance. In this paper, we extend a standard Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) framework that considers significant features of Latin American economies – such as the existence of foreign currency denominated debt – by introducing an economic model that jointly determines future values of key macroeconomic variables. We then compute different scenarios for Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, illustrating how fiscal and structural policy changes affect the dynamics of public debt.
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Revill, James, Rebecca Katz, Elena Fasoli, Einas Mohammed, Himayu Shiotani, and Jens Hillebrand Pohl. Tools for Compliance and Enforcement from Beyond WMD regimes. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/wmd/21/wmdce10.
Abstract:
In seeking fresh ideas for twenty-first century WMD arms control and disarmament, there is value in looking at other regimes for tools and approaches that could be adapted and developed to enhance compliance and enforcement in contemporary WMD-related regimes. To this end, this report comprises a series of short essays that outline tools for treaty compliance or enforcement from regimes dealing with the environment, public health, small arms, international trade, and core international crimes.
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Hood, Sula, Brittany Campbell, and Katie Baker. Culturally Informed Community Engagement: Implications for Inclusive Science and Health Equity. RTI Press, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2023.op.0083.2301.
Abstract:
Public health efforts seeking to reduce disparities and promote equity must be inclusive to reach their full potential. Interventions, programs, and initiatives designed to promote health equity among Communities of Color must be culturally informed. Communities and the cultural values and practices that shape them are closely intertwined, creating opportunities for a more intentional approach to community engagement. Yosso’s framework of Community Cultural Wealth (CCW) emphasizes six forms of capital that People and Communities of Color use to thrive and succeed: social, navigational, linguistic, familial, resistant, and aspirational. We anchor our approach—culturally informed community engagement—in the core tenets of CCW. This paper discusses CCW and its applicability and utility for facilitating culturally informed community engagement in health research. In our approach, asset-based frameworks intersect with community engagement, CCW, and principles of health equity. We discuss how applying CCW to conducting community-engaged research promotes health equity, inclusive science, and authentic relationships with community partners. Lastly, we provide applied examples of community-engaged interventions that leverage cultural assets in Communities of Color to reduce disparities and promote health equity.
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Smith, Paul N., David R. J. Gill, Michael J. McAuliffe, Catherine McDougall, James D. Stoney, Christopher J. Vertullo, Christopher J. Wall, et al. Analysis of State and Territory Health Data: Supplementary Report. Australian Orthopaedic Association, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25310/ixwe4642.
Abstract:
Data presented in this report are for both the public and private hospital sector and have been obtained from State and Territory Health Departments for specific ICD-10-AM codes relating to hip, knee, shoulder, elbow, wrist, ankle and spinal disc replacement. Data for each state are presented individually with the exception of data for the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and Northern Territory (NT) which have been combined. Wrist replacement procedures for South Australia (SA) and Western Australia (WA) have also been combined due to small numbers. This report provides information on joint replacement for the financial year 1 July 2021 to 30 June 2022. It also includes long term data from as early as 1994/95 which provides a national perspective on the changing rates of hip and knee replacement since that time. This Report is one of 16 supplementary reports to complete the AOANJRR Annual Report for 2023. Information on the background, purpose, aims, benefits and governance of the Registry can be found in the Introductory chapter of the 2023 Hip, Knee and Shoulder Arthroplasty Annual Report. The Registry data quality processes including data collection, validation and outcomes assessment, are provided in detail in the Data Quality section of the introductory chapter of the 2023 Hip, Knee and Shoulder Arthroplasty Annual Report: https://aoanjrr.sahmri.com/annual-reports-2023.