Academic literature on the topic 'Public broadcasting – Canada'

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Journal articles on the topic "Public broadcasting – Canada"

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Attallah, Paul. "Public Broadcasting in Canada." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 62, no. 3-4 (July 2000): 177–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0016549200062003002.

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Boardman, Anthony E., and Aidan R. Vining. "Public Service Broadcasting in Canada." Journal of Media Economics 9, no. 1 (January 1996): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327736me0901_5.

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MacLennan, Anne Frances. "Private Broadcasting and the Path to Radio Broadcasting Policy in Canada." Media and Communication 6, no. 1 (February 9, 2018): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i1.1219.

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The largely unregulated early years of Canadian radio were vital to development of broadcasting policy. The Report of the Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting in 1929 and American broadcasting both changed the direction of Canadian broadcasting, but were mitigated by the early, largely unregulated years. Broadcasters operated initially as small, independent, and local broadcasters, then, national networks developed in stages during the 1920s and 1930s. The late adoption of radio broadcasting policy to build a national network in Canada allowed other practices to take root in the wake of other examples, in particular, American commercial broadcasting. By 1929 when the Aird Report recommended a national network, the potential impact of the report was shaped by the path of early broadcasting and the shifts forced on Canada by American broadcasting and policy. Eventually Canada forged its own course that pulled in both directions, permitting both private commercial networks and public national networks.
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Mowbray, Mike, and Wade Rowland. "Dialogue on Public Broadcasting in Canada: An Interview with Wade Rowland." Stream: Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication 6, no. 1 (July 12, 2014): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21810/strm.v6i1.82.

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In framing the call-for-papers that kicked off this special issue, we asked potential contributors “what considerations might guide our attention as we think through public media as a socially central symbolic space that ought to be returned to the public interest? How might we come to re-inhabit public institutions?” Further to this, we queried possible contributors about the role and potentials of public broadcasting (notably the CBC) in a changing mediascape, and the possibilities for public media – not limited to the specific domains of established public broadcasters such as the CBC and the provincial educational networks, but rather appealing to an open interpretation of the term – that might be prefigured or imagined at present. As outlined in the introduction to this issue, the written pieces that arose from this line of questioning are varied and vital in their contributions. To place this exercise in context, it is important to note that this special issue of Stream was conceived and produced in conjunction with a public event held at the Wosk Centre for Dialogue at Simon Fraser University on February 6th, 2014 under the title ‘Occupy Public Broadcasting: Alt. Futures for the CBC’. That evening’s discussion brought together an eclectic panel and participating audience of media scholars, practitioners, activists, and concerned community members in dialogue and debate over the relative merits, limitations, and – most importantly – the future prospects for the CBC, other public broadcasters, and public media beyond this (circumscribed) context.
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Field, Russell. "The Public Sportscaster: Docudrama, National Memory, and Sport History." Journal of Sport History 41, no. 2 (July 1, 2014): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jsporthistory.41.2.241.

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Abstract Due in large measure to its iconic Hockey Night in Canada telecasts, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) is known nationally for its interest in sport. The network has also sponsored its own sport-themed dramatic and documentary productions. Examining filmic representations of the history of hockey, this paper considers the 2006 CBC docudramatic production Canada Russia ’72. This paper explores the use of the docudrama form for telling historical sport stories while examining the role of Canada’s public broadcaster in producing sport films and promulgating national mythologiess.
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Lesage, Frederik. "The Technological Imagination of Public Media." Stream: Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication 6, no. 1 (July 12, 2014): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21810/strm.v6i1.84.

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Although it has been nearly four decades since Raymond Williams’ book Television: technology and cultural form (Williams, 2003/1975) was first published, I find it helpful to return to this seminal work with a view of reflecting on the future of public media in Canada. Television is often remembered for Williams’ critique of technological determinism in Marshall McLuhan’s theory of media. But the book should also be remembered for a number of other significant contributions, including the prescient chapter titled “Alternative technology, alternative uses?” in which Williams examined some of the innovations in broadcasting technologies being developed at the time. For Williams, these innovations represented at once a risk and an opportunity. The risk was that people in the United States and the United Kingdom who were in a position to shape the implementation of these innovations would remain complacent, allowing their deployment to be ‘sorted out as we go’ (Williams, 2003/1975, p. 140). The opportunity was that changes to broadcasting infrastructure could afford people the chance to address structural inequities and imagine alternative uses. Williams believed that the early stages in implementing new technological innovations represented an opportune moment for putting in place alternative organizational and policy arrangements for television broadcasting.
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Cryle, Denis. "The Press and Public Service Broadcasting: Neville Petersen's News Not Views and the Case for Australian Exceptionalism." Media International Australia 151, no. 1 (May 2014): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1415100108.

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This article revisits historical rivalries between established and emerging media, namely the press and broadcasting, during the first half of the twentieth century. To this end, the author constructs a dialogue between Neville Petersen's broadcasting research and his own press research over a similar period. In his major work, News Not Views: The ABC, Press and Politics (1932–1947), Petersen (1993) elaborates in detail the ongoing constraints imposed by Australian newspaper proprietors on the fledgling Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) in their ultimately unsuccessful struggle to restrict its news supply and influence. Drawing on subsequent press research based on international forums, the author revisits this rivalry, particularly Petersen's thesis that Australian press proprietors exercised disproportionate influence over the national broadcaster when compared with other English-speaking countries, such as Britain and Canada.
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Raboy, M. "Lack of bucks riles Canucks: public broadcasting taking the heat in Canada." Screen 32, no. 4 (December 1, 1991): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/screen/32.4.429.

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Hayday, Matthew. "Brought To You by the Letters C, R, T, and C: Sesame Street and Canadian Nationalism." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 27, no. 1 (July 18, 2017): 95–137. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040526ar.

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The wildly popular educational program Sesame Street arrived in Canada during a key transitional period for Canadian broadcasting policy in the early 1970s. An American-made program, it was threatened with cancellation by stations seeking to meet their Canadian content (CanCon) quotas with the least possible financial cost. A heated debate that included public protests and lobbying ensued, involving the Canadian Radio-Television Commission (CRTC), the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), the media, parliamentarians, parents and even children. Each group advanced their particular interests regarding the issue of Canadianizing television. Ultimately, the CBC provided a compromise solution with the Canadianization of Sesame Street, whereby a portion of the program’s segments would be replaced by Canadian-made material that aimed to provide messages about Canada for young children. This tumultuous debate and its ultimate solution reveal the ambivalent attitudes held by Canadians, private broadcasters, and even the CBC about both the CRTC’s Canadianization policies and the quantitative approaches used to meet its objectives. It also demonstrates the roles that activist groups and more established interests such as broadcasters have played in shaping Canadian broadcasting policy.
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Creech, Kenneth C. "Book Review: Canada Lives Here: The Case for Public Broadcasting, by Wade Rowland." Journalism & Mass Communication Educator 71, no. 3 (September 2016): 375–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077695816637505.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Public broadcasting – Canada"

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Raboy, Marc 1948. "Broadcasting and the idea of the public : learning from the Canadian experience." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=76908.

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Henderson, Jane. "Decade of denial : the CRTC, the public interest, and pay television, 1972-1982." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59394.

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The ten year debate over the introduction of pay television in Canada is addressed using the concept of external signals to examine the interactions between the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) and the players in the regulatory environment.
A critique of the notions of "public interest" and of regulatory "capture" precedes the analysis. An historical overview establishes the key issues shaping the nature of the CRTC as a signal-sending and signal-receiving institution.
The evidence demonstrates that the CRTC was not a passive receptor of external signals, but actively shaped and directed or deflected incoming signals according to its own public priorities. The conclusion holds that the traditional capture model does adequately describe the CRTC's behaviour as it attempted to manage the complex political and technological forces surrounding the pay television issue.
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Schwartz, Mallory. "War on the Air: CBC-TV and Canada’s Military, 1952-1992." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30345.

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From the earliest days of English-language Canadian Broadcasting Corporation television (CBC-TV), the military has been regularly featured on the news, public affairs, documentary, and drama programs. Little has been done to study these programs, despite calls for more research and many decades of work on the methods for the historical analysis of television. In addressing this gap, this thesis explores: how media representations of the military on CBC-TV (commemorative, history, public affairs and news programs) changed over time; what accounted for those changes; what they revealed about CBC-TV; and what they suggested about the way the military and its relationship with CBC-TV evolved. Through a material culture analysis of 245 programs/series about the Canadian military, veterans and defence issues that aired on CBC-TV over a 40-year period, beginning with its establishment in 1952, this thesis argues that the conditions surrounding each production were affected by a variety of factors, namely: (1) technology; (2) foreign broadcasters; (3) foreign sources of news; (4) the influence of the military and its veterans; (5) audience response; (6) the role played by personalities involved in the production of CBC-TV programs; (7) policies/objectives/regulations set by the CBC, the Board of Broadcast Governors and the Canadian Radio-Television Commission (later, Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission); (8) ambitions for program development and the changing objectives of departments within the CBC; (9) economic constraints at the CBC; (10) CBC-TV’s relations with the other producers of Canadian television programming, like the NFB; and, (11) broader changes to the Canadian social, economic, political and cultural scenes, along with shifts in historiography. At different times, certain of these conditions were more important than others, the unique combination of which had unpredictable results for programming. The thesis traces these changes chronologically, explaining CBC-TV’s evolution from transmitting largely uncritical and often positive programming in the early 1950s, to obsession with the horrors of war and questioning of the military’s preparedness by decade’s end, to new debate about the future of the forces and the memory of war in the 1960s, to a complex mixture of activism, criticism and praise in the 1970s and 1980s, and, finally, to controversy and iconoclasm by the 1990s.
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Vormann, Thorsten. "Cultural sovereignty and broadcasting - Canadian content rules." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60632.

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Abstract Not Available.
... current Canadian content regulation can hardly be seen as a success. Therefore, l will examine the existing policy with its basic assumptions and consequences. After illustrating the shortcomings of the present regulatory regime, l will provide a survey of various proposed alternatives. Finally, l will introduce my own proposal and address the different objectives of broadcasting policy in a more comprehensive and cohesive way.
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Beckhoff, Bernard. "Television town hall meetings, publicity and democratic deliberation in the public sphere : a case study of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's 1996, Town Hall with the Prime Minister." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0013/MQ52511.pdf.

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Davies, Llewellyn Willis. "‘LOOK’ AND LOOK BACK: Using an auto/biographical lens to study the Australian documentary film industry, 1970 - 2010." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/154339.

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While much has been written on the Australian film and television industry, little has been presented by actual producers, filmmakers and technicians of their time and experiences within that same industry. Similarly, with historical documentaries, it has been academics rather than filmmakers who have led the debate. This thesis addresses this shortcoming and bridges the gap between practitioner experience and intellectual discussion, synthesising the debate and providing an important contribution from a filmmaker-academic, in its own way unique and insightful. The thesis is presented in two voices. First, my voice, the voice of memoir and recollected experience of my screen adventures over 38 years within the Australian industry, mainly producing historical documentaries for the ABC and the SBS. This is represented in italics. The second half and the alternate chapters provide the industry framework in which I worked with particular emphasis on documentaries and how this evolved and developed over a 40-year period, from 1970 to 2010. Within these two voices are three layers against which this history is reviewed and presented. Forming the base of the pyramid is the broad Australian film industry made up of feature films, documentary, television drama, animation and other types and styles of production. Above this is the genre documentary within this broad industry, and making up the small top tip of the pyramid, the sub-genre of historical documentary. These form the vertical structure within which industry issues are discussed. Threading through it are the duel determinants of production: ‘the market’ and ‘funding’. Underpinning the industry is the involvement of government, both state and federal, forming the three dimensional matrix for the thesis. For over 100 years the Australian film industry has depended on government support through subsidy, funding mechanisms, development assistance, broadcast policy and legislative provisions. This thesis aims to weave together these industry layers, binding them with the determinants of the market and funding, and immersing them beneath layers of government legislation and policy to present a new view of the Australian film industry.
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Arafeh, Sousan. "Policy provisions for public access to television : democratic and educational implications in Canada and the United States." Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1947.

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This thesis examines broadcast policies and policy documents in Canada and the United States to determine whether and to what degree they make provision for the public's access to television. Government policies and policy documents are examined at the federal and local level, and a case study of two cable systems, one in Vancouver, B.C. the other in Seattle, Washington, supplies empirical data to corroborate how policy provisions for public access to television are interpreted and implemented. A neo-Gramscian concept of ideological hegemony broadly frames this study of the impact of public policy, specifically broadcast policy, on social structure and behaviour. Because a very small portion of the general population have access to television production and programming, they dominate the television discourse. Research that documents television’s pervasive stereotypic and derogatory treatment of women and “racial"/ethnic "minorities" as well as its perceived effect of contributing to the social and economic subordination of these populations in North American society is used as a basis for this study. This thesis argues that broadening the body of people who have access to the television production and programming process might encourage more accurate, positive and/or relevant television images and relations with positive social consequences. On one level, this is a matter of having broadcast policies which ensure such broadened access. Canada and the United States each have policy provisions for the general public's access to television which are based on notions of civic democratic participation in society. Analysis and comparison of these policies results in the conclusion that although both countries provide access to the public through policy, many of these provisions limit access in four areas: access to production, access to distribution, access to input, and access to viewing. Because television access policies limit the public's access increasingly, the broadening of the access base is impeded along with the challenge to the current structure, message and function of television. On this account, traditional agendas and images continue to dominate the airwaves and their educational power. Further study should be undertaken on: 1) the effects of television, 2) the public's use of community television/public access television, 3) the effects of community channels on viewers and whether they are different than the effects of broadcast television and 4) the effects of broadcast policy on the structure and function of television.
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Klass, Benjamin. "Mobile wireless in Canada: policy, problems, and progress." 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30704.

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The topic of this thesis is the institutional ecology surrounding mobile wireless telecommunication services in Canada. The primary focus is the disconnect between policy pronouncements promoting universal adoption of mobile services, on the one hand, and the fact that mobile adoption remains stubbornly low in both absolute terms and by international comparison. Key concepts in the theory of communication regulation and the historical development of telecommunication policy are laid out, which are used to inform an examination of the development of national mobile communication policy since the 1980s. The thesis then presents two case studies. The first is focused on recent developments in federal mobile policy, directed toward taking greater steps to ensure broad adoption of mobile services. The second examines the changing role of mobile services, from instruments of interpersonal communication to a broader form of information media, and the challenges that this shift has created for policymakers.
October 2015
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Skinner, David. "Canadian public broadcasting : discourse of subordination." Thesis, 1988. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/2663/1/ML44857.pdf.

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Sawicka, Magdalena. "Miejsce i rola Canadian Broadcasting Corporation w kanadyjskim systemie medialnym." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/1468.

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Najważniejszymi wyzwaniami stojącymi dziś przed nadawcami publicznymi są problemy efektywnego finansowania, rozproszenie odbiorców i szybki postęp technologiczny, zwłaszcza w obszarze dystrybucji przekazu. W tym kontekście warto przedstawić rolę pełnioną przez kanadyjskiego nadawcę publicznego – Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) na rodzimym rynku telewizyjnym, z uwzględnieniem historycznego i bieżącego otoczenia medialnego, gospodarczego i prawnego w jakim powstał i działa. Przykład CBC jest unikalny ze względu na to, że misją tego nadawcy jest realizowanie „celu narodowego”, zaś istnienie korporacji stanowi, od chwili jej powstania, istotny warunek wszechstronnego zachowania tożsamości narodowej Kanady.
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Books on the topic "Public broadcasting – Canada"

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Ignatieff, Michael. The future of public broadcasting in Canada. [Toronto]: Master and Fellows of Massey College, 1995.

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Canada lives here: The case for public broadcasting. Westmount, QC: Linda Leith Publishing, 2015.

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Docherty, David. Under the volcano: Public service broadcasting in Canada. London: Broadcasting Research Unit, 1986.

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Ici était Radio-Canada. Montréal, Québec: Boréal, 2014.

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Canada. Public Archives of Canada. Guide to CBC sources at the Public Archives. Ottawa: Public Archives of Canada, 1987.

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Downie, Peter. Fresh air: The private thoughts of a public broadcaster. Kelowna, B.C: Northstone Pub., 1997.

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Canada, Public Archives. Guide to CBC sources at the Public Archives. [Ottawa]: Public Archives Canada, 1987.

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Canada, Public Archives of. Guide to CBC sources at the Public Archives. [Ottawa]: The Archives, 1987.

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1943-, Schellenberger Gary, ed. CBC/Radio-Canada: Defining distinctiveness in the changing media landscape : report of the Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. [Ottawa]: Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage, 2008.

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Fade to black: A requiem for the CBC. Vancouver, B.C: Douglas & McIntyre, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Public broadcasting – Canada"

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Taylor, Gregory. "Canada: Transparency and Control at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation." In Transparency and Funding of Public Service Media – Die deutsche Debatte im internationalen Kontext, 159–69. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17997-7_13.

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Roth, Lorna. "(re)Coloring the Public Broadcasting System in Canada: A Case Study of the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network." In The Power of Global Community Media, 31–41. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-01625-6_3.

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Roth, Lorna. "(re)Coloring the Public Broadcasting System in Canada: A Case Study of the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network." In Community Media, 31–41. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230604872_3.

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Cunningham, Stuart, and Oliver Eklund. "State Actor Policy and Regulation Across the Platform-SVOD Divide." In Palgrave Global Media Policy and Business, 191–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95220-4_10.

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AbstractThere are rapidly growing concerns worldwide about the impact of content aggregation and distribution through digital platforms on traditional media industries and society in general. These have given rise to policy and regulation across the social pillar, including issues of privacy, moderation, and cyberbullying; the public interest/infosphere pillar, with issues such as fake news, the democratic deficit, and the crisis in journalism; and the competition pillar, involving issues based on platform dominance in advertising markets. The cultural pillar, involving the impact of SVODs on the ability of content regulation to support local production capacity, is often bracketed out of these debates. We argue this divide is increasingly untenable due to the convergent complexities of contemporary media and communications policy and regulation. We pursue this argument by offering three issues that bring policy and regulation together across the platform-SVOD divide: digital and global players have been beyond the reach of established broadcasting regulation; the nature of the Silicon Valley playbook for disrupting media markets; and platforms and SVODs now need not only to be aggregators but also contributors to local cultures. We draw on three examples: the European Union, Canada and Australia.
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Asquith, Kyle. "5 Publicly Funded, Then Locked Away: The Work of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation." In Dynamic Fair Dealing, 90–99. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442665613-006.

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"7. Public Broadcasting." In Broadcasting Policy in Canada, Second Edition, 117–32. University of Toronto Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442621930-010.

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"Televised Sport and Cultural Citizenship in Canada: The “Two Solitudes” of Canadian Public Broadcasting?" In Sport, Public Broadcasting, and Cultural Citizenship, 64–89. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203758397-11.

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Prang, Margaret. "The Origins of Public Broadcasting in Canada (1965)." In The Contested Past, edited by Marlene Shore. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442680906-035.

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"FIVE. Chilled to the Bone: The Crisis of Public Broadcasting." In Power and Betrayal in the Canadian Media, 117–40. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442602878-007.

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Potter, Simon J. "3. Britishness, The BBC, and the Birth of Canadian Public Broadcasting, 1928–1936." In Communicating in Canada's Past, edited by Gene Allen and Daniel Robinson. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442697355-006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Public broadcasting – Canada"

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Schneider, Jerry, Jeffrey Wagner, and Judy Connell. "Restoring Public Trust While Tearing Down Site in Rural Ohio." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7319.

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In the mid-1980s, the impact of three decades of uranium processing near rural Fernald, Ohio, 18 miles northwest of Cincinnati, became the centre of national public controversy. When a series of incidents at the uranium foundry brought to light the years of contamination to the environment and surrounding farmland communities, local citizens’ groups united and demanded a role in determining the plans for cleaning up the site. One citizens’ group, Fernald Residents for Environmental Safety and Health (FRESH), formed in 1984 following reports that nearly 300 pounds of enriched uranium oxide had been released from a dust-collector system, and three off-property wells south of the site were contaminated with uranium. For 22 years, FRESH monitored activities at Fernald and participated in the decision-making process with management and regulators. The job of FRESH ended on 19 January this year when the U.S. Secretary of Energy Samuel Bodman and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Stephen Johnson — flanked by local, state, and national elected officials, and citizen-led environmental watchdog groups including FRESH — officially declared the Fernald Site clean of all nuclear contamination and open to public access. It marked the end of a remarkable turnaround in public confidence and trust that had attracted critical reports from around the world: the Cincinnati Enquirer; U.S. national news programs 60 Minutes, 20/20, Nightline, and 48 Hours; worldwide media outlets from the British Broadcasting Company and Canadian Broadcasting Company; Japanese newspapers; and German reporters. When personnel from Fluor arrived in 1992, the management team thought it understood the issues and concerns of each stakeholder group, and was determined to implement the decommissioning scope of work aggressively, confident that stakeholders would agree with its plans. This approach resulted in strained relationships with opinion leaders during the early months of Fluor’s contract. To forge better relationships, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) who owns the site, and Fluor embarked on three new strategies based on engaging citizens and interested stakeholder groups in the decision-making process. The first strategy was opening communication channels with site leadership, technical staff, and regulators. This strategy combined a strong public-information program with two-way communications between management and the community, soliciting and encouraging stakeholder participation early in the decision-making process. Fluor’s public-participation strategy exceeded the “check-the-box” approach common within the nuclear-weapons complex, and set a national standard that stands alone today. The second stakeholder-engagement strategy sprang from mending fences with the regulators and the community. The approach for dispositioning low-level waste was a 25-year plan to ship it off the site. Working with stakeholders, DOE and Fluor were able to convince the community to accept a plan to safely store waste permanently on site, which would save 15 years of cleanup and millions of dollars in cost. The third strategy addressed the potentially long delays in finalizing remedial action plans due to formal public comment periods and State and Federal regulatory approvals. Working closely with the U.S. and Ohio Environmental Protection Agencies (EPA) and other stakeholders, DOE and Fluor were able to secure approvals of five Records of Decision on time – a first for the DOE complex. Developing open and honest relationships with union leaders, the workforce, regulators and community groups played a major role in DOE and Fluor cleaning up and closing the site. Using lessons learned at Fernald, DOE was able to resolve challenges at other sites, including worker transition, labour disputes, and damaged relationships with regulators and the community. It took significant time early in the project to convince the workforce that their future lay in cleanup, not in holding out hope for production to resume. It took more time to repair relationships with Ohio regulators and the local community. Developing these relationships over the years required constant, open communications between site decision makers and stakeholders to identify issues and to overcome potential barriers. Fluor’s open public-participation strategy resulted in stakeholder consensus of five remedial-action plans that directed Fernald cleanup. This strategy included establishing a public-participation program that emphasized a shared-decision making process and abandoned the government’s traditional, non-participatory “Decide, Announce, Defend” approach. Fernald’s program became a model within the DOE complex for effective public participation. Fluor led the formation of the first DOE site-specific advisory board dedicated to remediation and closure. The board was successful at building consensus on critical issues affecting long-term site remediation, such as cleanup levels, waste disposal and final land use. Fluor created innovative public outreach tools, such as “Cleanopoly,” based on the Monopoly game, to help illustrate complex concepts, including risk levels, remediation techniques, and associated costs. These innovative tools helped DOE and Fluor gain stakeholder consensus on all cleanup plans. To commemorate the outstanding commitment of Fernald stakeholders to this massive environmental-restoration project, Fluor donated $20,000 to build the Weapons to Wetlands Grove overlooking the former 136-acre production area. The grove contains 24 trees, each dedicated to “[a] leader(s) behind the Fernald cleanup.” Over the years, Fluor, through the Fluor Foundation, also invested in educational and humanitarian projects, contributing nearly $2 million to communities in southwestern Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana. Further, to help offset the economic impact of the site’s closing to the community, DOE and Fluor promoted economic development in the region by donating excess equipment and property to local schools and townships. This paper discusses the details of the public-involvement program — from inception through maturity — and presents some lessons learned that can be applied to other similar projects.
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