Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pt layer

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Pt layer'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Pt layer"

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Yoo, H. K., B. S. Kang, and S. B. Lee. "Forming time of conducting channels in double-layer Pt/Ta2O5/TaOx/Pt and single-layer Pt/TaOx/Pt resistance memories." Thin Solid Films 540 (July 2013): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2013.06.032.

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Cao, Yuyuan, Qitao Di, Lin Zhu, Aidong Li, and Di Wu. "Resistive Switching Characteristics in TiO2/LaAlO3Heterostructures Sandwiched in Pt Electrodes." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/470107.

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TiO2/LaAlO3(TiO2/LAO) heterostructures have been deposited on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Resistive switching characteristics of Pt/TiO2/LAO/Pt have been studied and discussed in comparison with those of Pt/TiO2/Pt. It is observed that the switching uniformity and the ON/OFF resistance ratio can be greatly improved by introducing the LAO layer. The observed resistive switching characteristics are discussed as a function of LAO thickness and explained by the preferential formation and rupture of conductive filaments, composed of oxygen vacancies, in the LAO layer.
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Wang, Da Zhi, Wen Zha, Xiao Hu Zhu, Yang Li, Jun Sheng Liang, Tong Qun Ren, Yi Luo, Xiao Dong Wang, and Chong Liu. "Electrohydrodynamic Atomization Deposition of Fuel Cell Catalyst-Coated Membrane with Structure and Material Gradient Variation." Key Engineering Materials 645-646 (May 2015): 1156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.645-646.1156.

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A catalyst-coated membrane (CCM) with structure and material gradient variation was deposited layer-by-layer (LbL) using electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) deposition. This CCM contained 7 layers which is C cathode diffusion layer, Pt/C-C cathode transition layer, Pt/C cathode catalyst layer, Nafion membrane, Pt-Ru/C anode catalyst layer, Pt-Ru/C-C anode transition layer and C anode diffusion layer. The cathode and anode side were named as cathode and anode catalyst-diffusion layers, respectively. It was observed that the cathode and anode catalyst-diffusion layers presented the dendritic structure. Within the cathode and anode catalyst-diffusion layers, the Pt/C-C and Pt-Ru/C-C transition layer was more porous compared to the C layer, Pt/C layer and Pt-Ru/C layer. It was also shown that the EHDA LbL deposited CCM still presented close-packed structure after life test.
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Leon Yu, Tzyy-Lung, Hsiu-Li Lin, Po-Hao Su, and Guan-Wen Wang. "Structures of Membrane Electrode Assembly Catalyst Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 5, no. 1 (July 10, 2012): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876973x01205010028.

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In this paper, we modify the conventional 5-layer membrane electrode assembly (MEA, in which a proton exchange membrane (PEM) is located at its center, two Pt-C-40 (Pt on carbon powder support, Pt content 40 wt.%) catalyst layers (CLs) are located on the surfaces of the both sides of the PEM and two gas diffusion layers (GDLs) are attached next on the outer surfaces of two Pt-C-40 layers) and propose 7-layer and 9-layer MEAs by coating thin Pt-black CLs at the interfaces between the Pt-C-40 layer and the GDL and between the PEM and the Pt-C-40 layer and reducing the Pt-C-40 loading. The reduced Pt loading quantity of the Pt-C-40 layer is equal to the increased Pt loading quantity of the Pt-black layer, thus the total amount of Pt loadings in the unmodified conventional MEA and the modified MEAs are at a fixed Pt loading quantity. These modified MEAs may complicate the manufacture process. The main advantage of these 7- and 9-layer MEAs is the thinner CL thickness and thus lower CL proton transport resistance. Because of the thin Pt-black layer thickness in MEA, we avoid agglomeration of the Pt-black particles and maintain high Pt catalytic activity. We show these new CL structure MEAs have better fuel cells performance than the conventional 5-layer MEA.
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Matsumoto, Taketoshi, Chih-Sung Ho, Matthias Batzill, and Bruce E. Koel. "Formation of Ge−Pt Layer Compound on Pt(100)." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 113, no. 50 (November 20, 2009): 21019–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp908532e.

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HE, Y., X. M. LI, X. D. GAO, X. LENG, and W. WANG. "ENHANCED ELECTROCALORIC PROPERTIES OF PMN-PT THIN FILMS WITH LSCO BUFFER LAYERS." Functional Materials Letters 04, no. 01 (March 2011): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604711001634.

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Lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) ferroelectric thin films were deposited on Ir/SrTiO3/TiN/Si (001) substrates by oxygen plasma assisted pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. Effects of the lanthanum strontium cobaltite (LSCO) buffer layer between the PMN-PT film and the Ir layer on the crystallinity, microstructure, ferroelectric properties and electrocaloric effect of the film were investigated. Results show that the LSCO buffer layer can improve the crystallinity and electrocaloric properties effectively. By applying a voltage of 5V to the PMN-PT thin film without the LSCO buffer layer, the changes in the reversible adiabatic temperature measured at room temperature and at 508 K are respectively 0.73 K and 2.13 K, while by introducing a LSCO buffer layer, the corresponding values are increased to 1.41 K and 4.25 K.
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Иванов, Дмитрий Викторович, Виталий Александрович Анофриев, Владимир Александрович Кошелев, Александр Сергеевич Антонов, Сергей Александрович Васильев, and Николай Юрьевич Сдобняков. "SIMULATION OF LAYER BY LAYER GROWTH OF FRACTAL METAL Pt-Rh FILMS." Physical and Chemical Aspects of the Study of Clusters, Nanostructures and Nanomaterials, no. 13 (December 23, 2021): 682–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/pcascnn/2021.13.682.

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В данной работе методом молекулярной динамики с использованием потенциала сильной связи проведено моделирование процесса молекулярно-лучевой эпитаксии с целью определения закономерностей при формировании фрактальных металлических пленок платины на поверхности родия. Установлена возможность формирования фрактальных структур как в островковых пленках платины на поверхности родия, так и в сплошной пленке. Установлены параметры компьютерного эксперимента, определяющие переход от отдельных островковых пленок к сплошной пленке в указанной системе. С использованием различных программных продуктов Gwyddion и Image Analysis, а также собственной разработки FractalSurface проанализирован диапазон изменения фрактальной размерности при различных условиях молекулярно-динамического эксперимента методом подсчета кубов. Полученные значения фрактальной размерности в целом находятся в приемлемом согласии между собой, однако существует ряд исключений, которые обсуждаются более подробно. Сравнительный анализ получаемых результатов позволяет формулировать рекомендации для методики создания, корректировки и прецизионного контроля при «выращивании» структур с заданной морфологией поверхности. In this work, the molecular dynamics method and the tight-binding potential are used to simulate the process of molecular beam epitaxy in order to determine the regularities in the formation of fractal platinum metal films on the rhodium surface. The possibility of formation of fractal structures both in island platinum films on the rhodium surface and in a continuous film has been established. The parameters of the computer experiment, which determine the transition from individual island films to a continuous film in the indicated system, have been established. Using various software products Gwyddion and Image Analysis, as well as our own software FractalSurface, the range of changes in the fractal dimension has been analyzed under various conditions of a molecular dynamics experiment by the method of cube counting. The obtained values of the fractal dimension are generally in acceptable agreement with each other; however, there is a number of exceptions, which are discussed in more detail. A comparative analysis of the results obtained allows one to formulate recommendations for the methodology for creating, adjusting and precision control when «growing» structures with a given surface morphology.
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Anderson, Daniel M., Peter Guba, and Andrew J. Wells. "Mushy-layer convection." Physics Today 75, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/pt.3.4940.

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Lee, Jung-Kun, Hyun-Suk Jung, Dong-Wan Kim, Chang-Hoon Kim, and Kug Sun Hong. "Influence of Substrates on the Crystal Structure of Pulsed Laser Deposited Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–29% PbTiO3 Thin Films." Journal of Materials Research 17, no. 5 (May 2002): 1030–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2002.0152.

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Lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate [Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN)–PbTiO3 (PT)] films were synthesized using pulsed laser deposition, and the effect of substrates on the deposition behavior of the PMN–PT film was investigated. Phase evolution of PMN–PT thin films was found to depend significantly on the type of the substrate used during deposition. Though a mixture of pyrochlore and perovskite was observed when films were deposited on a Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrate, the oxide substrates, such as (Ba0.5Sr0.5)RuO3/Si, SrTiO3, and LaAlO3, enabled the deposition of pure perovskite. Scanning Auger microprobe, transmission electron microscope, and x-ray diffraction analysis showed that an interfacial layer between the substrates and the oxide film was central to the phase evolution behavior. On the Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrate, an interfacial layer of lead–platinum (Pb–Pt) played a major role in the formation of the pyrochlore phase. However, on oxide substrates, there was no interfacial layer and interdiffusion of A-site cations was observed between the PMN film and the oxide electrodes.
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Maolanon, Rungroj, Winadda Wongwiriyapan, and Sirapat Pratontep. "TiO2/Pt/TiO2 Sandwich Nanostructures: Towards Alcohol Sensing and UV Irradiation-Assisted Recovery." Journal of Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8545690.

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The TiO2/Pt/TiO2 sandwich nanostructures were synthesized by RF magnetron sputtering and demonstrated as an alcohol sensor at room-temperature operation with a fast recovery by UV irradiation. The TiO2/Pt/TiO2 layers on SiO2/Si substrate were confirmed by Auger electron spectroscopy with the interdiffusion of each layer. The TiO2/Pt/TiO2 layers on printed circuit board show the superior sensor response to alcohol in terms of the sensitivity and stability compared to the nonsandwich structure, that is, the only Pt layer or the TiO2/Pt structures. Moreover, the recovery time of the TiO2/Pt/TiO2 was improved by UV irradiation-assisted recovery. The optimum TiO2/Pt/TiO2 with thicknesses of the undermost TiO2 layer, a Pt layer, and the topmost TiO2 layer being 50 nm, 6 nm, and 5 nm, respectively, showed the highest response to ethanol down to 10 ppm. Additionally, TiO2/Pt/TiO2 shows an excellent sensing stability and exhibits different sensing selectivity among ethanol, methanol, and 2-propanol. The sensing mechanism could be attributed to the change of Pt work function during vapor adsorption. The TiO2 layer plays an important role in UV-assisted recovery by photocatalytic activity and the topmost TiO2 acts as protective layer for Pt.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pt layer"

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Shang, T., Q. F. Zhan, H. L. Yang, Z. H. Zuo, Y. L. Xie, L. P. Liu, S. L. Zhang, et al. "Effect of NiO inserted layer on spin-Hall magnetoresistance in Pt/NiO/YIG heterostructures." AMER INST PHYSICS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621346.

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We investigate spin-current transport with an antiferromagnetic insulator NiO thin layer by means of the spin-Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) over a wide range of temperature in Pt/NiO/Y3Fe5O12 (Pt/NiO/YIG) heterostructures. The SMR signal is comparable to that without the NiO layer as long as the temperature is near or above the blocking temperature of the NiO, indicating that the magnetic fluctuation of the insulating NiO is essential for transmitting the spin current from the Pt to YIG layer. On the other hand, the SMR signal becomes negligibly small at low temperature, and both conventional anisotropic magnetoresistance and the anomalous Hall resistance are extremely small at any temperature, implying that the insertion of the NiO has completely suppressed the Pt magnetization induced by the YIG magnetic proximity effect (MPE). The dual roles of the thin NiO layer are, to suppress the magnetic interaction or MPE between Pt and YIG, and to maintain efficient spin current transmission at high temperature. Published by AIP Publishing.
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Shang, T., H. L. Yang, Q. F. Zhan, Z. H. Zuo, Y. L. Xie, L. P. Liu, S. L. Zhang, et al. "Effect of IrMn inserted layer on anomalous-Hall resistance and spin-Hall magnetoresistance in Pt/IrMn/YIG heterostructures." AMER INST PHYSICS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622466.

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We report an investigation of anomalous-Hall resistance (AHR) and spin-Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) in Pt/Ir20Mn80/Y3Fe5O12 (Pt/IrMn/YIG) heterostructures. The AHR of Pt/IrMn/YIG heterostructures with an antiferromagnetic inserted layer is dramatically enhanced as compared to that of the Pt/YIG bilayer. The temperature dependent AHR behavior is nontrivial, while the IrMn thickness dependent AHR displays a peak at an IrMn thickness of 3 nm. The observed SMR in the temperature range of 10-300 K indicates that the spin current generated in the Pt layer can penetrate the IrMn layer (<= 3 nm) to interact with the ferromagnetic YIG layer. The lack of conventional anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) implies that the insertion of the IrMn layer between Pt and YIG could efficiently suppress the magnetic proximity effect (MPE) on induced Pt moments by YIG. Published by AIP Publishing.
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Thomas, Daniel. "Réalisation de transistors à un électron par encapsulation d’îlots nanométriques de platine dans une matrice diélectrique en utilisant un procédé ALD." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI131/document.

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L'introduction du transistor à un électron (SET) a secoué l'industrie des semi-conducteurs, avec des promesses d'efficacité inégalée. Cependant, le coût et la complexité associés à la réalisation d'un fonctionnement stable ont fortement entravé leur adoption. Après être tombé en dehors des grâces de l'industrie, la recherche universitaire a continué à pousser, démontrant des techniques novatrices pour la création de SET. Au cœur de ce problème de stabilité, il y a le besoin de construire de manière contrôlable des nanoislands de moins de 10 nm. Parmi les méthodes disponibles pour cette formation nanoisland, le dépôt de couche atomique (ALD) se distingue comme un processus hautement contrôlable industriellement. La deuxième barrière à l'entrée est la création d'électrodes nanogap, utilisées pour injecter du courant à travers ces nanoislands, pour lesquelles les chercheurs se sont largement appuyés sur des techniques de fabrication non évolutives comme la lithographie par faisceau d'électrons et le faisceau ionique focalisé. La technique d'évaporation de bord d'ombre surmonte les problèmes de complexité et d'échelle de la fabrication de nanogap, ouvrant de nouvelles possibilités. Dans ce travail, ALD sera démontré comme une superbe technique pour la culture de vastes réseaux 3D de nanoparticules de platine sous 2nm encapsulées dans Al2O3. ALD a fourni un moyen de faire croître ces matrices de nanoparticules en un seul processus, sous vide et à basse température. Grâce à l'évaporation du bord d'ombre, la lithographie UV a ensuite été utilisée pour former des électrodes nanogap avec des largeurs latérales élevées (100μm), avec des écarts démontrés au-dessous de 7 nm. La combinaison de ces techniques aboutit à un procédé de fabrication à haut rendement et à faible besoin pour la construction de SET complets. A partir des transistors résultants, de fines lamelles ont été préparées à l'aide de FIB et des modèles 3D ont été reconstruits par tomographie TEM pour analyse. La caractérisation électrique a été effectuée jusqu'à 77K, avec une modélisation révélant le transport de Poole-Frenkel en parallèle à un éventuel cotunneling. Des blocus de Coulomb stables, la signature des SET, ont été observés avec une périodicité régulière et étaient identifiables jusqu'à 170K. L'optimisation de ce processus pourrait produire des SETs de surface élevée capables de fonctionner de manière stable à température ambiante
The introduction of the single electron transistor (SET) shook the semiconductor industry, with promises of unrivaled efficiency. However, the cost and complexity associated with achieving stable operation have heavily hindered their adoption. Having fallen out of the graces of industry, academic research has continued to push, demonstrating novel techniques for SET creation. At the core of this stability issue is a need to controllably build nanoislands smaller than 10nm. Among the methods available for this nanoisland formation, atomic layer deposition (ALD) sets itself apart as an industrially scalable, highly controllable process. The second barrier to entry is the creation of nanogap electrodes, used to inject current through these nanoislands, for which researchers have leaned heavily on non-scalable fabrication techniques such as electron beam lithography and focused ion beam. The shadow edge evaporation technique overcomes the complexity and scaling issues of nanogap fabrication, opening new possibilities. In this work, ALD will be demonstrated as a superb technique for growing vast 3D arrays of sub 2nm platinum nanoparticles encapsulated in Al2O3. ALD provided a means of growing these nanoparticle matrices in a single process, under vacuum, and at low temperatures. Through shadow edge evaporation, UV lithography was then utilized to form nanogap electrodes with high lateral widths (100µm), with gaps demonstrated below 7nm. The combination of these techniques results in a high yield, low requirement fabrication process for building full SETs. From the resulting transistors, thin lamellas were prepared using FIB and 3D models were reconstructed via TEM tomography for analysis. Electrical characterization was performed down to 77K, with modeling revealing Poole-Frenkel transport alongside possible cotunneling. Stable Coulomb blockades, the signature of SETs, were observed with regular periodicity and were identifiable up to 170K. Optimization of this process could yield high surface area SETs capable of stable operation at room temperature
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Marjunus, Roniyus [Verfasser], Walter [Akademischer Betreuer] Hansch, Walter [Gutachter] Hansch, and Ignaz [Gutachter] Eisele. "Development of Pt-based Sensitive Layer for Carbon Monoxide Work Function Change Based Sensor in Air at Room Temperature / Roniyus Marjunus ; Gutachter: Walter Hansch, Ignaz Eisele ; Akademischer Betreuer: Walter Hansch ; Universität der Bundeswehr München, Fakultät für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik." Neubiberg : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität der Bundeswehr München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1175991708/34.

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Marjunus, Roniyus [Verfasser], Walter [Akademischer Betreuer] Hansch, Walter Gutachter] Hansch, and Ignaz [Gutachter] [Eisele. "Development of Pt-based Sensitive Layer for Carbon Monoxide Work Function Change Based Sensor in Air at Room Temperature / Roniyus Marjunus ; Gutachter: Walter Hansch, Ignaz Eisele ; Akademischer Betreuer: Walter Hansch ; Universität der Bundeswehr München, Fakultät für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik." Neubiberg : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität der Bundeswehr München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1175991708/34.

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Rouhet, Marlene. "Etude de l'influence des protons sur la réduction de l'oxygène dans des couches catalytiques ordonnées en vue d'une application en pile à combustible." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF031/document.

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Les couches catalytiques avec une structure ordonnée à base de nanoparticules de Pt supportées sur des nanofilaments de carbone verticalement alignés ont montré des performances intéressantes grâce à l’amélioration des propriétés du transport de matière et à une meilleure utilisation du Pt. Des études électrochimiques combinées à une modélisation mathématique ont mis en évidence l’influence du transport de protons sur les processus d’oxydo-réduction, la cinétique et le mécanisme de réduction de l’O2 (ORR), et sur H2O2 qui s’échappe des couches pendant l’ORR. Nous avons montré que (i) les protons sont impliqués dans l’étape limitante de la réaction, (ii) pour un pH ≥ 3, un plateau de courant limité par la diffusion des protons est observé et, (iii) pour un pH ≥ 3, le mécanisme de l’ORR implique non seulement les ions hydroniums mais aussi les molécules d’eau. L’intégration de ces couches catalytiques dans des PEMFCs haute température a ensuite été étudiée. Les performances obtenues sont légèrement plus basses que celles des couches conventionnelles. Un travail d’optimisation reste donc à accomplir pour améliorer les performances
Ordered catalytic layers based on vertically aligned carbon nanofilaments with Pt nanoparticles demonstrate high efficiency for oxygen transport and Pt utilization in the catalytic layer. Electrochemical studies combined with mathematical modeling confirm the influence of the proton transport on surface red-ox processes, the kinetics and the mechanism of the O2 reduction (ORR), and on the H2O2 escape. We show that (i) protons are involved in the rate-determining step of the O2 reduction, (ii) for pH ≥ 3, a plateau corresponding to the diffusion-limited current of protons is observed and, (iii) for pH ≥ 3, the mechanism of the ORR involves not only the hydronium ions but also water molecules. The integration of these catalytic layers in high temperature PEMFCs was then studied. The performance is slightly lower than that for conventional layers. An optimization work is required to improve the performance
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Zhu, Qing Shih Wei-Heng Shih Wan Y. "Characterization and application of piezoelectric microcantilever sensors fabricated from substrate-free PMN-PT layers /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2967.

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Falch, Anzel. "Synthesis, characterisation and potential employment of Pt–modified TiO2 photocatalysts towards laser induced H2 production / Falch A." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7346.

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The photocatalytic production of H2 from water as well as from a 1:1 methanol:water solution employing pre–treated TiO2 and various Pt–TiO2 photocatalysts was studied by using an Nd:YAG laser as irradiation source. The photocatalysts (0.5–, 1–, 1.5– and 2 wt% Pt–TiO2) were prepared by utilizing a photocatalytic reduction method after which characterisation by various analytical techniques, i.e. XRD, TEM, ICP, SEM, and EDX, were conducted. XRD clearly indicated that platinum was not present in the crystal structure of TiO2, but was rather loaded onto the surface of TiO2. TEM analysis confirmed the presence of Pt on the surface with a particle/cluster size between 11 nm and 22 nm. SEM showed that repeatable results in respect of surface appearance were obtained. ICP and EDX indicated that the loading method was successful with only a slight deviation between the actual amount loaded and the calculated amount loaded. The impact of the loaded Pt on the band gaps of the different photocatalysts was investigated by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and calculated by employing the Kubelka–Munk method. The band gap values shifted sequentially from 3.236eV to 3.100 eV as the loading increased, moving closer to the absorbance region for visible light. The amount of hydrogen produced from the individual photocatalysts dispersed in both pure water and aqueous methanol solutions, was measured manually with a gas chromatograph. As soon as irradiation was initiated, a distinct colour change from shades of grey to dark blue–grey was observed for all the photocatalysts. XRD confirmed that it was due to the anatase phase transforming to produce more rutile phase. No H2 was detected for the various photocatalysts suspended in water, i.e. in the absence of methanol. The amount of hydrogen produced from the various Pt photocatalysts suspended in the aqueous methanol solution was found to be the highest for the 0.5wt%– and 1.5wt% Pt–TiO2 photocatalysts and the lowest for the 2wt% Pt–TiO2. This could be due to loading Pt above the optimum amount to such an extent, preventing sufficient light from reaching the TiO2 surface. Pt particles can also touch and overlap which will decrease Pt contact with TiO2 thus decreasing effective charge transfer.
Thesis (M.Sc. (Chemistry))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Mano, Micaela. "POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EM TEMPOS DO GOVERNO PT: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE O PELC." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6741.

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Este estudio se dedica al análisis de Programa de deporte e Ocio de la Ciudad Pueblos y Comunidades Tradicionales Universidad Federal de Santa Maria. Tiene por objetivo analizar el papel del PELC/PCT/UFSM en el conjunto de las políticas públicas de deporte y ocio del gobierno PT. Para alcanzar este objetivo usaremos como base teórica el Materialismo Histórico Dialéctico. Se trata de una pesquisa organizada a partir de la revisión bibliográfica y del análisis documental, en el cual fueron usados documentos oriundos de los documentos finales de las Conferencias Nacionales de Deporte y la Política Nacional de Deporte, directrices y relatorías del PELC. La elección de realizar este estudio a partir del gobierno del PT, gestión Lula (2003-0211), se debe al PELC haber sido creado en 2003, por estarnos en una década significativa de Mega eventos que tuvo su inicio en la gestión del ex presidente Lula, y por el hecho del PT haber representado una opción de enfrentamiento a la lógica neoliberal. El estudio evidenciara que eso no aconteció, de hecho el gobierno Lula y Dilma adhirieron al proyecto neoliberal, materializándose en los paquetes de austeridad con reformas estatales, precarización de la leyes de trabajo, retirada de los derechos sociales, repase de recursos públicos a entidades privadas, defensa de exención fiscal, políticas de convenios. Por intermedio del análisis del neoliberalismo y su implantación en las áreas económicas, políticas y sociales, podemos constatar que en las políticas públicas de deporte y ocio la ideología se reproduce. El PELC/PCT/UFSM al tiempo que es desfavorecido presupuestariamente para aumentar la inversión en el área del deporte de alto rendimiento y los Mega eventos, nos trae un panorama de profundización de las relaciones de precarización, privatización mediante convenios públicos privados y delegación de responsabilidades para la sociedad civil, eximiendo de responsabilidad al Estado del deber de garantizarlas.
Dedica-se, neste estudo, à análise do Programa de esporte e Lazer da Cidade Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Temos por objetivo analisar o papel do programa PELC/PCT/UFSM no conjunto das políticas públicas de esporte e lazer do governo PT. Para atingirmos este objetivo usaremos como base teórica o Materialismo Histórico Dialético. Trata-se de uma pesquisa organizada a partir de revisão bibliográfica e a análise documental, na qual foram utilizados documentos oriundos dos documentos finais das Conferências Nacionais do Esporte e a Política Nacional de Esporte, diretrizes e relatórios do PELC. A escolha de realizar este estudo a partir do governo do Partido dos Trabalhadores, gestão Lula (2003-2011), se deve ao PELC ter sido lançado em 2003, por estarmos numa década significativa de Megaeventos, que teve início na gestão do ex-presidente Lula, e pelo PT ter representado uma opção de enfrentamento à lógica neoliberal. O estudo mostrara que isso não aconteceu, de fato o governo Lula e Dilma aderiram ao projeto neoliberal, materializando-se nos pacotes de austeridade com reformas estatais, precarização das leis trabalhistas, retirada dos direitos sociais, repasse de recursos públicos a entidades privadas, defesa de isenção fiscal, políticas de parcerias. Por intermédio da análise do neoliberalismo e sua implementação nas áreas econômicas, políticas e sócias, podemos constatar que nas políticas públicas de esporte e lazer a ideologia se reproduz. O PELC/PCT/UFSM, ao tempo que é desfavorecido orçamentariamente para aumentar o investimento na área de esporte de alto rendimento e para os Megaeventos, nos traz um panorama de aprofundamento das relações de precarização, privatização mediante parcerias público privadas e delegação de responsabilidades para a sociedade civil desresponsabilizando o Estado do dever de garanti-los.
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Lišková, Zuzana. "Aplikace SPM při studiu a modifikaci ultratenkých vrstev Pt, Co a graphenu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228669.

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This diploma thesis deals with the preparation of the very thin films and their investigation by scanning probe microscopy methods. The ultrathin films of Pt on Pt(111) were created by pulsed laser deposition and the ultrathin films of Co on Pt(111) were deposited by thermal evaporation. The coverage of the substrate was much smaller than one monolayer (in order of hundredths of monolayer). The nucleation theory was verified by these experiments using so-called Onset method. Further graphene sheets were prepared on layer of Si/SiO2 by the mechanical exfoliation from the graphite crystal. The fabricated graphene sheets were studied by micro-Raman spectroscopy, microreflectometry, atomic force microscopy and similar techniques. These methods proved the thinnest graphite layers were consisted of two graphene monolayers.
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Books on the topic "Pt layer"

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Svendsen, A. Baerheim, and Rob Verpoorte. Chromatography of Alkaloids, Part A Pt. A: Thin-Layer Chromatography. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2011.

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Saitoh, E., and K. Ando. Experimental observation of the spin Hall effect using spin dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.003.0015.

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This chapter describes an experiment on the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) induced by spin pumping. Spin pumping is the generation of spin currents as a result of magnetization M(t) precession; in a ferromagnetic/paramagnetic bilayer system, a conduction-electron spin current is pumped out of the ferromagnetic layer into the paramagnetic conduction layer in a ferromagnetic resonance condition. The sample used in the experiment is a Ni81Fe19/Pt bilayer film comprising a 10-nm-thick ferromagnetic Ni81Fe19layer and a 10-nm-thick paramagnetic Pt layer. For the measurement, the sample system is placed near the centre of a TE011 microwave cavity at which the magnetic-field component of the microwave mode is maximized while the electric-field component is minimized.
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Supplement to information technology: Local and metropolitan area networks : specific requirements-- pt. 12: demand-priority access method, physical layer and repeater specifications : full-duplex operation. New York, N.Y., USA: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1998.

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Alfano, R. R. Semiconductors Probed by Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy Pt II. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2012.

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Alfano, R. R. Semiconductors Probed by Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy Pt I. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2012.

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Anonyma. The Cambridge History Of American Literature : Early National Literature : Pt. Ii. Later National Literature: Pt. I. Arkose Press, 2015.

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Erskine, John, William Peterfield Trent, and Stuart Pratt Sherman. The Cambridge History Of American Literature : Early National Literature : Pt. Ii. Later National Literature: Pt. I. Arkose Press, 2015.

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Verdick, Elizabeth, and Pamela Espeland. See You Later, Procrastinator!: [Standard Large Print 16 Pt Edition]. ReadHowYouWant.com, Limited, 2021.

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Hüttner, Wolfgang. Diatomic Molecules II Pt. 2: Molecular Constants Mostly from Microwave, Molecular Beam and Sub-Doppler Laser Spectroscopy. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2022.

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Demaison, Jean, Georges Wlodarczak, Wolfgang Hüttner, and Jürgen Vogt. Diamagnetic Diatomic Molecules SubVol. A1, Pt. 1: Molecular Constants Mostly from Microwave, Molecular Beam and Sub-Doppler Laser Spectroscopy. Springer, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pt layer"

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Tanaka, Ken-ichi. "Formation of Active Ordered Layer on Pt–Rh Catalyst." In Dynamic Chemical Processes on Solid Surfaces, 97–114. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2839-7_9.

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Bal, K., A. Kirilyuk, A. Keen, K. J. Veenstra, Th Rasing, H. A. M. van den Berg, Y. Lou, K. Samwer, M. A. M. Haast, and J. C. Lodder. "Nonlinear Magneto-Optical Probing of Ultrathin Magnetic Layer Interfaces: CoNi/Pt and Co/Cu." In Nonlinear Optics for the Information Society, 97–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-1267-1_18.

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Tian, Feng-hua, Jun Li, Yi-ming Liu, Zhuo Xu, and Yun-chuan Yang. "Application of PMN-PT Piezoelectric Monocrystal in Wideband Transducer with Composite Rod Matching Layer." In Intelligent Robotics and Applications, 461–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27532-7_41.

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Sanders, S. C., J. W. Ekin, and B. Jeanneret. "Pt Buffer Layer for Protecting YBCO from Al at Annealing Temperatures up to 450°C." In Advances in Cryogenic Engineering Materials, 877–82. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9059-7_117.

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Kim, Hyun Ju, Dong Yoon Lee, Bo Kun Koo, Won Jae Lee, and Jae Sung Song. "Preparation and Characterization of Pt Counter Electrode with Buffer Layer for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell." In Solid State Phenomena, 283–86. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-27-2.283.

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Schubert, Christian. "Interlayer Exchange Coupling Through Pt Spacer Layers in Fe–Tb/Pt/[Co/Pt] Heterostructures." In Springer Theses, 109–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07106-0_9.

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Pillai, Akshai J., N. Soniya, and K. Shadak Alee. "Laser-Absorber Modes in 1D PT Symmetric and Quasi-PT Symmetric Structures." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 869–72. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9259-1_200.

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Miaja-Avila, Luis, Guido Saathoff, Chifong Lei, Martin Aeschlimann, John L. Gland, Margaret M. Murnane, and Henry C. Kapteyn. "Laser-Assisted Photoelectric Effect on Pt(111)." In Ultrafast Phenomena XV, 48–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68781-8_16.

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Malina, V., K. Z̆d̆ánský, K. Vogel, P. Ressel, and B. Pécz. "Ti/Pt/Au and WSiN/Ti/Pt/Au Schottky Contacts to N-Type InGaP Epitaxial Layers." In Heterostructure Epitaxy and Devices — HEAD’97, 293–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5012-5_58.

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Ziadie, Haritz Ghozi, Meilita Tryana Sembiring, and Beby Karina Fauzeea Sembiring. "Marketing Mix Strategy Using SWOT Analysis to Increase Market Share in PT Smartfren Telecom Tbk North Sumatera Area." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 930–36. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_116.

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AbstractThe need for communication technology, especially internet data services, cannot be separated from people’s lives. Almost all people now have internet data services to meet their internet access needs. However, the public is faced with many choices of internet data services offered by cellular network operators, one of which is Smartfren. PT Smartfren Telecom, Tbk, provides a wide selection of attractive data services and adapts to the needs of the community in order to increase the number of new customers and retain old customers. PT Smartfren Telecom, Tbk uses a 4P marketing mix strategy (Product, Price, People, Promotion) to increase and retain its customers. However, Smartfren is still inferior to other provider competitors, where Telkomsel has a market share value of 49.47%, XL 29.79%, Tri 16.49%, Indosat 10.64%, and Smartfren 5.85%. This shows that although there is a growth in customers every year, the market share (users) is still lagging behind other competitors. This study aims to increase market share using SWOT analysis. This study applied the 4P marketing mix theory and SWOT analysis to examine the issues raised. Data were collected by conducting interviews and direct observation. The results of this research will later show a marketing strategy to increase and retain the number of Smartfren customers.
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Conference papers on the topic "Pt layer"

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Cho, Joon Hyong, and Michael Cullinan. "Graphene Growth on and Transfer From Platinum Thin Films." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-3059.

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This paper presents graphene growth on Pt deposited on four different adhesion layers such as Ti, Cr, Ta, and Ni. During the graphene growth at 1000 °C using conventional Chemical Vapor Deposition method, these adhesion layers diffuse into and alloy with Pt layer resulting graphene to grow on different alloys. Therefore, Pt layer on different adhesion layers induces different quality and number of layer(s) of graphene grown on the film. Monolayer graphene was produced on majority of metal layers except on Pt/Ta layer where bilayer graphene is observed. The lowest defects were found on graphene grown on Pt/Ni film where slightly higher number of wrinkles are observed compared to other alloys. We characterized graphene using SEM images of transferred graphene, of Pt grains after the growth of graphene, and of in-depth profiles of thin film via TOF-SIMS. Our paper states feasibility of graphene growth on Pt thin film on various adhesion layers and obstacles to overcome to enhance graphene transfer from Pt thin film. We address one of the major difficulties of graphene growth and transfer to implement graphene in NEMS/MEMS devices.
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Tyan, Y. S., T. K. Hatwar, G. Farruggia, R. H. Victora, M. W. Culver, and C. F. Brucker. "Co/Pt Disks with a Simplified Structure." In Symposium on Optical Memory. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/isom.1996.owd.7.

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MO technology is now widely used for erasable optical storage. Almost all MO media products to date are based on rare-earth/transition metal alloys (RE-TM), such as TbFeCo. Although these alloys provide excellent recording performance, their intrinsic corrosion sensitivity necessitates the use of protective layers, typically thin nitride films, on both sides of the recording layer, to protect them from the environment. Frequently, to further enhance the recording performance, an additional reflector layer is used to form an optically tuned quadri-layer structure. The nitride type protective layers are slow and difficult to fabricate. The multilayer, optically tuned structure necessitates tight manufacturing tolerance. The compatibility between layers in terms of adhesion and stress often is difficult to control. These factors, and the fact that the RE-TM alloys are sensitive to oxidation and need to be coated in an excellent vacuum environment, all contribute to the cost of the media.
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Hayase, Masanori, and Yosuke Saito. "Novel Miniature DMFC With Monolithic Si Electrodes." In ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89143.

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A through-chip porous Ru-Pt catalyst layer was fabricated on a Si wafer and a novel miniature DMFC (Direct Methanol Fuel Cell) was realized. Recently, we found that porous noble metal layer can be synthesized on Si substrate by immersion plating on a porous Si. In order to realize a DMFC with our novel structure, a porous Ru layer was synthesized on the Si substrate using the immersion plating on the porous Si, then Pt was deposited by galvanic replacement reaction on the porous Ru. The porous Ru-Pt structure showed catalytic activity on methanol oxidization. A through-chip porous Ru-Pt layer was fabricated on a Si wafer by plasma etching and monolithic electrodes with catalyst layers and fuel channels were realized. A preliminary DMFC prototype successfully demonstrated power generation of 2mW/cm2.
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Kulkarni, P. D., M. Krishnan, H. C. Barshilia, and P. Chowdhury. "Effect of Pt layer thickness on perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in ultrathin Co/Pt multilayers." In SOLID STATE PHYSICS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 57TH DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2012. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4791452.

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Nemoto, H., R. Araki, and Y. Hosoe. "Pt-Cr alloy intermediate layer for granular perpendicular media." In INTERMAG 2006 - IEEE International Magnetics Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intmag.2006.375423.

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Young-Seok Kim, Jong-Ryul Jeong, Mu-Gyeom Kim, and Sung-Chul Shin. "Observation of magnetic dead layer in Ni/Pt multilayers." In IEEE International Magnetics Conference. IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intmag.1999.837832.

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Li, S., G. J. Lim, and W. Lew. "The effect of inserting a Pt layer in Pt/Co/Ta structure on spin orbit torque." In 2018 IEEE International Magnetic Conference (INTERMAG). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intmag.2018.8508179.

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Voora, Venkata M., Tino Hofmann, Matthias Brandt, Michael Lorenz, Marius Grundmann, and Mathias Schubert. "Interface-charge-coupled polarization response of Pt-ZnO-BaTiO3-ZnO-Pt heterostructures: Three-layer model expansion." In 2008 MRS Fall Meetin. Materials Research Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-1110-c06-14.

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Das, Prodip K., and Adam Z. Weber. "Water Management in PEMFC With Ultra-Thin Catalyst-Layers." In ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2013-18010.

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A two-dimensional non-isothermal multi-physics proton-exchange-membrane fuel-cell (PEMFC) modeling has been undertaken to investigate the interplay between the platinum (Pt) loading, water-capacity, water transport and cell performance at low operating temperatures (< 40 °C). Two ultra-thin catalyst layers (CLs), traditional Pt/C with extremely low Pt loading and nano-structured thin-film (NSTF), have been the main focus in the present model. Modeling data are compared with experimental polarization curves for both NSTF and traditional Pt/C CLs. Using the model, the interplay between the inherent CL water-capacity versus its removal rate through either the anode or cathode side of the PEMFC is explored. The controlling parameters for the water removal and accumulation (e.g., thickness of catalyst layer, existence of microporous layer, etc.) are also analyzed and the tradeoff between these parameters elucidated with a path towards efficient water management for ultra-thin CLs.
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Horsky, Matej, Peter Nadazdy, Edmund Dobrocka, Dagmar Gregusova, Alena Seifertova, Jan Derer, Jan Fedor, Tomas Scepka, and Boris Hudec. "Electrical properties of Pt/TiO2/Pt and Pt/TiO2/TiN structures grown by atomic layer deposition using TTIP and water." In 2022 14th International Conference on Advanced Semiconductor Devices and Microsystems (ASDAM). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asdam55965.2022.9966782.

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Reports on the topic "Pt layer"

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Olsen. PR-179-10203-R01 Characterization of Oxidation Catalyst Performance - VOCs and Temperature Variation. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010753.

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Oxidation catalysts are typically specified to reduce carbon monoxide (CO), Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) and/or Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from lean-burn engines. The application of catalysts to HAPs and VOC destruction is more recent, so greater effort has been placed on optimizing for CO oxidation than HAPs or VOC oxidation. In general, the catalysts consist of a porous, high surface area -alumina carrier material on a ceramic (typically cordierite) or stainless steel substrate. Although the alumina has some effectiveness in oxidation at high temperature, its primary role here is to provide a high surface area support for a well dispersed layer of platinum (Pt) and/or palladium (Pd) which provides numerous catalytic sites for oxidation activity. This work extends the current knowledge-base for application of oxidation catalysts in three areas: (1) species specific removal efficiencies, (2) temperature dependence, and (3) space velocity.
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Gadd, M. G., J. M. Peter, and D. Layton-Matthews. Genesis of hyper-enriched black shale Ni-Mo-Zn-Pt-Pd-Re mineralization in the northern Canadian Cordillera. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328013.

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Polymetallic (Ni-Mo-Zn-Pt-Pd-Au-Re) hyper-enriched black shales in the northern Canadian Cordillera consist of thin, semi-massive sulfides interbedded with black shale. We studied HEBS deposits at Nick, Peel River, Monster River, and Moss in northern Yukon, and at a single locality underlying the Cardiac Creek Pb-Zn-Ag deposit in northeastern British Columbia. High-grade mineralization contains up to 7.4 weight per cent Ni, 2.7 weight per cent Zn, 0.38 weight per cent Mo, 400 ppb Pt, 250 ppb Pd, 160 ppb Au, and 58.5 ppm Re. Sulfide mineralization formed during syngenesis to later diagenesis. Analyses by LA-ICP-MS indicate that pyrite is the principal host of platinum-group elements, Au, and Re. Mineralization and sedimentation were coeval based on the overlap between Re-Os geochronology of HEBS at Nick and Peel River (390.7 ± 5.1 and 387.3 ± 4.4 Ma, respectively) and conodont biostratigraphic ages of sedimentary host rocks. Bulk S isotope composition of HEBS is uniformly negative, indicating that bacterial reduction of seawater sulfate generated sulfur to precipitate sulfide minerals. The initial Os ratios at Peel River (0.25 ± 0.07) and Nick (0.32 ± 0.20) overlap with Middle Devonian seawater, suggesting that elemental enrichment was derived from seawater.
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Harris, L. B., P. Adiban, and E. Gloaguen. The role of enigmatic deep crustal and upper mantle structures on Au and magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr mineralization in the Superior Province. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328984.

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Aeromagnetic and ground gravity data for the Canadian Superior Province, filtered to extract long wavelength components and converted to pseudo-gravity, highlight deep, N-S trending regional-scale, rectilinear faults and margins to discrete, competent mafic or felsic granulite blocks (i.e. at high angles to most regional mapped structures and sub-province boundaries) with little to no surface expression that are spatially associated with lode ('orogenic') Au and Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr occurrences. Statistical and machine learning analysis of the Red Lake-Stormy Lake region in the W Superior Province confirms visual inspection for a greater correlation between Au deposits and these deep N-S structures than with mapped surface to upper crustal, generally E-W trending, faults and shear zones. Porphyry Au, Ni, Mo and U-Th showings are also located above these deep transverse faults. Several well defined concentric circular to elliptical structures identified in the Oxford Stull and Island Lake domains along the S boundary of the N Superior proto-craton, intersected by N- to NNW striking extensional fractures and/or faults that transect the W Superior Province, again with little to no direct surface or upper crustal expression, are spatially associated with magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr and related mineralization and Au occurrences. The McFaulds Lake greenstone belt, aka. 'Ring of Fire', constitutes only a small, crescent-shaped belt within one of these concentric features above which 2736-2733 Ma mafic-ultramafic intrusions bodies were intruded. The Big Trout Lake igneous complex that hosts Cr-Pt-Pd-Rh mineralization west of the Ring of Fire lies within a smaller concentrically ringed feature at depth and, near the Ontario-Manitoba border, the Lingman Lake Au deposit, numerous Au occurrences and minor Ni showings, are similarly located on concentric structures. Preliminary magnetotelluric (MT) interpretations suggest that these concentric structures appear to also have an expression in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) and that lithospheric mantle resistivity features trend N-S as well as E-W. With diameters between ca. 90 km to 185 km, elliptical structures are similar in size and internal geometry to coronae on Venus which geomorphological, radar, and gravity interpretations suggest formed above mantle upwellings. Emplacement of mafic-ultramafic bodies hosting Ni-Cr-PGE mineralization along these ringlike structures at their intersection with coeval deep transverse, ca. N-S faults (viz. phi structures), along with their location along the margin to the N Superior proto-craton, are consistent with secondary mantle upwellings portrayed in numerical models of a mantle plume beneath a craton with a deep lithospheric keel within a regional N-S compressional regime. Early, regional ca. N-S faults in the W Superior were reactivated as dilatational antithetic (secondary Riedel/R') sinistral shears during dextral transpression and as extensional fractures and/or normal faults during N-S shortening. The Kapuskasing structural zone or uplift likely represents Proterozoic reactivation of a similar deep transverse structure. Preservation of discrete faults in the deep crust beneath zones of distributed Neoarchean dextral transcurrent to transpressional shear zones in the present-day upper crust suggests a 'millefeuille' lithospheric strength profile, with competent SCLM, mid- to deep, and upper crustal layers. Mechanically strong deep crustal felsic and mafic granulite layers are attributed to dehydration and melt extraction. Intra-crustal decoupling along a ductile décollement in the W Superior led to the preservation of early-formed deep structures that acted as conduits for magma transport into the overlying crust and focussed hydrothermal fluid flow during regional deformation. Increase in the thickness of semi-brittle layers in the lower crust during regional metamorphism would result in an increase in fracturing and faulting in the lower crust, facilitating hydrothermal and carbonic fluid flow in pathways linking SCLM to the upper crust, a factor explaining the late timing for most orogenic Au. Results provide an important new dataset for regional prospectively mapping, especially with machine learning, and exploration targeting for Au and Ni-Cr-Cu-PGE mineralization. Results also furnish evidence for parautochthonous development of the S Superior Province during plume-related rifting and cannot be explained by conventional subduction and arc-accretion models.
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