Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychosocial well-being'
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Koen, Vicki. "Family psychosocial well-being in a South African context / Vicki Koen." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10451.
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“The family is the building block of society. It is a nursery, a school, a hospital, a leisure centre, a place of refuge and rest. It encompasses the whole of society. It fashions our beliefs; it is the preparation for the rest of our life,” Margaret Thatcher (1988). We are all well aware of the important role of family in people’s lives, we know it can affect you, empower you, or break you. Many studies and research has sought to define the role and influence of family in every which way, but truthfully, we can never know enough and we will never know everything. As human beings, we constantly strive for more – more knowledge, more understanding, and more insight. But the family, in essence, is a mystery; a far too complex and unique system that cannot be broken down into simple numbers or words. It is this that inspired me to do this study – although we can never know everything, we can always know more. This study therefore aimed to investigate the psychosocial well-being of a group of families and from the findings obtained, develop a conceptual framework and a model for psychosocial well-being of families from diverse cultures in a South African context. The research method consisted of two stages namely, stage one: a multi-method approach using quantitative and qualitative research for theory generation, and stage two: formulation of a conceptual framework and visual model. The first phase consisted of a quantitative research design with a sample size of 772 participants. The aim of the first phase was to determine the prevalence of psychosocial well-being in families and to identify families who report high, moderate and low levels of psychosocial well-being, using validated psychological instruments. The second aim of the quantitative phase was to propose a measurement model to assess family psychosocial well-being in a South African context. The second phase consisted of a qualitative, explorative research design used to understand and describe aspects that contribute to the psychosocial well-being of families from diverse cultures in a South African context, by analysing the storied (narrative) experiences (N = 23), drawings (N = 14) and family interviews (N = 36) of identified families who reported psychosocial well-being or less thereof, in the first phase of the study (Creswell, 2003). These findings were then utilized to develop a conceptual framework followed and a model for the psychosocial well-being of families in a South African context. The findings from the first, quantitative phase show a rather small group of participants who report high levels of family psychosocial well-being, while the majority falls within the low and moderate ranges, and approximately 64% of the participants are not experiencing optimal psychosocial well-being. The results support a two-factor model of family psychosocial well-being consisting of family functioning and family feelings. Family functioning included family relational patterns, family functioning style and family hardiness while the second factor, family feelings, included family satisfaction and attachment.
The findings from the qualitative phase suggest that communication, mutual support, togetherness as a family and spirituality are the most prominent contributing factors, whilst financial difficulties and interpersonal conflicts or arguments are the most prominent hindering factors with regard to family psychosocial well-being in this group of participants. These findings were utilized to develop a conceptual framework and a model for the psychosocial well-being of families from diverse cultures in a South African context that can be used in future research and in the development of programmes to enhance the psychosocial well-being of South African families.PhD, Psychology, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2012
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Peters, Elizabeth. "Neuropsychological executive functioning and psychosocial well-being / Elizabeth Peters." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/865.
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The aim of this study was to come to a better understanding of possible
neuropsychological mechanisms underlying psychosocial well-being and therefore to
determine whether a relationship between neuropsychological executive functions and
psychosocial well-being does indeed exist. Research was conducted in the domains of
neuropsychology and positive psychology. This thesis consists of three articles,
namely I ) Neuropsychological executive functions and psychosocial well-being: A
review, 2) Attentional switching and psychosocial! well-being, and 3) The relationship
between generativity as neuropsychological process and psychosocial well-being.
The first article argued the possibility of a relationship between neuropsychological
and psychosocial aspects, with reference to a pluralistic ecosystems perspective,
neuropsychological and other positive psychological theories, such as Miller's
neuropsychodynamic model and Frederickson's broaden-and-build theory, as well as
existing empirical studies. Numerous neuropsychological studies have indicated that
the prefrontal cortex is involved in executive functions, with its main function to
regulate both cognitive and affective functioning. Analyses of existing empirical
studies indicated an established relationship between prefrontal lobe / executive /
regulatory dysfunction and psychopathology, but also that the relationship between
normal or optimal prefrontal executive functions and psychosocial well-being is still
unclear. The first article concluded that evidence correlating neuropsychological
functioning with human flourishing, or indicating possible neuropsychological
mechanisms involved in psychosocial well-being, is sparse, presenting a serious
lacuna in scientific knowledge.
The following two articles focused on contributing to filling this lacuna.
"Attentional switching and psychosocial well-being" and "The relationship between
generativity, as neuropsychological process and psychosocial well-being" focused on
attentional switching and generativity, as part of neuropsychological executive
functions, as potential mechanisms associated with psychosocial well-being. These
studies aimed to determine whether the capacity to switch attention, as measured by
the Color Trails Test (CTT) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and the
capacity to generate novelty, as measured by the Controlled Verbal Fluency Task
(CVFT) (Benton, 1967) and Uses of Objects Test (UOT) (Getzels & Jackson, 1962),
are related to the degree of psychosocial well-being experienced. As part of the interdisciplinary
POWIRS (Profiles of Obese Women with Insulin Resistance Syndrome)
project, black African women (article 2 n=66; article 3 n=72) completed the above
mentioned neuropsychological measures, as well as indices of psychosocial wellbeing,
in a cross-sectional design. The psychosocial measures included the
Affectometer (AFM) 2 (Kammann & Flett, 1983); Constructive Thinking Inventory
(CTI) abbreviated version (Epstein & Meier, 1989); Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-
29) (Antonovsky, 1987, 1993); The Fortitude Questionnaire (FORQ) (Pretorius,
1998); JAREL Spiritual Well-being Scale (SWS-H) (Hungelman et al., 1989);
Psychological Well-being Scales (SPW-B) (Ryff & Singer, 1998); and the Cognitive
Appraisal Questionnaire (CAQ) (Botha & Wissing, 2003).
The main findings of these studies were hat the ease of attentional switching and
generativity correlates statistically (p<0.5) and practically significantly with higher
levels of psychosocial well-being. From a micro-deterministic perspective it can be
concluded that frontal lobe executive functions may play a role in the regulation
higher-order adjusting psychosocial functions related to quality of life. From a micro-deterministic
perspective it can be concluded that psychosocial well-being, while
being influenced by executive functions, may also influence the continuous
development of neuropsychological executive functions.Thesis (Ph.D. (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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Carlson, Torie E. "Families in transition, Russia's children and psychosocial well-being." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/MQ46211.pdf.
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Johnston, Gail Norma. "Assessing psychosocial and spiritual well-being in palliative cancer care." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301521.
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Appiah-Boateng, Sabina [Verfasser]. "Land-use Conflicts and Psychosocial Well-being / Sabina Appiah-Boateng." Hildesheim : Universität Hildesheim, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1217404317/34.
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Rodrigue, Mary. "Assessing the Psychosocial Needs of Individuals Diagnosed with Cancer, by Age and Sex on Interest in Support Group Attendance." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1276.
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There are several psychosocial factors that can affect an individual diagnosed with cancer (Holland, 2003), and directly addressing these issues with patients is important for their overall care and quality of life (Holland, 1998). The practice of psycho-oncology has been designed to assess these psychosocial issues with patients and their caregivers by means of outlets such as support groups to facilitate a wellness model of care (Myers & Sweeney, 2008). Using the demographics of age and sex, I plan to analyze and identify what psychosocial needs are significant to individuals diagnosed with cancer, and compare the sex and age of two significantly represented patient age groups 18-40 and 41-80 years old. I will survey the patients of Tulane Cancer Center in New Orleans, Louisiana when they arrive for medical treatment at the facility. The survey will include a demographic page, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G (Version 4), the Body Image Scale (BIS), the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-Short Form (CSFQ-14), and additional questions regarding the extent to which an individual would attend a support group designed for their specific age and sex demographic. Through data analysis, I hope to discover whether any of the variables of body image, sexual functioning, physical well being, social/family well being, emotional well being, and functional well being show significant differences between the male or female young adult population of 18-40 year olds and those patients who are 41-80 years old. The findings should allow psycho-oncology clinicians to utilize this knowledge to address what psychosocial needs are appropriate for each age and sex group, and thus enhance the overall care of the patient.
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Adam, Kihlman. "Psychosocial factors association with health and well-being in youth soccer." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-43186.
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Participating in organized sport has, according to previous research, been proven to have several benefits concerning health and well-being. Psychosocial factors such as task/ego- orientation, support from coaches and significant others has been shown to affect well-being in sport-environments. Present study was set out to investigate whether unique subgroups within soccer players (N = 732) could be found based on psychosocial factors, and if any difference between these subgroups could be found regarding well-being using a cross sectional design in four different districts around Sweden. LCA-analyses was carried out to identify the subgroups within the sample. The analyses identified four subgroups (“classes”) and the main findings showed that players who felt support from coaches and significant others and were in environments which were more task and mastery-oriented had higher general well-being. Present study confirmed previous research findings that support and environmental factors (e.g., task/ego-orientation, mastery/ego-goals) affect players well- being.
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Chang, Lun Chi. "A psychosocial attachment study of depression and well-being in Taiwanese women." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.591072.
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The thesis examined psychosocial risks, and positive factors, in relation to depression and spiritual wellbeing in Taiwanese women. It also sought to replicate and extend UK-based attachment models in the Taiwanese context. Poor childhood care, unsupportive and conflictful relationships, negative self-esteem and insecure attachment style were examined in relation to models of depression. Positive aspects of such factors were examined in relation to spiritual wellbeing. Tests were performed for mediation and moderation effects involving attachment style. Relationships with birth family and family-in-Iaw, as well as religious experience, were examined as additional cultural factors which might add to the explanatory models. Method: The research utilised a cross-sectional quantitative analysis of 721 on-line questionnaires with Taiwanese women aged 18-55 using standardised self -report questionnaires translated into Mandarin. These were supplemented with the Attachment Style Interview on a small subset to explore the social context of experience. Results: Logistic regression confirmed that childhood poor care, thoughts of partner separation, negative self-esteem and attachment insecurity provided the best model for depression outcome in women with a partner. For single women, age under 30 and negative self-esteem alone provided the best model. There was no evidence of mediation effects. Spiritual wellbeing was modelled by having a live-in partner, positive self-esteem, and security of attachment style. limited evidence was presented for moderation effects. Case studies were used to outline the relationship and attachment experience of the Taiwanese women to look at the context of experience and cultural elements. Conclusions: Whilst the basic psychosocial models of depression derived from UK research held, differences revolved around the wider range of family relationships important in Taiwan and important differences emerged in models for women under 30 without a partner which require further research . Attachment style was shown to hold in both risk and resilience models.
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Miller, Michelle. "The Impact of Mindfulness Meditation on Psychosocial Well-Being in Emerging Adults." Walsh University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=walshhonors1587730150435966.
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Kelly, Nichole. "PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, PHYSICAL FITNESS AND THE PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING OF OBESE ADOLESCENTS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1735.
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Overweight and obesity are associated with an array of negative physical and psychosocial symptoms in adolescents. Numerous pediatric obesity interventions have emerged in an attempt to address this significant public health concern. However, few have focused on African American females, a particularly high risk group for negative health behaviors and associated complications. Moreover, research examining the psychosocial changes associated with increases in physical activity and fitness, although promising in elder and adult populations, is nearly nonexistent in adolescents. Thus, the current study addressed limitations in the research and examined the psychosocial outcomes of adolescent participants in T.E.E.N.S., a culturally sensitive, multidisciplinary weight loss intervention. From baseline to 6 month post-testing, program participants demonstrated significant improvements in physical, emotional, and social functioning, as well as body dissatisfaction. Moreover, increases in physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with significant enhancements in several domains of psychological well-being.
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Nyamukapa, Constance. "The psychosocial well-being of orphans in HIV/AIDS-afflicted eastern Zimbabwe." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8369.
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Almost 21% of Zimbabwe's population of roughly 13 million people live with HIV infection while 1.6 million children (23%) have been orphaned. The epidemic is further worsening children's lives by decreasing access to health services, education, shelter, clothing, vocational training, legal protection, psychosocial support, and care from family members. Understanding the psychosocial effects on children of being orphaned or made vulnerable by the epidemic is vital if further problems in childhood and later life are to be averted. Objectives: 1. To develop a theoretical framework for understanding the relationships between orphan experience, psychosocial distress, and child experiences and adult life chances; 2. To compare and contrast levels of psychosocial distress by form (i.e. paternal only, maternal only and double) and duration of orphanhood in Zimbabwe; 3. To assess the cumulative impact of psychosocial distress experienced in childhood on risky behaviour outcomes in adolescence and adult life experiences; 4. To assess how appropriate and sensitive the methods and tools used in the study were to the children's plight. Methods: Stata version 9.0 was used to conduct statistical analyses of data from three survey sources: the Zimbabwe Oye Baseline Survey 2004, the Manicaland Child Cohort Study, and the Manicaland HIV/SID Prevention Project. Qualitative data were collected and used to aid interpretation of the statistical results. Results: In the national ayC survey (ages 12-17 years), psychosocial distress was more common in females and younger children. Orphans overall and each form of orphan were at greater risk of developing psychosocial distress than non-orphans. In multivariate analyses, being resident in an urban area (Coeff, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.04-0.28), on a commercial farm (Coeff, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.08-0.84), in the poorest 20% of households (Coeff, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.04-0.24), in a household that had received external Support (Coeft', 0.21; 95% CI, -0.01-0.44) and not being related to the closest caregiver (Coeff, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.03-0.24) were associated with psychosocial distress. Being in a female-headed household (Coeff; -0.11; 95% CI, -0.19- -0.02) and receiving psychosocial support from the closest caregiver (Coeff, -0.05; 95% CI, -0.09- -0.01) had protective effects against psychosocial distress. Maternal and paternal orphans were significantly more likely than non-OYC to have engaged in sexual activity. These differences were reduced after controlling for psychosocial distress. In Manicaland, eastern Zimbabwe, paternal and double orphans were at increased risk of psychosocial distress. Orphans were more likely to have started sex and to have engaged in substance abuse. However, the only (borderline) significant result was increased likelihood of paternal orphans having engaged in substance abuse [p = 0.056]. Conclusion: Orphaned children in Zimbabwe suffer greater psychosocial distress which may lead to increased likelihood of sexual debut and HIV infection. The impact of strategies to provide psychosocial support should be evaluated scientifically.
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Lee, Serge Chia. "Stress, social support systems, and psychosocial well-being of Hmong refugee adults /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11149.
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Malcomson, Kathryn Stewart. "Psychosocial well-being and quality of life in individuals with multiple sclerosis : the effect of psychosocial interventions." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435481.
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Bisgrove, Lindsey Michalle. "Key Predictors of Well-Being for Individuals with Dementia." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1367345218.
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Healy, Christine, and Khealy@alphalink com au. "Multiple sclerosis and psychological well-being the role of physical and psychosocial factors." Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20051103.161133.
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Multiple sclerosis, (MS), presents affected individuals with an uncertain future, and has broad physical and psychosocial implications for their daily functioning. This study aimed to investigate the psychological well-being of people with MS with an emphasis on positive psychological functioning. It also aimed to extend previous research that suggested reporting perceived benefits during adversity may be indicative of cognitive adaptation. Disease-related variables (mobility, fatigue) and psychosocial factors (optimism, coping) were examined to ascertain the effects of living with MS upon well-being. Well-being was determined using two general measures (The Profile of Mood States (POMS), Shacham, 1983; and the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (PWB), Ryff & Keyes, 1995), and Mohr et al.�s (1999) MS psychosocial factors (Demoralization, Deteriorated Relationships, Benefit Finding). Participants were 154 people with MS who were recruited through the MS Societies of Victoria and Tasmania. Results showed participants reported both negative and positive consequences from their MS experiences. Higher levels of Demoralization and Deteriorated Relationships were related to decreased well-being. However, no association was found between Benefit Finding and psychological well-being. Benefit Finding was also unrelated to optimism, and the disease-related variables (mobility, fatigue). Only positive reappraisal coping was predictive of reporting of benefits which lends support to the notion that it is a coping strategy. To examine the effects of mobility the sample was divided into three groups: normal gait, mild gait problems but not using aids and those who require aids for mobility. Significant differences between the mobility groups were found on Demoralization and fatigue levels. As participants� difficulties with mobilisation increased so too did their levels of demoralisation. However, those with mild gait problems reported fatigue levels comparable with those experiencing more complex gait difficulties. No differences were found between the groups on the general psychological measures, which may indicate some form of resilience or psychological adaptation occurring. More generally, results showed that participants who were more optimistic, less fatigued, and used less of particular coping strategies (either less avoidant coping or less blaming self or others) to deal with their MS problems reported higher well-being (less demoralisation, less psychological distress and higher positive functioning). In conclusion, the use of multi-dimensional outcomes enabled a comprehensive examination of well-being and highlighted the effects of specific illness-related factors and coping strategies. As demonstrated in this study, despite the adversity of living with MS, people are able to maintain a healthy sense of self and their relationships, and report benefits from their experiences.
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Simmons, Claire. "Psychosocial variables contributing to well-being among women undergoing investigations for breast cancer /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PM/09pms592.pdf.
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Tolgyesi, Charlotte Sarah. "Psychosocial factors associated with self-management and well-being in childhood chronic illness." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1406/.
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Volume I comprises a literature review and an empirical paper. The literature review explores the link between illness representations and self-management in children and young people with chronic illness. Fourteen published empirical studies were identified for the review. A risk of bias assessment was completed for each study. Consistencies and differences between papers were identified. Overall, treatment control beliefs were most consistently associated with self-management across a range of chronic health conditions. The empirical paper details a cross-sectional study investigating associations between illness representations, self-efficacy, self-management and psychological well-being in young people with Coeliac Disease. Forty young people and 34 parents recruited from hospital outpatient clinics completed questionnaires. Results indicated timeline-cyclical beliefs and treatment concerns were associated with self-management. Timeline-cyclical, identity, treatment control and coherence were correlated with well-being. In terms of self-efficacy, young people with high levels of self-efficacy were more likely to have better self-management and positive well-being. Finally, dissimilarity in timeline-cyclical beliefs between young people and their parents was related to higher parental stress. Four full length clinical practice reports and a summary of CPR 5 (oral presentation) are included in the Volume II. Firstly, a case of a 55 year old woman presenting with depression is presented. The case is formulated from both cognitive and psychodynamic perspectives. A service evaluation of an Assertive Outreach Service is then described. Both of these clinical practice reports were completed while on an adult mental health placement. The third clinical practice report is a single case experimental design, detailing the assessment and treatment of a 15 year old boy with a mild learning disability and anxiety. This is followed by a case study of the assessment, formulation and intervention of a 15 year old boy with anger and memory difficulties. Finally, a summary of an audit of a new clinical service delivering psychosocial interventions in dementia is provided.
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Weinstein, Emily. "Influences of Social Media Use on Adolescent Psychosocial Well-Being: ‘OMG’ or ‘NBD’?" Thesis, Harvard University, 2017. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33052850.
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Daily social media use is routine for most contemporary adolescents. However, as social technology use rises, we are still largely unclear about the nature of adolescents’ multifaceted experiences and the mechanisms that may disrupt well-being. In two studies, I use qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the relationship between adolescents’ social media use and their psychosocial well-being. I conducted a survey and social browsing experiment (n=588), followed by semi-structured interviews with a purposeful sub-sample of youth (n=28).
In Study 1, I present an architecture of emotional life infused with social technologies. Adolescents’ survey self-reports portray social media use as a predominantly positive experience. Exploratory principal component analysis further indicates that positive and negative emotions form orthogonal response components. In interview narratives, youth describe affect influences across four functional dimensions: self-expression is an opportunity for both feeling validated and feeling judged; exploration facilitates inspiration but also distress; relational interactions contribute to closeness and to disconnection; and browsing leads to entertainment and boredom, as well as to admiration and envy. Together, these analyses suggest that the relationship between social technology usage and well-being – whether enhanced or degraded – is not confined to an ‘either/or’ framework, but that the emotional see-saw of social media use is weighted by both positive and negative influences.
In Study 2, I use an experiment to assess the merit of a pervasive yet seemingly untested theory about browsing: that the “highlight reel” nature of social media is itself a cause of disruptions in well-being. Positive-only portrayals of others’ lives hypothetically disrupt well-being because they evoke negative social comparisons and contribute distorted perceptions of others’ happiness. I randomly assigned teens to a highlight reel browsing experience or to one of two interventions designed to reduce distorted impressions. Browsing conditions do not cause differences in comparison or post-browsing emotions. However, regardless of condition, negative comparisons predict immediate declines in affective well-being. The interventions moderate the relationship between social comparison and affect, thereby reducing the toll of negative comparison. I discuss implications of adolescents’ differential susceptibility to browsing highlight reels and to light-touch interventions.
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Larson, Cheryl Ann Davisson. "Spiritual, psychosocial, and physical correlates of well-being across the breast cancer experience." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280719.
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Spirituality has gained increasing attention by scientists for its importance in contributing to understanding human health experiences. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of spiritual, psychosocial, and physical correlates to well-being and depression over the trajectory of breast cancer experience. Nursing theory, lifespan development, and chronic illness trajectory provided the conceptual framework for the study. A correlational, retrospective design was used allowing for collection of longitudinal data during a one-time measurement process. The sample consisted of 64 women (constituting a 91% response rate) 60 years or older with Stage I, II, or III breast cancer, who had chemotherapy and/or radiation, and were 8 to 24 months post treatment. A set of questionnaires was used to obtain data over three phases of their breast cancer experience: Anticipatory; Therapy; and Survivor. For data analysis, it was determined that all instruments had adequate reliability and validity, and statistical assumptions were met. Multiple regression results indicated that two variables in particular (self-transcendence and symptom distress) were consistently significant in explaining well-being and depression (with explained variance ranging from 57% to 85%) across all three phases. Other variables (hope, spiritual perspective, social support) also contributed significantly to the explained variance across some phases. Repeated Measure ANOVA and post hoc tests indicated that the scores on several variables differed significantly depending upon the phase of illness. While symptom distress is often a primary concern of patient and nurse, it was concluded that spiritual variables are also important factors in experiences of well-being and depression across the trajectory of the illness. A second conclusion was that, as with physical or social aspects, spirituality includes many dimensions of human experience and should be studied for the variety of spiritual factors that may be significant across the trajectory of illness. In this study, at least one or more different spiritual variables were significant in the regression equations for every phase of illness. Findings provided empirical evidence to refine and further develop a mid-range theory on how spirituality functions as an important resource for well-being within the context of other variables, across the breast cancer experience.
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Coppin, Darren. "A psychosocial stage of change approach to unemployment: A psychosocial, stage of change approach to improve employment outcomes for the unemployed." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2018. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/a32d0047127fe68955837360512f8fb849e4be1878c942fad03d8f706d75d139/2739112/Coppin_2018_A_psychosocial_stage_of_change_approach.pdf.
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Unemployment has been found to have a detrimental impact on an individual’s well-being and mental health. This thesis aims to enhance our understanding of whether all jobseekers are truly jobseeking and explore what can be done to support behaviour changes in those who are not initially committed to returning to work. A first study tested the predictive validity of a stage of change measure on the re-employment success of 1,247 unemployed Australians. The study evidenced that different stages of commitment to jobseeking exist, and re-employment success rates corresponded to the predictions of the transtheoretical model of change. The stages are precontemplation (not considering getting a job), contemplation (not yet trying to get a job), preparation (wanting a job, but lacking confidence) and the action stage (actively seeking a job). This study uncovered a new stage of change, labelled unauthentic action (going through the motions of seeking a job without genuine commitment or confidence in gaining one). A second study tested the hypothesis that interventions focused on building well-being, resilience and self-efficacy may be packaged into a single psychosocial workshop (PS) to improve re-employment rates in a treatment group of 16- to 25-year-old unemployed Australians (N=75) versus a comparison group who received treatment as usual (TAU. N=257). The treatment group achieved significantly higher re-employment and sustained employment (13 weeks+) outcomes. A third study applied this PS intervention on a larger scale to adult jobseekers (N=2,459, with 549 randomly assigned to the PS program and 1,910 to TAU), measuring responses to the treatment corresponding to different stages of change. An important focus of the study was evaluating the extent to which the PS intervention effects were moderated by key variables in addition to the jobseeker’s stage of change. These variables included gender, age, location and length of time unemployed. As hypothesised, the PS intervention had varying effects corresponding with different stages of readiness to change. It was more effective than TAU among people classified as being in the precontemplation, contemplation, unauthentic action and preparation stages. However, the PS intervention added no value above TAU for those classified in the action stage (actively seeking a job). Study IV sought to build on Studies II and III by adding a customised one-to-one coaching program that was stage-matched to a jobseeker’s readiness for change, in addition to the group workshops. Given the ineffectiveness of the PS intervention for those in the action stage, and for pragmatic reasons, this group was provided only with the stage-matched coaching treatment. Variables were tracked to establish whether demographics such as age, gender, region, government jobseeker classification (‘stream’) and ethnicity impacted the efficacy of the intervention. This study involved 20,057 jobseekers who were randomly assigned to either the PS intervention (N=8,028) or TAU (N=12,029). The intervention, comprising both the PS intervention and stage-matched coaching, was more effective than TAU regardless of stage of change, age, gender and ethnicity (e.g. indigenous versus non-indigenous). The intervention was not effective for those living in remote areas and may have even had a negative influence. In this thesis, we discuss the importance of considering stage of change and context when utilising positive PS interventions to improve re-employment rates for the unemployed.
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Strandh, Mattias. "Varying unemployment experiences? : the economy and mental well-being." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-82166.
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From being an unemployment success story, Sweden was during the 1990s thrown into a European normality, with apparent high and persistent unemployment. This has made unemployment a central issue in the Swedish public debate as a social problem directly affecting hundreds of thousands of individuals. In the public debate there is however no consensus on what characterises the experience of unemployment. One perspective emphasises the role of employment for self-realisation. Unemployment here becomes a very destructive experience, due to the psychosocial value attached to employment. An alternative perspective instead views employment as a necessary evil that brings little satisfaction to those who participate in it. From this perspective unemployment mean very little to those struck by it outside the possible negative effects on income (which are minimised by the welfare state). The objective of this thesis has been to move beyond the postulated truths of what the experience of unemployment means. It uses an empirical approach in order to investigate the consequences of unemployment for mental well-being, and to develop an understanding of the reasons for this relationship. The following conclusions can be drawn from the five articles that make up the thesis. In line with previous international and Swedish research, the thesis shows that unemployment as compared to employment is in general a distressing experience. This does however not mean that we can draw the simple conclusion that unemployment represents misery and employment represents the absence of misery. The thesis finds the relationship to be more complex than so. There is a need to take into account more of the possible variations in status available both on and outside the labour market. Different exit routes from unemployment were found to have different consequences for the mental well-being of the unemployed individual. Further, the evidence in the thesis shows that there is variation in the impact of unemployment on mental well-being within the unemployment group. We should, thus, not talk about the experience of unemployment, but rather about varying unemployment experiences. The general effect of unemployment on mental well-being, and the variation in the unemployment experience, was in turn shown to be mainly dependent on two factors. Firstly on the psychosocial need for employment in a society where employment is the norm. Secondly, on the economic need for employment in a society where employment, as the thesis also shows, for many still is necessary for adequate economic resources.Härtill 5 uppsatser.
digitalisering@umu
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Lee, Mindy. "Psychosocial Outcomes and Emotion Processing in Media Multitaskers." Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/381013.
Full textAbstract:
Media multitasking refers to the simultaneous use of more than one media form
(Ophir et al., 2009). This definition has sometimes been inclusive of using media while doing
a non-media activity such as interacting with others (Xu et al., 2016). This research examined
the relationship between media multitasking, psychosocial well-being and personality traits.
Additionally, this research investigated media multitaskers’ emotion processing on three
established attention tasks.
Existing research has shown that media multitasking is associated with poorer
psychological (Becker et al., 2013) and general well-being (Pea et al., 2013). A principle aim
of the present research was to expand on the existing literature by exploring the link between
media multitasking and a range of psychosocial well-being constructs including trait
depression, trait anxiety, social anxiety, general well-being, and empathy. A link between
media multitasking and personality traits has also been reported in the literature, however
only a few traits have been examined to date (e.g., impulsivity, sensation seeking). One aim of
the current research was to expand on this by exploring other personality traits such as the Big
5 (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness) and narcissism.
Therefore, the link between media multitasking and well-being has been reported, and the link
between media multitasking and personality appears to be present as well. Yet, how these
three variables might intertwine with each other has yet to be investigated.
In the present research, Study 1 examined the relationship between media
multitasking, psychosocial well-being (trait depression, trait anxiety, social anxiety, general
well-being, and empathy), and personality traits (Big 5 and narcissism) through an online
survey. The study examined if media multitasking mediated the relationship between
personality traits and psychosocial outcomes. Study 1 also investigated the specific
association between using media while interacting with others, and how this behaviour contributes to psychosocial well-being after controlling for personality variables. Study 2 was
a word rating study that was necessary to generate comparable face and word stimuli sets that
would be used in Study 3. This was needed because word databases have generally
categorised words into positive and negative categories only, or have used words that may
have subjective meaning attached to it (e.g., objects or occasions). Study 3 employed three
well-established attention tasks: the dot-probe paradigm, visual search task, and attentional
blink task. These tasks are designed to measure selective, spatial and temporal attention,
respectively. Across the tasks, happy, angry and neutral faces and words were used. The
primary research questions of interest were: (a) whether heavy media multitaskers perform
worse on attention tasks compared to light and average media multitaskers; (b) whether
different groups of media multitaskers have attentional biases towards specific emotions; and
(c) whether the group differences are consistent across the three attention tasks.
Findings from Study 1 showed that higher levels of media multitasking were related to
poorer levels of psychosocial well-being, in particular, trait depression, trait anxiety, general
well-being, and empathy. Further analyses showed that media multitasking partially mediated
a number of the relationships between personality traits and psychosocial well-being
outcomes. Study 1 also found that using media while interacting with others was associated
with higher levels of trait depression, trait anxiety, social anxiety, and lower levels of general
well-being, and empathy. Whereas previous studies have found that heavy media
multitasking is related to performance on several cognitive tasks such as task switching
(Cardoso-Leite et al., 2016; Ophir et al., 2009), filtering (Cardoso-Leite et al., 2016; Ophir et
al., 2009), and working memory tasks (Ralph & Smilek, 2017; Uncapher et al., 2016),
findings from Study 3 showed a significant group difference on the dot-probe task in relation
to emotion bias, but not on overall performance. There were no group differences found on
the visual search and attentional blink tasks. Potential explanations for these unexpected findings are outlined and discussed. The overall performance on each task also produced
results showing some biases towards emotions compared to neutral stimuli, but this was not
consistent across all conditions nor across faces and word tasks. This was likely due to the use
of subtle stimuli and task instructions which resulted in an inconsistency with previous
research showing robust effects for emotional biases.
This research provides a better understanding of how an increasingly prevalent
behaviour such as media multitasking can potentially contribute to people’s well-being and
cognitive performance. This has practical implications for the need to highlight cautionary use
of multiple media forms concurrently, as it is currently increasingly encouraged or sometimes
necessary in schools, workplaces, and homes.Thesis (Professional Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical Psychology (PhD ClinPsych)
School of Applied Psychology
Griffith Health
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陳瑜 and Yu Chan. "An exploratory study on spiritually and psychosocial well-being in chinese breast cancer patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40887832.
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Taylor, P. E. "People without jobs : Psychosocial attitudes, psychological well-being and the effects of assessment programmes." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234493.
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Stubbs, Brittney, Valerie M. Hoots, Andrea D. Clements, and Beth A. Bailey. "Psychosocial Well-Being and Efforts to Quit Smoking in Pregnant Women of Rural Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7227.
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Stubbs, Brittney, Valerie M. Hoots, Andrea D. Clements, and Beth A. Bailey. "Psychosocial Well-Being and Efforts to Quit Smoking in Pregnant Women of Rural Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7228.
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Stubbs, Brittney, and Andrea D. Clements. "Psychosocial Well-Being and Efforts to Quit Smoking in Pregnant Women of Rural Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7234.
Full textAbstract:
Negative health effects on an unborn fetus have been related to cigarette smoking during pregnancy. Very little research examines stress, self-esteem, depression, and disordered eating in pregnant women who smoke. A study, Tennessee Intervention for Pregnant Smokers (TIPS), recruited pregnant women from five prenatal practices to help them quit smoking before giving birth. Using an expanded 5A’s (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange) model and motivational interviewing, the intervention was implemented by trained health educators over the course of 4 prenatal visits. Women in the study who successfully stopped smoking before delivery had significantly healthier infants than the women who did not. A subset of the sampled 1063 pregnant women with complete data on measures of interest will be analyzed for the current study. We hypothesize that the following factors will differ significantly among pregnant women who never smoked, women who smoked but quit prior to birth, and women who smoked and did not quit prior to birth: stress, as indicated by the stress subscale of the Prenatal Psychosocial Profile (PPP); self-esteem, as indicated by the self-esteem subscale of the PPP; depressive symptoms, as indicated by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10); and disordered eating, as indicated by the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Additionally, we hypothesize that the odds of pregnant women quitting smoking prior to birth will be predicted by stress, self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and disordered eating. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests will be conducted to compare scores on respective measures for the three groups based on smoking status. A logistic regression will be conducted to assess the degree to which aforementioned variables predict odds of smoking cessation in pregnant smokers. The implications of this research can be used to improve future intervention programs to reduce the adverse health effects of children born to mothers who smoke.
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Stubbs, Brittney, Valerie M. Hoots, and Andrea D. Clements. "Psychosocial Well-Being and Efforts to Quit Smoking in Pregnant Women of Rural Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7235.
Full textAbstract:
Stress, self-esteem, depression, and disordered eating were analyzed among three groups of pregnant women in Tennessee Intervention for Pregnant Smokers (TIPS): never smoked, smoked but quit prior to birth, and smoked but did not quit prior to birth.
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Zafar, Shamsa. "Integration of a maternal psychosocial well-being component into an early child-development intervention." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2014. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2006628/.
Full textAbstract:
Maternal psychosocial well-being (MPW) is a comprehensive concept that covers the psychological (e.g., depression, distress, anxiety, coping, mental health,) and social (e.g., family and community support, empowerment, relationships, culture) aspects of motherhood. High rates of poor maternal mental health, with maternal depression the most prevalent condition, have been reported in the low and middle income countries, including Pakistan. Though evidence based interventions exist to address maternal depression, these have not been translated into policy because of various implementation barriers. Integration of these interventions into existing maternal and child health (MCH) programmes has been suggested as a strategy to provide accessible care to mothers. In the current study we developed and integrated a cognitive behavioural therapy–based MPW intervention (the 5 pillars approach) into a child nutrition and development program. Following qualitative research with community health workers (CHWs) and families, CHWs were trained in (1) empathic listening, (2) family engagement, (3) guided discovery using pictures, (4) behavioural activation, and (5) problem solving. A qualitative feasibility study in one area demonstrated that CHWs were able to apply these skills effectively to their work, and the approach was found to be useful by CHWs and mothers. This work provides vital information on the lessons learnt in the implementation of a maternal psychosocial wellbeing intervention for universal use. The facilitating factors included mothers being the central focus of the intervention, utilizing existing local CHWs whom the mothers trust, simple training and regular supervision, and an approach that facilitates, and does not add, to the CHWs’ work.
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Chan, Yu. "An exploratory study on spiritually and psychosocial well-being in chinese breast cancer patients." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40887832.
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Keats, Melanie R. "Relationship between leisure time physical activity and psychosocial well-being in adolescents following cancer diagnosis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40067.pdf.
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Exton, Carrie. "Psychosocial stress and subjective well-being in trainee teachers : evidence from survey and diary studies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442942.
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Flynn, R. "Psychosocial models of well-being in healthy and chronically ill populations : theoretical and clinical implications." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580094.
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Li, Wing-chi, and 李詠芝. "Role of psychosocial factors on subjective well-being among primary school teachers of inclusive education." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196515.
Full textAbstract:
The author examined the effect of personality traits and the buffering effect of social support on psychological well-being of primary school teachers in inclusive education in Hong Kong. A sample of 200 Chinese teachers was surveyed. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that neuroticism was highly correlated with and accounted for depression, anxiety, and burnout in our sample. Family support was found to have significant main effect on depression (R² = 48%, ΔR² = 3%), and anxiety (R² = 63%, ΔR² = 2%) when the main effects of neuroticism were partialled out. Significant moderating effect of family support on the relationship between neuroticism and depression was found. To further investigate the effect of marital status on this buffering model, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted with teachers who were married and those who were single, respectively. The analyses revealed significant main effects of neuroticism regardless of teachers’ marital status. Significant main effect of family support and interaction Neuroticism x Family Support were only found for married teachers. These findings have implications that family support was an important factor in mitigating psychological distress particularly for teachers who were married and reported high level of neuroticism. Interventions of enhancing family support and school support were discussed.published_or_final_version
Educational Psychology
Master
Master of Social Sciences
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Stubbs, Brittney, Valerie Hoots, Andrea D. Clements, and Beth Bailey. "Psychosocial Well-Being and Efforts to Quit Smoking in Pregnant Women of South-Central Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7199.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Psychosocial well-being variables from the Tennessee Intervention for Pregnant Smokers (TIPS) study, a longitudinal smoking cessation study in South-Central Appalachia, were investigated as potential predictors of smoking status.
Methods: A sample of 1031 pregnant women participated in an expanded 5A's (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange) program, from 2008 to 2011. Measures of stress, self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and disordered eating collected by interview during the first trimester, or during the third trimester in a combined interview if participants began prenatal care late, were hypothesized to differ among three groups of participants: pregnant women who never smoked, pregnant women who smoked but quit prior to birth, and pregnant women who smoked and did not quit prior to birth. Smoking status was measured throughout the study. Whether or not a participant quit smoking was assessed at delivery.
Results: Non-smokers were lowest in stress F(2,1027) = 46.38, p < .001) and depression (F(2,1028) = 39.81, p < .001), and highest in self-esteem (F(2,1018) = 29.81, p < .001). Only self-reported stress and self-reported self-esteem predicted quitting. Higher reported stress levels were related to a slightly lower likelihood of quitting (OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.92, 0.98, p = .003) and higher reported self-esteem predicted a slightly higher likelihood of quitting (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.02, 1.08, p = .001).
Conclusions: Findings may lead to improved intervention programs and reduction of adverse health effects in children attributable to prenatal smoking. More research should be conducted on smoking cessation in rural pregnant women.
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Hussein, Fatmaelzahraa. "The Role of Cultural Memory in Achieving Psychosocial Well-being in Historic Urban Landscape Conservation." Thesis, Curtin University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/82667.
Full textAbstract:
This research aimed to study the role of cultural memory in achieving psychosocial well-being in Historical Urban Landscape (HUL) conservation. This was achieved by studying several case studies in Alexandria, Egypt. The study adopted the grounded theory qualitative approach. This PhD contributes towards understanding the intangible, psychosocial effect of cultural memory in realising well-being in historic landscapes. The output from this study can be used as a case model to improve future HUL conservation plans.
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Nordenmark, Mikael. "Unemployment, employment commitment and well-being : the psychosocial meaning of (un)employment among women and men." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-94097.
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Benedict, Catherine. "Emotional Well-being in Men With Prostate Cancer: Effects of a Psychosocial Intervention Using Growth Mixture Modeling." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/57.
Full textAbstract:
Prostate Cancer (PC) is associated with disease- and treatment-related side effects that can compromise quality of life (QoL). Psychosocial interventions designed to improve adjustment and quality of life (QoL) for post-treatment PC patients have been conducted with mixed results. Intervention effects are typically analyzed using either mean difference scores or a single estimate of growth parameters (e.g., intercept and slope factors) across groups. These methods assume homogeneity within groups. Evidence suggests, however, considerable variability both in the experience of disease-specific outcomes and in the long-term adjustment and emotional well-being of men with PC. The present study used growth mixture modeling (GMM) to explore the effects of a cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) intervention on emotional well-being among men recently treated for localized PC. This methodology allowed examination of intervention effects across unobserved subgroups characterized by different trajectories of emotional well-being and identified factors associated with intervention efficacy.
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Igreja, Isabel. "Psychosocial variables as predictors of psychological distress and well-being in gay men with HIV and AIDS." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ29964.pdf.
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Van, Rooy Sinette Gertruida. "Validation of a scale to measure psychosocial well-being in an African context / Sinette G. van Rooy." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1902.
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Igreja, Isabel. "Psychosocial variables as predictors of psychological distress and well-being in gay men with HIV and AIDS." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42059.
Full textAbstract:
The present study examined psychosocial variables as predictors of psychological distress and well-being in gay men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The psychosocial variables investigated included communal and agentic personality variables, social support, as well as social hindrance, and self-determination variables. The total sample comprised 126 gay men. Forty-eight were seropositive for the HIV infection, 40 received a diagnosis of AIDS, and 38 were seronegative for the HIV infection. The participants with HIV and AIDS were recruited from Immunodeficiency clinics and the HIV$-$ participants were friends and acquaintances of the HIV+ and AIDS participants. The three groups of participants completed questionnaires assessing stable personality traits such as dependency and self-criticism, intimacy, affiliation, achievement, and power strivings, perceived and received social support, social hindrance of personal strivings, and levels of self-determination such as introjective and identified striving motivation.Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to assess the predictive utility of each independent variable in predicting psychological distress and well-being. Perceived social support, striving intimacy, and striving achievement were found to be negatively associated with distress and positively associated with well-being across the three groups. Dependency, self-criticism, social hindrance, social hindrance of striving power, and introjective striving motivation were positively associated with distress and negatively with well-being. When all significant independent variables were entered in a regression analysis and simultaneously predicted the outcome variables, perceived social support, self-criticism and social hindrance of strivings significantly predicted psychological distress, and perceived social support, self-criticism, identified and introjective striving motivation predicted psychological well-being. Several independent variables were stronger predictors of distress in the HIV+ group than in the AIDS group: striving power, social hindrance of striving power, dependency, and perceived social support. Results suggest that the HIV+ group is distinct psychologically from the AIDS group. The self-concept theory and the cognitive adaptation theory were discussed in order to explain these group differences. The findings of the present study highlight the important impact psychosocial variables can have on the psychological adjustment of gay men with HIV and AIDS.
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Dinh, Khanh T. "Predictors of psychosocial well-being in an Asian American sample : acculturation, intergenerational conflict, and parent-child relationships /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9022.
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Maujean, Francoise Annick. "An Investigation of the Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Well-Being in Stroke Survivors." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365532.
Full textAbstract:
Strokes can have devastating effects on the everyday functioning and well-being of afflicted individuals. A key factor that may influence outcome following a stroke is the level of self-efficacy that stroke survivors have in their ability to function in daily life. The present research was designed to address this proposition by exploring the relationship between self-efficacy in psychological, social, and instrumental aspects of daily living and the well-being of stroke survivors. The initial phase of the research (Studies 1 to 3) involved the construction and validation of a measure of self-efficacy in daily living that comprised two subscales, one of self-efficacy in psychosocial functioning and the other of self-efficacy in activities of daily living. Using this measure, Study 4 then explored the association between self-efficacy and the three components of well-being (life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect) in a group of stroke survivors (n = 80). Results revealed that self-efficacy in psychosocial functioning was related to all components of well-being, even when relevant demographic variables and level of physical functioning were controlled. Further analysis revealed that this relationship persisted when a proxy for actual performance in daily tasks was entered as a possible mediator. In brief, higher levels of self-efficacy in the ability to perform daily tasks in the psychosocial domain predicted higher levels of well-being. In contrast, self-efficacy in activities of daily living was only related to positive affect and was not associated with negative affect nor was it related to life satisfaction once physical functioning and relevant demographic variables were controlled. Interestingly, socio-economic status was unrelated to positive affect but was moderately to highly correlated with life satisfaction (r = .38) and negative affect (r = -.76) suggesting that the detrimental impact of limited financial resources on the life satisfaction and negative affectivity of stroke survivors may have eroded any possible beneficial effects of self-efficacy in performing the instrumental activities of daily living.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical Psychology (PhD ClinPsych)
School of Psychology
Griffith Health
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Vanherweg, Clara Therese Louise. "AN EXPLORATORY INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF DRAGON BOATING ON THE PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING OF FEMALE CANCER SURVIVORS." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/627.
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The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine the effects of dragon boat participation on the psychosocial well-being of female cancer survivors over time and compared with the population-based norms. Nine female cancer survivors belonging to the dragon boat team, SurvivOars, participated in the initial measurement process. The measurement packet was 21 page compilation of psychosocial questionnaires capturing demographics, quality of life, moods, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, self-esteem, self-efficacy, social support, physical activity levels, body image, and sedentary behaviors. After 8 weeks, 8 subjects completed the same follow-up questionnaire to assess changes in psychosocial variables over time. Scores were also compared to population-based norms from previous studies of similar groups of cancer survivors who did not participate in dragon boating. Results indicated no significant changes in psychosocial scores over the 8-week period. However, compared with population norms, significantly better psychosocial functioning was found in the dragon boating survivors compared with non-dragon boating survivors in quality of life, mood, self-esteem, perceived stress, body image, and depressive symptoms (p<0.05). These findings suggest dragon boat participation among female cancer survivors may be beneficial to their quality of life and psychosocial well-being after disease.
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Miller, Seraphine Shen 1977. "Materialism and psychosocial maladjustment: What accounts for the relation?" Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10233.
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xiv, 144 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.This dissertation examined what may account for materialism's relations with psychosocial maladjustment (PM). Materialism is a multi-faceted construct that may differentially involve behavioral tendencies or beliefs and values. Facets of materialism involving beliefs/values are embedded in Unmitigated Self-Interest (USI), a multi-faceted worldview orientation broader than materialism. Study 1 explored whether facets of materialism had distinct patterns of correlations with different aspects of PM and whether relations between facets of materialism and aspects of PM are restricted to facets of materialism alone or are due to broader effects of USI. Study 2 examined whether facet(s) of USI beyond materialist beliefs/values were also associated with PM. Study 3 used longitudinal analyses to examine temporal relations among materialism, USI, and various aspects of PM, examining whether facets of materialism or/and USI were antecedents and/or consequents of PM. In Study 1, undergraduate participants ( n = 839) completed measures of USI, PM indicators, and seven facets of materialism. Multiple regressions indicated that each facet of materialism demonstrated a distinct pattern of correlations with aspects of PM, suggesting that it is useful to treat each facet as a separate construct. Hierarchical regressions indicated that beyond materialist beliefs/values, USI uniquely contributed to PM. In Study 2, members of a community sample ( n =610) completed a 13-facet USI scale and various PM indicators. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that beyond materialist beliefs/values, Machiavellianism and hedonism were likely to be associated with PM. In Study 3, members of a community sample ( n =610) completed measures of facets of materialism, USI, and PM indicators at two time points. Results indicated that relations between materialism and PM are generally bi-directional. However, somewhat more support existed for materialism as antecedent to rather than consequent of PM. Moreover, relations between materialist values/beliefs as the antecedent and PM as the consequent appeared to be partially accounted for by USI. which contributed additional predictiveness of PM. Furthermore, relations between USI and PM appeared to be unidirectional: USI was found to be the antecedent rather than the consequent of PM. Implications for future research are discussed.
Committee in charge: Gerard Saucier, Chairperson, Psychology; Holly Arrow, Member, Psychology; Warren Holmes, Member, Psychology; Lynn Kahle, Outside Member, Marketing
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Eliasson, Johanna, and Mats Frånberg. "EXPLORING ATHLETES’ PSYCHOSOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON THRIVING IN SPORT." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148857.
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This study examined coach-athlete attachment as a contextual enabler for thriving (hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, and subjective performance) in sports, and the mediating effect of basic psychological needs satisfaction between coach-athlete attachment and thriving in sports. A total of 131 Swedish athletes from organized teams and individual sports were recruited (78% women, 22% men, ages between 15-41, M = 18.99, SD = 4.31). An online survey was used to collect data. Results indicated that the sample perceived their coach to fulfil basic attachment functions indicating that the coach can be seen as a context specific attachment figure. Mediation analysis revealed that insecure coach-athlete attachment was negatively associated with well-being. Anxious coach-athlete attachment was negatively associated with subjective performance. Secure coach-athlete attachment was found to be positively associated with well-being. Basic psychological needs generally mediated the association between attachment styles and thriving. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of further examination of coach-athlete attachment and the coaches’ role in supporting athletes’ basic psychological needs in order for them to thrive.Denna studie undersökte anknytningsstil mellan coacher och idrottare som en kontextuell, möjliggörande aspekt i relation till ”thriving” (att frodas). Vidare undersöktes huruvida grundläggande psykologiska behov hade en medlade effekt mellan idrottarnas anknytningsstil till coachen och ”thriving”. Totalt 131 svenska idrottare från lagsporter och individuella idrotter rekryterades (78% kvinnor, 22% män i åldrarna 15–41, M = 18.99, SD = 4.31). En onlineenkät användes för att samla in data. Resultatet indikerar att urvalet upplevde att coacherna uppfyllde grundläggande anknytningsfunktion vilket indikerar att coachen kan ses som en kontextspecifik anknytningsperson. Mediationsanalyser visade att otrygg anknytning till coachen var negativt associerat till välmående. Otrygg-ambivalent anknytning till coachen associerade negativt till upplevd prestation. Trygg anknytning till coachen var positivt associerat till välmående. Grundläggande psykologiska behov medlade generellt associationerna mellan anknytningsstilar till coachen och ”thriving”. Sammantaget belyser resultaten vikten av vidare undersökning av anknytning mellan coach och idrottare och coachernas roll i att hjälpa idrottare att både må bra och prestera.
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Skeen, Sarah Ann. "Children affected by HIV/AIDS attending programmes to improve psychosocial well-being: current status and pathways to effective interventions." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27529.
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The HIV/AIDS pandemic has a substantial impact on children across the globe and particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Across sub-Saharan Africa, there are a number of organisations and programmes providing care and support to children affected by HIV/AIDS. However, this strong programmatic focus on mitigating the impact of HIV/AIDS on children at community level has not been matched with concomitant research investment into the needs of children who attend these programmes at these organisations, their health and development, how these organisations work, and whether they are effective. This thesis attempts to address this gap by reporting on three separate analyses of data from the Child Community Care study in South Africa and Malawi, and a systematic review on interventions to improve psychosocial wellbeing of this group. The first analysis describes developmental outcomes of children affected by HIV/AIDS attending community-based programmes and the types of services these children are receiving. The second analysis reports on the mental health of carers of children affected by HIV. In the third analysis I report on the relationship between different forms of violence and mental health status among children affected by HIV/AIDS in the sample. The fourth part is a systematic review of interventions developed to improve the psychosocial well-being of children affected by HIV/AIDS, published between January 2008 and February 2016. The results of these studies highlight the complex needs of children affected by HIV/AIDS attending these organisations. CBOs are reaching a vulnerable group of children and their families, and are well-placed to intervene with this population. There are promising models of interventions available, although the evidence base remains small. Caregivers should not be neglected in programming; parenting programmes provide a potential mechanism for delivering integrated interventions that address multiple risk factors for caregiver and child wellbeing. Mental health, particularly of caregivers, should be explicitly addressed as a part of CBO programming. However, funding for programming needs to be implemented with opportunities for training and supervision. In addition, there is a need for increased partnerships between practitioners and researchers in order to evaluate existing programmes and to design evaluation studies that suit community settings, and that can feed into the growing evidence base.
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Fredhoi, C. "The importance of positive and negative well-being in older people : associations with psychosocial factors, cortisol and cognitive performance." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2015. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/9961x/the-importance-of-positive-and-negative-well-being-in-older-people-associations-with-psychosocial-factors-cortisol-and-cognitive-performance.
Full textAbstract:
During the past decades, studies have attempted to define predictive factors that are associated with successful ageing. The extent to which positive and negative well-being, as two independent dimensions (Huppert and Whittington, 2003), are related to ageing is examined in this research. The first aim was to confirm the independence of positive and negative well-being, secondly, to establish if demographic and psychosocial factors, a biomarker of health (cortisol) and cognitive functioning are associated with positive and negative well-being and thirdly, to determine if associations found would remain stable or change over a three-year period. Fifty older adults (aged 59-91, mean=74, SD±7, 34 females) participated at Time 1 and 75% of the participants (n=37, aged 63-87, mean=74, SD±6, 25 females) participated at Time 2. Demographical and psychosocial data were collected at an initial home visit, followed by two diurnal cycles of cortisol collections (8 samples per day) and cognitive assessment at a second visit. Four well-being quadrants (LowPos/LowNeg, LowPos/HighNeg,HighPos/LowNeg and HighPos/HighNeg) were found, supporting the theory that positive and negative well-being are two relatively independent domains. There was a significant main effect of negative well-being on health, quality of life and social support while positive well-being had no effect. There was also a main effect of positive well-being on successful ageing and spirituality while negative well-being had no effect. Results of the overall cortisol concentrations revealed an interaction between dimensions of well-being. The HighPos/LowNeg participants had significantly lower post-awakening cortisol compared to the rest of the group. Cognitive performance was inversely correlated with age for those who scored low on positive well-being and on those who scored high on the negative well-being, suggesting that those who reported high positive well-being and low negative well-being were likely to experience better age-related cognitive function. There was no change in positive and negative well-being over a three-year period. Despite this, participants reported worse health and less social support. The results from the cortisol data indicated a reduced dynamic of the awakening cortisol response over the 3-year period but suggested that patterns of cortisol secretion remained largely consistent over time, regardless of changes in psychosocial factors. This work has replicated and extended previous findings on positive and negative well-being, as measured by the GHQ-30, and developed our understanding of how and to what extent positive and negative well-being can be said to function as two relatively independent domains. This thesis has further demonstrated the utility of including a variety of factors, such as psychosocial, cortisol and cognitive performance in order to measure determinants of successful ageing.
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Malebo, Motloi Andrew. "Sport participation, psychological well-being and psycho-social development in a group of young black adults / Andrew Malebo." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2398.
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McNamara, Rachel. "Combined and selective effects of environmental and psychosocial workplace hazards : associations with health and well-being in public sector employees." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2008. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54476/.
Full textAbstract:
Associations between occupational stressors and poor health are well-documented. However, research to date has focused on individual stressors or single job stress models and associations with a limited set of health outcomes. The main aims of this thesis were to investigate combined and selective associations between varied sources of occupational stressors (environmental and psychosocial) and a range of health outcomes in public sector employees. Data were obtained from two cross-sectional surveys of public sector employees (n=1090 and 870). Key sources of potential stress examined were: demands, control, support, efforts, rewards, unfavourable working patterns (long hours, shift work), physical hazards (noise, harmful substances), organisational culture, role stressors (conflict, ambiguity), interpersonal relationships (Leader-Member and Team-Member Exchange) and workplace bullying. Key health outcomes comprised work-related stress, clinical anxiety and depression, lifetime, 12-month and acute symptom prevalence and use of prescribed medication within the last 12 months and 14 days. Analyses were carried out using logistic regression. Results indicate that stressors explain more variance in health outcomes when studied in combination. Cumulative exposure to stressors was measured by a composite additive score derived from traditional job stress models (Demand-Control-Support, Effort-Reward Imbalance) and items assessing working hours/physical hazards, and was associated with an increased likelihood of reporting the majority of key health outcomes. The addition of novel stressors to the composite score (e.g. role, interpersonal relationships, culture) did not explain additional variance with the exception of workplace bullying. For some outcomes (work-related stress) associations with stressors were linear for others (clinical depression), only very high levels of exposure were associated with a negative outcome (i.e. a 'threshold' effect). These different patterns of effect are suggestive of selective, as well as cumulative relationships: certain health outcomes are associated with particular risk factors. Limitations, directions for future research and stress management and policy implications are discussed.