Academic literature on the topic 'Psychosocial support functions'
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Journal articles on the topic "Psychosocial support functions"
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Schockett, Melanie R., and Marilyn Haring-Hidore. "Factor Analytic Support for Psychosocial and Vocational Mentoring Functions." Psychological Reports 57, no. 2 (October 1985): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.57.2.627.
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Eight 50-word vignettes which portrayed either psychosocial or vocational mentoring functions were presented to 144 college students who rated the desirability of each function on a scale of 1 to 7. A principal axis factor analysis with oblique rotation yielded two factors, one on which the psychosocial functions loaded more heavily (and which accounted for 33.4% of the variance) and one on which the vocational functions loaded more heavily (and which accounted for an additional 5.9% of the variance). The results may help researchers formulate different questions about mentoring than the basic questions which have guided prior work.
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Mariño García, Luisa, and Jordan S. Potash. "Art Therapy as Psychosocial Support for FARC Reincorporation." Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 14, no. 2 (May 21, 2019): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1542316619842046.
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Psychosocial support programmes are an intrinsic part of a sustainable and successful social reincorporation of ex-combatants in post-conflict situations. Following the end of Colombia’s 50-year civil war, people who were formerly part of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) are currently living in designated spaces for reincorporation into society. This project aimed to identify how the field of art therapy can help advance existing initiatives of psychosocial support and reincorporation. An art therapist collaborated with local treatment providers on a short-term project with former FARC families and individuals. Based on the participants’ narratives and artwork, as well as the art therapist’s observations and field notes, this project identified four functions for art therapy: (1) facilitating communication amongst community members, (2) preserving memories of personal and historical relevance, (3) promoting acceptance, and (4) promoting artistic expression for self-reflection. The findings outline a viable course of action for future art therapists by exemplifying psychosocial supports to individuals, families, communities, and society in reincorporation processes. Open dialogue with community members and on-site service providers is crucial to ensuring art therapy is both adaptive and responsive to changing needs.
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Decker, Thomas W., and Barbara B. Decker. "Effects of Multiple Sclerosis on Physical and Psychosocial Functioning." Perceptual and Motor Skills 79, no. 2 (October 1994): 753–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.2.753.
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Significant impairment was measured across the board in the physical, psychosocial, and daily living functions of 24 multiple sclerosis patients. These findings support the need of MS patients for a comprehensive, multidisciplinary treatment approach to all areas affected by MS.
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Quinlan, Elly, Trevor Crowe, Frank P. Deane, and Meredith Whittington. "Functions of peer mentoring, satisfaction and the “real” relationship in postgraduate psychology education." International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education 8, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmce-06-2018-0033.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how a peer mentoring relationship may support provisional psychologists engaged in postgraduate education in Australia. The theoretical lens for this study draws from the real relationship framework and significant events literature. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative and qualitative data were obtained via a web survey from a sample of 23 mentors and 41 mentees. Participants had engaged in a one-year peer mentoring program on a volunteer basis. The survey contained measures of functions of mentoring, perceived genuineness and realism in the relationship, and overall satisfaction with peer mentoring. Participants also provided accounts of helpful events, hindering events and open feedback. Findings Perceived satisfaction was significantly correlated with greater genuineness and realism in the relationship. Satisfaction was associated with psychosocial and clinical functions of mentoring for both mentors and mentees, and career functions for mentees only. Qualitative findings indicated that the most helpful events included psychosocial support, mutual understanding and skill development. The most frequent hindering events were logistics/time, lack of structure and mentor technique/activity. Practical implications Peer mentors show great promise for supporting provisional psychologists. Recommendations for higher education providers include providing peer mentors with guidance regarding the importance of psychosocial support, clinical skill development and creating genuine and real relationships. Peer mentor training would also benefit from the inclusion of career development strategies and psychoeducation on transference. Originality/value This study is the first to apply the real relationship framework and significant events analysis to the psychology peer mentoring context.
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Möhlen, Heike, Peter Parzer, Franz Resch, and Romuald Brunner. "Psychosocial Support for War-Traumatized Child and Adolescent Refugees: Evaluation of a Short-Term Treatment Program." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 1-2 (January 2005): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01513.x.
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a newly designed psychosocial treatment program for war traumatized child and adolescent refugees. The program was designed to reduce emotional distress and improve psychosocial functioning. Method: Ten young Kosovan refugees (mean age 13.3 years) residing in Germany participated in the manual based intervention program. This multimodal program consists of individual, family and group sessions using a psychoeducational approach beside trauma and grief focusing activities, creative techniques and relaxation. Kind and severity of traumatic experiences were gathered by interviewing the child and their caretakers using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Psychiatric diagnoses (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children, K-SADS) were assessed prior to the intervention. Post-traumatic symptomatology (HTQ), emotional problems (Diagnostic System for Psychological Disorders, DYSIPS) and the overall psychosocial functioning (Child Global Assessment Scale, CGAS) were assessed before and after the 12-week intervention. Results: Following the intervention the degree of overall psychosocial functioning increased substantially in 9 of 10 participants. Furthermore, post-traumatic, anxiety and depressive symptoms were reduced significantly. The rate of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnoses fell from 60% to 30%. The number of patients with PTSD and a high rate of comorbid symptoms (depression and anxiety) as well as a history of severe traumatization remained at 30%. Conclusions: This study suggests that the psychosocial treatment program specified for war traumatized adolescents may be useful for the relief of psychiatric sequelae and for an improvement in overall psychosocial functions, but not for the subgroup of severely traumatized patients with complex psychiatric disturbances.
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Xu, Hanzhang, Bei Wu, and Man Guo. "PSYCHOSOCIAL RESILIENCE, FAMILY SUPPORT, AND COGNITIVE STATUS: FROM EVIDENCE TO ACTION." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.067.
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Abstract Increasing evidence suggests the important role of social connections and family support in maintaining optimal cognitive status among older adults. This symposium includes four studies from China and the U.S with a focus on generating actionable evidence to inform the development of strategies that target psychosocial resilience and family support to promote cognitive health. Using data from the 2006, 2010, and 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study, the first study assessed the impact of social isolation on cognitive function, and how sleep disturbance mediated the association on cognitive decline. The study findings suggest addressing sleep disturbance might be a viable way to mitigate the negative effect of social isolation on cognitive function. Companion piece includes another HRS-based study that assessed the impact of loneliness on psychological resilience and cognitive health in later life. Findings from this study show loneliness is indirectly associated with baseline cognitive status and accelerated cognitive decline through deteriorating phycological resources. The third study used a prospective longitudinal design and applied group-based trajectory modeling to identify distinct family functions among 170 Chinese stroke survivors. Four family function trajectories were identified; healthy and stable family function was associated with better cognition and quality of life. Lastly, the fourth study aimed to use an experienced-based co-design approach to develop a cognitive training intervention to promote cognitive health in older Chinese immigrants in the U.S. This approach allows researchers to engage end-users early and to optimize the development of a culturally and linguistically relevant cognitive training intervention.
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Nigam, Richa, and Bhoomika R. Kar. "Cognitive Ageing in Developing Societies: An Overview and a Cross-sectional Study on Young, Middle-aged and Older Adults in the Indian Context." Psychology and Developing Societies 32, no. 2 (August 5, 2020): 278–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971333620937511.
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Cognitive ageing in developing societies is marked with psychosocial issues such as education, occupation, lifestyle, social support, social interaction and exclusion that may affect cognitive–affective–behavioural changes with ageing. We also present a study based on cognitive profiling of young (N = 79), middle-aged (N = 54) and older adults (N = 43) in India, which examined learning and memory for verbal and visuospatial information, overall cognitive functions, subjective complaints about cognitive difficulties, neuropsychiatric problems, anxiety and emotion regulation. The study shows cognitive changes compared to young and comparable rate of learning and retrieval among middle-aged and older adults for verbal and visuospatial material, correlated with general cognitive ability. The subjective complaints were not correlated with the objective measures of cognitive functions, highlighting the importance of both to show early cognitive changes. The relationship between cognitive functions and emotion regulation or behavioural/emotional changes was observed for young and middle-aged adults but not for older adults. Findings are discussed in the context of the lifespan perspective of cognitive ageing, cognitive reserve, psychosocial environment and social–emotional selectivity theory.
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Hamid, Abdurrahman, and Agnita Utami. "The level of knowledge, attitudes and family skills in caring elderly in psychosocial function." Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2019): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25311/keskom.vol5.iss3.432.
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Abstract
A healthy older adult life cannot be achieved alone by the older adult , but also requires the involvement of family members. Achieving optimal quality of life in the older adult must be supported by psychosocial care. Family members help the older adult meet their needs in achieving optimal quality of life. The purpose of this research is to help to provide an overview of family knowledge, attitudes and skills in caring for the psychosocial older adult . In this case the psychosocial function is memory, intellectual function, orientation of time and place. The sample in this study amounted to 30 families with a purposive sampling method. Data collection using the instrument in the form of a questionnaire and using the method of interviews and direct observation of families who have older adult family members. The results of the study revealed that the level of knowledge and skills was largely low, and family attitudes in caring for the older adult were high. This shows that families with the older adult still need an increase in knowledge about the care of psychotic functions, and an increase in knowledge will also have an impact on improving attitudes and skills in caring for the older adult by family members. This research can be a reference to determine the form of activities that support the improvement of psychosocial functions of the older adult .
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Mubarrok, Alik Septian, and Fitri Firranda Nurmalisyah. "Experiences of Diabetic Vulnerability Community in Health Protocol Compliance During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Babali Nursing Research 3, no. 2 (July 31, 2022): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37363/bnr.2022.3281.
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Introduction: Compliance with health protocols in the community including the Diabetic Vulnerable Group is one step to prevent the transmission of COVID-19, but the decline in physical and psychosocial functions in the Diabetic Vulnerable Group can be an obstacle for the Diabetic Vulnerable Group in implementing health protocols. This study aims to explore the experience of the Diabetic Vulnerable Group in implementing health protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A qualitative research conducted in Jatiduwur, Jombang, East Java, by conducting In-Depth interviews on 10 Diabetic Vulnerable Groups as main informants and 2 supporting informants, Ponkesdes Nurses and Midwives.
Results: There are 3 themes that can be concluded from this study, namely 1) Description of various experiences of the Diabetic Vulnerable Group in implementing health protocols (uncomfortable using masks, uncomfortable washing hands frequently, keeping distance is not a problem and often forgetting to apply health protocols); 2) Motivation of the Diabetic Vulnerable Group in implementing health protocols (for health, so that the pandemic will pass quickly and government regulations compliance) and 3) Support for the Diabetic Vulnerable Group in implementing health protocols (family support and social support).
Conclusion: The various experiences felt by the Diabetic Vulnerable Group in implementing health protocols are an illustration of a decrease in physical and psychosocial functions but the Diabetic Vulnerable Group remains motivated because they follow government recommendations and there is good support from families, from fellow Diabetic Vulnerable Groups and from other parties Village government.
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Alexander, Bruce K. "The Empirical and Theoretical Bases for an Adaptive Model of Addiction." Journal of Drug Issues 20, no. 1 (January 1990): 37–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269002000103.
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There is substantial scientific support for an adaptive model of addiction. Research reviewed in this article supports the adaptive model's assertions that failure of psychosocial integration precedes addiction; that addiction serves a number of adaptive functions; that addictive behavior is not “out of control”; that drug use generally fits the predictions of coping theory; that addictions are often transitory; that the “lessor evil” assumption of the adaptive model is compatible with current theory; that addictions are often interchangeable; and that the term “adaptive” is defined precisely in the adaptive model. The extensive support for an adaptive model of addiction, in conjunction with the wealth of recent evidence against a disease model of addiction, suggests that a major reformulation of theory about drugs and addiction is underway in the scholarly community.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Psychosocial support functions"
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Rodrigue, Mary. "Assessing the Psychosocial Needs of Individuals Diagnosed with Cancer, by Age and Sex on Interest in Support Group Attendance." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1276.
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There are several psychosocial factors that can affect an individual diagnosed with cancer (Holland, 2003), and directly addressing these issues with patients is important for their overall care and quality of life (Holland, 1998). The practice of psycho-oncology has been designed to assess these psychosocial issues with patients and their caregivers by means of outlets such as support groups to facilitate a wellness model of care (Myers & Sweeney, 2008). Using the demographics of age and sex, I plan to analyze and identify what psychosocial needs are significant to individuals diagnosed with cancer, and compare the sex and age of two significantly represented patient age groups 18-40 and 41-80 years old. I will survey the patients of Tulane Cancer Center in New Orleans, Louisiana when they arrive for medical treatment at the facility. The survey will include a demographic page, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G (Version 4), the Body Image Scale (BIS), the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-Short Form (CSFQ-14), and additional questions regarding the extent to which an individual would attend a support group designed for their specific age and sex demographic. Through data analysis, I hope to discover whether any of the variables of body image, sexual functioning, physical well being, social/family well being, emotional well being, and functional well being show significant differences between the male or female young adult population of 18-40 year olds and those patients who are 41-80 years old. The findings should allow psycho-oncology clinicians to utilize this knowledge to address what psychosocial needs are appropriate for each age and sex group, and thus enhance the overall care of the patient.
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Challis, Nicholas. "The use of support groups in the treatment of cancer : an interactional approach." Diss., 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16390.
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This study addresses the importance of studies of human psychoneuroimmunology in understanding the role of psychological factors in cancer. Research trends in psychosocial aspects of cancer are reviewed, exploring the role of distress and the support group as an intervention which potentially reduces distress through enhancing
interpersonal relationships, emotional adjustment and communication with health professionals, in these ways helping the patient to cope with the symptoms of treatment. In South Africa, most hospitals which treat cancer patients medically do not simultaneously have support groups for the newly diagnosed patient to join in order to
discuss immediate fears and acquire more knowledge about their particular disease. Following an experimental cancer support group involving patients who had recently undergone a bone marrow transplant (some considerable time after their first cancer diagnosis) in Cape Town's Groote Schuur Hospital, the researcher, as one of the participants in the fortnightly meetings convened to dicuss psychosocial issues related to each patient's experience of the cancer and transplant process, transferred the themes, concepts and questions that arose in that scenario, to a cancer clinic in Pretoria where recently diagnosed patients were asked to volunteer to participate in such a group. It was felt that these patients would derive some benefit early in their treatment programme. Psychosocial concerns are left to the individual patient to seek therapy should it be required. Presently, it is reported in the body of knowledge about cancer, that interventions aimed at alleviating the psychosocial distress of cancer patients highlight hypnosis, guided imagery and relaxation therapy. It is contended that a more appropriate intervention for the majority of people with cancer in South Africa
would entail a fellow-patient support group meeting on a regular basis.Psychology
(M.A. (Psychology)
Books on the topic "Psychosocial support functions"
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Onishi, Hideki, and Mayumi Ishida. Psycho-oncology and psychosocial aspects of gynaecological cancer. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198749547.003.0010.
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Patients with gynaecological cancer encounter, everyday, various problems in their family lives, jobs, and finances, in addition to the direct effects of the cancer itself. They also face problems concerning a loss of femininity, such as those related to the menopause, their reproductive function, and sexual activity that is brought about by the effects of the disease and its management. Hence, problems are not only limited to the biological aspect of cancer, but also to its impact on psychosocial aspects, thereby increasing the level of stress in these patients. Hence, when considering the problems of patients with gynaecological cancer, its psychosocial impact, and its effect on day-to-day living should be addressed in addition to the physical aspect of the disease. Otherwise, treatment will be inadequate. Chapter 10 addresses this. Recognition of the importance of solving these psychosocial problems, which can be distressing to many patients with gynaecological cancer, and the early identification along with appropriate intervention for these problems, would aid in improving the quality-of-life of these sufferers. Furthermore, the biopsychosocial impact of the cancer extends to close family members who care for the patient, particularly the spouse/ partner, and thus increases their risk of psychosomatic disease besides malignancy. Cancer support services should include the family care-givers. Two vignettes illustrate the complex biopsychosocial issues associated with gynaecological cancer, and one depicts issues after bereavement.
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Strada, E. Alessandra. The Fourth Domain of Palliative Care. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199798551.003.0005.
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This chapter proposes palliative psychology competencies in the fourth domain of palliative care, which addresses the social needs of the patient and the family. The unit of care in palliative care is represented by the patient and the family; thus, this chapter highlights the unique needs of family caregivers. The many challenges of caregiving are described by reviewing the literature and using clinical case scenarios. The risk factors and protective factors in caregiving are discussed and incorporated in assessment templates. Psychological and psychosocial interventions that can effectively support family caregivers are discussed. The function, structure, and execution of a family meeting in the palliative care setting is described. This chapter also describes bereavement support for family caregivers and the management of complications of bereavement.
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Lulé, Dorothée, Albert C. Ludolph, and Andrea Kübler. Psychological morbidity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Depression, anxiety, hopelessness. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757726.003.0003.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a devastating condition with progressive loss of movement, speech, and respiratory function, and no available cure. Following the development of clinical symptoms and after receiving a diagnosis, patients may develop psychological morbidity, such as depression, anxiety, and hopelessness. However, many patients adjust successfully in the course of the disease and maintain good psychological well-being, so that a decline in psychological well-being does not necessarily accompany loss of physical function. There are several major determinants of good psychological adjustment to chronic and terminal disease—intrinsic factors such as coping strategies and internal locus of control, and extrinsic factors such as high (perceived and actual) social support by families and multidisciplinary professional teams. Providing care with a holistic view of the patient is probably the most effective approach to supporting patients’ psychosocial adjustment to the disease and minimizing depression, anxiety, and hopelessness.
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Martin, Jeffrey J. Intellectual Impairment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190638054.003.0043.
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Athletes with intellectual impairments (II) are starting to attract more research attention. With their reinstatement into the Paralympics, along with the Special Olympics in the United States, athletes with II are also garnering more public attention. This chapter reviews research on athletes with II, in three areas. First is the psychosocial dynamics of sport participation. For instance, it appears that many athletes with II have difficulty maintaining motivation, yet they possess task and ego-type goals like all athletes. Psychological skills for performance enhancement are then discussed. Goal setting, for example, is an excellent tool for helping athletes with their motivation. The last area covered is research on support personnel. A defining feature of athletes with II is their reduced cognitive and functional abilities, communication limitations, and slower ability to develop sport skills. Some athletes might take substantial time to learn psychological skills, whereas other athletes may pick up various skills quite readily. Similarly, coaches may need more patience for athletes whose attention wanders or are easily distracted.
Book chapters on the topic "Psychosocial support functions"
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De Guglielmo, Marilena, Giuseppina Fabbo, and Andrea Fabbo. "Relationship of Pulmonary Function Testing to Emotional and Psychosocial Factors." In Pulmonary Function Measurement in Noninvasive Ventilatory Support, 335–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76197-4_45.
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Ravi, Sunil Kumar, Anusha Chilakalapudi, Krupa Saira George, Divya P., and Shyamala K. Chengappa. "Psychosocial Perspectives of Persons With Aphasia." In Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies, 12–26. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4955-0.ch002.
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Psychosocial problems are one of the major issues seen in persons with aphasia (PWA), but the severity of these psychosocial problems vary depending upon age, socioeconomic status, nature of job pre-morbidly, family support, emotional factors, and quality of life. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) by World Health Organization in the field of communication disorders, specifically for aphasia and other neurogenic communication disorders, provided clear guidelines and information about the importance of assessment and treatment of PWA in terms of body functions and structures, activities and participation, and environmental and personal factors affecting the quality of life in these individuals. The present chapter is primarily focused on studying the psychosocial aspects in PWA, specifically the quality of life and other psychosocial disturbances in the Indian context.
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Remschmidt, Helmut, and Gerd Schulte-Körne. "Specific developmental disorders in childhood and adolescence." In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 1622–33. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0213.
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The term ‘specific developmental disorders’ includes a variety of severe and persistent difficulties in spoken language, spelling, reading, arithmetic, and motor function. Skills are substantially below the expected level in terms of chronological age, measured intelligence, and age-appropriate education and cannot be explained by any obvious neurological disorder or any specific adverse psychosocial or family circumstances. As the deficits are quite substantial, analogies were initially made to neurological concepts and disorders such as word-blindness, alexia, aphasia, and apraxia, thus giving rise to the notion that neurological deficits are the aetiological basis of these disorders. Since this could not be demonstrated, the next step was to define the disorders in a more functional way, taking into account not only psychometric testing but also psychosocial risk factors and the quality of schooling and education. Today, numerous findings support the validity of the diagnostic concept of specific developmental disorders. These disorders and pervasive developmental disorders have the following features in common (ICD-10): ♦ An onset that invariably appears during infancy or childhood. ♦ An impairment or delay in the development of functions that are strongly related to biological maturation of the central nervous system. ♦ A steady course that does not involve the remissions and relapses that tend to be characteristic of many mental disorders. Thus the term ‘specific developmental disorders’ reflects the fact that the deficits are circumscribed and relatively isolated against the background of an otherwise undisturbed psychological functioning.
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Jagota, Anita, Navya Jannu, and Suchitra Boro. "The Interplay of Biological and Socio Environmental Factors in Aging and Disorders in Women." In Handbook of Research on Multicultural Perspectives on Gender and Aging, 106–15. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4772-3.ch008.
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Aging is a biological, social, and environmental phenomenon characterized by progressive decline in all physiological functions. Age depends upon genes, social and environmental influences, and lifestyle. Although aging occurs at varying rates, it takes greater toll on gender. Beyond multiple social inequalities, women experience proportionately higher rates of chronic illness, disability, and deterioration in the body appearance leading to depression, decreased socialization resulting in sleep disorders. Therefore, onset of sleep and health disorders with aging in women were studied in variable cross sections of society with variable social structures and lifestyles. The case studies involved the field work and data collection from old age homes and individuals. The analysis of the interplay of biological, social, and environmental factors influencing sleep disorders in aging women done through such studies will help in designing policies and measures for improving economic level, social support, functional ability, psychosocial stress, loneliness, depression, and health services.
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Jagota, Anita, Navya Jannu, and Suchitra Boro. "The Interplay of Biological and Socio Environmental Factors in Aging and Disorders in Women." In Research Anthology on Supporting Healthy Aging in a Digital Society, 355–64. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5295-0.ch021.
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Aging is a biological, social, and environmental phenomenon characterized by progressive decline in all physiological functions. Age depends upon genes, social and environmental influences, and lifestyle. Although aging occurs at varying rates, it takes greater toll on gender. Beyond multiple social inequalities, women experience proportionately higher rates of chronic illness, disability, and deterioration in the body appearance leading to depression, decreased socialization resulting in sleep disorders. Therefore, onset of sleep and health disorders with aging in women were studied in variable cross sections of society with variable social structures and lifestyles. The case studies involved the field work and data collection from old age homes and individuals. The analysis of the interplay of biological, social, and environmental factors influencing sleep disorders in aging women done through such studies will help in designing policies and measures for improving economic level, social support, functional ability, psychosocial stress, loneliness, depression, and health services.
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Hoare, Rachel. "Adolescences Disrupted in Displacement: The Protective Effect of Friends as Proxy Family for Unaccompanied Adolescent Refugees Resettling in Ireland." In Adolescences [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103151.
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It has become very clear throughout my psychotherapy work with unaccompanied and separated adolescents (UASA) in Ireland, that friendships often provide a critical source of protective psychosocial support within adolescences frequently interrupted by conflict, violence and perilous journeys. Although the increasing importance of friendships in adolescence and more specifically during times of adolescent stress, is well-documented, friendships are likely to be brought into even sharper focus during unaccompanied adolescent displacement, as they typically take on functions more traditionally associated with the absent family. This qualitative exploration of the protective effect of friendships for UASA uses reflexive thematic analysis to analyse composite clinical case material and composite eco-maps to capture the lived friendship experiences of UASA. The data clearly illustrates that UASA friendships provide a safe, accepting, protective space and enabling context in which they can gain psychological and practical peer support and approval.
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Saarikallio, Suvi, and Katrina Skewes McFerran. "Musical care in adolescence." In Collaborative Insights, 70–85. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197535011.003.0004.
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This chapter addresses musical care in adolescence from the perspective of how music can support adolescents’ critical developmental needs, including emotional self-regulation and identity development. The chapter approaches music as a multifaceted resource that is available in the lives of adolescents and often naturally functions as a healthy part of their psychosocial development. In contrast, the chapter also presents the authors’ notions of music as sometimes not functioning in helpful ways in adolescents’ lives. This leads to discussion of the importance of critically evaluating the potentially helpful and unhelpful uses of music and the role of professionals in helping adolescents to gain awareness of their music engagement patterns. From a disciplinary perspective, this chapter is grounded in a dialogue between music psychology research and music therapy clinical practice and research, further integrating perspectives from music sociology, music education, and adolescent development. The authors’ interdisciplinary understanding of musical care in adolescence draws mutually from their work in scientific research and practice. After introducing the authors’ approach, the chapter elaborates on how, why, and where music functions as a healthy resource for adolescents, in terms of emotional self-regulation and development of personal and social identity. Then the chapter introduces the authors’ research on identifying potentially unhealthy patterns of music engagement and presents examples of how this research knowledge can be applied into clinical work and how professionals can guide adolescents towards improved musical care. Reaching the best possible musical care for each adolescent is a dialogical journey, supported by research and professionals, yet authored by the young themselves.
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Ujeyl, Mariam, and Wulf Rössler. "Psychosocial rehabilitation." In Landmark Papers in Psychiatry, edited by Elizabeth Ryznar, Aderonke B. Pederson, Mark A. Reinecke, and John G. Csernansky, 229–42. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198836506.003.0014.
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Psychosocial rehabilitation (synonymously referred to as psychiatric rehabilitation) is a field and service within mental health systems that shifted the treatment focus from symptom control to social inclusion by functional recovery. It aims to help individuals with severe mental illness live in the community as independently as possible. Psychosocial rehabilitation (PR) developed in the 1970s, when psychiatric reform, including the process of deinstitutionalization, had already paved the way to more responsive and balanced provision of mental health care. This chapter outlines major developments in and obstacles to the reform in European and other high-income countries. It introduces the evolving principles of PR and presents evidence on important models of care, such as assertive community treatment (ACT) and individual placement and support (IPS), that share the objectives of PR to improve integration of people with severe mental illness into the labour market and society in general.
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Dantzer, Robert, and Keith W. Kelley. "Psychoneuroimmunology." In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 205–11. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0027.
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Mind-body literature, in the form of magazines and self-help books on stress and healing, is full of definitive claims for the existence of powerful influences of emotions and psychosocial stressors on the immune system, leading to onset or progression of cancers or infectious diseases. This literature often makes explicit reference to research in psychoneuroimmunology to support these claims. Psychoneuroimmunology is a multi-disciplinary field that has grown rapidly during the last three decades at the crossroads of immunology, behavioural neurosciences, neuroendocrinology, and psychology. It studies mechanisms and functional aspects of bidirectional relationships between the brain and the immune system. Although still controversial, there is evidence that psychological events including emotions can and do influence the outcome of infectious, autoimmune, and neoplastic diseases via modulation of cells of the immune system. A surprising finding has been that immune events occurring in the periphery also affect mood, behaviour, and metabolism by modulating brain functions, thereby providing a biologically important link between the immune system and brain. The original discovery that activation of the innate immune system in the periphery causes clinical signs of sickness that are processed in the brain is now being extended to the involvement of the immune system in depressive disorders. This new information has solidified the idea that neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, neural pathways, and immune-derived signals such as cytokines are the minimal essential elements that permit the immune system and brain to communicate with one another. These new data offer the unexpected conclusion that the immune system is likely to be involved in not only how emotions affect health but also how immune events regulate the development and expression of emotions.
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Sharma, Rajesh Jay, and Jahirul Mullick. "Psychosocial Interventions for Individuals With Intellectual Disability." In Developmental Challenges and Societal Issues for Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities, 250–75. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1223-4.ch013.
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People with intellectual disabilities are prone to various challenges in relation to self-care, emotional regulation, and decision making. Sometimes due to their cognitive and adaptive skill limitations, they display challenging behavior that further impacts on their quality of life. This chapter presents the concept of applied behavior analysis (ABA) and a discussion on the principles of applied behavior analysis (ABA) in prevention and treatment of challenging behaviors of individuals with intellectual disability. Functional behavior analysis (FBA) and its stages are described with examples for the future practitioners. As ABA has a major contribution in the treatment of challenging behaviors in individuals with intellectual disability, research supported treatment strategies are presented. This chapter also explained strategies for improving the adaptive behaviors of individuals with intellectual disability.
Conference papers on the topic "Psychosocial support functions"
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Hebert, Kendra, and Lisa Best. "FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO WELL-BEING: COMPARING FUNCTIONAL SOMATIC SYMPTOM DISORDERS AND WELL-DEFINED AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact027.
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"Functional somatic symptom disorders (FSSDs) are defined by persistent and chronic bodily complaints without a pathological explanation. Mindfulness involves the focus on the present moment by noticing surroundings, thoughts, feelings, and events, being nonreactive, being non-judgemental, and self-accepting. Psychological flexibility (PF) involves a focus on the present and the prioritization of thoughts, emotions, and behaviours that align with individual values and goals (Francis et al., 2016). Although PF does not involve a mindfulness practice, the two constructs are related. Research indicates consistent reported positive associations between mindfulness, PF, psychological wellbeing, and medical symptoms. In this study, individuals with FSSDs (fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome) were compared to those with well-defined autoimmune illnesses (multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis; AD) to determine how psychosocial factors affect wellness. Participants (N = 609) were recruited from social media and online support groups and completed questionnaires to assess physical health (Chang et al., 2006), psychological wellness (Diener et al., 1985), anxiety (Spitzer et al., 2006), depression (Martin et al., 2006), psychological flexibility, (Francis et al., 2016) and mindfulness (Droutman et al., 2018]. Results indicated that having an FSSD and higher depression was associated with both lower physical and psychological wellness. Interestingly, different aspects of psychological flexibility predicted physical and psychological wellness. These results suggest that different aspects of PF are associated with better physical and psychological health. As PF is modifiable, individuals with chronic conditions could receive training that could ultimately improve their overall health."
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Hidalgo, Vanesa, Matias M. Pulopulos, Teresa Montoliu, Isabel Crespo-Sanmiguel, Mariola Zapater-Fajarí, and Alicia Salvador. "AGE DIFFERENCES IN THE ACUTE STRESS EFFECTS ON DECLARATIVE MEMORY PERFORMANCE." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact071.
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"In the last decades, there has been a growing interest in knowing the effects of acute stress on memory performance, particularly declarative memory. Research on this topic suggests that age is a crucial individual factor to consider in the stress-memory link. However, most of the evidence has been obtained from studies conducted in young people and, surprisingly, studies in older people are scarce. Thus, our aim was to investigate the age differences in the acute stress effects on declarative memory performance. To do this, we directly compared the effects of a psychosocial acute stressor (i.e. Trier Social Stress Test) on learning, consolidation and memory retrieval performance in two age groups (young: 18-35 years vs. 54- 78 years). As expected, worse memory performance was associated with age. Overall, stress did not affect learning, consolidation and memory retrieval performance in older people. However, stress caused greater interference in the older people’s memory performance than a control task, but this result was not found in young people. In addition, stress impaired retrieval performance in young men but not in older people. Our results suggest that age moderates the stress-induced effects on declarative memory. In addition, they support the idea that older people could be less sensitive to acute stress effects on memory probably due to an age-related reduction of the sensitivity and density of the glucocorticoid receptors and a decrease in the functional amygdala and hippocampus interconnectivity."
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Meade, T. W. "THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HAEMOSTATIC AND OTHER VARIABLES IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643833.
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The increase in the clinical manifestations of coronary artery disease (CAD) since the 1920s cannot be explained solely in terms of atheroma. Another major process such as thrombogenesis must also be involved. Pathological studies show that thrombosis contributes not only to myocardial infarction but to nearly all cases of sudden coronary death as well. Epidemiologically, it is the coagulation system rather than platelet function that has so far been more rewarding in attempting to identify characteristics of the haemostatic system that are associated with the subsequent risk of CAD. In particular, two clotting factors - factor VII coagulant activity, VIIc, and fibrinogen - may be involved. Factor VII has several characteristics that are required for a system to secure rapid haemostasis after injury. The question is whether an exaggeration of the physiological state of readiness implied by these features may predispose to thrombosis. There are at least four pathways through which high fibrinogen levels, however they are determined, may operate to increase the risk of CAD - involvement in atherogenesis, determination of blood and plasma viscosity, effects on platelet aggregability and an influence on the amount of fibrin formed. The prospective Northwick Park Heart Study (NPHS) has shown an association between high VIIc levels and an increased risk of CAD. NPHS and three other prospective studies have also demonstrated a clear association between high levels of plasma fibrinogen and an increased risk of CAD, this association generally being stronger than for more familiar markers of risk such as the blood cholesterol level. There may well be an interaction between fibrinogen and blood pressure, the occurrence of high levels of both increasing CAD or stroke risk to a greater extent than would be expected from the sum of their separate effects. Several pathological and clinical observations support a “hypercoagulable state” not simply as a concept but as a demonstrable abnormality in which characteristics of the circulating blood influence the course of events. These include the effects of anti-thrombotic agents (particularly oral anticoagulants) on re—infarction rates and the likelihood that high VIIc levels lead to increased levels of thrombin production. The general epidemiology of VIIc and fibrinogen is consistent with the view that high levels of each are of pathogenetic significance. Thus, increasing age, obesity, oral contraceptive usage, the occurrence of the menopause and diabetes are all associated with high levels of VIIc and fibrinogen and with an increased risk of CAD. Psychosocial influences may increase the risk of CAD through effects on the plasma fibrinogen level. There is strong evidence that dietary habit, particularly the consumption of fat, is a leading determinant of the VIIc level. A substantial proportion of the relationship between cigarette smoking and CAD is probably mediated through the plasma fibrinogen level. The most radical implication of a “hypercoagulable state” is for the pharmacological prophylaxis of CAD which, it may turn out, is better approached by anti—thrombotic measures than by the use of lipid-lowering agents.