Academic literature on the topic 'Psychosocial stre'
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Journal articles on the topic "Psychosocial stre"
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Suryani, Suryani, Efri Widianti, Taty Hernawati, and Aat Sriati. "Psikoedukasi Menurunkan Tingkat Depresi, Stres dan Kecemasan pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru." Jurnal Ners 11, no. 1 (April 27, 2016): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v11i1.1455.
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Introduction: Pulmonery Tuberculosis is a chronic pulmonary disease that affects physicallly and psychosocially for the patients . Until now, the government’s programs in overcoming this disesase still focus on treatment and prevention of infection. The programs has not yet to lead to a psychosocial problem of the patients whereas the psychosocial impact has a big influence on treatment compliance and prognosis of patients with Pulmonery Tuberculosis.Methods: This study was quassy experiment to test the effect of psychoeducation on the level of stress, anxiety and depression of Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. 74 patients with Pulmonery Tuberculosis involved in this study divided into two group (37 involved in intervention and 37 involved as control group). Results: of the study showed that psychoeducation was effective in reducing stress, anxiety and depression of the patients with Pulmonery Tuberculosis.Conclusion: Psycho education should be provided for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at the Community health Center.
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Situmorang, Setiasima BR, Veny Elita, and Bayhakki Bayhakki. "GAMBARAN STRES PSIKOSOSIAL PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI PRIMER USIA DEWASA." Coping: Community of Publishing in Nursing 10, no. 3 (June 29, 2022): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/coping.2022.v10.i03.p15.
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Adult age is a productive age that is vulnerable to various psychosocial stressors which are closely related to physical and psychological stress, causing hypertension problems. Primary hypertension in adulthood has a negative impact on physical and psychological. This study aims to determine the description of psychosocial stress in adults with primary hypertension. The method used by the researcher is quantitative with a descriptive research design carried out on 68 respondents with primary hypertension using purposive sampling technique. The measuring instrument used was a psychosocial stress questionnaire which was modified from the Holmes and Rahe Stress Inventory and DASS 42 questionnaire as well as literature review and data analysis using univariate analysis. The results showed that the majority of respondents experienced moderate psychosocial stress (52,9%). Respondents who experienced psychosocial stress based on household work with moderate psychosocial stress (53,3%). Based on physical illness, those with primary hypertension were not accompanied by other complaints with moderate psychosocial stress (54%). Based on interpersonal relationships that have close interpersonal relationships with mild psychosocial stress amounted to 52,9%. Psychosocial stress of adults with primary hypertension is in the category of moderate psychosocial stress.
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Rendra Zola, Nurul Intan, Fathra Annis Nauli, and Gamya Tri Utami. "Gambaran Stres Psikososial dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya Pada Remaja." JKEP 6, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32668/jkep.v6i1.406.
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Teenagers are a transition from children to adults who have a lot of changes,it causes teens to experience psychological stress. The factors that influence psychosocial stress are living conditions, school environment, family economic status, relationships with others, unplanned events and habits. This study aim to determine the description of psychosocial stress and the factors that influence it in students at SMAN 8 Pekanbaru. The total respondents were 101 respondents using accidental sampling.. The measuring instrument used was a questionnaire from Holmes and Rahe and analyzed using univariate.. The results showed that the majority of respondents experienced moderate psychosocial stress (47.5%). Respondents who experienced the condition of the living environment factors were 51.5%, the state of the school environmental factors were 50.5%, family economic status factors were 37.6%, relationship factors with other people were 49.5%, unplanned incidence factors were as many as 31,7% and habit 2,% showed psychosocial stress. The researcher concluded that the majority of respondents experienced moderate psychosocial stress with the most influencing factor is the state of the environment in which they live. This research recommends adolescents to add information and add insight about psychosocial stress and the factors that influence it and can prevent it.
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Jarczak, Joanna, Henryk Noga, and Zbigniew Małodobry. "Stress as a psychosocial threat in the work of a policeman." Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Technika, Informatyka, Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa 6 (2018): 433–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/tiib.2018.06.31.
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Kusuma, Mutiara Tirta Prabandari Lintang, Ronny Tri Wirasto, and Emy Huriyati. "Status stres psikososial dan hubungannya dengan status gizi siswa SMP Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta." Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 6, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17722.
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Background: Adolescent is a transition phase from childhood to adulthood that marked by the change on physical, mental and psychosocial aspect. Adaptation on the change that people met in their life is called psychosocial stress. Stress makes a change on food habit and a disturbance on nutrition’s absorbance. Those circumstances affect people’s nutritional status.Objectives: To identify the correlation between psychosocial stress and nutritional status among SMP Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta’s students.Methods: This study was an observational study which used a cross sectional design. It held by quantitative approach to identify the relationship between psychosocial stress and nutritional status. Subject of the study were 85 students of SMP Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta. Respondent’s identities were collected by using identity questionnaire. Psychosocial stress’s status was collected by using SRRS questionnaire (social readjustment rating scale) that was modified for adolescent. Respondent’s calories intakes were assessed by using the form food recall 3 x 24 h. Anthropometrics data collected were weight and height. The adjustment of psychosocial stress’s status used SRRS questionnaires. Calories intake were measured by using nutrition software (Fp2). Student’s nutritional status was measured by using Epi 2000 software. Relationship’s analysis among variables uses statistical test of SPSS 12.00, with the correlation or linear regression test.Result: From this study, 49.4% (42 people) have normal nutritional status, 4.7 % at under nutrition level, 25.9% at risk of obesity, and 20% obesity. From the measurement of psychosocial stress’s score, there were 61.2% (52 people) in a non-tress condition, while the other was on stress at different level. Statistical test showed that there was no relationship between psychosocial stress and nutritional status (p > 0.05).Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between psychosocial stress and nutritional status among SMP Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta’s students.
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Aström, M., K. Asplund, and T. Aström. "Psychosocial function and life satisfaction after stroke." Stroke 23, no. 4 (April 1992): 527–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.str.23.4.527.
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Szczygieł, Magdalena. "Stres w pracy nauczyciela – wybrane uwarunkowania." Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja 18, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 311–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/kse.2020.18.12.1.
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Stress aspects still remain as an existing problem, which requires further interdisciplinary studies. Considering the strong impact of chronic exposure to psychosocial stressors at a workplace in relational and incentives contexts of undertaking professional duties, those aspects gain in importance in teachers’ work. A person stays in a continuouscontact with a student, parent or another teacher, and their motivation seems to be a key aspect for the entire education process. The presented article is an attempt to capturestress indicators in a teachers’ work, as well as ways of dealing with them in a school reality. The article begins by highlighting the most important stress definitions, followed by a brief methodology of self-research. Then the author describes stressors present in teacher’s work, which were identified in empirical studies, and ways of dealing with stress used by tested teachers. The article ends with conclusions and recommendations for further representative studies.
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Pell, Charlene. "What to Do When People Stare: A Workshop to Teach Individuals With Disfiguring Conditions to Contend With Staring and Improve Control of Social Interactions." Journal of Burn Care & Research 40, no. 6 (August 23, 2019): 743–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irz117.
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Abstract Facial disfigurement due to any congenital or acquired condition is a social disability that can impede communication, contribute to awkward social interactions, and cause individuals with differences to be isolated and rejected. Yet, few interventions have been developed to address the psychosocial consequences of living with a visible difference, despite research indicating that the more visible the disfigurement is to others, the greater the social implication and challenge for the affected individual. This article reviews the impact of the “What to Do When People Stare” social and communication workshop, including its theoretical basis (drawn from anthropological research and theory pertaining to disfigurement), the phenomenon of staring, and the experience of being the target of a stare. The review highlights feedback from 46 individuals with disfiguring conditions caused by burns, dermatological conditions, and craniofacial conditions who completed a Workshop Evaluation Survey. The instructor, who has a facial difference, reviewed the science of staring, the role and influence of the media and beauty in society, myths associated with disfigurement, social and communication skills, and asked specific questions to elicit feelings and beliefs about why people stare, and how it feels to be the object of a stare. After completing the workshop, 80% of participants reported that they felt better prepared to cope with staring, and 83% reported a better understanding about the motives of staring. The workshop demonstrates the need to increase awareness of visible differences and to teach individuals with visible differences and the general public appropriate social skills for engaging with one another. The workshop’s success to date highlights the need for similar programs addressing the psychosocial communicative dimensions related to staring. Collaborations with burn centers and other nonprofit organizations that treat and assist individuals with psychosocial issues related to visible difference could strengthen content and assessment data.
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Budd, Nadine, Jayne K. Jeffries, Jessica Jones-Smith, Anna Kharmats, Ann Yelmokas McDermott, and Joel Gittelsohn. "Store-directed price promotions and communications strategies improve healthier food supply and demand: impact results from a randomized controlled, Baltimore City store-intervention trial." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 18 (February 22, 2017): 3349–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017000064.
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AbstractObjectiveSmall food store interventions show promise to increase healthy food access in under-resourced areas. However, none have tested the impact of price discounts on healthy food supply and demand. We tested the impact of store-directed price discounts and communications strategies, separately and combined, on the stocking, sales and prices of healthier foods and on storeowner psychosocial factors.DesignFactorial design randomized controlled trial.SettingTwenty-four corner stores in low-income neighbourhoods of Baltimore City, MD, USA.SubjectsStores were randomized to pricing intervention, communications intervention, combined pricing and communications intervention, or control. Stores that received the pricing intervention were given a 10–30 % price discount by wholesalers on selected healthier food items during the 6-month trial. Communications stores received visual and interactive materials to promote healthy items, including signage, taste tests and refrigerators.ResultsAll interventions showed significantly increased stock of promoted foodsv. control. There was a significant treatment effect for daily unit sales of healthy snacks (β=6·4, 95 % CI 0·9, 11·9) and prices of healthy staple foods (β=–0·49, 95 % CI –0·90, –0·03) for the combined groupv. control, but not for other intervention groups. There were no significant intervention effects on storeowner psychosocial factors.ConclusionsAll interventions led to increased stock of healthier foods. The combined intervention was effective in increasing sales of healthier snacks, even though discounts on snacks were not passed to the consumer. Experimental research in small stores is needed to understand the mechanisms by which store-directed price promotions can increase healthy food supply and demand.
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Elliya, Rahma, Marliyana Marliyana, and Yulianto Yulianto. "Stres psikososial kronis dengan kejadian hipertensi pada pekerja lapangan pabrik gula PT. Indolampung Perkasa." Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan 14, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v14i1.1609.
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Chronic psychosocial stress and hypertension among sugar cane plantation workers in Lampung, IndonesiaBackground: The background of this research is based on data obtained from the 2016 Tulang Bawang District Health Office; hypertension is one of the causes of death. In 2016 the number of deaths from hypertension in Tulang Bawang Regency was 34 cases. Based on the results of the pre-survey by researchers, it was known from 532 workers who went to the Medical Clinic at PT. Indolampung Perkasa diagnosed with hypertension as many as 168 (31.57%) people.Purpose: Knowing correlation between chronic psychosocial stress and hypertension among sugar cane plantation workers in Lampung Indonesia.Methods: Type of study was quantitative, with cross sectional design. The populations of this study were all sugar cane plantation workers at PT. Indolampung Perkasa and sample of 229 respondents. Data collection was primary, directly to respondents by distributing questionnaires. Data analysis was chi square with OR 2.637.Results: It was known from 229 respondents with hypertension, as many as 79 (34.5%) respondents were hypertensive and as many as 150 (65.5%) respondents were not hypertensive. Known from 229 respondents with stress, as many as 82 (35.8%) respondents were stressed and as many as 147 (64.2%) respondents were not stressed with (p-value 0.001; OR 2,637).Conclusion: There were correlation between chronic psychosocial stress and hypertension among sugar cane plantation workers in Lampung Indonesia.Keywords: Chronic psychosocial stress; Hypertension; Sugar cane plantation workersPendahuluan: Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Tulang Bawang tahun 2016, penyakit hipertensi menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian. Pada tahun 2016 jumlah kematian akibat hipertensi di Kabupaten Tulang Bawang sebanyak 34 kasus. Berdasarkan hasil pra survey yang dilakukan peneliti diketahui dari 532 orang pekerja yang berobat ke Medical Clinic PT. Indolampung Perkasa dengan diagnosa hipertensi sebanyak 168 (31,57%) orang.Tujuan: Diketahui hubungan stres psikososial kronis dengan kejadian hipertensi pada pekerja lapangan.Metode: Jenis penelitian kuantitatif, dengan desain / rancangan cross sectional. Populasi sebanyak 532, sampel sebanyak 229 responden. Pengumpulan data secara primer, langsung kepada responden dengan membagikan kuesioner. Analisis data secara univariat (distribusi frekuensi) dan bivariat (chi square) dengan nilai OR 2,637.Hasil: Diketahui dari 229 responden dengan hipertensi, sebanyak 79 (34,5%) responden yang hipertensi dan sebanyak 150 (65,5%) responden yang tidak hipertensi. Diketahui dari 229 responden dengan stres psikososial kronis, sebanyak 82 (35,8%) responden yang stres psikososial kronis dan sebanyak 147 (64,2%) responden yang tidak stres psikososial kronis dengan (p-value 0,001 ; OR 2,637).Simpulan: Ada hubungan stres psikososial kronis dengan kejadian hipertensi pada pekerja lapangan.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Psychosocial stre"
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LONGARETTI, ALESSANDRA. "EPIGENETIC HOMEOSTATIC MECHANISM IN NEURONAL ADAPTATION AND METAPLASTICITY TO ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/796757.
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It is widely known that environmental stress represents a driving factor for the onset of mental illnesses, common multifactorial disorders that cause a strong deterioration of the quality of life. Upon a stressful event the glutamatergic system is strongly engaged in many brain areas, in particular the hippocampus. Upon acute stress, glutamatergic transmission is boosted in order to promptly respond to the incoming threat and to allow the consolidation of stressful memories to respond to similar future events. However, thanks to homeostatic synaptic plasticity mechanisms devoted to stress coping, no long-term stress-related negative consequences occur. A different scenario is represented by chronic stress. Upon continuous unpredictable series of stresses glutamatergic transmission is altered, since stress-coping mechanisms might fail. This could result, in vulnerable individuals, in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders.
The aim of my PhD work was to investigate the function of the epigenetic corepressor LSD1 and of its brain-specific dominant negative isoform neuroLSD1 in the transcriptional mechanisms underlying neuronal plasticity and affecting complex emotional and cognitive behaviors. In particular, I focused on the role of these enzymes in stress response, a process that entails memorization of the traumatic event but that, at the same time, requires homeostatic mechanisms to avoid a too vivid memorization of the stressful event. We hypothesize that the modulation of the ratio of LSD1 isoforms that occurs upon psychosocial stress is implicated in this homeostasis, with the aim of buffering stress response and the consequent memory consolidation of the traumatic event.
Through molecular, biochemical, ultrastructural, electrophysiological and behavioral approaches we tried to test this hypothesis. We found that stress-dependent LSD1 isoforms shift towards a repressive layout (increase of LSD1 and decrease of neuroLSD1) is engaged upon NMDAr activation. This is supported by in vitro and in vivo experimental data; indeed blockade of the NMDAr with MK-801 hampers neuroLSD1 downregulation. Thanks to a pharmacological approach that specifically downregulates neuroLSD1, we observed a negative modulation of basal glutamatergic transmission in terms of frequency and amplitude of mEPSCs. Moreover, we found a less responsive post-synaptic density from a biochemical, electrophysiological and structural point of view in neuroLSD1-/- mice. Furthermore, analyzing human hippocampal samples we found that neuroLSD1 decreases along with aging, supporting a role in the negative modulation of memory processes.
In parallel, I focused my studies on the endocannabinoid system, another player implicated in this homeostatic process. In particular, I found a crosstalk among LSD1 isoforms and the endocannabinoid system in restraining glutamatergic neuroplasticity in response to stress-induced glutamate release thought the transcriptional repression of ABHD6 and MAGL, the degradative enzymes of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonyl glycerol.
From our data we can conclude that these nuclear and synaptic processes might participate in a converging complex negative feedback mechanism aimed at decreasing stress-induced glutamatergic signaling in the hippocampus, promoting stress termination and possibly the buffering of memory consolidation.
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GRILLO, BARBARA. "PARTNERS, TARGETS AND MODULATORS OF LSD1 IN STRESS-RESPONSE REGULATION." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/612975.
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In mammals, different forms of stress, including psychosocial stress, can affect various aspects of human health, promoting mood and anxiety disorders. However, very little is known about the mechanisms underlying the brain physiology of stress response, hindering the development of new therapeutic strategies. We uncover a role for the transcriptional corepressor Lysine Specific Demethylase-1 (LSD1) and its dominant negative splicing isoform neuroLSD1, in the modulation of emotional behavior. In the mouse hippocampus, LSD1 and neuroLSD1 interacting with the transcription factor Serum Response Factor (SRF) and SRFΔ5 participate as molecular transducers of stress stimuli. Likewise LSD1, also SRF is modulated by an alternative splicing isoform without transactivation domain, SRFΔ5. Psychosocial stress acutely reduces the expression of neuroLSD1 through a splicing-based modulation that results in an increase in the amount of LSD1, while the relative ratio between SRF and SRFΔ5 is sensitive both to ASDS and CSDS. Furthermore, SRFΔ5 shows SUS-restricted downregulation that might contribute to shaping psychosocial stress vulnerability, through interfering with homeostatic mechanisms underlying stress resiliency. All these data suggest the involvement of the dual LSD1/neuroLSD1 and SRF/SRFΔ5 in the adaptive response to stress.
Alternative splicing is a strategic biological mechanism that allows to create a set of functionally different gene products from a single gene, diversifying gene functions without an increase in the number of genes. neuroLSD1, an activity-dependent splicing isoform that differs from LSD1 for the inclusion of exon 8a, was related to important homeostatic neuronal functions impacting emotional processing. It has recently been published that MALAT1(metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1), a long non-coding RNA, has a crucial role in the alternative splicing mechanism of some genes through the regulation of the splicing factor SRSF1, belonging to the SR protein family. In particular MALAT1 is mainly localized at the level of the nuclear speckles, where it seems to regulate the alternative splicing through the retention of SRSF1 in these nuclear domains and the modulation of their phosphorylation state through an unknown mechanism. We already published that alternative splicing involving LSD1 is positively regulated in trans by two splicing factors NOVA1 and nSR100. In particular, nSR100 is a splicing factor belonging to the SR protein family, as SRSF1, and regulates tissue-specific alternative splicing in a manner dependent on its concentration and its phosphorylation status.
We propose MALAT1 as a negative modulator of the neurospecific splicing of LSD1, in particular following ASDS the increased levels of MALAT1 lead to the sequestration of nSR100 at the level of nuclear speckles, making clear the mechanism behind the decrease of the dominant negative neuroLSD1 expression levels following stress
We found that following a chronic psychosocial stress the expression levels of MALAT1 seem to be positively regulated only in resilient individuals who manage to maintain physiological expression levels of IEG in the hippocampus. Our hypothesis is that only resilient subjects are still able to modulate maladaptive stress-related transcription, thanks to the increased levels of MALAT1, bringing the system back to basal physiological conditions through the negative regulation of neuroLSD1 formation. All this suggests that MALAT1 could be considered a possible hallmark of resilience.
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Čotek, Ondřej. "Psychosociální rizika a stres při práci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446764.
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The diploma thesis deals with psychosocial risks and stress in work. The theoretical part of the work is devoted to the definition and characteristics of psychosocial risks and stress. Furthermore, the legislative entrenchment of psychosocial risks in the Czech Republic and the European Union is described. The theoretical assumptions are concluded by the definition of psychosocial risk management. The methodological part is devoted to the quantitative survey, which is focused on the psychosocial risks of bank advisers of the company. Based on the results of the questionnaire survey, appropriate recommendations are made to reduce psychosocial risks in the company.
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Elm, Anna, Mai Härwell, and Sofia Olofsson. "Arbetstillfredsställelse : En kvantitativ studie om arbetstillfredsställelse, stress och extraversion bland lagerarbetare." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-49280.
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Arbetstillfredsställelse är ett komplext begrepp (Smith m.fl., 2010) som kan beskrivas som en attitydsvariabel för hur individen upplever sitt arbete (Spector, 1996). Tidigare studier har visat att sociala faktorer, personlighetsdraget extraversion såväl som stress påverkar individens grad av arbetstillfredsställelse. Arbetsmiljöverkets rapport från 2001 visade att lagerarbetare är ett av de 10 mest stressade yrkena bland män. Däremot är forskningen om arbetstillfredsställelse i denna yrkesgrupp mycket begränsad. Föreliggande studies syfte var därför att undersöka om de psykologiska och sociala faktorerna (arbetskrav, rollförväntningar, kontroll i arbetet, social interaktion, ledarskap, grupparbete, organisationskultur- och klimat, förutsägbarhet samt skicklighet i arbetet) predicerar arbetstillfredsställelse. Vidare var syftet med studien att undersöka om grad av stress och extraversion påverkar arbetstillfredsställelsen. Studien omfattade 84 anställda vid två lagerföretag. Instrumentet som användes var QPSNordic 34+ (frågeformulär om psykologiska och sociala faktorer samt stress) och Eysencks personlighetstest EPQ-R (Eysenck personality questionnaire- revised). Resultatet av MRA visade att de psykologiska och sociala faktorerna tillsammans förklarade 13.3% av arbetstillfredsställelsen. Vidare visade resultat från ett ANOVA-test att individer med en låg grad av stress upplevde hög arbetstillfredsställelse. Slutligen fanns det inga skillnader mellan grad av extraversion och arbetstillfredsställelse bland lagerarbetare. Nyckelord: Lagerarbetare, Arbetstillfredsställelse, psykosociala faktorer, stress, extraversion.Work satisfaction is a complex construct (Smith et al., 2010) which can be described as a variable of attitude on how the individual experiences the workplace (Spector, 1996). Previous studies have showed that social factors, the personality trait extraversion, and stress, influence the level of work satisfaction. A report from the Swedish Work Environment Authority from 2001 indicates that store workers is one of the ten most stressful occupations among men. Research regarding work satisfaction which concerned this group is very narrow. The purpose of the study was to highlight this occupation, and examine if psychological and social factors (work requirement, role expectations, control at work, social interaction, leadership, group work, organizational culture and climate, predictability and skillfulness at work) can predict work satisfaction. Furthermore, the purpose of the study was to investigate how the level of stress and extraversion can have an impact on work satisfaction. This study was implemented with a sample of 84 employees from two companies. The instruments used were the QPSNordic 34+ (Questionnaire with psychological and social factors and stress) and the Eysenck’s personality test EPQ-R (Eysenck personality questionnaire-revised). The result of the MRA showed that the psychological and social factors explained 13,3 % of the work satisfaction. Furthermore, the ANOVA showed that low stress level results in high work satisfaction. The study showed no differences between levels of extraversion and work satisfaction among store workers.
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Annor, Francis. "Psychosocial and Oxidative Stress and Health of Adults." 2015. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/sph_diss/4.
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The role of stress (both psychosocial and oxidative) in the pathophysiology of several chronic diseases has been documented and has become a focus for chronic disease prevention and management. Although, psychosocial stress (PS) and oxidative stress (OS) have different mechanisms through which they impact health, they both cause physiological imbalance which might subsequently lead to a disease state. Laboratory and observational studies have linked both stresses to the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. However, findings from previous studies have not been entirely consistent and results have varied based on the study population and the stress-measurement tool used. Given the gaps in the literature, three studies were conducted to examine: (1) the relationship between PS and glycemic control; (2) the association between PS and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); and (3) the association between OS and hypertension among adults.
In the first two studies, a longitudinal data from Kaiser Permanente Georgia (KPGA) survey on Health and Healthy Behaviors linked to patients’ laboratory and pharmacy records was used. In the third study a cross-sectional data from Study on Race, Stress and Hypertension was used.
The first study examined the association between baseline measure of work-related PS and glycemic control using both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. None of the four PS sub-scales or the overall PS measure at the work environment was significantly associated with glycemic control at either study baseline or over time. The second study examined the association between general measures of PS and changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over time in a structural equation model framework. No significant direct association was observed between general PS measure and eGFR decline. However, age, race, mean arterial pressure and insulin use were found to be associated with eGFR decline. The third study examined the association between hypertension and: 1) four markers of OS (F2-Isoprostanes, Fluorescent oxidative products, copy number of mitochondrial DNA and Gamma-tocopherol); and 2) plasma nutrient based oxidative balance score (OBS). The OBS was inversely associated with hypertension, but none of the OS markers was significantly associated with hypertension after adjusting for study covariates.
The current work highlights some of methodological issues in the assessment of PS to examine their relationship with DM control and complications. The study also highlights the need for more future studies to be conducted to confirm the association between OBS and hypertension, preferably longitudinal studies. If future studies confirm this finding, then the mechanisms by which OBS may influence risk of hypertension would need to be explored further.
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Doležalová, Petra. "Egodystonní záchvaty hněvu u matek malých dětí." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-436359.
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Anger in the context of motherhood is still an insufficiently discussed and underresearched topic. The theoretical part of this thesis summarizes knowledge from the domains of anger, and in particular its sudden ego-dystonic attacks, stress, and psychosocial needs, or more precisely motivational goals and schemata, which lead to their satisfaction or prevent their frustration, and in the context of motherhood seeks potential causes of anger and highlights its consequences. The empirical part of this thesis is based on quantitative research design, namely an online administered cross-sectional study, for which four inventories - Anger Attacks Questionnaire (AAQ), Rage Attacks Questionnaire (RAQ-R), Inventory of Approach and Avoidance Motivation (FAMOS), and Incongruence Questionnaire (INK) - were localized into the Czech setting. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was the last instrument used in this study. The research sample consisted of 257 adult women with an only child of up to 36 months of age and the study looked into the differences in subjective experience of mothers with anger attacks (N = 138) and without anger attacks (N = 119) with regard to the last three months. In the domain of psychosocial needs, the greatest intraindividual deficits for mothers with anger attacks emerged in the following...
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ŠČERBOVÁ, Nikola. "Zajištění psychologické pomoci a krizové intervence civilnímu obyvatelstvu při mimořádné události." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-54077.
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This diploma thesis bears the title: Providing psychological aid and crisis intervention for the civilian population during an emergency situation. The theoretical part aims to survey the development and present state of psychosocial aid system in the Czech Republic, including individual subjects and organisations that provide help in places affected. The research is based on qualitative and quantitative surveys. The qualitative part was realised by means of a non-structured interview with a defined clinical psychologist and the main psychologist of the Fire Rescue Service of the Region of Karlovy Vary. I have fulfilled the objectives of my thesis in the following way: 1. to describe the structure and functionality of the psychological intervention system, 2. to assess experts{\crq} readiness to provide aid to victims of an emergency situation. The quantitative survey method included collecting data from the randomly chosen samples of 150 citizens who thus expressed their opinions of the questions of crisis intervention and psychological aid, from their own point of view. The research was conducted in the Region of Karlovy Vary. The structure of the psychosocial aid system came into being in 1997, when these questions started to be given more attention both from state authorities and non-profit-organisations, and commercial institutions. The fundamental state body that manages and coordinates the psychosocial aid system is the Interior Ministry, which has a post-traumatic intervention care system, elaborated in relation to citizens affected and in relation to intervening units, and that cooperates with the Integrated Rescue System (IZS) and foreign subjects. The results of the questionnaire survey are an integral part of my research. The civilian population has basic information about psychological aid, which they assess as an important factor for mastering mentally demanding situations. This diploma thesis is structured in such a way that provides the reader with a complex overview of the current state of psychosocial aid. I also aim, by means of my thesis, to point out the fact that there is no professional post-traumatic care in our health care system.
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JIŘIŠTA, Vladimír. "Vliv akutního stresu na zdravotnického záchranáře a následná krizová intervence." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-137524.
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This thesis deals with problems of psychological stress sustained by paramedics working in rescue service, as well as mapping the possibilities of the crisis intervention in case of excess stress events in the practice of these workers. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the basic terms relating to rescue services and paramedics, the stress, stress levels and subsequent psychosocial care, crisis intervention and its history. The practical part is focused on the level of mental stress found in paramedics in service, which was examined by the Meister questionnaire. In addition, the respondents were asked about the possible symptoms of acute stress. Another part of the questionnaire examined the awareness and possible experience of psychosocial assistance and crisis intervention among the paramedics of rescue services. The survey was conducted by questionnaire method in two regions of the CR, the Hradec Králové Region and the Moravian-Silesian Region.
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Malý, Martin. "Zavádění systému psychosociální intervenční služby pro pracovníky zdravotnické záchranné služby." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-304406.
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This thesis deals with the implementation of the Psychosocial Intervention Service System within the environment of the emergency medical services. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze and identify the problems and causes hindering the implementation of the Psychosocial Intervention Service System. In addition, the thesis analyzes the attitudes, intentions and responsibilities of the parties directly involved in the implementation or affected by this policy, and to identify the applied public policy instruments by which the implementation is realized. The first section focuses on a brief theoretical introduction that deals with the institutional theory, the implementation process and the outlining of the content of the Psychosocial Intervention Service System, which includes stressful situations, their negative effects, psychosocial interventional care and the theory of Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) as one of the possible methods used to eliminate the negative effects of stress and traumata. The main analytical and research part of this thesis attempts at answering the questions related to the thesis objective, i.e. what factors affect the implementation, what framework applies to the implementation of the project, what interactions take place among the individual parties...
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KUŘÁTKOVÁ, Lucie. "Psychosociální zátěž při práci sester a sociálních pracovníků." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-51634.
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The Thesis deals with the questions of psychosocial load at work for nurses and social workers. The Thesis is divided into two sections. The theoretical part deals with definitions of terms like caring professions, load and stress, then load at work and psychosocial load. There is also a brief characteristic of the professions of a nurse and a social worker. The aim of the empiric part was to find out on a selected sample of respondents (i.e. nurses and social workers) how the respondents perceive the character of their psychosocial load at work and whether they are at risk of burnout syndrome, to find out whether nurses or social workers perceive the psychosocial load more intensely and whether there is a difference in the risk of burnout syndrome between them. A quantitative questioning method and questionnaire technique were applied on data collection and processing in the research part of the Thesis. An anonymous questionnaire was used for the investigation. The questionnaire preparation was based on a questionnaire provided by my thesis guide. The original questionnaire was more extensive and was only designed for nurses, which was why I had to select suitable items and add some special items applicable on nurses as well as social workers. The questionnaire consisted mainly of closed questions where the respondents chose from five answers the one best corresponding with their own opinion. I set 3 hypotheses before starting the research itself. The questionnaire answers were processed both, manually by means of the stroke method and by a statistic programme SPSS. Segment and bar graphs in Microsoft Office Excel were used for graphical interpretation of the results. After evaluation of the questionnaire research results I found out that the previously set hypothesis H1 suggesting that nurses and social workers perceive various elements of their psychosocial load differently, was confirmed, hypothesis H2 suggesting that nurses are more loaded by the work with patients/clients than social workers was not confirmed, and hypothesis H3 suggesting that nurses are at higher risk of burnout syndrome than social workers was confirmed. The results of my thesis may serve to inform general public as well as professionals on the problems in question. They may also serve as a possible incentive for managerial staff to pay higher attention to the problems of psychosocial load at work among caring professions at individual medical care facilities. The results may also serve as a base for further studies and research in the field.
Book chapters on the topic "Psychosocial stre"
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Massari, Alice. "Conclusion." In IMISCOE Research Series, 193–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71143-6_8.
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AbstractThe investigation of the four relief agencies’ organizational models – undertaken by combining analysis of websites, strategic documents and policy guidelines with fieldwork and interviews with NGO staffers – has shown the different ways in which each organization works. Exploration of the different sectors of intervention has highlighted the different roles NGOs want to have not only in the lives of their beneficiaries but more generally in the governance system of their communities. As illustrated in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-71143-6_5, the spectrum of activities is quite wide. Save the Children focuses on education and child protection (mainly through psychosocial support) complementary advocacy to secure policy change to enable a better world for children; Oxfam prioritizes ‘giving voice’ to the voiceless, water and sanitation, psychosocial support, legal counselling, combined also with a vigorous advocacy and influencing program to create lasting solutions to injustice and poverty. CARE has a similar focus on voice and empowerment especially for women and girls. Its gender transformative approach informs its work on protection, responses to gender-based violence) distribution of relief items, and, to a lesser extent, water and sanitation. As with Save the Children and Oxfam, CARE sets store by advocacy for policy reforms to end poverty and gender inequality. For its part, MSF operations focused on medical assistance, ranging from primary health care, surgery, mental health and psychosocial support, and medical evacuation. For MSF, belief in the power of témoignage has driven denunciations of those who hinder humanitarian action or divert aid and also critique of the wider disfunctionalities of the humanitarian system itself.
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Farooqi, I. Sadaf. "Assessment and management of severe obesity in adults." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 1649–52. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.1222.
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Body weight is determined by an interaction between genetic, environmental, and psychosocial factors acting through the physiological mediators of energy intake and expenditure (1). By definition, obesity results from an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure and in any individual, excessive caloric intake or low energy expenditure, or both, may explain the development of obesity. A third factor, nutrient partitioning, a term reflecting the propensity to store excess energy as fat rather than lean tissue, may contribute.