Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychosocial intervention'
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Roberts, Lisa Jeanne. "A psychosocial intervention for treating endometriotic dysmenorrhea." Scholarly Commons, 1991. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2834.
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The study attempted to reduce endometriotic dysmenorrhea through the adaptation of Longo, Clum, and Yaeger's psychosocial treatment regimen for genital herpes symptoms. Thirteen women were assigned to the psychosocial treatment group or a social support control group and followed through 6 weeks each of baseline, intervention, and follow-up. Treatment consisted of training in respiratory relief therapy and suggestive imagery, provision of information about endometriosis, and group discussions of maladaptive and adaptive adjustments, emotional aspects, and sexual intercourse. The social support control group received the same with the exception of respiratory relief therapy and suggestive imagery. A MANOVA of the pre-post-follow-up data for aggregate pain, aggregate distress, aggregate negative affect and hassles measures yielded equivocal results. Data from participants with reported pain above the mean were analyzed separately. Results partially replicated Longo, Clum, and Yaeger's findings, with an important reduction from pre to post and follow-up scores in aggregate pain for the psychosocial but not the social support group. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
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Tilbury, Emma. "The psychodynamic approach to observing organisations : towards a psychosocial intervention." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27573.
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A mixed methods literature review was conducted to investigate methods of obtaining process feedback during and after a psychosocial intervention and how this has been used to evaluate the intervention. Twenty four articles were retrieved that met the inclusion criteria. The data were synthesized and critiqued according to methodological features, with limitations evaluated. Results were presented according to how the feedback research has been used in relation to therapeutic outcome and clinical implications were considered. Recommendations were suggested, including investigating long term outcomes where single measures were utilised. The research study involved a series of six psychodynamic ward observations of an acute inpatient ward. The data were analysed within the supervision group discussions; thematic analysis was conducted on the transcripts (Braun & Clarke, 2006); with further analysis occurring during academic supervision. Five main themes were created to describe the ward culture from the observer’s experience, which captured the dynamic processes and relationships between staff and patients. A follow on study is planned which involves presenting the current findings to the staff group in an attempt to validate the observation method. A critical appraisal is included which describes the researcher’s reflections throughout the research process and the impact experiential learning made on her.
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Luk, Yin-ching, and 陸燕青. "Evidence-based psychosocial intervention for families with childhood cancer patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44625698.
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Atwell, Katie Elizabeth. "Psychosocial predictors of alcohol consumption among undergraduate students : developing intervention strategies." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51603/.
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Excessive alcohol consumption among UK university students is well documented. Although alcohol use reduces over the time spent at university, drinking patterns of undergraduates have been associated with risk of alcohol dependence and abuse a decade following graduation. Consequently, UK universities should endeavour to promote responsible drinking among their drinking student population. This thesis presents four studies that aim to inform the development of feasible and effective alcohol-related interventions targeting the student population. The first two studies examined the effect of an alcohol-related outcome expectancy manipulation on alcohol-related cognitions and consumption. Study one showed that a manipulation aiming to bolster negative expectancies and contradict positive expectancies was associated with immediate reductions in mild desires for alcohol. Study two provided limited support for study one, and indicated that repeated exposure to the manipulation was not associated with significantly greater effects. Neither study showed significant reductions in alcohol consumption. Study three used a survey to examine the predictive utility of a broader range of correlates of alcohol consumption, and provided an integrative model of risky drinking behaviour. The model highlighted the importance of age when first regularly drinking, the sensation-seeking personality trait, social drinking motives, confidence in ability to drink within government guidelines, and the perceived quantity and frequency of alcohol consumed by university friends. Study four consisted of a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the effectiveness of computer-delivered interventions (CDIs) across different study design features and identified the characteristics of CDIs associated with the largest effects. CDI efficacy was greater for primary than secondary outcomes, and varied according to the control condition and outcomes used. CDIs with the largest effects utilised personalised normative feedback among US heavy/binge drinking students. The results of these studies contribute to the current intervention literature and can be used to inform intervention development in UK universities.
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Senekal, Shani. "A systematic review of psychosocial interventions for families of child burn survivors." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7289.
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Magister Psychologiae - MPsychBurns are a major problem in Low-Income Countries (LIC) and Low-Middle Income Countries (LMIC). Children in LIC have been identified as a burn injury at-risk group. Individuals experience severe psychological and physical distress as a result of burn injuries. However, burns are a systemic problem and their impact is not limited to the individual but impacts the family system as a whole. Therefore, effective post burn interventions for families of child burn survivors are key in order to assist the child burn survivor’s well-being and recovery. The present study hopes to 1) address some of the gaps in knowledge in burn interventions for families of child burn survivors and 2) identify promising psychosocial interventions. A systematic review of literature was conducted that focused on identifying burn interventions for families of child burn survivors. These interventions were evaluated in order to establish which interventions showed promise. This systematic review was conducted following the guidelines of the PRISMA Statement for Systematic Reviews. An integrated quantitative and qualitative appraisal tool was used to review the identified studies. All the available English-medium literature between 1990 and 2019 was reviewed for this study. A literature search was performed in EBSCOhost, Academic Search Complete, PsychArticles, CINAHL plus, Medline, ERIC, SocIndex and Health Source: Nursing/Academic edition. Five studies were identified which included psychosocial interventions for families of child burn survivors. Of these studies only two were of quantitative nature and indicated sufficient evidence with regards to outcomes and efficacy. Three studies were of qualitative nature and indicated subjective evaluation measures to assess efficacy. Interventions identified included a family burns camp, a support group for parents, a support website, a parent participation program during acute paediatric burns management, and a teaching manual. All five studies indicated a degree of efficacy however, support groups in conjunction with psycho-education groups with systemic focus appeared to show the most promise. It is recommended that researchers focus on using quantitative measures in future intervention studies to assist in measuring efficacy. Furthermore, context specific interventions for LIC should be considered.
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Wade, Emma, and emma wade@rch org au. "Resilient Victims of School Bullying: Psychosocial Correlates of Positive Outcomes." RMIT University. Health Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080603.101203.
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Bullying is a phenomenon that has serious psychological consequences for victims, including low psychological wellbeing, poor social adjustment, psychological distress, and physical illness. Bullying has become a topic of increasing public concern and the focus of considerable research in Australia over the last decade. Parallel to this rise in interest in bullying research is a rise in research into resilience. Research has indicated that children facing distress will show a range of responses; some will regress, while others tolerate and even thrive in the face of trauma; it is this second group that are described as resilient. It was therefore postulated in this thesis that individuals exposed to bullying may not all succumb to the typical negative effects of being a victim of school bullying. While previous studies have noted the difference in reactions to bullying, this is the first study to investigate whether resilient victims can be identified, and their key psychosocial characteristics profiled. Based on this notion, it was predicted that victims of bullying could be taught a set of skills and attitudes that would build their resilience to the expected effects of bullying. The present research consisted of two studies. Study 1 had two phases. The first phase of Study 1 identified 'resilient victims' of school bullying by assessing participants on their levels of victimisation and their levels of wellbeing using a battery of questionnaires. Participants were assigned to one of four groups: resilient victims, non-resilient victims, healthy non-victims, or poor-health non-victims. From the original sample of 867 students, 111 were categorised into one of the four groups, and completed a second questionnaire package. The second phase examined the relationships between these resilience groups and eight psychosocial correlates of general resilience: individual protective factors, optimism, coping, social support, social skills, self-esteem, self-concept, and emotional intelligence. The results showed that there were significant discriminators between resilient and non-resilient victims, particularly on factors such as optimism, productive coping, self-concept and self-esteem, and so cial variables. The aims of the second study were to 1) develop a cognitive-behavioural group intervention program to teach social skills, perceived social support, self-esteem, optimism, and effective coping skills, to adolescent victims of school bullying; and 2) to investigate the effectiveness of the intervention. Ten year 7 and 8 students who reported negative consequences to high levels of bullying participated in the intervention program. Results indicated that the program had positive effects on the skills and attitudes that the program targeted. The program also appeared to have positive effects on the participants' levels of victimisation and general wellbeing.
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Elgar, Rhoda. "Creativity, community and selfhood : psychosocial intervention and making art in Cape Town." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444657/.
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The context for my research has been a multicultural art studio complex and other workshops that are connected through the various actors utilising and facilitating them. My research has sought to map the role of psychosocial intervention in the organising and managing of these organisations, the aims and intentions of them, and the minutiae of daily interactions between the different actors involved. Psychosocial intervention is a form of pastoral care based on the belief that a whole community or nation can be in need of psychological healing. Healing is considered to be realisable through facilitating self-realisation. Psychosocial intervention also shares much similarity with the saliency of art-making as held by many art educators and therapists, with the idea that art-making is a necessary activity for the promotion and development of healthy individuals and communities. Psychosocial intervention lends itself well to requests for facilitating cross-racial communication. This has much pertinence in Cape Town where it is drawn on as a resource in a society striving to shed its segregated past and embrace multiculturalism. In this context making art comes to have a moralistic role in the moulding of responsible individuals. Art-making is believed to represent self-knowledge, and artists deemed successful are those whose art can be considered to reflect this. This is achieved through using art techniques and practices which privilege representing the individuated self, rather than commenting on broader socio-political issues, and is commonly conceived as being a form of abstraction, accompanied with rhetorical declarations alluding to personal liberation. It is not rebellious or threatening to the project of building a new sanitized multicultural community, which is the expected outcome of participating at the studio-complex for a period of time, or experiencing the intense rite of passage entailed in participating at a workshop. Although this notion of art-making is drawn on by various groups in Cape Town as a means to becoming successful artists, its main beneficiaries are white South Africans, particularly women, who have come to have influential roles as facilitators of psychosocial projects in and beyond Cape Town's art community. Notions of transformation and realisation are common parlance in psychosocial intervention and are used to describe the experience of art-making, and are evocative of liberation but also the avant-garde. However, the realisation of these ideals is more complex than the simplistic declarations allow for. I argue that psychosocial intervention comes to act, not only as a guide in the managing of interactions, but also as a buffer in the dissemination and practice of criticism a phenomenon, which I argue has the potential to be an agent in the challenging and redistribution of power in Cape Town's art community, as well as more widely. Emotional literacy is favoured over intellectual literacy, as it is assumed to be more inclusive. This plays into perceived notions of feminine virtues while denying socio-economic differences, which has consequences for the manifestation of (white) power in Cape Town.
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Garcia, Leon de Souza Lobo. "Case study of a psychosocial mental health intervention in São Paulo, Brazil." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10042866/.
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Common mental disorders are responsible for a significant proportion of the global burden of disease. Differences in the availability of health care resources and the relevance of culture in the acceptability of treatments for mental disorders make it necessary to develop and evaluate interventions congruent with the context of specific settings. Group psychosocial interventions are a potentially cost-effective way of dealing with CMD in primary care. However, the literature describing and evaluating these interventions in low and middle-income countries is limited. This case-study describes Community Therapy (CT), a group psychosocial intervention developed in Brazil and hypothesized to improve mental health through social support. Although it is now widespread in the Brazilian primary health care, CT has not yet been submitted to systematic evaluation. This thesis analyzed data from an observational before/after design sampling 140 incident users from 12 CT groups located in primary care clinics and community settings of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Outcomes included mental health, perceived social support, quality of life, and social capital. Semi-structured interviews with CT users and facilitators as well as observation of CT sessions were also performed. The majority of respondents were female with few years of schooling, low income and a poor mental health. After 12 weeks of follow-up, there was an average twopoints improvement in mental health SRQ-20 scores (95% CI: 1.04-3.00, p < 0.001) but no significant correlation with perceived social support change. Qualitative descriptions of CT, however, coincided with the mechanisms hypothesized to improve social support. Poor adherence and the lack of integration of CT users with conventional mental health care services were likely to have contributed to the modest change in the mental health of CT attenders. The effectiveness of CT should be further investigated in the context of a stepped-care multi-component intervention, whereby CT is included as its psychosocial component.
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Longo, David Joseph. "A psychosocial treatment intervention for recurrent genital herpes: an investigation of psychoneuroimmunology." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49825.
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Loots, Mathilda Christina. "Teachers’ implementation of an asset-based intervention for school-based psychosocial support." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25196.
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Against the background of various socio-economic barriers in many South African school-community contexts, I compared how teachers in four schools implemented an asset-based intervention aimed at school-based psychosocial support. The working assumption was that teachers could act as protective resources in implementing the asset-based approach (following their participation in STAR1) to promote psychosocial support in their school-community contexts. The four schools were conveniently selected as information-rich cases to participate in the research study. The four cases comprised one informal settlement primary school in the Eastern Cape, two urban primary schools in Gauteng and one rural secondary school in Mpumalanga. Purposeful sampling was used to select ten participating teachers (n=40) in each school. Methodologically, the study followed a qualitative paradigm and a comparative case study design, implementing participatory rural appraisal (PRA) principles. The asset-based approach was used as theoretical framework. Multiple data gathering (focus groups, observation and intervention artefacts) and documentation procedures (verbatim transcripts, field notes, research journal and visual data) were implemented over a period of three years. Following constructivist grounded theory analysis, three main themes emerged: teachers using an asset-based approach for psychosocial support; teachers addressing barriers resourcefully; and teachers’ demonstrated asset-based competencies. The findings of the current study confirm that schools as part of unique systems are interrelated in terms of networks that mobilise assets, irrespective of the context. Teachers experience and prioritise a) socio-economic barriers (HIV/AIDS, financial constraints due to poverty and unemployment, and child abuse) and b) stressors of teaching (workload and related time constraints, attrition of group members, low levels of parent involvement, as well as context-specific factors). Teachers’ identification of barriers is determined by school contexts. Across school contexts teachers identified a) internal assets in their classrooms, the school context and in their communities together with b) community resources (physical resources, natural and environmental resources, community organisations and institutions). In psychosocial support, teachers mobilised identified assets and resources to ameliorate the impact of barriers. Teachers therefore promoted resilience by means of psychosocial support. The characteristics of school-based psychosocial support include identifying assets, prioritising barriers, mobilising assets to ameliorate the presence of barriers and establishing systemic networks and partnerships. When providing psychosocial support, teachers demonstrated asset-based competencies (positive identity formation, group effectiveness skills and management skills) signified as internal protective resources. By dynamically engaging in the challenges of their school-community contexts, teachers demonstrated self-determination (Deci&Ryan, 1985, 2002; Ryan&Deci, 2000, 2002) In the process, teachers displayed and actualised asset-based competencies, which in turn fulfilled the underlying psychological needs of competence, relatedness and autonomy. When they implemented the asset-based approach, it seemed to enhance teachers’ sense of coherence (Antonovsky, 1987) as they viewed the existence of barriers as being comprehensible, manageable and meaningful. Teachers were able to address barriers at an intrapersonal and interpersonal level as well as by deploying management skills. The three levels on which teachers addressed barriers correlate with their asset-based competencies. Their asset-based competency of positive identity formation was utilised to address barriers on an intrapersonal level; their group effectiveness skills addressed barriers on an interpersonal level and their management skills were deployed to address barriers on a level of administrating barriers efficiently. The study provides empirical evidence to broaden the current knowledge bases of the asset-based approach, resilience and school-based psychosocial support. The study contributes to the existing knowledge base of the asset-based approach by firstly highlighting social capital in school-community contexts as potential outcome of the implementation of the asset-based approach. Secondly, the study introduces asset-based competencies, as well as the dynamic relationship between these competencies and fundamental psychological needs (competence, relatedness and autonomy) as signified in self-determination theory (Deci&Ryan, 1985, 2002; Ryan&Deci, 2000, 2002). Lastly, the study conjectures the interconnectedness between the asset-based approach and a sense of coherence, in the sense that implementation of the asset-based approach could result in enhanced eustress (Simmons&Nelson, 2005) and sense of coherence (Antonovsky, 1987, 1993) when faced with and addressing barriers. Within the context of the existing knowledge base of resilience in schools and school-based psychosocial support, the findings suggest that resilience in schools could be promoted by teacher-driven psychosocial support initiatives. Firstly, the study signifies greater insight in teachers’ perspective on the potential assets and resources available in school-community contexts that could be mobilised for psychosocial support and the promotion of resilience. Secondly, the findings suggest empirical evidence that teachers (in a school context) can mobilise resources so that schools may serve as protective resources to promote resilience through school-based psychosocial support. Thirdly, the study contributes to new insight in possible barriers that teachers could encounter on a daily basis as well as the sort of psychosocial support that could be expected from similar school-based interventions. Lastly, the study provides insight into potential ways in which teachers can address barriers on an intrapersonal and interpersonal level and by deploying management skills.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Educational Psychology
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Payne, Janette Elizabeth. "Relationship between psychosocial characteristics of clients and outcomes of dietary intervention methods." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36767/1/36767_Payne_2000.pdf.
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This study contributed to best practice dietary management of clients with heart disease in a number of ways. It compared the effectiveness of five different styles of delivery of dietary intervention in clients with heart disease. It considered the associations between pyschosocial and other individual characteristics and dietary intervention outcomes and reviewed the usefulness of many currently recommended outcome measures. Resources and recommendations were also developed to allow the incorporation of the findings into clinical practice.
277 male clients with demonstrated coronary heart disease were recruited from The Prince Charles Hospital during 1998. Participants were allocated to five groups: individual counselling, single group session, multi-group sessions, handout only or study questionnaires only. Dietary intervention was provided to the first four groups. Demographic, anthropometric, biochemical, dietary and psychosocial data were collected from participants at baseline, 3 months and 6 months post intervention. A specially designed education resource 'Key to Healthy Heart Eating' was developed and used in the dietary intervention groups.
All interventions resulted in improvements or positive outcomes for some of the variables measured, with many achieving statistical significance as noted in the results section. Positive changes to clinical (total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides), anthropometric (body mass index, waist hip ratio), behavioural and psychosocial outcome measures occurred for many individuals over the 6 month study period. The 'questionnaires only' intervention was shown to be significantly less effective for promoting improvement in anthropometric outcome measures compared to the dietary interventions considered. However, between these dietary interventions, no clear difference in performance was seen consistently across all outcome measures.
Therefore, choice of delivery style can not be specified by the results of this study. The multitude and complexity of factors involved in dietary behaviour change and achievement of positive outcomes is supported and reinforced. Some associations between initial characteristics and final outcomes were suggested and further studies are recommended to clarify and explore these findings further. The results of this study indicate that the most feasible and outcome effective style of delivery for this target population is dependent on the individual's capacity to participate, their initial anthropometric, clinical, behavioural and psychosocial profile, and other factors such as their support network, and physical and mental status. A screening process to select the most appropriate form of dietary intervention for individual clients with heart disease was developed to assist practitioners in the clinical setting.
Due to changes in knowledge scores during the study and the high percentage of participants meeting desirable outcome criteria before intervention, the validity and usefulness of some of the outcome measures can be questioned. For example, the focus on reducing fat intake was not appropriate as many were already selecting a low fat diet. The study also highlighted the need for practitioners to focus more on the dietary fibre intake of participants and their perceived barriers to change, for example, their willingness to explore new foods. High scores for doctors in the health locus of control questionnaires demonstrated the important role doctors are perceived to play, and hence their inclusion and involvement to promote a collaborative and integrated team approach is encouraged. The importance of ongoing support and follow-up for these clients was also highlighted and recommended.
The education resource developed for use in the current study will provide a useful tool for clinicians providing dietary and lifestyle education to men with coronary heart disease. The proposed screening process and recommendations are also provided for dissemination to, and evaluation by, practitioners. Further research is encouraged to build upon these findings and continue contributing towards the development of best practice guidelines for the dietary management of clients with heart disease.
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Wilkes-Gillan, Sarah. "The development and evaluation of a play-based intervention for improving the social play skills of children with ADHD." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13685.
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We conducted three phases of research with aim to establish an effective, feasible and appropriate intervention for improving the social play skills of children with ADHD. Participants included 43 children formally diagnosed with ADHD, their 37 parents and 43 typically-developing playmates. Test of Playfulness total scores were used to examine children’s social play. Phase 1 examined the long-term effectiveness and appropriateness of a pilot therapist-delivered play-based intervention conducted 18-months prior to the beginning of this research. Five families from the original study participated. Children’s social play outcomes were maintained 18-months post intervention and parents reported continuing to use the intervention strategies. Phase 2 focused on the development of a parent-delivered version of the intervention. The intervention was trialled with the five families who participated in Phase 1 and then with nine families who had not received any play-based intervention. The social play outcomes of both groups of children improved significantly from pre-test to one-month follow-up. Five parents’ interview themes suggested they experienced some barriers to implementing the intervention, whereas the nine parents in the second group reported no difficulties with implementation. Phase 3 examined the effectiveness of a ten-week play-based intervention with 29 children. The change in the social play skills of the intervention-first group was significantly greater than the control-first waitlist group. Combined pre-test and post-test data from the two groups indicated children’s social play skills improved significantly with a large effect from pre- to post-intervention. The results of the research demonstrate that the play-based intervention is an effective, feasible and appropriate approach for addressing the social play difficulties of children with ADHD. The primary applications from these findings are discussed and future directions are proposed.
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Tomei, Christina. "Addressing Fear of Cancer Recurrence: A Cognitive-Existential Psychosocial Intervention for Cancer Survivors." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36206.
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Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is defined as “fear, worry, or concern relating to the possibility that cancer will come back or progress (Lebel et al., 2016, p. 3266). FCR is the most frequently reported concern identified among cancer survivors (Baker, Denniston, Smith, & West, 2005; Lebel, Rosberger, Edgar, & Devins, 2007). Although approximately 50% of cancer survivors experience moderate-to-high levels of FCR (Simard et al., 2013), few psychosocial interventions exist that directly target this construct. The overarching study objectives were: (a) to adapt a manualized, 6-week, cognitive-existential group therapy intervention for FCR to an individual format; (b) to pilot-test the feasibility, acceptability, and satisfaction of this individual intervention on n=3 participants; and (c) to further pilot-test the efficacy of the individual intervention on n=25 participants, via a randomized controlled trial (RCT). In study 1, n=3 cancer survivors (1 male, 2 females) completed the one-on-one therapy intervention for the psychological treatment of FCR. Sessions were 60-90 minutes long, and included cognitive restructuring exercises, behavioural experiments, relaxation techniques, existential processing of the here-and-now, and finding meaning in life post-diagnosis. Participants completed questionnaire packages throughout the intervention and an exit interview to determine their overall feedback on the intervention. Quantitative analyses revealed downwards trends in fear of cancer recurrence and cancer-specific distress across participants. Qualitative analyses of the exit interviews revealed that all participants found the intervention useful, and that the sessions had favourable pacing and length.
In study 2, the FCR intervention was further pilot-tested via an RCT. Twenty-five female cancer survivors were randomized to an experimental group or a wait-list control group. Sessions included cognitive restructuring techniques, behavioural experiments, confronting existential distress, and relaxation exercises. Nineteen women (n=9 intervention, n=10 control) completed the 6-week therapy intervention, and completed questionnaire packages at pre-, post- and 3-month follow-up. Between-within ANOVAs revealed significant interactions in the primary outcome measure of FCR, and secondary outcome measures of cancer-specific distress and uncertainty in illness for participants in the experimental group. Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed reductions in FCR, cancer-specific distress, uncertainty in illness, reassurance-seeking, cognitive avoidance, and intolerance of uncertainty, and revealed improvements in positive reinterpretation and growth, use of emotional support and mental health (improved quality of life) for participants in the experimental group, as compared to the wait-list control group. The variables that changed either maintained or improved at follow-up. Results from this study demonstrate promising results in addressing FCR in cancer survivors via a cognitive-existential intervention. Future research should continue investigating the specific therapeutic ingredients that are most effective for the psychological treatment of FCR.
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Bigler, Jamie. "Interventions to improve psychosocial sequelae in women with ovarian cancer." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1358.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Nursing
Nursing
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Wheatley, Sandra Louise. "Exploring engagement in an antenatal psychosocial intervention for the prevention of postnatal depression." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31288.
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The aim of this thesis was to investigate engagement in the antenatal psychosocial intervention 'Preparing for Parenthood' designed to reduce postnatal depression, run within the current maternity system, to identify factors predictive of engagement. The quantitative study investigated three components of health-promotion behaviour: health locus of control, social support and negative life events within an ongoing randomised controlled trial (RCT). Women were identified as at risk of postnatal depression by a screening questionnaire, 'Pregnancy and You', at 15-20 weeks gestation (n=400). A baseline assessment was completed 4 weeks later (n=292). Women who wished to have the opportunity to attend the intervention were randomised to an intervention (n=103) or control condition (n=106). The intervention consisted of six, 2-hour sessions held every week preceded by an initial introductory meeting and followed by a postnatal reunion session at the Leicester General hospital, run by two female course leaders whose backgrounds were in mental health. An outcome assessment of measures of engagement was completed at 3 months postnatally with all willing participants. In a qualitative study (n=82), the procedures used followed that of the quantitative study where appropriate. The same psychosocial intervention (n=15) was implemented. The outcome interview was completed between two and three months postnatally and consisted of 9 questions (n=12). Analysis using the grounded theory technique identified two main categories of themes, clustering at either the screening stage or at the intervention stage itself. Seven themes were identified as influential in initiating engagement with the intervention; and eight themes were identified as being influential in maintaining engagement with the intervention. It was concluded that actual health-promotion behaviour was not predictable using the three hypothesised measures of prediction, in this population, and for this intervention. The findings of the qualitative study enabled potential improvements to the intervention to be identified as possible ways of gaining and maintaining participant interest, and therefore engagement.
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Fehring, Heather A. "Psychosocial Intervention for a Female with a Traumatic Brain Injury Sustained in Infancy." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1436453302.
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Boeka, Abbe. "Effects of a psychosocial intervention on eating behavior compliance in bariatric surgery patients." Thesis, [Tuscaloosa, Ala. : University of Alabama Libraries], 2009. http://purl.lib.ua.edu/94.
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Sapkota, Diksha. "Effects of a Psychosocial Intervention among Pregnant Women Subjected to Domestic and Family Violence: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial from Nepal." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/404157.
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Domestic and family violence (DFV) against women is an important public health problem, placing significant health and economic burdens on individuals and families worldwide. The prevalence rates of DFV and its mental health sequelae are significantly higher in developing countries compared to developed countries, as women in these settings often lack resources to address DFV-related issues and improve their safety. Pregnancy is considered as a ‘window of opportunity’ to intervene against DFV. Psychosocial interventions that include the components to empower and provide psychosocial support to pregnant women exposed to DFV have potential to enhance their mental health and coping against DFV.
This study aimed to develop and test a simple and brief psychosocial intervention targeting the mental health, self-efficacy, social support, and help-seeking behaviours of pregnant women experiencing DFV in Nepal. An assessor-blinded 1:1 parallel randomised controlled trial (RCT), with a nested descriptive qualitative study, was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the psychosocial intervention. A total of 140 eligible pregnant women were randomly assigned into two groups. Women allocated to the intervention group (IG) received a counselling session, an information booklet, and contact details of the counsellor. Women in the control group (CG) received a booklet, including a referral list of locally available DFV support organisations. Participants from both groups were interviewed three times using standard and valid questionnaires: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for assessing anxiety and depression, the World Health Organization Quality of Life – Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF) for quality of life (QOL), the Medical Outcomes Study–Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) short form for perceived social support, the Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) for self-efficacy, and the modified safety behaviours checklist for the use of safety behaviours. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and newborns’ characteristics were also collected. Follow-up interviews were conducted at four to six weeks post-intervention (T1) and at six weeks after birth (T2). Generalised Estimating Equation (GEE) models with an intention-to-treat approach were used to assess changes in the outcome measures between the two groups over time. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 25), and statistical significance was set at p < .050.
During the follow-up interviews, intervention participants were asked about the strengths and weakness of the intervention, as well as recommendations on how the intervention could be improved for future use. In addition, seven purposively selected healthcare providers (HCPs) were interviewed to explore their perceptions regarding the intervention. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted to analyse the qualitative data.
Out of 625 women screened, the lifetime prevalence of DFV was found to be 27.7% (n = 173). DFV in the last 12 months was significantly associated with mental health, QOL, social support, self-efficacy, and use of safety behaviours (p < .050), measured at baseline or pre-intervention (T0). Both groups were comparable at T0 on demographic characteristics and outcome values (p > .050). Nearly 22.0% of women were lost-to-follow-up (LTFU) at T2, but baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between the participants who completed the study and those who were LTFU. Participants allocated to the IG showed significant improvements in anxiety (β = -3.24, p < .001) and depression (β = -3.16, p < .001) at T1. Such improvements were also sustained at T2 (p < .001). Similarly, significant improvements were seen in QOL at both T1 (β = 2.98, p < .001) and T2 (β = 2.45, p < .001) in the IG. There were greater increases in perceived social support and help-seeking behaviours in the IG compared with the CG at both T1 and T2 (p < .001).
Thematic analysis of qualitative interviews identified ten themes which were grouped into three broad domains: i) DFV and its response mechanisms, ii) reflection on the program and its contents, and iii) recommendations for improving the intervention for future use. Participants were positive about the intervention and indicated that it improved their confidence and skills in managing stress. HCPs also supported the intervention; however, they suggested that for its successful and continual delivery in the future, additional infrastructure needs to be arranged in the hospital. Participants expressed that this intervention offered only a partial solution to the problem by addressing individual-level outcomes.
This is the first known trial to test the effectiveness of a psychosocial intervention addressing mental health and safety needs of DFV victims in an antenatal setting in Nepal. The intervention was feasible to be implemented in an antenatal setting and showed promising effects on the mental wellbeing, perceived social support, self-efficacy, and help-seeking behaviours of DFV victims. Several avenues for further research are suggested, including expanding on the intervention to include family members, integrating the program into regular antenatal care, and conducting larger controlled trials with longer follow-up. Additionally, the findings underscore the pre-eminence of screening and managing negative emotional symptoms, such as depression and anxiety, among women experiencing DFV.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Griffith Health
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Coles, Angela. "Evaluation of an intensive psychosocial intervention for young caregivers of parents with multiple sclerosis /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19312.pdf.
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Sikander, Khawaja Siham. "A Cluster Randomised Trial of a Psychosocial Intervention for Perinatal Deppression in Rural Pakistan." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503736.
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Semple, Cherith. "Development and evaluation of a psychosocial intervention for patients with head and neck cancer." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424551.
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Zafar, Shamsa. "Integration of a maternal psychosocial well-being component into an early child-development intervention." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2014. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2006628/.
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Maternal psychosocial well-being (MPW) is a comprehensive concept that covers the psychological (e.g., depression, distress, anxiety, coping, mental health,) and social (e.g., family and community support, empowerment, relationships, culture) aspects of motherhood. High rates of poor maternal mental health, with maternal depression the most prevalent condition, have been reported in the low and middle income countries, including Pakistan. Though evidence based interventions exist to address maternal depression, these have not been translated into policy because of various implementation barriers. Integration of these interventions into existing maternal and child health (MCH) programmes has been suggested as a strategy to provide accessible care to mothers. In the current study we developed and integrated a cognitive behavioural therapy–based MPW intervention (the 5 pillars approach) into a child nutrition and development program. Following qualitative research with community health workers (CHWs) and families, CHWs were trained in (1) empathic listening, (2) family engagement, (3) guided discovery using pictures, (4) behavioural activation, and (5) problem solving. A qualitative feasibility study in one area demonstrated that CHWs were able to apply these skills effectively to their work, and the approach was found to be useful by CHWs and mothers. This work provides vital information on the lessons learnt in the implementation of a maternal psychosocial wellbeing intervention for universal use. The facilitating factors included mothers being the central focus of the intervention, utilizing existing local CHWs whom the mothers trust, simple training and regular supervision, and an approach that facilitates, and does not add, to the CHWs’ work.
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Wondie, Yemataw. "Characterizing the psychosocial effects of child sexual abuse in Ethiopia implications for prevention and intervention." Aachen Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997950226/04.
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Vilela, Larissa Durão Duarte. "A comparison of psychosocial outcomes in head and neck cancer patients receiving a coping strategies intervention and control subjects receiving no intervention /." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81449.
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Objective. To compare psychosocial outcomes in head and neck (H&N) cancer patients receiving the Nucare program with a group of matched control subjects who received no intervention.Methods. A prospective, non-randomized study design was used. Subjects were H&N cancer patients. The Nucare program, a psycho-educational coping strategies intervention, was the test intervention. Control subjects were matched to test subjects by disease stage and time since cancer therapy. Outcomes were quality of life (QL) and depressive symptoms (DS) evaluated at baseline and 3-4 months later.
Results. 138 subjects were recruited and outcome data was available on 101. At outcome evaluation, compared to their baseline scores, the test group had improved physical and social functioning, global QL, fatigue, sleep disturbance and DS, while the control group showed no changes in QL or DS.
Conclusion. The results suggest the Nucare may improve QL and reduce DS in H&N cancer patients.
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Reavley, Nicola, and n/a. "Evaluation of the effects of a psychosocial intervention on mood, coping and quality of life in cancer patients." Swinburne University of Technology, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20070703.142553.
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The popularity of non-mainstream cancer treatments raises complex issues for patients
and medical practitioners and it is vital to scientifically evaluate effectiveness and
investigate mechanisms of action of complementary treatments. This thesis describes
sociodemographic, medical and psychological characteristics of participants in The
Gawler Foundation program, which incorporates meditation, social support, positive
thinking and a vegetarian diet. It describes program impact in terms of: Profile of Mood
States (POMS), Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer (Mini-MAC), Functional Assessment
of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) and salivary cortisol levels. Compliance with
program recommendations for up to 12-months and effects on adjustment were explored.
This thesis also describes the development of a scale to assess the effects of meditation.
Program participants (n=112) were predominantly female, well-educated, younger in age
with good social support. Over 60% reported metastatic disease and 50% had been
diagnosed for over a year. Improvements in all measures were found at program
completion, with Spiritual wellbeing particularly linked to improvement in quality of life
(QOL). Those with higher levels of mood disturbance and lower QOL at baseline
benefited more than those who were less well adjusted.
Analysis of three, six, and 12-month follow-up data showed high compliance with
program recommendations. Improvements seen at program completion were mostly not
maintained at follow-up, although improvements from baseline were. These results
suggest that the program has significant beneficial effects on adjustment but that these
may not be fully maintained at follow-up, possibly due to difficulty incorporating program
recommendations into everyday life and increasing disease severity. Study limitations
include self-selection, high drop-out rates and lack of a control group.
Initial investigation suggested that quality of meditation experience was linked to
improved adjustment and this thesis describes the initial development of a scale to assess
the effects of meditation, which was divided into two sections: Experiences During
Meditation and Effects of Meditation in Everyday Life, and trialled on 236 participants.
Scale evaluation involved factor analysis, reliability and validity analysis. The
Experiences During Meditation scale had five subscales: Cognitive effects, Emotional
effects, Mystical experiences, Relaxation and Physical discomfort. The Effects of
Meditation in Everyday Life scale had a single factor structure, with the final scale
consisting of 30 items.
Construct validity was explored by assessing correlations with the measures: Perceived
Control of Internal States, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, FACIT Spiritual wellbeing
subscale, POMS-Short Form and Physical Symptoms Checklist. It is anticipated that the
scale may be useful for clinicians and researchers and may contribute to improved
understanding of the effects of meditation practices.
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Hawkins, Meredith. "Healing in a New Home: An Analysis of Psychosocial Interventions for Refugee Women Survivors of Gender-Based Violence in a Resettlement Context." Thesis, Boston College, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108832.
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Thesis advisor: Gabrielle OliveiraWhile the current refugee crisis is the result of various factors, sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) remains a significant issue for refugee women. This particular thesis is an applied perspective on the socioecological approach and feminist constructivist theoretical orientation to mental health and psychosocial service provision for refugee women survivors of sexual and gender-based violence. The findings are an analytical stand based upon four interviews conducted with mental healthcare providers working among Maine’s population of recent-arrival refugees from Central/Eastern Africa, as well as a comprehensive literature review on refugee mental health and sexual and genderbased violence theory. It argues that, vis-a-vis these frameworks, care providers can best account for the intersectional identities of the immigrant woman, as well as the collective identity of the culture in which she is situated, both ethnographically via the country of origin, and physically within the resettlement society. The interviews were each individually coded and aggregated into three thematic concentrations spanning a descriptive discussion of cultural differences in perceptions of mental health, a reflection from practitioners regarding the needs for furthering the field, and an inquiry into the macro-level barriers to care. The resulting qualitative evidence from the interviews supports the aforementioned orientations to care and, therefore, illustrates a strong case for culturally-competent applied psychology as a means for both individual and communal healing
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2020
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Departmental Honors
Discipline: International Studies
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Bell, Jennifer. "Psychosocial care and patient autonomy: a feminist argument in support of a "meaning-making" intervention." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18302.
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Recent studies in psychosocial oncology that seek to address the social, psychological, emotional, spiritual, quality of life, and functional impacts of cancer, report positive findings for meaning-making interventions designed to help cancer patients cope with their illness experience. These interventions are successful in decreasing depression among cancer patients and increasing life satisfaction, self-esteem, coping, physical functioning, and optimism. Yet, despite these positive findings meaning-making interventions and, more generally psychosocial care, are not well integrated into hospital or healthcare organization routine cancer patient care.This thesis explores practical, theoretical, and bioethical barriers to integrating psychosocial care, focusing primarily on the latter considerations. I will argue that meaning-making interventions fall within the bounds of healthcare professionals’ capacities and duty to care, more to the point, as necessary for quality cancer patient care. The bioethical principle of respect for autonomy, when reconsidered from a feminist standpoint, morally requires the intervention’s inclusion in routine care.Les études récentes dans l'oncologie psychosocial qui cherche à adresser les effets sociaux, psychologiques, émotives, spirituelles, qualité de vie, et sur les impacts fonctionnels du cancer ont demontré des résultats positifs pour les interventions créant une signication conçu pour aider ceux qui ont le cancer à faire face à leur maladie. Parmi les malades, ces interventions réussissent à reduire la dépression, et à augmenter la satisfaction de vie, l'amour-propre, l’abilité de se débrouiller avec la maladie, le fonctionment physique, et l'optimisme. Pourtant, malgré ces conclusions positives, les interventions faisant la signification et, plus généralement, le soin psychosocial, n'est pas intégré dans l'hôpital ni dans la politique d'organisation des services médicaux pour le soin standard des patients souffrant du cancer.Cette thèse explore les obstacles pratiques, théoriques, et bioéthiques à l’intégration des soins psychosociaux dans la politique, concentrant principalement sur les considérations dernières. Je disputerai que l’intervention se trouve parmi les capacitées et les obligations à soigner des professionaux de services médicaux et, de plus important, sont nécéssaires au soin de bonne qualité des patients de cancer. Le principe bioéthique de respect pour l'autonomie, lorsque reconsidéré d'un point de vue de féminisme, exige moralement l'inclusion de l'intervention dans la politique des professionaux de services médicaux.
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Healey, Andrew Thomas. "Economic implications of psychosocial development in childhood : long-term outcomes and the costs of intervention." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2005. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1836/.
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This thesis explores two issues: 1. the relationship between emotional and behavioural difficulties in childhood and adult economic attainment; and 2. the costs arising from the public service response to child and adolescent psychosocial difficulties. After a review of the relevant literature, longitudinal data are used to examine the first of these issues. The relationship between psychosocial development and labour market outcomes are examined for a cohort of British males of predominantly working class origin. Similar longitudinal analyses are then repeated in a national and more socially representative British birth cohort born in 1970 who were most recently followed-up at age 30. Econometric estimations relating to age 30 earnings within the 1970 cohort are combined with cross-sectional earnings data from a large survey of the UK labour force to arrive at a series of lifecycle earnings projections for workers who experienced childhood psychosocial problems. Potential justifications for public intervention are examined followed by an outline of current service arrangements in the UK and a discussion of recent policy developments towards child and adolescent psychosocial problems. Service utilisation data from a major epidemiological survey of the mental health of children and adolescents in Britain are then used to derive new empirical estimates of the costs to the National Health Service and education system arising from child and adolescent psychopathology. Individual variations in costs are then examined in more detail using multivariate statistical methods with a view to assessing the extent to which services are responsive to psychosocial problems that are more socially and academically disabling.
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Vargas, Sara. "Does Sleep Mediate Improvements in Functional Adaptation After a Stress Management Intervention For Women With Breast Cancer?" Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/288.
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The time of cancer diagnosis and treatment may be marked by an increase in stressors, which may be associated with poorer psychosocial and physical adaptation and increased sleep difficulty. Prior work has shown that psychosocial interventions that teach stress management skills can improve indicators of psychosocial and physical adaptation in women with breast cancer, mostly in cancer survivors who have completed treatment. The extant literature does not examine the effects of stress management on sleep, or the role that sleep plays in mediating psychosocial and physical adaptation outcomes, among women in the midst of treatment for non-metastatic breast cancer (BCa). Two hundred forty (240) women, recruited post-surgery from oncology practices, were randomly assigned to a 10-week group-based cognitive behavioral stress management intervention (CBSM; n = 120) or 1-day psychoeducation (PE) control (n = 120). The intervention consisted of didactics, CBSM techniques, and relaxation exercises, but did not specifically target sleep or sleep quality (SQ). Women assigned to the PE condition attended a one-day group seminar where they learned some of the material covered in the CBSM intervention, without the therapeutic group environment, role play techniques, and home practice. Participants completed self-report questionnaires at baseline, and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. After controlling for days since surgery, participants in the CBSM group reported improved SQ, as well as increased positive states of mind, decreased disruption in social recreational functioning, and reduced fatigue-related daytime dysfunction for up to 8 - 12 months after baseline. There were marginally significant improvements in functional well-being and social functioning. CBSM was not associated with improvements in fatigue intensity. Improvements in SQ mediated CBSM-associated improvements in positive states of mind, social disruption, and fatigue-related daytime dysfunction. Thus, the CBSM intervention had beneficial effects on several indicators of functional adaptation that were in part explained by improvements in the quality of sleep. Future work should test the combined effects of stress management and sleep management interventions for women initiating treatment for BCa.
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Dietrich, Janan Janine. "Adapting a Psychosocial Intervention to reduce HIV risk among likely adolescent participants in HIV biomedical trials." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97046.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015ENGLISH ABSTRACT : In 2010, young people aged 15–24 years accounted for 42% of new HIV infections globally. In 2009, about five million (10%) of the total South African population was estimated to be aged 15–19 years. Current South African national sero-prevalence data estimate the prevalence of HIV to be 5.6% and 0.7% among adolescent girls and boys aged 15–19 years, respectively. HIV infections are mainly transmitted via sexual transmission. Adolescent sexuality is multi-faceted and influenced at multiple levels. In preparing to enroll adolescents in future biomedical HIV prevention trials, particularly prophylactic HIV vaccine trials, it is critical to provide counseling services appropriate to their needs. At the time of writing, there was no developed psychosocial intervention in South Africa for use among adolescent vaccine trial participants. Thus, the aim of the present study is to adapt and pilot-test a psychosocial intervention, namely, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) risk reduction counseling intervention of Project Respect, an intervention tasked at being developmentally and contextually appropriate among potential adolescent participants in HIV biomedical trials in the future. To achieve this overall aim, I qualitatively explored adolescent sexuality and risk factors for HIV among a diverse sample of participants aged 16–18 from Soweto. Thereafter, I developed a composite HIV risk scale in order to measure the variance in HIV risk among the sample of adolescents studied. The study followed a two-phased, mixed method research design and was informed by ecological systems theory and integrative model of behavioral prediction. The aim of Phase 1, split into phases 1a and b, was to conduct focus group discussions (FGDs) and to undertake a cross-sectional survey, respectively, to determine psychological (for example, self-esteem and depression), behavioral (specifically, sexual behavior) and social (specifically, social support, parent-adolescent communication) contexts that placed adolescents at risk for HIV infection. Phase 1a was qualitative, with data collected via nine FGDs: three involved parents of adolescents, four involved adolescents aged 16–18 years and two counselors. Nine key themes related to adolescent sexuality and risks for HIV acquisition were identified, namely: (1) dating during adolescence; (2) adolescent girls dating older men; (3) condom use amongst adolescents; (4) teenage pregnancies; (5) views about homosexuality; (6) parent-adolescent communication about sexual health; (7) the role of the media; (8) discipline and perceived government influence; and (9) group sex events. Phase 1b was quantitative and the data were collected via a cross-sectional survey to investigate the variance of risk for HIV. For Phase 1b, the sample consisted of 506 adolescents with a mean age of 17 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 16–18). More than half the participants were female (59%, n = 298). I used a three-step hierarchical multiple regression model to investigate the variance in risk for HIV. In step 3, the only significant predictors were “ever threatened to have sex” and “ever forced to have sex”, the combination of which explained 14% (R2 = 0.14; F (12, 236) = 3.14, p = 0.00). Depression and parentadolescent communication were added to steps 2 and 3, respectively, with both variables insignificant in these models. In Phase 2, I adapted and pilot tested the CDC risk reduction counseling intervention. The intervention was intended to be developmentally and contextually appropriate among adolescents from Soweto aged 16–18 years, viewed as potential participants in future HIV biomedical trials. Participants in Phase 2 were aged 16–18 years; the sample was mainly female (52%, n = 11) and most (91%, n = 19) were secondary school learners in grades 8 to 12. Participants provided feedback about their experiences of the adapted counseling intervention through in-depth interviews. I identified three main themes in this regard, namely: benefits of HIV testing services, reasons for seeking counseling and HIV testing services, and participants’ evaluation of the study visits and counseling sessions. The adapted CDC risk reduction counseling intervention was found to be acceptable with favorable outcomes for those adolescents who participated in the piloting phase. This study adds to the literature on risks for HIV among adolescents in Soweto, South Africa, by considering multiple levels of influence. Reaching a more complete understanding of ecological factors contributing to sexual risk behaviors among adolescents in the pilot-study enabled the development of a tailored counseling intervention. The findings showed the adapted CDC risk reduction counseling intervention to be feasible and acceptable among adolescents likely to be participants and eligible to participate in future HIV biomedical prevention trials. Thus, this study provides a much needed risk reduction counseling intervention that can be used among adolescents, an age group likely to participate in future HIV vaccine prevention research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : In 2010 het jongmense tussen die ouderdomme van 15 en 24 jaar 42% van nuwe MIV-infeksies wêreldwyd uitgemaak. In 2009 was omtrent 5 miljoen mense (10%) van die Suid-Afrikaanse bevolking tussen 15 en 19 jaar oud. Volgens data oor die huidige Suid-Afrikaanse nasionale sero-voorkoms, word die voorkoms van MIV onderskeidelik op 5.6% en 0.7% onder tienermeisies en -seuns tussen die ouderdomme van 15 tot 19 jaar beraam. MIV-infeksies word hoofsaaklik deur seks oorgedra. Adolessente seksualiteit het baie fasette en word op verskeie vlakke beïnvloed. Ter voorbereiding van die werwing van adolessente vir toekomstige biomediese proewe, veral proewe oor profilaktiese MIVentstowwe, is dit van kritiese belang dat beradingsdienste verskaf word wat geskik is vir hul behoeftes. Op die tydstip wat hierdie tesis geskryf is, het daar nog geen psigososiale intervensie in Suid-Afrika bestaan vir gebruik onder adolessente deelnemers aan entstofproewe nie. Daarom is die doel van hierdie studie om ʼn psigososiale intervensie ‒ die Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) se Projek Respek, ʼn beradingsintervensie vir die vermindering van risiko ‒ aan te pas en met ʼn loodsprojek te toets. Hierdie intervensie is geskik vir die ontwikkelings- en kontekstuele vlak van adolessente deelnemers aan toekomstige MIV- biomediese proewe. Ten einde hierdie oorkoepelende doelwit te bereik, het ek adolessente seksualiteit en die risikofaktore vir MIV onder ʼn diverse steekproef deelnemers tussen die ouderdomme van 16 en 18 jaar van Soweto kwalitatief ondersoek. Daarna het ek ʼn saamgestelde MIV-risikoskaal ontwikkel om die variansie van MIV-risiko onder die groep adolessente te meet. Die studie se navorsingsontwerp het uit twee fases en gemengde metodes bestaan, en is gebaseer op ekologiesestelsel-teorie en die integrerende gedragsvoorspellingsmodel. Die doel van fase 1, wat in fases 1a en 1b verdeel is, was om onderskeidelik fokusgroepbesprekings te hou en om ʼn deursnitopname te doen om die sielkundige kontekste (byvoorbeeld elemente van selfbeeld en depressie), gedragskontekste (spesifiek seksuele gedrag) en sosiale kontekste (spesifiek sosiale ondersteuning en ouer-adolessent-kommunikasie) te bepaal waarin adolessente die risiko loop om MIV-infeksie op te doen. Fase 1a was kwalitatief en data is deur middel van nege fokusgroepbesprekings ingesamel: drie met die ouers van adolessente, vier met adolessente tussen 16 en 18 jaar oud en twee met beraders. Nege sleuteltemas is geïdentifiseer wat verband hou met adolessente seksualiteit en risiko’s om MIV op te doen: (1) verhoudings tydens adolessensie, (2) tienermeisies wat verhoudings met ouer mans het, (3) die gebruik van kondome onder adolessente, (4) tienerswangerskappe, (5) sienings oor homoseksualiteit, (6) ouer-adolessent-kommunikasie oor seksuele gesondheid, (7) die rol van die media, (8) dissipline en die ervaarde regeringsinvloed en (9) groepseksgeleenthede. Fase 1b was kwantitatief en data is deur middel van ’n deursnitopname ingesamel om die variansie van risiko vir MIV te ondersoek. Vir Fase 1b het die steekproef bestaan uit 506 adolessente met ’n gemiddelde ouderdom van 17 jaar (interkwartielwydte [IKW]: 16–18). Meer as die helfte van die deelnemers was vroulik (59%, n = 298). Ek het ’n hiërargiese meervoudige regressiemodel met drie stappe gebruik om die variansie van risiko vir MIV te ondersoek. Die enigste beduidende voorspellers in stap 3 was “ooit gedreig om seks te hê” en “ooit geforseer om seks te hê”. Die kombinasie hiervan het 14% (R2 = 0.14; F (12, 236) = 3.14, p = 0.00) verklaar. Depressie en oueradolessent- kommunikasie is onderskeidelik in stappe 2 en 3 bygevoeg, en albei veranderlikes was onbeduidend in hierdie modelle. In Fase 2 het ek die CDC se intervensie vir die verlaging van risiko aangepas en met ’n loodsprojek getoets. Die intervensie was bedoel om geskik te wees vir die ontwikkelings- en kontekstuele vlakke van 16- tot 18-jarige adolessente van Soweto wat beskou is as potensiële deelnemers aan toekomstige MIV- biomediese proewe. Deelnemers in Fase 2 was 16 tot 18 jaar oud, die steekproef was hoofsaaklik vroulik (52%, n = 11) en die meeste van die deelnemers (91%, n = 19) was in grade 8 tot 12 op hoërskool. Deelnemers het tydens indringende onderhoude terugvoering oor hulle ervarings van die aangepaste beradingsintervensie verskaf. Ek het drie hooftemas in hierdie verband geïdentifiseer, wat die volgende insluit: voordele van MIV-toetsingsdienste, redes waarom berading en MIV-toetsingsdienste verlang word, en die deelnemers se evaluering van die studiebesoeke en beradingsessies. Daar is bevind dat die aangepaste beradingsintervensie van die CDC aanvaarbaar was en gunstige uitkomste gelewer het vir die adolessente wat aan die loodsfase deelgeneem het. Hierdie studie dra by tot die literatuur oor MIV-risiko’s vir adolessente in Soweto, Suid-Afrika, deur meervoudige invloedsvlakke te oorweeg. Die feit dat ’n meer volledige begrip tydens die loodsondersoek verkry is van die interaksie van die ekologiese faktore wat tot seksuele risikogedrag onder adolessente bydra, het die ontwikkeling van ʼn doelgemaakte intervensie deur berading moontlik gemaak. Die bevindings het getoon dat die aangepaste beradingsintervensie van die CDC lewensvatbaar en aanvaarbaar is vir gebruik onder adolessente wat waarskynlik geskikte deelnemers aan toekomstige biomediese proewe oor MIV-voorkoming kan wees. Hierdie studie verskaf dus ʼn noodsaaklike beradingsintervensie om die MIV-risiko onder adolessente ‒ ʼn ouderdomsgroep wat waarskynlik aan toekomstige biomediese navorsing oor MIV-voorkoming sal deelneem ‒ te verminder.
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Hasson, Henna. "Nursing Staff Competence, Psychosocial Work Environment and Quality of Elderly Care: Impact of an Educational Intervention." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis (AUU), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7383.
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Blom, May. "Psychosocial risk factors in women with coronary heart disease : stress, social support and a behavioral intervention /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-481-3/.
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Duijts, Saskia Francisca Anthony. "Prediction and early intervention in employees at risk for sickness absence due to psychosocial health complaints." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2007. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=9516.
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Bessell, Alyson. "Facing up to visible difference: The design and evaluation of a new computer-based psychosocial intervention." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522520.
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Chan, Hoi-yan Celia, and 陳凱欣. "Efficacy of psychosocial group intervention for Chinese women undergoing in-vitro fertilization: aprospective randomized controlled study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44765708.
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Sholl, Catherine. "Challenging discrimination : teenagers' attitudes to mental health problems and their experience of a psychosocial educational intervention." Thesis, University of East London, 2008. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3777/.
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Rationale: People with mental health problems experience discrimination across numerous areas of life. Research has indicated that teenagers have particularly negative attitudes towards mental health problems and find it difficult to seek help. Mental health professionals and service users are now emphasising the need for evidence-based educational campaigns in schools challenging mental health discrimination. However, there is currently little evidence about young people's understanding of mental health problems and how they experience such interventions. Methods: A psychosocial educational intervention was facilitated by the researcher and a mental health service user with a group of 25 young people in a school. The group's ideas and views about mental health problems and the intervention were explored through focus groups before and after the intervention and analysed using Grounded Theory. In addition, negative attitudes and causal beliefs about mental health problems were measured quantitatively before and after intervention and analysed statistically. Results: Quantitative measures indicated that the Intervention Group showed a greater decrease in mean negative attitude score compared to the Control Group, though this did not reach statistical significance. Biological causal beliefs scores decreased significantly for both the Intervention and Control Group. In addition, gender had a significant effect on change in causal beliefs, with female participants showing a greater decrease in biological (and increase in psychosocial) causal beliefs compared to males. The qualitative analysis yielded two grounded theories: 1) about teenagers' understanding of mental health problems; and 2) a model of factors and processes important in facilitating change in teenagers' attitudes and understandings about mental health problems. Discussion and implications: The results had implications for guiding future anti-discrimination campaigns and emphasising the importance and value of such interventions with young people in schools. The role of clinical psychology in working at a community level alongside service users to increase understanding and reduce discrimination was emphasised.
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Makhonza, Lindokuhle Octavia. "Resilience among orphans and vulnerable children in KwaZulu- Natal schools: towards a psychosocial model of intervention." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2018. http://uzspace.unizulu.ac.za:8080/xmlui/handle/10530/1634.
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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Education in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education in the Department of Educational Psychology and Special Education at the University of Zululand, 2018This study investigated the resilience among Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) in KwaZulu-Natal schools. It identified OVC challenges and developed a psychosocial model of intervention. The Social Ecological Model was adopted as a framework for the study. The study adopted the mixed method research design. The population for the study was the OVC, caregivers and teachers from Kwazulu-Natal schools, specifically Amajuba and Zululand Districts. Random selection was done for OVC from mainstream schools. Purposive sampling method was used to select OVC from special schools, schools near the orphanage, home of safety and a Full Service school. The sample which participated during quantitative data collection consisted of 303 OVC from 12 to 20 years old who were selected from 7 school in Amajuba and Zululand Districts.The sample which participated in qualitative data collection consisted of 4 focus groups and those were 6 caregivers, 6 teachers and 12 OVC. OVC were selected from 303 OVC who filled the questionnaires and CYRM-28. This made a total of 24 participants for focus groups. The total of participants for the whole study was 315. Three instruments were used to collect data for this study, namely; the Child and Youth Resilience Scale-28 (CYRM-28), the self-constructed psychosocial questionnaire and the interview schedule. The CYRM-28 was used to measure the extent of OVC resilience with the self-constructed questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse data. Frequencies were created for descriptive data and the Chi-Square statistical technique was used to test the null hypothesis. Then the thematic content analysis was used to identify themes from the focus group interviews. The results of descriptive statistics indicated that 79% of all participants reported high availability of resources that enabled resilience. Fewer resources were reported for children who had experienced abuse, followed by those with disabilities and more resources were reported for orphans. The main challenges of OVC identified were lack of support from teachers and neighbours/ communities. Other challenges included maltreatment by caregiver, OVC behavioural problems, unavailability of documents for social grant applications. Child Headed Household was identified as lacking all resources. The findings of inferential statistics indicated that there is a significant relationship between the age, gender and custody of OVC and their availability of resources. OVC and caregivers encountered various problems which were risk factors for the resilience of OVC. Availability of resources to a majority of OVC who participated in the study was a protective factor. Participants recommended that more resources which promote resilience of OVC be made available to communities, for examples, old age homes, and entrepreneurship skills, continuous counselling services for caregivers and OVC and recreational facilities for communities. Lastly, the psychosocial model of intervention was developed based on the literature and findings of the study.
Natonal Research Foundation National Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences (NIHSS)
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Switzer, Jennifer Lee. "Evaluation of the Intervention Efficacy of Lions Quest Skills for Adolescence." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2894.
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Adolescence is characterized as a time of impulsivity, emotional decision-making, and peer influence; thus, interventions targeting the development of effective psychosocial skills are imperative. Improved psychosocial functioning can equip adolescents for successfully overcoming future life challenges. There are few studies that have examined how adolescents' psychosocial skills could be improved in the context of substance abuse prevention program participation. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in psychosocial skills in a group of adolescents who participated in 2 of 10 Lions Quest Skills for Adolescence (Lions Quest SFA) programs being used in central Virginia middle schools. This study examined whether Lions Quest SFA was useful in observing changes in the total score of lagging psychosocial skills, which incorporated measures of impulse control, emotion regulation, and social skills. The adolescent population of interest had already demonstrated weaknesses in these areas as they had been referred to this program from school-based mental health services. This archival study used an ANCOVA to analyze 1-year pre- and posttest score differences on the Assessment of Lagging Skills and Unsolved Problems and examine possible gender differences following participation in the program for 1 school year. The secondary dataset consisted of pre- and posttest scores of 36 male students and 30 female students. The results of this study demonstrated implications for social change as they extended the knowledge in this area by suggesting that participation in the Lions Quest SFA program may contribute to the improvement of psychosocial skills, and these findings could contribute to the improvement of treatment interventions used at Horizon Behavioral Health.
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Benedict, Catherine. "Emotional Well-being in Men With Prostate Cancer: Effects of a Psychosocial Intervention Using Growth Mixture Modeling." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/57.
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Prostate Cancer (PC) is associated with disease- and treatment-related side effects that can compromise quality of life (QoL). Psychosocial interventions designed to improve adjustment and quality of life (QoL) for post-treatment PC patients have been conducted with mixed results. Intervention effects are typically analyzed using either mean difference scores or a single estimate of growth parameters (e.g., intercept and slope factors) across groups. These methods assume homogeneity within groups. Evidence suggests, however, considerable variability both in the experience of disease-specific outcomes and in the long-term adjustment and emotional well-being of men with PC. The present study used growth mixture modeling (GMM) to explore the effects of a cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) intervention on emotional well-being among men recently treated for localized PC. This methodology allowed examination of intervention effects across unobserved subgroups characterized by different trajectories of emotional well-being and identified factors associated with intervention efficacy.
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Morrison, Margaret Louise. "Biophysical and psychosocial wellbeing in adolescents with congenital heart disease : a structured programme of intervention and assessment." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557390.
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Ability to exercise is an important quality of life measure and indicator of physical health. Recently, exercise training has emerged as a method of improving activity and psychological health in some patient groups. Many patients with CHD are now adolescents; this time of personal development may be an ideal opportunity to introduce positive lifestyle changes. This study aimed to ascertain if motivational techniques and a structured exercise program could increase activity and improve wellbeing. Patients aged 12-20 years were identified using the Northern Ireland regional database (HeartSuite). Participants completed standard psychological questionnaires and underwent evaluation of exercise ability (formal exercise stress testing and measurement of free-living activity using an ActiGraph accelerometer). Following randomisation the intervention group attended an activity day and received a personal exercise programme. The control group received their usual level of care. Patients were followed up at six months for reassessment and results obtained were analysed using parametric methods. One hundred and forty three patients (mean age 15.6 years) consented to participate, 86 were male (60%) and 105 had major CHD (73%). Psychological health appeared well preserved at baseline. On formal exercise testing, complex patients performed worse at peak exercise. However, patients with major CHD had significantly higher activity counts. One hundred and one patients (71%) attended for reassessment. There was a significant increase in duration of exercise test (Pillai's Trace 5.34 (p 0.023)) and average activity counts per minute (Pillai's Trace 46.55 (p <0.001)) for the intervention group at reassessment. The intervention group also had a trend toward improved mood and self esteem. Exercise training significantly improves peak exercise capacity and free-living activity in this group. Increased activity also appears to have a positive effect on self-esteem and mood parameters. Future interventions targeted around this area may considerably improve outcomes for this population.
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Wondie, Yemataw [Verfasser]. "Characterizing the Psychosocial Effects of Child Sexual Abuse in Ethiopia : Implications for Prevention and Intervention / Yemataw Wondie." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1161301720/34.
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Lewis-Smith, Helena. "Body image in midlife : developing a psychosocial intervention for women who have received treatment for breast cancer." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2017. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/30711/.
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Survival rates for breast cancer have improved over the recent decades, and increasing numbers of women in midlife are coming to terms with the consequences of the disease and its treatment. Among the various side-effects associated with treatment are appearance and bodily alterations, which can elicit body image concerns and subsequently impose long-lasting adverse impacts upon psychological and physical health. Governments, health services, and support organisations have stressed the importance of the development, evaluation, and dissemination of psychosocial interventions that provide support for women adjusting to the residual consequences of the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, including body image distress. The overall aim of this thesis was to develop and assess the acceptability of an evidence-informed psychosocial intervention targeting body image among women in midlife who have undergone treatment for breast cancer. The thesis adopted a mixed-method pragmatic approach, and followed the Medical Research Council’s framework for the development and evaluation of complex interventions (Craig et al., 2008). First, a systematic review of existing body image interventions for women in midlife, including those treated for breast cancer, was conducted to assess the current status of the literature and identify existing effective interventions. Interventions targeting women in midlife (n=11) were found to have longer-lasting and larger effects on body image at post-test and were evaluated in studies of greater methodological rigour, compared with interventions targeting women who had undergone treatment for breast cancer (n=22). Second, an online survey tested and compared an established sociocultural model of body image (Tripartite Influence Model; Thompson, Heinberg, Altabe, & Tantleff-Dunn, 1999) between women in midlife who were treated (n=169), and not treated (n=323), for breast cancer, in order to assess potential targets for body image interventions and the applicability of research and interventions among women in midlife for use with women treated for breast cancer. This study revealed a similar pattern of risk factors among both groups, whereby sociocultural and psychological factors proposed within the model influenced body image. Next, an integration of findings from the systematic review and online survey informed the adaptation of an existing evidence-based and rigorously evaluated body image intervention for women in midlife (McLean, Paxton, & Wertheim, 2011) for use among women treated for breast cancer. Finally, the adapted intervention was evaluated for its acceptability through focus groups and interviews with women who had undergone treatment for breast cancer (n=22) and health professionals involved in their psychosocial care (n=5). The adapted intervention was found to be acceptable to both participant groups, pending some further amendments. In addition to informing the adaptation of an existing body image intervention for use with women who have undergone treatment for breast cancer, the findings also provide important implications for practice, theory, and research. The present research has identified previously unexplored sociocultural and psychological influences on the body image of women who have undergone treatment for breast cancer and reveals the value of a theoretical model developed within the wider body image field for a group with an altered appearance.
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[Verfasser], Yemataw Wondie. "Characterizing the Psychosocial Effects of Child Sexual Abuse in Ethiopia : Implications for Prevention and Intervention / Yemataw Wondie." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2018061706040318688922.
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Stiller, Mel. "Queer terror management: Theory, test and indicators towards a psychosocial intervention in gender stereotypes via death attitudes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673772.
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Guided by the value of equal opportunities, the present thesis strives to provide indicators for psychosocial intervention that contribute to the eradication of gender stereotypes. For this purpose, a novel theory is proposed and tested. In a frrst article, possible precursors and dynamics of gender stereotypes are reviewed. As a result, one precursor of gender stereotypes is detected in the management of death anxiety. Death attitudes, especially death acceptance, are hence to be tackled for radical intervention in gender stereotypes. After a review of the gender concept's fragmentary
application in current research, the dynamics of gender are examined from a queer perspective. As a consequence, gender as a generic term includes prescriptions for bodily traits (sex), psychological traits (gender as a specific term) and for relational traits (desire) in this thesis. In conclusion, queer terror management theory (Q1MT) is proposed as a novel framework for psychosocial intervention in gender stereotypes.
The second article puts the theory to an initial test. The first QTMT hypothesis assumed sex, gender and desire as factors of a queer gender construct. Despite a tendency of most associations to confirm the expectation, the given sample size and measures resulted as insufficient to test the assumption. Therefore, the frrst hypothesis could not yet be corroborated. The second QTMT hypothesis assumed a reducing effect of death acceptance on gender stereotypes. Since hypothesis 1 was not confirmed, stereotypes on sex, gender and desire were considered separately. Data for death acceptance yielded ambivalent results. On an implicit level, stereotypes for gendered trait ascription slightly diminished with higher death acceptance. However, explicit death acceptance increased ambivalent sexism towards women. Both associations were weak. Covariate analysis yielded stronger associations between the death acceptance precursor of implicit death valence and implicit stereotypes on sex, gender and desire. No explicit measure for death valence was available. A third QTMT hypothesis expected the association between death acceptance and gender stereotypes to be moderated by reminders to one's own mortality (mortality salience). The well-evidenced mortality
salience effects did not occur. Results support the idea of a publication bias in mortality salience research.
Throughout the present research, personal well-being was considered as a possible covariate in order to ensure participants' integrity in future interventions. Findings of the second article indicate that death denial increased fear of death and lowered self-esteem. By contrast, death acceptance was associated with higher self-esteem, more positive affect and increased life satisfaction.
Quantitative results of the second article raised questions about people's emotional reactions to death reminders in regards to death valence and terror management strategies. These questions were addressed by a third article with a mixed method design. Results revealed complex emotional reactions to death reminders beyond the mortality salience expectation of exclusive death denial. Death denial was associated with negative death valence. By contrast, positive death valence was associated with more conscious death fear, but with less implicit death anxiety. In an interrelation of research findings and theories, a revised ontology for terror management strategies is proposed. The review of terror management processes was necessary to explain the previous results of the present research and further studies. Death valence may be an alternative explanation for mortality salience effects. More importantly though, an in-depth understanding of terror management processes
detects the starting points for psychosocial intervention in gender stereotypes.
In conclusion, death valence rather than death acceptance or mortality salience resulted as a tangible indicator for radical intervention in gender stereotypes. The queer gender concept, death valence concepts and measures, as well as the test of death valence as an alternative explanation for mortality salience effects remain an open stage for future research. Finally, implications of the present research for psychosocial intervention in gender stereotypes are discussed. A palliative care perspective is adopted to intervention in gender stereotypes. Beyond conceptual questions, methods for interventions with individuals, groups and towards public policies are suggested.
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Anderson, Natalie Lynn. "A Psychosocial Intervention for a Male Elementary Student with a Traumatic Brain Injury and Executive Functioning Deficits." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1437043377.
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Rababah, Jehad A. "Examining the Effect of a Tai Chi Intervention on Psychosocial Consequences of Driving Cessation Among Older Adults." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1465298964.
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Reavley, Nicola. "Evaluation of the effects of a psychosocial intervention on mood, coping and quality of life in cancer patients." Australasian Digital Thesis Program, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20070703.142553/index.html.
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Thesis (PhD) -- Swinburne University of Technology, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, 2006.Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 2006. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 394-463).
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Baker, Helen Jane. "A randomised controlled trial of psychosocial intervention with mothers of undernourished children using primary care services in Jamaica." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408115.
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Pawelczyk, Katlyn M. "Feasibility of an Educational and Psychosocial Intervention Targeting Self-Regulation Strategies in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492512516688276.
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Gabriel, Israel O. "Feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a psychosocial intervention on the quality of life of adult Nigerians with cancer and their family caregivers: A multi-method study." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/420613.
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Nigeria's capacity to treat adults with cancer is limited due to a lack of human resources and medical facilities. Adults diagnosed with cancer rely largely on their family caregivers for support throughout their cancer journey. According to current cancer research, both persons with cancer and their family caregivers report unmet social, spiritual, informational, and psychological needs. Interventions to improve the health-related quality of life of persons with cancer and their family caregivers have been conducted mainly in high-income countries, with limited research in Africa, particularly Nigeria.
The purpose of this PhD program of work was to develop and test the feasibility and effectiveness of a psychosocial intervention on the social, spiritual, and informational needs, as well as cancer health literacy and health-related quality of life, of adults living with cancer and their families in Nigeria. The thesis is presented as a series of published and unpublished papers, comprising five sequential studies.
A sequential, complementary, multi-method approach was applied, in which data and findings from one study served as the foundation and direction for the next. The Hodge Spirituality Framework and the Supportive Care Model for Cancer Care were used to guide the study. The Spiritual Framework articulates seven distinct explanations for how spirituality promotes health. The Supportive Care Model denotes seven key areas of need to assist in conceptualising what cancer patients require and how service delivery could be planned.
Study One was a systematic review of the literature that aimed to determine contextual factors relating to the use of psychosocial support by adults with cancer and their family caregivers. There was a dearth of research on effective psychosocial interventions for cancer patients and family caregivers in low-income countries. The literature review concluded that interventions for adults with cancer and family caregivers in Africa must be conceptually motivated, culturally appropriate, and tailored to meet local needs.
A cross-sectional quantitative design was used in Study Two to determine the needs, health literacy, and health-related quality of life of adults with cancer and their family caregivers (n = 240) in Nigeria. Adults living with cancer and their families both had considerable psychosocial needs that adversely affect their health-related quality of life. There were consistent relationships between psychosocial needs, cancer health literacy, and health-related quality of life. The findings underscored the relevance of addressing the psychosocial needs and health literacy of persons living with cancer and their family caregivers.
Study Three was the development of an intervention, which was preceded by an exploration of relevant models. The Medical Research Council and Behaviour Change Wheel guided the systematic selection of behaviours to be targeted by the intervention. It was proposed that change was needed in the psychological capability, social opportunity, and automatic and reflective motivation of adults with cancer and their family caregivers. Seven intervention functions and nineteen behaviour change taxonomies were identified as relevant to include in an intervention targeted at meeting needs and improving health-related quality of life. Study Four described the protocol of a randomised controlled trial to test the feasibility and effectiveness of a nurse-delivered psychosocial intervention for adult Nigerians living with cancer and their family caregivers.
In Study Five, 176 participants participated in a two-arm randomised controlled trial to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the intervention. Findings indicated that the program was feasible to implement, and the intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in family/social support, spiritual needs, information needs, cancer health literacy, and health-related quality of life (adults with cancer, F (13, 65) = 24.50, p < 0.001; Wilks’ Lambda = .17; family caregivers, F (13, 65) = 14.27, p < 0.001; Wilks’ Lambda = .26). As evidenced by strong acceptance (86.3%) and retention rates (93.2%), the psychosocial intervention was welcomed by participants. Treatment fidelity ranged from 88.5 to 94.6 percent.
This PhD research addressed knowledge gaps about the needs of adults with cancer and their families in Nigeria. It was the first study in Nigeria to employ the Spiritual and Supportive Care Frameworks in an oncology setting and involve participants in the intervention planning process. The study and associated publications contribute to the literature on cancer caregiving and intervention development by describing and specifying the design, content, and mechanisms of action for an evidence-based and theoretically informed intervention targeting adults with cancer and family caregivers. This research provides a solid foundation for future work to advance interventional oncology research.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Griffith Health
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