Academic literature on the topic 'Psychoses in children'
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Journal articles on the topic "Psychoses in children":
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Schimmelmann, B. G. "Early Detection and Intervention of Psychosis: the Child and Adolescent Perspective." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73714-2.
Abstract:
Over the last two decades, much progress in the prevention and early detection of first-episode psychosis has been achieved. And currently, the inclusion of a psychosis risk syndrome in DSM-V is discussed. But while differences between early-onset and adult-onset psychoses have frequently been pointed out, in the early detection of psychoses, developmental aspects are rarely considered, and results that have been derived from predominately adult samples, i.e., at-risk criteria are generally just transferred to children and adolescents. Emerging evidence from child and adolescent general population, birth cohort and clinical samples, however, question this unrestricted transferability of these results to younger age groups. This presentation will therefore outline the special aspects in the early detection of psychosis that should be considered in children and adolescents. The presentation will cover (i) evidence for the need of a validation of at-risk criteria in children and adolescents and (ii) evidence for a longer DUP in adolescent onset compared to adult onset psychosis and its clinical implications.
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Filatova, S., R. Marttila, H. Koivumaa-Honkanen, T. Nordström, J. Veijola, P. Mäki, G. M. Khandaker, et al. "A comparison of the cumulative incidence and early risk factors for psychotic disorder in young adults in the Northern Finland Birth Cohorts 1966 and 1986." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 26, no. 3 (March 28, 2016): 314–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796016000123.
Abstract:
Aims.Few studies have compared time trends for the incidence of psychosis. To date, the results have been inconsistent, showing a decline, an increase or no significant change. As far as we know, no studies explored changes in prevalence of early risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in early risk factors and cumulative incidences of psychosis by type of psychosis in two comparable birth cohorts.Methods.The Northern Finland Birth cohorts (NFBCs) 1966 (N = 12 058) and 1986 (N = 9432) are prospective general population-based cohorts with the children followed since mother's mid-pregnancy. The data for psychoses, i.e. schizophrenia (narrow, spectrum), bipolar disorder with psychotic features, major depressive episode with psychotic features, brief psychosis and other psychoses (ICD 8–10) were collected from nationwide registers including both inpatients and outpatients. The data on early risk factors including sex and place of birth of the offspring, parental age and psychosis, maternal education at birth were prospectively collected from the population registers. The follow-up reached until the age of 27 years.Results.An increase in the cumulative incidence of all psychoses was seen (1.01% in NFBC 1966 v. 1.90% in NFBC 1986; p < 0.001), which was due to an increase in diagnosed affective and other psychoses. Earlier onset of cases and relatively more psychoses in women were observed in the NFBC 1986. Changes in prevalence of potential early risk factors were identified, but only parental psychosis was a significant predictor in both cohorts (hazard ratios ≥3.0; 95% CI 1.86–4.88). The difference in psychosis incidence was not dependent on changes in prevalence of studied early risk factors.Conclusions.Surprisingly, increase in the cumulative incidence of psychosis and also changes in the types of psychoses were found between two birth cohorts 20 years apart. The observed differences could be due to real changes in incidence or they can be attributable to changes in diagnostic practices, or to early psychosis detection and treatment.
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Lassila, M., T. Nordström, T. Hurtig, P. Mäki, E. Jääskeläinen, E. Oinas, and J. Miettunen. "School success in childhood and subsequent prodromal symptoms and psychoses in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986." Psychological Medicine 50, no. 6 (April 23, 2019): 948–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291719000825.
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AbstractBackgroundLow IQ is a risk factor for psychosis, but the effect of high IQ is more controversial. The aim was to explore the association of childhood school success with prodromal symptoms in adolescence and psychoses in adulthood.MethodsIn the general population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (n = 8 229), we studied the relationship between teacher-assessed learning deficits, special talents and general school success at age 8 years and both prodromal symptoms (PROD-screen) at age 15–16 years and the occurrence of psychoses by age 30 years.ResultsMore prodromal symptoms were experienced by those talented in oral presentation [boys: adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.49; 95% confidence interval 1.14–1.96; girls: 1.23; 1.00–1.52] or drawing (boys: 1.44; 1.10–1.87). Conversely, being talented in athletics decreased the probability of psychotic-like symptoms (boys: OR 0.72; 0.58–0.90). School success below average predicted less prodromal symptoms with boys (OR 0.68; 0.48–0.97), whereas above-average success predicted more prodromal symptoms with girls (OR 1.22; 1.03–1.44). The occurrence of psychoses was not affected. Learning deficits did not associate with prodromal symptoms or psychoses.ConclusionsLearning deficits in childhood did not increase the risk of prodromal symptoms in adolescence or later psychosis in this large birth cohort. Learning deficits are not always associated with increased risk of psychosis, which might be due to, e.g. special support given in schools. The higher prevalence of prodromal symptoms in talented children may reflect a different kind of relationship of school success with prodromal symptoms compared to full psychoses.
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Garralda, E. "Psychoses and psychotic symptoms in children." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 1, no. 4 (July 1988): 416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-198807000-00003.
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Howard, Louise M., R. Kumar, and Graham Thornicroft. "Psychosocial characteristics and needs of mothers with psychotic disorders." British Journal of Psychiatry 178, no. 5 (May 2001): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.178.5.427.
Abstract:
BackgroundIt is not known whether mothers with psychotic disorders are clinically and socially distinct from women with psychoses who have not had children.AimsTo determine the proportion of mothers in an epidemiologically representative population of women with psychotic disorders, to examine the factors associated with having children, and to examine the factors associated with having children ‘looked after’ by social services.MethodDescriptive analysis and two case–control studies.ResultsSixty-three per cent of women with psychotic disorders were mothers. There were no clinical differences between women with or without children, but mothers were more likely to be older and live in unsupported accommodation. Having had a ‘looked after’ child was associated with Mental Health Act detention, younger age, a forensic history and being Black African.ConclusionMany women with psychoses are mothers. Mothers with psychoses are as disabled and have as many needs as women with psychoses without children.
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De Giorgi, Riccardo, Franco De Crescenzo, Gian Loreto D’Alò, Nicola Rizzo Pesci, Valeria Di Franco, Corrado Sandini, and Marco Armando. "Prevalence of Non-Affective Psychoses in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 9 (August 24, 2019): 1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8091304.
Abstract:
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and non-affective psychoses such as schizophrenia are commonly acknowledged as discrete entities. Previous research has revealed evidence of high comorbidity between these conditions, but their differential diagnosis proves difficult in routine clinical practice due to the similarities between core symptoms of each disorder. The prevalence of comorbid non-affective psychoses in individuals with ASD is uncertain, with studies reporting rates ranging from 0% to 61.5%. We therefore performed a systematic review and pooled analysis of the available studies reporting the prevalence of non-affective psychosis in ASD. Fourteen studies, including a total of 1708 participants, were included, with a weighted pooled prevalence assessed at 9.5% (95% CI 2.6 to 16.0). In view of significant heterogeneity amongst the studies, subgroup analyses were conducted. We observed higher prevalence of non-affective psychoses among ASD inpatients versus outpatients, when operationalised criteria were used, and in studies with smaller sample sizes, whereas the figures were comparable between children and adults with ASD. Our results suggest that future studies involving larger samples should implement both operationalized criteria and specific scales for the assessment of psychotic symptoms in individuals with ASD. A deeper understanding of both differential and comorbid features of ASD and non-affective psychosis will be required for the development of optimized clinical management protocols.
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Gyllenberg, David, Bianca Arrhenius, Auli Suominen, and Andre Sourander. "S133. DIAGNOSED SPEECH, SCHOLASTIC AND MOTOR DISORDERS AS PREDICTORS FOR NON-AFFECTIVE PSYCHOSES." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.199.
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Abstract Background Premorbid cognitive impairments are associated with schizophrenia, but little is known about the risk of developing psychoses among children with diagnosed speech, scholastic and motor disorders. Our aim was to study if children diagnosed with these are at increased risk of non-affective psychoses in adolescence and early adulthood. Methods We identified all children born 1996–2001 that were diagnosed with a speech disorder (ICD-10 code F80), scholastic disorder (F81), motor disorder (F82) or mixed developmental disorder (F83) before age 15 in outpatient and inpatient specialized services in Finland by using nationwide registers (n=17,038). A control cohort of children without these disorders was identified (n=63,745). The outcome was non-affective psychoses (F20-F29) diagnosed between age 15 years and the end of year 2017 (maximum age at end of follow-up: 16.0–21.9 years). We used Cox regression to study the association between speech, scholastic and motor disorders and psychoses and adjusted for sex, urbanicity and comorbid depression and conduct disorders. Results A total of 216 and 251 subjects were diagnosed with non-affective psychoses during follow-up in the cohort of speech, scholastic and motor disorders and the control-cohort, respectively. The cumulative incidence of psychoses from age 15.0 to 21.9 years was 2.4 % (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.0 - 2.8 %) in the cohort of speech, scholastic and motor disorders compared to 0.8 % (95% CI 0.7 % - 1.0 %) in the control-cohort (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.6, 95% CI 2.2 - 3.2). When stratified by a pure or a combination of at least two speech, scholastic and motor disorders, all categories were significantly associated with psychoses with the highest HR for motor disorders (aHR 3.6, 95% CI 2.0 - 6.4), followed by the combination of different speech, scholastic and motor disorders (3.3, 2.4 - 4.4), pure scholastic disorders (2.4, 1.5 - 3.7) and pure speech disorders (1.7, 1.2 - 2.6). Discussion Non-affective psychoses in late adolescence and early adulthood are associated with speech, scholastic and motor disorders diagnosed in childhood, in particular motor development disorders.
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Garralda, M. E. "Autism, language disorders and psychoses in children." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 2, no. 4 (August 1989): 472–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-198908000-00002.
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Gillberg, C., and L. Svennerholm. "CSF Monoamines in Autistic Syndromes and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders of Early Childhood." British Journal of Psychiatry 151, no. 1 (July 1987): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.151.1.89.
Abstract:
Spinal fluid concentrations of the three major monoamine metabolites were examined in 25 infantile autistic children and 12 children with other childhood psychoses, and were contrasted with results obtained in normal children and in groups of children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. Autistic children showed absolute and relative increases of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid. The group with other childhood psychoses also showed an increase in HVA level; in this group there were also indications of high levels of serotonin and norepinephrine metabolites. The results are discussed in the context of a pathogenetic model for autism involving hyperfunction of dopaminergic nerve fibres in the brain stem-mesolimbic system.
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Talpos, Cristina, Luminita Ageu, Simina Crisan, Carmen Lacramioara Zamfir, Vladimir Poroch, and Mirela Anghel. "Metabolic Abnormalities and Spectroscopy Biochemical Cerebral Compounds Modifications in Children and Adolescents with Antipsychotic Treatment." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 12 (January 15, 2018): 3022–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.12.6030.
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We approach an integrated, multidisciplinary, innovative research-action model in children and adolescents with psychosis. Our main focus was: to investigate the biochemical cerebral compounds and metabolites (NAA-N-acetylaspartate, GABA-Gama-Aminobutyric Acid, Asp-Aspartate, CR-Creatine, Gln-Glutamine, GPC-Glicerophosphocholine, PC-Phosphocholine, PCr-Phosphocreatine, Tau-Taurine, N-MDA-N-Metyl-D-Aspartate, Serine, Glicine, Cho-Choline); the neuroimagistic and neurobiological markers and the metabolic abnormalities in correlation with the molecular pharmacogenetic testing in psychoses, treated with antipsychotic medication; the dynamic evaluation of the clinical evolution for the studied groups in correlation with specific biochemical, metabolic, neurobiological and neuroimagistic variables and markers. Our research was conducted in the period 2010-2016 on 85 patients, children and adolescents with psychosis (42 took treatment after pharmacogenetic testing, 43 without). Also, the patients were evaluated through magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy at baseline and after pharmacotherapy. The efficacy of the chosen therapy in correlation with the pharmacogenetic testing was evaluated through the mean change in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total scores, in the Clinical Global Impression Severity (CGI-S/I), Clinical Global Assessment of Functioning (CGAS) and through the change registered for the relevant biochemical, metabolic, neurobiological markers and MR spectroscopy metabolites, from baseline till endpoint in different timepoints. Our results, showed statistically significant differences of the clinical scores between the studied groups. Our research was a proof, that the biochemical brain metabolites register in psychoses modified values in the MR Spectroscopy, the administration of antipsychotics can determine metabolic abnormalities (changed lipid profiles, high insulin and blood sugar levels, weight gain, obesity). But on the other side, if the antipsychotic treatment is chosen properly according to the pharmacogenetic profile of the patient, then the biochemical metabolites obtained through the MR Spectroscopy, register improvement of the values correlated with the good clinical evolution.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Psychoses in children":
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Law, Hing-kiu Irene. "Help-seeking pathways of parents whose adolescent children manifest psychotic symptoms /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36785878.
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Smith, Andrea. "Dissociation in children's trauma narratives : an exploratory investigation /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17152.pdf.
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Law, Hing-kiu Irene, and 羅慶翹. "Help-seeking pathways of parents whose adolescent children manifest psychotic symptoms." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45014528.
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Cordin, Robin M. "Psychopathic-like-traits and aggression in suspended mainstream school children and adolescents." University of Western Australia. Graduate School of Education, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0100.
Abstract:
[Truncated abstract] The overall aim of the research reported in this thesis was to explore the viability and utility of the construct of psychopathy and aggression in children and adolescents. Specifically, by taking a developmentally informed approach it sought to develop new instrumentation which measured psychopathic-like-traits, and verbal proactive and reactive aggression in non-referred mainstream school children and adolescents. To achieve this, four separate yet interrelated studies were conducted. Study One comprised three phases relating to the development and validation of two new instruments. In Phase One the instruments currently used to measure psychopathy were reviewed and items relevant to young persons were selected for inclusion in a draft version of the new psychopathy screening instrument. Phase Two, which sought to further explore the construct of psychopathy in children and adolescents, comprised a series of interviews with school principals, deputy principals, psychologists, and education officers at the main juvenile detention centre in Perth, Western Australia. These interviews provided information relating to the behaviour and characteristics of children and adolescents who present with psychopathic-like-traits. As a consequence of the feedback from the Phase Two data, Phase Three reviewed the instrumentation currently used to measure aggression in children and adolescents. From this items were selected for possible inclusion in an aggression questionnaire. The data gathered over these three phases resulted in 117 psychopathy related items being generated for the new instrument, which were subsequently reduced to 56 when duplicated items were identified and the extant knowledge of the construct applied. The 56 items were retained in a draft version of the newly developed instrument, which was named the Child and Adolescent Psychopathy Screening Instrument (CAPSI). The Study One data revealed the instrumentation used to date provided few measures of physical and verbal aggression - a characteristic of psychopathic-like behaviour. Thus, a review of instrumentation together with the information from the interviews resulted in 63 aggression items being generated. ... Study Four utilised information from the CAPSI and the CASA in conjunction with in-depth interviews to generate case studies to further elucidate the characteristics of children and adolescents with psychopathic-like-traits and extreme aggression. Case studies were undertaken with seven male students ranging in age from 8 to 15 years who had been suspended from mainstream schools. All boys scored very highly on the new instruments. All presented with extreme aggression, with some exhibiting proactive or premeditated aggression combined with a superficially engaging personality, insincere charm, lack of remorse, and lack of empathy. The findings from all four research studies are discussed in the light of the literature reviewed and the aims of the research. Implications are then drawn for researchers and clinicians, and directions for further research are suggested.
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Martinotto, Cara Brustolin. "Escolarização da criança psicótica : registros do cotidiano." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2018. https://repositorio.ucs.br/11338/4065.
Abstract:
Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar, a partir de recortes do cotidiano, a escolarização da criança psicótica, procurando pensar sobre o que pode impulsionála na direção do conhecimento e do laço social. Utilizou-se de autores da psicanálise que seguem o pensamento de Freud e Lacan. Nesta pesquisa, entende-se a psicose na infância sob a perspectiva de autores como Bernardino (2000), que a considera como estrutura não decidida. Na introdução, buscou-se situar a importância da questão da psicose infantil no contexto da educação na perspectiva da inclusão, enfatizando as dificuldades do professor ao deparar-se com uma criança psicótica. No segundo capítulo, foi trabalhado o conceito de psicose, destacando suas particularidades e propondo breve discussão acerca do diagnóstico da psicose infantil na psiquiatria e na psicanálise. Ainda neste capítulo, procurou-se discutir acerca do conhecimento na psicose, perpassando pelo conceito de Lacan (1987) acerca do conhecimento paranoico e pela proposta de Kupfer (2000) sobre as ilhas de inteligência. Na última parte, buscou-se compreender a psicose infantil e a questão do laço social, trazendo para discussão a dificuldade desses sujeitos em inserir-se no laço social. Para esta dissertação, utilizou-se do método de pesquisa psicanalítica, tendo como objeto de investigação a escuta dos significantes que circulam no contexto escolar, propondo a realização de um ensaio metapsicológico construído a partir da articulação entre a teoria e a escuta realizada ao longo de quatro anos de experiência na escola. Para a construção do ensaio metapsicológico foram feitos recortes de algumas cenas escolares que permitiram identificar significantes que circulam em torno do laço social e do conhecimento. No tocante ao laço social, foi possível escutar alguns significantes em torno dos alunos nomeados como “estranhos”, mas que, por sua vez, buscam formas de participar do social que a escola oferece. Nesse sentido, foi possível ancorar a discussão com a investigação do (un)heimlich, de Freud (1919/1996). Identificaram-se, também, significantes que apontam para o conhecimento na psicose. Nessa direção, alguns resultados permitiram pensar em ilhas de inteligência e possibilidades de aprender, mesmo que de uma forma diferente, na medida em que o sujeito pode reconstruir em si o conhecimento do outro. Foi possível, ainda, refletir acerca da transferência e do lugar ocupado pelo professor como forma de proporcionar o conhecimento e o laço social. Por fim, considerou-se o lugar da escola e do professor mediante essas crianças, pensando nas possibilidades e limites na inclusão destes sujeitosThis paper aimed to investigate, from daily snippets, the schooling of psychotic children, inquiring about what could propel them to knowledge and social bond. It was based on authors of psychoanalysis who follow the thoughts of Freud and Lacan. In this research, childhood psychosis is understood from the perspective of authors such as Bernadino (2000), who consider it as an undecided structure. In the Introduction, it was situated the importance of the children psychosis issue, in the context of education, from the perspective of inclusion, emphasizing teacher’s difficulties when faced with a psychotic child. In the second chapter, it was developed the concept of psychosis, highlighting its particularities and proposing a brief discussion about the diagnosis of childhood psychosis in psychiatry and psychoanalysis. Furthermore, it was also discussed about knowledge in psychosis coursing through the concept of Lacan (1987) about paranoid knowledge and Kupfer’s (2000) concept of islands of intelligence. In the last part, it was analyzed childhood psychosis and the social bond issue, bringing to discussion the difficulty of these subjects in inserting themselves into social bond. For this dissertation, it was used the psychoanalytic method of research, aiming as object of investigation the listening of the signifiers which surround the school environment, proposing a metapsychological rehearsal built from the articulation between theory and listening along four years of school experience. In order to build the metapsychological rehearsal, some snippets of school scenes were done, which allowed the identification of signifiers that surround the social bond and knowledge. Regarding the social bond, it was possible to listen to some signifiers around the students named as “strange” but who, in turn, search for ways of participating in the social activities the school offers. In this regard, it was possible to anchor the discussion with the study of Freud’s (1919/1996) (un)heimlich term. Signifiers which point to the knowledge in psychosis were also identified. Therefore, some results led to think of islands of intelligence and learning possibilities, even if in a different way, since the subject can reconstruct into themselves the knowledge of the others. It was also possible to ponder the transference and the place of the teacher as a way of providing knowledge and social bond. In conclusion, it was considered the place of the school and the teacher towards these children, regarding the possibilities and limits about the inclusion of these subjects
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Thompson, O. "The inclusion of children in family interventions for psychosis." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2018. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/17941/.
Abstract:
Parents who experience psychosis experience challenges in addition to those associated with being a parent. Their children are at risk for a range of negative outcome. Family interventions for psychosis have been found to be helpful in mitigating some of these outcomes and have a strong evidence base. Systemic literature has provided a raft of techniques to facilitate the inclusion of children in family therapy, though these are largely absent from the literature on family interventions for psychosis. This study used a three- round Delphi survey to investigate what is considered best practice when deciding whether, and how, to include children in their parents' family intervention for psychosis amongst a group of experts. Findings demonstrated support for including children and suggested methods of facilitating their involvement in assessment, areas that should be attended to in sessions, adaptations that should be made, and organisational factors that support their inclusion. Their responses suggested that adult mental health services were well placed to meet some of the needs of these children. Consideration is given to items which did not have consensus and the clinical and research implications are described.
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Welsh, Patrick Russell. "The At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) for psychosis in children and adolescents." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6935/.
Abstract:
Introduction: In the last decade it has been proposed that individuals who are at an elevated future risk of developing psychosis compared to the general population can be identified using operationalised criteria. Those who fulfil these criteria are labelled as having an At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) for psychosis. Research in working-age adults has reported a lowering of the short-term rate of transition of such individuals to psychosis over successive cohorts. Nevertheless, such individuals report poor psychosocial functioning and high distress levels. To date, there has been a dearth of research specifically focussed on the concept of the ARMS in adolescents. Thus it is not established how these young people present to mental health services, what mental health diagnostic categories, if any, they would fulfil and what their short-term outcomes are in terms of mental health and psychosocial functioning. Moreover, it is unknown how this group may experience the label of being ‘at-risk’ and whether these individuals would benefit from the ARMS criteria being made an official diagnostic category. The aim of this study was to investigate how young people fulfilling the ARMS criteria present to services, to characterise them and report the short-term outcomes, in terms of mental health and functioning. The views and experiences of young people with the ARMS label and mental health professionals potentially working with this client group were also explored. Methods: Two separate projects were completed: Project 1; The Follow-up of the At-Risk Mental State (FARMS) project and Project 2; The Professional Attitudes towards the At-Risk Mental State (PAARMS) project. Study 1 of the FARMS project involved a prospective longitudinal cohort study and investigated how adolescents categorised as having an ARMS initially present to mental health services and fared over a six month follow-up period. Study 2 involved recruiting a purposive sample of participants fulfilling the ARMS criteria from Study 1, into a qualitative study. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) framework was then used to explore the personal understanding and experiences of these young people in relation to the ARMS concept. The PAARMS project used a mixed methods approach in order to evaluate the attitudes and experience of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS) professionals in relation to the ARMS concept. Firstly, in-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of six CAMHS clinicians who work in Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) services regarding their experience and attitudes in relation to working with young mental health service-users who have the ARMS label. Secondly, a survey involving 180 CAMHS clinicians was conducted. Results: Study 1 of the FARMS project confirmed that adolescents fulfilling the ARMS criteria present to services with significant levels of reported psychopathology and functional impairment. Auditory perceptual disturbance was the most frequently reported ‘positive’ symptom whilst 70% of participants met the threshold for at least one current ICD-10 Axis I psychiatric diagnosis. In terms of short term outcomes, transition rates to psychosis were low (1/29; 3%) with a handful of individuals (7/29; 24%) demonstrating significant remission of symptoms and/or significant improvements in psychosocial functioning. The findings from Study 2 indicate that young people wish to be told about their condition upon identification and do not report experiencing significantly negative or distressing instances of stigma, though this was a voiced initial concern. Talking to mental health professionals and possibly peers, who also experience similar symptoms, are perceived as the most beneficial elements of support offered by services. Finally, CAMHS professionals participating in the PAARMS project reported being reluctant to recommend medication as a first-line treatment strategy. However, monitoring, psycho-education and psychological therapies were widely endorsed. Identification and management of adolescents with the ARMS label was viewed as challenging and complicated by a variety of factors including maturational process and a lack of official guidelines and protocols. Discussion: The results of this study not only characterise how adolescents fulfilling the ARMS criteria present to services but also inform future debates regarding the ARMS concept as a distinct diagnosis. These findings should therefore facilitate the development of new policies for the identification and management of the condition in young people and address areas of clinical practice that require immediate attention. Future research is required to establish whether these initial findings are generalisable to services elsewhere and to evaluate plausible interventional approaches that target distressing symptoms and functioning.
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Reis, Beatriz Kauri dos. "Da utopia ao laço social." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13112.
Abstract:
Pretendo com essa pesquisa discutir sobre a intervenção psicanalítica junto a crianças com psicose não decidida. Trabalho levando em conta a singularidade da linguagem de uma criança com funcionamento psicótico, onde não há um eixo centralizador permanente do discurso. Neste caso a fala está à deriva, sem uma direção fálica. Procurarei demonstrar as peculiaridades de tal funcionamento, apresentando certos momentos cruciais da direção da cura dessa criança, como a construção de imagens e a construção de histórias que, de alguma forma, propiciam a unificação do sujeito, organizando-o, dando norte à sua deriva.With this research, we intend to discuss psychoanalytic intervention for children with undefined psychosis. Our work will take into account the singularity of language of one child with psychotic functioning, where there is not one permanent, centralizer axle of speech. In this case the speech is derived without direction. We will seek to demonstrate the peculiarities of such functioning, presenting certain crucial moments in the curing of this child, such as the construction of images and stories that, in some way, propitiate the unification of the subject by organizing it and pointing to its underlying causes.
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Barbosa, Caroline Lopes. "O efeito das falas patológicas: questões relativas à avaliação de linguagem nos casos de autismo e psicose infantil." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13535.
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Previous issue date: 2011-10-07Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Studies about the speech of patients with autism and psychosis in children that were attended on the speech therapy are studied little, that means, there are not many works that focuses on the speech of this children. In this work is necessary to understand the way the language of this patients works, in order to address these clinical issues, such as the evaluation of the speech and the therapy on the attendance of this cases, which have make the speech therapist come closer to areas such as Psychoanalysis, the Medicine, and also the Linguistics, once the description of this cases indicates language disorders with relevant manifestation for a diagnosis. In this sense, I place in to question the way the speech therapist takes care of the autism and psychosis in children, to understand another view of analyses that could take into consideration the relationship between the subject and the language, in view of the language and the treatment processes. I have put into place a critical discussion on the matters related the autism and psychosis in children cases and it repercussion to Psychoanalyses and how they were understand by the Medicine. In view of that, I have came close to the Reserch Group named Language acquisition, language pathology and language clinic , under coordination of the Professors and Doctors Maria Francisca Lier-De Vitto and Lucia Arantes, on (LAEL/PUCSP), in which is possible to think in imbrications among subjective structures and language structuring, as well in the relationship among the subject and the language
Estudos sobre a fala de pacientes com quadros de autismo e psicose infantil atendidos na clínica fonoaudiológica são ainda incipientes, isto é, poucos são os trabalhos que focalizam a fala dessas crianças. Neste trabalho considero necessário compreender o modo de funcionamento da linguagem desses pacientes, para encaminhar questões clínicas, como a avaliação de linguagem e terapêutica no atendimento desses casos, que fez que o fonoaudiólogo se aproximar de áreas como a Psicanálise, a Medicina, e incluir, também, a Linguística, uma vez que as descrições desses quadros apontam para perturbações de linguagem , como manifestação relevante para o diagnóstico. Nesse sentido, coloco em questão o modo como a Fonoaudiologia lida com o autismo e a psicose infantil, para empreender uma análise em outra direção, que considerasse a relação sujeito-língua, no processo de avaliação da linguagem e do tratamento. Realizei uma discussão crítica da problemática que os quadros de autismo e psicose infantil impõem à Psicanálise e como são entendidos pela Medicina. Assim, aproximo-me do Grupo de Pesquisa Aquisição, Patologias e Clínica de Linguagem coordenado pelas Profa. Dra. Maria Francisca Lier-De Vitto e Profa. Dra. Lucia Arantes no (LAEL/PUCSP), em que é possível pensar na imbricação entre estruturação subjetiva e estruturação da linguagem, bem como a relação sujeito-língua
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Dias, Paula Teixeira. "Questões sobre os embaraços da relação criança-linguagem: a presença do nome próprio e de pronomes pessoais." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13587.
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Previous issue date: 2012-08-17Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This study discusses questions raised by children with strong difficulties concerning the use of pronouns, which leads to an embarrassing dialogical relationship. Those children enter the Speech Therapy Clinic with the psychiatric diagnosis of global disorder or pervasive developmental disorders or autism or psychosis . Their utterances are not addressed to the other-therapist interestingly enough, there is no pronominal inversion between I/YOU, expected in dialogical situations. One effect of such a situation is that therapists tend to refer to themselves and the children by means of their proper names. Linguistics is here visited in search for adequate theorization and conceptualization concerning the pronouns (Benveniste is at stake). Saussure is also revisited, since he is at the basis of the so called European Structuralism. In the area of Language Acquisition, De Lemos‟s article on the use of pronouns by children is a landmark in the field and was privileged in the present study. The author approaches the long period of glaring instability referring to both the proper name and pronoun reversibility in the process of language acquisition. There are, however, as pointed out above, children who do not reach a stable state they fall into symptomatic/pathological classifications. The argument here stated and advanced is that instability gets stabilized. Psychoanalysis offers a consistent theorization about the human subject and also about its constitution. Given the perspective adopted in the thesis, that clinical field became an important source of theoretical research. Finaly, the present study is affiliated to the CNPq Research Group "Acquisition, Pathology and Language Clinic" coordinated by Prof. Dr. Maria Francisca Lier-DeVitto and Prof. Dr. Lucia Arantes, at LAEL-PUCSP
Este trabalho problematiza a inquietação levantada por crianças com marcante escassez e precariedade de manifestações linguísticas, com relação muito incomum e constrangedora com outro (diagnosticadas com transtorno global/invasivo do desenvolvimento‟; autismo‟ ou psicose‟). Crianças que são acolhidas na Clínica de Linguagem por haver, em sua fala, questões que geram estranhamento, das quais destaco a presença um tanto indesejada (para o outro) do nome próprio ocupando na cadeia o lugar dos pronomes eu/tu, além da inversão pronominal, o que suspende a dialética eu-tu que caracteriza a reversibilidade dialógica. A Linguística é visitada, buscando-se a conceituação do pronome (principalmente a partir de Benveniste) e considerando o funcionamento próprio da língua enquanto sistema de relações (a partir de Saussure). Tece-se um diálogo com a Aquisição de Linguagem (a partir da proposta interacionista de Cláudia Lemos), visto que tanto o nome próprio quanto a inversão e instabilidade pronominal fazem presença na fala de crianças em aquisição. Porém, a fala das crianças acolhidas na clínica apontam para uma fixação sintomática cuja estabilidade é justamente a instabilidade, a oscilação, a hesitação. Há uma singularidade na relação sujeito/língua/fala (do outro) que leva à necessidade de pensar este sujeito, o que nos leva à Psicanálise - dada a imbricação entre estruturação subjetiva e estruturação da linguagem. Esta imbricação é discutida no Grupo de Pesquisa Aquisição, Patologias e Clínica de Linguagem coordenada pelas Profª Drª Maria Francisca Lier-DeVitto e Profª Drª Lucia Arantes no LAEL/PUC-SP
Books on the topic "Psychoses in children":
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Margaret, Rustin, ed. Psychotic states in children. New York: Routledge, 1998.
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François, Ladame, Gutton Philippe, Kalogerakis Michael, and Association internationale de psychiatrie de l'adolescence. Congrès, eds. Psychoses et adolescence. Paris: Masson, 1990.
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Boutinaud, Jérôme. Psychomotricité, psychoses et autismes infantiles. 2nd ed. Paris: In Press, 2010.
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Boutinaud, Jérôme. Psychomotricité, psychoses et autismes infantiles. Paris: In Press, 2009.
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Alexandridēs, Athanasios. Meletē tēs ennoias tēs paidikēs symviōtikēs psychōsēs. [Athens]: Chatzēnikolē, 1987.
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Massimo, Papini, ed. Psicosi infantili e ambiente terapeutico. Roma: Borla, 1989.
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Brun, Anne. Médiations thérapeutiques et psychose infantile. Paris: Dunod, 2007.
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Mahler, Margaret S. Infantile psychosis and early contributions. Northvale, N.J: J. Aronson, 1994.
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National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (Great Britain). Psychosis and schizophrenia in children and young people: Recognition and management. Leicester: British Psychological Society, 2013.
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Tustin, Frances. Autistic states in children. London: Tavistock/Routledge, 1992.
Book chapters on the topic "Psychoses in children":
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Eggers, C. "Schizoaffective Psychoses in Children and Juveniles." In Schizoaffective Psychoses, 204–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71443-6_15.
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James, Tony, and Lakshmeesh Muttur Somashekhar. "Psychosis in Children and Young People." In Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 338–43. 3rd ed. Third edition. | New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003083139-52.
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Leff, Robert. "Behavior Modification and Childhood Psychoses." In behavior therapy with children, 133–53. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351314442-13.
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"Psychosocial Interventions for Chronic Psychoses." In Psychotic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents, 244–78. Routledge, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203961599-15.
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Schultze-Lutter, Frauke. "Detecting the first signs of emerging psychosis." In Early Intervention in Psychiatric Disorders Across Cultures, 57–72. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198820833.003.0006.
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Psychotic disorders are costly and debilitating illnesses. Their prodromal phase usually lasts several years and offers opportunities for indicated prevention. Currently, two risk-detection approaches, developed in adult samples, are typically followed: ultra-high risk (UHR) criteria, developed to predict first-episode psychoses within 12 months; and basic symptom (BS) criteria, aimed at the earliest possible detection of emerging psychoses. The main UHR criterion is defined by attenuated psychotic symptoms, which resemble positive symptoms of psychosis except that some insight into their abnormal nature remains. In contrast, BS criteria include subtle disturbances in information processing, experienced immediately with full insight. Various studies have indicated that using a combination of both approaches might increase sensitivity and support the development of a timely, change-sensitive, and stratified risk-detection method. However, since age might play an important role, both the UHR and BS approach might be less psychosis-predictive and less clinically relevant in children and adolescents.
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Taylor, Eric. "Autism Spectrum Disorder and Early-Onset Psychoses." In Developmental Neuropsychiatry, 95–140. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198827801.003.0004.
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This chapter covers the profiles of difficulties in relating, to other people and the world, that are included in the international schemes of classification as spectra of autism, schizophrenia, and psychosis. In autism, there is a marked reduction in, or oddity of, social communication, and an increase of repetitive and stereotyped behaviours. In psychoses, including schizophrenia and catatonia, there is disordered testing of reality (resulting in hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech), and deficits in volition (involving apathy, social isolation, and lack of initiative). These are described as they present in children and young people, together with their prevalence and the coexistent problems of emotion and behaviour that occur frequently. The longitudinal course is considered up to the transition into adult life. Potential causes and pathophysiology are considered in so far as they apply specifically to these disorders.
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Hanlon, Charlotte, and Asnake Limenhe. "Mental health." In Oxford Handbook of Tropical Medicine 5e, 767–94. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198810858.003.0018.
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Suicide and deliberate self-harm?, Acute behavioural disturbance?, Common mental disorders?, Severe mental disorders psychoses?, Disorders due to substance abuse?, Withdrawal states?, Adjustment disorders and bereavement?, Post-traumatic stress disorder?, Intellectual learning disability?, Disorders in children and adolescents?
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Fink MD, Max. "Pediatric ECT." In Electroconvulsive Therapy. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195365740.003.0013.
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The role of ECT in the treatment of adolescents and children is not well understood. The experience is limited and poorly documented, especially in pre-pubescent children. For much of the twentieth century, child and adolescent psychiatrists believed that the mental disorders of children and adolescents are psychologically, not biologically, determined. Psychological attitudes and family interactions were considered the cause of the pathology of the disorders. In the past two decades interest has shifted to biological causes and treatments. Depression and mania, autism, anorexia nervosa, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are now recognized in children and adolescents with increasing frequency. These shifts in attitude encourage greater interest in medication trials, and with these, increasing tolerance for trials with ECT. The renewed interest in the role of ECT in pediatric patients was shown at a 1994 conference when experts reported an additional 62 case reports beyond the 94 that had been described in publications. Patients between 14 and 20 years of age with major depressive syndromes, delirious mania, catatonia, or acute delusional psychoses had been successfully treated with ECT, usually after other treatments had failed. No reports of harm to age-related faculties, such as impaired maturation, growth, and the capacity to learn, were presented. On the contrary, the resolution of their mental disorders encouraged the young people to complete school and continue their education. No adjustments to the adult ECT protocol were required except that close attention was given to energy dosing. Adolescents require very little energy to induce an effective seizure. No reporter described instances of uncontrolled seizures. Some clinicians, faced with seriously ill adolescents with features that would encourage ECT if the features were seen in adults, now recommend ECT. Examples of the successful treatment of melancholia, psychosis, mania, and catatonia dot the literature. Efficacy is reported in patients with severe mental retardation and in those with self-injurious repetitive behavior and catatonia grafted onto various forms of autism. These reports are sufficiently encouraging to loosen the usual injunctions against the use of ECT in adolescents. In 2004, the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry offered official practice guidelines for the use of ECT in adolescents that closely follow the guidelines for treatment in adults.
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Winnicott, Donald W. "Psycho-Neurosis in Childhood." In The Collected Works of D. W. Winnicott, 253–60. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780190271381.003.0040.
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In this paper, given to a Scandinavian Orthopsychiatric Congress, Winnicott speaks of the psycho neuroses of childhood. He writes that the origins of psychoneurosis are found in the childhood of every individual, and psychoses proper have to do with the structure of the personality. In the psychoneuroses, functioning object relationships usually obtain, but symptomatology arising from inner conflict also occurs and leads to various symptoms. Depression, persecution anxieties and antisocial tendencies may be part of the child’s defensive system in trying to cope with this. Those children whose early environment—and its essential feature of infant dependence—has been satisfactory, those with normal family life, and those in institutional care are each described and differentiated. Winnicott touches on adolescence and the need for true not false solutions, and he recognizes that real mental health may include the capacity for depression and even madness to a degree.
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Kapalka, George M. "Psychosis." In Nutritional and Herbal Therapies for Children and Adolescents, 317–46. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-374927-7.00011-x.
Reports on the topic "Psychoses in children":
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Nuts and Bolts of Pediatric Psychopharmacology and management of Psychosis in children (recording). ACAMH, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.21375.
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This event aims to enhance learning of child and adolescent mental health, with practical insights in the area of Paediatric Psychopharmacology for trainee and practising psychiatrists. The content is primarily practice focused with additional research evidence relevant to clinical practice.